fix(review): address self-review findings on the distributed install fixes

Three findings from an adversarial review of this branch:

1. CRITICAL - OpCache.GetStatus crashed under concurrent load. m.Map() returns
   the live internal map by reference, so deleting from it on the read path was
   an unsynchronized write to a map four HTTP handlers poll every ~1s -> a
   'concurrent map writes' fatal. Rewritten to iterate a Keys() snapshot, build
   a fresh result map, and apply evictions via the locked DeleteUUID after the
   loop. Added a -race concurrency regression guard.

2. HIGH - GetStatus evicted failed ops too, hiding them from /api/operations
   and breaking the dismiss-failed-op flow (the panel keeps Error != nil ops so
   the admin can read the error and click Dismiss). Eviction now fires only for
   terminal ops with Error == nil (success/cancelled); failures are retained.

3. MEDIUM - DeleteStalePendingBackendOps missed StatusUnhealthy nodes. A node
   marked unhealthy on a NATS ErrNoResponders never transitions to offline
   (health.go skips re-marking it), so its pending ops leaked exactly like the
   offline case. Unhealthy is now reaped via the same stale-heartbeat grace path
   (a fresh-heartbeat node is recovering and keeps its op).

Assisted-by: Claude:claude-opus-4-8 [Claude Code]
Signed-off-by: Ettore Di Giacinto <mudler@localai.io>

.github/backend-matrix.yml

@@ -1766,20 +1766,6 @@ include:
     dockerfile: "./backend/Dockerfile.llama-cpp"
     context: "./"
     ubuntu-version: '2404'
-  - build-type: 'hipblas'
-    cuda-major-version: ""
-    cuda-minor-version: ""
-    platforms: 'linux/amd64'
-    tag-latest: 'auto'
-    tag-suffix: '-gpu-rocm-hipblas-turboquant'
-    builder-base-image: 'quay.io/go-skynet/ci-cache:base-grpc-rocm-amd64'
-    runs-on: 'ubuntu-latest'
-    base-image: "rocm/dev-ubuntu-24.04:7.2.1"
-    skip-drivers: 'false'
-    backend: "turboquant"
-    dockerfile: "./backend/Dockerfile.turboquant"
-    context: "./"
-    ubuntu-version: '2404'
   - build-type: 'hipblas'
     cuda-major-version: ""
     cuda-minor-version: ""

backend/cpp/ik-llama-cpp/Makefile

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 
-IK_LLAMA_VERSION?=1520eda980564241434b791ce2bbbd128c4be9ea
+IK_LLAMA_VERSION?=6b9de3dbaa21ae95ea80638e5ee836795cc48c93
 LLAMA_REPO?=https://github.com/ikawrakow/ik_llama.cpp
 
 CMAKE_ARGS?=

backend/cpp/llama-cpp/Makefile

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 
-LLAMA_VERSION?=7c158fbb4aec1bdc9c81d6ca0e785139f4826fae
+LLAMA_VERSION?=31e82494c0a3913c919c1027fa70500fbf4c07dd
 LLAMA_REPO?=https://github.com/ggerganov/llama.cpp
 
 CMAKE_ARGS?=

backend/cpp/llama-cpp/grpc-server.cpp

@@ -482,23 +482,13 @@ static void params_parse(server_context& /*ctx_server*/, const backend::ModelOpt
     if (!request->draftmodel().empty()) {
         params.speculative.draft.mparams.path = request->draftmodel();
         // Default to draft type if a draft model is set but no explicit type.
-        // Upstream (post ggml-org/llama.cpp#22838) made the speculative type a
-        // vector; the turboquant fork still uses the legacy scalar. The
-        // LOCALAI_LEGACY_LLAMA_CPP_SPEC macro is injected by
-        // backend/cpp/turboquant/patch-grpc-server.sh for fork builds only.
-        // Upstream renamed COMMON_SPECULATIVE_TYPE_DRAFT -> ..._DRAFT_SIMPLE
-        // in ggml-org/llama.cpp#22964; the fork still uses the old name.
-#ifdef LOCALAI_LEGACY_LLAMA_CPP_SPEC
-        if (params.speculative.type == COMMON_SPECULATIVE_TYPE_NONE) {
-            params.speculative.type = COMMON_SPECULATIVE_TYPE_DRAFT;
-        }
-#else
+        // Upstream made the speculative type a vector (ggml-org/llama.cpp#22838)
+        // and renamed COMMON_SPECULATIVE_TYPE_DRAFT -> ..._DRAFT_SIMPLE (#22964).
         const bool no_spec_type = params.speculative.types.empty() ||
             (params.speculative.types.size() == 1 && params.speculative.types[0] == COMMON_SPECULATIVE_TYPE_NONE);
         if (no_spec_type) {
             params.speculative.types = { COMMON_SPECULATIVE_TYPE_DRAFT_SIMPLE };
         }
-#endif
     }
 
     //  params.model_alias ??
@@ -574,9 +564,10 @@ static void params_parse(server_context& /*ctx_server*/, const backend::ModelOpt
     // tokens (0 disables the minimum). Match upstream's default (256). This
     // field was renamed from `checkpoint_every_nt` in llama.cpp; the semantics
     // also shifted from a fixed cadence to a minimum spacing. The turboquant
-    // fork branched before the field existed, so skip it on the legacy path
-    // (LOCALAI_LEGACY_LLAMA_CPP_SPEC is injected by patch-grpc-server.sh).
-#ifndef LOCALAI_LEGACY_LLAMA_CPP_SPEC
+    // fork still lacks common_params::checkpoint_min_step, so skip it there
+    // (LOCALAI_TURBOQUANT_NO_CHECKPOINT_MIN_STEP is injected by
+    // backend/cpp/turboquant/patch-grpc-server.sh).
+#ifndef LOCALAI_TURBOQUANT_NO_CHECKPOINT_MIN_STEP
     params.checkpoint_min_step = 256;
 #endif
 
@@ -752,7 +743,7 @@ static void params_parse(server_context& /*ctx_server*/, const backend::ModelOpt
                 params.cache_idle_slots = false;
             }
 
-#ifndef LOCALAI_LEGACY_LLAMA_CPP_SPEC
+#ifndef LOCALAI_TURBOQUANT_NO_CHECKPOINT_MIN_STEP
         // --- minimum context-checkpoint spacing (upstream -cms / --checkpoint-min-step) ---
         // 0 disables the minimum-spacing gate. Old option names (`checkpoint_every_nt`,
         // `checkpoint_every_n_tokens`) are kept as aliases for backward compatibility
@@ -906,17 +897,6 @@ static void params_parse(server_context& /*ctx_server*/, const backend::ModelOpt
 
         // Speculative decoding options
         } else if (!strcmp(optname, "spec_type") || !strcmp(optname, "speculative_type")) {
-#ifdef LOCALAI_LEGACY_LLAMA_CPP_SPEC
-            // Fork only knows a single scalar `type`. Take the first comma-
-            // separated value and assign it via the singular helper.
-            std::string first = optval_str;
-            const auto comma = first.find(',');
-            if (comma != std::string::npos) first = first.substr(0, comma);
-            auto type = common_speculative_type_from_name(first);
-            if (type != COMMON_SPECULATIVE_TYPE_COUNT) {
-                params.speculative.type = type;
-            }
-#else
             // Upstream switched to a vector of types (comma-separated for multi-type
             // chaining via common_speculative_types_from_names). We keep accepting a
             // single value here, but also tolerate comma-separated lists.
@@ -945,7 +925,6 @@ static void params_parse(server_context& /*ctx_server*/, const backend::ModelOpt
             if (!parsed.empty()) {
                 params.speculative.types = parsed;
             }
-#endif
         } else if (!strcmp(optname, "spec_n_max") || !strcmp(optname, "draft_max")) {
             if (optval != NULL) {
                 try { params.speculative.draft.n_max = std::stoi(optval_str); } catch (...) {}
@@ -983,21 +962,6 @@ static void params_parse(server_context& /*ctx_server*/, const backend::ModelOpt
             // shares the target context size. Accept the option for backward
             // compatibility but silently ignore it.
 
-// Everything below relies on struct shape introduced in ggml-org/llama.cpp#22838
-// (parallel drafting): `ngram_mod`, `ngram_map_k`, `ngram_map_k4v`,
-// `ngram_cache`, and the `draft.{cache_type_*, cpuparams*, tensor_buft_overrides}`
-// fields. The turboquant fork branched before that, so its build defines
-// LOCALAI_LEGACY_LLAMA_CPP_SPEC via patch-grpc-server.sh and these option
-// keys become unrecognized (silently dropped, like any unknown opt) for it.
-//
-// The `#ifdef LOCALAI_LEGACY_LLAMA_CPP_SPEC` / `#else` split below sits at the
-// closing-brace position of the `draft_ctx_size` branch on purpose: in the
-// legacy build the chain ends here (the brace closes draft_ctx_size), and in
-// the modern build the chain continues with `} else if (...)` instead, so the
-// brace count stays balanced under both branches of the preprocessor.
-#ifdef LOCALAI_LEGACY_LLAMA_CPP_SPEC
-        }
-#else
         // --- ngram_mod family (upstream --spec-ngram-mod-*) ---
         } else if (!strcmp(optname, "spec_ngram_mod_n_min")) {
             if (optval != NULL) {
@@ -1127,7 +1091,6 @@ static void params_parse(server_context& /*ctx_server*/, const backend::ModelOpt
             }
             if (!cur.empty()) flush(cur);
         }
-#endif // LOCALAI_LEGACY_LLAMA_CPP_SPEC — closes the `else`/`#ifdef` opened at draft_ctx_size
     }
 
     // Set params.n_parallel from environment variable if not set via options (fallback)
@@ -1177,15 +1140,11 @@ static void params_parse(server_context& /*ctx_server*/, const backend::ModelOpt
             params.tensor_buft_overrides.push_back({nullptr, nullptr});
         }
     }
-    // The draft tensor_buft_overrides are only populated under the modern
-    // (post-#22838) layout, whose population code is itself gated by
-    // LOCALAI_LEGACY_LLAMA_CPP_SPEC above. The turboquant fork lacks
-    // common_params_speculative::draft entirely, so skip the sentinel there too.
-#ifndef LOCALAI_LEGACY_LLAMA_CPP_SPEC
+    // Terminate the draft tensor_buft_overrides list with a sentinel, mirroring
+    // the main-model handling above.
     if (!params.speculative.draft.tensor_buft_overrides.empty()) {
         params.speculative.draft.tensor_buft_overrides.push_back({nullptr, nullptr});
     }
-#endif
 
     // TODO: Add yarn
 

backend/cpp/turboquant/Makefile

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 
 # Pinned to the HEAD of feature/turboquant-kv-cache on https://github.com/TheTom/llama-cpp-turboquant.
 # Auto-bumped nightly by .github/workflows/bump_deps.yaml.
-TURBOQUANT_VERSION?=5aeb2fdbe26cd4c534c6fa15de73cb5749bd0403
+TURBOQUANT_VERSION?=7d9715f1f071fa07c7b2ad3dbfd320b314139e65
 LLAMA_REPO?=https://github.com/TheTom/llama-cpp-turboquant
 
 CMAKE_ARGS?=

backend/cpp/turboquant/patch-grpc-server.sh

@@ -4,21 +4,19 @@
 #
 #   1. Augment the kv_cache_types[] allow-list so `LoadModel` accepts the
 #      fork-specific `turbo2` / `turbo3` / `turbo4` cache types.
-#   2. Replace `get_media_marker()` (added upstream in ggml-org/llama.cpp#21962,
-#      server-side random per-instance marker) with the legacy "<__media__>"
-#      literal. The fork branched before that PR, so server-common.cpp has no
-#      get_media_marker symbol. The fork's mtmd_default_marker() still returns
-#      "<__media__>", and Go-side tooling falls back to that sentinel when the
-#      backend does not expose media_marker, so substituting the literal keeps
-#      behavior identical on the turboquant path.
-#   3. Revert the `common_params_speculative` field references to the
-#      pre-refactor flat layout. Upstream ggml-org/llama.cpp#22397 split the
-#      struct into nested `draft` / `ngram_simple` / `ngram_mod` / etc. members;
-#      the turboquant fork branched before that PR and still exposes the flat
-#      `n_max`, `mparams_dft`, `ngram_size_n`, ... fields. The substitutions
-#      below map the new nested paths back to the legacy flat names so the
-#      shared grpc-server.cpp keeps compiling against the fork's common.h.
-#      Drop this block once the fork rebases past #22397.
+#   2. Define LOCALAI_TURBOQUANT_NO_CHECKPOINT_MIN_STEP at the top of the file
+#      so the grpc-server option parser skips the two references to
+#      common_params::checkpoint_min_step (the default and the option handler).
+#      That field does not exist in the fork yet; drop this once it does.
+#
+# The fork used to lag upstream on the whole common_params_speculative refactor
+# (ggml-org/llama.cpp#22397/#22838/#22964), the model_tgt rename (#22838) and
+# get_media_marker (#21962), which required a much larger compat shim here
+# (flat-field sed renames + a coarse LOCALAI_LEGACY_LLAMA_CPP_SPEC define). The
+# fork has since rebased past all of those, so the only remaining gap is
+# checkpoint_min_step. If a future bump reintroduces a divergence, add a narrow
+# guard in grpc-server.cpp keyed on a fork-specific macro and inject it here
+# rather than resurrecting the coarse one.
 #
 # We patch the *copy* sitting in turboquant-<flavor>-build/, never the original
 # under backend/cpp/llama-cpp/, so the stock llama-cpp build keeps compiling
@@ -72,72 +70,20 @@ else
     echo "==> KV allow-list patch OK"
 fi
 
-if grep -q 'get_media_marker()' "$SRC"; then
-    echo "==> patching $SRC to replace get_media_marker() with legacy \"<__media__>\" literal"
-    # Only one call site today (ModelMetadata), but replace all occurrences to
-    # stay robust if upstream adds more. Use a temp file to avoid relying on
-    # sed -i portability (the builder image uses GNU sed, but keeping this
-    # consistent with the awk block above).
-    sed 's/get_media_marker()/"<__media__>"/g' "$SRC" > "$SRC.tmp"
-    mv "$SRC.tmp" "$SRC"
-    echo "==> get_media_marker() substitution OK"
+# 2. Define LOCALAI_TURBOQUANT_NO_CHECKPOINT_MIN_STEP at the top of the file so
+#    the grpc-server option parser skips the two references to
+#    common_params::checkpoint_min_step (the default assignment and the option
+#    handler). That field does not exist in the fork yet. Drop this block once
+#    the fork rebases past the bump that added checkpoint_min_step.
+if grep -q '^#define LOCALAI_TURBOQUANT_NO_CHECKPOINT_MIN_STEP' "$SRC"; then
+    echo "==> $SRC already defines LOCALAI_TURBOQUANT_NO_CHECKPOINT_MIN_STEP, skipping"
 else
-    echo "==> $SRC has no get_media_marker() call, skipping media-marker patch"
-fi
-
-if grep -q 'params\.speculative\.draft\.\|params\.speculative\.ngram_simple\.' "$SRC"; then
-    echo "==> patching $SRC to revert common_params_speculative refs to pre-#22397 flat layout"
-    # Each substitution is the exact post-refactor path → legacy flat field.
-    # Order doesn't matter because the source paths are disjoint, but we keep
-    # the most-specific (mparams.path) first for readability.
-    sed -E \
-        -e 's/params\.speculative\.draft\.mparams\.path/params.speculative.mparams_dft.path/g' \
-        -e 's/params\.speculative\.draft\.n_max/params.speculative.n_max/g' \
-        -e 's/params\.speculative\.draft\.n_min/params.speculative.n_min/g' \
-        -e 's/params\.speculative\.draft\.p_min/params.speculative.p_min/g' \
-        -e 's/params\.speculative\.draft\.p_split/params.speculative.p_split/g' \
-        -e 's/params\.speculative\.draft\.n_gpu_layers/params.speculative.n_gpu_layers/g' \
-        -e 's/params\.speculative\.draft\.n_ctx/params.speculative.n_ctx/g' \
-        -e 's/params\.speculative\.ngram_simple\.size_n/params.speculative.ngram_size_n/g' \
-        -e 's/params\.speculative\.ngram_simple\.size_m/params.speculative.ngram_size_m/g' \
-        -e 's/params\.speculative\.ngram_simple\.min_hits/params.speculative.ngram_min_hits/g' \
-        "$SRC" > "$SRC.tmp"
-    mv "$SRC.tmp" "$SRC"
-    echo "==> speculative field rename OK"
-else
-    echo "==> $SRC has no post-#22397 speculative field refs, skipping spec rename patch"
-fi
-
-# 4. Revert the `ctx_server.impl->model_tgt` rename introduced by upstream
-#    ggml-org/llama.cpp#22838 (parallel drafting). The turboquant fork still
-#    exposes the field as `model` on `server_context_impl`. The two call sites
-#    are in the Rerank and ModelMetadata RPC handlers.
-if grep -q 'ctx_server\.impl->model_tgt' "$SRC"; then
-    echo "==> patching $SRC to revert ctx_server.impl->model_tgt -> ctx_server.impl->model"
-    sed -E 's/ctx_server\.impl->model_tgt/ctx_server.impl->model/g' "$SRC" > "$SRC.tmp"
-    mv "$SRC.tmp" "$SRC"
-    echo "==> model_tgt rename OK"
-else
-    echo "==> $SRC has no ctx_server.impl->model_tgt refs, skipping model_tgt rename patch"
-fi
-
-# 5. Define LOCALAI_LEGACY_LLAMA_CPP_SPEC at the top of the file so the
-#    grpc-server option parser skips the new option-handler blocks (ngram_mod,
-#    ngram_map_k, ngram_map_k4v, ngram_cache, draft.cache_type_*, draft.cpuparams*,
-#    draft.tensor_buft_overrides) introduced for the post-#22838 layout, the
-#    draft.tensor_buft_overrides sentinel termination, and the
-#    common_params::checkpoint_min_step default/option (added with the
-#    35c9b1f3 bump). Those blocks reference struct fields that simply do not
-#    exist in the fork.
-if grep -q '^#define LOCALAI_LEGACY_LLAMA_CPP_SPEC' "$SRC"; then
-    echo "==> $SRC already defines LOCALAI_LEGACY_LLAMA_CPP_SPEC, skipping"
-else
-    echo "==> patching $SRC to define LOCALAI_LEGACY_LLAMA_CPP_SPEC at the top"
-    # Insert the define before the very first `#include` so it precedes all the
-    # speculative-decoding code paths.
+    echo "==> patching $SRC to define LOCALAI_TURBOQUANT_NO_CHECKPOINT_MIN_STEP at the top"
+    # Insert the define before the very first `#include` so it precedes the
+    # checkpoint_min_step references.
     awk '
         !done && /^#include/ {
-            print "#define LOCALAI_LEGACY_LLAMA_CPP_SPEC 1"
+            print "#define LOCALAI_TURBOQUANT_NO_CHECKPOINT_MIN_STEP 1"
             print "// ^ injected by backend/cpp/turboquant/patch-grpc-server.sh"
             print ""
             done = 1
@@ -145,13 +91,13 @@ else
         { print }
         END {
             if (!done) {
-                print "patch-grpc-server.sh: no #include anchor found to insert LOCALAI_LEGACY_LLAMA_CPP_SPEC" > "/dev/stderr"
+                print "patch-grpc-server.sh: no #include anchor found to insert LOCALAI_TURBOQUANT_NO_CHECKPOINT_MIN_STEP" > "/dev/stderr"
                 exit 1
             }
         }
     ' "$SRC" > "$SRC.tmp"
     mv "$SRC.tmp" "$SRC"
-    echo "==> LOCALAI_LEGACY_LLAMA_CPP_SPEC define OK"
+    echo "==> LOCALAI_TURBOQUANT_NO_CHECKPOINT_MIN_STEP define OK"
 fi
 
 echo "==> all patches applied"

