LocalAI/docs/content/features/voice-activity-detection.md

+++ disableToc = false title = "Voice Activity Detection (VAD)" weight = 35 url = "/features/voice-activity-detection/" +++

Voice Activity Detection (VAD) identifies segments of speech in audio data. LocalAI provides a /v1/vad endpoint powered by the Silero VAD backend.

The [audio.cpp backend]({{%relref "features/audio-cpp" %}}) also serves this endpoint, and ships the silero_vad and marblenet_vad assets inside its own package, so VAD works there with nothing to download (model: bundled:silero_vad plus the family:silero_vad option).

API

• Method: POST
• Endpoints: /v1/vad, /vad

Request

The request body is JSON with the following fields:

Parameter	Type	Required	Description
model	string	Yes	Model name (e.g. silero-vad)
audio	float32[]	Yes	Array of audio samples (16kHz PCM float)

Response

Returns a JSON object with detected speech segments:

Field	Type	Description
segments	array	List of detected speech segments
segments[].start	float	Start time in seconds
segments[].end	float	End time in seconds

Usage

Example request

The /v1/vad endpoint expects the audio field to be an array of raw 16kHz mono PCM samples as float32 values, so the request body is usually built from a real audio file rather than typed by hand.

First convert any audio file to 16kHz mono with ffmpeg:

ffmpeg -i input.mp3 -ar 16000 -ac 1 -f wav speech.wav

Then load the samples and POST them (this snippet needs pip install soundfile numpy requests):

import soundfile as sf
import numpy as np
import requests

audio, sample_rate = sf.read("speech.wav")
if audio.ndim > 1:
    audio = audio.mean(axis=1)  # downmix to mono
samples = audio.astype(np.float32).tolist()

response = requests.post(
    "http://localhost:8080/v1/vad",
    json={"model": "silero-vad", "audio": samples},
)
print(response.json())

Example response

{
  "segments": [
    {
      "start": 0.5,
      "end": 2.3
    },
    {
      "start": 3.1,
      "end": 5.8
    }
  ]
}

Model Configuration

Create a YAML configuration file for the VAD model:

name: silero-vad
backend: silero-vad

Detection parameters can be overridden via model options (key:value entries):

name: silero-vad
backend: silero-vad
options:
  - threshold:0.55
  - min_silence_duration_ms:50
  - speech_pad_ms:450

Supported options:

Option	Type	Default	Description
threshold	float	0.5	Speech probability threshold
min_silence_duration_ms	int	100	Minimum silence before ending a speech segment
speech_pad_ms	int	30	Padding added around each speech segment

Thresholds must be greater than 0 and less than 1. Durations must be nonnegative integers. Malformed values, negative durations, and NaN thresholds are ignored; the default or last valid value remains in use.

Reload the model (or restart LocalAI) after changing these options.

parakeet-cpp backend

The parakeet-cpp backend serves the same endpoint. It runs one of two detectors:

• Silero VAD from a GGUF file (gallery entry parakeet-cpp-silero-vad-f16, 1.3 MB). One probability per 32 ms.

• The VAD head of a full Moondream Ultra or Redux model (gallery entries parakeet-cpp-vad-moondream-ultra-q8_0 and parakeet-cpp-vad-moondream-redux-packed). One probability per 80 ms. The packed Redux file runs on CPU only.

• A VAD-only slice of that head (gallery entries parakeet-cpp-vad-moondream-redux, 9.9 MB, and parakeet-cpp-vad-moondream-ultra, 6.0 MB). The slice is cut out of the full model without retraining, so the segments are byte-identical to the full model's head, and the speed is the same. Compared with loading the whole model (213 MB to 1.4 GB), the file is 6 to 10 MB, loads in a few milliseconds instead of 0.1 to 0.7 s, and needs about 245 MiB of peak memory for a 33 s clip instead of 0.6 to 1.6 GiB. A slice cannot transcribe, and it needs a parakeet.cpp build with VAD-only GGUF support (pin e53a253 or newer).

• A bundle GGUF (gallery entries parakeet-cpp-bundle-small, parakeet-cpp-bundle-standard and parakeet-cpp-bundle-moondream-redux). The bundle holds a Silero component next to the ASR model, and the backend uses it for this endpoint with no option. See [Bundle GGUF files]({{%relref "features/audio-to-text" %}}#bundle-gguf-files-several-models-in-one-file).

The entry parakeet-cpp-vad installs Silero. The detectors differ and are not variants of one model, so install the entry of the VAD head by name if you want it (parakeet-cpp-vad-moondream-redux or parakeet-cpp-vad-moondream-ultra for the small files). The request is the same as above: audio is 16 kHz mono float32 PCM, and the response lists segments with start and end in seconds. An ASR model that has no VAD head fails the request with model has no VAD head.

name: parakeet-vad
backend: parakeet-cpp
known_usecases:
  - vad
parameters:
  model: parakeet-cpp/silero-vad-f16.gguf
options:
  - vad_threshold:0.5
  - vad_min_pause:0.1

All options are optional. An unset value keeps the default of the detector in use (the library defaults differ between Silero and the head):

Option	Unit	Silero default	Head default	Description
vad_threshold	0 to 1	0.5	0.5	Speech probability threshold
vad_min_pause	seconds	0.1	0.2	A silence this long separates two segments; shorter gaps merge
vad_min_speech	seconds	0.25	0.1	Shorter speech runs are dropped
vad_speech_pad	seconds	0.03	0	Padding added around each segment

Option names differ from the Silero backend above (min_silence_duration_ms and speech_pad_ms are in milliseconds there). The same options tune transcription with vad:true or vad_model; see [audio to text]({{%relref "features/audio-to-text" %}}). Requests on one loaded model run one at a time.

Detection Parameters

The Silero VAD backend uses the following internal defaults (overridable via options above):

• Sample rate: 16kHz
• Threshold: 0.5
• Min silence duration: 100ms
• Speech pad duration: 30ms

Error Responses

Status Code	Description
400	Missing or invalid model or audio field
500	Backend error during VAD processing