Files
podman/test/system/550-pause-process.bats
Giuseppe Scrivano a2db18f35c rootless: detect and remove stale pause.pid with recycled PIDs
When a pause process dies and its PID gets recycled by an unrelated
process, the stale pause.pid file causes join failures.  Detect this
by checking /proc/<pid>/environ for _PODMAN_PAUSE=1 after a failed
join attempt.

Closes: https://github.com/containers/podman/issues/28157

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: Giuseppe Scrivano <gscrivan@redhat.com>
2026-03-19 14:46:29 +01:00

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#!/usr/bin/env bats -*- bats -*-
#
# test to make sure we use the correct podman pause process
#
load helpers
load helpers.registry
load helpers.sig-proxy
function setup_file() {
# We have to stop the background registry here. These tests kill the podman pause
# process which means commands after that are in a new one and when the cleanup
# later tries to stop the registry container it will be in the wrong ns and can fail.
# https://github.com/containers/podman/pull/21563#issuecomment-1960047648
stop_registry
}
function _check_pause_process() {
# do not mark these variables as local; our caller expects them
pause_pid_file="$XDG_RUNTIME_DIR/libpod/tmp/pause.pid"
ns_handles_file="$XDG_RUNTIME_DIR/libpod/tmp/ns_handles"
pause_pid=""
# Check that either ns_handles or pause.pid exists
if [ -e $ns_handles_file ]; then
# ns_handles file exists, no pause process needed
return
fi
test -e $pause_pid_file || die "Neither ns_handles file ($ns_handles_file) nor pause.pid file ($pause_pid_file) exists"
pause_pid=$(<$pause_pid_file)
test -d /proc/$pause_pid || die "Pause process $pause_pid (from $pause_pid_file) is not running"
assert "$(</proc/$pause_pid/comm)" =~ 'catatonit|podman pause' \
"Pause process $pause_pid has an unexpected name"
}
# Test for https://github.com/containers/podman/issues/17903
@test "rootless podman only ever uses single pause process" {
skip_if_not_rootless "pause process is only used as rootless"
skip_if_remote "--tmpdir not supported via remote"
# There are nasty bugs when we are not in the correct userns,
# we have good reproducer to see how things can go wrong here:
# https://github.com/containers/podman/issues/17903#issuecomment-1497232184
# To prevent any issues we should only ever have a single pause process running,
# regardless of any --root/-runroot/--tmpdir values.
# Baseline: get the current userns (one will be created on demand)
local getns="unshare readlink /proc/self/ns/user"
run_podman $getns
local baseline_userns="$output"
# A pause process will now be running
_check_pause_process
# Use podman system migrate to stop the currently running pause process
run_podman system migrate
# After migrate, there must be no pause process or ns_handles
# Note: pause_pid_file and ns_handles_file are set by _check_pause_process above
test -e $pause_pid_file && die "Pause pid file $pause_pid_file still exists, even after podman system migrate"
test -e $ns_handles_file && die "ns_handles file $ns_handles_file still exists, even after podman system migrate"
if [[ -n "$pause_pid" ]]; then
run kill -0 $pause_pid
test $status -eq 0 && die "Pause process $pause_pid is still running even after podman system migrate"
fi
run_podman $(podman_isolation_opts ${PODMAN_TMPDIR}) $getns
tmpdir_userns="$output"
# And now we should once again have a pause process or ns_handles
_check_pause_process
if [ -e $pause_pid_file ]; then
run_podman $getns
assert "$output" == "$tmpdir_userns" \
"podman should use the same userns created using a tmpdir"
run_podman --tmpdir $PODMAN_TMPDIR/tmp2 $getns
assert "$output" == "$tmpdir_userns" \
"podman with tmpdir2 should use the same userns created using a tmpdir"
fi
}
# https://github.com/containers/podman/issues/16091
@test "rootless reexec with sig-proxy" {
skip_if_not_rootless "pause process is only used as rootless"
skip_if_remote "system migrate not supported via remote"
# Use podman system migrate to stop the currently running pause process
run_podman system migrate