backend/cpp/turboquant/patches/0001-hip-guard-copy2d-peer-fastpath.patch

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+hip: port the turboquant CUDA additions that ggml's HIP shim doesn't cover
+
+The turboquant fork adds/modifies a few ggml-cuda.cu spots with CUDA APIs
+that ggml's HIP (and MUSA) compatibility layer does not provide, breaking
+the -gpu-rocm-hipblas-turboquant build:
+
+  1. ggml_cuda_copy2d_across_devices() (host-staged cross-device copy for
+     split mul_mat output) uses the CUDA 3D-peer copy APIs
+     cudaMemcpy3DPeerParms / make_cudaPitchedPtr / make_cudaExtent /
+     cudaMemcpy3DPeerAsync. HIP genuinely does not support these (see the
+     fork's own comment "HIP does not support cudaMemcpy3DPeerAsync"), so
+     guard the peer fast path with #if !defined(GGML_USE_HIP) &&
+     !defined(GGML_USE_MUSA) -- matching how the fork already guards the
+     same API for the sibling 2D copy -- and fall through to the existing
+     cudaMemcpyAsync staging fallback below (functionally identical,
+     slightly slower on multi-GPU ROCm).
+
+  2. ggml_backend_cuda_device_event_new() creates its event with plain
+     cudaEventCreate, which ggml's HIP shim does not alias (it only aliases
+     cudaEventCreateWithFlags). Use cudaEventCreateWithFlags(..., 
+     cudaEventDisableTiming) -- exactly what the rest of this file already
+     does (cf. lines ~1034, ~3461) and HIP-safe.
+
+CUDA builds are unaffected. Drop the relevant hunk once the fork HIP-ports
+these; apply-patches.sh fails fast if an anchor goes stale.
+
+diff --git a/ggml/src/ggml-cuda/ggml-cuda.cu b/ggml/src/ggml-cuda/ggml-cuda.cu
+index 0427e6b..6352e6a 100644
+--- a/ggml/src/ggml-cuda/ggml-cuda.cu
++++ b/ggml/src/ggml-cuda/ggml-cuda.cu
+@@ -1933,6 +1933,7 @@ static cudaError_t ggml_cuda_copy2d_across_devices(
+     size_t width, size_t height, cudaStream_t dst_stream, cudaStream_t src_stream) {
+ 
+     const auto & info = ggml_cuda_info();
++#if !defined(GGML_USE_HIP) && !defined(GGML_USE_MUSA)  // 3D-peer copy types unmapped by ggml's HIP/MUSA shim; use staging fallback below
+     if (info.peer_access[src_device][dst_device]) {
+         cudaMemcpy3DPeerParms p = {};
+         p.dstDevice = dst_device;
+@@ -1942,6 +1943,7 @@ static cudaError_t ggml_cuda_copy2d_across_devices(
+         p.extent = make_cudaExtent(width, height, 1);
+         return cudaMemcpy3DPeerAsync(&p, dst_stream);
+     }
++#endif // !defined(GGML_USE_HIP) && !defined(GGML_USE_MUSA)
+ 
+     // Fallback: stage all rows through a single contiguous pinned buffer
+     int prev_device = ggml_cuda_get_device();
+@@ -5714,7 +5716,7 @@ static ggml_backend_event_t ggml_backend_cuda_device_event_new(ggml_backend_dev_
+     ggml_cuda_set_device(dev_ctx->device);
+ 
+     cudaEvent_t event;
+-    CUDA_CHECK(cudaEventCreate(&event));
++    CUDA_CHECK(cudaEventCreateWithFlags(&event, cudaEventDisableTiming));
+ 
+     return new ggml_backend_event {
+         /* .device  = */ dev,

backend/go/parakeet-cpp/Makefile

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # parakeet-cpp backend Makefile.
 #
-# Upstream pin lives below as PARAKEET_VERSION?=b11fe5bca78ad8b342dd559a43d76df3984bb447
+# Upstream pin lives below as PARAKEET_VERSION?=e270af73b94c9a5c37ec516230219ed4580e1db6
 # (.github/bump_deps.sh) can find and update it - matches the
 # whisper.cpp / ds4 / vibevoice-cpp convention.
 #
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
 # That's what the L0 smoke test uses. The default target below does the
 # proper clone-at-pin + cmake build so CI doesn't need a side-checkout.
 
-PARAKEET_VERSION?=b11fe5bca78ad8b342dd559a43d76df3984bb447
+PARAKEET_VERSION?=e270af73b94c9a5c37ec516230219ed4580e1db6
 PARAKEET_REPO?=https://github.com/mudler/parakeet.cpp
 
 GOCMD?=go

backend/go/parakeet-cpp/batcher.go

@@ -7,8 +7,12 @@ import "time"
 type batchRequest struct {
 	pcm     []float32
 	decoder int32
-	tag     string
-	reply   chan batchReply
+	// language is the per-request target locale ("" means the model default).
+	// parakeet.cpp's batched C-API takes ONE target_lang for the whole batch,
+	// so the dispatcher only coalesces requests that share a language.
+	language string
+	tag      string
+	reply    chan batchReply
 }
 
 // batchReply carries one per-item JSON object string (an element of the C-API's
@@ -43,13 +47,25 @@ func newBatcher(maxSize int, maxWait time.Duration, runBatch func([]*batchReques
 // run is the dispatcher loop: accumulate submitted requests until either maxSize
 // is reached or maxWait elapses since the first queued request, then dispatch.
 // Exits when stop is closed (draining any partially-filled batch first).
+//
+// A batch carries ONE language (parakeet.cpp's batched C-API takes a single
+// target_lang), so a request whose language differs from the batch leader is
+// not coalesced: it is held in carry and becomes the leader of the next batch.
+// carry is therefore never dropped and its caller never deadlocks: every batch
+// (including a lone carry on stop) is dispatched, and runBatch replies to all.
 func (b *batcher) run(stop <-chan struct{}) {
+	var carry *batchRequest
 	for {
 		var first *batchRequest
-		select {
-		case first = <-b.submit:
-		case <-stop:
-			return
+		if carry != nil {
+			// A mismatched request from the previous fill leads this batch.
+			first, carry = carry, nil
+		} else {
+			select {
+			case first = <-b.submit:
+			case <-stop:
+				return
+			}
 		}
 		batch := []*batchRequest{first}
 
@@ -64,12 +80,22 @@ func (b *batcher) run(stop <-chan struct{}) {
 		for len(batch) < b.maxSize {
 			select {
 			case r := <-b.submit:
+				if r.language != first.language {
+					// Different language: carry it to the next batch so this
+					// batch stays single-language, then dispatch what we have.
+					carry = r
+					break fill
+				}
 				batch = append(batch, r)
 			case <-timer.C:
 				break fill
 			case <-stop:
 				timer.Stop()
 				b.runBatch(batch)
+				// Don't strand a carried request's caller on shutdown.
+				if carry != nil {
+					b.runBatch([]*batchRequest{carry})
+				}
 				return
 			}
 		}

backend/go/parakeet-cpp/batcher_test.go

@@ -105,4 +105,60 @@ var _ = Describe("batcher", func() {
 		go func() { <-rep }()
 		Eventually(dispatched, "2s").Should(Receive(Equal(1)))
 	})
+
+	It("never coalesces requests with different languages into one batch", func() {
+		// parakeet.cpp's batched C-API takes ONE target_lang per batch, so the
+		// dispatcher must keep every dispatched batch single-language. Submit a
+		// mix of languages and assert (a) no batch ever carries more than one
+		// distinct language and (b) every submitted request still gets a reply
+		// (the mismatched carry-over is never dropped).
+		var mu sync.Mutex
+		var langsPerBatch [][]string
+		run := func(reqs []*batchRequest) {
+			seen := map[string]struct{}{}
+			var distinct []string
+			for _, r := range reqs {
+				if _, ok := seen[r.language]; !ok {
+					seen[r.language] = struct{}{}
+					distinct = append(distinct, r.language)
+				}
+			}
+			mu.Lock()
+			langsPerBatch = append(langsPerBatch, distinct)
+			mu.Unlock()
+			echoReply(reqs)
+		}
+		// Large window + size so the fill loop stays open across submits and the
+		// language constraint (not the timer) is what splits the batches.
+		b := newBatcher(16, 200*time.Millisecond, run)
+		stop := make(chan struct{})
+		go b.run(stop)
+		defer close(stop)
+
+		langs := []string{"en", "en", "de", "de", "en", "fr", "fr"}
+		const N = 7
+		var wg sync.WaitGroup
+		got := make([]string, N)
+		for i := 0; i < N; i++ {
+			wg.Add(1)
+			go func(i int) {
+				defer wg.Done()
+				rep := make(chan batchReply, 1)
+				b.submit <- &batchRequest{tag: string(rune('a' + i)), language: langs[i], reply: rep}
+				got[i] = (<-rep).json
+			}(i)
+		}
+		wg.Wait()
+
+		mu.Lock()
+		defer mu.Unlock()
+		// Invariant: every dispatched batch is single-language.
+		for _, distinct := range langsPerBatch {
+			Expect(len(distinct)).To(Equal(1), "a batch coalesced more than one language: %v", distinct)
+		}
+		// Liveness: every request got a reply (carry-over never stranded).
+		for i := 0; i < N; i++ {
+			Expect(got[i]).To(Equal(string(rune('a' + i))))
+		}
+	})
 })

backend/go/parakeet-cpp/goparakeetcpp.go

@@ -48,6 +48,13 @@ var (
 	// side reads them as const float*/const int*.
 	CppTranscribePcmBatchJSON func(ctx uintptr, samplesConcat []float32, nSamples []int32, nClips int32, sampleRate int32, decoder int32) uintptr
 
+	// CppTranscribePcmBatchJSONLang is the multilingual variant of the batched
+	// JSON entry point: identical, plus a trailing target_lang. "" (the model
+	// default, "auto") is passed for non-prompt models, which ignore it; an
+	// unknown locale on a prompt model returns 0 and sets last_error. Present
+	// only in newer libparakeet.so; nil falls back to CppTranscribePcmBatchJSON.
+	CppTranscribePcmBatchJSONLang func(ctx uintptr, samplesConcat []float32, nSamples []int32, nClips int32, sampleRate int32, decoder int32, targetLang string) uintptr
+
 	// Cache-aware streaming (RNN-T) entry points. stream_begin returns 0 for
 	// non-streaming models. feed/finalize return a malloc'd char* (uintptr,
 	// freed via CppFreeString); feed writes 1 to *eouOut on an <EOU>/<EOB>.
@@ -55,6 +62,18 @@ var (
 	CppStreamFeed     func(s uintptr, pcm []float32, nSamples int32, eouOut unsafe.Pointer) uintptr
 	CppStreamFinalize func(s uintptr) uintptr
 	CppStreamFree     func(s uintptr)
+
+	// CppStreamBeginLang is the multilingual variant of stream_begin: identical,
+	// plus a trailing target_lang ("" means the model default). Present only in
+	// newer libparakeet.so; nil falls back to CppStreamBegin.
+	CppStreamBeginLang func(ctx uintptr, targetLang string) uintptr
+
+	// Streaming JSON variants (ABI v4): feed/finalize returning a malloc'd char*
+	// JSON document {text,eou,frame_sec,words} (uintptr, freed via CppFreeString)
+	// so streaming segments can carry per-word timestamps. Present only in newer
+	// libparakeet.so; nil falls back to the text-only CppStreamFeed/Finalize path.
+	CppStreamFeedJSON     func(s uintptr, pcm []float32, nSamples int32) uintptr
+	CppStreamFinalizeJSON func(s uintptr) uintptr
 )
 
 // streamChunkSamples is how much 16 kHz mono PCM we hand to stream_feed per
@@ -72,9 +91,26 @@ const streamChunkSamples = 16000
 //
 // "start"/"end"/"t" are seconds; "conf" is confidence in (0,1].
 type transcriptJSON struct {
-	Text   string            `json:"text"`
-	Words  []transcriptWord  `json:"words"`
-	Tokens []transcriptToken `json:"tokens"`
+	Text     string            `json:"text"`
+	FrameSec float64           `json:"frame_sec"`
+	Words    []transcriptWord  `json:"words"`
+	Tokens   []transcriptToken `json:"tokens"`
+}
+
+// streamFeedJSON mirrors the document returned by
+// parakeet_capi_stream_feed_json / parakeet_capi_stream_finalize_json (ABI v4):
+//
+//	{"text":"...","eou":0,"frame_sec":0.080000,
+//	 "words":[{"w":"...","start":0.480,"end":0.640,"conf":0.9100}, ...]}
+//
+// "text" is the newly-finalized text since the last call; "eou" is 1 when an
+// <EOU>/<EOB> fired this feed; "words" are the words finalized this call with
+// absolute (stream-relative) start/end seconds.
+type streamFeedJSON struct {
+	Text     string           `json:"text"`
+	Eou      int              `json:"eou"`
+	FrameSec float64          `json:"frame_sec"`
+	Words    []transcriptWord `json:"words"`
 }
 
 type transcriptWord struct {
@@ -103,6 +139,10 @@ type ParakeetCpp struct {
 	engineMu sync.Mutex // sole guard of the one C engine (dispatcher + streaming)
 	bat      *batcher
 	batStop  chan struct{}
+	// segmentGapFrames is NeMo's segment_gap_threshold in ENCODER FRAMES (model
+	// YAML option, default 0=off). When >0 it adds NeMo's silence-gap split on
+	// top of the punctuation split; converted to seconds via the JSON frame_sec.
+	segmentGapFrames int
 }
 
 // Load is the LocalAI gRPC entry point for LoadModel: it calls
@@ -132,6 +172,11 @@ func (p *ParakeetCpp) Load(opts *pb.ModelOptions) error {
 	if maxWaitMs < 0 {
 		maxWaitMs = 0
 	}
+
+	// NeMo's segment_gap_threshold (encoder frames, default 0=off). Off by
+	// default matches NeMo's default (punctuation-only segments); when set it
+	// additionally splits segments on inter-word silence (see transcriptResultFromDoc).
+	p.segmentGapFrames = optInt(opts, "segment_gap_threshold", 0)
 	if CppTranscribePcmBatchJSON != nil {
 		p.batStop = make(chan struct{})
 		p.bat = newBatcher(maxSize, time.Duration(maxWaitMs)*time.Millisecond, p.runBatch)
@@ -187,8 +232,19 @@ func (p *ParakeetCpp) runBatch(reqs []*batchRequest) {
 	if len(reqs) > 0 {
 		dec = reqs[0].decoder
 	}
+	// All requests in a batch share one language (the batcher coalesces only
+	// same-language requests), so any element's language describes the batch.
+	lang := ""
+	if len(reqs) > 0 {
+		lang = reqs[0].language
+	}
 	p.engineMu.Lock()
-	cstr := CppTranscribePcmBatchJSON(p.ctxPtr, concat, nSamples, int32(len(reqs)), 16000, dec)
+	var cstr uintptr
+	if CppTranscribePcmBatchJSONLang != nil {
+		cstr = CppTranscribePcmBatchJSONLang(p.ctxPtr, concat, nSamples, int32(len(reqs)), 16000, dec, lang)
+	} else {
+		cstr = CppTranscribePcmBatchJSON(p.ctxPtr, concat, nSamples, int32(len(reqs)), 16000, dec)
+	}
 	p.engineMu.Unlock()
 	if cstr == 0 {
 		err := fmt.Errorf("parakeet-cpp: batch transcribe failed: %s", CppLastError(p.ctxPtr))
@@ -226,8 +282,9 @@ func (p *ParakeetCpp) runBatch(reqs []*batchRequest) {
 // OpenAI API, whose default is segment-level); token ids always populate
 // Segment.Tokens.
 //
-// translate/diarize/prompt/temperature/language/threads are not applicable to
-// parakeet and are ignored; streaming is handled by AudioTranscriptionStream
+// translate/diarize/prompt/temperature/threads are not applicable to parakeet
+// and are ignored; language is honored on the batched + streaming paths (see
+// opts.GetLanguage() below); streaming is handled by AudioTranscriptionStream
 // (L2).
 func (p *ParakeetCpp) AudioTranscription(ctx context.Context, opts *pb.TranscriptRequest) (pb.TranscriptResult, error) {
 	if p.ctxPtr == 0 {
@@ -259,7 +316,7 @@ func (p *ParakeetCpp) AudioTranscription(ctx context.Context, opts *pb.Transcrip
 		if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(raw), &doc); err != nil {
 			return pb.TranscriptResult{}, fmt.Errorf("parakeet-cpp: decode transcript json: %w", err)
 		}
-		return transcriptResultFromDoc(doc, opts), nil
+		return transcriptResultFromDoc(doc, opts, p.segmentGapFrames), nil
 	}
 
 	// Batched path: decode to PCM, submit to the batcher, wait for this request's
@@ -271,7 +328,7 @@ func (p *ParakeetCpp) AudioTranscription(ctx context.Context, opts *pb.Transcrip
 	}
 	rep := make(chan batchReply, 1)
 	select {
-	case p.bat.submit <- &batchRequest{pcm: pcm, decoder: 0, reply: rep}:
+	case p.bat.submit <- &batchRequest{pcm: pcm, decoder: 0, language: opts.GetLanguage(), reply: rep}:
 	case <-ctx.Done():
 		return pb.TranscriptResult{}, status.Error(codes.Canceled, "transcription cancelled")
 	}
@@ -288,34 +345,169 @@ func (p *ParakeetCpp) AudioTranscription(ctx context.Context, opts *pb.Transcrip
 	if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(res.json), &doc); err != nil {
 		return pb.TranscriptResult{}, fmt.Errorf("parakeet-cpp: decode transcript json: %w", err)
 	}
-	return transcriptResultFromDoc(doc, opts), nil
+	return transcriptResultFromDoc(doc, opts, p.segmentGapFrames), nil
 }
 
+// segmentSeparators is NeMo's default segment_seperators (sentence-ending
+// punctuation). Splitting on these matches NeMo's default segment timestamps.
+var segmentSeparators = []rune{'.', '?', '!'}
+
 // transcriptResultFromDoc maps a decoded transcriptJSON to a TranscriptResult,
-// synthesising a single whole-clip segment and attaching word timings only when
-// the caller requested word granularity. Shared by the batched and direct paths.
-func transcriptResultFromDoc(doc transcriptJSON, opts *pb.TranscriptRequest) pb.TranscriptResult {
+// grouping words into NeMo-faithful segments (see splitWordsIntoSegments). The
+// optional gapFrames (NeMo's segment_gap_threshold, in encoder FRAMES; 0=off)
+// additionally splits on inter-word silence; it is converted to a seconds gap
+// with the document's frame_sec. Per-segment word timings are attached only when
+// the caller requested word granularity; token ids populate each segment's
+// Tokens by time-window membership. Shared by the batched and direct paths.
+func transcriptResultFromDoc(doc transcriptJSON, opts *pb.TranscriptRequest, gapFrames int) pb.TranscriptResult {
 	text := strings.TrimSpace(doc.Text)
-	words := make([]*pb.TranscriptWord, 0, len(doc.Words))
-	for _, w := range doc.Words {
-		words = append(words, &pb.TranscriptWord{Start: secondsToNanos(w.Start), End: secondsToNanos(w.End), Text: w.W})
+
+	// Frame-unit gap threshold -> seconds (NeMo segment_gap_threshold). 0 = off.
+	gapSeconds := 0.0
+	if gapFrames > 0 {
+		if doc.FrameSec > 0 {
+			gapSeconds = float64(gapFrames) * doc.FrameSec
+		} else {
+			xlog.Warn("parakeet-cpp: segment_gap_threshold set but libparakeet.so " +
+				"did not report frame_sec; falling back to punctuation-only segments")
+		}
 	}
-	tokens := make([]int32, 0, len(doc.Tokens))
-	for _, t := range doc.Tokens {
-		tokens = append(tokens, t.ID)
+
+	groups := splitWordsIntoSegments(doc.Words, segmentSeparators, gapSeconds)
+	if len(groups) == 0 {
+		// No words (edge case): single whole-clip text segment.
+		return pb.TranscriptResult{
+			Text:     text,
+			Segments: []*pb.TranscriptSegment{{Id: 0, Text: text}},
+		}
 	}
-	var segStart, segEnd int64
-	if len(words) > 0 {
-		segStart = words[0].Start
-		segEnd = words[len(words)-1].End
+
+	wantWords := wordsRequested(opts.TimestampGranularities)
+	segments := make([]*pb.TranscriptSegment, 0, len(groups))
+	for id, group := range groups {
+		parts := make([]string, len(group))
+		for i, gw := range group {
+			parts[i] = gw.W
+		}
+		seg := &pb.TranscriptSegment{
+			Id:     int32(id),
+			Start:  secondsToNanos(group[0].Start),
+			End:    secondsToNanos(group[len(group)-1].End),
+			Text:   strings.TrimSpace(strings.Join(parts, " ")),
+			Tokens: tokensInWindow(doc.Tokens, group[0].Start, group[len(group)-1].End),
+		}
+		if wantWords {
+			ws := make([]*pb.TranscriptWord, len(group))
+			for i, gw := range group {
+				ws[i] = &pb.TranscriptWord{Start: secondsToNanos(gw.Start), End: secondsToNanos(gw.End), Text: gw.W}
+			}
+			seg.Words = ws
+		}
+		segments = append(segments, seg)
 	}
-	seg := &pb.TranscriptSegment{Id: 0, Start: segStart, End: segEnd, Text: text, Tokens: tokens}
-	if wordsRequested(opts.TimestampGranularities) {
-		seg.Words = words
-	}
-	return pb.TranscriptResult{Text: text, Segments: []*pb.TranscriptSegment{seg}}
+	return pb.TranscriptResult{Text: text, Segments: segments}
 }
 
