diff --git a/.changeset/cute-cars-mix.md b/.changeset/cute-cars-mix.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..feca2769d8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.changeset/cute-cars-mix.md
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+---
+"@pnpm/fs.hard-link-dir": patch
+"pnpm": patch
+---
+
+Handle ENOENT errors thrown by `fs.linkSync()`, which can occur in containerized environments (OverlayFS) instead of EXDEV. The operation now gracefully falls back to `fs.copyFileSync()` in these cases [#10217](https://github.com/pnpm/pnpm/issues/10217).
diff --git a/fs/hard-link-dir/src/index.ts b/fs/hard-link-dir/src/index.ts
index 5d3a835c42..d5ec3670bb 100644
--- a/fs/hard-link-dir/src/index.ts
+++ b/fs/hard-link-dir/src/index.ts
@@ -92,7 +92,12 @@ function linkOrCopy (srcFile: string, destFile: string): void {
   try {
     gfs.linkSync(srcFile, destFile)
   } catch (err: unknown) {
-    if (!(util.types.isNativeError(err) && 'code' in err && err.code === 'EXDEV')) throw err
-    gfs.copyFileSync(srcFile, destFile)
+    // In some container environments (OverlayFS), linkSync throws ENOENT
+    // instead of EXDEV when linking across layers. We must fallback to copy in this case too.
+    if (util.types.isNativeError(err) && 'code' in err && (err.code === 'EXDEV' || err.code === 'ENOENT')) {
+      gfs.copyFileSync(srcFile, destFile)
+    } else {
+      throw err
+    }
   }
 }