From 2fc9d6107027619ca5f23ff34f6abe3f7d16aabc Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Karl Seguin <k@openmymind.io>
Date: Wed, 3 Jun 2026 11:06:24 +0800
Subject: [PATCH] Support for "module" type workers.

Pretty basic, worker started with the {type: 'module'} option has 2 practical
differences:
1 - importScript isn't allowed (TypeError)
2 - the initial script is loaded as a module

Seen in various WPT tests, but also saw this usage on mastodon.
---
 src/browser/js/Env.zig                    |  2 +-
 src/browser/tests/worker/module-worker.js | 25 +++++++++++++++
 src/browser/tests/worker/worker.html      | 23 ++++++++++++++
 src/browser/webapi/Worker.zig             | 38 ++++++++++++++++++-----
 src/browser/webapi/WorkerGlobalScope.zig  |  6 ++++
 5 files changed, 86 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 src/browser/tests/worker/module-worker.js

diff --git a/src/browser/js/Env.zig b/src/browser/js/Env.zig
index 45452ffc..1fa807f8 100644
--- a/src/browser/js/Env.zig
+++ b/src/browser/js/Env.zig
@@ -620,7 +620,7 @@ test "Env: Worker context " {
     const frame = try session.createPage();
     defer session.removePage();
 
-    const worker = try @import("../webapi/Worker.zig").init("http://localhost:9582/src/browser/tests/testing.js", frame);
+    const worker = try @import("../webapi/Worker.zig").init("http://localhost:9582/src/browser/tests/testing.js", null, frame);
 
     var ls: js.Local.Scope = undefined;
     worker._worker_scope.js.localScope(&ls);
diff --git a/src/browser/tests/worker/module-worker.js b/src/browser/tests/worker/module-worker.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..1b1aa7b6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/browser/tests/worker/module-worker.js
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+// A module worker (`new Worker(url, { type: "module" })`). Unlike a classic
+// worker, the entry script may use top-level static `import`/`export`, and
+// `importScripts()` is not supported (it throws a TypeError).
+import { baseValue } from './modules/base.js';
+import { importedValue, localValue } from './modules/importer.js';
+
+export const exported = 'top-level-export-ok';
+
+let importScriptsError = null;
+try {
+  importScripts('./import-script1.js');
+} catch (e) {
+  importScriptsError = e.constructor.name;
+}
+
+onmessage = function (event) {
+  postMessage({
+    echo: event.data,
+    baseValue: baseValue,
+    importedValue: importedValue,
+    localValue: localValue,
+    importScriptsError: importScriptsError,
+    from: 'module-worker',
+  });
+};
diff --git a/src/browser/tests/worker/worker.html b/src/browser/tests/worker/worker.html
index cabe5d14..881c6b6c 100644
--- a/src/browser/tests/worker/worker.html
+++ b/src/browser/tests/worker/worker.html
@@ -380,6 +380,29 @@
   }
 </script>
 
+<script id="worker_module_type" type=module>
+  // A module-type worker: its entry script uses top-level static import (only
+  // valid in module workers), and importScripts() throws a TypeError.
+  {
+    const state = await testing.async();
+    const worker = new Worker('./module-worker.js', { type: 'module' });
+
+    worker.onmessage = function(event) {
+      state.resolve(event.data);
+    };
+    worker.postMessage({ greeting: 'to-module' });
+
+    await state.done((response) => {
+      testing.expectEqual('to-module', response.echo.greeting);
+      testing.expectEqual('module-worker', response.from);
+      testing.expectEqual('from-base', response.baseValue);
+      testing.expectEqual('from-base', response.importedValue);
+      testing.expectEqual('local', response.localValue);
+      testing.expectEqual('TypeError', response.importScriptsError);
+    });
+  }
+</script>
+
 <script id="worker_from_blob_url" type=module>
   // A blob: worker resolves its initial script through the HTTP client's
   // synthetic-scheme path against the frame's blob registry, like any URL.
diff --git a/src/browser/webapi/Worker.zig b/src/browser/webapi/Worker.zig
index f0fe64c2..a9b1b0c9 100644
--- a/src/browser/webapi/Worker.zig
+++ b/src/browser/webapi/Worker.zig
@@ -36,6 +36,12 @@ const IS_DEBUG = @import("builtin").mode == .Debug;
 
 const Worker = @This();
 
