package fastcgi

import (
	"context"
	"net"
	"net/http"
	"net/http/httptest"
	"strings"
	"testing"

	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"

	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2"
	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/modules/caddyhttp"
)

func TestProvisionSplitPath(t *testing.T) {
	tests := []struct {
		name          string
		splitPath     []string
		wantErr       error
		wantSplitPath []string
	}{
		{
			name:          "valid lowercase split path",
			splitPath:     []string{".php"},
			wantErr:       nil,
			wantSplitPath: []string{".php"},
		},
		{
			name:          "valid uppercase split path normalized",
			splitPath:     []string{".PHP"},
			wantErr:       nil,
			wantSplitPath: []string{".php"},
		},
		{
			name:          "valid mixed case split path normalized",
			splitPath:     []string{".PhP", ".PHTML"},
			wantErr:       nil,
			wantSplitPath: []string{".php", ".phtml"},
		},
		{
			name:          "empty split path",
			splitPath:     []string{},
			wantErr:       nil,
			wantSplitPath: []string{},
		},
		{
			name:      "non-ASCII character in split path rejected",
			splitPath: []string{".php", ".Ⱥphp"},
			wantErr:   ErrInvalidSplitPath,
		},
		{
			name:      "unicode character in split path rejected",
			splitPath: []string{".phpⱥ"},
			wantErr:   ErrInvalidSplitPath,
		},
	}

	for _, tt := range tests {
		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
			tr := Transport{SplitPath: tt.splitPath}
			err := tr.Provision(caddy.Context{})

			if tt.wantErr != nil {
				require.ErrorIs(t, err, tt.wantErr)

				return
			}

			require.NoError(t, err)
			assert.Equal(t, tt.wantSplitPath, tr.SplitPath)
		})
	}
}