+// splitWordsIntoSegments groups words into segments exactly as NeMo's
+// get_segment_offsets does (nemo/collections/asr/parts/utils/timestamp_utils.py).
+// Walking the words, it closes a segment when (1) the gap rule is enabled
+// (gapSeconds > 0) and the segment already has words and the gap from the
+// previous word's end to this word's start is >= gapSeconds - the current word
+// then STARTS a new segment - or, checked only when the gap rule did not apply
+// (NeMo's elif), (2) the word ends with (or is) a separator, which closes the
+// segment INCLUDING that word. Trailing words flush into a final segment.
+// gapSeconds <= 0 disables the gap rule, matching NeMo's default
+// segment_gap_threshold=None (punctuation-only segments).
+func splitWordsIntoSegments(words []transcriptWord, separators []rune, gapSeconds float64) [][]transcriptWord {
+	var segments [][]transcriptWord
+	var cur []transcriptWord
+	for i, word := range words {
+		gapActive := gapSeconds > 0 && len(cur) > 0
+		if gapActive && (word.Start-words[i-1].End) >= gapSeconds {
+			segments = append(segments, cur)
+			cur = []transcriptWord{word}
+			continue
+		}
+		if !gapActive && endsWithSeparator(word.W, separators) {
+			cur = append(cur, word)
+			segments = append(segments, cur)
+			cur = nil
+			continue
+		}
+		cur = append(cur, word)
+	}
+	if len(cur) > 0 {
+		segments = append(segments, cur)
+	}
+	return segments
+}
+
+// endsWithSeparator reports whether w's last rune is in separators (matching
+// NeMo's `word[-1] in delims or word in delims`).
+func endsWithSeparator(w string, separators []rune) bool {
+	r := []rune(strings.TrimSpace(w))
+	if len(r) == 0 {
+		return false
+	}
+	last := r[len(r)-1]
+	for _, s := range separators {
+		if last == s {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+// tokensInWindow returns the ids of tokens whose timestamp t falls in
+// [start, end] (inclusive), assigning each token to the segment that spans its
+// time. The last segment's end is the last word end, so the final token is
+// included.
+func tokensInWindow(tokens []transcriptToken, start, end float64) []int32 {
+	var ids []int32
+	for _, t := range tokens {
+		if t.T >= start && t.T <= end {
+			ids = append(ids, t.ID)
+		}
+	}
+	return ids
+}
+
+// streamSegmenter accumulates streaming words into per-utterance segments. EOU
+// is the model's own utterance boundary; each closed segment takes its start/end
+// from its first/last accumulated word.
+type streamSegmenter struct {
+	segs   []*pb.TranscriptSegment
+	cur    []transcriptWord
+	nextID int32
+}
+
+func (s *streamSegmenter) add(doc streamFeedJSON) {
+	s.cur = append(s.cur, doc.Words...)
+	if doc.Eou != 0 {
+		s.flush()
+	}
+}
+
+func (s *streamSegmenter) flush() {
+	if len(s.cur) == 0 {
+		return
+	}
+	parts := make([]string, len(s.cur))
+	for i, w := range s.cur {
+		parts[i] = w.W
+	}
+	s.segs = append(s.segs, &pb.TranscriptSegment{
+		Id:    s.nextID,
+		Start: secondsToNanos(s.cur[0].Start),
+		End:   secondsToNanos(s.cur[len(s.cur)-1].End),
+		Text:  strings.TrimSpace(strings.Join(parts, " ")),
+	})
+	s.nextID++
+	s.cur = nil
+}
+
+func (s *streamSegmenter) segments() []*pb.TranscriptSegment { return s.segs }
+
 // wordsRequested reports whether the caller asked for word-level timestamps.
 // The OpenAI transcription API gates word timings behind
 // timestamp_granularities[] containing "word" and defaults to segment-level
@@ -361,7 +553,12 @@ func (p *ParakeetCpp) AudioTranscriptionStream(ctx context.Context, opts *pb.Tra
 		return status.Error(codes.Canceled, "transcription cancelled")
 	}
 
-	stream := CppStreamBegin(p.ctxPtr)
+	var stream uintptr
+	if CppStreamBeginLang != nil {
+		stream = CppStreamBeginLang(p.ctxPtr, opts.GetLanguage())
+	} else {
+		stream = CppStreamBegin(p.ctxPtr)
+	}
 	if stream == 0 {
 		// Not a cache-aware streaming model: run a normal offline
 		// transcription and emit it as one delta + a closing final result.
@@ -390,6 +587,14 @@ func (p *ParakeetCpp) AudioTranscriptionStream(ctx context.Context, opts *pb.Tra
 		return err
 	}
 
+	// ABI v4: when the streaming JSON entry points are present, drive them so the
+	// per-utterance segments carry per-word start/end timestamps. Falls through to
+	// the text-only loop below against an older libparakeet.so. Runs under the
+	// engineMu already held above.
+	if CppStreamFeedJSON != nil {
+		return p.streamJSON(ctx, stream, data, duration, results)
+	}
+
 	var (
 		full     strings.Builder
 		segText  strings.Builder
@@ -466,6 +671,71 @@ func (p *ParakeetCpp) AudioTranscriptionStream(ctx context.Context, opts *pb.Tra
 	return nil
 }
 
+// streamJSON drives the ABI v4 streaming JSON entry points: each feed/finalize
+// returns a {text,eou,frame_sec,words} document. The newly-finalized text is
+// emitted as a delta (unchanged streaming contract) while words are accumulated
+// into per-utterance segments (closed on EOU) so the closing FinalResult carries
+// timestamped segments. Runs under engineMu (already held by the caller).
+func (p *ParakeetCpp) streamJSON(ctx context.Context, stream uintptr, data []float32,
+	duration float32, results chan *pb.TranscriptStreamResponse) error {
+	var (
+		full strings.Builder
+		seg  streamSegmenter
+	)
+	// consume frees the malloc'd char* (a 0 return is an error), parses the JSON,
+	// emits the delta, and routes words through the segmenter.
+	consume := func(ret uintptr) error {
+		if ret == 0 {
+			msg := CppLastError(p.ctxPtr)
+			if msg == "" {
+				msg = "unknown error"
+			}
+			return fmt.Errorf("parakeet-cpp: stream feed/finalize failed: %s", msg)
+		}
+		raw := goStringFromCPtr(ret)
+		CppFreeString(ret)
+		var doc streamFeedJSON
+		if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(raw), &doc); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("parakeet-cpp: decode stream json: %w", err)
+		}
+		if doc.Text != "" {
+			full.WriteString(doc.Text)
+			results <- &pb.TranscriptStreamResponse{Delta: doc.Text}
+		}
+		seg.add(doc)
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	for off := 0; off < len(data); off += streamChunkSamples {
+		if err := ctx.Err(); err != nil {
+			return status.Error(codes.Canceled, "transcription cancelled")
+		}
+		end := min(off+streamChunkSamples, len(data))
+		chunk := data[off:end]
+		if err := consume(CppStreamFeedJSON(stream, chunk, int32(len(chunk)))); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	if err := consume(CppStreamFinalizeJSON(stream)); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	seg.flush() // close any trailing utterance that never saw an EOU
+
+	text := strings.TrimSpace(full.String())
+	segments := seg.segments()
+	if len(segments) == 0 && text != "" {
+		segments = append(segments, &pb.TranscriptSegment{Id: 0, Text: text})
+	}
+	results <- &pb.TranscriptStreamResponse{
+		FinalResult: &pb.TranscriptResult{
+			Text:     text,
+			Segments: segments,
+			Duration: duration,
+		},
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
 // decodeWavMono16k converts any input audio to 16 kHz mono PCM and returns the
 // float samples plus the clip duration in seconds. Mirrors the whisper
 // backend: utils.AudioToWav (ffmpeg) normalises rate/channels, go-audio

backend/go/parakeet-cpp/goparakeetcpp_test.go

@@ -53,6 +53,10 @@ func ensureLibLoaded() {
 		purego.RegisterLibFunc(&CppStreamFeed, lib, "parakeet_capi_stream_feed")
 		purego.RegisterLibFunc(&CppStreamFinalize, lib, "parakeet_capi_stream_finalize")
 		purego.RegisterLibFunc(&CppStreamFree, lib, "parakeet_capi_stream_free")
+		if sym, err := purego.Dlsym(lib, "parakeet_capi_stream_feed_json"); err == nil && sym != 0 {
+			purego.RegisterLibFunc(&CppStreamFeedJSON, lib, "parakeet_capi_stream_feed_json")
+			purego.RegisterLibFunc(&CppStreamFinalizeJSON, lib, "parakeet_capi_stream_finalize_json")
+		}
 		purego.RegisterLibFunc(&CppFreeString, lib, "parakeet_capi_free_string")
 		purego.RegisterLibFunc(&CppLastError, lib, "parakeet_capi_last_error")
 	})
@@ -107,13 +111,22 @@ var _ = Describe("ParakeetCpp", func() {
 			Expect(err).ToNot(HaveOccurred())
 			Expect(strings.TrimSpace(res.Text)).ToNot(BeEmpty(),
 				"expected non-empty transcript for %s", audioPath)
-			Expect(res.Segments).To(HaveLen(1),
-				"synthesises a single whole-clip segment")
-			Expect(res.Segments[0].Text).To(Equal(res.Text),
-				"single segment text must equal the top-level text")
-			// Default (no granularities) is segment-level: no per-word timings.
-			Expect(res.Segments[0].Words).To(BeEmpty(),
-				"word timings are opt-in via timestamp_granularities")
+			// NeMo-faithful segmentation: one or more punctuation-delimited
+			// segments, each with text and a monotonically-advancing time span.
+			Expect(res.Segments).ToNot(BeEmpty(), "expected at least one segment")
+			var prevEnd int64
+			for i, seg := range res.Segments {
+				Expect(strings.TrimSpace(seg.Text)).ToNot(BeEmpty(),
+					"segment %d must have text", i)
+				Expect(seg.End).To(BeNumerically(">=", seg.Start),
+					"segment %d end must not precede its start", i)
+				Expect(seg.Start).To(BeNumerically(">=", prevEnd),
+					"segments must be in time order")
+				prevEnd = seg.End
+				// Default (no granularities) is segment-level: no per-word timings.
+				Expect(seg.Words).To(BeEmpty(),
+					"word timings are opt-in via timestamp_granularities")
+			}
 		})
 
 		It("emits word-level timestamps when granularity=word", func() {
@@ -129,15 +142,28 @@ var _ = Describe("ParakeetCpp", func() {
 				TimestampGranularities: []string{"word"},
 			})
 			Expect(err).ToNot(HaveOccurred())
-			Expect(res.Segments).To(HaveLen(1))
-			seg := res.Segments[0]
-			Expect(seg.Words).ToNot(BeEmpty(),
-				"expected per-word timestamps with granularity=word")
-			// Monotonic, non-negative timings spanning the segment.
-			Expect(seg.Words[0].Start).To(BeNumerically(">=", int64(0)))
-			Expect(seg.End).To(BeNumerically(">=", seg.Start))
-			Expect(seg.Words[len(seg.Words)-1].End).To(Equal(seg.End),
-				"segment end tracks the last word")
+			Expect(res.Segments).ToNot(BeEmpty())
+			// With word granularity every segment carries its own words, and each
+			// segment's span tracks its first/last word; word starts advance
+			// monotonically across the whole transcript.
+			totalWords := 0
+			var prevStart int64 = -1
+			for i, seg := range res.Segments {
+				Expect(seg.Words).ToNot(BeEmpty(),
+					"segment %d must carry per-word timestamps with granularity=word", i)
+				Expect(seg.Start).To(Equal(seg.Words[0].Start),
+					"segment %d start tracks its first word", i)
+				Expect(seg.End).To(Equal(seg.Words[len(seg.Words)-1].End),
+					"segment %d end tracks its last word", i)
+				for _, w := range seg.Words {
+					Expect(w.End).To(BeNumerically(">=", w.Start))
+					Expect(w.Start).To(BeNumerically(">=", prevStart))
+					prevStart = w.Start
+					totalWords++
+				}
+			}
+			Expect(totalWords).To(BeNumerically(">", 0))
+			Expect(res.Segments[0].Words[0].Start).To(BeNumerically(">=", int64(0)))
 		})
 	})
 

backend/go/parakeet-cpp/main.go

@@ -65,6 +65,25 @@ func main() {
 		purego.RegisterLibFunc(&CppTranscribePcmBatchJSON, lib, "parakeet_capi_transcribe_pcm_batch_json")
 	}
 
+	// Per-request language variants (multilingual nemotron). Same probe pattern:
+	// present only in libparakeet.so built with multilingual support, so the
+	// backend still loads against an older library and falls back to the
+	// non-lang batched + streaming entry points (model default / "auto").
+	if sym, err := purego.Dlsym(lib, "parakeet_capi_transcribe_pcm_batch_json_lang"); err == nil && sym != 0 {
+		purego.RegisterLibFunc(&CppTranscribePcmBatchJSONLang, lib, "parakeet_capi_transcribe_pcm_batch_json_lang")
+	}
+	if sym, err := purego.Dlsym(lib, "parakeet_capi_stream_begin_lang"); err == nil && sym != 0 {
+		purego.RegisterLibFunc(&CppStreamBeginLang, lib, "parakeet_capi_stream_begin_lang")
+	}
+
+	// Streaming JSON entry points (ABI v4): surface per-word timestamps on the
+	// streaming path. Same probe pattern; absent in older libparakeet.so, where
+	// the backend falls back to the text-only streaming feed.
+	if sym, err := purego.Dlsym(lib, "parakeet_capi_stream_feed_json"); err == nil && sym != 0 {
+		purego.RegisterLibFunc(&CppStreamFeedJSON, lib, "parakeet_capi_stream_feed_json")
+		purego.RegisterLibFunc(&CppStreamFinalizeJSON, lib, "parakeet_capi_stream_finalize_json")
+	}
+
 	fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "[parakeet-cpp] ABI=%d\n", CppAbiVersion())
 
 	flag.Parse()

backend/go/parakeet-cpp/segments_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	pb "github.com/mudler/LocalAI/pkg/grpc/proto"
+	. "github.com/onsi/ginkgo/v2"
+	. "github.com/onsi/gomega"
+)
+
+func tw(text string, start, end float64) transcriptWord {
+	return transcriptWord{W: text, Start: start, End: end}
+}
+
+var _ = Describe("splitWordsIntoSegments (NeMo get_segment_offsets parity)", func() {
+	seps := []rune{'.', '?', '!'}
+
+	It("splits on sentence-ending punctuation, including the delimiter word", func() {
+		words := []transcriptWord{tw("hello", 0, 0.4), tw("world.", 0.4, 0.8), tw("bye", 1.0, 1.3)}
+		segs := splitWordsIntoSegments(words, seps, 0)
+		Expect(segs).To(HaveLen(2))
+		Expect(segs[0]).To(HaveLen(2))
+		Expect(segs[0][1].W).To(Equal("world."))
+		Expect(segs[1]).To(HaveLen(1))
+		Expect(segs[1][0].W).To(Equal("bye"))
+	})
+
+	It("keeps a single segment with no terminal punctuation and gap off", func() {
+		words := []transcriptWord{tw("a", 0, 0.2), tw("b", 0.2, 0.4), tw("c", 5.0, 5.2)}
+		segs := splitWordsIntoSegments(words, seps, 0)
+		Expect(segs).To(HaveLen(1))
+	})
+
+	It("splits on the gap rule when enabled, the gapped word starting the next segment", func() {
+		words := []transcriptWord{tw("a", 0, 0.2), tw("b", 0.2, 0.4), tw("c", 5.0, 5.2)}
+		segs := splitWordsIntoSegments(words, seps, 1.0) // c is 4.6s after b
+		Expect(segs).To(HaveLen(2))
+		Expect(segs[0]).To(HaveLen(2)) // a b
+		Expect(segs[1]).To(HaveLen(1)) // c
+		Expect(segs[1][0].W).To(Equal("c"))
+	})
+
+	It("checks the gap rule before punctuation (NeMo elif order)", func() {
+		// "b." would terminate, but c is far after it -> gap closes [a b.] at b.
+		words := []transcriptWord{tw("a", 0, 0.2), tw("b.", 0.2, 0.4), tw("c", 9.0, 9.2)}
+		segs := splitWordsIntoSegments(words, seps, 1.0)
+		Expect(segs).To(HaveLen(2))
+		Expect(segs[0]).To(HaveLen(2))
+		Expect(segs[1][0].W).To(Equal("c"))
+	})
+
+	It("still splits on punctuation when the gap rule is enabled but does not fire", func() {
+		words := []transcriptWord{tw("hi.", 0, 0.4), tw("bye", 0.4, 0.8)}
+		segs := splitWordsIntoSegments(words, seps, 5.0) // gap never reached
+		Expect(segs).To(HaveLen(2))
+		Expect(segs[0][0].W).To(Equal("hi."))
+	})
+
+	It("returns nothing for empty input", func() {
+		Expect(splitWordsIntoSegments(nil, seps, 0)).To(BeEmpty())
+	})
+})
+
+var _ = Describe("transcriptResultFromDoc (multi-segment)", func() {
+	doc := transcriptJSON{
+		Text:     "hello world. bye now",
+		FrameSec: 0.08,
+		Words: []transcriptWord{
+			{W: "hello", Start: 0.0, End: 0.4},
+			{W: "world.", Start: 0.4, End: 0.8},
+			{W: "bye", Start: 1.0, End: 1.3},
+			{W: "now", Start: 1.3, End: 1.6},
+		},
+		Tokens: []transcriptToken{{ID: 1, T: 0.1}, {ID: 2, T: 0.5}, {ID: 3, T: 1.1}, {ID: 4, T: 1.4}},
+	}
+
+	It("emits one segment per punctuation-delimited group with start/end", func() {
+		res := transcriptResultFromDoc(doc, &pb.TranscriptRequest{}, 0)
+		Expect(res.Segments).To(HaveLen(2))
+		Expect(res.Segments[0].Text).To(Equal("hello world."))
+		Expect(res.Segments[0].Start).To(Equal(int64(0)))
+		Expect(res.Segments[0].End).To(Equal(secondsToNanos(0.8)))
+		Expect(res.Segments[1].Text).To(Equal("bye now"))
+		Expect(res.Segments[1].Start).To(Equal(secondsToNanos(1.0)))
+		Expect(res.Segments[1].Id).To(Equal(int32(1)))
+	})
+
+	It("assigns tokens to the segment whose time window contains them", func() {
+		res := transcriptResultFromDoc(doc, &pb.TranscriptRequest{}, 0)
+		Expect(res.Segments[0].Tokens).To(Equal([]int32{1, 2}))
+		Expect(res.Segments[1].Tokens).To(Equal([]int32{3, 4}))
+	})
+
+	It("attaches per-segment words only when word granularity requested", func() {
+		plain := transcriptResultFromDoc(doc, &pb.TranscriptRequest{}, 0)
+		Expect(plain.Segments[0].Words).To(BeEmpty())
+		withWords := transcriptResultFromDoc(doc, &pb.TranscriptRequest{TimestampGranularities: []string{"word"}}, 0)
+		Expect(withWords.Segments[0].Words).To(HaveLen(2))
+	})
+
+	It("falls back to a single text segment when there are no words", func() {
+		res := transcriptResultFromDoc(transcriptJSON{Text: "hi"}, &pb.TranscriptRequest{}, 0)
+		Expect(res.Segments).To(HaveLen(1))
+		Expect(res.Segments[0].Text).To(Equal("hi"))
+	})
+})
+
+var _ = Describe("streaming segment assembly", func() {
+	It("closes a segment with start/end from its words on EOU", func() {
+		acc := &streamSegmenter{}
+		acc.add(streamFeedJSON{Text: "hello world", Eou: 1, Words: []transcriptWord{
+			{W: "hello", Start: 0.0, End: 0.4}, {W: "world", Start: 0.4, End: 0.9},
+		}})
+		segs := acc.segments()
+		Expect(segs).To(HaveLen(1))
+		Expect(segs[0].Text).To(Equal("hello world"))
+		Expect(segs[0].Start).To(Equal(int64(0)))
+		Expect(segs[0].End).To(Equal(secondsToNanos(0.9)))
+	})
+
+	It("buffers words across feeds until EOU", func() {
+		acc := &streamSegmenter{}
+		acc.add(streamFeedJSON{Text: "hi", Eou: 0, Words: []transcriptWord{{W: "hi", Start: 0, End: 0.3}}})
+		Expect(acc.segments()).To(BeEmpty())
+		acc.add(streamFeedJSON{Text: "there", Eou: 1, Words: []transcriptWord{{W: "there", Start: 0.3, End: 0.7}}})
+		Expect(acc.segments()).To(HaveLen(1))
+		Expect(acc.segments()[0].Text).To(Equal("hi there"))
+	})
+})

backend/go/stablediffusion-ggml/Makefile

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ JOBS?=$(shell nproc --ignore=1)
 
