fix(workaround): install vulkan from repos for amd64

This is a temporary workaround to confirm that the vulkan binary
upstream are not built with the same glibc version of ubuntu 24.04,
which makes it incompatible.

See https://github.com/mudler/LocalAI/issues/7914

Signed-off-by: Ettore Di Giacinto <mudler@localai.io>

Dockerfile

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ RUN apt-get update && \
 
 # The requirements-drivers target is for BUILD_TYPE specific items.  If you need to install something specific to CUDA, or specific to ROCM, it goes here.
 FROM requirements AS requirements-drivers
-
+ARG VULKAN_FROM_SOURCE=false
 ARG BUILD_TYPE
 ARG CUDA_MAJOR_VERSION=12
 ARG CUDA_MINOR_VERSION=0
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ RUN <<EOT bash
             git python-is-python3 bison libx11-xcb-dev liblz4-dev libzstd-dev \
             ocaml-core ninja-build pkg-config libxml2-dev wayland-protocols python3-jsonschema \
             clang-format qtbase5-dev qt6-base-dev libxcb-glx0-dev sudo xz-utils mesa-vulkan-drivers
-        if [ "amd64" = "$TARGETARCH" ]; then
+        if [ "amd64" = "$TARGETARCH" ] && [ "${VULKAN_FROM_SOURCE}" = "true" ]; then
             wget "https://sdk.lunarg.com/sdk/download/1.4.328.1/linux/vulkansdk-linux-x86_64-1.4.328.1.tar.xz" && \
             tar -xf vulkansdk-linux-x86_64-1.4.328.1.tar.xz && \
             rm vulkansdk-linux-x86_64-1.4.328.1.tar.xz && \
@@ -59,6 +59,11 @@ RUN <<EOT bash
             cp -rfv /opt/vulkan-sdk/1.4.328.1/x86_64/include/* /usr/include/ && \
             cp -rfv /opt/vulkan-sdk/1.4.328.1/x86_64/share/* /usr/share/ && \
             rm -rf /opt/vulkan-sdk
+        elif [ "amd64" = "${TARGETARCH}}" ]; then
+            wget -qO- https://packages.lunarg.com/lunarg-signing-key-pub.asc | sudo tee /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/lunarg.asc && \
+            wget -qO /etc/apt/sources.list.d/lunarg-vulkan-noble.list http://packages.lunarg.com/vulkan/lunarg-vulkan-noble.list && \
+            apt-get update && \
+            apt-get install -y vulkan-sdk
         fi
         if [ "arm64" = "$TARGETARCH" ]; then
             mkdir vulkan && cd vulkan && \

backend/Dockerfile.golang

@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ RUN <<EOT bash
             git python-is-python3 bison libx11-xcb-dev liblz4-dev libzstd-dev \
             ocaml-core ninja-build pkg-config libxml2-dev wayland-protocols python3-jsonschema \
             clang-format qtbase5-dev qt6-base-dev libxcb-glx0-dev sudo xz-utils
-        if [ "amd64" = "$TARGETARCH" ]; then
+        if [ "amd64" = "$TARGETARCH" ] && [ "${VULKAN_FROM_SOURCE}" = "true" ]; then
             wget "https://sdk.lunarg.com/sdk/download/1.4.328.1/linux/vulkansdk-linux-x86_64-1.4.328.1.tar.xz" && \
             tar -xf vulkansdk-linux-x86_64-1.4.328.1.tar.xz && \
             rm vulkansdk-linux-x86_64-1.4.328.1.tar.xz && \
@@ -64,6 +64,11 @@ RUN <<EOT bash
             cp -rfv /opt/vulkan-sdk/1.4.328.1/x86_64/include/* /usr/include/ && \
             cp -rfv /opt/vulkan-sdk/1.4.328.1/x86_64/share/* /usr/share/ && \
             rm -rf /opt/vulkan-sdk
+        elif [ "amd64" = "${TARGETARCH}}" ]; then
+            wget -qO- https://packages.lunarg.com/lunarg-signing-key-pub.asc | sudo tee /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/lunarg.asc && \
+            wget -qO /etc/apt/sources.list.d/lunarg-vulkan-noble.list http://packages.lunarg.com/vulkan/lunarg-vulkan-noble.list && \
+            apt-get update && \
+            apt-get install -y vulkan-sdk
         fi
         if [ "arm64" = "$TARGETARCH" ]; then
             mkdir vulkan && cd vulkan && \

backend/Dockerfile.llama-cpp

@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ RUN <<EOT bash
             git python-is-python3 bison libx11-xcb-dev liblz4-dev libzstd-dev \
             ocaml-core ninja-build pkg-config libxml2-dev wayland-protocols python3-jsonschema \
             clang-format qtbase5-dev qt6-base-dev libxcb-glx0-dev sudo xz-utils
-        if [ "amd64" = "$TARGETARCH" ]; then
+        if [ "amd64" = "$TARGETARCH" ] && [ "${VULKAN_FROM_SOURCE}" = "true" ]; then
             wget "https://sdk.lunarg.com/sdk/download/1.4.328.1/linux/vulkansdk-linux-x86_64-1.4.328.1.tar.xz" && \
             tar -xf vulkansdk-linux-x86_64-1.4.328.1.tar.xz && \
             rm vulkansdk-linux-x86_64-1.4.328.1.tar.xz && \
@@ -121,6 +121,11 @@ RUN <<EOT bash
             cp -rfv /opt/vulkan-sdk/1.4.328.1/x86_64/include/* /usr/include/ && \
             cp -rfv /opt/vulkan-sdk/1.4.328.1/x86_64/share/* /usr/share/ && \
             rm -rf /opt/vulkan-sdk
+        elif [ "amd64" = "${TARGETARCH}}" ]; then
+            wget -qO- https://packages.lunarg.com/lunarg-signing-key-pub.asc | sudo tee /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/lunarg.asc && \
+            wget -qO /etc/apt/sources.list.d/lunarg-vulkan-noble.list http://packages.lunarg.com/vulkan/lunarg-vulkan-noble.list && \
+            apt-get update && \
+            apt-get install -y vulkan-sdk
         fi
         if [ "arm64" = "$TARGETARCH" ]; then
             mkdir vulkan && cd vulkan && \

