diff --git a/src/api/install.ts b/src/api/install.ts
index 9661e7b1a4..ba6477f96b 100644
--- a/src/api/install.ts
+++ b/src/api/install.ts
@@ -114,6 +114,11 @@ export async function install (maybeOpts?: PnpmOptions) {
 
     async function run () {
       const scripts = !opts.ignoreScripts && ctx.pkg && ctx.pkg.scripts || {}
+
+      if (scripts['prepublish']) {
+        logger.warn('`prepublish` scripts are deprecated. Use `prepare` for build steps and `prepublishOnly` for upload-only.')
+      }
+
       if (scripts['preinstall']) {
         npmRun('preinstall', ctx.root, opts.userAgent)
       }
@@ -126,6 +131,9 @@ export async function install (maybeOpts?: PnpmOptions) {
       if (scripts['prepublish']) {
         npmRun('prepublish', ctx.root, opts.userAgent)
       }
+      if (scripts['prepare']) {
+        npmRun('prepare', ctx.root, opts.userAgent)
+      }
     }
   }, {stale: opts.lockStaleDuration})
 }
diff --git a/test/install/lifecycleScripts.ts b/test/install/lifecycleScripts.ts
index 7c8509d9d9..09a8aff444 100644
--- a/test/install/lifecycleScripts.ts
+++ b/test/install/lifecycleScripts.ts
@@ -124,32 +124,32 @@ test('postinstall is not executed after named installation', t => {
   t.end()
 })
 
-test('prepublish is not executed after installation with arguments', t => {
+test('prepare is not executed after installation with arguments', t => {
   const project = prepare(t, {
     scripts: {
-      prepublish: 'echo "Hello world!"'
+      prepare: 'echo "Hello world!"'
     }
   })
 
   const result = execPnpmSync('install', 'is-negative')
 
   t.equal(result.status, 0, 'installation was successfull')
-  t.ok(result.stdout.toString().indexOf('Hello world!') === -1, 'prepublish script was not executed')
+  t.ok(result.stdout.toString().indexOf('Hello world!') === -1, 'prepare script was not executed')
 
   t.end()
 })
 
-test('prepublish is executed after argumentless installation', t => {
+test('prepare is executed after argumentless installation', t => {
   const project = prepare(t, {
     scripts: {
-      prepublish: 'echo "Hello world!"'
+      prepare: 'echo "Hello world!"'
     }
   })
 
   const result = execPnpmSync('install')
 
   t.equal(result.status, 0, 'installation was successfull')
-  t.ok(result.stdout.toString().indexOf('Hello world!') !== -1, 'prepublish script was executed')
+  t.ok(result.stdout.toString().indexOf('Hello world!') !== -1, 'prepare script was executed')
 
   t.end()
 })