 # stablediffusion.cpp (ggml)
 STABLEDIFFUSION_GGML_REPO?=https://github.com/leejet/stable-diffusion.cpp
-STABLEDIFFUSION_GGML_VERSION?=1f9ee88e09c258053fa59d5e05e23dfb10fa0b13
+STABLEDIFFUSION_GGML_VERSION?=b9254dda0d10b91ee6f17fb7f4420097dd29824b
 
 CMAKE_ARGS+=-DGGML_MAX_NAME=128
 

backend/go/stablediffusion-ggml/cpp/gosd.cpp

@@ -386,6 +386,7 @@ int load_model(const char *model, char *model_path, char* options[], int threads
     const char *llm_vision_path = "";
     const char *diffusion_model_path = stableDiffusionModel;
     const char *high_noise_diffusion_model_path = "";
+    const char *uncond_diffusion_model_path = "";
     const char *taesd_path  = "";
     const char *control_net_path = "";
     const char *embedding_dir = "";
@@ -472,6 +473,7 @@ int load_model(const char *model, char *model_path, char* options[], int threads
         if (!strcmp(optname, "llm_vision_path")) llm_vision_path = strdup(optval);
         if (!strcmp(optname, "diffusion_model_path")) diffusion_model_path = strdup(optval);
         if (!strcmp(optname, "high_noise_diffusion_model_path")) high_noise_diffusion_model_path = strdup(optval);
+        if (!strcmp(optname, "uncond_diffusion_model_path")) uncond_diffusion_model_path = strdup(optval);
         if (!strcmp(optname, "taesd_path")) taesd_path = strdup(optval);
         if (!strcmp(optname, "control_net_path")) control_net_path = strdup(optval);
         if (!strcmp(optname, "embedding_dir")) {
@@ -571,6 +573,7 @@ int load_model(const char *model, char *model_path, char* options[], int threads
     ctx_params.llm_vision_path = llm_vision_path;
     ctx_params.diffusion_model_path = diffusion_model_path;
     ctx_params.high_noise_diffusion_model_path = high_noise_diffusion_model_path;
+    ctx_params.uncond_diffusion_model_path = uncond_diffusion_model_path;
     ctx_params.vae_path = vae_path;
     ctx_params.audio_vae_path = audio_vae_path;
     ctx_params.embeddings_connectors_path = embeddings_connectors_path;

backend/go/whisper/Makefile

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ JOBS?=$(shell nproc --ignore=1)
 
 # whisper.cpp version
 WHISPER_REPO?=https://github.com/ggml-org/whisper.cpp
-WHISPER_CPP_VERSION?=99613cb720b65036237d44b52f753b51f75c2797
+WHISPER_CPP_VERSION?=a8ec021f2750a473ff4a8f3883bc9fdf5feafa84
 SO_TARGET?=libgowhisper.so
 
 CMAKE_ARGS+=-DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS=OFF

backend/python/coqui/requirements-cpu.txt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 --extra-index-url https://download.pytorch.org/whl/cpu
-transformers==5.0.0rc3
+transformers==4.48.3
 accelerate
-torch==2.7.1+cpu
+torch==2.4.1
 torchaudio==2.4.1
 coqui-tts

backend/python/coqui/requirements-cublas12.txt

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-torch==2.7.1+cpu
+torch==2.4.1
 torchaudio==2.4.1
-transformers==5.0.0rc3
+transformers==4.48.3
 accelerate
 coqui-tts

backend/python/coqui/requirements-hipblas.txt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 --extra-index-url https://download.pytorch.org/whl/rocm7.0
-torch==2.7.1+cpu
+torch==2.10.0+rocm7.0
 torchaudio==2.10.0+rocm7.0
-transformers==5.0.0rc3
+transformers==4.48.3
 accelerate
 coqui-tts

backend/python/coqui/requirements-intel.txt

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 --extra-index-url https://download.pytorch.org/whl/xpu
-torch==2.7.1+cpu
+torch==2.8.0+xpu
 torchaudio==2.8.0+xpu
 optimum[openvino]
 setuptools
-transformers==5.0.0rc3
+transformers==4.48.3
 accelerate
 coqui-tts

backend/python/coqui/requirements-mps.txt

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-torch==2.7.1+cpu
-transformers==5.0.0rc3
+torch==2.7.1
+transformers==4.48.3
 accelerate
 coqui-tts

core/application/startup.go

@@ -23,9 +23,9 @@ import (
 	"github.com/mudler/LocalAI/core/services/routing/pii"
 	"github.com/mudler/LocalAI/core/services/routing/router"
 	"github.com/mudler/LocalAI/core/services/storage"
-	"github.com/mudler/LocalAI/pkg/signals"
 	coreStartup "github.com/mudler/LocalAI/core/startup"
 	"github.com/mudler/LocalAI/internal"
+	"github.com/mudler/LocalAI/pkg/signals"
 	"github.com/mudler/LocalAI/pkg/vram"
 
 	"github.com/mudler/LocalAI/pkg/model"
@@ -308,10 +308,31 @@ func New(opts ...config.AppOption) (*Application, error) {
 			application.galleryService.SetNATSClient(distSvc.Nats)
 			if distSvc.DistStores != nil && distSvc.DistStores.Gallery != nil {
 				// Clean up stale in-progress operations from previous crashed instances
-				if err := distSvc.DistStores.Gallery.CleanStale(30 * time.Minute); err != nil {
+				if _, err := distSvc.DistStores.Gallery.CleanStale(30 * time.Minute); err != nil {
 					xlog.Warn("Failed to clean stale gallery operations", "error", err)
 				}
 				application.galleryService.SetGalleryStore(distSvc.DistStores.Gallery)
+
+				// Reap stale ops periodically, not just at boot: an op orphaned by
+				// a replica that died mid-install (its foreground handler goroutine
+				// gone) would otherwise linger "processing" in the UI until the next
+				// restart. 30m matches the install/upgrade ceiling so a genuinely
+				// slow op is never reaped out from under itself.
+				gsvc := application.galleryService
+				go func() {
+					ticker := time.NewTicker(15 * time.Minute)
+					defer ticker.Stop()
+					for {
+						select {
+						case <-options.Context.Done():
+							return
+						case <-ticker.C:
+							if _, err := gsvc.ReapStaleOperations(30 * time.Minute); err != nil {
+								xlog.Warn("Failed to reap stale gallery operations", "error", err)
+							}
+						}
+					}
+				}()
 			}
 			// Hydrate from the store first so the wildcard subscriber finds an
 			// already-populated statuses map for any operations still in flight

core/application/upgrade_checker.go

@@ -214,7 +214,9 @@ func (uc *UpgradeChecker) runCheck(ctx context.Context) {
 				"from", info.InstalledVersion, "to", info.AvailableVersion)
 			var err error
 			if bm != nil {
-				err = bm.UpgradeBackend(ctx, name, nil)
+				// Background auto-upgrade: no live admin watching a progress bar,
+				// so opID is empty and the distributed path skips progress streaming.
+				err = bm.UpgradeBackend(ctx, "", name, nil)
 			} else {
 				err = gallery.UpgradeBackend(ctx, uc.systemState, uc.modelLoader,
 					uc.galleries, name, nil, uc.appConfig.RequireBackendIntegrity)

core/config/hooks_llamacpp.go

@@ -39,7 +39,21 @@ func llamaCppDefaults(cfg *ModelConfig, modelPath string) {
 		}
 	}()
 
-	f, err := gguf.ParseGGUFFile(guessPath)
+	// Startup parses every model's GGUF header to guess defaults. We only need
+	// scalar metadata (architecture, head/ff counts, chat_template, token IDs,
+	// MTP head) plus array *lengths* — never the array *contents*. Two options
+	// keep this cheap, which matters when many models live on slow storage such
+	// as a Docker volume (see https://github.com/mudler/LocalAI/issues/9790):
+	//
+	//   - SkipLargeMetadata: seek past large array-valued metadata (the tokenizer
+	//     vocab: tokenizer.ggml.tokens/scores/merges, often >100k entries) instead
+	//     of reading and allocating every element. Lengths stay populated.
+	//   - UseMMap: read the header via a memory map so faulting in a few pages
+	//     replaces hundreds of thousands of tiny read() syscalls (measured ~524k
+	//     -> 8 for a 256k-token vocab), the dominant cost on slow filesystems.
+	//
+	// The mapping is released when ParseGGUFFile returns.
+	f, err := gguf.ParseGGUFFile(guessPath, gguf.UseMMap(), gguf.SkipLargeMetadata())
 	if err == nil {
 		guessGGUFFromFile(cfg, f, 0)
 	}

core/config/hooks_test.go

@@ -1,13 +1,76 @@
 package config_test
 
 import (
+	"bytes"
+	"encoding/binary"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+
 	. "github.com/mudler/LocalAI/core/config"
 	"github.com/mudler/LocalAI/core/schema"
 
+	gguf "github.com/gpustack/gguf-parser-go"
 	. "github.com/onsi/ginkgo/v2"
 	. "github.com/onsi/gomega"
 )
 
+// GGUF metadata value type tags (see github.com/gpustack/gguf-parser-go).
+const (
+	ggufTypeUint32 uint32 = 4
+	ggufTypeString uint32 = 8
+	ggufTypeArray  uint32 = 9
+)
+
+// writeTestGGUF emits a minimal but valid little-endian GGUF v3 header carrying
+// the scalar metadata the llama-cpp hook guesses from plus a large string vocab
+// array (tokenizer.ggml.tokens). The big array is exactly what SkipLargeMetadata
+// + UseMMap are expected to avoid reading element-by-element, so it must survive a
+// round-trip through the real hook without corrupting the guessed defaults.
+func writeTestGGUF(path, chatTemplate string, vocab int) error {
+	wStr := func(b *bytes.Buffer, s string) {
+		binary.Write(b, binary.LittleEndian, uint64(len(s)))
+		b.WriteString(s)
+	}
+	kvStr := func(b *bytes.Buffer, k, v string) {
+		wStr(b, k)
+		binary.Write(b, binary.LittleEndian, ggufTypeString)
+		wStr(b, v)
+	}
+	kvU32 := func(b *bytes.Buffer, k string, v uint32) {
+		wStr(b, k)
+		binary.Write(b, binary.LittleEndian, ggufTypeUint32)
+		binary.Write(b, binary.LittleEndian, v)
+	}
+
+	var meta bytes.Buffer
+	kvStr(&meta, "general.architecture", "llama")
+	kvStr(&meta, "general.name", "ReproModel")
+	kvU32(&meta, "llama.context_length", 4096)
+	kvU32(&meta, "llama.attention.head_count", 32)
+	kvU32(&meta, "llama.feed_forward_length", 11008)
+	kvU32(&meta, "llama.block_count", 32)
+	kvU32(&meta, "tokenizer.ggml.bos_token_id", 1)
+	kvStr(&meta, "tokenizer.chat_template", chatTemplate)
+
+	// large array value — the one the optimization skips reading
+	wStr(&meta, "tokenizer.ggml.tokens")
+	binary.Write(&meta, binary.LittleEndian, ggufTypeArray)
+	binary.Write(&meta, binary.LittleEndian, ggufTypeString)
+	binary.Write(&meta, binary.LittleEndian, uint64(vocab))
+	for i := 0; i < vocab; i++ {
+		wStr(&meta, "token")
+	}
+
+	var out bytes.Buffer
+	binary.Write(&out, binary.LittleEndian, gguf.GGUFMagicGGUFLe)
+	binary.Write(&out, binary.LittleEndian, uint32(3)) // version
+	binary.Write(&out, binary.LittleEndian, uint64(0)) // tensor count
+	binary.Write(&out, binary.LittleEndian, uint64(9)) // metadata kv count
+	out.Write(meta.Bytes())
+
+	return os.WriteFile(path, out.Bytes(), 0o644)
+}
+
 var _ = Describe("Backend hooks and parser defaults", func() {
 	Context("MatchParserDefaults", func() {
 		It("matches Qwen3 family", func() {
@@ -137,6 +200,58 @@ var _ = Describe("Backend hooks and parser defaults", func() {
 		})
 	})
 
+	Context("llamaCppDefaults GGUF guessing", func() {
+		// Regression coverage for https://github.com/mudler/LocalAI/issues/9790:
+		// the hook reads GGUF headers with SkipLargeMetadata + UseMMap to avoid
+		// pulling the whole tokenizer vocab off (slow) disk on every startup. This
+		// verifies that skipping the vocab array still yields the correct guessed
+		// defaults from the remaining scalar metadata.
+		const chatTemplate = "{{ bos_token }}{% for m in messages %}{{ m.content }}{% endfor %}"
+
+		It("guesses defaults from a GGUF whose large vocab is skipped", func() {
+			dir := GinkgoT().TempDir()
+			modelFile := "repro.gguf"
+			Expect(writeTestGGUF(filepath.Join(dir, modelFile), chatTemplate, 50000)).To(Succeed())
+
+			// A pre-set context size short-circuits the GGUF run-estimate, which
+			// needs full tensor info this header-only fixture deliberately omits;
+			// the metadata-reading path the optimization touches is unaffected.
+			ctxSize := 4096
+			cfg := &ModelConfig{
+				Backend: "llama-cpp",
+				LLMConfig: LLMConfig{ContextSize: &ctxSize},
+				PredictionOptions: schema.PredictionOptions{
+					BasicModelRequest: schema.BasicModelRequest{Model: modelFile},
+				},
+			}
+			cfg.SetDefaults(ModelPath(dir))
+
+			// chat_template is a scalar string, not part of the skipped array,
+			// so it must be captured verbatim.
+			Expect(cfg.GetModelTemplate()).To(Equal(chatTemplate))
+			// scalar-derived defaults are still applied
+			Expect(cfg.ContextSize).NotTo(BeNil())
+			Expect(cfg.NGPULayers).NotTo(BeNil())
+			Expect(cfg.TemplateConfig.UseTokenizerTemplate).To(BeTrue())
+			Expect(cfg.KnownUsecaseStrings).To(ContainElement("FLAG_CHAT"))
+		})
+
+		It("falls back to the default context size when the GGUF is unreadable", func() {
+			dir := GinkgoT().TempDir()
+			Expect(os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(dir, "bad.gguf"), []byte("not a gguf"), 0o644)).To(Succeed())
+
+			cfg := &ModelConfig{
+				Backend: "llama-cpp",
+				PredictionOptions: schema.PredictionOptions{
+					BasicModelRequest: schema.BasicModelRequest{Model: "bad.gguf"},
+				},
+			}
+			cfg.SetDefaults(ModelPath(dir))
+
+			Expect(cfg.ContextSize).NotTo(BeNil())
+		})
+	})
+
 	Context("PromptCacheAll default", func() {
 		It("defaults to true when omitted from YAML", func() {
 			cfg := &ModelConfig{}

core/config/mtp.go

@@ -30,11 +30,26 @@ func MTPSpecOptions() []string {
 	return out
 }
 
-// HasEmbeddedMTPHead reports whether the parsed GGUF declares a Multi-Token
-// Prediction head. Detection reads `<arch>.nextn_predict_layers`, which is
-// what `gguf_writer.add_nextn_predict_layers(n)` emits in upstream's
+// isDraftOnlyAssistantArch reports whether an architecture names a standalone
+// MTP *draft* model rather than a self-speculating trunk. Upstream's Gemma4 MTP
+// (ggml-org/llama.cpp#23398) registers the head as a separate `gemma4-assistant`
+// architecture whose GGUF still carries `nextn_predict_layers`, but which cannot
+// run alone: it requires a paired target context (`ctx_other`). Such archs must
+// not trigger the embedded-head self-speculation defaults. The `-assistant`
+// suffix is upstream's naming convention for these draft-only checkpoints.
+func isDraftOnlyAssistantArch(arch string) bool {
+	return strings.HasSuffix(arch, "-assistant")
+}
+
+// HasEmbeddedMTPHead reports whether the parsed GGUF declares a self-speculating
+// Multi-Token Prediction head. Detection reads `<arch>.nextn_predict_layers`,
+// which is what `gguf_writer.add_nextn_predict_layers(n)` emits in upstream's
 // `conversion/qwen.py` MTP mixin. A positive layer count means the head is
 // present in the same GGUF as the trunk.
+//
+// Draft-only assistant architectures (e.g. Gemma4's `gemma4-assistant`) carry
+// the same key but are separate draft checkpoints meant to be paired with a
+// target model, so they are deliberately excluded here.
 func HasEmbeddedMTPHead(f *gguf.GGUFFile) (uint32, bool) {
 	if f == nil {
 		return 0, false
@@ -43,6 +58,9 @@ func HasEmbeddedMTPHead(f *gguf.GGUFFile) (uint32, bool) {
 	if arch == "" {
 		return 0, false
 	}
+	if isDraftOnlyAssistantArch(arch) {
+		return 0, false
+	}
 	v, ok := f.Header.MetadataKV.Get(arch + ".nextn_predict_layers")
 	if !ok {
 		return 0, false

core/config/mtp_test.go

@@ -3,10 +3,33 @@ package config_test
 import (
 	. "github.com/mudler/LocalAI/core/config"
 
+	gguf "github.com/gpustack/gguf-parser-go"
 	. "github.com/onsi/ginkgo/v2"
 	. "github.com/onsi/gomega"
 )
 
