diff --git a/.github/actions/typecheck/action.yml b/.github/actions/typecheck/action.yml
deleted file mode 100644
index cd52d6e32..000000000
--- a/.github/actions/typecheck/action.yml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
-name: Type Check
-
-description: "Run type checker"
-
-runs:
-  using: "composite"
-  steps:
-    - name: Run type checker
-      run: |
-        nix --extra-experimental-features nix-command --extra-experimental-features flakes develop -c just sync
-        nix --extra-experimental-features nix-command --extra-experimental-features flakes develop -c just check
-      shell: bash
diff --git a/.github/workflows/pipeline.yml b/.github/workflows/pipeline.yml
index 7f6c5f04e..dc93f2ad8 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/pipeline.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/pipeline.yml
@@ -26,73 +26,14 @@ jobs:
           name: exo
           authToken: "${{ secrets.CACHIX_AUTH_TOKEN }}"
 
-      - name: Configure git user
-        run: |
-          git config --local user.email "github-actions@users.noreply.github.com"
-          git config --local user.name  "github-actions bot"
-        shell: bash
+      - name: Load nix develop environment
+        run: nix run github:nicknovitski/nix-develop/v1
 
-      - name: Pull LFS files
-        run: |
-          echo "Pulling Git LFS files..."
-          git lfs pull
-        shell: bash
+      - name: Sync dependencies
+        run: uv sync --all-packages
 
-      - name: Setup Nix Environment
-        run: |
-          echo "Checking for nix installation..."
-          
-          # Check if nix binary exists directly
-          if [ -f /nix/var/nix/profiles/default/bin/nix ]; then
-            echo "Found nix binary at /nix/var/nix/profiles/default/bin/nix"
-            export PATH="/nix/var/nix/profiles/default/bin:$PATH"
-            echo "PATH=$PATH" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-            nix --version
-          elif [ -f /nix/var/nix/profiles/default/etc/profile.d/nix-daemon.sh ]; then
-            echo "Found nix profile script, sourcing..."
-            source /nix/var/nix/profiles/default/etc/profile.d/nix-daemon.sh
-            nix --version
-          elif command -v nix >/dev/null 2>&1; then
-            echo "Nix already in PATH"
-            nix --version
-          else
-            echo "Nix not found. Debugging info:"
-            echo "Contents of /nix/var/nix/profiles/default/:"
-            ls -la /nix/var/nix/profiles/default/ 2>/dev/null || echo "Directory not found"
-            echo "Contents of /nix/var/nix/profiles/default/bin/:"
-            ls -la /nix/var/nix/profiles/default/bin/ 2>/dev/null || echo "Directory not found"
-            exit 1
-          fi
-        shell: bash
-
-      - name: Configure basedpyright include for local MLX
-        run: |
-          RUNNER_LABELS='${{ toJSON(runner.labels) }}'
-          if echo "$RUNNER_LABELS" | grep -q "local_mlx"; then
-            if [ -d "/Users/Shared/mlx" ]; then
-              echo "Updating [tool.basedpyright].include to use /Users/Shared/mlx"
-              awk '
-                BEGIN { in=0 }
-                /^\[tool\.basedpyright\]/ { in=1; print; next }
-                in && /^\[/ { in=0 }  # next section
-                in && /^[ \t]*include[ \t]*=/ {
-                  print "include = [\"/Users/Shared/mlx\"]"
-                  next
-                }
-                { print }
-              ' pyproject.toml > pyproject.toml.tmp && mv pyproject.toml.tmp pyproject.toml
-
-              echo "New [tool.basedpyright] section:"
-              sed -n '/^\[tool\.basedpyright\]/,/^\[/p' pyproject.toml | sed '$d' || true
-            else
-              echo "local_mlx tag present but /Users/Shared/mlx not found; leaving pyproject unchanged."
-            fi
-          else
-            echo "Runner does not have 'local_mlx' tag; leaving pyproject unchanged."
-          fi
-        shell: bash
-
-      - uses: ./.github/actions/typecheck
+      - name: Run type checker
+        run: uv run basedpyright --project pyproject.toml
 