backend/Dockerfile.python

@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ RUN <<EOT bash
             git python-is-python3 bison libx11-xcb-dev liblz4-dev libzstd-dev \
             ocaml-core ninja-build pkg-config libxml2-dev wayland-protocols python3-jsonschema \
             clang-format qtbase5-dev qt6-base-dev libxcb-glx0-dev sudo xz-utils
-        if [ "amd64" = "$TARGETARCH" ]; then
+        if [ "amd64" = "$TARGETARCH" ] && [ "${VULKAN_FROM_SOURCE}" = "true" ]; then
             wget "https://sdk.lunarg.com/sdk/download/1.4.328.1/linux/vulkansdk-linux-x86_64-1.4.328.1.tar.xz" && \
             tar -xf vulkansdk-linux-x86_64-1.4.328.1.tar.xz && \
             rm vulkansdk-linux-x86_64-1.4.328.1.tar.xz && \
@@ -78,6 +78,11 @@ RUN <<EOT bash
             cp -rfv /opt/vulkan-sdk/1.4.328.1/x86_64/include/* /usr/include/ && \
             cp -rfv /opt/vulkan-sdk/1.4.328.1/x86_64/share/* /usr/share/ && \
             rm -rf /opt/vulkan-sdk
+        elif [ "amd64" = "${TARGETARCH}}" ]; then
+            wget -qO- https://packages.lunarg.com/lunarg-signing-key-pub.asc | sudo tee /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/lunarg.asc && \
+            wget -qO /etc/apt/sources.list.d/lunarg-vulkan-noble.list http://packages.lunarg.com/vulkan/lunarg-vulkan-noble.list && \
+            apt-get update && \
+            apt-get install -y vulkan-sdk
         fi
         if [ "arm64" = "$TARGETARCH" ]; then
             mkdir vulkan && cd vulkan && \

backend/cpp/llama-cpp/Makefile

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 
-LLAMA_VERSION?=593da7fa49503b68f9f01700be9f508f1e528992
+LLAMA_VERSION?=b1377188784f9aea26b8abde56d4aee8c733eec7
 LLAMA_REPO?=https://github.com/ggerganov/llama.cpp
 
 CMAKE_ARGS?=

backend/python/chatterbox/install.sh

@@ -17,4 +17,9 @@ if [ "x${BUILD_PROFILE}" == "xintel" ]; then
 fi
 EXTRA_PIP_INSTALL_FLAGS+=" --no-build-isolation"
 
+if [ "x${BUILD_PROFILE}" == "xl4t12" ]; then
+    USE_PIP=true
+fi
+
+
 installRequirements

backend/python/chatterbox/requirements-install.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+# Build dependencies needed for packages installed from source (e.g., git dependencies)
+# When using --no-build-isolation, these must be installed in the venv first
+wheel
+setuptools
+packaging

backend/python/diffusers/install.sh

@@ -16,6 +16,10 @@ if [ "x${BUILD_PROFILE}" == "xintel" ]; then
     EXTRA_PIP_INSTALL_FLAGS+=" --upgrade --index-strategy=unsafe-first-match"
 fi
 
+if [ "x${BUILD_PROFILE}" == "xl4t12" ]; then
+    USE_PIP=true
+fi
+
 # Use python 3.12 for l4t
 if [ "x${BUILD_PROFILE}" == "xl4t13" ]; then
   PYTHON_VERSION="3.12"

backend/python/kokoro/install.sh

@@ -16,4 +16,8 @@ if [ "x${BUILD_PROFILE}" == "xintel" ]; then
     EXTRA_PIP_INSTALL_FLAGS+=" --upgrade --index-strategy=unsafe-first-match"
 fi
 
+if [ "x${BUILD_PROFILE}" == "xl4t12" ]; then
+    USE_PIP=true
+fi
+
 installRequirements

backend/python/neutts/install.sh

@@ -26,6 +26,12 @@ fi
 
 EXTRA_PIP_INSTALL_FLAGS+=" --no-build-isolation"
 
+
+if [ "x${BUILD_PROFILE}" == "xl4t12" ]; then
+    USE_PIP=true
+fi
+
+
 git clone https://github.com/neuphonic/neutts-air neutts-air
 
 cp -rfv neutts-air/neuttsair ./

backend/python/vibevoice/install.sh

@@ -23,6 +23,10 @@ if [ "x${BUILD_PROFILE}" == "xl4t13" ]; then
   PY_STANDALONE_TAG="20251120"
 fi
 
+if [ "x${BUILD_PROFILE}" == "xl4t12" ]; then
+    USE_PIP=true
+fi
+
 installRequirements
 
 git clone https://github.com/microsoft/VibeVoice.git

core/gallery/backend_types.go

@@ -63,6 +63,25 @@ func (m *GalleryBackend) IsMeta() bool {
 	return len(m.CapabilitiesMap) > 0 && m.URI == ""
 }
 
+// IsCompatibleWith checks if the backend is compatible with the current system capability.
+// For meta backends, it checks if any of the capabilities in the map match the system capability.
+// For concrete backends, it delegates to SystemState.IsBackendCompatible.
+func (m *GalleryBackend) IsCompatibleWith(systemState *system.SystemState) bool {
+	if systemState == nil {
+		return true
+	}
+
+	// Meta backends are compatible if the system capability matches one of the keys
+	if m.IsMeta() {
+		capability := systemState.Capability(m.CapabilitiesMap)
+		_, exists := m.CapabilitiesMap[capability]
+		return exists
+	}
+
+	// For concrete backends, delegate to the system package
+	return systemState.IsBackendCompatible(m.Name, m.URI)
+}
+
 func (m *GalleryBackend) SetInstalled(installed bool) {
 	m.Installed = installed
 }

core/gallery/backends_test.go

@@ -172,6 +172,252 @@ var _ = Describe("Gallery Backends", func() {
 			Expect(nilMetaBackend.IsMeta()).To(BeFalse())
 		})
 
