Meshtastic-Android/docs/bg-rBG/user/firmware.html

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<pre class="markdown-content"># Актуализации на фърмуера

Поддържайте вашето Meshtastic радио актуално с най-новия фърмуер за нови функции, корекции на грешки и подобрения в сигурността.

## Проверка за актуализации

1. Open the connected radio's configuration and, under **Advanced**, tap **Firmware Update**. The entry appears only for OTA-capable devices.
2. Приложението проверява за налични версии на фърмуера.
3. Available updates show the version number and changelog summary.

## Методи за актуализиране

### OTA (Over-The-Air) чрез Bluetooth

Най-често срещаният метод за актуализиране за потребителите на Android:

1. Уверете се, че радиото ви е свързано чрез Bluetooth.
2. Отидете до екрана за актуализация на фърмуера.
3. Изберете желаната версия на фърмуера.
4. Tap **Update** to begin the OTA process.
5. Wait for the update to complete — **do not disconnect** during the update.

![Firmware checking for updates](../../assets/screenshots/firmware_checking.png)

&gt; ⚠️ **Warning:** Interrupting a firmware update can brick your device. Ensure your radio has sufficient battery (&gt;50% recommended) and maintain Bluetooth proximity during the entire process.

![Firmware disclaimer](../../assets/screenshots/firmware_disclaimer.png)

### In-App USB Update

When your radio is connected over **USB/serial** (rather than Bluetooth), the Firmware Update screen offers **USB File Transfer**. The app reboots the device into DFU mode, then prompts you to save the `.uf2` file to the device's DFU drive using the system file picker. This option appears only on a USB/serial connection — it is not available over Bluetooth.

&gt; ℹ️ **nRF bootloader note:** A vendor bootloader supplied as a `.zip` (e.g. RAK WisBlock RAK4631) has to be flashed with a serial DFU tool such as `adafruit-nrfutil` — copying that `.zip` to the drive won't work. A bootloader supplied as an `update-....uf2` **can** be installed by copying it to the drive; that is how the app's own bootloader upgrade works. The app surfaces a hint when the serial-only route applies.

### Factory Erase and Bootloader Upgrade

On a **USB/serial** connection, nRF52 and RP2040 devices also offer **Erase and reinstall** and, where an upgraded bootloader is published for the board, **Upgrade bootloader**.

Erasing wipes everything on the device — channels, keys and all settings — and there is no backup, so the app asks for confirmation first. Both operations write two files in turn, so you will be asked to select the device's update drive twice: once for the erase or bootloader image, then again for the firmware.

The app reads `INFO_UF2.TXT` from the drive you select to confirm it really is the device's update drive and to identify the board before writing anything. If it can't confirm which Bluetooth stack your device uses it refuses to erase and points you at the [Web Flasher](https://flasher.meshtastic.org) instead — picking wrong there can leave the device needing a hardware programmer to recover.

### Other Flashing Options

For recovery or when neither OTA nor in-app USB is available:

- Use the [Meshtastic Web Flasher](https://flasher.meshtastic.org)
- Or the [Meshtastic CLI tool](https://meshtastic.org/docs/getting-started/flashing-firmware) on desktop

## Канали на версиите

 Канал        | Описание                                                                   |
 ------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
 Стабилен     | Препоръчва се за повечето потребители; тествани версии                     |
 Алфа         | Предварителни издания; може да съдържат грешки                             |
 Локален файл | Flash a firmware file you select yourself, instead of a downloaded release |

## Контролен списък преди актуализация

Преди актуализиране:

- [ ] Батерия &gt; 50%
- [ ] Стабилна Bluetooth връзка
- [ ] Запишете текущите си настройки (те могат да се нулират при големи промени във версията)
- [ ] Проверете бележките към изданието за важни промени

## След актуализация

After the firmware is written, the app verifies the update and waits for the device to come back online:

![Verifying update and waiting for the device to reconnect](../../assets/screenshots/firmware_verifying.png)

След като актуализацията е успешна:

- Радиото ще се рестартира автоматично
- Bluetooth връзката ще се възстанови
- Проверете дали настройките ви са непокътнати
- Confirm the new version under **Currently Installed** on the Firmware Update screen — it's also shown on the node's detail page and the Connections screen

![Актуализацията на фърмуера е успешна](../../assets/screenshots/firmware_success.png)

## Отстраняване на неизправности

### Update Stuck

If the update appears frozen:

- Изчакайте поне 5 минути, преди да се намесите
- If truly stuck, power-cycle the radio
- Опитайте актуализацията отново

![Грешка при актуализация на фърмуера](../../assets/screenshots/firmware_error.png)

### Устройството не се стартира след актуализация

If your device fails to boot:

1. Try connecting via USB to a computer
2. Use the web flasher in recovery/DFU mode
3. Flash a known-good firmware version
4. Check the Meshtastic Discord for device-specific recovery steps

### Предупреждения за съвместимост

The app may show warnings when:

- Connected radio firmware is below minimum supported version
- Major version mismatch between app and firmware
- Deprecated features need migration

&gt; ⚠️ **Important:** Always update the Meshtastic app before or alongside firmware updates to ensure compatibility.

## Свързани теми

- [Connections](connections) — reconnecting after a firmware update
- [Flashing firmware guide](https://meshtastic.org/docs/getting-started/flashing-firmware) — full firmware flashing walkthrough on meshtastic.org
- [Supported devices](https://meshtastic.org/docs/hardware/devices) — check firmware compatibility by device
- [FAQ](https://meshtastic.org/docs/faq/) — common questions on meshtastic.org

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