Meshtastic-Android/main/docs/et-rEE/user/connections.html

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<pre class="markdown-content"># Ühendus

Meshtastic supports multiple transport methods to communicate between your phone or desktop and a radio.

## Sinihammas (BLE)

Sinihamba madal voolutarve on Androidi vaike- ja levinuim ühendusviis.

### Pairing a Radio

1. Power on your radio. Most radios advertise over Bluetooth as soon as they boot — there is no pairing mode to enter. Radios with a color touchscreen ship with Bluetooth switched off, so turn it on from the radio's own on-screen menu first.
2. Ava rakendus ja navigeeri vahekaardile **Ühendused**.
3. Puuduta valikut **Otsi sinihamba seadmeid** – kuvatakse lähedalasuvad Meshtasticu raadiod.
4. Select your radio from the list.
5. Android asks you to pair. If your radio has a screen, it shows a six-digit PIN — type that into the Android dialog. If your radio has no screen, the PIN is `123456`.

![Sinihamba seadmete otsimine, leitud raadio on loendis](../../assets/screenshots/connections_bluetooth_scan.png)

You can change the pairing method, or turn Bluetooth on for a radio that ships with it off, under **Settings → Device configuration → Bluetooth** — see [Settings — Radio &amp; User](settings-radio-user). For more information, see [Bluetooth configuration](https://meshtastic.org/docs/configuration/radio/bluetooth) on meshtastic.org.

Sinihamba, võrgu ja USB-transpordi vahel vahetamiseks (üks on korraga aktiivne) kasutage transpordivalijat – ühenduskaardi all asuvat segmenteeritud nuppude rida:

![Connections screen with the transport selector showing Bluetooth, Network, and USB](../../assets/screenshots/connections_transport_filters.png)

&gt; 💡 **Tip:** If your radio doesn't appear, check that it isn't already connected to another phone, or out of range.

The screen names anything on the app's side that is blocking a scan, with the fix attached:

 What you see                                        | What it means                                                                                                                                                              |
 --------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
 A card asking for **Nearby devices**                | The permission has not been granted. **Grant permission** requests it; once Android stops prompting, the button becomes **Open settings**. |
 **Bluetooth is off**                                | The adapter is disabled — the card opens Bluetooth settings.                                                                                               |
 **Bluetooth scanning also needs location services** | Android 11 and older only: the permission is held but the system location toggle is off.                                                   |
 No card, empty list                                 | Nothing on this side is blocking the scan — the radio is out of range, off, or already connected elsewhere.                                                |

The explanation lives in that card, not in the scan control: tapping **Scan for Bluetooth devices** after you have declined once asks Android again directly.

### Ühenduse olek

 Ikoon | Olek                 | Kirjeldus                                                                                                  |
 ----- | -------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
 🟢    | Ühendatud            | Aktiivne raadioside loodud                                                                                 |
 🟡    | Ühendan              | Kätlemine on pooleli                                                                                       |
 🔴    | Ühendus katkenud     | No active connection. The app retries automatically, with a growing delay between attempts |
 ⚪     | Seade on unerežiimis | The radio is in light sleep — the app is waiting for it to wake and reconnect, not failing                 |

These are the four states the app models. "Device sleeping" is normal on power-saving configurations and needs no action.

When connecting, a status indicator shows the current connection state — tap **Stop Connecting** to abandon the attempt:

![Ühenduse olek](../../assets/screenshots/connections_connecting.png)

Kui seadmeid ei leita, kuvab rakendus tühja oleku koos juhistega:

![Ühtegi seadet ei leitud](../../assets/screenshots/connections_empty_state.png)

### Sinihamba veaotsing

- **Radio not found:** Turn Bluetooth off and back on. On Android 11 and older, also check that system location services are switched on — those releases do not return scan results without them.
- **Bluetooth scan couldn't start:** Try again, and toggle Bluetooth off and on if it repeats.
- **Connection drops:** Move closer to the radio; check for interference.
- **Pairing failed, or pairing did not complete:** Check that the **Nearby devices** permission is granted, then pair again.
- **Sidumine tagasi lükatud:** Unusta seade Androidi sinihamba ​​seadetes ja proovi uuesti.
- **Could not establish a stable connection after repeated attempts:** The app stopped retrying after three failed handshakes — a radio that keeps failing here is usually crashing on reconnect. Power-cycle the radio, then tap it again on the **Connect** tab to start a fresh attempt.

## USB port

USB ühendused pakuvad juhtmega alternatiivi, mis on kasulik lauaarvutite puhul või kui sinihammas pole saadaval.

### Seadistamine

1. Connect your radio to your phone with a USB data cable. Charge-only cables carry no data lines, and a radio on one never appears in the list.
2. The app prompts for USB permission — tap **Allow**.
3. The connection is established automatically.

&gt; ℹ️ **Note:** USB connections require OTG support on Android devices.

