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opensourcepos/INSTALL.md
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184918d914 fix(security): handle special characters in .env key values and improve insertion logic (#4656)
* fix(security): handle special characters in `.env` key values and improve insertion logic

- Escape backslashes and dollar signs in `applyEnvKeyReplacement` to prevent unintended value corruption.
- Ensure new keys are inserted after `encryption.key` for better organization and manageability.
- Add explicit cast to int to prevent wrong concatenation operator warning.

Signed-off-by: objecttothis <17935339+objecttothis@users.noreply.github.com>

* fix(security): handle null return in `applyEnvKeyReplacement` and ensure proper `.env` updates

- Update `applyEnvKeyReplacement` to return `null` on failure, improving error handling.
- Adjust calls to `atomicWriteFile` with updated content to prevent unintended behavior.

Signed-off-by: objecttothis <17935339+objecttothis@users.noreply.github.com>

* fix(security): improve error logging and exception messages in file locking

- Add detailed logging for file open and locking errors in `security_helper`.
- Remove unused `helper` and `checkThrottleEncryption` calls from `Events` for cleanup.

Signed-off-by: objecttothis <17935339+objecttothis@users.noreply.github.com>

* fix(security): improve atomic file write and handle encryption key placement

- Throw `RandomException` for better error reporting in `atomicWriteFile`.
- Simplify Windows-specific `rename()` fallback logic.
- Fix `encryption.key` assignment order to ensure consistency in `.env` updates.

Signed-off-by: objecttothis <17935339+objecttothis@users.noreply.github.com>

* fix(security): improve `.env` file handling and add unit tests for helper functions

- Suppress warnings in `file_get_contents` to prevent unnecessary error logs.
- Update `applyEnvKeyReplacement` to use `preg_replace_callback` for better safety.
- Add comprehensive unit tests for `security_helper` functions to ensure `.env` updates and key management work as expected.

Signed-off-by: objecttothis <17935339+objecttothis@users.noreply.github.com>

* fix(security): enhance `.env` update logic and add robust exception handling

- Add `RandomException` to improve error reporting in encryption key management.
- Introduce environment file locking for safer `.env` updates.
- Ensure `applyEnvKeyReplacement` properly handles and inserts old key comments.
- Replace direct file writes with `atomicWriteFile` for consistency.

Signed-off-by: objecttothis <17935339+objecttothis@users.noreply.github.com>

* fix(security): refactor `.env` file initialization and encryption key handling

- Introduce `initializeEnvFile` for reusable `.env` setup logic.
- Add `backupEnvFile` and `writeNewEncryptionKey` for robust key management with backups.
- Simplify and clean up redundant `.env` handling code paths.

Signed-off-by: objecttothis <17935339+objecttothis@users.noreply.github.com>

* fix(security): clarify `checkEncryption` docblock return value description

Signed-off-by: objecttothis <17935339+objecttothis@users.noreply.github.com>

* fix(security): escape backslashes and dollar signs in `applyEnvKeyReplacement`

- Ensure `applyEnvKeyReplacement` properly escapes special characters when inserting or appending `.env` keys.
- Add new unit tests to validate correct handling of backslashes and dollar signs.

Signed-off-by: objecttothis <17935339+objecttothis@users.noreply.github.com>

* fix(i18n): add localized error messages and improve error reporting in `security_helper`

- Add missing translations for error messages across multiple language files.
- Update `security_helper` to use localized exception messages with placeholders.

Signed-off-by: objecttothis <17935339+objecttothis@users.noreply.github.com>

* Redesign encryption/throttle key provisioning as read-only runtime

- checkEncryption()/checkThrottleEncryption() are now read-only guards that
  throw when no valid key is provisioned, instead of writing .env at
  request time.
- Add rotateEncryptionKey() and provisionThrottleKey() for explicit,
  idempotent provisioning.
- Add php spark env:provision (app/Commands/EnvProvision.php) so Docker can
  provision keys once at container startup before any request.
- Add app/Libraries/CI3SecretConverter.php shared CI3->CI4 secret converter
  (AES-128-CBC decrypt + CI4 re-encrypt/verify/save) used by both the
  interactive migration and the docker startup path.
- Refactor convertToCI4 migration to use the shared converter.
- Persist .env in a named volume and run spark env:provision on boot; stop
  baking .env into the shipped image.
- Add guard/rotation/throttle + converter tests; clean up orphaned
  msg_pwd_required language keys across all locales.