func TestSplitPos(t *testing.T) {
	tests := []struct {
		name      string
		path      string
		splitPath []string
		wantPos   int
	}{
		{
			name:      "simple php extension",
			path:      "/path/to/script.php",
			splitPath: []string{".php"},
			wantPos:   19,
		},
		{
			name:      "php extension with path info",
			path:      "/path/to/script.php/some/path",
			splitPath: []string{".php"},
			wantPos:   19,
		},
		{
			name:      "case insensitive match",
			path:      "/path/to/script.PHP",
			splitPath: []string{".php"},
			wantPos:   19,
		},
		{
			name:      "mixed case match",
			path:      "/path/to/script.PhP/info",
			splitPath: []string{".php"},
			wantPos:   19,
		},
		{
			name:      "no match",
			path:      "/path/to/script.txt",
			splitPath: []string{".php"},
			wantPos:   -1,
		},
		{
			name:      "empty split path",
			path:      "/path/to/script.php",
			splitPath: []string{},
			wantPos:   0,
		},
		{
			name:      "multiple split paths first match",
			path:      "/path/to/script.php",
			splitPath: []string{".php", ".phtml"},
			wantPos:   19,
		},
		{
			name:      "multiple split paths second match",
			path:      "/path/to/script.phtml",
			splitPath: []string{".php", ".phtml"},
			wantPos:   21,
		},
		// Unicode case-folding tests (security fix for GHSA-g966-83w7-6w38)
		// U+023A (Ⱥ) lowercases to U+2C65 (ⱥ), which has different UTF-8 byte length
		// Ⱥ: 2 bytes (C8 BA), ⱥ: 3 bytes (E2 B1 A5)
		{
			name:      "unicode path with case-folding length expansion",
			path:      "/ȺȺȺȺshell.php",
			splitPath: []string{".php"},
			wantPos:   18, // correct position in original string
		},
		{
			name:      "unicode path with extension after expansion chars",
			path:      "/ȺȺȺȺshell.php/path/info",
			splitPath: []string{".php"},
			wantPos:   18,
		},
		{
			name:      "unicode in filename with multiple php occurrences",
			path:      "/ȺȺȺȺshell.php.txt.php",
			splitPath: []string{".php"},
			wantPos:   18, // should match first .php, not be confused by byte offset shift
		},
		{
			name:      "unicode case insensitive extension",
			path:      "/ȺȺȺȺshell.PHP",
			splitPath: []string{".php"},
			wantPos:   18,
		},
		{
			name:      "unicode in middle of path",
			path:      "/path/Ⱥtest/script.php",
			splitPath: []string{".php"},
			wantPos:   23, // Ⱥ is 2 bytes, so path is 23 bytes total, .php ends at byte 23
		},
		{
			name:      "unicode only in directory not filename",
			path:      "/Ⱥ/script.php",
			splitPath: []string{".php"},
			wantPos:   14,
		},
		// Additional Unicode characters that expand when lowercased
		// U+0130 (İ - Turkish capital I with dot) lowercases to U+0069 + U+0307
		{
			name:      "turkish capital I with dot",
			path:      "/İtest.php",
			splitPath: []string{".php"},
			wantPos:   11,
		},
		// Ensure standard ASCII still works correctly
		{
			name:      "ascii only path with case variation",
			path:      "/PATH/TO/SCRIPT.PHP/INFO",
			splitPath: []string{".php"},
			wantPos:   19,
		},
		{
			name:      "path at root",
			path:      "/index.php",
			splitPath: []string{".php"},
			wantPos:   10,
		},
		{
			name:      "extension in middle of filename",
			path:      "/test.php.bak",
			splitPath: []string{".php"},
			wantPos:   9,
		},
		// Regression tests adapted from FrankenPHP advisories
		// GHSA-3g8v-8r37-cgjm and GHSA-v4h7-cj44-8fc8: search.IgnoreCase
		// matched Unicode equivalents of ASCII letters as ".php", and an
		// inner non-ASCII byte path could leave the match flag stale.
		{
			name:      "non-ascii byte after dot must not match",
			path:      "/PoC-match-unset.¡.txt",
			splitPath: []string{".php"},
			wantPos:   -1,
		},
		{
			name:      "non-ascii byte mid-extension must not match",
			path:      "/script.p\xc2\xa1p",
			splitPath: []string{".php"},
			wantPos:   -1,
		},
		{
			name:      "small full stop ﹒ in extension must not match",
			path:      "/shell﹒php",
			splitPath: []string{".php"},
			wantPos:   -1,
		},
		{
			name:      "fullwidth full stop ． in extension must not match",
			path:      "/shell．php",
			splitPath: []string{".php"},
			wantPos:   -1,
		},
		{
			name:      "fullwidth p in extension must not match",
			path:      "/shell.ｐhp",
			splitPath: []string{".php"},
			wantPos:   -1,
		},
		{
			name:      "circled php must not match",
			path:      "/shell.ⓟⓗⓟ",
			splitPath: []string{".php"},
			wantPos:   -1,
		},
		{
			name:      "mathematical sans-serif bold php must not match",
			path:      "/shell.\U0001D5FD\U0001D5F5\U0001D5FD",
			splitPath: []string{".php"},
			wantPos:   -1,
		},
		{
			name:      "mathematical script php must not match",
			path:      "/shell.\U0001D4C5\U0001D4BD\U0001D4C5",
			splitPath: []string{".php"},
			wantPos:   -1,
		},
		{
			name:      "circled php with later real php still picks the real one",
			path:      "/shell.ⓟⓗⓟ.anything-after-payload.php",
			splitPath: []string{".php"},
			// "/shell." (7) + "ⓟⓗⓟ" (3*3 bytes) + ".anything-after-payload.php" (27) = 43
			wantPos: 43,
		},
	}

	for _, tt := range tests {
		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
			gotPos := Transport{SplitPath: tt.splitPath}.splitPos(tt.path)
			assert.Equal(t, tt.wantPos, gotPos, "splitPos(%q, %v)", tt.path, tt.splitPath)

			// Verify that the split produces valid substrings
			if gotPos > 0 && gotPos <= len(tt.path) {
				scriptName := tt.path[:gotPos]
				pathInfo := tt.path[gotPos:]

				// The script name should end with one of the split extensions (case-insensitive)
				hasValidEnding := false
				for _, split := range tt.splitPath {
					if strings.HasSuffix(strings.ToLower(scriptName), split) {
						hasValidEnding = true
						break
					}
				}
				assert.True(t, hasValidEnding, "script name %q should end with one of %v", scriptName, tt.splitPath)

				// Original path should be reconstructable
				assert.Equal(t, tt.path, scriptName+pathInfo, "path should be reconstructable from split parts")
			}
		})
	}
}