   nix:
     name: Build and check (${{ matrix.system }})
@@ -191,3 +132,14 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Run nix flake check
         run: nix flake check
+
+      - name: Run pytest (macOS only)
+        if: runner.os == 'macOS'
+        run: |
+          # Build the test environment (requires relaxed sandbox for uv2nix on macOS)
+          TEST_ENV=$(nix build '.#exo-test-env' --option sandbox relaxed --print-out-paths)
+
+          # Run pytest outside sandbox (needs GPU access for MLX)
+          export HOME="$RUNNER_TEMP"
+          export EXO_TESTS=1
+          $TEST_ENV/bin/python -m pytest src -m "not slow" --import-mode=importlib
diff --git a/flake.lock b/flake.lock
index 3c7b28e1f..86fb6e605 100644
--- a/flake.lock
+++ b/flake.lock
@@ -21,7 +21,9 @@
           "nixpkgs"
         ],
         "purescript-overlay": "purescript-overlay",
-        "pyproject-nix": "pyproject-nix"
+        "pyproject-nix": [
+          "pyproject-nix"
+        ]
       },
       "locked": {
         "lastModified": 1765953015,
@@ -149,19 +151,44 @@
         "type": "github"
       }
     },
+    "pyproject-build-systems": {
+      "inputs": {
+        "nixpkgs": [
+          "nixpkgs"
+        ],
+        "pyproject-nix": [
+          "pyproject-nix"
+        ],
+        "uv2nix": [
+          "uv2nix"
+        ]
+      },
+      "locked": {
+        "lastModified": 1763662255,
+        "narHash": "sha256-4bocaOyLa3AfiS8KrWjZQYu+IAta05u3gYZzZ6zXbT0=",
+        "owner": "pyproject-nix",
+        "repo": "build-system-pkgs",
+        "rev": "042904167604c681a090c07eb6967b4dd4dae88c",
+        "type": "github"
+      },
+      "original": {
+        "owner": "pyproject-nix",
+        "repo": "build-system-pkgs",
+        "type": "github"
+      }
+    },
     "pyproject-nix": {
       "inputs": {
         "nixpkgs": [
-          "dream2nix",
           "nixpkgs"
         ]
       },
       "locked": {
-        "lastModified": 1763017646,
-        "narHash": "sha256-Z+R2lveIp6Skn1VPH3taQIuMhABg1IizJd8oVdmdHsQ=",
+        "lastModified": 1764134915,
+        "narHash": "sha256-xaKvtPx6YAnA3HQVp5LwyYG1MaN4LLehpQI8xEdBvBY=",
         "owner": "pyproject-nix",
         "repo": "pyproject.nix",
-        "rev": "47bd6f296502842643078d66128f7b5e5370790c",
+        "rev": "2c8df1383b32e5443c921f61224b198a2282a657",
         "type": "github"
       },
       "original": {
@@ -178,7 +205,10 @@
         "flake-parts": "flake-parts",
         "nixpkgs": "nixpkgs",
         "nixpkgs-swift": "nixpkgs-swift",
-        "treefmt-nix": "treefmt-nix"
+        "pyproject-build-systems": "pyproject-build-systems",
+        "pyproject-nix": "pyproject-nix",
+        "treefmt-nix": "treefmt-nix",
+        "uv2nix": "uv2nix"
       }
     },
     "rust-analyzer-src": {
@@ -239,6 +269,29 @@
         "repo": "treefmt-nix",
         "type": "github"
       }
+    },
+    "uv2nix": {
+      "inputs": {
+        "nixpkgs": [
+          "nixpkgs"
+        ],
+        "pyproject-nix": [
+          "pyproject-nix"
+        ]
+      },
+      "locked": {
+        "lastModified": 1767701098,
+        "narHash": "sha256-CJhKZnWb3gumR9oTRjFvCg/6lYTGbZRU7xtvcyWIRwU=",
+        "owner": "pyproject-nix",
+        "repo": "uv2nix",
+        "rev": "9d357f0d2ce6f5f35ec7959d7e704452352eb4da",
+        "type": "github"
+      },
+      "original": {
+        "owner": "pyproject-nix",
+        "repo": "uv2nix",
+        "type": "github"
+      }
     }
   },
   "root": "root",
diff --git a/flake.nix b/flake.nix
index c7d60ab9c..f1281bb88 100644
--- a/flake.nix
+++ b/flake.nix
@@ -24,6 +24,26 @@
     dream2nix = {
       url = "github:nix-community/dream2nix";
       inputs.nixpkgs.follows = "nixpkgs";
+      inputs.pyproject-nix.follows = "pyproject-nix";
+    };
+
+    # Python packaging with uv2nix
+    pyproject-nix = {
+      url = "github:pyproject-nix/pyproject.nix";
+      inputs.nixpkgs.follows = "nixpkgs";
+    };
+
+    uv2nix = {
+      url = "github:pyproject-nix/uv2nix";
+      inputs.pyproject-nix.follows = "pyproject-nix";
+      inputs.nixpkgs.follows = "nixpkgs";
+    };
+
+    pyproject-build-systems = {
+      url = "github:pyproject-nix/build-system-pkgs";
+      inputs.pyproject-nix.follows = "pyproject-nix";
+      inputs.uv2nix.follows = "uv2nix";
+      inputs.nixpkgs.follows = "nixpkgs";
     };
 