+// ggufWithArch fabricates a minimal in-memory GGUF carrying the given
+// `general.architecture` and a positive `<arch>.nextn_predict_layers` count,
+// so HasEmbeddedMTPHead can be exercised without a real model file.
+func ggufWithArch(arch string, nextn uint32) *gguf.GGUFFile {
+	return &gguf.GGUFFile{
+		Header: gguf.GGUFHeader{
+			MetadataKV: gguf.GGUFMetadataKVs{
+				{
+					Key:       "general.architecture",
+					ValueType: gguf.GGUFMetadataValueTypeString,
+					Value:     arch,
+				},
+				{
+					Key:       arch + ".nextn_predict_layers",
+					ValueType: gguf.GGUFMetadataValueTypeUint32,
+					Value:     nextn,
+				},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+}
+
 var _ = Describe("MTP auto-defaults", func() {
 	Context("MTPSpecOptions", func() {
 		It("returns the upstream-recommended speculative tuple", func() {
@@ -82,5 +105,20 @@ var _ = Describe("MTP auto-defaults", func() {
 			Expect(ok).To(BeFalse())
 			Expect(n).To(BeZero())
 		})
+
+		It("detects a same-GGUF embedded head (DeepSeek/Qwen style)", func() {
+			n, ok := HasEmbeddedMTPHead(ggufWithArch("qwen3moe", 1))
+			Expect(ok).To(BeTrue())
+			Expect(n).To(Equal(uint32(1)))
+		})
+
+		It("ignores a gemma4-assistant draft-only model", func() {
+			// The assistant GGUF carries nextn_predict_layers but is a separate
+			// draft model that requires a paired target (ctx_other); it cannot
+			// self-speculate, so it must not trigger the embedded-head defaults.
+			n, ok := HasEmbeddedMTPHead(ggufWithArch("gemma4-assistant", 48))
+			Expect(ok).To(BeFalse())
+			Expect(n).To(BeZero())
+		})
 	})
 })

core/services/distributed/gallery.go

@@ -180,18 +180,21 @@ func (s *GalleryStore) Cancel(id string) error {
 	return s.UpdateStatus(id, "cancelled", "")
 }
 
-// CleanStale marks abandoned in-progress operations as failed.
-// Should be called on startup to recover from crashed instances that
-// left records in pending/downloading/processing state.
-func (s *GalleryStore) CleanStale(age time.Duration) error {
+// CleanStale marks abandoned in-progress operations as failed and returns the
+// number of rows reaped. Called on startup AND periodically to recover from
+// crashed/restarted instances that left records in pending/downloading/
+// processing state — an op orphaned after startup would otherwise linger
+// "processing" until the next restart.
+func (s *GalleryStore) CleanStale(age time.Duration) (int64, error) {
 	cutoff := time.Now().Add(-age)
-	return s.db.Model(&GalleryOperationRecord{}).
+	res := s.db.Model(&GalleryOperationRecord{}).
 		Where("updated_at < ? AND status IN ?", cutoff, activeStatuses).
 		Updates(map[string]any{
 			"status":     "failed",
-			"error":      "stale operation cleaned up on startup",
+			"error":      "stale operation reaped (abandoned by a crashed or restarted instance)",
 			"updated_at": time.Now(),
-		}).Error
+		})
+	return res.RowsAffected, res.Error
 }
 
 // CleanOld removes operations older than the given duration.

core/services/galleryop/backends.go

@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ func (g *GalleryService) backendHandler(op *ManagementOp[gallery.GalleryBackend,
 
 	var err error
 	if op.Upgrade {
-		err = g.backendManager.UpgradeBackend(ctx, op.GalleryElementName, progressCallback)
+		err = g.backendManager.UpgradeBackend(ctx, op.ID, op.GalleryElementName, progressCallback)
 	} else if op.Delete {
 		err = g.backendManager.DeleteBackend(op.GalleryElementName)
 	} else {

core/services/galleryop/cancel_persist_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+package galleryop_test
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"time"
+
+	. "github.com/onsi/ginkgo/v2"
+	. "github.com/onsi/gomega"
+
+	"github.com/mudler/LocalAI/core/config"
+	"github.com/mudler/LocalAI/core/services/distributed"
+	"github.com/mudler/LocalAI/core/services/galleryop"
+	"github.com/mudler/LocalAI/core/services/testutil"
+)
+
+// Reproduces "a cancelled/orphaned op resurrects as 'processing' after a pod
+// restart". CancelOperation flipped the in-memory status to cancelled and
+// broadcast a NATS event, but never persisted the terminal status to the
+// gallery store. On the next replica restart the still-"pending" row hydrated
+// straight back into processingBackends and the UI spun again. CancelOperation
+// must persist the cancellation so it survives a restart.
+var _ = Describe("GalleryService.CancelOperation persistence", func() {
+	It("persists the cancelled status to the gallery store", func() {
+		db := testutil.SetupTestDB()
+		store, err := distributed.NewGalleryStore(db)
+		Expect(err).ToNot(HaveOccurred())
+
+		// Seed an in-flight op as if a replica was mid-install.
+		Expect(store.Create(&distributed.GalleryOperationRecord{
+			ID:                 "op-cancel",
+			GalleryElementName: "llama-cpp-development",
+			OpType:             "backend_install",
+			Status:             "pending",
+			Progress:           0,
+		})).To(Succeed())
+
+		svc := galleryop.NewGalleryService(&config.ApplicationConfig{}, nil)
+		svc.SetGalleryStore(store)
+		// Make the op locally cancellable so CancelOperation proceeds.
+		svc.StoreCancellation("op-cancel", context.CancelFunc(func() {}))
+
+		Expect(svc.CancelOperation("op-cancel")).To(Succeed())
+
+		// The persisted row must now be terminal — otherwise it re-hydrates as
+		// pending on the next restart.
+		rec, err := store.Get("op-cancel")
+		Expect(err).ToNot(HaveOccurred())
+		Expect(rec.Status).To(Equal("cancelled"))
+
+		// And a fresh service hydrating from the store must NOT see it as active.
+		fresh := galleryop.NewGalleryService(&config.ApplicationConfig{}, nil)
+		fresh.SetGalleryStore(store)
+		Expect(fresh.Hydrate()).To(Succeed())
+		Expect(fresh.GetStatus("op-cancel")).To(BeNil(),
+			"a cancelled op must not hydrate back as active after a restart")
+	})
+})
+
+// Reproduces "an op orphaned by a replica that died mid-flight stays 'pending'
+// forever". CleanStale (which marks abandoned active ops failed) only ran once
+// on startup, so an op orphaned AFTER startup was never reaped until the next
+// restart. The service must reap stale ops on an interval, not just at boot.
+var _ = Describe("GalleryService.ReapStaleOperations", func() {
+	It("marks abandoned active ops terminal once they pass the age cutoff", func() {
+		db := testutil.SetupTestDB()
+		store, err := distributed.NewGalleryStore(db)
+		Expect(err).ToNot(HaveOccurred())
+
+		Expect(store.Create(&distributed.GalleryOperationRecord{
+			ID:                 "orphan-op",
+			GalleryElementName: "llama-cpp-development",
+			OpType:             "backend_install",
+			Status:             "pending",
+			Progress:           0,
+		})).To(Succeed())
+		// Force the row's updated_at into the past so it is older than the cutoff.
+		Expect(db.Exec(
+			"UPDATE gallery_operations SET updated_at = ? WHERE id = ?",
+			time.Now().Add(-1*time.Hour), "orphan-op",
+		).Error).To(Succeed())
+
+		// A fresh, still-progressing op must NOT be reaped.
+		Expect(store.Create(&distributed.GalleryOperationRecord{
+			ID:                 "live-op",
+			GalleryElementName: "vllm-development",
+			OpType:             "backend_install",
+			Status:             "downloading",
+			Progress:           50,
+		})).To(Succeed())
+
+		svc := galleryop.NewGalleryService(&config.ApplicationConfig{}, nil)
+		svc.SetGalleryStore(store)
+
+		reaped, err := svc.ReapStaleOperations(30 * time.Minute)
+		Expect(err).ToNot(HaveOccurred())
+		Expect(reaped).To(Equal(int64(1)))
+
+		orphan, err := store.Get("orphan-op")
+		Expect(err).ToNot(HaveOccurred())
+		Expect(orphan.Status).To(Equal("failed"))
+
+		live, err := store.Get("live-op")
+		Expect(err).ToNot(HaveOccurred())
+		Expect(live.Status).To(Equal("downloading"), "a recently-updated op must not be reaped")
+	})
+})

core/services/galleryop/managers.go

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ type BackendManager interface {
 	InstallBackend(ctx context.Context, op *ManagementOp[gallery.GalleryBackend, any], progressCb ProgressCallback) error
 	DeleteBackend(name string) error
 	ListBackends() (gallery.SystemBackends, error)
-	UpgradeBackend(ctx context.Context, name string, progressCb ProgressCallback) error
+	UpgradeBackend(ctx context.Context, opID, name string, progressCb ProgressCallback) error
 	CheckUpgrades(ctx context.Context) (map[string]gallery.UpgradeInfo, error)
 	// IsDistributed reports whether installs fan out across worker nodes.
 	// The HTTP layer uses this to refuse hardware-specific (non-meta) installs

core/services/galleryop/managers_local.go

@@ -96,7 +96,10 @@ func (b *LocalBackendManager) ListBackends() (gallery.SystemBackends, error) {
 	return gallery.ListSystemBackends(b.systemState)
 }
 
-func (b *LocalBackendManager) UpgradeBackend(ctx context.Context, name string, progressCb ProgressCallback) error {
+// UpgradeBackend ignores opID: a single-node install reports progress through
+// the local progressCb already; opID only matters for distributed per-node
+// streaming (see DistributedBackendManager.UpgradeBackend).
+func (b *LocalBackendManager) UpgradeBackend(ctx context.Context, _ string, name string, progressCb ProgressCallback) error {
 	return gallery.UpgradeBackend(ctx, b.systemState, b.modelLoader, b.backendGalleries, name, progressCb, b.requireBackendIntegrity)
 }
 

core/services/galleryop/opcache_evict_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+package galleryop_test
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+
+	. "github.com/onsi/ginkgo/v2"
+	. "github.com/onsi/gomega"
+
+	"github.com/mudler/LocalAI/core/config"
+	"github.com/mudler/LocalAI/core/services/galleryop"
+)
+
+// These specs reproduce the distributed "Reinstall spins forever" bug:
+// processingBackends (the UI spinner source) is built from OpCache.GetStatus,
+// which historically returned every cached op unconditionally. Cleanup only
+// happened when a client polled /api/backends/job/:uid, but the Manage-page
+// Reinstall/Upgrade buttons never poll, so a completed install stayed in
+// processingBackends forever. GetStatus must self-evict terminal ops.
+var _ = Describe("OpCache.GetStatus eviction", func() {
+	var (
+		svc   *galleryop.GalleryService
+		cache *galleryop.OpCache
+	)
+
+	BeforeEach(func() {
+		svc = galleryop.NewGalleryService(&config.ApplicationConfig{}, nil)
+		cache = galleryop.NewOpCache(svc)
+	})
+
+	It("keeps an op that is still processing", func() {
+		cache.SetBackend("llama-cpp", "uuid-1")
+		svc.UpdateStatus("uuid-1", &galleryop.OpStatus{Message: "processing backend: llama-cpp", Progress: 0})
+		processing, _ := cache.GetStatus()
+		Expect(processing).To(HaveKeyWithValue("llama-cpp", "uuid-1"))
+		Expect(cache.Exists("llama-cpp")).To(BeTrue())
+	})
+
+	It("evicts a completed op so it no longer shows as processing", func() {
+		cache.SetBackend("llama-cpp", "uuid-1")
+		svc.UpdateStatus("uuid-1", &galleryop.OpStatus{Processed: true, Progress: 100, Message: "completed"})
+		processing, _ := cache.GetStatus()
+		Expect(processing).NotTo(HaveKey("llama-cpp"))
+		Expect(cache.Exists("llama-cpp")).To(BeFalse())
+	})
+
+	It("keeps a failed op so the operations panel can surface the error and offer Dismiss", func() {
+		cache.SetBackend("piper", "uuid-2")
+		svc.UpdateStatus("uuid-2", &galleryop.OpStatus{Processed: true, Error: errors.New("boom")})
+		processing, _ := cache.GetStatus()
+		Expect(processing).To(HaveKeyWithValue("piper", "uuid-2"))
+		Expect(cache.Exists("piper")).To(BeTrue())
+	})
+
+	It("evicts a cancelled op", func() {
+		cache.SetBackend("vllm", "uuid-3")
+		svc.UpdateStatus("uuid-3", &galleryop.OpStatus{Processed: true, Cancelled: true, Message: "cancelled"})
+		processing, _ := cache.GetStatus()
+		Expect(processing).NotTo(HaveKey("vllm"))
+	})
+
+	It("does not evict an op with no status yet (queued)", func() {
+		cache.SetBackend("whisper", "uuid-4")
+		processing, taskTypes := cache.GetStatus()
+		Expect(processing).To(HaveKeyWithValue("whisper", "uuid-4"))
+		Expect(taskTypes).To(HaveKeyWithValue("whisper", "Waiting"))
+	})
+
+	// Regression guard: GetStatus is called concurrently by four HTTP handlers
+	// (~1s poll). An earlier version evicted by deleting from m.Map() — which
+	// returns the live internal map by reference — causing a fatal
+	// "concurrent map writes" crash. Run under -race; must not panic or race.
+	It("is safe under concurrent GetStatus + Set/complete", func() {
+		done := make(chan struct{})
+		go func() {
+			defer GinkgoRecover()
+			for i := 0; i < 2000; i++ {
+				_, _ = cache.GetStatus()
+			}
+			close(done)
+		}()
+		for i := 0; i < 2000; i++ {
+			id := "uuid-c"
+			cache.SetBackend("concurrent-backend", id)
+			// Half the time mark it completed so GetStatus evicts it.
+			if i%2 == 0 {
+				svc.UpdateStatus(id, &galleryop.OpStatus{Processed: true, Progress: 100, Message: "completed"})
+			}
+			_, _ = cache.GetStatus()
+		}
+		<-done
+	})
+})

core/services/galleryop/operation.go

@@ -408,12 +408,34 @@ func (m *OpCache) Exists(key string) bool {
 }
 
 func (m *OpCache) GetStatus() (map[string]string, map[string]string) {
-	processingModelsData := m.Map()
-
 	taskTypes := map[string]string{}
+	processingModelsData := map[string]string{}
 
-	for k, v := range processingModelsData {
+	// Iterate a snapshot (Keys() copies) and build a fresh result map. We must
+	// NOT delete from m.Map() during the range: Map() returns the live internal
+	// map by reference, so a bare delete here would be an unsynchronized write
+	// to a map four HTTP handlers read every ~1s — a concurrent-map-write crash.
+	// Collect evictions and apply them via the locked DeleteUUID after the loop.
+	var evict []string
+	for _, k := range m.status.Keys() {
+		v := m.status.Get(k)
+		if v == "" {
+			continue // raced with a concurrent Delete
+		}
 		status := m.galleryService.GetStatus(v)
+		// Terminal ops must not keep showing as "processing". Cleanup was
+		// previously only triggered by a client polling /api/backends/job/:uid,
+		// but the Manage-page Reinstall/Upgrade buttons never poll, so completed
+		// ops leaked into processingBackends forever and the card spun
+		// "reinstalling" indefinitely. Evict here on the list read (the UI always
+		// calls this). We only evict SUCCESS/cancelled terminals (Error == nil):
+		// failed ops are kept so /api/operations can surface the error and offer
+		// Dismiss. DeleteUUID broadcasts the eviction so peer replicas converge.
+		if status != nil && status.Processed && status.Error == nil {
+			evict = append(evict, v)
+			continue
+		}
+		processingModelsData[k] = v
 		taskTypes[k] = "Installation"
 		if status != nil && status.Deletion {
 			taskTypes[k] = "Deletion"
@@ -422,6 +444,10 @@ func (m *OpCache) GetStatus() (map[string]string, map[string]string) {
 		}
 	}
 
+	for _, v := range evict {
+		m.DeleteUUID(v)
+	}
+
 	return processingModelsData, taskTypes
 }
 

core/services/galleryop/service.go

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import (
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"sync"
+	"time"
 
 	"github.com/mudler/LocalAI/core/config"
 	"github.com/mudler/LocalAI/core/gallery"
@@ -31,9 +32,9 @@ type GalleryService struct {
 	// natsClient is the wider MessagingClient (Publisher + subscribe methods)
 	// when wired by the distributed startup path; broadcastSubs holds the
 	// progress + cancel subscriptions opened by SubscribeBroadcasts.
-	natsClient     messaging.MessagingClient
-	galleryStore   *distributed.GalleryStore
-	broadcastSubs  []messaging.Subscription
+	natsClient    messaging.MessagingClient
+	galleryStore  *distributed.GalleryStore
+	broadcastSubs []messaging.Subscription
 
 	// OnBackendOpCompleted is fired after every successful install/upgrade/delete
 	// on the backend channel. The Application wires this to UpgradeChecker.TriggerCheck
@@ -274,6 +275,29 @@ func (g *GalleryService) GetAllStatus() map[string]*OpStatus {
 	return g.statuses
 }
 
+// ReapStaleOperations marks abandoned in-progress operations (pending/
+// downloading/processing) older than `age` as failed, so an op orphaned by a
+// replica that died mid-flight does not linger as "processing" forever. The
+// store's CleanStale runs once on startup; this exposes it for periodic
+// invocation (a post-startup orphan is otherwise not reaped until the next
+// restart). No-op when no gallery store is wired. Returns rows reaped.
+func (g *GalleryService) ReapStaleOperations(age time.Duration) (int64, error) {
+	g.Lock()
+	store := g.galleryStore
+	g.Unlock()
+	if store == nil {
+		return 0, nil
+	}
+	n, err := store.CleanStale(age)
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+	if n > 0 {
+		xlog.Info("Reaped stale gallery operations", "count", n)
+	}
+	return n, nil
+}
+
 // CancelOperation cancels an in-progress operation by its ID.
 //
 // In distributed mode the UI's cancel click may land on a different replica
@@ -295,6 +319,7 @@ func (g *GalleryService) CancelOperation(id string) error {
 	}
 
 	nc := g.natsClient
+	store := g.galleryStore
 
 	if !localExists && nc == nil {
 		g.Unlock()
@@ -315,6 +340,17 @@ func (g *GalleryService) CancelOperation(id string) error {
 	}
 	g.Unlock()
 
+	// Persist the terminal status so the cancel survives a restart. Without
+	// this the row stays in its active state and re-hydrates straight back into
+	// processingBackends on the next replica boot — the UI spins again on an op
+	// the admin already cancelled. The peer that broadcasts wins the write; a
+	// no-op when standalone (store nil).
+	if store != nil {
+		if err := store.Cancel(id); err != nil {
+			xlog.Warn("Failed to persist gallery operation cancellation", "op_id", id, "error", err)
+		}
+	}
+
 	// I/O and user-provided callback after Unlock — the cancel-wildcard
 	// subscriber loops back into applyCancel on this same replica, which
 	// would otherwise deadlock on g.Mutex.

core/services/messaging/subjects.go

@@ -194,6 +194,14 @@ type BackendUpgradeRequest struct {
 	// but the field lets future per-replica metadata (e.g. progress reporting
 	// scoped to a slot) ride the same wire without a v3 type.
 	ReplicaIndex int32 `json:"replica_index,omitempty"`
+	// OpID identifies the admin-side operation. When non-empty the worker
+	// publishes BackendInstallProgressEvent values to
+	// SubjectNodeBackendInstallProgress(nodeID, OpID) while the force-reinstall
+	// runs, so the master can stream per-node progress for upgrades exactly as
+	// it already does for installs (an upgrade IS a force-reinstall, so the
+	// install-progress subject is reused rather than minting a new one — no new
+	// NATS permission or rolling-update compat surface). Empty on legacy callers.
+	OpID string `json:"op_id,omitempty"`
 }
 
 // BackendUpgradeReply mirrors BackendInstallReply minus Address — upgrade does

core/services/nodes/managers_distributed.go

@@ -533,7 +533,7 @@ func (d *DistributedBackendManager) InstallBackend(ctx context.Context, op *gall
 // backend.upgrade, we try the legacy backend.install Force=true path so a
 // new master + old worker still converges. Drop the fallback once every
 // worker in the fleet is on 2026-05-08 or newer.
-func (d *DistributedBackendManager) UpgradeBackend(ctx context.Context, name string, progressCb galleryop.ProgressCallback) error {
+func (d *DistributedBackendManager) UpgradeBackend(ctx context.Context, opID, name string, progressCb galleryop.ProgressCallback) error {
 	galleriesJSON, _ := json.Marshal(d.backendGalleries)
 
 	installed, err := d.ListBackends()
@@ -549,17 +549,39 @@ func (d *DistributedBackendManager) UpgradeBackend(ctx context.Context, name str
 		targetNodeIDs[n.NodeID] = true
 	}
 