### Troubleshooting USB

- **USB permission denied:** Unplug the radio and plug it back in — Android asks again on reconnect.
- **No radio in the list:** Check that the cable carries data rather than only power, and that the phone supports OTG.

## TCP/IP (võrk)

Some Meshtastic radios support Wi-Fi/Ethernet connectivity, allowing TCP-based connections over your local network. Get the radio onto your network first. Connect to it over Bluetooth or USB, open **Settings → Device configuration → Network**, and under **Wi-Fi Options** turn on **Wi-Fi enabled** and enter the **SSID** and **Password**. The Network screen appears only for radios whose hardware supports Wi-Fi or Ethernet. Once the radio has an address, come back and connect to it over the network.

### Connecting over the Network

1. Veendu, et raadio on samas kohtvõrgus kui sinu telefon/lauaarvuti.
2. On the **Connect** tab, select **Network** in the transport selector.
3. Choose the radio one of two ways:
   - **Võrguseadmete otsimine** – lülita see sisse, et automaatselt avastada raadioid, mis reklaamivad end kohalikus võrgus (mDNS / `_meshtastic._tcp`). Leitud seadmed kuvatakse loendis; ühenduse loomiseks puuduta neist ühte.
   - **Lisa seade käsitsi…** — Sisesta raadio IP-aadress (või hostinimi) ja port (vaikimisi: 4403).
4. Previously-used network addresses are remembered under **Recent Network Devices** for quick reconnection (touch &amp; hold to remove one).

Network discovery uses mDNS, which only works when both your phone and the radio are on the same subnet. If the phone is not on Wi-Fi at all, the app warns that a network scan may find nothing. On Android 17 and newer, the app needs the **Local network permission** to reach a radio on your own Wi-Fi at all — not only to discover it — so typing the address by hand does not work around a denied permission. Grant it from the card on the Network pane, or from the **Permissions** section of **Settings**. A radio on a public address, or one reached over a VPN, needs no permission.

### Millal kasutada TCP

- Raadio on samas kohalikus võrgus
- Testing with a simulated radio
- Asukohad kus sinihambal on häireid

### WiFi ühenduse loomine mPWRD-OS-i jaoks

**Settings → Wi-Fi Provisioning for mPWRD-OS** is a separate, narrower tool. It sends Wi-Fi credentials over Bluetooth to **mPWRD-OS** devices only, using their own protocol — it does not configure Wi-Fi on an ordinary Meshtastic radio. It is available on both Android and desktop.

1. Open the screen and wait while the app finds the device over Bluetooth.
2. Tap **Scan for Networks**, then pick a network from **Available Networks** — or turn on **Hidden network** and type the name into **Network Name (SSID)**.
3. Enter the **Password** and tap **Apply**.

If the scan reports **No networks found** or fails outright, move the phone closer to the device and scan again. If **Failed to apply Wi-Fi configuration** comes back, check the password and try again.

## After Your First Connection

Being connected is not the same as being able to transmit.

A radio leaves the factory with no LoRa region set, and it does not transmit until you set one. When you connect such a radio, the **Connect** tab shows a **Set your region** card; tap it to open the LoRa screen and choose the region you are in.

Once the region is set, the tab warns you if the radio is receive-only: a **Transmit is disabled** card, reading "This device can receive but will not send anything over LoRa." Tap it to open the same screen and turn **Transmit Enabled** back on. Only one of the two cards appears at a time — an unset region already stops the radio transmitting, so the app names that first and holds the transmit card back until you have set a region.

For more information, see [Settings — Radio &amp; User](settings-radio-user#lora-config).

## Reconnection Behavior

The app reconnects to the last selected radio on startup. You can switch transports from the **Connect** tab at any time.

To disconnect, tap the disconnect button on the **Connect** tab:

![Katkesta ühendus raadioga](../../assets/screenshots/connections_disconnect.png)

## Desktop Connections

On Desktop (Linux/macOS/Windows), the app supports:

- **Sinihammas (BLE)** — Kable'i teegi kaudu; töötab macOS-is, Linuxis ja Windowsis
- **USB port** – peamine juhtmega ühendusmeetod
- **TCP/IP** – võrguühendusega raadiote jaoks

Platvormipõhiste üksikasjade ja kiirklahvide kohta vaata [Töölauarakendus] (desktop).

## Seotud teemad

- [Alustamine](onboarding) — esmakäivituse seadistamine ja load
- [Settings — Radio &amp; User](settings-radio-user) — Bluetooth, region, and network configuration
- [Messages &amp; Channels](messages-and-channels) — send your first message once the radio is connected
- [Nodes](nodes) — see who else is on your mesh
- [Desktop App](desktop) — desktop-specific connection details
- [Supported devices](https://meshtastic.org/docs/hardware/devices) — full list of compatible radios on meshtastic.org
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