     # Pinned nixpkgs for swift-format (swift is broken on x86_64-linux in newer nixpkgs)
@@ -48,6 +68,7 @@
         inputs.treefmt-nix.flakeModule
         ./dashboard/parts.nix
         ./rust/parts.nix
+        ./python/parts.nix
       ];
 
       perSystem =
@@ -88,12 +109,6 @@
             };
           };
 
-          checks.lint = pkgs.runCommand "lint-check" { } ''
-            export RUFF_CACHE_DIR="$TMPDIR/ruff-cache"
-            ${pkgs.ruff}/bin/ruff check ${inputs.self}/
-            touch $out
-          '';
-
           packages = lib.optionalAttrs pkgs.stdenv.hostPlatform.isDarwin (
             let
               uvLock = builtins.fromTOML (builtins.readFile ./uv.lock);
diff --git a/python/parts.nix b/python/parts.nix
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b777be953
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python/parts.nix
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+{ inputs, ... }:
+{
+  perSystem =
+    { config, self', pkgs, lib, system, ... }:
+    let
+      # Load workspace from uv.lock
+      workspace = inputs.uv2nix.lib.workspace.loadWorkspace {
+        workspaceRoot = inputs.self;
+      };
+
+      # Create overlay from workspace
+      # Use wheels from PyPI for most packages; we override mlx with our pure Nix Metal build
+      overlay = workspace.mkPyprojectOverlay { sourcePreference = "wheel"; };
+
+      # Override overlay to inject Nix-built components
+      exoOverlay = final: prev: {
+        # Replace workspace exo_pyo3_bindings with Nix-built wheel
+        exo-pyo3-bindings = pkgs.stdenv.mkDerivation {
+          pname = "exo-pyo3-bindings";
+          version = "0.1.0";
+          src = self'.packages.exo_pyo3_bindings;
+          # Install from pre-built wheel
+          nativeBuildInputs = [ final.pyprojectWheelHook ];
+          dontStrip = true;
+        };
+      };
+
+      python = pkgs.python313;
+
+      # Overlay to provide build systems and custom packages
+      buildSystemsOverlay = final: prev: {
+        # Use our pure Nix-built MLX with Metal support
+        mlx = self'.packages.mlx;
+
+        # mlx-lm is a git dependency that needs setuptools
+        mlx-lm = prev.mlx-lm.overrideAttrs (old: {
+          nativeBuildInputs = (old.nativeBuildInputs or [ ]) ++ [
+            final.setuptools
+          ];
+        });
+      };
+
+      pythonSet = (pkgs.callPackage inputs.pyproject-nix.build.packages {
+        inherit python;
+      }).overrideScope (
+        lib.composeManyExtensions [
+          inputs.pyproject-build-systems.overlays.default
+          overlay
+          exoOverlay
+          buildSystemsOverlay
+        ]
+      );
+      exoVenv = pythonSet.mkVirtualEnv "exo-env" workspace.deps.default;
+
+      # Virtual environment with dev dependencies for testing
+      testVenv = pythonSet.mkVirtualEnv "exo-test-env" (
+        workspace.deps.default // {
+          exo = [ "dev" ]; # Include pytest, pytest-asyncio, pytest-env
+        }
+      );
+
+      exoPackage = pkgs.runCommand "exo"
+        {
+          nativeBuildInputs = [ pkgs.makeWrapper ];
+        }
+        ''
+          mkdir -p $out/bin
+
+          # Create wrapper scripts
+          for script in exo exo-master exo-worker; do
+            makeWrapper ${exoVenv}/bin/$script $out/bin/$script \
+              --set DASHBOARD_DIR ${self'.packages.dashboard}
+          done
+        '';
+    in
+    {
+      # Python package only available on macOS (requires MLX/Metal)
+      packages = lib.optionalAttrs pkgs.stdenv.hostPlatform.isDarwin {
+        exo = exoPackage;
+        # Test environment for running pytest outside of Nix sandbox (needs GPU access)
+        exo-test-env = testVenv;
+      };
+
+      checks = {
+        # Ruff linting (works on all platforms)
+        lint = pkgs.runCommand "ruff-lint" { } ''
+          export RUFF_CACHE_DIR="$TMPDIR/ruff-cache"
+          ${pkgs.ruff}/bin/ruff check ${inputs.self}/
+          touch $out
+        '';
+      };
+    };
+}