+		It("should check IsCompatibleWith correctly for meta backends", func() {
+			metaBackend := &GalleryBackend{
+				Metadata: Metadata{
+					Name: "meta-backend",
+				},
+				CapabilitiesMap: map[string]string{
+					"nvidia":  "nvidia-backend",
+					"amd":     "amd-backend",
+					"default": "default-backend",
+				},
+			}
+
+			// Test with nil state - should be compatible
+			Expect(metaBackend.IsCompatibleWith(nil)).To(BeTrue())
+
+			// Test with NVIDIA system - should be compatible (has nvidia key)
+			nvidiaState := &system.SystemState{GPUVendor: "nvidia", VRAM: 8 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024}
+			Expect(metaBackend.IsCompatibleWith(nvidiaState)).To(BeTrue())
+
+			// Test with default (no GPU) - should be compatible (has default key)
+			defaultState := &system.SystemState{}
+			Expect(metaBackend.IsCompatibleWith(defaultState)).To(BeTrue())
+		})
+
+		Describe("IsCompatibleWith for concrete backends", func() {
+			Context("CPU backends", func() {
+				It("should be compatible on all systems", func() {
+					cpuBackend := &GalleryBackend{
+						Metadata: Metadata{
+							Name: "cpu-llama-cpp",
+						},
+						URI: "quay.io/go-skynet/local-ai-backends:latest-cpu-llama-cpp",
+					}
+					Expect(cpuBackend.IsCompatibleWith(&system.SystemState{})).To(BeTrue())
+					Expect(cpuBackend.IsCompatibleWith(&system.SystemState{GPUVendor: system.Nvidia, VRAM: 8 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024})).To(BeTrue())
+					Expect(cpuBackend.IsCompatibleWith(&system.SystemState{GPUVendor: system.AMD, VRAM: 8 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024})).To(BeTrue())
+				})
+			})
+
+			Context("Darwin/Metal backends", func() {
+				When("running on darwin", func() {
+					BeforeEach(func() {
+						if runtime.GOOS != "darwin" {
+							Skip("Skipping darwin-specific tests on non-darwin system")
+						}
+					})
+
+					It("should be compatible for MLX backend", func() {
+						mlxBackend := &GalleryBackend{
+							Metadata: Metadata{
+								Name: "mlx",
+							},
+							URI: "quay.io/go-skynet/local-ai-backends:latest-metal-darwin-arm64-mlx",
+						}
+						Expect(mlxBackend.IsCompatibleWith(&system.SystemState{})).To(BeTrue())
+					})
+
+					It("should be compatible for metal-llama-cpp backend", func() {
+						metalBackend := &GalleryBackend{
+							Metadata: Metadata{
+								Name: "metal-llama-cpp",
+							},
+							URI: "quay.io/go-skynet/local-ai-backends:latest-metal-darwin-arm64-llama-cpp",
+						}
+						Expect(metalBackend.IsCompatibleWith(&system.SystemState{})).To(BeTrue())
+					})
+				})
+
+				When("running on non-darwin", func() {
+					BeforeEach(func() {
+						if runtime.GOOS == "darwin" {
+							Skip("Skipping non-darwin-specific tests on darwin system")
+						}
+					})
+
+					It("should NOT be compatible for MLX backend", func() {
+						mlxBackend := &GalleryBackend{
+							Metadata: Metadata{
+								Name: "mlx",
+							},
+							URI: "quay.io/go-skynet/local-ai-backends:latest-metal-darwin-arm64-mlx",
+						}
+						Expect(mlxBackend.IsCompatibleWith(&system.SystemState{})).To(BeFalse())
+					})
+
+					It("should NOT be compatible for metal-llama-cpp backend", func() {
+						metalBackend := &GalleryBackend{
+							Metadata: Metadata{
+								Name: "metal-llama-cpp",
+							},
+							URI: "quay.io/go-skynet/local-ai-backends:latest-metal-darwin-arm64-llama-cpp",
+						}
+						Expect(metalBackend.IsCompatibleWith(&system.SystemState{})).To(BeFalse())
+					})
+				})
+			})
+
+			Context("NVIDIA/CUDA backends", func() {
+				When("running on non-darwin", func() {
+					BeforeEach(func() {
+						if runtime.GOOS == "darwin" {
+							Skip("Skipping CUDA tests on darwin system")
+						}
+					})
+
+					It("should NOT be compatible without nvidia GPU", func() {
+						cudaBackend := &GalleryBackend{
+							Metadata: Metadata{
+								Name: "cuda12-llama-cpp",
+							},
+							URI: "quay.io/go-skynet/local-ai-backends:latest-gpu-nvidia-cuda-12-llama-cpp",
+						}
+						Expect(cudaBackend.IsCompatibleWith(&system.SystemState{})).To(BeFalse())
+						Expect(cudaBackend.IsCompatibleWith(&system.SystemState{GPUVendor: system.AMD, VRAM: 8 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024})).To(BeFalse())
+					})
+
+					It("should be compatible with nvidia GPU", func() {
+						cudaBackend := &GalleryBackend{
+							Metadata: Metadata{
+								Name: "cuda12-llama-cpp",
+							},
+							URI: "quay.io/go-skynet/local-ai-backends:latest-gpu-nvidia-cuda-12-llama-cpp",
+						}
+						Expect(cudaBackend.IsCompatibleWith(&system.SystemState{GPUVendor: system.Nvidia, VRAM: 8 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024})).To(BeTrue())
+					})
+
+					It("should be compatible with cuda13 backend on nvidia GPU", func() {
+						cuda13Backend := &GalleryBackend{
+							Metadata: Metadata{
+								Name: "cuda13-llama-cpp",