+pub const WorkerType = enum {
+    classic,
+    module,
+    pub const js_enum_from_string = true;
+};
+
 // used by HttpClient when generating notification
 // Ultimately used by CDP to generate request/loader ids.
 _frame_id: u32,
@@ -47,6 +53,7 @@ _arena: Allocator,
 _worker_scope: *WorkerGlobalScope,
 
 _url: [:0]const u8,
+_type: WorkerType = .classic,
 _script_loaded: bool = false,
 _script_buffer: std.ArrayList(u8) = .empty,
 _http_response: ?HttpClient.Response = null,
@@ -56,7 +63,11 @@ _on_error: ?js.Function.Global = null,
 _on_message: ?js.Function.Global = null,
 _on_messageerror: ?js.Function.Global = null,
 
-pub fn init(url: []const u8, frame: *Frame) !*Worker {
+const WorkerOptions = struct {
+    type: WorkerType = .classic,
+};
+
+pub fn init(url: []const u8, options: ?WorkerOptions, frame: *Frame) !*Worker {
     const session = frame._session;
 
     const arena = try session.getArena(.large, "Worker");
@@ -68,6 +79,7 @@ pub fn init(url: []const u8, frame: *Frame) !*Worker {
         ._proto = undefined,
         ._frame = frame,
         ._url = resolved_url,
+        ._type = if (options) |o| o.type else .classic,
         ._worker_scope = undefined,
         ._frame_id = session.nextFrameId(),
         ._loader_id = session.nextLoaderId(),
@@ -195,12 +207,24 @@ fn loadInitialScript(self: *Worker, script: []const u8) !void {
     try_catch.init(&ls.local);
     defer try_catch.deinit();
 
-    _ = ls.local.eval(script, self._url) catch |err| {
-        const caught = try_catch.caughtOrError(self._arena, err);
-        log.err(.browser, "worker script error", .{ .url = self._url, .caught = caught });
-        self.fireErrorEvent(caught.exception orelse @errorName(err), null);
-        return;
-    };
+    // Classic workers evaluate the entry script as a classic script; module
+    // workers (`new Worker(url, { type: "module" })`) instantiate it as a
+    // module so top-level `import`/`export` work. Static imports load
+    // synchronously through ScriptManagerBase (client.tick sync_wait).
+    switch (self._type) {
+        .classic => _ = ls.local.eval(script, self._url) catch |err| {
+            const caught = try_catch.caughtOrError(self._arena, err);
+            log.err(.browser, "worker script error", .{ .url = self._url, .caught = caught });
+            self.fireErrorEvent(caught.exception orelse @errorName(err), null);
+            return;
+        },
+        .module => self._worker_scope.js.module(false, &ls.local, script, self._url, true) catch |err| {
+            const caught = try_catch.caughtOrError(self._arena, err);
+            log.err(.browser, "worker module error", .{ .url = self._url, .caught = caught });
+            self.fireErrorEvent(caught.exception orelse @errorName(err), null);
+            return;
+        },
+    }
 
     ls.local.runMacrotasks();
 }
diff --git a/src/browser/webapi/WorkerGlobalScope.zig b/src/browser/webapi/WorkerGlobalScope.zig
index 3a3608c0..2955777b 100644
--- a/src/browser/webapi/WorkerGlobalScope.zig
+++ b/src/browser/webapi/WorkerGlobalScope.zig
@@ -430,6 +430,12 @@ pub fn close(self: *WorkerGlobalScope) void {
 }
 
 pub fn importScripts(self: *WorkerGlobalScope, urls: []const [:0]const u8) !void {
+    if (self._worker._type == .module) {
+        // not allowed to be called when the worker type is module (scripts should
+        // use actual imports).
+        return error.TypeError;
+    }
+
     const session = self._session;
     const arena = try session.getArena(.large, "importScript");
     defer session.releaseArena(arena);