-	// Empty opID: the caller (galleryop) doesn't thread an op ID into
-	// UpgradeBackend today, so we can't tag per-node sink writes with the
-	// right OpStatus key. Until the upgrade path takes a ManagementOp the
-	// way InstallBackend does, the sink stays no-op here.
-	result, err := d.enqueueAndDrainBackendOp(ctx, "", OpBackendUpgrade, name, galleriesJSON, targetNodeIDs, func(node BackendNode) error {
-		reply, err := d.adapter.UpgradeBackend(node.ID, name, string(galleriesJSON), "", "", "", 0)
+	result, err := d.enqueueAndDrainBackendOp(ctx, opID, OpBackendUpgrade, name, galleriesJSON, targetNodeIDs, func(node BackendNode) error {
+		// Per-node progress sink: fan each worker download tick into the legacy
+		// single-bar progressCb and the per-node OpStatus.Nodes view, exactly as
+		// InstallBackend does. Defined per-node so each closure captures its own
+		// node.Name. Without this an upgrade blocks opaque at progress 0 for the
+		// whole 15m round-trip (the original "reinstalling but nothing happens").
+		onProgress := func(ev messaging.BackendInstallProgressEvent) {
+			if progressCb != nil {
+				progressCb(ev.FileName, ev.Current, ev.Total, ev.Percentage)
+			}
+			if d.progressSink != nil && opID != "" {
+				d.progressSink.UpdateNodeProgress(opID, ev.NodeID, galleryop.NodeProgress{
+					NodeID:     ev.NodeID,
+					NodeName:   node.Name,
+					Status:     galleryop.NodeStatusDownloading,
+					FileName:   ev.FileName,
+					Current:    ev.Current,
+					Total:      ev.Total,
+					Percentage: ev.Percentage,
+					Phase:      ev.Phase,
+				})
+			}
+		}
+		var onProgressArg func(messaging.BackendInstallProgressEvent)
+		if progressCb != nil || d.progressSink != nil {
+			onProgressArg = onProgress
+		}
+		reply, err := d.adapter.UpgradeBackend(node.ID, name, string(galleriesJSON), "", "", "", 0, opID, onProgressArg)
 		if err != nil {
 			// Rolling-update fallback: an older worker doesn't know
 			// backend.upgrade. Try the legacy install-with-force path.
 			if errors.Is(err, nats.ErrNoResponders) {
-				instReply, instErr := d.adapter.installWithForceFallback(node.ID, name, string(galleriesJSON), "", "", "", 0)
+				instReply, instErr := d.adapter.installWithForceFallback(node.ID, name, string(galleriesJSON), "", "", "", 0, opID, onProgressArg)
 				if instErr != nil {
 					return instErr
 				}

core/services/nodes/managers_distributed_test.go

@@ -317,7 +317,7 @@ func (stubLocalBackendManager) DeleteBackend(_ string) error { return gallery.Er
 func (stubLocalBackendManager) ListBackends() (gallery.SystemBackends, error) {
 	return gallery.SystemBackends{}, nil
 }
-func (stubLocalBackendManager) UpgradeBackend(_ context.Context, _ string, _ galleryop.ProgressCallback) error {
+func (stubLocalBackendManager) UpgradeBackend(_ context.Context, _ string, _ string, _ galleryop.ProgressCallback) error {
 	return nil
 }
 func (stubLocalBackendManager) CheckUpgrades(_ context.Context) (map[string]gallery.UpgradeInfo, error) {
@@ -782,7 +782,7 @@ var _ = Describe("DistributedBackendManager", func() {
 				mc.scriptReply(messaging.SubjectNodeBackendUpgrade(n2.ID),
 					messaging.BackendUpgradeReply{Success: false, Error: "registry unauthorized"})
 
-				err := mgr.UpgradeBackend(ctx, "vllm-development", nil)
+				err := mgr.UpgradeBackend(ctx, "", "vllm-development", nil)
 				Expect(err).To(HaveOccurred())
 				Expect(err.Error()).To(ContainSubstring("worker-a"))
 				Expect(err.Error()).To(ContainSubstring("image manifest not found"))
@@ -797,7 +797,7 @@ var _ = Describe("DistributedBackendManager", func() {
 				scriptInstalled("vllm-development", n1.ID)
 				mc.scriptReply(messaging.SubjectNodeBackendUpgrade(n1.ID),
 					messaging.BackendUpgradeReply{Success: true})
-				Expect(mgr.UpgradeBackend(ctx, "vllm-development", nil)).To(Succeed())
+				Expect(mgr.UpgradeBackend(ctx, "", "vllm-development", nil)).To(Succeed())
 			})
 		})
 
@@ -819,7 +819,7 @@ var _ = Describe("DistributedBackendManager", func() {
 				// if the manager attempts it, the scripted-client default returns
 				// fakeNoRespondersErr and the assertion below fails loudly.
 
-				Expect(mgr.UpgradeBackend(ctx, "cpu-insightface-development", nil)).To(Succeed())
+				Expect(mgr.UpgradeBackend(ctx, "", "cpu-insightface-development", nil)).To(Succeed())
 
 				mc.mu.Lock()
 				defer mc.mu.Unlock()
@@ -835,7 +835,7 @@ var _ = Describe("DistributedBackendManager", func() {
 				n1 := registerHealthyBackend("worker-a", "10.0.0.1:50051")
 				scriptNoBackends(n1.ID)
 
-				err := mgr.UpgradeBackend(ctx, "vllm-development", nil)
+				err := mgr.UpgradeBackend(ctx, "", "vllm-development", nil)
 				Expect(err).To(HaveOccurred())
 				Expect(err.Error()).To(ContainSubstring("not installed on any node"))
 
@@ -865,7 +865,7 @@ var _ = Describe("DistributedBackendManager", func() {
 					func(req messaging.BackendInstallRequest) bool { return req.Force },
 					messaging.BackendInstallReply{Success: true, Address: "10.0.0.1:50100"})
 
-				Expect(mgr.UpgradeBackend(ctx, "vllm-development", nil)).To(Succeed())
+				Expect(mgr.UpgradeBackend(ctx, "", "vllm-development", nil)).To(Succeed())
 			})
 
 			It("returns the upgrade error when it is not ErrNoResponders", func() {
@@ -875,7 +875,7 @@ var _ = Describe("DistributedBackendManager", func() {
 				mc.scriptReply(messaging.SubjectNodeBackendUpgrade(n.ID),
 					messaging.BackendUpgradeReply{Success: false, Error: "disk full"})
 
-				err := mgr.UpgradeBackend(ctx, "vllm-development", nil)
+				err := mgr.UpgradeBackend(ctx, "", "vllm-development", nil)
 				Expect(err).To(HaveOccurred())
 				Expect(err.Error()).To(ContainSubstring("disk full"))
 			})

core/services/nodes/pending_op_cleanup_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+package nodes
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"runtime"
+	"time"
+
+	. "github.com/onsi/ginkgo/v2"
+	. "github.com/onsi/gomega"
+
+	"github.com/mudler/LocalAI/core/services/testutil"
+)
+
+// These specs reproduce the distributed "pending ops behind dead nodes leak
+// forever" bug. ListDuePendingBackendOps only returns rows whose node is
+// StatusHealthy, so an op queued against a node that goes offline (heartbeat
+// stale) or draining (admin action) is never retried, never aged out, and
+// never deleted. On a live cluster these rows sat at attempts=0 indefinitely
+// and kept the UI operation alive. DeleteStalePendingBackendOps garbage-collects
+// them: draining nodes immediately (models already purged), offline nodes only
+// after a grace window so a brief heartbeat blip does not nuke in-flight work.
+var _ = Describe("DeleteStalePendingBackendOps", func() {
+	var (
+		registry *NodeRegistry
+		ctx      context.Context
+	)
+
+	BeforeEach(func() {
+		if runtime.GOOS == "darwin" {
+			Skip("testcontainers requires Docker, not available on macOS CI")
+		}
+		db := testutil.SetupTestDB()
+		var err error
+		registry, err = NewNodeRegistry(db)
+		Expect(err).ToNot(HaveOccurred())
+		ctx = context.Background()
+	})
+
+	// registerBackend registers an auto-approved backend node and returns its ID.
+	registerBackend := func(name, address string) string {
+		node := &BackendNode{Name: name, NodeType: NodeTypeBackend, Address: address}
+		Expect(registry.Register(ctx, node, true)).To(Succeed())
+		fetched, err := registry.GetByName(ctx, name)
+		Expect(err).ToNot(HaveOccurred())
+		return fetched.ID
+	}
+
+	// setHeartbeat forces a node's last_heartbeat (Register/MarkOffline leave it
+	// at "now"; we age it to simulate a node that went silent a while ago).
+	setHeartbeat := func(nodeID string, t time.Time) {
+		Expect(registry.db.WithContext(ctx).Model(&BackendNode{}).
+			Where("id = ?", nodeID).
+			Update("last_heartbeat", t).Error).To(Succeed())
+	}
+
+	pendingCountFor := func(nodeID string) int64 {
+		var n int64
+		Expect(registry.db.WithContext(ctx).Model(&PendingBackendOp{}).
+			Where("node_id = ?", nodeID).Count(&n).Error).To(Succeed())
+		return n
+	}
+
+	It("clears ops behind an offline node whose heartbeat is past the grace window", func() {
+		dead := registerBackend("nvidia-thor", "10.0.0.9:50051")
+		Expect(registry.UpsertPendingBackendOp(ctx, dead, "llama-cpp-development", OpBackendInstall, nil)).To(Succeed())
+		Expect(registry.MarkOffline(ctx, dead)).To(Succeed())
+		setHeartbeat(dead, time.Now().Add(-1*time.Hour))
+
+		removed, err := registry.DeleteStalePendingBackendOps(ctx, 10*time.Minute)
+		Expect(err).ToNot(HaveOccurred())
+		Expect(removed).To(Equal(int64(1)))
+		Expect(pendingCountFor(dead)).To(Equal(int64(0)))
+	})
+
+	It("clears ops behind a draining node immediately, even with a fresh heartbeat", func() {
+		// Mirrors the live mac-mini-m4 case: draining but still heartbeating.
+		drain := registerBackend("mac-mini-m4", "10.0.0.3:50051")
+		Expect(registry.UpsertPendingBackendOp(ctx, drain, "llama-cpp-development", OpBackendInstall, nil)).To(Succeed())
+		Expect(registry.MarkDraining(ctx, drain)).To(Succeed())
+		setHeartbeat(drain, time.Now()) // fresh heartbeat
+
+		removed, err := registry.DeleteStalePendingBackendOps(ctx, 10*time.Minute)
+		Expect(err).ToNot(HaveOccurred())
+		Expect(removed).To(Equal(int64(1)))
+		Expect(pendingCountFor(drain)).To(Equal(int64(0)))
+	})
+
+	It("clears ops behind an unhealthy node with a stale heartbeat (never ages to offline)", func() {
+		// A node marked unhealthy on a NATS ErrNoResponders never transitions to
+		// offline, so its ops must be reaped via the same stale-heartbeat path.
+		sick := registerBackend("agx-orin-sick", "10.0.0.7:50051")
+		Expect(registry.UpsertPendingBackendOp(ctx, sick, "llama-cpp-development", OpBackendUpgrade, nil)).To(Succeed())
+		Expect(registry.MarkUnhealthy(ctx, sick)).To(Succeed())
+		setHeartbeat(sick, time.Now().Add(-1*time.Hour))
+
+		removed, err := registry.DeleteStalePendingBackendOps(ctx, 10*time.Minute)
+		Expect(err).ToNot(HaveOccurred())
+		Expect(removed).To(Equal(int64(1)))
+		Expect(pendingCountFor(sick)).To(Equal(int64(0)))
+	})
+
+	It("keeps ops behind an unhealthy node that is still heartbeating (recovering)", func() {
+		recovering := registerBackend("agx-orin-flap", "10.0.0.8:50051")
+		Expect(registry.UpsertPendingBackendOp(ctx, recovering, "llama-cpp-development", OpBackendUpgrade, nil)).To(Succeed())
+		Expect(registry.MarkUnhealthy(ctx, recovering)).To(Succeed())
+		setHeartbeat(recovering, time.Now()) // fresh heartbeat → recovering
+
+		removed, err := registry.DeleteStalePendingBackendOps(ctx, 10*time.Minute)
+		Expect(err).ToNot(HaveOccurred())
+		Expect(removed).To(Equal(int64(0)))
+		Expect(pendingCountFor(recovering)).To(Equal(int64(1)))
+	})
+
+	It("keeps ops behind a node that only just went offline (within grace)", func() {
+		blip := registerBackend("agx-orin", "10.0.0.4:50051")
+		Expect(registry.UpsertPendingBackendOp(ctx, blip, "parakeet-cpp-development", OpBackendInstall, nil)).To(Succeed())
+		Expect(registry.MarkOffline(ctx, blip)).To(Succeed())
+		setHeartbeat(blip, time.Now().Add(-1*time.Minute)) // gone only 1m, grace 10m
+
+		removed, err := registry.DeleteStalePendingBackendOps(ctx, 10*time.Minute)
+		Expect(err).ToNot(HaveOccurred())
+		Expect(removed).To(Equal(int64(0)))
+		Expect(pendingCountFor(blip)).To(Equal(int64(1)))
+	})
+
+	It("keeps ops behind a healthy node", func() {
+		healthy := registerBackend("dgx-spark", "10.0.0.1:50051")
+		Expect(registry.UpsertPendingBackendOp(ctx, healthy, "llama-cpp-development", OpBackendUpgrade, nil)).To(Succeed())
+
+		removed, err := registry.DeleteStalePendingBackendOps(ctx, 10*time.Minute)
+		Expect(err).ToNot(HaveOccurred())
+		Expect(removed).To(Equal(int64(0)))
+		Expect(pendingCountFor(healthy)).To(Equal(int64(1)))
+	})
+})

core/services/nodes/reconciler.go

@@ -189,6 +189,13 @@ func (rc *ReplicaReconciler) reconcileState(ctx context.Context) {
 // passed on nodes that are currently healthy. On success the row is deleted;
 // on failure attempts++ and next_retry_at moves out via exponential backoff.
 func (rc *ReplicaReconciler) drainPendingBackendOps(ctx context.Context) {
+	// Garbage-collect ops behind nodes that went offline/draining. These are
+	// invisible to ListDuePendingBackendOps (which filters status=healthy), so
+	// without this sweep they leak forever and keep the UI operation spinning.
+	if _, err := rc.registry.DeleteStalePendingBackendOps(ctx, stalePendingBackendOpGrace); err != nil {
+		xlog.Warn("Reconciler: failed to clear stale pending backend ops", "error", err)
+	}
+
 	ops, err := rc.registry.ListDuePendingBackendOps(ctx)
 	if err != nil {
 		xlog.Warn("Reconciler: failed to list pending backend ops", "error", err)
@@ -223,10 +230,13 @@ func (rc *ReplicaReconciler) drainPendingBackendOps(ctx context.Context) {
 			// the same worker. Falls back to the legacy backend.install
 			// Force=true path on nats.ErrNoResponders for old workers that
 			// don't subscribe to backend.upgrade yet (rolling-update window).
-			reply, err := rc.adapter.UpgradeBackend(op.NodeID, op.Backend, string(op.Galleries), "", "", "", 0)
+			// Reconciler retries are background reconciliation with no live
+			// admin watching a progress bar, so opID/onProgress are empty —
+			// the adapter skips the progress subscription entirely.
+			reply, err := rc.adapter.UpgradeBackend(op.NodeID, op.Backend, string(op.Galleries), "", "", "", 0, "", nil)
 			if err != nil {
 				if errors.Is(err, nats.ErrNoResponders) {
-					instReply, instErr := rc.adapter.installWithForceFallback(op.NodeID, op.Backend, string(op.Galleries), "", "", "", 0)
+					instReply, instErr := rc.adapter.installWithForceFallback(op.NodeID, op.Backend, string(op.Galleries), "", "", "", 0, "", nil)
 					if instErr != nil {
 						applyErr = instErr
 					} else if !instReply.Success {
@@ -293,6 +303,13 @@ func (rc *ReplicaReconciler) drainPendingBackendOps(ctx context.Context) {
 // amount of further retrying will help.
 const maxPendingBackendOpAttempts = 10
 
+// stalePendingBackendOpGrace is how long a node may be offline before its
+// pending backend ops are garbage-collected. Draining nodes are cleared
+// immediately regardless of this window (see DeleteStalePendingBackendOps).
+// ListDuePendingBackendOps never surfaces ops behind non-healthy nodes, so
+// without this sweep they would leak forever and keep the UI op spinning.
+const stalePendingBackendOpGrace = 15 * time.Minute
+
 // probeLoadedModels gRPC-health-checks model addresses that the DB says are
 // loaded. If a model's backend process is gone (OOM, crash, manual restart)
 // we remove the row so ghosts don't linger. Only probes rows older than

core/services/nodes/registry.go

@@ -1776,6 +1776,38 @@ func (r *NodeRegistry) DeletePendingBackendOp(ctx context.Context, id uint) erro
 	return nil
 }
 
+// DeleteStalePendingBackendOps garbage-collects pending backend ops whose target
+// node can never drain them. ListDuePendingBackendOps only returns rows behind a
+// StatusHealthy node, so ops behind a node that went offline or draining are
+// otherwise never retried, aged out, or deleted — they leak forever and keep the
+// UI operation spinning. Draining nodes are cleared immediately (an explicit
+// admin action; their model rows are already purged). Offline nodes are cleared
+// only once their last heartbeat is older than `grace`, so a brief heartbeat blip
+// does not nuke an install that is still legitimately in flight. Returns the
+// number of rows deleted.
+func (r *NodeRegistry) DeleteStalePendingBackendOps(ctx context.Context, grace time.Duration) (int64, error) {
+	cutoff := time.Now().Add(-grace)
+	// Draining nodes are cleared immediately (admin action; model rows already
+	// purged). Offline AND unhealthy nodes are cleared only once their heartbeat
+	// is older than the grace window: a node marked unhealthy on a NATS
+	// ErrNoResponders never transitions to offline (health.go skips re-marking
+	// it), so without including unhealthy here its ops would leak exactly like
+	// the offline case. A node with a fresh heartbeat (last_heartbeat > cutoff)
+	// is recovering and keeps its op for retry.
+	res := r.db.WithContext(ctx).
+		Where(`node_id IN (SELECT id FROM backend_nodes WHERE status = ?)
+			OR node_id IN (SELECT id FROM backend_nodes WHERE status IN ? AND last_heartbeat <= ?)`,
+			StatusDraining, []string{StatusOffline, StatusUnhealthy}, cutoff).
+		Delete(&PendingBackendOp{})
+	if res.Error != nil {
+		return 0, fmt.Errorf("deleting stale pending backend ops: %w", res.Error)
+	}
+	if res.RowsAffected > 0 {
+		xlog.Info("Cleared pending backend ops behind non-healthy nodes", "deleted", res.RowsAffected)
+	}
+	return res.RowsAffected, nil
+}
+
 // RecordPendingBackendOpFailure bumps Attempts, captures the error, and
 // pushes NextRetryAt out with exponential backoff capped at 15 minutes.
 func (r *NodeRegistry) RecordPendingBackendOpFailure(ctx context.Context, id uint, errMsg string) error {

core/services/nodes/router_test.go

@@ -365,7 +365,7 @@ func (f *fakeUnloader) InstallBackend(nodeID, backend, modelID, _, _, _, _ strin
 	return f.installReply, f.installErr
 }
 