* fix: save CI4 ciphertext in env:provision and bind-mount a .env file

Addresses CodeRabbit review on PR #4656:

- env:provision CI3 branch was persisting *plaintext* secrets (saveAll($plain))
  instead of the CI4 ciphertext, unlike the ConvertToCI4 migration. Now
  encrypts with encryptAll(), verifies the round trip, and saves the ciphertext.
- The ospos_env named volume mounted at /app/.env made .env a directory, so
  atomicWriteFile's rename() failed and spark env:provision could not start apache.
  Switch to a bind mount of a host file (./.env) which persists and stays a file.
- Add a regression test asserting the command persists ciphertext (not plaintext).

* chore: trim redundant docblocks in EnvProvision and provision throttle.key in CI

Follow up on @objecttothis review comments:
- app/Commands/EnvProvision.php: remove the boilerplate docblocks the
  property names already convey (group/name/usage/description, run()),
  the two inline step comments, the anyNonEmpty() param docblock, and the
  legacySecretsPresent() docblock. Keeps the class-level docblock since it
  is the only place that states the read-only runtime design + the
  never-persist-plaintext invariant.
- .github/workflows/phpunit.yml: provision a per-run throttle.key the same
  way the encryption key is already provisioned. The PR makes
  checkThrottleEncryption() a read-only guard that throws when
  env('throttle.key') is unset; CI only started exporting ENCRYPTION_KEY,
  so every test that goes through the Throttle filter (7 ThrottleTest
  cases + 4 LoginTest cases) failed with
  "No throttle key is provisioned. Run `php spark env:provision`".
  Writing `throttle.key=<KEY>` into .env matches what
  `php spark env:provision` does on a real container start.

* fix(ci): write throttle.key into .env instead of exporting an OS env var

The previous attempt exported throttle.key via GITHUB_ENV, but CodeIgniter's
env() helper resolves in the order $_ENV[$key] ?? $_SERVER[$key] ?? getenv($key),
and DotEnv populates $_ENV['throttle.key'] from the .env file first. Because the
.env (copied from .env.example) ships with the empty placeholder throttle.key='',
that $_ENV entry exists as '' and short-circuits the ?? chain before getenv()
is reached — so the OS env var was never consulted and every Throttle/Login test
still threw 'No throttle key is provisioned'.

Write the per-run key into the .env file itself (sed-replacing the empty
placeholder), which is exactly what `php spark env:provision` does in
production and is the single source env() actually reads from.

Verify the replacement happened (grep -Eq '^throttle\.key=.') so a future change
to the placeholder format fails the run loudly instead of silently breaking
the 11 throttle-dependent tests.

* fix(security): restore CI3->CI4 auto-provisioning gated by .env writability

checkEncryption()/checkThrottleEncryption() again provision the keys
inline when .env is writable (empty key -> generate; short key -> decrypt,
rotate, re-encrypt, verify, persist legacy CI3 secrets). When .env is not
writable they assume the key was provisioned externally (e.g. docker
env:provision) and throw. Update helper tests to match and correct the
EnvProvision docblock that claimed the runtime was strictly read-only.

* test(security): make short-key conversion branch injectable and test it

checkEncryption() now accepts an optional CI3SecretConverter so the
CI3->CI4 conversion branch can be exercised in unit tests without a
database. Adds testCheckEncryptionConvertsCi3ShortKeyWhenEnvWritable
which seeds CI3-era ciphertexts via a fake Appconfig model and asserts
the key is rotated and the payload verifies back to the original
plaintext.

* fix(security): abort on backup/read/saveAll failure to avoid data loss

Three related data-integrity fixes:

- backupEnvFile() now returns true/false based on whether the backup
  actually exists and is readable. rotateEncryptionKey() aborts before
  destroying the key when the backup could not be written to disk.

- rotateEncryptionKey() and provisionThrottleKey() throw
  RuntimeException(Error.unable_to_read_env_file) when the .env read
  fails, instead of silently replacing the whole file with an empty
  string. This prevents a permission error from wiping all keys.

- checkEncryption() and EnvProvision::run() now both roll back to the
  backup with abortEncryptionConversion() when the post-rotation
  saveAll() throws, matching the migration path (which already did this).
  A failing fake Appconfig is used to exercise this in the new
  testCheckEncryptionRollsBackWhenSaveAllFails test.