+							},
+							URI: "quay.io/go-skynet/local-ai-backends:latest-gpu-nvidia-cuda-13-llama-cpp",
+						}
+						Expect(cuda13Backend.IsCompatibleWith(&system.SystemState{GPUVendor: system.Nvidia, VRAM: 8 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024})).To(BeTrue())
+					})
+				})
+			})
+
+			Context("AMD/ROCm backends", func() {
+				When("running on non-darwin", func() {
+					BeforeEach(func() {
+						if runtime.GOOS == "darwin" {
+							Skip("Skipping AMD/ROCm tests on darwin system")
+						}
+					})
+
+					It("should NOT be compatible without AMD GPU", func() {
+						rocmBackend := &GalleryBackend{
+							Metadata: Metadata{
+								Name: "rocm-llama-cpp",
+							},
+							URI: "quay.io/go-skynet/local-ai-backends:latest-gpu-rocm-hipblas-llama-cpp",
+						}
+						Expect(rocmBackend.IsCompatibleWith(&system.SystemState{})).To(BeFalse())
+						Expect(rocmBackend.IsCompatibleWith(&system.SystemState{GPUVendor: system.Nvidia, VRAM: 8 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024})).To(BeFalse())
+					})
+
+					It("should be compatible with AMD GPU", func() {
+						rocmBackend := &GalleryBackend{
+							Metadata: Metadata{
+								Name: "rocm-llama-cpp",
+							},
+							URI: "quay.io/go-skynet/local-ai-backends:latest-gpu-rocm-hipblas-llama-cpp",
+						}
+						Expect(rocmBackend.IsCompatibleWith(&system.SystemState{GPUVendor: system.AMD, VRAM: 8 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024})).To(BeTrue())
+					})
+
+					It("should be compatible with hipblas backend on AMD GPU", func() {
+						hipBackend := &GalleryBackend{
+							Metadata: Metadata{
+								Name: "hip-llama-cpp",
+							},
+							URI: "quay.io/go-skynet/local-ai-backends:latest-gpu-hip-llama-cpp",
+						}
+						Expect(hipBackend.IsCompatibleWith(&system.SystemState{GPUVendor: system.AMD, VRAM: 8 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024})).To(BeTrue())
+					})
+				})
+			})
+
+			Context("Intel/SYCL backends", func() {
+				When("running on non-darwin", func() {
+					BeforeEach(func() {
+						if runtime.GOOS == "darwin" {
+							Skip("Skipping Intel/SYCL tests on darwin system")
+						}
+					})
+
+					It("should NOT be compatible without Intel GPU", func() {
+						intelBackend := &GalleryBackend{
+							Metadata: Metadata{
+								Name: "intel-sycl-f16-llama-cpp",
+							},
+							URI: "quay.io/go-skynet/local-ai-backends:latest-gpu-intel-sycl-f16-llama-cpp",
+						}
+						Expect(intelBackend.IsCompatibleWith(&system.SystemState{})).To(BeFalse())
+						Expect(intelBackend.IsCompatibleWith(&system.SystemState{GPUVendor: system.Nvidia, VRAM: 8 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024})).To(BeFalse())
+					})
+
+					It("should be compatible with Intel GPU", func() {
+						intelBackend := &GalleryBackend{
+							Metadata: Metadata{
+								Name: "intel-sycl-f16-llama-cpp",
+							},
+							URI: "quay.io/go-skynet/local-ai-backends:latest-gpu-intel-sycl-f16-llama-cpp",
+						}
+						Expect(intelBackend.IsCompatibleWith(&system.SystemState{GPUVendor: system.Intel, VRAM: 8 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024})).To(BeTrue())
+					})
+
+					It("should be compatible with intel-sycl-f32 backend on Intel GPU", func() {
+						intelF32Backend := &GalleryBackend{
+							Metadata: Metadata{
+								Name: "intel-sycl-f32-llama-cpp",
+							},
+							URI: "quay.io/go-skynet/local-ai-backends:latest-gpu-intel-sycl-f32-llama-cpp",
+						}
+						Expect(intelF32Backend.IsCompatibleWith(&system.SystemState{GPUVendor: system.Intel, VRAM: 8 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024})).To(BeTrue())
+					})
+
+					It("should be compatible with intel-transformers backend on Intel GPU", func() {
+						intelTransformersBackend := &GalleryBackend{
+							Metadata: Metadata{
+								Name: "intel-transformers",
+							},
+							URI: "quay.io/go-skynet/local-ai-backends:latest-intel-transformers",
+						}
+						Expect(intelTransformersBackend.IsCompatibleWith(&system.SystemState{GPUVendor: system.Intel, VRAM: 8 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024})).To(BeTrue())
+					})
+				})
+			})
+
+			Context("Vulkan backends", func() {
+				It("should be compatible on CPU-only systems", func() {
+					// Vulkan backends don't have a specific GPU vendor requirement in the current logic
+					// They are compatible if no other GPU-specific pattern matches
+					vulkanBackend := &GalleryBackend{
+						Metadata: Metadata{
+							Name: "vulkan-llama-cpp",
+						},
+						URI: "quay.io/go-skynet/local-ai-backends:latest-gpu-vulkan-llama-cpp",
+					}
+					// Vulkan doesn't have vendor-specific filtering in current implementation
+					Expect(vulkanBackend.IsCompatibleWith(&system.SystemState{})).To(BeTrue())
+				})
+			})
+		})
+
 		It("should find best backend from meta based on system capabilities", func() {
 