# We're forced to use $PODMAN because run_podman cannot be backgrounded
# Also special logic to set a different argv0 to make sure the reexec still works:
# https://github.com/containers/podman/issues/22672
bash -c "exec -a argv0-podman ${PODMAN_CMD[@]} run -i --name c_run $IMAGE sh -c '$SLEEPLOOP'" &
local kidpid=$!
_test_sigproxy c_run $kidpid
# our container exits 0 so podman should too
wait $kidpid || die "podman run exited $? instead of zero"
}
@test "rootless reexec with sig-proxy when rejoining userns from container" {
skip_if_not_rootless "pause process is only used as rootless"
skip_if_remote "unshare not supported via remote"
# First let's run a container in the background to keep the userns active
local cname1=c1_$(random_string)
run_podman run -d --name $cname1 --uidmap 0:100:100 $IMAGE top
run_podman unshare readlink /proc/self/ns/user
userns="$output"
# Check for pause pid or ns_handles file, and remove/kill it
# Note: _check_pause_process sets ns_handles_file and pause_pid
_check_pause_process
if [ -e $ns_handles_file ]; then
rm -f $ns_handles_file
elif [ -n "$pause_pid" ]; then
kill -9 $pause_pid
fi
# Now again directly start podman run and make sure it can forward signals
# We're forced to use $PODMAN because run_podman cannot be backgrounded
local cname2=c2_$(random_string)
"${PODMAN_CMD[@]}" run -i --name $cname2 $IMAGE sh -c "$SLEEPLOOP" &
local kidpid=$!
_test_sigproxy $cname2 $kidpid
# check pause process again
_check_pause_process
# our container exits 0 so podman should too
wait $kidpid || die "podman run exited $? instead of zero"
# Check that podman joined the same userns as it tries to use the one
# from the running podman process in the background.
run_podman unshare readlink /proc/self/ns/user
assert "$output" == "$userns" "userns before/after kill is the same"
run_podman rm -f -t0 $cname1
}
# Test that podman detects and recovers from a stale pause.pid with a recycled PID
@test "rootless podman recovers from stale pause.pid with recycled PID" {
skip_if_not_rootless "pause process is only used as rootless"
skip_if_remote "system migrate not supported via remote"
run_podman info
_check_pause_process
if [ -e $ns_handles_file ]; then
skip "ns_handles in use, not pause.pid"
fi
kill -9 $pause_pid
sleep 99999 &
local fake_pid=$!
echo -n $fake_pid > $pause_pid_file
run_podman info
assert "$output" =~ "pause.pid file refers to PID $fake_pid which is not a pause process" \
"podman should report stale pause.pid"
assert "$output" =~ "Removing.*pause.pid" \
"podman should report removing the stale pause.pid file"
kill $fake_pid 2>/dev/null || true
_check_pause_process
}
# regression test for https://issues.redhat.com/browse/RHEL-59620
@test "rootless userns can unmount netns properly" {
skip_if_not_rootless "pause process is only used as rootless"
skip_if_remote "system migrate not supported via remote"
# Use podman system migrate to stop the currently running pause process
run_podman system migrate
# First run a container with a custom userns as this uses different netns setup logic.
local cname=c-$(safename)
run_podman run --userns keep-id --name $cname -d $IMAGE sleep 100
# Now run a "normal" container without userns
run_podman run --rm $IMAGE true
# This used to hang trying to unmount the netns.
run_podman rm -f -t0 $cname
}
# regression test for https://issues.redhat.com/browse/RHEL-130252
@test "podman system migrate works with conmon being killed" {
skip_if_not_rootless "pause process is only used as rootless"
skip_if_remote "system migrate not supported via remote"
local cname=c-$(safename)
run_podman run --name $cname --stop-signal SIGKILL -d $IMAGE sleep 100
run_podman inspect --format '{{.State.ConmonPid}}' $cname
conmon_pid="$output"
# Check for pause pid or ns_handles file, and remove/kill it
# Note: _check_pause_process sets ns_handles_file and pause_pid
_check_pause_process
if [ -e $ns_handles_file ]; then
rm -f $ns_handles_file
elif [ -n "$pause_pid" ]; then
kill -9 $pause_pid
fi
# kill conmon
kill -9 $conmon_pid
# Use podman system migrate to stop the currently running pause process
run_podman 125 system migrate
assert "$output" =~ "Failed to join existing conmon namespace" "fallback to userns creating"
assert "$output" =~ "conmon process killed"
# Now the removal command should work fine without errors.
run_podman rm $cname
}