* fix(ci): skip comment job in deploy-pr.yml when prepare was not run

The comment job had if: always(), so it ran even when the prepare job
was skipped (e.g. review was not approved). With PR_NUMBER empty the gh
api call posted to issues//comments, received a 404, and the entire run
showed up as failure. Guard the job with
needs.prepare.result == 'success' so it only runs when PR_NUMBER is valid.

* address coderabbit open items: placeholder guards, message neutrality, ar-EG alignment

- backupEnvFile(): fail when mkdir() or either chmod() fails, so the
  pre-rotation backup is actually persisted before the key is replaced
- email/message config views: only show the 'already set' placeholder when
  the secret is actually present (prevented false positives on fresh installs)
- Error.unable_to_create_env_file / .unable_to_read_env_file (en + en-GB):
  use key-neutral wording since both keys are provisioned with the same keys
- ar-EG/Error.php: align all => arrows on the longest key

Item 7 (filesystem test isolation) is a larger refactor — the tests are
serial on CI and tearDown() restores state per test. Left for follow-up.

* test(security): isolate helper FS tests via Config\SecurityEnv

Introduce Config\SecurityEnv holding envPath/backupPath/lockPath so the
security helper reads its target paths from shared configuration instead of
hardcoded ROOTPATH/WRITEPATH literals. security_helperTest.php now redirects
all three to a unique per-run sandbox under sys_get_temp_dir() and tears it
down in tearDown(), so the suite no longer reads/writes the repository's real
.env and is safe to run in parallel.

No helper signature changes; production callers unaffected.

Addresses CodeRabbit item 7 (issue #4700).

Co-Authored-By: opencode <bot@opencode.ai>

* fix(security): run key-conversion as one locked transaction

Address CodeRabbit Major findings from the 4th re-review of the env
helper and its callers:

1. Hold .env.lock for the entire CI3 -> CI4 conversion transaction
   (backup -> rotate -> re-encrypt -> verify -> persist -> cleanup) so a
   concurrent worker cannot interleave a key write between the rotation
   and the ciphertext save. Split rotateEncryptionKey into a lock-free
   core (rotateEncryptionKeyUnlock) plus the existing lock wrapper and a
   new rotateEncryptionKeyTransaction that owns the lock across the full
   unit and performs both the in-lock rollback (abortEncryptionConversion)
   and the in-lock backup removal on success.

2. Treat the legacy value '0' as non-empty data so key rotation still
   persists the re-encrypted ciphertext when '0' is the only stored
   secret (array_filter would have dropped it and skipped saveAll).

3. Wrap the post-rotation re-encrypt/verify/saveAll sequence in a
   catch (Throwable) across all three call-sites so CI4
   EncryptionException, ReflectionException from batch_save, a failed
   round-trip verify, and any other failure all roll the .env key back
   to the pre-rotation state.

4. In Docker Compose, use long-syntax bind with create_host_path: false
   and document in INSTALL.md that the host .env must be a regular file
   (a missing one is no longer auto-created as a directory, and the
   mount now rejects a missing source on Compose implementations that
   support the flag).

Files touched: app/Helpers/security_helper.php, app/Commands/EnvProvision.php,
app/Database/Migrations/20220127000000_convertToCI4.php, docker-compose.yml,
INSTALL.md. All 4 existing helper tests still pass via CI.

* fix(security): make abortEncryptionConversion fail loudly on restore failure

The rollback path restored the .env backup with a suppressed
file_put_contents() and an unchecked file_get_contents(). If the restore
failed after the key had already been rotated, .env was left holding the new
CI4 key while the DB still held CI3-era ciphertext, so the data became
undecryptable after the next restart.

Now the backup read is checked for false and the restore goes through the
existing atomicWriteFile() helper; either failure throws so the error is
surfaced instead of silently corrupting the config. Adds a regression test
that forces an unreadable backup and asserts the throw plus that .env is
left untouched.

* fix(security): guard abortEncryptionConversion backup read before touching it

Validate the backup is a regular readable file (is_file/is_readable) before
reading it, so a missing/malformed backup fails loudly instead of emitting a
file_get_contents() warning. The unreadable-backup regression test now
exercises this guard rather than relying on a promoted warning.