 			metaBackend := &GalleryBackend{

core/gallery/gallery.go

@@ -226,6 +226,16 @@ func AvailableGalleryModels(galleries []config.Gallery, systemState *system.Syst
 
 // List available backends
 func AvailableBackends(galleries []config.Gallery, systemState *system.SystemState) (GalleryElements[*GalleryBackend], error) {
+	return availableBackendsWithFilter(galleries, systemState, true)
+}
+
+// AvailableBackendsUnfiltered returns all available backends without filtering by system capability.
+func AvailableBackendsUnfiltered(galleries []config.Gallery, systemState *system.SystemState) (GalleryElements[*GalleryBackend], error) {
+	return availableBackendsWithFilter(galleries, systemState, false)
+}
+
+// availableBackendsWithFilter is a helper function that lists available backends with optional filtering.
+func availableBackendsWithFilter(galleries []config.Gallery, systemState *system.SystemState, filterByCapability bool) (GalleryElements[*GalleryBackend], error) {
 	var backends []*GalleryBackend
 
 	systemBackends, err := ListSystemBackends(systemState)
@@ -241,7 +251,17 @@ func AvailableBackends(galleries []config.Gallery, systemState *system.SystemSta
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
-		backends = append(backends, galleryBackends...)
+
+		// Filter backends by system capability if requested
+		if filterByCapability {
+			for _, backend := range galleryBackends {
+				if backend.IsCompatibleWith(systemState) {
+					backends = append(backends, backend)
+				}
+			}
+		} else {
+			backends = append(backends, galleryBackends...)
+		}
 	}
 
 	return backends, nil

core/http/routes/ui_api.go

@@ -617,6 +617,12 @@ func RegisterUIAPIRoutes(app *echo.Echo, cl *config.ModelConfigLoader, ml *model
 			installedBackendsCount = len(installedBackends)
 		}
 
+		// Get the detected system capability
+		detectedCapability := ""
+		if appConfig.SystemState != nil {
+			detectedCapability = appConfig.SystemState.DetectedCapability()
+		}
+
 		return c.JSON(200, map[string]interface{}{
 			"backends":           backendsJSON,
 			"repositories":       appConfig.BackendGalleries,
@@ -629,6 +635,7 @@ func RegisterUIAPIRoutes(app *echo.Echo, cl *config.ModelConfigLoader, ml *model
 			"totalPages":         totalPages,
 			"prevPage":           prevPage,
 			"nextPage":           nextPage,
+			"systemCapability":   detectedCapability,
 		})
 	})
 

core/http/views/backends.html

@@ -54,6 +54,11 @@
                         <span class="font-semibold text-cyan-300" x-text="installedBackends"></span>
                         <span class="text-[#94A3B8] ml-1">installed</span>
                     </a>
+                    <div class="flex items-center bg-[#101827] rounded-lg px-4 py-2 border border-[#38BDF8]/30">
+                        <i class="fas fa-microchip text-[#38BDF8] mr-2"></i>
+                        <span class="text-[#94A3B8] mr-1">Capability:</span>
+                        <span class="font-semibold text-[#38BDF8]" x-text="systemCapability"></span>
+                    </div>
                     <a href="https://localai.io/backends/" target="_blank" class="btn-primary">
                         <i class="fas fa-info-circle mr-2"></i>
                         <span>Documentation</span>
@@ -588,6 +593,7 @@ function backendsGallery() {
         totalPages: 1,
         availableBackends: 0,
         installedBackends: 0,
+        systemCapability: '',
         selectedBackend: null,
         jobProgress: {},
         notifications: [],
@@ -683,6 +689,7 @@ function backendsGallery() {
                 this.totalPages = data.totalPages || 1;
                 this.availableBackends = data.availableBackends || 0;
                 this.installedBackends = data.installedBackends || 0;
+                this.systemCapability = data.systemCapability || 'default';
             } catch (error) {
                 console.error('Error fetching backends:', error);
             } finally {

pkg/model/process.go

@@ -24,8 +24,6 @@ func (ml *ModelLoader) deleteProcess(s string) error {
 		return fmt.Errorf("model %s not found", s)
 	}
 
-	defer delete(ml.models, s)
-
 	retries := 1
 	for model.GRPC(false, ml.wd).IsBusy() {
 		xlog.Debug("Model busy. Waiting.", "model", s)
@@ -48,6 +46,7 @@ func (ml *ModelLoader) deleteProcess(s string) error {
 	if process == nil {
 		xlog.Error("No process", "model", s)
 		// Nothing to do as there is no process
+		delete(ml.models, s)
 		return nil
 	}
 
@@ -56,6 +55,10 @@ func (ml *ModelLoader) deleteProcess(s string) error {
 		xlog.Error("(deleteProcess) error while deleting process", "error", err, "model", s)
 	}
 
+	if err == nil {
+		delete(ml.models, s)
+	}
+
 	return err
 }
 

pkg/system/capabilities.go

@@ -12,15 +12,17 @@ import (
 )
 
 const (
+	// Public constants - used by tests and external packages
+	Nvidia = "nvidia"
+	AMD    = "amd"
+	Intel  = "intel"
+
+	// Private constants - only used within this package
 	defaultCapability = "default"
 	nvidiaL4T         = "nvidia-l4t"
 	darwinX86         = "darwin-x86"
 	metal             = "metal"
-	nvidia            = "nvidia"
-
-	amd    = "amd"
-	intel  = "intel"
-	vulkan = "vulkan"
+	vulkan            = "vulkan"
 
 	nvidiaCuda13    = "nvidia-cuda-13"
 	nvidiaCuda12    = "nvidia-cuda-12"
@@ -30,6 +32,16 @@ const (
 	capabilityEnv        = "LOCALAI_FORCE_META_BACKEND_CAPABILITY"
 	capabilityRunFileEnv = "LOCALAI_FORCE_META_BACKEND_CAPABILITY_RUN_FILE"
 	defaultRunFile       = "/run/localai/capability"
+
+	// Backend detection tokens (private)
+	backendTokenDarwin = "darwin"
+	backendTokenMLX    = "mlx"
+	backendTokenMetal  = "metal"
+	backendTokenL4T    = "l4t"
+	backendTokenCUDA   = "cuda"
+	backendTokenROCM   = "rocm"
+	backendTokenHIP    = "hip"
+	backendTokenSYCL   = "sycl"
 )
 
