syncthing/lib/versioner/util.go

// Copyright (C) 2014 The Syncthing Authors.
//
// This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
// License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this file,
// You can obtain one at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.

package versioner

import (
	"context"
	"errors"
	"fmt"
	"log/slog"
	"os"
	"path/filepath"
	"regexp"
	"slices"
	"strings"
	"time"

	"github.com/syncthing/syncthing/internal/slogutil"
	"github.com/syncthing/syncthing/lib/config"
	"github.com/syncthing/syncthing/lib/fs"
	"github.com/syncthing/syncthing/lib/osutil"
	"github.com/syncthing/syncthing/lib/stringutil"
)

var (
	ErrDirectory         = errors.New("cannot restore on top of a directory")
	errNotFound          = errors.New("version not found")
	errFileAlreadyExists = errors.New("file already exists")
)

const (
	DefaultPath = ".stversions"
)

// TagFilename inserts ~tag just before the extension of the filename.
func TagFilename(name, tag string) string {
	dir, file := filepath.Dir(name), filepath.Base(name)
	ext := filepath.Ext(file)
	withoutExt := file[:len(file)-len(ext)]
	return filepath.Join(dir, withoutExt+"~"+tag+ext)
}

var tagExp = regexp.MustCompile(`.*~([^~.]+)(?:\.[^.]+)?$`)

// extractTag returns the tag from a filename, whether at the end or middle.
func extractTag(path string) string {
	match := tagExp.FindStringSubmatch(path)
	// match is []string{"whole match", "submatch"} when successful

	if len(match) != 2 {
		return ""
	}
	return match[1]
}

// UntagFilename returns the filename without tag, and the extracted tag
func UntagFilename(path string) (string, string) {
	ext := filepath.Ext(path)
	versionTag := extractTag(path)

	// Files tagged with old style tags cannot be untagged.
	if versionTag == "" {
		return "", ""
	}

	// Old style tag
	if strings.HasSuffix(ext, versionTag) {
		return strings.TrimSuffix(path, "~"+versionTag), versionTag
	}

	withoutExt := path[:len(path)-len(ext)-len(versionTag)-1]
	name := withoutExt + ext
	return name, versionTag
}

func retrieveVersions(fileSystem fs.Filesystem) (map[string][]FileVersion, error) {
	files := make(map[string][]FileVersion)

	err := fileSystem.Walk(".", func(path string, f fs.FileInfo, err error) error {
		// Skip root (which is ok to be a symlink)
		if path == "." {
			return nil
		}

		// Skip walking if we cannot walk...
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}

		// Ignore symlinks
		if f.IsSymlink() {
			return fs.SkipDir
		}

		// No records for directories
		if f.IsDir() {
			return nil
		}

		modTime := f.ModTime().Truncate(time.Second)

		path = osutil.NormalizedFilename(path)

		name, tag := UntagFilename(path)
		// Something invalid, assume it's an untagged file (trashcan versioner stuff)
		if name == "" || tag == "" {
			files[path] = append(files[path], FileVersion{
				VersionTime: modTime,
				ModTime:     modTime,
				Size:        f.Size(),
			})
			return nil
		}

		versionTime, err := time.ParseInLocation(TimeFormat, tag, time.Local)
		if err != nil {
			// Can't parse it, welp, continue
			return nil
		}

		files[name] = append(files[name], FileVersion{
			VersionTime: versionTime,
			ModTime:     modTime,
			Size:        f.Size(),
		})

		return nil
	})
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	return files, nil
}

type fileTagger func(string, string) string

func archiveFile(method fs.CopyRangeMethod, srcFs, dstFs fs.Filesystem, filePath string, tagger fileTagger) error {
	filePath = osutil.NativeFilename(filePath)
	info, err := srcFs.Lstat(filePath)
	if fs.IsNotExist(err) {
		l.Debugln("not archiving nonexistent file", filePath)
		return nil
	} else if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	if info.IsSymlink() {
		panic("bug: attempting to version a symlink")
	}

	_, err = dstFs.Stat(".")
	if err != nil {
		if fs.IsNotExist(err) {
			slog.Debug("Creating versions dir")
			err := dstFs.MkdirAll(".", fs.ModePerm)
			if err != nil {
				return err
			}
			_ = dstFs.Hide(".")
		} else {
			return err
		}
	}

	file := filepath.Base(filePath)
	inFolderPath := filepath.Dir(filePath)
	err = dupDirTree(srcFs, dstFs, inFolderPath)
	if err != nil {
		l.Debugln("archiving", filePath, err)
		return err
	}

	now := time.Now()

	ver := tagger(file, now.Format(TimeFormat))
	dst := filepath.Join(inFolderPath, ver)
	l.Debugln("archiving", filePath, "moving to", dst)
	err = osutil.RenameOrCopy(method, srcFs, dstFs, filePath, dst)

	mtime := info.ModTime()
	// If it's a trashcan versioner type thing, then it does not have version time in the name
	// so use mtime for that.
	if ver == file {
		mtime = now
	}

	_ = dstFs.Chtimes(dst, mtime, mtime)

	return err
}

// dupDirTree ensures folderPath exists in dstFs, copying permissions mostly
// from srcFs. Permissions are altered to have the user read, write, and
// execute bits set so that Syncthing file operations are possible within
// the destination directory.
//
// We want to retain the source group and other bits so that we do not
// inadvertently open up a directory for users who shouldn't have access to
// it, but we do not consider it a security issue to open up the permissions
// for the current user.
//
// This is based on os.MkdirAll with our srcFs adjustments.
func dupDirTree(srcFs, dstFs fs.Filesystem, path string) error {
	const (
		allPerms    = 0o777
		minDirPerms = 0o700
	)

	// Fast path: if we can tell whether path is a directory or file, stop with success or error.
	if dir, err := dstFs.Lstat(path); err == nil {
		if !dir.IsDir() {
			return errors.New("destination exists but is not a directory")
		}
		if dir.Mode()&minDirPerms != minDirPerms {
			// We want all the required permission bits set
			_ = dstFs.Chmod(path, dir.Mode()&allPerms|minDirPerms)
		}
		return nil
	}

	// Slow path: make sure parent exists and then call Mkdir for path.

	// Extract the parent folder from path by first removing any trailing
	// path separator and then scanning backward until finding a path
	// separator or reaching the beginning of the string.
	i := len(path) - 1
	for i >= 0 && os.IsPathSeparator(path[i]) {
		i--
	}
	for i >= 0 && !os.IsPathSeparator(path[i]) {
		i--
	}
	if i < 0 {
		i = 0
	}

	// If there is a parent directory, and it is not the volume name,
	// recurse to ensure parent directory exists.
	if parent := path[:i]; len(parent) > len(filepath.VolumeName(path)) {
		if err := dupDirTree(srcFs, dstFs, parent); err != nil {
			return err
		}
	}

	// Parent now exists; invoke Mkdir and use its result.
	srcPerms := fs.FileMode(minDirPerms)
	if srcDir, err := srcFs.Lstat(path); err == nil {
		srcPerms = srcDir.Mode()&allPerms | minDirPerms
	}
	if err := dstFs.Mkdir(path, srcPerms); err != nil {
		// Handle arguments like "foo/." by
		// double-checking that directory doesn't exist.
		dir, err1 := dstFs.Lstat(path)
		if err1 == nil && dir.IsDir() {
			return nil
		}
		return err
	}

	// Extra chmod to ensure our permissions override umask
	_ = dstFs.Chmod(path, srcPerms)

	return nil
}

func restoreFile(method fs.CopyRangeMethod, src, dst fs.Filesystem, filePath string, versionTime time.Time, tagger fileTagger) error {
	tag := versionTime.In(time.Local).Truncate(time.Second).Format(TimeFormat)
	taggedFilePath := tagger(filePath, tag)

	// If the something already exists where we are restoring to, archive existing file for versioning
	// remove if it's a symlink, or fail if it's a directory
	if info, err := dst.Lstat(filePath); err == nil {
		switch {
		case info.IsDir():
			return ErrDirectory
		case info.IsSymlink():
			// Remove existing symlinks (as we don't want to archive them)
			if err := dst.Remove(filePath); err != nil {
				return fmt.Errorf("removing existing symlink: %w", err)
			}
		case info.IsRegular():
			if err := archiveFile(method, dst, src, filePath, tagger); err != nil {
				return fmt.Errorf("archiving existing file: %w", err)
			}
		default:
			panic("bug: unknown item type")
		}
	} else if !fs.IsNotExist(err) {
		return err
	}

	filePath = osutil.NativeFilename(filePath)

	// Try and find a file that has the correct mtime
	sourceFile := ""
	sourceMtime := time.Time{}
	if info, err := src.Lstat(taggedFilePath); err == nil && info.IsRegular() {
		sourceFile = taggedFilePath
		sourceMtime = info.ModTime()
	} else if err == nil {
		l.Debugln("restore:", taggedFilePath, "not regular")
	} else {
		l.Debugln("restore:", taggedFilePath, err.Error())
	}

	// Check for untagged file
	if sourceFile == "" {
		info, err := src.Lstat(filePath)
		if err == nil && info.IsRegular() && info.ModTime().Truncate(time.Second).Equal(versionTime) {
			sourceFile = filePath
			sourceMtime = info.ModTime()
		}

	}

	if sourceFile == "" {
		return errNotFound
	}

	// Check that the target location of where we are supposed to restore does not exist.
	// This should have been taken care of by the first few lines of this function.
	if _, err := dst.Lstat(filePath); err == nil {
		return errFileAlreadyExists
	} else if !fs.IsNotExist(err) {
		return err
	}

	_ = dst.MkdirAll(filepath.Dir(filePath), fs.ModePerm)
	err := osutil.RenameOrCopy(method, src, dst, sourceFile, filePath)
	_ = dst.Chtimes(filePath, sourceMtime, sourceMtime)
	return err
}

func versionerFsFromFolderCfg(cfg config.FolderConfiguration) (versionsFs fs.Filesystem) {
	folderFs := cfg.Filesystem()
	if cfg.Versioning.FSPath == "" {
		versionsFs = fs.NewFilesystem(folderFs.Type(), filepath.Join(folderFs.URI(), DefaultPath))
	} else if cfg.Versioning.FSType == config.FilesystemTypeBasic {
		// Expand any leading tildes for basic filesystems,
		// before checking for absolute paths.
		path, err := fs.ExpandTilde(cfg.Versioning.FSPath)
		if err != nil {
			path = cfg.Versioning.FSPath
		}
		// We only know how to deal with relative folders for
		// basic filesystems, as that's the only one we know
		// how to check if it's absolute or relative.
		if !filepath.IsAbs(path) {
			path = filepath.Join(folderFs.URI(), path)
		}
		versionsFs = fs.NewFilesystem(cfg.Versioning.FSType.ToFS(), path)
	} else {
		versionsFs = fs.NewFilesystem(cfg.Versioning.FSType.ToFS(), cfg.Versioning.FSPath)
	}
	l.Debugf("%s (%s) folder using %s (%s) versioner dir", folderFs.URI(), folderFs.Type(), versionsFs.URI(), versionsFs.Type())
	return
}

func findAllVersions(fs fs.Filesystem, filePath string) []string {
	inFolderPath := filepath.Dir(filePath)
	file := filepath.Base(filePath)

	// Glob according to the new file~timestamp.ext pattern.
	pattern := filepath.Join(inFolderPath, TagFilename(file, timeGlob))
	versions, err := fs.Glob(pattern)
	if err != nil {
		slog.Warn("Failed to glob for versions", slog.String("pattern", pattern), slogutil.Error(err))
		return nil
	}
	versions = stringutil.UniqueTrimmedStrings(versions)
	slices.Sort(versions)

	return versions
}

func clean(ctx context.Context, versionsFs fs.Filesystem, toRemove func([]string, time.Time) []string) error {
	l.Debugln("Versioner clean: Cleaning", versionsFs)

	if _, err := versionsFs.Stat("."); fs.IsNotExist(err) {
		// There is no need to clean a nonexistent dir.
		return nil
	}

	versionsPerFile := make(map[string][]string)
	dirTracker := make(emptyDirTracker)

	walkFn := func(path string, f fs.FileInfo, err error) error {
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		select {
		case <-ctx.Done():
			return ctx.Err()
		default:
		}

		if f.IsDir() && !f.IsSymlink() {
			dirTracker.addDir(path)
			return nil
		}

		// Regular file, or possibly a symlink.
		dirTracker.addFile(path)

		name, _ := UntagFilename(path)
		if name == "" {
			return nil
		}

		versionsPerFile[name] = append(versionsPerFile[name], path)

		return nil
	}

	if err := versionsFs.Walk(".", walkFn); err != nil {
		if !errors.Is(err, context.Canceled) {
			slog.WarnContext(ctx, "Failed to scan versions directory", slogutil.Error(err))
		}
		return err
	}

	for _, versionList := range versionsPerFile {
		select {
		case <-ctx.Done():
			return ctx.Err()
		default:
		}
		cleanVersions(versionsFs, versionList, toRemove)
	}

	dirTracker.deleteEmptyDirs(versionsFs)

	l.Debugln("Cleaner: Finished cleaning", versionsFs)
	return nil
}

func cleanVersions(versionsFs fs.Filesystem, versions []string, toRemove func([]string, time.Time) []string) {
	l.Debugln("Versioner: Expiring versions", versions)
	for _, file := range toRemove(versions, time.Now()) {
		if err := versionsFs.Remove(file); err != nil {
			slog.Warn("Failed to remove versioned file during cleanup", slogutil.FilePath(file), slogutil.Error(err))
		}
	}
}