---------

Signed-off-by: objecttothis <17935339+objecttothis@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: jekkos <jeroen.peelaerts@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: jekkos <jekkos@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: opencode <bot@opencode.ai>
2026-09-21 17:35:45 +02:00

5.9 KiB

Server Requirements

  • PHP version 8.2 to 8.4 are supported, PHP version ≤ 8.1 is NOT supported. Please note that PHP needs to have the extensions php-json, php-gd, php-bcmath, php-intl, php-openssl, php-mbstring, php-curl and php-xml installed and enabled. An unstable master build can be downloaded in the releases section.
  • MySQL 5.7 is supported, also MariaDB replacement 10.x is supported and might offer better performance.
  • Apache 2.4 is supported. Nginx should work fine too, see wiki page here.
  • Raspberry PI based installations proved to work, see wiki page here.
  • For Windows based installations please read the wiki. There are closed issues about this subject, as this topic has been covered a lot.

Security Configuration

Allowed Hostnames (REQUIRED for Production)

⚠️ CRITICAL: OpenSourcePOS validates the Host header to prevent Host Header Injection attacks. You MUST configure app.allowedHostnames for production deployments. If not configured, the application will fail to start.

Add to your .env file:

# Comma-separated list of allowed hostnames (no protocols or ports)
app.allowedHostnames = 'yourdomain.com,www.yourdomain.com'

For local development:

app.allowedHostnames = 'localhost'

If you see this error at startup:

RuntimeException: Security: allowedHostnames is not configured.

Solution: Add app.allowedHostnames to your .env file with your domain(s).

Why this matters:

  • Prevents Host Header Injection attacks
  • Ensures URLs are generated with the correct domain
  • Fixes issue #4480: .env configuration now works via comma-separated values

HTTPS Behind Proxy

If your installation is behind a proxy with SSL offloading, set:

FORCE_HTTPS = true

Local install

First of all, if you're seeing the message system folder missing after launching your browser, that most likely means you have cloned the repository and have not built the project. To build the project from a source commit point instead of from an official release check out Building OSPOS. Otherwise, continue with the following steps.

  1. Download the a pre-release for a specific branch or the latest stable from GitHub here. A repository clone will not work unless know how to build the project.
  2. Create/locate a new MySQL database to install Open Source Point of Sale into.
  3. Unzip and upload Open Source Point of Sale files to the web-server.
  4. If .env does not exist, copy .env.example to .env.
  5. Open .env and modify credentials to connect to your database if needed.
  6. The database schema will be automatically created when you first access the application. Migrations run automatically on fresh installs.
  7. Go to your install public dir via the browser.
  8. Log in using
    • Username: admin
    • Password: pointofsale
  9. If everything works, then set the CI_ENVIRONMENT variable to production in the .env file
  10. Enjoy!
  11. Oops, an issue? Please make sure you read the FAQ, wiki page, and you checked open and closed issues on GitHub. PHP display_errors is disabled by default. Create an app/Config/.env file from the .env.example to enable it in a development environment.

Local install using Docker

OSPOS can be deployed using Docker on Linux, Mac, and Windows. Locally or on a host (server). This setup dramatically reduces the number of possible issues as all setup is now done in a Dockerfile. Docker runs natively on Mac and Linux. Windows requires WSL2 to be installed. Please refer to the Docker documentation for instructions on how to set it up on your platform.

Be aware that this setup is not suited for production usage! Change the default passwords in the compose file before exposing the containers publicly.

First create a regular .env file in the project root (a missing one is not auto-created as a file — see the compose create_host_path: false setting). Copy the shipped example:

    cp .env.example .env

Then start the containers:

    docker-compose up

Nginx install using Docker

Since OSPOS version 3.3.0 the Docker installation offers a reverse proxy based on Nginx with a Let's Encrypt TLS certificate termination (aka HTTPS connection). Let's Encrypt is a free certificate issuer, requiring a special installation that this Docker installation would take care of for you. Any Let's Encrypt TLS certificate renewal will be managed automatically, therefore there is no need to worry about those details.

Before starting your installation, you should edit the docker/.env file and configure it to contain the correct MySQL/MariaDB and phpMyAdmin passwords (don't use the defaults!). You will also need to register to Let's Encrypt. Configure your host domain name and Let's Encrypt email address in the docker/.env file. The variable STAGING needs to be set to 0 when you are confident your configuration is correct so that Let's Encrypt will issue a final proper TLS certificate.

Follow local install steps, but instead use

    docker/install-nginx.sh

Do not use below command on live deployments unless you want to tear everything down. All your disk content will be wiped!

    docker/uninstall.sh

Cloud install

If you choose DigitalOcean: Through this link, you will get a free $100, 60-day credit. Check the wiki for further instructions on how to install the necessary components.