 var (
@@ -96,7 +108,7 @@ func (s *SystemState) getSystemCapabilities() string {
 
 	// If arm64 on linux and a nvidia gpu is detected, we will return nvidia-l4t
 	if runtime.GOOS == "linux" && runtime.GOARCH == "arm64" {
-		if s.GPUVendor == nvidia {
+		if s.GPUVendor == Nvidia {
 			xlog.Info("Using nvidia-l4t capability (arm64 on linux)", "env", capabilityEnv)
 			if cuda13DirExists {
 				return nvidiaL4TCuda13
@@ -131,7 +143,6 @@ func (s *SystemState) getSystemCapabilities() string {
 	return s.GPUVendor
 }
 
-
 // BackendPreferenceTokens returns a list of substrings that represent the preferred
 // backend implementation order for the current system capability. Callers can use
 // these tokens to select the most appropriate concrete backend among multiple
@@ -139,19 +150,76 @@ func (s *SystemState) getSystemCapabilities() string {
 func (s *SystemState) BackendPreferenceTokens() []string {
 	capStr := strings.ToLower(s.getSystemCapabilities())
 	switch {
-	case strings.HasPrefix(capStr, nvidia):
-		return []string{"cuda", "vulkan", "cpu"}
-	case strings.HasPrefix(capStr, amd):
-		return []string{"rocm", "hip", "vulkan", "cpu"}
-	case strings.HasPrefix(capStr, intel):
-		return []string{"sycl", intel, "cpu"}
+	case strings.HasPrefix(capStr, Nvidia):
+		return []string{backendTokenCUDA, vulkan, "cpu"}
+	case strings.HasPrefix(capStr, AMD):
+		return []string{backendTokenROCM, backendTokenHIP, vulkan, "cpu"}
+	case strings.HasPrefix(capStr, Intel):
+		return []string{backendTokenSYCL, Intel, "cpu"}
 	case strings.HasPrefix(capStr, metal):
-		return []string{"metal", "cpu"}
+		return []string{backendTokenMetal, "cpu"}
 	case strings.HasPrefix(capStr, darwinX86):
 		return []string{"darwin-x86", "cpu"}
 	case strings.HasPrefix(capStr, vulkan):
-		return []string{"vulkan", "cpu"}
+		return []string{vulkan, "cpu"}
 	default:
 		return []string{"cpu"}
 	}
 }
+
+// DetectedCapability returns the detected system capability string.
+// This can be used by the UI to display what capability was detected.
+func (s *SystemState) DetectedCapability() string {
+	return s.getSystemCapabilities()
+}
+
+// IsBackendCompatible checks if a backend (identified by name and URI) is compatible
+// with the current system capability. This function uses getSystemCapabilities to ensure
+// consistency with capability detection (including VRAM checks, environment overrides, etc.).
+func (s *SystemState) IsBackendCompatible(name, uri string) bool {
+	combined := strings.ToLower(name + " " + uri)
+	capability := s.getSystemCapabilities()
+
+	// Check for darwin/macOS-specific backends (mlx, metal, darwin)
+	isDarwinBackend := strings.Contains(combined, backendTokenDarwin) ||
+		strings.Contains(combined, backendTokenMLX) ||
+		strings.Contains(combined, backendTokenMetal)
+	if isDarwinBackend {
+		// Darwin backends require the system to be running on darwin with metal or darwin-x86 capability
+		return capability == metal || capability == darwinX86
+	}
+
+	// Check for NVIDIA L4T-specific backends (arm64 Linux with NVIDIA GPU)
+	// This must be checked before the general NVIDIA check as L4T backends
+	// may also contain "cuda" or "nvidia" in their names
+	isL4TBackend := strings.Contains(combined, backendTokenL4T)
+	if isL4TBackend {
+		return strings.HasPrefix(capability, nvidiaL4T)
+	}
+
+	// Check for NVIDIA/CUDA-specific backends (non-L4T)
+	isNvidiaBackend := strings.Contains(combined, backendTokenCUDA) ||
+		strings.Contains(combined, Nvidia)
+	if isNvidiaBackend {
+		// NVIDIA backends are compatible with nvidia, nvidia-cuda-12, nvidia-cuda-13, and l4t capabilities
+		return strings.HasPrefix(capability, Nvidia)
+	}
+
+	// Check for AMD/ROCm-specific backends
+	isAMDBackend := strings.Contains(combined, backendTokenROCM) ||
+		strings.Contains(combined, backendTokenHIP) ||
+		strings.Contains(combined, AMD)
+	if isAMDBackend {
+		return capability == AMD
+	}
+
+	// Check for Intel/SYCL-specific backends
+	isIntelBackend := strings.Contains(combined, backendTokenSYCL) ||
+		strings.Contains(combined, Intel)
+	if isIntelBackend {
+		return capability == Intel
+	}
+
+	// CPU backends are always compatible
+	return true
+}