-func (f *fakeUnloader) UpgradeBackend(nodeID, backend, _, _, _, _ string, replica int) (*messaging.BackendUpgradeReply, error) {
+func (f *fakeUnloader) UpgradeBackend(nodeID, backend, _, _, _, _ string, replica int, _ string, _ func(messaging.BackendInstallProgressEvent)) (*messaging.BackendUpgradeReply, error) {
 	f.mu.Lock()
 	f.upgradeCalls = append(f.upgradeCalls, upgradeCall{nodeID, backend, replica})
 	f.mu.Unlock()

core/services/nodes/unloader.go

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ type backendStopRequest struct {
 // backend.upgrade subject.
 type NodeCommandSender interface {
 	InstallBackend(nodeID, backendType, modelID, galleriesJSON, uri, name, alias string, replicaIndex int, opID string, onProgress func(messaging.BackendInstallProgressEvent)) (*messaging.BackendInstallReply, error)
-	UpgradeBackend(nodeID, backendType, galleriesJSON, uri, name, alias string, replicaIndex int) (*messaging.BackendUpgradeReply, error)
+	UpgradeBackend(nodeID, backendType, galleriesJSON, uri, name, alias string, replicaIndex int, opID string, onProgress func(messaging.BackendInstallProgressEvent)) (*messaging.BackendUpgradeReply, error)
 	DeleteBackend(nodeID, backendName string) (*messaging.BackendDeleteReply, error)
 	ListBackends(nodeID string) (*messaging.BackendListReply, error)
 	StopBackend(nodeID, backend string) error
@@ -127,38 +127,8 @@ func (a *RemoteUnloaderAdapter) InstallBackend(
 	xlog.Info("Sending NATS backend.install", "nodeID", nodeID, "backend", backendType, "modelID", modelID, "replica", replicaIndex, "opID", opID)
 
 	// Subscribe to the per-op progress subject BEFORE publishing the install
-	// request so we don't miss early events. When onProgress is nil OR opID
-	// is empty (the reconciler-driven retry path), skip subscription entirely:
-	// silent installs cost nothing extra.
-	var sub messaging.Subscription
-	if onProgress != nil && opID != "" {
-		progressSubject := messaging.SubjectNodeBackendInstallProgress(nodeID, opID)
-		s, subErr := a.nats.Subscribe(progressSubject, func(raw []byte) {
-			var ev messaging.BackendInstallProgressEvent
-			if err := json.Unmarshal(raw, &ev); err != nil {
-				xlog.Debug("malformed install progress event", "subject", progressSubject, "error", err)
-				return
-			}
-			// Goroutine guard: a slow onProgress callback must not stall
-			// the NATS reader thread.
-			//
-			// NOTE: events spawn one goroutine each, so ordering at the
-			// consumer is best-effort. In practice the worker debounces to
-			// ~250ms which is far larger than goroutine scheduling jitter,
-			// so reordering is rare. The worker's final Flush() event is
-			// intended to win as the terminal tick. A future hardening pass
-			// could add a Seq uint64 field to BackendInstallProgressEvent
-			// and drop stale-by-seq at the bridge if reordering becomes a
-			// real UX issue.
-			go onProgress(ev)
-		})
-		if subErr != nil {
-			xlog.Warn("Failed to subscribe to install progress subject; proceeding without progress streaming",
-				"subject", progressSubject, "error", subErr)
-		} else {
-			sub = s
-		}
-	}
+	// request so we don't miss early events.
+	sub := a.subscribeProgress(nodeID, opID, onProgress)
 
 	reply, err := messaging.RequestJSON[messaging.BackendInstallRequest, messaging.BackendInstallReply](a.nats, subject, messaging.BackendInstallRequest{
 		Backend:          backendType,
@@ -182,18 +152,58 @@ func (a *RemoteUnloaderAdapter) InstallBackend(
 	return reply, err
 }
 
+// subscribeProgress subscribes to the per-op backend-install progress subject
+// so the master can stream per-node download ticks while a worker installs or
+// upgrades. Returns nil (and subscribes to nothing) when onProgress is nil or
+// opID is empty — the reconciler-driven retry path and legacy callers stay
+// silent at no cost. Shared by InstallBackend, UpgradeBackend, and the legacy
+// force-install fallback: an upgrade is a force-reinstall, so it reuses the
+// install-progress subject rather than minting a new one (no new NATS
+// permission, no new rolling-update compat surface). Caller must Unsubscribe
+// the returned subscription after the request completes.
+func (a *RemoteUnloaderAdapter) subscribeProgress(nodeID, opID string, onProgress func(messaging.BackendInstallProgressEvent)) messaging.Subscription {
+	if onProgress == nil || opID == "" {
+		return nil
+	}
+	progressSubject := messaging.SubjectNodeBackendInstallProgress(nodeID, opID)
+	s, subErr := a.nats.Subscribe(progressSubject, func(raw []byte) {
+		var ev messaging.BackendInstallProgressEvent
+		if err := json.Unmarshal(raw, &ev); err != nil {
+			xlog.Debug("malformed backend progress event", "subject", progressSubject, "error", err)
+			return
+		}
+		// Goroutine guard: a slow onProgress callback must not stall the NATS
+		// reader thread. Events spawn one goroutine each, so ordering at the
+		// consumer is best-effort; the worker debounces to ~250ms which dwarfs
+		// goroutine scheduling jitter, and its final Flush() is the terminal tick.
+		go onProgress(ev)
+	})
+	if subErr != nil {
+		xlog.Warn("Failed to subscribe to backend progress subject; proceeding without progress streaming",
+			"subject", progressSubject, "error", subErr)
+		return nil
+	}
+	return s
+}
+
 // UpgradeBackend sends a backend.upgrade request-reply to a worker node.
 // The worker stops every live process for this backend, force-reinstalls
 // from the gallery (overwriting the on-disk artifact), and replies. The
 // next routine InstallBackend call spawns a fresh process with the new
 // binary - upgrade itself does not start a process.
 //
+// When opID is non-empty and onProgress is set, the master subscribes to the
+// per-op progress subject before firing the request so a long force-reinstall
+// streams per-node download ticks instead of blocking opaque at progress 0.
+//
 // Timeout: configured via DistributedConfig.BackendUpgradeTimeoutOrDefault
 // (default 15m). Real-world worst case observed: 8-10 minutes for large
 // CUDA-l4t backend images on Jetson over WiFi.
-func (a *RemoteUnloaderAdapter) UpgradeBackend(nodeID, backendType, galleriesJSON, uri, name, alias string, replicaIndex int) (*messaging.BackendUpgradeReply, error) {
+func (a *RemoteUnloaderAdapter) UpgradeBackend(nodeID, backendType, galleriesJSON, uri, name, alias string, replicaIndex int, opID string, onProgress func(messaging.BackendInstallProgressEvent)) (*messaging.BackendUpgradeReply, error) {
 	subject := messaging.SubjectNodeBackendUpgrade(nodeID)
-	xlog.Info("Sending NATS backend.upgrade", "nodeID", nodeID, "backend", backendType, "replica", replicaIndex)
+	xlog.Info("Sending NATS backend.upgrade", "nodeID", nodeID, "backend", backendType, "replica", replicaIndex, "opID", opID)
+
+	sub := a.subscribeProgress(nodeID, opID, onProgress)
 
 	reply, err := messaging.RequestJSON[messaging.BackendUpgradeRequest, messaging.BackendUpgradeReply](a.nats, subject, messaging.BackendUpgradeRequest{
 		Backend:          backendType,
@@ -202,7 +212,13 @@ func (a *RemoteUnloaderAdapter) UpgradeBackend(nodeID, backendType, galleriesJSO
 		Name:             name,
 		Alias:            alias,
 		ReplicaIndex:     int32(replicaIndex),
+		OpID:             opID,
 	}, a.upgradeTimeout)
+
+	if sub != nil {
+		_ = sub.Unsubscribe()
+	}
+
 	if err != nil && isNATSTimeout(err) {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("%w (subject=%s nodeID=%s backend=%s): %v",
 			galleryop.ErrWorkerStillInstalling, subject, nodeID, backendType, err)
@@ -216,10 +232,12 @@ func (a *RemoteUnloaderAdapter) UpgradeBackend(nodeID, backendType, galleriesJSO
 // doesn't subscribe to the new subject). It re-fires the legacy
 // backend.install with Force=true. Drop this once every worker is on
 // 2026-05-08 or newer.
-func (a *RemoteUnloaderAdapter) installWithForceFallback(nodeID, backendType, galleriesJSON, uri, name, alias string, replicaIndex int) (*messaging.BackendInstallReply, error) {
+func (a *RemoteUnloaderAdapter) installWithForceFallback(nodeID, backendType, galleriesJSON, uri, name, alias string, replicaIndex int, opID string, onProgress func(messaging.BackendInstallProgressEvent)) (*messaging.BackendInstallReply, error) {
 	subject := messaging.SubjectNodeBackendInstall(nodeID)
 	xlog.Warn("Falling back to legacy backend.install Force=true (old worker)", "nodeID", nodeID, "backend", backendType)
 
+	sub := a.subscribeProgress(nodeID, opID, onProgress)
+
 	reply, err := messaging.RequestJSON[messaging.BackendInstallRequest, messaging.BackendInstallReply](a.nats, subject, messaging.BackendInstallRequest{
 		Backend:          backendType,
 		BackendGalleries: galleriesJSON,
@@ -228,7 +246,13 @@ func (a *RemoteUnloaderAdapter) installWithForceFallback(nodeID, backendType, ga
 		Alias:            alias,
 		ReplicaIndex:     int32(replicaIndex),
 		Force:            true,
+		OpID:             opID,
 	}, a.upgradeTimeout)
+
+	if sub != nil {
+		_ = sub.Unsubscribe()
+	}
+
 	if err != nil && isNATSTimeout(err) {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("%w (subject=%s nodeID=%s backend=%s): %v",
 			galleryop.ErrWorkerStillInstalling, subject, nodeID, backendType, err)

core/services/nodes/unloader_test.go

@@ -282,7 +282,7 @@ var _ = Describe("RemoteUnloaderAdapter timeout configuration", func() {
 		mc.scriptReply(messaging.SubjectNodeBackendUpgrade("n1"), messaging.BackendUpgradeReply{Success: true})
 		adapter := NewRemoteUnloaderAdapter(nil, mc, 7*time.Minute, 11*time.Minute)
 
-		_, err := adapter.UpgradeBackend("n1", "llama-cpp", "[]", "", "", "", 0)
+		_, err := adapter.UpgradeBackend("n1", "llama-cpp", "[]", "", "", "", 0, "", nil)
 		Expect(err).ToNot(HaveOccurred())
 
 		Expect(mc.calls).To(HaveLen(1))

core/services/nodes/unloader_upgrade_test.go

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package nodes
 
 import (
+	"sync"
 	"time"
 
 	. "github.com/onsi/ginkgo/v2"
@@ -18,7 +19,7 @@ var _ = Describe("RemoteUnloaderAdapter.UpgradeBackend", func() {
 			messaging.BackendUpgradeReply{Success: true})
 
 		adapter := NewRemoteUnloaderAdapter(nil, mc, 3*time.Minute, 15*time.Minute)
-		reply, err := adapter.UpgradeBackend(nodeID, "llama-cpp", `[{"name":"x"}]`, "", "", "", 0)
+		reply, err := adapter.UpgradeBackend(nodeID, "llama-cpp", `[{"name":"x"}]`, "", "", "", 0, "", nil)
 		Expect(err).ToNot(HaveOccurred())
 		Expect(reply.Success).To(BeTrue())
 	})
@@ -27,7 +28,55 @@ var _ = Describe("RemoteUnloaderAdapter.UpgradeBackend", func() {
 		mc := newScriptedMessagingClient() // unscripted subject => fakeNoRespondersErr by harness convention
 
 		adapter := NewRemoteUnloaderAdapter(nil, mc, 3*time.Minute, 15*time.Minute)
-		_, err := adapter.UpgradeBackend("missing-node", "llama-cpp", "", "", "", "", 0)
+		_, err := adapter.UpgradeBackend("missing-node", "llama-cpp", "", "", "", "", 0, "", nil)
 		Expect(err).To(HaveOccurred())
 	})
+
+	// Reproducer for "upgrade reports progress:0 the whole time" (Bug B). The
+	// install path streamed per-node download ticks; the upgrade path did a bare
+	// request→single-reply with no progress subscription, so a long force-reinstall
+	// blocked opaque. The adapter must subscribe to the per-op progress subject
+	// (reused from install) BEFORE the request and deliver each tick to onProgress.
+	It("streams per-node progress ticks during the upgrade", func() {
+		mc := newScriptedMessagingClient()
+		nodeID := "node-slow"
+		opID := "op-upgrade-1"
+
+		mc.scriptReply(messaging.SubjectNodeBackendUpgrade(nodeID),
+			messaging.BackendUpgradeReply{Success: true})
+		// The worker would publish these while force-reinstalling. The harness
+		// replays them as soon as the adapter subscribes to the per-op subject.
+		mc.scheduleProgressPublish(nodeID, opID, []messaging.BackendInstallProgressEvent{
+			{NodeID: nodeID, FileName: "llama-cpp.tar", Current: "10 MB", Total: "100 MB", Percentage: 10},
+			{NodeID: nodeID, FileName: "llama-cpp.tar", Current: "100 MB", Total: "100 MB", Percentage: 100},
+		})
+
+		var mu sync.Mutex
+		var got []messaging.BackendInstallProgressEvent
+		onProgress := func(ev messaging.BackendInstallProgressEvent) {
+			mu.Lock()
+			got = append(got, ev)
+			mu.Unlock()
+		}
+
+		adapter := NewRemoteUnloaderAdapter(nil, mc, 3*time.Minute, 15*time.Minute)
+		reply, err := adapter.UpgradeBackend(nodeID, "llama-cpp", `[{"name":"x"}]`, "", "", "", 0, opID, onProgress)
+		Expect(err).ToNot(HaveOccurred())
+		Expect(reply.Success).To(BeTrue())
+
+		// Confirm it subscribed to the (reused) install-progress subject for this op.
+		Expect(mc.subscribeCalls()).To(ContainElement(messaging.SubjectNodeBackendInstallProgress(nodeID, opID)))
+
+		// Progress events are delivered asynchronously (goroutine-per-event), so
+		// poll for both and assert on the set — ordering is best-effort by design.
+		Eventually(func() []float64 {
+			mu.Lock()
+			defer mu.Unlock()
+			pcts := make([]float64, 0, len(got))
+			for _, e := range got {
+				pcts = append(pcts, e.Percentage)
+			}
+			return pcts
+		}, 2*time.Second, 20*time.Millisecond).Should(ConsistOf(float64(10), float64(100)))
+	})
 })

core/services/worker/install.go

@@ -186,17 +186,29 @@ func (s *backendSupervisor) upgradeBackend(req messaging.BackendUpgradeRequest)
 		}
 	}
 
+	// When the master tagged this upgrade with an OpID, stream gallery download
+	// progress back on the per-op subject (reused from install — an upgrade is a
+	// force-reinstall). Old masters omit OpID and stay on the silent path. The
+	// deferred Flush guarantees a terminal-percentage event even if the upgrade
+	// errors out, so the master's per-node bar never hangs mid-download.
+	var downloadCb func(file, current, total string, percentage float64)
+	if req.OpID != "" && s.nats != nil {
+		publisher := nodes.NewDebouncedInstallProgressPublisher(s.nats, s.nodeID, req.OpID, req.Backend, installProgressDebounce)
+		downloadCb = publisher.OnDownload
+		defer publisher.Flush()
+	}
+
 	if req.URI != "" {
 		xlog.Info("Upgrading backend from external URI", "backend", req.Backend, "uri", req.URI)
 		if err := galleryop.InstallExternalBackend(
-			context.Background(), galleries, s.systemState, s.ml, nil, req.URI, req.Name, req.Alias, s.cfg.RequireBackendIntegrity,
+			context.Background(), galleries, s.systemState, s.ml, downloadCb, req.URI, req.Name, req.Alias, s.cfg.RequireBackendIntegrity,
 		); err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("upgrading backend from external URI: %w", err)
 		}
 	} else {
 		xlog.Info("Upgrading backend from gallery", "backend", req.Backend)
 		if err := gallery.InstallBackendFromGallery(
-			context.Background(), galleries, s.systemState, s.ml, req.Backend, nil, true, /* force */
+			context.Background(), galleries, s.systemState, s.ml, req.Backend, downloadCb, true, /* force */
 			s.cfg.RequireBackendIntegrity,
 		); err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("upgrading backend from gallery: %w", err)

docs/content/features/audio-to-text.md

@@ -187,6 +187,21 @@ curl http://localhost:8080/v1/audio/transcriptions \
 
 For real-time use, load a cache-aware streaming model (e.g. `realtime_eou_120m-v1-*.gguf`) and pass `-F stream=true`. Deltas are emitted as the audio is decoded, with end-of-utterance events closing each segment.
 
+### Segment timestamps
+
+Transcriptions are split into segments the same way NVIDIA NeMo does: a new segment starts after sentence-ending punctuation (`.`, `?`, `!`), and each segment carries `start`/`end` times. This is the default (NeMo's punctuation-only segmentation) and needs no configuration. While streaming, each end-of-utterance closes a segment, now with timestamps.
+
+You can additionally split on silence by setting `segment_gap_threshold` (NeMo's `segment_gap_threshold`, in **encoder frames**; off by default). When set, a gap between two words wider than the threshold also starts a new segment. The value is in frames to match NeMo exactly; the backend converts it to seconds using the model's frame stride (`frame_sec`, reported by the engine):
+
+```yaml
+name: parakeet-110m
+backend: parakeet-cpp
+parameters:
+  model: tdt_ctc-110m-f16.gguf
+options:
+- segment_gap_threshold:12   # split on silence > 12 encoder frames (default 0 = off, punctuation-only)
+```
+
 ### Dynamic batching
 
 The backend can coalesce concurrent transcription requests into a single batched engine call, which improves throughput on GPU when many requests arrive at once. Batching is **off by default** (`batch_max_size:1`, one request at a time); raise it to opt in. Two `options:` knobs control it:

docs/content/features/distributed-mode.md

@@ -133,9 +133,9 @@ When S3 is not configured, model files are transferred directly from the fronten
 
 For high-throughput or very large model files, S3 can be more efficient since it avoids streaming through the frontend.
 
-{{% alert icon="⚠️" color="warning" %}}
+{{% notice warning %}}
 The worker HTTP file transfer server is authenticated by `LOCALAI_REGISTRATION_TOKEN`. If the token is **empty**, the server **fails open** — anyone who can reach the port gets read/write access to the worker's models/staging/data directories (a remote model-poisoning / exfiltration vector). The worker logs a loud warning at startup in this case. Always set `LOCALAI_REGISTRATION_TOKEN` in distributed mode, and set `LOCALAI_DISTRIBUTED_REQUIRE_AUTH=true` (frontend **and** workers) to make a missing token *or* missing NATS credentials a hard startup error rather than a silent fail-open. Firewall the file-transfer port (gRPC base − 1) so only the frontend can reach it.
-{{% /alert %}}
+{{% /notice %}}
 
 ### Watching Backend Installs
 

gallery/index.yaml

@@ -1,4 +1,111 @@
 ---
+- name: "gemma-4-26b-a4b-it-qat"
+  url: "github:mudler/LocalAI/gallery/virtual.yaml@master"
+  urls:
+    - https://huggingface.co/unsloth/gemma-4-26B-A4B-it-qat-GGUF
+  description: |
+    Hugging Face |
+    GitHub |
+    Launch Blog |
+    Documentation
+
+    License: Apache 2.0 | Authors: Google DeepMind
+
+    > [!Note]
+    > This model card is for the new versions of the Gemma 4 family optimized with Quantization-Aware Training (QAT), which allows preserving similar quality to bfloat16 while dramatically reducing the memory requirements to load the model.
+    > Four versions of the QAT checkpoints are available:
+    > * **Unquantized QAT checkpoints** (Q4_0): Half-precision weights extracted from the QAT pipeline, ideal for custom downstream compilation and research. Available for Gemma 4 E2B, E4B, 12B, 26B A4B, and 31B, and their drafter models.
+    > * **GGUF** (Q4_0): Ready-to-deploy formats for broad ecosystem compatibility. Available for Gemma 4 E2B, E4B, 12B, 26B A4B, and 31B.
+    > * **Mobile-optimized** (wNa8o8): A custom schema engineered explicitly for mobile hardware efficiency. It features targeted 2-bit decoding layers, optimized KV caches, and static activations to maximize VRAM savings. Available for Gemma 4 E2B and E4B.
+    > * **Compressed Tensors** (w4a16): QAT checkpoints serialized in the compressed-tensors format for native, optimized inference with vLLM. Available for Gemma 4 E2B, E4B, 12B
+
+    ...
+  license: "apache-2.0"
+  tags:
+    - llm
+    - gguf
+    - gemma
+  icon: https://ai.google.dev/gemma/images/gemma4_banner.png
+  overrides:
+    backend: llama-cpp
+    function:
+      automatic_tool_parsing_fallback: true
+      grammar:
+        disable: true
+    known_usecases:
+      - chat
+    mmproj: llama-cpp/mmproj/gemma-4-26B-A4B-it-qat-GGUF/mmproj-F32.gguf
+    options:
+      - use_jinja:true
+    parameters:
+      min_p: 0
+      model: llama-cpp/models/gemma-4-26B-A4B-it-qat-GGUF/gemma-4-26B-A4B-it-qat-UD-Q4_K_XL.gguf
+      repeat_penalty: 1
+      temperature: 1
+      top_k: 64
+      top_p: 0.95
+    template:
+      use_tokenizer_template: true
+  files:
+    - filename: llama-cpp/models/gemma-4-26B-A4B-it-qat-GGUF/gemma-4-26B-A4B-it-qat-UD-Q4_K_XL.gguf
+      sha256: dcf179a91153e3a7ece792e48ef872180d9d6ef9b7677f0a0bd3e83cfe624d5e
+      uri: https://huggingface.co/unsloth/gemma-4-26B-A4B-it-qat-GGUF/resolve/main/gemma-4-26B-A4B-it-qat-UD-Q4_K_XL.gguf
+    - filename: llama-cpp/mmproj/gemma-4-26B-A4B-it-qat-GGUF/mmproj-F32.gguf
+      sha256: ef269e294502d6ee3722cbf129681b2586c2e6ceb79d0507963c92146e058cd4
+      uri: https://huggingface.co/unsloth/gemma-4-26B-A4B-it-qat-GGUF/resolve/main/mmproj-F32.gguf
+- name: "gemma-4-12b-it-qat-q4_0"
+  url: "github:mudler/LocalAI/gallery/virtual.yaml@master"
+  urls:
+    - https://huggingface.co/google/gemma-4-12B-it-qat-q4_0-gguf
+  description: |
+    Hugging Face |
+    GitHub |
+    Launch Blog |
+    Documentation
+
+    License: Apache 2.0 | Authors: Google DeepMind
+
+    > [!Note]
+    > This model card is for the new versions of the Gemma 4 family optimized with Quantization-Aware Training (QAT), which allows preserving similar quality to bfloat16 while dramatically reducing the memory requirements to load the model.
+    > Four versions of the QAT checkpoints are available:
+    > * **Unquantized QAT checkpoints** (Q4_0): Half-precision weights extracted from the QAT pipeline, ideal for custom downstream compilation and research. Available for Gemma 4 E2B, E4B, 12B, 26B A4B, and 31B, and their drafter models.
+    > * **GGUF** (Q4_0): Ready-to-deploy formats for broad ecosystem compatibility. Available for Gemma 4 E2B, E4B, 12B, 26B A4B, and 31B.
+    > * **Mobile-optimized** (wNa8o8): A custom schema engineered explicitly for mobile hardware efficiency. It features targeted 2-bit decoding layers, optimized KV caches, and static activations to maximize VRAM savings. Available for Gemma 4 E2B and E4B.
+    > * **Compressed Tensors** (w4a16): QAT checkpoints serialized in the compressed-tensors format for native, optimized inference with vLLM. Available for Gemma 4 E2B, E4B, 12B
+
+    ...
+  license: "apache-2.0"
+  tags:
+    - llm
+    - gguf
+  icon: https://ai.google.dev/gemma/images/gemma4_banner.png
+  overrides:
+    backend: llama-cpp
+    function:
+      automatic_tool_parsing_fallback: true
+      grammar:
+        disable: true
+    known_usecases:
+      - chat
+    mmproj: llama-cpp/mmproj/gemma-4-12B-it-qat-q4_0-gguf/mmproj-gemma-4-12b-it-qat-q4_0.gguf
+    options:
+      - use_jinja:true
+    parameters:
+      min_p: 0
+      model: llama-cpp/models/gemma-4-12B-it-qat-q4_0-gguf/gemma-4-12b-it-qat-q4_0.gguf
+      repeat_penalty: 1
+      temperature: 1
+      top_k: 64
+      top_p: 0.95
+    template:
+      use_tokenizer_template: true
+  files:
+    - filename: llama-cpp/models/gemma-4-12B-it-qat-q4_0-gguf/gemma-4-12b-it-qat-q4_0.gguf
+      sha256: faff1a63667fac17ac5e777f47114688fcefea96e220e211aaa8d62c2c4561f1
+      uri: https://huggingface.co/google/gemma-4-12B-it-qat-q4_0-gguf/resolve/main/gemma-4-12b-it-qat-q4_0.gguf
+    - filename: llama-cpp/mmproj/gemma-4-12B-it-qat-q4_0-gguf/mmproj-gemma-4-12b-it-qat-q4_0.gguf
+      sha256: e70b0e5cd80323d5d588b4ed06780356b7b1ba03995a4b8164c6ae9db0ff5989
+      uri: https://huggingface.co/google/gemma-4-12B-it-qat-q4_0-gguf/resolve/main/mmproj-gemma-4-12b-it-qat-q4_0.gguf
 - name: "step-3.7-flash"
   url: "github:mudler/LocalAI/gallery/virtual.yaml@master"
   urls:
@@ -26112,6 +26219,106 @@
     - filename: ae.safetensors
       sha256: afc8e28272cd15db3919bacdb6918ce9c1ed22e96cb12c4d5ed0fba823529e38
       uri: https://huggingface.co/ChuckMcSneed/FLUX.1-dev/resolve/main/ae.safetensors
+- name: ideogram-4-iq4nl-ggml
+  url: "github:mudler/LocalAI/gallery/virtual.yaml@master"
+  urls:
+    - https://huggingface.co/ideogram-ai/ideogram-4-fp8
+    - https://huggingface.co/stduhpf/ideogram-4-gguf
+  description: |
+    Ideogram 4 is a text-to-image diffusion model known for state-of-the-art prompt adherence and exceptional, accurate text rendering inside images. It is driven by a Qwen3-VL-8B text encoder and performs real classifier-free guidance from a separate unconditional diffusion model.
+
+    This is the iQ4_NL (4-bit) quantization, a good balance of quality and footprint (~5.8GB diffusion + ~5.8GB unconditional). The bundle also pulls the Qwen3-VL-8B-Instruct text encoder and the FLUX.2 VAE. Quantized GGUF weights by stduhpf for use with stable-diffusion.cpp.
+  license: ideogram-non-commercial-model-agreement
+  tags:
+    - ideogram
+    - ideogram4
+    - text-to-image
+    - image-generation
+    - gguf
+    - quantized
+    - 8b
+    - diffusion
+  last_checked: "2026-06-06"
+  overrides:
+    backend: stablediffusion-ggml
+    step: 25
+    # Ideogram4 runs real classifier-free guidance from a separate
+    # unconditional diffusion model, so it needs a CFG scale > 1 (unlike the
+    # guidance-distilled Flux / Z-Image models). 7 matches the upstream
+    # stable-diffusion.cpp default used in the Ideogram4 example.
+    cfg_scale: 7
+    options:
+      - diffusion_model
+      - uncond_diffusion_model_path:ideogram4_unconditional-iQ4_NL.gguf
+      - llm_path:Qwen3-VL-8B-Instruct-Q4_K_M.gguf
+      - vae_path:flux2-vae.safetensors
+      - sampler:euler
+      - offload_params_to_cpu:true
+    parameters:
+      model: ideogram4-iQ4_NL.gguf
+  files:
+    - filename: ideogram4-iQ4_NL.gguf
+      sha256: 578502024f23e8e988e0cb297201f1ac88dddad5706726ad222d918727e0211d
+      uri: huggingface://stduhpf/ideogram-4-gguf/ideogram4-iQ4_NL.gguf
+    - filename: ideogram4_unconditional-iQ4_NL.gguf
+      sha256: 4140e58c6818dac8221fa590a6814246b5336bb23246fbbb96b9048e887f47cf
+      uri: huggingface://stduhpf/ideogram-4-gguf/ideogram4_unconditional-iQ4_NL.gguf
+    - filename: Qwen3-VL-8B-Instruct-Q4_K_M.gguf
+      sha256: 108e7ff92b78eefd3db4741885104acba514255c11b617d3c7b197a5f46efe89
+      uri: huggingface://unsloth/Qwen3-VL-8B-Instruct-GGUF/Qwen3-VL-8B-Instruct-Q4_K_M.gguf
+    - filename: flux2-vae.safetensors
+      sha256: 868fe7b343cc8f3a19dbcfcafbc3d5f888802be3f89bd81b65b3621a066ce8f3
+      uri: https://huggingface.co/Comfy-Org/Ideogram-4/resolve/main/vae/flux2-vae.safetensors
+- name: ideogram-4-q8_0-ggml
+  url: "github:mudler/LocalAI/gallery/virtual.yaml@master"
+  urls:
+    - https://huggingface.co/ideogram-ai/ideogram-4-fp8
+    - https://huggingface.co/stduhpf/ideogram-4-gguf
+  description: |
+    Ideogram 4 is a text-to-image diffusion model known for state-of-the-art prompt adherence and exceptional, accurate text rendering inside images. It is driven by a Qwen3-VL-8B text encoder and performs real classifier-free guidance from a separate unconditional diffusion model.
+
+    This is the Q8_0 (8-bit) quantization for highest quality (~10.1GB diffusion + ~10.1GB unconditional). The bundle also pulls the Qwen3-VL-8B-Instruct text encoder and the FLUX.2 VAE. Quantized GGUF weights by stduhpf for use with stable-diffusion.cpp.
+  license: ideogram-non-commercial-model-agreement
+  tags:
+    - ideogram
+    - ideogram4
+    - text-to-image
+    - image-generation
+    - gguf
+    - quantized
+    - 8b
+    - diffusion
+  last_checked: "2026-06-06"
+  overrides:
+    backend: stablediffusion-ggml
+    step: 25
+    # Ideogram4 runs real classifier-free guidance from a separate
+    # unconditional diffusion model, so it needs a CFG scale > 1 (unlike the
+    # guidance-distilled Flux / Z-Image models). 7 matches the upstream
+    # stable-diffusion.cpp default used in the Ideogram4 example.
+    cfg_scale: 7
+    options:
+      - diffusion_model
+      - uncond_diffusion_model_path:ideogram4_unconditional-Q8_0.gguf
+      - llm_path:Qwen3-VL-8B-Instruct-Q4_K_M.gguf
+      - vae_path:flux2-vae.safetensors
+      - sampler:euler
+      - offload_params_to_cpu:true
+    parameters:
+      model: ideogram4-Q8_0.gguf
+  files:
+    - filename: ideogram4-Q8_0.gguf
+      sha256: feb6cae997927ba0e339bf6ef64b14df9353064f60805d53f84c592643addcfd
+      uri: huggingface://stduhpf/ideogram-4-gguf/ideogram4-Q8_0.gguf
+    - filename: ideogram4_unconditional-Q8_0.gguf
+      sha256: 9261d1473d328aa7edbe1b3fa48a9b9bd2e19fe78439fe6a293af1016c63debd
+      uri: huggingface://stduhpf/ideogram-4-gguf/ideogram4_unconditional-Q8_0.gguf
+    - filename: Qwen3-VL-8B-Instruct-Q4_K_M.gguf
+      sha256: 108e7ff92b78eefd3db4741885104acba514255c11b617d3c7b197a5f46efe89
+      uri: huggingface://unsloth/Qwen3-VL-8B-Instruct-GGUF/Qwen3-VL-8B-Instruct-Q4_K_M.gguf
+    - filename: flux2-vae.safetensors
+      sha256: 868fe7b343cc8f3a19dbcfcafbc3d5f888802be3f89bd81b65b3621a066ce8f3
+      uri: https://huggingface.co/Comfy-Org/Ideogram-4/resolve/main/vae/flux2-vae.safetensors
 - name: whisper-1
   url: github:mudler/LocalAI/gallery/whisper-base.yaml@master
   urls:
@@ -31887,6 +32094,41 @@
     - filename: parakeet-cpp/tdt_ctc-1.1b-f16.gguf
       uri: huggingface://mudler/parakeet-cpp-gguf/tdt_ctc-1.1b-f16.gguf
       sha256: cd53f64eefac2623a12f2f118ef50b56622dc3012f42c815c6adf0d08292f387
+- name: parakeet-cpp-nemotron-3.5-asr-streaming-0.6b
+  url: github:mudler/LocalAI/gallery/virtual.yaml@master
+  urls:
+    - https://huggingface.co/mudler/parakeet-cpp-gguf
+    - https://huggingface.co/nvidia/nemotron-3.5-asr-streaming-0.6b
+    - https://github.com/mudler/parakeet.cpp
+  description: |
+    Multilingual (40+ locales), prompt-conditioned, cache-aware streaming FastConformer RNN-T, 0.6B.
+    Q8_0 GGUF for the parakeet-cpp backend (C++/ggml port of NVIDIA NeMo). Byte-identical to NeMo at
+    WER 0 offline and streaming, about 2.5x faster than NeMo on CPU with no GPU. Select a language with
+    the request "language" field (for example en, de, es, ja-JP), or leave it empty for automatic
+    detection. License OpenMDW-1.1.
+  license: other
+  tags:
+    - parakeet
+    - parakeet-cpp
+    - nemotron
+    - asr
+    - speech-recognition
+    - stt
+    - multilingual
+    - streaming
+    - gguf
+    - ggml
+  overrides:
+    backend: parakeet-cpp
+    known_usecases:
+      - transcript
+    name: parakeet-cpp-nemotron-3.5-asr-streaming-0.6b
+    parameters:
+      model: parakeet-cpp/nemotron-3.5-asr-streaming-0.6b-q8_0.gguf
+  files:
+    - filename: parakeet-cpp/nemotron-3.5-asr-streaming-0.6b-q8_0.gguf
+      uri: huggingface://mudler/parakeet-cpp-gguf/nemotron-3.5-asr-streaming-0.6b-q8_0.gguf
+      sha256: ba2f13eccd4a5245be728f77e6149bd6a4fdcdd133ff2e08ac6005bcef7a99f1
 - name: parakeet-crispasr
   url: github:mudler/LocalAI/gallery/virtual.yaml@master
   urls:

go.mod

@@ -219,8 +219,8 @@ require (
 	github.com/kevinburke/ssh_config v1.2.0 // indirect
 	github.com/labstack/gommon v0.4.2 // indirect
 	github.com/mschoch/smat v0.2.0 // indirect
-	github.com/mudler/LocalAGI v0.0.0-20260508125235-37810d918a87
-	github.com/mudler/localrecall v0.6.1-0.20260507074622-a7724fef6f81 // indirect
+	github.com/mudler/LocalAGI v0.0.0-20260606071251-14aed1ae4336
+	github.com/mudler/localrecall v0.6.3-0.20260606070048-9a3b3321a9cd // indirect
 	github.com/mudler/skillserver v0.0.7-0.20260520220837-a7317cbf9145
 	github.com/olekukonko/tablewriter v0.0.5 // indirect
 	github.com/oxffaa/gopher-parse-sitemap v0.0.0-20191021113419-005d2eb1def4 // indirect

go.sum

@@ -966,8 +966,8 @@ github.com/mr-tron/base58 v1.3.0 h1:K6Y13R2h+dku0wOqKtecgRnBUBPrZzLZy5aIj8lCcJI=
 github.com/mr-tron/base58 v1.3.0/go.mod h1:2BuubE67DCSWwVfx37JWNG8emOC0sHEU4/HpcYgCLX8=
 github.com/mschoch/smat v0.2.0 h1:8imxQsjDm8yFEAVBe7azKmKSgzSkZXDuKkSq9374khM=
 github.com/mschoch/smat v0.2.0/go.mod h1:kc9mz7DoBKqDyiRL7VZN8KvXQMWeTaVnttLRXOlotKw=
-github.com/mudler/LocalAGI v0.0.0-20260508125235-37810d918a87 h1:az+2umaD/sT1rRvI3WZHWXjzdJVJHxcyxp0SNYbqlFk=
-github.com/mudler/LocalAGI v0.0.0-20260508125235-37810d918a87/go.mod h1:x77p9W1zKZr+W+UcEwg8/qdp00p4XXOI69wE7WlXZc0=
+github.com/mudler/LocalAGI v0.0.0-20260606071251-14aed1ae4336 h1:iKBkSnpisOvMVxFoYsAObvAuOqXBakRPMD0PWxWG5EE=
+github.com/mudler/LocalAGI v0.0.0-20260606071251-14aed1ae4336/go.mod h1:U+g6u8mF2wQxhkdBl3dr8G4db1cv3n7KTKmraoJ7D0c=
 github.com/mudler/cogito v0.9.5-0.20260315222927-63abdec7189b h1:A74T2Lauvg61KodYqsjTYDY05kPLcW+efVZjd23dghU=
 github.com/mudler/cogito v0.9.5-0.20260315222927-63abdec7189b/go.mod h1:6sfja3lcu2nWRzEc0wwqGNu/eCG3EWgij+8s7xyUeQ4=
 github.com/mudler/edgevpn v0.34.0 h1:qDrD/rCPFY/FdURbXudIZWihVKY4VOX3nMn3CcbeQEU=
@@ -976,8 +976,8 @@ github.com/mudler/go-piper v0.0.0-20241023091659-2494246fd9fc h1:RxwneJl1VgvikiX
 github.com/mudler/go-piper v0.0.0-20241023091659-2494246fd9fc/go.mod h1:O7SwdSWMilAWhBZMK9N9Y/oBDyMMzshE3ju8Xkexwig=
 github.com/mudler/go-processmanager v0.1.1 h1:c/1NRZOZpW8HuFv9RhBG57nQu1oDMRomEHedwBFMlrw=
 github.com/mudler/go-processmanager v0.1.1/go.mod h1:h6kmHUZeafr+k5hRYpGLMzJFH4hItHffgpRo2QIkP+o=
-github.com/mudler/localrecall v0.6.1-0.20260507074622-a7724fef6f81 h1:8D9NJ/ikhsJCxUwbdzIzadw6RqDrW+L0FPqpQQSeux8=
-github.com/mudler/localrecall v0.6.1-0.20260507074622-a7724fef6f81/go.mod h1:28k5n19raUrkuwXkacdNsBlj8yuSnGhpT16tu+2+4dU=
+github.com/mudler/localrecall v0.6.3-0.20260606070048-9a3b3321a9cd h1:trn9D5UHAE6zdRyD2uX04W1tLSslAwozVwcyNTd72Ak=
+github.com/mudler/localrecall v0.6.3-0.20260606070048-9a3b3321a9cd/go.mod h1:28k5n19raUrkuwXkacdNsBlj8yuSnGhpT16tu+2+4dU=
 github.com/mudler/memory v0.0.0-20260406210934-424c1ecf2cf8 h1:Ry8RiWy8fZ6Ff4E7dPmjRsBrnHOnPeOOj2LhCgyjQu0=
 github.com/mudler/memory v0.0.0-20260406210934-424c1ecf2cf8/go.mod h1:EA8Ashhd56o32qN7ouPKFSRUs/Z+LrRCF4v6R2Oarm8=
 github.com/mudler/skillserver v0.0.7-0.20260520220837-a7317cbf9145 h1:z59tA3IDYPt71nzH1jpxeaA1LuDw8aZfpTQFNU43Zb8=

pkg/vram/gguf_reader.go

@@ -15,7 +15,11 @@ func (defaultGGUFReader) ReadMetadata(ctx context.Context, uri string) (*GGUFMet
 	urlStr := u.ResolveURL()
 
 	if strings.HasPrefix(uri, downloader.LocalPrefix) {
-		f, err := gguf.ParseGGUFFile(urlStr)
+		// Only architecture scalars are read below, never the tokenizer vocab
+		// arrays, so skip them and memory-map the header to avoid a syscall
+		// storm on slow storage. Same rationale as the startup guessing path in
+		// core/config/hooks_llamacpp.go (https://github.com/mudler/LocalAI/issues/9790).
+		f, err := gguf.ParseGGUFFile(urlStr, gguf.UseMMap(), gguf.SkipLargeMetadata())
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}