// TestSplitPosUnicodeSecurityRegression specifically tests the vulnerability
// described in GHSA-g966-83w7-6w38 where Unicode case-folding caused
// incorrect SCRIPT_NAME/PATH_INFO splitting
func TestSplitPosUnicodeSecurityRegression(t *testing.T) {
	// U+023A: Ⱥ (UTF-8: C8 BA). Lowercase is ⱥ (UTF-8: E2 B1 A5), longer in bytes.
	path := "/ȺȺȺȺshell.php.txt.php"
	split := []string{".php"}

	pos := Transport{SplitPath: split}.splitPos(path)

	// The vulnerable code would return 22 (computed on lowercased string)
	// The correct code should return 18 (position in original string)
	expectedPos := strings.Index(path, ".php") + len(".php")
	assert.Equal(t, expectedPos, pos, "split position should match first .php in original string")
	assert.Equal(t, 18, pos, "split position should be 18, not 22")

	if pos > 0 && pos <= len(path) {
		scriptName := path[:pos]
		pathInfo := path[pos:]

		assert.Equal(t, "/ȺȺȺȺshell.php", scriptName, "script name should be the path up to first .php")
		assert.Equal(t, ".txt.php", pathInfo, "path info should be the remainder after first .php")
	}
}

// TestHeaderNameReplacer asserts the CGI header-to-env normalization rule:
// hyphens are mapped to underscores while every other character (including
// spaces and dots) is passed through. Spaces are not RFC 7230 tokens, so they
// cannot reach this function from the wire; the only header names that
// survive untouched at the server layer are sanitized by the underscore/dot
// filter in caddyhttp.Server.serveHTTP (see GHSA-f59h-q822-g45g,
// GHSA-49wc-4hcv-v58q).
func TestHeaderNameReplacer(t *testing.T) {
	tests := []struct {
		in, want string
	}{
		{"X-Forwarded-For", "X_Forwarded_For"},
		{"Remote-User", "Remote_User"},
		// Underscores are preserved (the server has already dropped any
		// underscore-named headers when the filter is on).
		{"Remote_User", "Remote_User"},
		// Dots are preserved by this replacer too; the server-layer filter is
		// what prevents a dotted alias (e.g. Remote.User) from reaching here.
		{"Remote.User", "Remote.User"},
		// Spaces are not rewritten because Go's HTTP parser rejects whitespace in
		// header field names.
		{"Foo Bar", "Foo Bar"},
	}
	for _, tt := range tests {
		assert.Equal(t, tt.want, headerNameReplacer.Replace(tt.in), "input %q", tt.in)
	}
}

// TestSplitPosSecurityRegressionUnicodeBypass guards against the FrankenPHP
// advisories GHSA-3g8v-8r37-cgjm (uninitialized match flag on inner non-ASCII
// byte) and GHSA-v4h7-cj44-8fc8 (Unicode equivalence via search.IgnoreCase
// folding fullwidth/mathematical/circled letters onto ASCII). Every payload
// below produced a false positive in the vulnerable implementation; none
// must match here.
func TestSplitPosSecurityRegressionUnicodeBypass(t *testing.T) {
	t.Parallel()

	tr := Transport{SplitPath: []string{".php"}}
	payloads := []string{
		"/PoC-match-unset.¡.txt",                // GHSA-3g8v: stale match=true on IndexString fallback
		"/shell﹒php",                            // U+FE52 small full stop
		"/shell．php",                            // U+FF0E fullwidth full stop
		"/shell.ｐhp",                            // U+FF50 fullwidth p
		"/shell.pｈp",                            // U+FF48 fullwidth h
		"/shell.phｐ",                            // U+FF50 fullwidth p (trailing)
		"/shell.\U0001D5C1\U0001D5B5\U0001D5C1", // mathematical sans-serif p/h
		"/shell.\U0001D5FD\U0001D5F5\U0001D5FD", // mathematical sans-serif bold p/h
		"/shell.\U0001D4C5\U0001D4BD\U0001D4C5", // mathematical script p/h
		"/shell.ⓟⓗⓟ",                            // circled latin small
	}

	for _, p := range payloads {
		assert.Equalf(t, -1, tr.splitPos(p), "payload %q must not be detected as .php", p)
	}
}