swagger/docs.go

@@ -1198,6 +1198,30 @@ const docTemplate = `{
                 }
             }
         },
+        "/v1/messages": {
+            "post": {
+                "summary": "Generate a message response for the given messages and model.",
+                "parameters": [
+                    {
+                        "description": "query params",
+                        "name": "request",
+                        "in": "body",
+                        "required": true,
+                        "schema": {
+                            "$ref": "#/definitions/schema.AnthropicRequest"
+                        }
+                    }
+                ],
+                "responses": {
+                    "200": {
+                        "description": "Response",
+                        "schema": {
+                            "$ref": "#/definitions/schema.AnthropicResponse"
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        },
         "/v1/models": {
             "get": {
                 "summary": "List and describe the various models available in the API.",
@@ -1739,6 +1763,169 @@ const docTemplate = `{
                 }
             }
         },
+        "schema.AnthropicContentBlock": {
+            "type": "object",
+            "properties": {
+                "content": {},
+                "id": {
+                    "type": "string"
+                },
+                "input": {
+                    "type": "object",
+                    "additionalProperties": true
+                },
+                "is_error": {
+                    "type": "boolean"
+                },
+                "name": {
+                    "type": "string"
+                },
+                "source": {
+                    "$ref": "#/definitions/schema.AnthropicImageSource"
+                },
+                "text": {
+                    "type": "string"
+                },
+                "tool_use_id": {
+                    "type": "string"
+                },
+                "type": {
+                    "type": "string"
+                }
+            }
+        },
+        "schema.AnthropicImageSource": {
+            "type": "object",
+            "properties": {
+                "data": {
+                    "type": "string"
+                },
+                "media_type": {
+                    "type": "string"
+                },
+                "type": {
+                    "type": "string"
+                }
+            }
+        },
+        "schema.AnthropicMessage": {
+            "type": "object",
+            "properties": {
+                "content": {},
+                "role": {
+                    "type": "string"
+                }
+            }
+        },
+        "schema.AnthropicRequest": {
+            "type": "object",
+            "properties": {
+                "max_tokens": {
+                    "type": "integer"
+                },
+                "messages": {
+                    "type": "array",
+                    "items": {
+                        "$ref": "#/definitions/schema.AnthropicMessage"
+                    }
+                },
+                "metadata": {
+                    "type": "object",
+                    "additionalProperties": {
+                        "type": "string"
+                    }
+                },
+                "model": {
+                    "type": "string"
+                },
+                "stop_sequences": {
+                    "type": "array",
+                    "items": {
+                        "type": "string"
+                    }
+                },
+                "stream": {
+                    "type": "boolean"
+                },
+                "system": {
+                    "type": "string"
+                },
+                "temperature": {
+                    "type": "number"
+                },
+                "tool_choice": {},
+                "tools": {
+                    "type": "array",
+                    "items": {
+                        "$ref": "#/definitions/schema.AnthropicTool"
+                    }
+                },
+                "top_k": {
+                    "type": "integer"
+                },
+                "top_p": {
+                    "type": "number"
+                }
+            }
+        },
+        "schema.AnthropicResponse": {
+            "type": "object",
+            "properties": {
+                "content": {
+                    "type": "array",
+                    "items": {
+                        "$ref": "#/definitions/schema.AnthropicContentBlock"
+                    }
+                },
+                "id": {
+                    "type": "string"
+                },
+                "model": {
+                    "type": "string"
+                },
+                "role": {
+                    "type": "string"
+                },
+                "stop_reason": {
+                    "type": "string"
+                },
+                "stop_sequence": {
+                    "type": "string"
+                },
+                "type": {
+                    "type": "string"
+                },
+                "usage": {
+                    "$ref": "#/definitions/schema.AnthropicUsage"
+                }
+            }
+        },
+        "schema.AnthropicTool": {
+            "type": "object",
+            "properties": {
+                "description": {
+                    "type": "string"
+                },
+                "input_schema": {
+                    "type": "object",
+                    "additionalProperties": true
+                },
+                "name": {
+                    "type": "string"
+                }
+            }
+        },
+        "schema.AnthropicUsage": {
+            "type": "object",
+            "properties": {
+                "input_tokens": {
+                    "type": "integer"
+                },
+                "output_tokens": {
+                    "type": "integer"
+                }
+            }
+        },
         "schema.BackendMonitorRequest": {
             "type": "object",
             "properties": {
@@ -2229,6 +2416,10 @@ const docTemplate = `{
                     "description": "The message name (used for tools calls)",
                     "type": "string"
                 },
+                "reasoning": {
+                    "description": "Reasoning content extracted from \u003cthinking\u003e...\u003c/thinking\u003e tags",
+                    "type": "string"
+                },
                 "role": {
                     "description": "The message role",
                     "type": "string"