func TestBuildEnvServerAddr(t *testing.T) {
	testCases := []struct {
		name         string
		localAddr    net.Addr
		envVars      map[string]string
		expectedAddr string
		expectExists bool
	}{
		{
			name:         "IPv4 TCP listener",
			localAddr:    &net.TCPAddr{IP: net.ParseIP("10.0.0.12"), Port: 80},
			expectedAddr: "10.0.0.12",
			expectExists: true,
		},
		{
			name:         "IPv6 TCP listener",
			localAddr:    &net.TCPAddr{IP: net.ParseIP("2001:db8::1"), Port: 443},
			expectedAddr: "2001:db8::1",
			expectExists: true,
		},
		{
			name:         "Missing local address context",
			localAddr:    nil,
			expectExists: false,
		},
		{
			name:         "Unix listener",
			localAddr:    &net.UnixAddr{Name: "/var/run/caddy.sock", Net: "unix"},
			expectExists: false,
		},
		{
			name:         "Explicitly configured SERVER_ADDR override",
			localAddr:    &net.TCPAddr{IP: net.ParseIP("10.0.0.12"), Port: 80},
			envVars:      map[string]string{"SERVER_ADDR": "192.168.1.100"},
			expectedAddr: "192.168.1.100",
			expectExists: true,
		},
	}

	for _, tc := range testCases {
		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
			tr := Transport{
				Root:    "/var/www",
				EnvVars: tc.envVars,
			}
			err := tr.Provision(caddy.Context{})
			require.NoError(t, err)

			req, err := http.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, "http://localhost/index.php", nil)
			require.NoError(t, err)

			req = req.WithContext(context.WithValue(req.Context(), caddyhttp.OriginalRequestCtxKey, *req))
			repl := caddy.NewReplacer()
			req = req.WithContext(context.WithValue(req.Context(), caddy.ReplacerCtxKey, repl))

			if tc.localAddr != nil {
				req = req.WithContext(context.WithValue(req.Context(), http.LocalAddrContextKey, tc.localAddr))
			}

			env, err := tr.buildEnv(req)
			require.NoError(t, err)

			val, exists := env["SERVER_ADDR"]
			assert.Equal(t, tc.expectExists, exists)
			if tc.expectExists {
				assert.Equal(t, tc.expectedAddr, val)
			}
		})
	}
}

// TestBuildEnvDropsProxyHeader guards against the HTTPoxy vulnerability
// (CVE-2016-5385): a client-supplied `Proxy` request header must never be
// translated into the HTTP_PROXY environment variable, since many HTTP client
// libraries used by FastCGI backends honor HTTP_PROXY for outbound requests,
// which would let an attacker hijack the backend's traffic.
// See https://httpoxy.org.
func TestBuildEnvDropsProxyHeader(t *testing.T) {
	t.Parallel()

	newRequest := func(headers http.Header) *http.Request {
		r := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, "http://example.com/index.php", nil)
		// Set the header map directly so non-canonical casing is preserved,
		// mimicking a header that reaches buildEnv unmodified.
		r.Header = headers
		ctx := context.WithValue(r.Context(), caddy.ReplacerCtxKey, caddy.NewReplacer())
		ctx = context.WithValue(ctx, caddyhttp.VarsCtxKey, map[string]any{})
		ctx = context.WithValue(ctx, caddyhttp.OriginalRequestCtxKey, *r)
		return r.WithContext(ctx)
	}

	for _, casing := range []string{"Proxy", "proxy", "pRoXy", "PROXY"} {
		t.Run("casing "+casing, func(t *testing.T) {
			r := newRequest(http.Header{
				casing:       []string{"http://attacker.example:8080"},
				"X-Safe-Hdr": []string{"kept"},
			})

			env, err := Transport{}.buildEnv(r)
			require.NoError(t, err)

			assert.NotContains(t, env, "HTTP_PROXY", "HTTP_PROXY must never be set from a client header")
			// Sanity check that unrelated headers are still forwarded, i.e. the
			// filter is narrow and doesn't break normal header passthrough.
			assert.Equal(t, "kept", env["HTTP_X_SAFE_HDR"])
		})
	}

	t.Run("configured HTTP_PROXY is preserved", func(t *testing.T) {
		// The filter must only drop the *client* header; an explicitly
		// configured env var is trusted and must survive.
		r := newRequest(http.Header{"Proxy": []string{"http://attacker.example:8080"}})

		tr := Transport{EnvVars: map[string]string{"HTTP_PROXY": "http://trusted.example:3128"}}
		env, err := tr.buildEnv(r)
		require.NoError(t, err)

		assert.Equal(t, "http://trusted.example:3128", env["HTTP_PROXY"])
	})
}