swagger/swagger.json

@@ -1191,6 +1191,30 @@
                 }
             }
         },
+        "/v1/messages": {
+            "post": {
+                "summary": "Generate a message response for the given messages and model.",
+                "parameters": [
+                    {
+                        "description": "query params",
+                        "name": "request",
+                        "in": "body",
+                        "required": true,
+                        "schema": {
+                            "$ref": "#/definitions/schema.AnthropicRequest"
+                        }
+                    }
+                ],
+                "responses": {
+                    "200": {
+                        "description": "Response",
+                        "schema": {
+                            "$ref": "#/definitions/schema.AnthropicResponse"
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        },
         "/v1/models": {
             "get": {
                 "summary": "List and describe the various models available in the API.",
@@ -1732,6 +1756,169 @@
                 }
             }
         },
+        "schema.AnthropicContentBlock": {
+            "type": "object",
+            "properties": {
+                "content": {},
+                "id": {
+                    "type": "string"
+                },
+                "input": {
+                    "type": "object",
+                    "additionalProperties": true
+                },
+                "is_error": {
+                    "type": "boolean"
+                },
+                "name": {
+                    "type": "string"
+                },
+                "source": {
+                    "$ref": "#/definitions/schema.AnthropicImageSource"
+                },
+                "text": {
+                    "type": "string"
+                },
+                "tool_use_id": {
+                    "type": "string"
+                },
+                "type": {
+                    "type": "string"
+                }
+            }
+        },
+        "schema.AnthropicImageSource": {
+            "type": "object",
+            "properties": {
+                "data": {
+                    "type": "string"
+                },
+                "media_type": {
+                    "type": "string"
+                },
+                "type": {
+                    "type": "string"
+                }
+            }
+        },
+        "schema.AnthropicMessage": {
+            "type": "object",
+            "properties": {
+                "content": {},
+                "role": {
+                    "type": "string"
+                }
+            }
+        },
+        "schema.AnthropicRequest": {
+            "type": "object",
+            "properties": {
+                "max_tokens": {
+                    "type": "integer"
+                },
+                "messages": {
+                    "type": "array",
+                    "items": {
+                        "$ref": "#/definitions/schema.AnthropicMessage"
+                    }
+                },
+                "metadata": {
+                    "type": "object",
+                    "additionalProperties": {
+                        "type": "string"
+                    }
+                },
+                "model": {
+                    "type": "string"
+                },
+                "stop_sequences": {
+                    "type": "array",
+                    "items": {
+                        "type": "string"
+                    }
+                },
+                "stream": {
+                    "type": "boolean"
+                },
+                "system": {
+                    "type": "string"
+                },
+                "temperature": {
+                    "type": "number"
+                },
+                "tool_choice": {},
+                "tools": {
+                    "type": "array",
+                    "items": {
+                        "$ref": "#/definitions/schema.AnthropicTool"
+                    }
+                },
+                "top_k": {
+                    "type": "integer"
+                },
+                "top_p": {
+                    "type": "number"
+                }
+            }
+        },
+        "schema.AnthropicResponse": {
+            "type": "object",
+            "properties": {
+                "content": {
+                    "type": "array",
+                    "items": {
+                        "$ref": "#/definitions/schema.AnthropicContentBlock"
+                    }
+                },
+                "id": {
+                    "type": "string"
+                },
+                "model": {
+                    "type": "string"
+                },
+                "role": {
+                    "type": "string"
+                },
+                "stop_reason": {
+                    "type": "string"
+                },
+                "stop_sequence": {
+                    "type": "string"
+                },
+                "type": {
+                    "type": "string"
+                },
+                "usage": {
+                    "$ref": "#/definitions/schema.AnthropicUsage"
+                }
+            }
+        },
+        "schema.AnthropicTool": {
+            "type": "object",
+            "properties": {
+                "description": {
+                    "type": "string"
+                },
+                "input_schema": {
+                    "type": "object",
+                    "additionalProperties": true
+                },
+                "name": {
+                    "type": "string"
+                }
+            }
+        },
+        "schema.AnthropicUsage": {
+            "type": "object",
+            "properties": {
+                "input_tokens": {
+                    "type": "integer"
+                },
+                "output_tokens": {
+                    "type": "integer"
+                }
+            }
+        },
         "schema.BackendMonitorRequest": {
             "type": "object",
             "properties": {
@@ -2222,6 +2409,10 @@
                     "description": "The message name (used for tools calls)",
                     "type": "string"
                 },
+                "reasoning": {
+                    "description": "Reasoning content extracted from \u003cthinking\u003e...\u003c/thinking\u003e tags",
+                    "type": "string"
+                },
                 "role": {
                     "description": "The message role",
                     "type": "string"

swagger/swagger.yaml

@@ -239,6 +239,114 @@ definitions:
       start:
         type: number
     type: object
+  schema.AnthropicContentBlock:
+    properties:
+      content: {}
+      id:
+        type: string
+      input:
+        additionalProperties: true
+        type: object
+      is_error:
+        type: boolean
+      name:
+        type: string
+      source:
+        $ref: '#/definitions/schema.AnthropicImageSource'
+      text:
+        type: string
+      tool_use_id:
+        type: string
+      type:
+        type: string
+    type: object
+  schema.AnthropicImageSource:
+    properties:
+      data:
+        type: string
+      media_type:
+        type: string
+      type:
+        type: string
+    type: object
+  schema.AnthropicMessage:
+    properties:
+      content: {}
+      role:
+        type: string
+    type: object
+  schema.AnthropicRequest:
+    properties:
+      max_tokens:
+        type: integer
+      messages:
+        items:
+          $ref: '#/definitions/schema.AnthropicMessage'
+        type: array
+      metadata:
+        additionalProperties:
+          type: string
+        type: object
+      model:
+        type: string
+      stop_sequences:
+        items:
+          type: string
+        type: array
+      stream:
+        type: boolean
+      system:
+        type: string
+      temperature:
+        type: number
+      tool_choice: {}
+      tools:
+        items:
+          $ref: '#/definitions/schema.AnthropicTool'
+        type: array
+      top_k:
+        type: integer
+      top_p:
+        type: number
+    type: object
+  schema.AnthropicResponse:
+    properties:
+      content:
+        items:
+          $ref: '#/definitions/schema.AnthropicContentBlock'
+        type: array
+      id:
+        type: string
+      model:
+        type: string
+      role:
+        type: string
+      stop_reason:
+        type: string
+      stop_sequence:
+        type: string
+      type:
+        type: string
+      usage:
+        $ref: '#/definitions/schema.AnthropicUsage'
+    type: object
+  schema.AnthropicTool:
+    properties:
+      description:
+        type: string
+      input_schema:
+        additionalProperties: true
+        type: object
+      name:
+        type: string
+    type: object
+  schema.AnthropicUsage:
+    properties:
+      input_tokens:
+        type: integer
+      output_tokens:
+        type: integer
+    type: object
   schema.BackendMonitorRequest:
     properties:
       model:
@@ -573,6 +681,9 @@ definitions:
       name:
         description: The message name (used for tools calls)
         type: string
+      reasoning:
+        description: Reasoning content extracted from <thinking>...</thinking> tags
+        type: string
       role:
         description: The message role
         type: string
@@ -1813,6 +1924,21 @@ paths:
           schema:
             $ref: '#/definitions/schema.OpenAIResponse'
       summary: Stream MCP chat completions with reasoning, tool calls, and results
+  /v1/messages:
+    post:
+      parameters:
+      - description: query params
+        in: body
+        name: request
+        required: true
+        schema:
+          $ref: '#/definitions/schema.AnthropicRequest'
+      responses:
+        "200":
+          description: Response
+          schema:
+            $ref: '#/definitions/schema.AnthropicResponse'
+      summary: Generate a message response for the given messages and model.
   /v1/models:
     get:
       responses: