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42 Commits

Author SHA1 Message Date
Sebastián Ramírez
22ccca21fc 🔖 Release version 0.120.2 2025-10-29 14:44:41 +01:00
github-actions[bot]
d2a703d5cc 📝 Update release notes
[skip ci]
2025-10-29 13:43:35 +00:00
Sebastián Ramírez
35aa12b9bd 🔧 Add sponsor: SerpApi (#14248) 2025-10-29 14:43:11 +01:00
github-actions[bot]
c01b5dd96f 📝 Update release notes
[skip ci]
2025-10-29 13:09:57 +00:00
Sebastián Ramírez
6a657f360d 🐛 Fix separation of schemas with nested models introduced in 0.119.0 (#14246) 2025-10-29 14:09:30 +01:00
github-actions[bot]
7132a69046 📝 Update release notes
[skip ci]
2025-10-28 07:50:28 +00:00
github-actions[bot]
db7feb5a3e 📝 Update release notes
[skip ci]
2025-10-28 07:50:26 +00:00
github-actions[bot]
448ea5ec82 📝 Update release notes
[skip ci]
2025-10-28 07:48:51 +00:00
pre-commit-ci[bot]
b618e0f9d4 ⬆ [pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate (#14237)
updates:
- [github.com/astral-sh/ruff-pre-commit: v0.14.1 → v0.14.2](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff-pre-commit/compare/v0.14.1...v0.14.2)

Co-authored-by: pre-commit-ci[bot] <66853113+pre-commit-ci[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
2025-10-28 08:48:46 +01:00
dependabot[bot]
ccf50ca477 ⬆ Bump actions/download-artifact from 5 to 6 (#14236)
Bumps [actions/download-artifact](https://github.com/actions/download-artifact) from 5 to 6.
- [Release notes](https://github.com/actions/download-artifact/releases)
- [Commits](https://github.com/actions/download-artifact/compare/v5...v6)

---
updated-dependencies:
- dependency-name: actions/download-artifact
  dependency-version: '6'
  dependency-type: direct:production
  update-type: version-update:semver-major
...

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com>
Co-authored-by: dependabot[bot] <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
2025-10-28 08:48:36 +01:00
dependabot[bot]
a0ef245067 ⬆ Bump actions/upload-artifact from 4 to 5 (#14235)
Bumps [actions/upload-artifact](https://github.com/actions/upload-artifact) from 4 to 5.
- [Release notes](https://github.com/actions/upload-artifact/releases)
- [Commits](https://github.com/actions/upload-artifact/compare/v4...v5)

---
updated-dependencies:
- dependency-name: actions/upload-artifact
  dependency-version: '5'
  dependency-type: direct:production
  update-type: version-update:semver-major
...

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com>
Co-authored-by: dependabot[bot] <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
2025-10-28 08:48:28 +01:00
Sebastián Ramírez
78c94c3f56 🔖 Release version 0.120.1 2025-10-27 18:51:46 +01:00
github-actions[bot]
4b0301b280 📝 Update release notes
[skip ci]
2025-10-27 17:50:15 +00:00
Motov Yurii
436932aef5 ⬆️ Bump Starlette to <0.50.0 (#14234) 2025-10-27 18:49:54 +01:00
github-actions[bot]
3ea6a4a0b1 📝 Update release notes
[skip ci]
2025-10-27 14:47:51 +00:00
Motov Yurii
96dd32718b 🔧 Add license and license-files to pyproject.toml, remove License from classifiers (#14230) 2025-10-27 15:45:14 +01:00
Sebastián Ramírez
cd40c5b40f 🔖 Release version 0.120.0 2025-10-23 22:54:45 +02:00
Sebastián Ramírez
1c6ee57bbf 📝 Update release notes 2025-10-23 22:54:19 +02:00
github-actions[bot]
09f40968cb 📝 Update release notes
[skip ci]
2025-10-23 20:32:06 +00:00
Sebastián Ramírez
d390f2e41f Migrate internal reference documentation from typing_extensions.Doc to annotated_doc.Doc (#14222) 2025-10-23 22:31:35 +02:00
github-actions[bot]
cb7018d782 📝 Update release notes
[skip ci]
2025-10-21 20:32:57 +00:00
Nils-Hero Lindemann
a578ea1fd3 🛠️ Update German LLM prompt and test file (#14189)
Minor fixes in German LLM prompt and test file

Co-authored-by: Motov Yurii <109919500+YuriiMotov@users.noreply.github.com>
2025-10-21 22:32:28 +02:00
github-actions[bot]
9c912d1dd6 📝 Update release notes
[skip ci]
2025-10-21 07:53:59 +00:00
pre-commit-ci[bot]
da011f212a ⬆ [pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate (#14181)
updates:
- [github.com/astral-sh/ruff-pre-commit: v0.13.3 → v0.14.1](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff-pre-commit/compare/v0.13.3...v0.14.1)

Co-authored-by: pre-commit-ci[bot] <66853113+pre-commit-ci[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
2025-10-21 09:53:27 +02:00
github-actions[bot]
046d49b5a9 📝 Update release notes
[skip ci]
2025-10-20 14:00:33 +00:00
Nils-Hero Lindemann
847280450a 🌐 Sync German docs (#14188)
Sync German docs with #14168

Co-authored-by: Motov Yurii <109919500+YuriiMotov@users.noreply.github.com>
2025-10-20 16:00:08 +02:00
Sebastián Ramírez
864b569cf8 🔖 Release version 0.119.1 2025-10-20 13:28:38 +02:00
github-actions[bot]
43f15d3b43 📝 Update release notes
[skip ci]
2025-10-20 11:27:39 +00:00
Sofie Van Landeghem
d8c691f7f0 🐛 Fix internal Pydantic v1 compatibility (warnings) for Python 3.14 and Pydantic 2.12.1 (#14186)
Co-authored-by: pre-commit-ci[bot] <66853113+pre-commit-ci[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Sebastián Ramírez <tiangolo@gmail.com>
2025-10-20 13:26:49 +02:00
github-actions[bot]
6e49dc0295 📝 Update release notes
[skip ci]
2025-10-19 19:12:47 +00:00
Sebastián Ramírez
7df594d284 🔧 Add sponsor Requestly (#14205) 2025-10-19 21:12:22 +02:00
github-actions[bot]
81f85831f5 📝 Update release notes
[skip ci]
2025-10-11 19:36:56 +00:00
Motov Yurii
7f810ca93b 🔧 Configure reminder for waiting label in issue-manager (#14156) 2025-10-11 21:36:25 +02:00
github-actions[bot]
414f961f1f 📝 Update release notes
[skip ci]
2025-10-11 17:49:15 +00:00
Marcelo Trylesinski
dde7bd1ceb 📝 Replace starlette.io by starlette.dev and uvicorn.org by uvicorn.dev (#14176)
Co-authored-by: pre-commit-ci[bot] <66853113+pre-commit-ci[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
2025-10-11 17:48:49 +00:00
Sebastián Ramírez
2e721e1b02 🔖 Release version 0.119.0 2025-10-11 19:09:01 +02:00
Sebastián Ramírez
fc7a0686af 📝 Update release notes 2025-10-11 19:07:40 +02:00
github-actions[bot]
3a3879b2c3 📝 Update release notes
[skip ci]
2025-10-11 16:46:19 +00:00
Sebastián Ramírez
d34918abf0 Add support for from pydantic.v1 import BaseModel, mixed Pydantic v1 and v2 models in the same app (#14168)
Co-authored-by: pre-commit-ci[bot] <66853113+pre-commit-ci[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
2025-10-11 18:45:54 +02:00
Sebastián Ramírez
352dbefc63 🔖 Release version 0.118.3 2025-10-10 12:34:39 +02:00
github-actions[bot]
96e7d6eaa4 📝 Update release notes
[skip ci]
2025-10-10 09:45:05 +00:00
Sofie Van Landeghem
3611c3fc5b ⬆️ Add support for Python 3.14 (#14165) 2025-10-10 11:44:39 +02:00
291 changed files with 10307 additions and 1323 deletions

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@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ jobs:
path: docs/${{ matrix.lang }}/.cache
- name: Build Docs
run: python ./scripts/docs.py build-lang ${{ matrix.lang }}
- uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
- uses: actions/upload-artifact@v5
with:
name: docs-site-${{ matrix.lang }}
path: ./site/**

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@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ jobs:
run: |
rm -rf ./site
mkdir ./site
- uses: actions/download-artifact@v5
- uses: actions/download-artifact@v6
with:
path: ./site/
pattern: docs-site-*

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@@ -38,7 +38,11 @@ jobs:
},
"waiting": {
"delay": 2628000,
"message": "As this PR has been waiting for the original user for a while but seems to be inactive, it's now going to be closed. But if there's anyone interested, feel free to create a new PR."
"message": "As this PR has been waiting for the original user for a while but seems to be inactive, it's now going to be closed. But if there's anyone interested, feel free to create a new PR.",
"reminder": {
"before": "P3D",
"message": "Heads-up: this will be closed in 3 days unless theres new activity."
}
},
"invalid": {
"delay": 0,

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@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ jobs:
requirements**.txt
pyproject.toml
- run: uv pip install -r requirements-github-actions.txt
- uses: actions/download-artifact@v5
- uses: actions/download-artifact@v6
with:
name: coverage-html
path: htmlcov

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@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@ jobs:
strategy:
matrix:
python-version:
- "3.14"
- "3.13"
- "3.12"
- "3.11"
@@ -55,6 +56,9 @@ jobs:
- "3.9"
- "3.8"
pydantic-version: ["pydantic-v1", "pydantic-v2"]
exclude:
- python-version: "3.14"
pydantic-version: "pydantic-v1"
fail-fast: false
steps:
- name: Dump GitHub context
@@ -93,7 +97,7 @@ jobs:
COVERAGE_FILE: coverage/.coverage.${{ runner.os }}-py${{ matrix.python-version }}
CONTEXT: ${{ runner.os }}-py${{ matrix.python-version }}
- name: Store coverage files
uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
uses: actions/upload-artifact@v5
with:
name: coverage-${{ matrix.python-version }}-${{ matrix.pydantic-version }}
path: coverage
@@ -122,7 +126,7 @@ jobs:
- name: Install Dependencies
run: uv pip install -r requirements-tests.txt
- name: Get coverage files
uses: actions/download-artifact@v5
uses: actions/download-artifact@v6
with:
pattern: coverage-*
path: coverage
@@ -132,7 +136,7 @@ jobs:
- run: coverage report
- run: coverage html --title "Coverage for ${{ github.sha }}"
- name: Store coverage HTML
uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
uses: actions/upload-artifact@v5
with:
name: coverage-html
path: htmlcov

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@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ repos:
- id: end-of-file-fixer
- id: trailing-whitespace
- repo: https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff-pre-commit
rev: v0.13.3
rev: v0.14.2
hooks:
- id: ruff
args:

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@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@ The key features are:
<a href="https://www.coderabbit.ai/?utm_source=fastapi&utm_medium=badge&utm_campaign=fastapi" target="_blank" title="Cut Code Review Time & Bugs in Half with CodeRabbit"><img src="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/sponsors/coderabbit.png"></a>
<a href="https://subtotal.com/?utm_source=fastapi&utm_medium=sponsorship&utm_campaign=open-source" target="_blank" title="The Gold Standard in Retail Account Linking"><img src="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/sponsors/subtotal.svg"></a>
<a href="https://docs.railway.com/guides/fastapi?utm_medium=integration&utm_source=docs&utm_campaign=fastapi" target="_blank" title="Deploy enterprise applications at startup speed"><img src="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/sponsors/railway.png"></a>
<a href="https://serpapi.com/?utm_source=fastapi_website" target="_blank" title="SerpApi: Web Search API"><img src="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/sponsors/serpapi.png"></a>
<a href="https://databento.com/?utm_source=fastapi&utm_medium=sponsor&utm_content=display" target="_blank" title="Pay as you go for market data"><img src="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/sponsors/databento.svg"></a>
<a href="https://speakeasy.com/editor?utm_source=fastapi+repo&utm_medium=github+sponsorship" target="_blank" title="SDKs for your API | Speakeasy"><img src="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/sponsors/speakeasy.png"></a>
<a href="https://www.svix.com/" target="_blank" title="Svix - Webhooks as a service"><img src="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/sponsors/svix.svg"></a>
@@ -125,7 +126,7 @@ If you are building a <abbr title="Command Line Interface">CLI</abbr> app to be
FastAPI stands on the shoulders of giants:
* <a href="https://www.starlette.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette</a> for the web parts.
* <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette</a> for the web parts.
* <a href="https://docs.pydantic.dev/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Pydantic</a> for the data parts.
## Installation
@@ -231,7 +232,7 @@ INFO: Application startup complete.
<details markdown="1">
<summary>About the command <code>fastapi dev main.py</code>...</summary>
The command `fastapi dev` reads your `main.py` file, detects the **FastAPI** app in it, and starts a server using <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a>.
The command `fastapi dev` reads your `main.py` file, detects the **FastAPI** app in it, and starts a server using <a href="https://www.uvicorn.dev" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a>.
By default, `fastapi dev` will start with auto-reload enabled for local development.
@@ -472,7 +473,7 @@ Used by Starlette:
Used by FastAPI:
* <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org" target="_blank"><code>uvicorn</code></a> - for the server that loads and serves your application. This includes `uvicorn[standard]`, which includes some dependencies (e.g. `uvloop`) needed for high performance serving.
* <a href="https://www.uvicorn.dev" target="_blank"><code>uvicorn</code></a> - for the server that loads and serves your application. This includes `uvicorn[standard]`, which includes some dependencies (e.g. `uvloop`) needed for high performance serving.
* `fastapi-cli[standard]` - to provide the `fastapi` command.
* This includes `fastapi-cloud-cli`, which allows you to deploy your FastAPI application to <a href="https://fastapicloud.com" class="external-link" target="_blank">FastAPI Cloud</a>.

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@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ Das LLM wird dies wahrscheinlich falsch übersetzen. Interessant ist nur, ob es
//// tab | Info
Der Prompt-Designer kann entscheiden, ob neutrale Anführungszeichen in typografische Anführungszeichen umgewandelt werden sollen. Es ist in Ordnung, sie unverändert zu lassen.
Der Promptdesigner kann entscheiden, ob neutrale Anführungszeichen in typografische Anführungszeichen umgewandelt werden sollen. Es ist in Ordnung, sie unverändert zu lassen.
Siehe zum Beispiel den Abschnitt `### Quotes` in `docs/de/llm-prompt.md`.
@@ -459,7 +459,7 @@ Für einige sprachspezifische Anweisungen, siehe z. B. den Abschnitt `### Headin
* der Commit
* der Contextmanager
* die Coroutine
* die Datenbank-Session
* die Datenbanksession
* die Festplatte
* die Domain
* die Engine
@@ -496,7 +496,7 @@ Für einige sprachspezifische Anweisungen, siehe z. B. den Abschnitt `### Headin
//// tab | Info
Dies ist eine nicht vollständige und nicht normative Liste von (meist) technischen Begriffen, die in der Dokumentation vorkommen. Sie kann dem Prompt-Designer helfen herauszufinden, bei welchen Begriffen das LLM Unterstützung braucht. Zum Beispiel, wenn es eine gute Übersetzung immer wieder auf eine suboptimale Übersetzung zurücksetzt. Oder wenn es Probleme hat, einen Begriff in Ihrer Sprache zu konjugieren/deklinieren.
Dies ist eine nicht vollständige und nicht normative Liste von (meist) technischen Begriffen, die in der Dokumentation vorkommen. Sie kann dem Promptdesigner helfen herauszufinden, bei welchen Begriffen das LLM Unterstützung braucht. Zum Beispiel, wenn es eine gute Übersetzung immer wieder auf eine suboptimale Übersetzung zurücksetzt. Oder wenn es Probleme hat, einen Begriff in Ihrer Sprache zu konjugieren/deklinieren.
Siehe z. B. den Abschnitt `### List of English terms and their preferred German translations` in `docs/de/llm-prompt.md`.

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@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ In der technischen ASGI-Spezifikation ist dies Teil des <a href="https://asgi.re
/// info | Info
Weitere Informationen zu Starlettes `lifespan`-Handlern finden Sie in <a href="https://www.starlette.io/lifespan/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlettes Lifespan-Dokumentation</a>.
Weitere Informationen zu Starlettes `lifespan`-Handlern finden Sie in <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/lifespan/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlettes Lifespan-Dokumentation</a>.
Einschließlich, wie man Lifespan-Zustand handhabt, der in anderen Bereichen Ihres Codes verwendet werden kann.

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@@ -94,4 +94,4 @@ Zum Beispiel:
* <a href="https://github.com/encode/uvicorn/blob/master/uvicorn/middleware/proxy_headers.py" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorns `ProxyHeadersMiddleware`</a>
* <a href="https://github.com/florimondmanca/msgpack-asgi" class="external-link" target="_blank">MessagePack</a>
Um mehr über weitere verfügbare Middlewares herauszufinden, besuchen Sie <a href="https://www.starlette.io/middleware/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlettes Middleware-Dokumentation</a> und die <a href="https://github.com/florimondmanca/awesome-asgi" class="external-link" target="_blank">ASGI Awesome List</a>.
Um mehr über weitere verfügbare Middlewares herauszufinden, besuchen Sie <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/middleware/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlettes Middleware-Dokumentation</a> und die <a href="https://github.com/florimondmanca/awesome-asgi" class="external-link" target="_blank">ASGI Awesome List</a>.

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@@ -48,4 +48,4 @@ Und da die `Response` häufig zum Setzen von Headern und Cookies verwendet wird,
///
Um alle verfügbaren Parameter und Optionen anzuzeigen, sehen Sie sich deren <a href="https://www.starlette.io/responses/#set-cookie" class="external-link" target="_blank">Dokumentation in Starlette</a> an.
Um alle verfügbaren Parameter und Optionen anzuzeigen, sehen Sie sich deren <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/responses/#set-cookie" class="external-link" target="_blank">Dokumentation in Starlette</a> an.

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@@ -38,4 +38,4 @@ Und da die `Response` häufig zum Setzen von Headern und Cookies verwendet wird,
Beachten Sie, dass benutzerdefinierte proprietäre Header <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers" class="external-link" target="_blank">mittels des Präfix `X-`</a> hinzugefügt werden können.
Wenn Sie jedoch benutzerdefinierte Header haben, die ein Client in einem Browser sehen können soll, müssen Sie diese zu Ihrer CORS-Konfiguration hinzufügen (weitere Informationen finden Sie unter [CORS (Cross-Origin Resource Sharing)](../tutorial/cors.md){.internal-link target=_blank}), unter Verwendung des Parameters `expose_headers`, dokumentiert in <a href="https://www.starlette.io/middleware/#corsmiddleware" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlettes CORS-Dokumentation</a>.
Wenn Sie jedoch benutzerdefinierte Header haben, die ein Client in einem Browser sehen können soll, müssen Sie diese zu Ihrer CORS-Konfiguration hinzufügen (weitere Informationen finden Sie unter [CORS (Cross-Origin Resource Sharing)](../tutorial/cors.md){.internal-link target=_blank}), unter Verwendung des Parameters `expose_headers`, dokumentiert in <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/middleware/#corsmiddleware" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlettes CORS-Dokumentation</a>.

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@@ -123,4 +123,4 @@ Und da Sie `StaticFiles` verwenden, wird diese CSS-Datei automatisch von Ihrer *
## Mehr Details { #more-details }
Weitere Informationen, einschließlich, wie man Templates testet, finden Sie in <a href="https://www.starlette.io/templates/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlettes Dokumentation zu Templates</a>.
Weitere Informationen, einschließlich, wie man Templates testet, finden Sie in <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/templates/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlettes Dokumentation zu Templates</a>.

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@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ Wenn Sie `lifespan` in Ihren Tests ausführen müssen, können Sie den `TestClie
{* ../../docs_src/app_testing/tutorial004.py hl[9:15,18,27:28,30:32,41:43] *}
Sie können mehr Details unter [„Lifespan in Tests ausführen in der offiziellen Starlette-Dokumentation.“](https://www.starlette.io/lifespan/#running-lifespan-in-tests) nachlesen.
Sie können mehr Details unter [„Lifespan in Tests ausführen in der offiziellen Starlette-Dokumentation.“](https://www.starlette.dev/lifespan/#running-lifespan-in-tests) nachlesen.
Für die deprecateten Events <abbr title="Hochfahren">`startup`</abbr> und <abbr title="Herunterfahren">`shutdown`</abbr> können Sie den `TestClient` wie folgt verwenden:

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@@ -8,6 +8,6 @@ Dazu verwenden Sie den `TestClient` in einer `with`-Anweisung, eine Verbindung z
/// note | Hinweis
Weitere Informationen finden Sie in Starlettes Dokumentation zum <a href="https://www.starlette.io/testclient/#testing-websocket-sessions" class="external-link" target="_blank">Testen von WebSockets</a>.
Weitere Informationen finden Sie in Starlettes Dokumentation zum <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/testclient/#testing-websocket-sessions" class="external-link" target="_blank">Testen von WebSockets</a>.
///

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@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ Es gibt jedoch Situationen, in denen Sie möglicherweise direkt auf das `Request
## Details zum `Request`-Objekt { #details-about-the-request-object }
Da **FastAPI** unter der Haube eigentlich **Starlette** ist, mit einer Ebene von mehreren Tools darüber, können Sie Starlettes <a href="https://www.starlette.io/requests/" class="external-link" target="_blank">`Request`</a>-Objekt direkt verwenden, wenn Sie es benötigen.
Da **FastAPI** unter der Haube eigentlich **Starlette** ist, mit einer Ebene von mehreren Tools darüber, können Sie Starlettes <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/requests/" class="external-link" target="_blank">`Request`</a>-Objekt direkt verwenden, wenn Sie es benötigen.
Das bedeutet allerdings auch, dass, wenn Sie Daten direkt vom `Request`-Objekt nehmen (z. B. dessen Body lesen), diese von FastAPI nicht validiert, konvertiert oder dokumentiert werden (mit OpenAPI, für die automatische API-Benutzeroberfläche).
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ Auf die gleiche Weise können Sie wie gewohnt jeden anderen Parameter deklariere
## `Request`-Dokumentation { #request-documentation }
Weitere Details zum <a href="https://www.starlette.io/requests/" class="external-link" target="_blank">`Request`-Objekt finden Sie in der offiziellen Starlette-Dokumentation</a>.
Weitere Details zum <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/requests/" class="external-link" target="_blank">`Request`-Objekt finden Sie in der offiziellen Starlette-Dokumentation</a>.
/// note | Technische Details

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@@ -182,5 +182,5 @@ Wenn Sie etwas benötigen, das sich leicht in FastAPI integrieren lässt, aber r
Weitere Informationen zu Optionen finden Sie in der Dokumentation von Starlette:
* <a href="https://www.starlette.io/websockets/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Die `WebSocket`-Klasse</a>.
* <a href="https://www.starlette.io/endpoints/#websocketendpoint" class="external-link" target="_blank">Klassen-basierte Handhabung von WebSockets</a>.
* <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/websockets/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Die `WebSocket`-Klasse</a>.
* <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/endpoints/#websocketendpoint" class="external-link" target="_blank">Klassen-basierte Handhabung von WebSockets</a>.

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@@ -417,7 +417,7 @@ Die gesamte Datenvalidierung, Datenserialisierung und automatische Modelldokumen
///
### <a href="https://www.starlette.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette</a> { #starlette }
### <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette</a> { #starlette }
Starlette ist ein leichtgewichtiges <abbr title="Der neue Standard für die Erstellung asynchroner Python-Webanwendungen">ASGI</abbr>-Framework/Toolkit, welches sich ideal für die Erstellung hochperformanter asynchroner Dienste eignet.
@@ -462,7 +462,7 @@ Alles, was Sie also mit Starlette machen können, können Sie direkt mit **FastA
///
### <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a> { #uvicorn }
### <a href="https://www.uvicorn.dev/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a> { #uvicorn }
Uvicorn ist ein blitzschneller ASGI-Server, der auf uvloop und httptools basiert.

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@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ Das Wichtigste, was Sie benötigen, um eine **FastAPI**-Anwendung (oder eine and
Es gibt mehrere Alternativen, einschließlich:
* <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a>: ein hochperformanter ASGI-Server.
* <a href="https://www.uvicorn.dev/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a>: ein hochperformanter ASGI-Server.
* <a href="https://hypercorn.readthedocs.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hypercorn</a>: ein ASGI-Server, der unter anderem kompatibel mit HTTP/2 und Trio ist.
* <a href="https://github.com/django/daphne" class="external-link" target="_blank">Daphne</a>: der für Django Channels entwickelte ASGI-Server.
* <a href="https://github.com/emmett-framework/granian" class="external-link" target="_blank">Granian</a>: Ein Rust HTTP-Server für Python-Anwendungen.

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@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ FastAPI CLI nimmt den Pfad zu Ihrem Python-Programm (z. B. `main.py`), erkennt a
Für die Produktion würden Sie stattdessen `fastapi run` verwenden. 🚀
Intern verwendet das **FastAPI CLI** <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a>, einen leistungsstarken, produktionsreifen, ASGI-Server. 😎
Intern verwendet das **FastAPI CLI** <a href="https://www.uvicorn.dev" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a>, einen leistungsstarken, produktionsreifen, ASGI-Server. 😎
## `fastapi dev` { #fastapi-dev }

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@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ Jede Integration wurde so entworfen, dass sie so einfach zu nutzen ist (mit Abh
## Starlette Merkmale { #starlette-features }
**FastAPI** ist vollkommen kompatibel (und basiert auf) <a href="https://www.starlette.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank"><strong>Starlette</strong></a>. Das bedeutet, wenn Sie eigenen Starlette Quellcode haben, funktioniert der.
**FastAPI** ist vollkommen kompatibel (und basiert auf) <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/" class="external-link" target="_blank"><strong>Starlette</strong></a>. Das bedeutet, wenn Sie eigenen Starlette Quellcode haben, funktioniert der.
`FastAPI` ist tatsächlich eine Unterklasse von `Starlette`. Wenn Sie also bereits Starlette kennen oder benutzen, das meiste funktioniert genau so.

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@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ Nachdem ich mehrere Alternativen getestet hatte, entschied ich, dass ich <a href
Dann habe ich zu dessen Code beigetragen, um es vollständig mit JSON Schema kompatibel zu machen, und so verschiedene Möglichkeiten zum Definieren von einschränkenden Deklarationen (Constraints) zu unterstützen, und die Editorunterstützung (Typprüfungen, Codevervollständigung) zu verbessern, basierend auf den Tests in mehreren Editoren.
Während der Entwicklung habe ich auch zu <a href="https://www.starlette.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">**Starlette**</a> beigetragen, der anderen Schlüsselanforderung.
Während der Entwicklung habe ich auch zu <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/" class="external-link" target="_blank">**Starlette**</a> beigetragen, der anderen Schlüsselanforderung.
## Entwicklung { #development }

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@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ Das `scope`-`dict` und die `receive`-Funktion sind beide Teil der ASGI-Spezifika
Und diese beiden Dinge, `scope` und `receive`, werden benötigt, um eine neue `Request`-Instanz zu erstellen.
Um mehr über den `Request` zu erfahren, schauen Sie sich <a href="https://www.starlette.io/requests/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlettes Dokumentation zu Requests</a> an.
Um mehr über den `Request` zu erfahren, schauen Sie sich <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/requests/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlettes Dokumentation zu Requests</a> an.
///

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@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
# Von Pydantic v1 zu Pydantic v2 migrieren { #migrate-from-pydantic-v1-to-pydantic-v2 }
Wenn Sie eine ältere FastAPI-App haben, nutzen Sie möglicherweise Pydantic Version 1.
FastAPI unterstützt seit Version 0.100.0 sowohl Pydantic v1 als auch v2.
Wenn Sie Pydantic v2 installiert hatten, wurde dieses verwendet. Wenn stattdessen Pydantic v1 installiert war, wurde jenes verwendet.
Pydantic v1 ist jetzt deprecatet und die Unterstützung dafür wird in den nächsten Versionen von FastAPI entfernt, Sie sollten also zu **Pydantic v2 migrieren**. Auf diese Weise erhalten Sie die neuesten Features, Verbesserungen und Fixes.
/// warning | Achtung
Außerdem hat das Pydantic-Team die Unterstützung für Pydantic v1 in den neuesten Python-Versionen eingestellt, beginnend mit **Python 3.14**.
Wenn Sie die neuesten Features von Python nutzen möchten, müssen Sie sicherstellen, dass Sie Pydantic v2 verwenden.
///
Wenn Sie eine ältere FastAPI-App mit Pydantic v1 haben, zeige ich Ihnen hier, wie Sie sie zu Pydantic v2 migrieren, und die **neuen Features in FastAPI 0.119.0**, die Ihnen bei einer schrittweisen Migration helfen.
## Offizieller Leitfaden { #official-guide }
Pydantic hat einen offiziellen <a href="https://docs.pydantic.dev/latest/migration/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Migrationsleitfaden</a> von v1 zu v2.
Er enthält auch, was sich geändert hat, wie Validierungen nun korrekter und strikter sind, mögliche Stolpersteine, usw.
Sie können ihn lesen, um besser zu verstehen, was sich geändert hat.
## Tests { #tests }
Stellen Sie sicher, dass Sie [Tests](../tutorial/testing.md){.internal-link target=_blank} für Ihre App haben und diese in Continuous Integration (CI) ausführen.
Auf diese Weise können Sie das Update durchführen und sicherstellen, dass weiterhin alles wie erwartet funktioniert.
## `bump-pydantic` { #bump-pydantic }
In vielen Fällen, wenn Sie reguläre Pydantic-Modelle ohne Anpassungen verwenden, können Sie den Großteil des Prozesses der Migration von Pydantic v1 auf Pydantic v2 automatisieren.
Sie können <a href="https://github.com/pydantic/bump-pydantic" class="external-link" target="_blank">`bump-pydantic`</a> vom selben Pydantic-Team verwenden.
Dieses Tool hilft Ihnen, den Großteil des zu ändernden Codes automatisch anzupassen.
Danach können Sie die Tests ausführen und prüfen, ob alles funktioniert. Falls ja, sind Sie fertig. 😎
## Pydantic v1 in v2 { #pydantic-v1-in-v2 }
Pydantic v2 enthält alles aus Pydantic v1 als Untermodul `pydantic.v1`.
Das bedeutet, Sie können die neueste Version von Pydantic v2 installieren und die alten Pydanticv1Komponenten aus diesem Untermodul importieren und verwenden, als hätten Sie das alte Pydantic v1 installiert.
{* ../../docs_src/pydantic_v1_in_v2/tutorial001_an_py310.py hl[1,4] *}
### FastAPI-Unterstützung für Pydantic v1 in v2 { #fastapi-support-for-pydantic-v1-in-v2 }
Seit FastAPI 0.119.0 gibt es außerdem eine teilweise Unterstützung für Pydantic v1 innerhalb von Pydantic v2, um die Migration auf v2 zu erleichtern.
Sie könnten also Pydantic auf die neueste Version 2 aktualisieren und die Importe so ändern, dass das Untermodul `pydantic.v1` verwendet wird, und in vielen Fällen würde es einfach funktionieren.
{* ../../docs_src/pydantic_v1_in_v2/tutorial002_an_py310.py hl[2,5,15] *}
/// warning | Achtung
Beachten Sie, dass, da das PydanticTeam Pydantic v1 in neueren PythonVersionen nicht mehr unterstützt, beginnend mit Python 3.14, auch die Verwendung von `pydantic.v1` unter Python 3.14 und höher nicht unterstützt wird.
///
### Pydantic v1 und v2 in derselben App { #pydantic-v1-and-v2-on-the-same-app }
Es wird von Pydantic **nicht unterstützt**, dass ein Pydanticv2Modell Felder hat, die als Pydanticv1Modelle definiert sind, und umgekehrt.
```mermaid
graph TB
subgraph "❌ Nicht unterstützt"
direction TB
subgraph V2["Pydantic-v2-Modell"]
V1Field["Pydantic-v1-Modell"]
end
subgraph V1["Pydantic-v1-Modell"]
V2Field["Pydantic-v2-Modell"]
end
end
style V2 fill:#f9fff3
style V1 fill:#fff6f0
style V1Field fill:#fff6f0
style V2Field fill:#f9fff3
```
... aber Sie können getrennte Modelle, die Pydantic v1 bzw. v2 nutzen, in derselben App verwenden.
```mermaid
graph TB
subgraph "✅ Unterstützt"
direction TB
subgraph V2["Pydantic-v2-Modell"]
V2Field["Pydantic-v2-Modell"]
end
subgraph V1["Pydantic-v1-Modell"]
V1Field["Pydantic-v1-Modell"]
end
end
style V2 fill:#f9fff3
style V1 fill:#fff6f0
style V1Field fill:#fff6f0
style V2Field fill:#f9fff3
```
In einigen Fällen ist es sogar möglich, sowohl Pydanticv1 als auch Pydanticv2Modelle in derselben **Pfadoperation** Ihrer FastAPIApp zu verwenden:
{* ../../docs_src/pydantic_v1_in_v2/tutorial003_an_py310.py hl[2:3,6,12,21:22] *}
Im obigen Beispiel ist das Eingabemodell ein Pydanticv1Modell, und das Ausgabemodell (definiert in `response_model=ItemV2`) ist ein Pydanticv2Modell.
### Pydantic v1 Parameter { #pydantic-v1-parameters }
Wenn Sie einige der FastAPI-spezifischen Tools für Parameter wie `Body`, `Query`, `Form`, usw. zusammen mit Pydanticv1Modellen verwenden müssen, können Sie die aus `fastapi.temp_pydantic_v1_params` importieren, während Sie die Migration zu Pydantic v2 abschließen:
{* ../../docs_src/pydantic_v1_in_v2/tutorial004_an_py310.py hl[4,18] *}
### In Schritten migrieren { #migrate-in-steps }
/// tip | Tipp
Probieren Sie zuerst `bump-pydantic` aus. Wenn Ihre Tests erfolgreich sind und das funktioniert, sind Sie mit einem einzigen Befehl fertig. ✨
///
Wenn `bump-pydantic` für Ihren Anwendungsfall nicht funktioniert, können Sie die Unterstützung für Pydanticv1 und Pydanticv2Modelle in derselben App nutzen, um die Migration zu Pydantic v2 schrittweise durchzuführen.
Sie könnten zuerst Pydantic auf die neueste Version 2 aktualisieren und die Importe so ändern, dass für all Ihre Modelle `pydantic.v1` verwendet wird.
Anschließend können Sie beginnen, Ihre Modelle gruppenweise von Pydantic v1 auf v2 zu migrieren in kleinen, schrittweisen Etappen. 🚶

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@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ Wenn Sie eine <abbr title="Command Line Interface Kommandozeilen-Schnittstel
FastAPI steht auf den Schultern von Giganten:
* <a href="https://www.starlette.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette</a> für die Webanteile.
* <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette</a> für die Webanteile.
* <a href="https://docs.pydantic.dev/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Pydantic</a> für die Datenanteile.
## Installation { #installation }
@@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ INFO: Application startup complete.
<details markdown="1">
<summary>Was der Befehl <code>fastapi dev main.py</code> macht ...</summary>
Der Befehl `fastapi dev` liest Ihre `main.py`-Datei, erkennt die **FastAPI**-App darin und startet einen Server mit <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a>.
Der Befehl `fastapi dev` liest Ihre `main.py`-Datei, erkennt die **FastAPI**-App darin und startet einen Server mit <a href="https://www.uvicorn.dev" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a>.
Standardmäßig wird `fastapi dev` mit aktiviertem Auto-Reload für die lokale Entwicklung gestartet.
@@ -470,7 +470,7 @@ Verwendet von Starlette:
Verwendet von FastAPI:
* <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org" target="_blank"><code>uvicorn</code></a> für den Server, der Ihre Anwendung lädt und bereitstellt. Dies umfasst `uvicorn[standard]`, das einige Abhängigkeiten (z. B. `uvloop`) beinhaltet, die für eine Bereitstellung mit hoher Performanz benötigt werden.
* <a href="https://www.uvicorn.dev" target="_blank"><code>uvicorn</code></a> für den Server, der Ihre Anwendung lädt und bereitstellt. Dies umfasst `uvicorn[standard]`, das einige Abhängigkeiten (z. B. `uvloop`) beinhaltet, die für eine Bereitstellung mit hoher Performanz benötigt werden.
* `fastapi-cli[standard]` um den `fastapi`-Befehl bereitzustellen.
* Dies beinhaltet `fastapi-cloud-cli`, das es Ihnen ermöglicht, Ihre FastAPI-Anwendung auf <a href="https://fastapicloud.com" class="external-link" target="_blank">FastAPI Cloud</a> bereitzustellen.

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@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ Und dann schreibt ein weiterer Hintergrundtask, der in der *Pfadoperation-Funkti
## Technische Details { #technical-details }
Die Klasse `BackgroundTasks` stammt direkt von <a href="https://www.starlette.io/background/" class="external-link" target="_blank">`starlette.background`</a>.
Die Klasse `BackgroundTasks` stammt direkt von <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/background/" class="external-link" target="_blank">`starlette.background`</a>.
Sie wird direkt in FastAPI importiert/inkludiert, sodass Sie sie von `fastapi` importieren können und vermeiden, versehentlich das alternative `BackgroundTask` (ohne das `s` am Ende) von `starlette.background` zu importieren.
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ Indem Sie nur `BackgroundTasks` (und nicht `BackgroundTask`) verwenden, ist es d
Es ist immer noch möglich, `BackgroundTask` allein in FastAPI zu verwenden, aber Sie müssen das Objekt in Ihrem Code erstellen und eine Starlette-`Response` zurückgeben, die es enthält.
Weitere Details finden Sie in <a href="https://www.starlette.io/background/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlettes offizieller Dokumentation für Hintergrundtasks</a>.
Weitere Details finden Sie in <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/background/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlettes offizieller Dokumentation für Hintergrundtasks</a>.
## Vorbehalt { #caveat }

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@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ Ebenfalls können Sie es verwenden, um automatisch Code für Clients zu generier
`FastAPI` ist eine Klasse, die direkt von `Starlette` erbt.
Sie können alle <a href="https://www.starlette.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette</a>-Funktionalitäten auch mit `FastAPI` nutzen.
Sie können alle <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette</a>-Funktionalitäten auch mit `FastAPI` nutzen.
///

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@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ Aber falls Sie es für ein fortgeschrittenes Szenario benötigen, können Sie be
## Benutzerdefinierte Exceptionhandler installieren { #install-custom-exception-handlers }
Sie können benutzerdefinierte <abbr title="Ausnahmebehandler: Funktion, die sich um die Bearbeitung einer Exception kümmert">Exceptionhandler</abbr> mit <a href="https://www.starlette.io/exceptions/" class="external-link" target="_blank">den gleichen Exception-Werkzeugen von Starlette</a> hinzufügen.
Sie können benutzerdefinierte <abbr title="Ausnahmebehandler: Funktion, die sich um die Bearbeitung einer Exception kümmert">Exceptionhandler</abbr> mit <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/exceptions/" class="external-link" target="_blank">den gleichen Exception-Werkzeugen von Starlette</a> hinzufügen.
Angenommen, Sie haben eine benutzerdefinierte Exception `UnicornException`, die Sie (oder eine Bibliothek, die Sie verwenden) `raise`n könnten.

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@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ Die Middleware-Funktion erhält:
Beachten Sie, dass benutzerdefinierte proprietäre Header hinzugefügt werden können <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers" class="external-link" target="_blank">unter Verwendung des `X-`-Präfixes</a>.
Wenn Sie jedoch benutzerdefinierte Header haben, die ein Client in einem Browser sehen soll, müssen Sie sie zu Ihrer CORS-Konfiguration ([CORS (Cross-Origin Resource Sharing)](cors.md){.internal-link target=_blank}) hinzufügen, indem Sie den Parameter `expose_headers` verwenden, der in der <a href="https://www.starlette.io/middleware/#corsmiddleware" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlettes CORS-Dokumentation</a> dokumentiert ist.
Wenn Sie jedoch benutzerdefinierte Header haben, die ein Client in einem Browser sehen soll, müssen Sie sie zu Ihrer CORS-Konfiguration ([CORS (Cross-Origin Resource Sharing)](cors.md){.internal-link target=_blank}) hinzufügen, indem Sie den Parameter `expose_headers` verwenden, der in der <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/middleware/#corsmiddleware" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlettes CORS-Dokumentation</a> dokumentiert ist.
///

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@@ -37,4 +37,4 @@ Alle diese Parameter können anders als „`static`“ lauten, passen Sie sie an
## Weitere Informationen { #more-info }
Weitere Details und Optionen finden Sie in der <a href="https://www.starlette.io/staticfiles/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Dokumentation von Starlette zu statischen Dateien</a>.
Weitere Details und Optionen finden Sie in der <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/staticfiles/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Dokumentation von Starlette zu statischen Dateien</a>.

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@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
# Testen { #testing }
Dank <a href="https://www.starlette.io/testclient/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette</a> ist das Testen von **FastAPI**-Anwendungen einfach und macht Spaß.
Dank <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/testclient/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette</a> ist das Testen von **FastAPI**-Anwendungen einfach und macht Spaß.
Es basiert auf <a href="https://www.python-httpx.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">HTTPX</a>, welches wiederum auf der Grundlage von Requests konzipiert wurde, es ist also sehr vertraut und intuitiv.

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@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ Example:
# FastAPI in Containern - Docker { #fastapi-in-containers-docker }
»»»
3.1) Do not apply rule 3 when there is no space before or no space after the dash.
3.1) Do not apply rule 3 when there is no space before or no space after the hyphen.
Example:
@@ -195,13 +195,13 @@ Example:
## Type hints and annotations { #type-hints-and-annotations }
»»»
Translate with (German) use a short dash:
Translate with (German) notice the hyphen:
«««
## Typhinweise und -annotationen { #type-hints-and-annotations }
»»»
Do NOT translate with (German):
Do NOT translate with (German) notice the dash:
«««
## Typhinweise und annotationen { #type-hints-and-annotations }
@@ -222,7 +222,7 @@ Ich versuche nicht, alles einzudeutschen. Das bezieht sich besonders auf Begriff
### List of English terms and their preferred German translations
Below is a list of English terms and their preferred German translations, separated by a colon («:»). Use these translations, do not use your own. If an existing translation does not use these terms, update it to use them. A term or a translation may be followed by an explanation in brackets, which explains when to translate the term this way. If a translation is preceded by «NOT», then that means: do NOT use this translation for this term. English nouns, starting with the word «the», have the German genus «der», «die», «das» prepended to their German translation, to help you to grammatically decline them in the translation. They are given in singular case, unless they have «(plural)» attached, which means they are given in plural case. Verbs are given in the full infinitive starting with the word «to».
Below is a list of English terms and their preferred German translations, separated by a colon («:»). Use these translations, do not use your own. If an existing translation does not use these terms, update it to use them. In the below list, a term or a translation may be followed by an explanation in brackets, which explains when to translate the term this way. If a translation is preceded by «NOT», then that means: do NOT use this translation for this term. English nouns, starting with the word «the», have the German genus «der», «die», «das» prepended to their German translation, to help you to grammatically decline them in the translation. They are given in singular case, unless they have «(plural)» attached, which means they are given in plural case. Verbs are given in the full infinitive starting with the word «to».
* «/// check»: «/// check | Testen»
* «/// danger»: «/// danger | Gefahr»

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@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ async with lifespan(app):
/// info
👆 💪 ✍ 🌅 🔃 👫 🎉 🐕‍🦺 <a href="https://www.starlette.io/events/" class="external-link" target="_blank">💃 🎉' 🩺</a>.
👆 💪 ✍ 🌅 🔃 👫 🎉 🐕‍🦺 <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/events/" class="external-link" target="_blank">💃 🎉' 🩺</a>.
///

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@@ -92,4 +92,4 @@ app.add_middleware(UnicornMiddleware, some_config="rainbow")
* <a href="https://github.com/encode/uvicorn/blob/master/uvicorn/middleware/proxy_headers.py" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn `ProxyHeadersMiddleware`</a>
* <a href="https://github.com/florimondmanca/msgpack-asgi" class="external-link" target="_blank">🇸🇲</a>
👀 🎏 💪 🛠️ ✅ <a href="https://www.starlette.io/middleware/" class="external-link" target="_blank">💃 🛠️ 🩺</a> &amp; <a href="https://github.com/florimondmanca/awesome-asgi" class="external-link" target="_blank">🔫 👌 📇</a>.
👀 🎏 💪 🛠️ ✅ <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/middleware/" class="external-link" target="_blank">💃 🛠️ 🩺</a> &amp; <a href="https://github.com/florimondmanca/awesome-asgi" class="external-link" target="_blank">🔫 👌 📇</a>.

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@@ -48,4 +48,4 @@
///
👀 🌐 💪 🔢 &amp; 🎛, ✅ <a href="https://www.starlette.io/responses/#set-cookie" class="external-link" target="_blank">🧾 💃</a>.
👀 🌐 💪 🔢 &amp; 🎛, ✅ <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/responses/#set-cookie" class="external-link" target="_blank">🧾 💃</a>.

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@@ -38,4 +38,4 @@
✔️ 🤯 👈 🛃 © 🎚 💪 🚮 <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers" class="external-link" target="_blank">⚙️ '✖-' 🔡</a>.
✋️ 🚥 👆 ✔️ 🛃 🎚 👈 👆 💚 👩‍💻 🖥 💪 👀, 👆 💪 🚮 👫 👆 ⚜ 📳 (✍ 🌅 [⚜ (✖️-🇨🇳 🤝)](../tutorial/cors.md){.internal-link target=_blank}), ⚙️ 🔢 `expose_headers` 📄 <a href="https://www.starlette.io/middleware/#corsmiddleware" class="external-link" target="_blank">💃 ⚜ 🩺</a>.
✋️ 🚥 👆 ✔️ 🛃 🎚 👈 👆 💚 👩‍💻 🖥 💪 👀, 👆 💪 🚮 👫 👆 ⚜ 📳 (✍ 🌅 [⚜ (✖️-🇨🇳 🤝)](../tutorial/cors.md){.internal-link target=_blank}), ⚙️ 🔢 `expose_headers` 📄 <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/middleware/#corsmiddleware" class="external-link" target="_blank">💃 ⚜ 🩺</a>.

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@@ -81,4 +81,4 @@ $ pip install jinja2
## 🌅
🌅 , 🔌 ❔ 💯 📄, ✅ <a href="https://www.starlette.io/templates/" class="external-link" target="_blank">💃 🩺 🔛 📄</a>.
🌅 , 🔌 ❔ 💯 📄, ✅ <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/templates/" class="external-link" target="_blank">💃 🩺 🔛 📄</a>.

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@@ -8,6 +8,6 @@
/// note
🌅 , ✅ 💃 🧾 <a href="https://www.starlette.io/testclient/#testing-websocket-sessions" class="external-link" target="_blank">🔬 *️⃣ </a>.
🌅 , ✅ 💃 🧾 <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/testclient/#testing-websocket-sessions" class="external-link" target="_blank">🔬 *️⃣ </a>.
///

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@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
## 🔃 `Request` 🎚
**FastAPI** 🤙 **💃** 🔘, ⏮️ 🧽 📚 🧰 🔛 🔝, 👆 💪 ⚙️ 💃 <a href="https://www.starlette.io/requests/" class="external-link" target="_blank">`Request`</a> 🎚 🔗 🕐❔ 👆 💪.
**FastAPI** 🤙 **💃** 🔘, ⏮️ 🧽 📚 🧰 🔛 🔝, 👆 💪 ⚙️ 💃 <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/requests/" class="external-link" target="_blank">`Request`</a> 🎚 🔗 🕐❔ 👆 💪.
⚫️ 🔜 ⛓ 👈 🚥 👆 🤚 📊 ⚪️➡️ `Request` 🎚 🔗 (🖼, ✍ 💪) ⚫️ 🏆 🚫 ✔, 🗜 ⚖️ 📄 (⏮️ 🗄, 🏧 🛠️ 👩‍💻 🔢) FastAPI.
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@
## `Request` 🧾
👆 💪 ✍ 🌅 🔃 <a href="https://www.starlette.io/requests/" class="external-link" target="_blank">`Request` 🎚 🛂 💃 🧾 🕸</a>.
👆 💪 ✍ 🌅 🔃 <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/requests/" class="external-link" target="_blank">`Request` 🎚 🛂 💃 🧾 🕸</a>.
/// note | 📡

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@@ -182,5 +182,5 @@ Client #1596980209979 left the chat
💡 🌅 🔃 🎛, ✅ 💃 🧾:
* <a href="https://www.starlette.io/websockets/" class="external-link" target="_blank"> `WebSocket` 🎓</a>.
* <a href="https://www.starlette.io/endpoints/#websocketendpoint" class="external-link" target="_blank">🎓-⚓️ *️⃣ 🚚</a>.
* <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/websockets/" class="external-link" target="_blank"> `WebSocket` 🎓</a>.
* <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/endpoints/#websocketendpoint" class="external-link" target="_blank">🎓-⚓️ *️⃣ 🚚</a>.

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@@ -417,7 +417,7 @@ Pydantic 🗃 🔬 💽 🔬, 🛠️ &amp; 🧾 (⚙️ 🎻 🔗) ⚓️ 🔛
///
### <a href="https://www.starlette.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">💃</a>
### <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/" class="external-link" target="_blank">💃</a>
💃 💿 <abbr title="The new standard for building asynchronous Python web">🔫</abbr> 🛠️/🧰, ❔ 💯 🏗 ↕-🎭 ✳ 🐕‍🦺.
@@ -462,7 +462,7 @@ Pydantic 🗃 🔬 💽 🔬, 🛠️ &amp; 🧾 (⚙️ 🎻 🔗) ⚓️ 🔛
///
### <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a>
### <a href="https://www.uvicorn.dev/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a>
Uvicorn 🌩-⏩ 🔫 💽, 🏗 🔛 uvloop &amp; httptool.

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@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
📤 3⃣ 👑 🎛:
* <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a>: ↕ 🎭 🔫 💽.
* <a href="https://www.uvicorn.dev/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a>: ↕ 🎭 🔫 💽.
* <a href="https://hypercorn.readthedocs.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hypercorn</a>: 🔫 💽 🔗 ⏮️ 🇺🇸🔍/2⃣ &amp; 🎻 👪 🎏 ⚒.
* <a href="https://github.com/django/daphne" class="external-link" target="_blank">👸</a>: 🔫 💽 🏗 ✳ 📻.
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
//// tab | Uvicorn
* <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a>, 🌩-⏩ 🔫 💽, 🏗 🔛 uvloop &amp; httptool.
* <a href="https://www.uvicorn.dev/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a>, 🌩-⏩ 🔫 💽, 🏗 🔛 uvloop &amp; httptool.
<div class="termy">

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@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ FastAPI 🔌 📶 ⏩ ⚙️, ✋️ 📶 🏋️ <abbr title='also known as "co
## 💃 ⚒
**FastAPI** 🍕 🔗 ⏮️ (&amp; ⚓️ 🔛) <a href="https://www.starlette.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank"><strong>💃</strong></a>. , 🙆 🌖 💃 📟 👆 ✔️, 🔜 👷.
**FastAPI** 🍕 🔗 ⏮️ (&amp; ⚓️ 🔛) <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/" class="external-link" target="_blank"><strong>💃</strong></a>. , 🙆 🌖 💃 📟 👆 ✔️, 🔜 👷.
`FastAPI` 🤙 🎧-🎓 `Starlette`. , 🚥 👆 ⏪ 💭 ⚖️ ⚙️ 💃, 🌅 🛠️ 🔜 👷 🎏 🌌.

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@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@
⤴️ 👤 📉 ⚫️, ⚒ ⚫️ 🍕 🛠️ ⏮️ 🎻 🔗, 🐕‍🦺 🎏 🌌 🔬 ⚛ 📄, &amp; 📉 👨‍🎨 🐕‍🦺 (🆎 ✅, ✍) ⚓️ 🔛 💯 📚 👨‍🎨.
⏮️ 🛠️, 👤 📉 <a href="https://www.starlette.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">**💃**</a>, 🎏 🔑 📄.
⏮️ 🛠️, 👤 📉 <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/" class="external-link" target="_blank">**💃**</a>, 🎏 🔑 📄.
## 🛠️

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@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@
&amp; 👈 2⃣ 👜, `scope` &amp; `receive`, ⚫️❔ 💪 ✍ 🆕 `Request` 👐.
💡 🌅 🔃 `Request` ✅ <a href="https://www.starlette.io/requests/" class="external-link" target="_blank">💃 🩺 🔃 📨</a>.
💡 🌅 🔃 `Request` ✅ <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/requests/" class="external-link" target="_blank">💃 🩺 🔃 📨</a>.
///

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@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ FastAPI 🏛, ⏩ (↕-🎭), 🕸 🛠️ 🏗 🛠️ ⏮️ 🐍 3⃣.8
FastAPI 🧍 🔛 ⌚ 🐘:
* <a href="https://www.starlette.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">💃</a> 🕸 🍕.
* <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/" class="external-link" target="_blank">💃</a> 🕸 🍕.
* <a href="https://docs.pydantic.dev/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Pydantic</a> 📊 🍕.
## 👷‍♂
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ $ pip install "fastapi[standard]"
</div>
👆 🔜 💪 🔫 💽, 🏭 ✅ <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a> ⚖️ <a href="https://github.com/pgjones/hypercorn" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hypercorn</a>.
👆 🔜 💪 🔫 💽, 🏭 ✅ <a href="https://www.uvicorn.dev" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a> ⚖️ <a href="https://github.com/pgjones/hypercorn" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hypercorn</a>.
<div class="termy">
@@ -463,7 +463,7 @@ item: Item
⚙️ FastAPI / 💃:
* <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org" target="_blank"><code>uvicorn</code></a> - 💽 👈 📐 &amp; 🍦 👆 🈸.
* <a href="https://www.uvicorn.dev" target="_blank"><code>uvicorn</code></a> - 💽 👈 📐 &amp; 🍦 👆 🈸.
* <a href="https://github.com/ijl/orjson" target="_blank"><code>orjson</code></a> - ✔ 🚥 👆 💚 ⚙️ `ORJSONResponse`.
* <a href="https://github.com/esnme/ultrajson" target="_blank"><code>ujson</code></a> - ✔ 🚥 👆 💚 ⚙️ `UJSONResponse`.

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@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@
## 📡
🎓 `BackgroundTasks` 👟 🔗 ⚪️➡️ <a href="https://www.starlette.io/background/" class="external-link" target="_blank">`starlette.background`</a>.
🎓 `BackgroundTasks` 👟 🔗 ⚪️➡️ <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/background/" class="external-link" target="_blank">`starlette.background`</a>.
⚫️ 🗄/🔌 🔗 🔘 FastAPI 👈 👆 💪 🗄 ⚫️ ⚪️➡️ `fastapi` &amp; ❎ 😫 🗄 🎛 `BackgroundTask` (🍵 `s` 🔚) ⚪️➡️ `starlette.background`.
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@
⚫️ 💪 ⚙️ `BackgroundTask` 😞 FastAPI, ✋️ 👆 ✔️ ✍ 🎚 👆 📟 &amp; 📨 💃 `Response` 🔌 ⚫️.
👆 💪 👀 🌖 <a href="https://www.starlette.io/background/" class="external-link" target="_blank">💃 🛂 🩺 🖥 📋</a>.
👆 💪 👀 🌖 <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/background/" class="external-link" target="_blank">💃 🛂 🩺 🖥 📋</a>.
## ⚠

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@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ INFO: Uvicorn running on http://127.0.0.1:8000 (Press CTRL+C to quit)
`FastAPI` 🎓 👈 😖 🔗 ⚪️➡️ `Starlette`.
👆 💪 ⚙️ 🌐 <a href="https://www.starlette.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">💃</a> 🛠️ ⏮️ `FastAPI` 💁‍♂️.
👆 💪 ⚙️ 🌐 <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/" class="external-link" target="_blank">💃</a> 🛠️ ⏮️ `FastAPI` 💁‍♂️.
///

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@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@
## ❎ 🛃 ⚠ 🐕‍🦺
👆 💪 🚮 🛃 ⚠ 🐕‍🦺 ⏮️ <a href="https://www.starlette.io/exceptions/" class="external-link" target="_blank">🎏 ⚠ 🚙 ⚪️➡️ 💃</a>.
👆 💪 🚮 🛃 ⚠ 🐕‍🦺 ⏮️ <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/exceptions/" class="external-link" target="_blank">🎏 ⚠ 🚙 ⚪️➡️ 💃</a>.
➡️ 💬 👆 ✔️ 🛃 ⚠ `UnicornException` 👈 👆 (⚖️ 🗃 👆 ⚙️) 💪 `raise`.

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@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@
✔️ 🤯 👈 🛃 © 🎚 💪 🚮 <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers" class="external-link" target="_blank">⚙️ '✖-' 🔡</a>.
✋️ 🚥 👆 ✔️ 🛃 🎚 👈 👆 💚 👩‍💻 🖥 💪 👀, 👆 💪 🚮 👫 👆 ⚜ 📳 ([⚜ (✖️-🇨🇳 🤝)](cors.md){.internal-link target=_blank}) ⚙️ 🔢 `expose_headers` 📄 <a href="https://www.starlette.io/middleware/#corsmiddleware" class="external-link" target="_blank">💃 ⚜ 🩺</a>.
✋️ 🚥 👆 ✔️ 🛃 🎚 👈 👆 💚 👩‍💻 🖥 💪 👀, 👆 💪 🚮 👫 👆 ⚜ 📳 ([⚜ (✖️-🇨🇳 🤝)](cors.md){.internal-link target=_blank}) ⚙️ 🔢 `expose_headers` 📄 <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/middleware/#corsmiddleware" class="external-link" target="_blank">💃 ⚜ 🩺</a>.
///

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@@ -37,4 +37,4 @@
## 🌅
🌖 &amp; 🎛 ✅ <a href="https://www.starlette.io/staticfiles/" class="external-link" target="_blank">💃 🩺 🔃 🎻 📁</a>.
🌖 &amp; 🎛 ✅ <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/staticfiles/" class="external-link" target="_blank">💃 🩺 🔃 🎻 📁</a>.

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@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
# 🔬
👏 <a href="https://www.starlette.io/testclient/" class="external-link" target="_blank">💃</a>, 🔬 **FastAPI** 🈸 ⏩ &amp; 😌.
👏 <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/testclient/" class="external-link" target="_blank">💃</a>, 🔬 **FastAPI** 🈸 ⏩ &amp; 😌.
⚫️ ⚓️ 🔛 <a href="https://www.python-httpx.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">🇸🇲</a>, ❔ 🔄 🏗 ⚓️ 🔛 📨, ⚫️ 📶 😰 &amp; 🏋️.

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@@ -26,6 +26,9 @@ gold:
- url: https://docs.railway.com/guides/fastapi?utm_medium=integration&utm_source=docs&utm_campaign=fastapi
title: Deploy enterprise applications at startup speed
img: https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/sponsors/railway.png
- url: https://serpapi.com/?utm_source=fastapi_website
title: "SerpApi: Web Search API"
img: https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/sponsors/serpapi.png
silver:
- url: https://databento.com/?utm_source=fastapi&utm_medium=sponsor&utm_content=display
title: Pay as you go for market data
@@ -58,3 +61,6 @@ bronze:
- url: https://lambdatest.com/?utm_source=fastapi&utm_medium=partner&utm_campaign=sponsor&utm_term=opensource&utm_content=webpage
title: LambdaTest, AI-Powered Cloud-based Test Orchestration Platform
img: https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/sponsors/lambdatest.png
- url: https://requestly.com/fastapi
title: All-in-one platform to Test, Mock and Intercept APIs. Built for speed, privacy and offline support.
img: https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/sponsors/requestly.png

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@@ -46,3 +46,4 @@ logins:
- madisonredtfeldt
- railwayapp
- subtotal
- requestly

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@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ Underneath, in the ASGI technical specification, this is part of the <a href="ht
/// info
You can read more about the Starlette `lifespan` handlers in <a href="https://www.starlette.io/lifespan/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette's Lifespan' docs</a>.
You can read more about the Starlette `lifespan` handlers in <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/lifespan/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette's Lifespan' docs</a>.
Including how to handle lifespan state that can be used in other areas of your code.

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@@ -94,4 +94,4 @@ For example:
* <a href="https://github.com/encode/uvicorn/blob/master/uvicorn/middleware/proxy_headers.py" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn's `ProxyHeadersMiddleware`</a>
* <a href="https://github.com/florimondmanca/msgpack-asgi" class="external-link" target="_blank">MessagePack</a>
To see other available middlewares check <a href="https://www.starlette.io/middleware/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette's Middleware docs</a> and the <a href="https://github.com/florimondmanca/awesome-asgi" class="external-link" target="_blank">ASGI Awesome List</a>.
To see other available middlewares check <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/middleware/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette's Middleware docs</a> and the <a href="https://github.com/florimondmanca/awesome-asgi" class="external-link" target="_blank">ASGI Awesome List</a>.

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@@ -48,4 +48,4 @@ And as the `Response` can be used frequently to set headers and cookies, **FastA
///
To see all the available parameters and options, check the <a href="https://www.starlette.io/responses/#set-cookie" class="external-link" target="_blank">documentation in Starlette</a>.
To see all the available parameters and options, check the <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/responses/#set-cookie" class="external-link" target="_blank">documentation in Starlette</a>.

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@@ -38,4 +38,4 @@ And as the `Response` can be used frequently to set headers and cookies, **FastA
Keep in mind that custom proprietary headers can be added <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers" class="external-link" target="_blank">using the `X-` prefix</a>.
But if you have custom headers that you want a client in a browser to be able to see, you need to add them to your CORS configurations (read more in [CORS (Cross-Origin Resource Sharing)](../tutorial/cors.md){.internal-link target=_blank}), using the parameter `expose_headers` documented in <a href="https://www.starlette.io/middleware/#corsmiddleware" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette's CORS docs</a>.
But if you have custom headers that you want a client in a browser to be able to see, you need to add them to your CORS configurations (read more in [CORS (Cross-Origin Resource Sharing)](../tutorial/cors.md){.internal-link target=_blank}), using the parameter `expose_headers` documented in <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/middleware/#corsmiddleware" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette's CORS docs</a>.

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@@ -123,4 +123,4 @@ And because you are using `StaticFiles`, that CSS file would be served automatic
## More details { #more-details }
For more details, including how to test templates, check <a href="https://www.starlette.io/templates/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette's docs on templates</a>.
For more details, including how to test templates, check <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/templates/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette's docs on templates</a>.

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@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ When you need `lifespan` to run in your tests, you can use the `TestClient` with
{* ../../docs_src/app_testing/tutorial004.py hl[9:15,18,27:28,30:32,41:43] *}
You can read more details about the ["Running lifespan in tests in the official Starlette documentation site."](https://www.starlette.io/lifespan/#running-lifespan-in-tests)
You can read more details about the ["Running lifespan in tests in the official Starlette documentation site."](https://www.starlette.dev/lifespan/#running-lifespan-in-tests)
For the deprecated `startup` and `shutdown` events, you can use the `TestClient` as follows:

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@@ -8,6 +8,6 @@ For this, you use the `TestClient` in a `with` statement, connecting to the WebS
/// note
For more details, check Starlette's documentation for <a href="https://www.starlette.io/testclient/#testing-websocket-sessions" class="external-link" target="_blank">testing WebSockets</a>.
For more details, check Starlette's documentation for <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/testclient/#testing-websocket-sessions" class="external-link" target="_blank">testing WebSockets</a>.
///

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@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ But there are situations where you might need to access the `Request` object dir
## Details about the `Request` object { #details-about-the-request-object }
As **FastAPI** is actually **Starlette** underneath, with a layer of several tools on top, you can use Starlette's <a href="https://www.starlette.io/requests/" class="external-link" target="_blank">`Request`</a> object directly when you need to.
As **FastAPI** is actually **Starlette** underneath, with a layer of several tools on top, you can use Starlette's <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/requests/" class="external-link" target="_blank">`Request`</a> object directly when you need to.
It would also mean that if you get data from the `Request` object directly (for example, read the body) it won't be validated, converted or documented (with OpenAPI, for the automatic API user interface) by FastAPI.
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ The same way, you can declare any other parameter as normally, and additionally,
## `Request` documentation { #request-documentation }
You can read more details about the <a href="https://www.starlette.io/requests/" class="external-link" target="_blank">`Request` object in the official Starlette documentation site</a>.
You can read more details about the <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/requests/" class="external-link" target="_blank">`Request` object in the official Starlette documentation site</a>.
/// note | Technical Details

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@@ -182,5 +182,5 @@ If you need something easy to integrate with FastAPI but that is more robust, su
To learn more about the options, check Starlette's documentation for:
* <a href="https://www.starlette.io/websockets/" class="external-link" target="_blank">The `WebSocket` class</a>.
* <a href="https://www.starlette.io/endpoints/#websocketendpoint" class="external-link" target="_blank">Class-based WebSocket handling</a>.
* <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/websockets/" class="external-link" target="_blank">The `WebSocket` class</a>.
* <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/endpoints/#websocketendpoint" class="external-link" target="_blank">Class-based WebSocket handling</a>.

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@@ -417,7 +417,7 @@ Handle all the data validation, data serialization and automatic model documenta
///
### <a href="https://www.starlette.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette</a> { #starlette }
### <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette</a> { #starlette }
Starlette is a lightweight <abbr title="The new standard for building asynchronous Python web applications">ASGI</abbr> framework/toolkit, which is ideal for building high-performance asyncio services.
@@ -462,7 +462,7 @@ So, anything that you can do with Starlette, you can do it directly with **FastA
///
### <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a> { #uvicorn }
### <a href="https://www.uvicorn.dev/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a> { #uvicorn }
Uvicorn is a lightning-fast ASGI server, built on uvloop and httptools.

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@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ The main thing you need to run a **FastAPI** application (or any other ASGI appl
There are several alternatives, including:
* <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a>: a high performance ASGI server.
* <a href="https://www.uvicorn.dev/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a>: a high performance ASGI server.
* <a href="https://hypercorn.readthedocs.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hypercorn</a>: an ASGI server compatible with HTTP/2 and Trio among other features.
* <a href="https://github.com/django/daphne" class="external-link" target="_blank">Daphne</a>: the ASGI server built for Django Channels.
* <a href="https://github.com/emmett-framework/granian" class="external-link" target="_blank">Granian</a>: A Rust HTTP server for Python applications.

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@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ FastAPI CLI takes the path to your Python program (e.g. `main.py`) and automatic
For production you would use `fastapi run` instead. 🚀
Internally, **FastAPI CLI** uses <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a>, a high-performance, production-ready, ASGI server. 😎
Internally, **FastAPI CLI** uses <a href="https://www.uvicorn.dev" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a>, a high-performance, production-ready, ASGI server. 😎
## `fastapi dev` { #fastapi-dev }

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@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ Any integration is designed to be so simple to use (with dependencies) that you
## Starlette features { #starlette-features }
**FastAPI** is fully compatible with (and based on) <a href="https://www.starlette.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank"><strong>Starlette</strong></a>. So, any additional Starlette code you have, will also work.
**FastAPI** is fully compatible with (and based on) <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/" class="external-link" target="_blank"><strong>Starlette</strong></a>. So, any additional Starlette code you have, will also work.
`FastAPI` is actually a sub-class of `Starlette`. So, if you already know or use Starlette, most of the functionality will work the same way.

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@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ After testing several alternatives, I decided that I was going to use <a href="h
Then I contributed to it, to make it fully compliant with JSON Schema, to support different ways to define constraint declarations, and to improve editor support (type checks, autocompletion) based on the tests in several editors.
During the development, I also contributed to <a href="https://www.starlette.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">**Starlette**</a>, the other key requirement.
During the development, I also contributed to <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/" class="external-link" target="_blank">**Starlette**</a>, the other key requirement.
## Development { #development }

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@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ The `scope` `dict` and `receive` function are both part of the ASGI specificatio
And those two things, `scope` and `receive`, are what is needed to create a new `Request` instance.
To learn more about the `Request` check <a href="https://www.starlette.io/requests/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette's docs about Requests</a>.
To learn more about the `Request` check <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/requests/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette's docs about Requests</a>.
///

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@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
# Migrate from Pydantic v1 to Pydantic v2 { #migrate-from-pydantic-v1-to-pydantic-v2 }
If you have an old FastAPI app, you might be using Pydantic version 1.
FastAPI has had support for either Pydantic v1 or v2 since version 0.100.0.
If you had installed Pydantic v2, it would use it. If instead you had Pydantic v1, it would use that.
Pydantic v1 is now deprecated and support for it will be removed in the next versions of FastAPI, you should **migrate to Pydantic v2**. This way you will get the latest features, improvements, and fixes.
/// warning
Also, the Pydantic team stopped support for Pydantic v1 for the latest versions of Python, starting with **Python 3.14**.
If you want to use the latest features of Python, you will need to make sure you use Pydantic v2.
///
If you have an old FastAPI app with Pydantic v1, here I'll show you how to migrate it to Pydantic v2, and the **new features in FastAPI 0.119.0** to help you with a gradual migration.
## Official Guide { #official-guide }
Pydantic has an official <a href="https://docs.pydantic.dev/latest/migration/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Migration Guide</a> from v1 to v2.
It also includes what has changed, how validations are now more correct and strict, possible caveats, etc.
You can read it to understand better what has changed.
## Tests { #tests }
Make sure you have [tests](../tutorial/testing.md){.internal-link target=_blank} for your app and you run them on continuous integration (CI).
This way, you can do the upgrade and make sure everything is still working as expected.
## `bump-pydantic` { #bump-pydantic }
In many cases, when you use regular Pydantic models without customizations, you will be able to automate most of the process of migrating from Pydantic v1 to Pydantic v2.
You can use <a href="https://github.com/pydantic/bump-pydantic" class="external-link" target="_blank">`bump-pydantic`</a> from the same Pydantic team.
This tool will help you to automatically change most of the code that needs to be changed.
After this, you can run the tests and check if everything works. If it does, you are done. 😎
## Pydantic v1 in v2 { #pydantic-v1-in-v2 }
Pydantic v2 includes everything from Pydantic v1 as a submodule `pydantic.v1`.
This means that you can install the latest version of Pydantic v2 and import and use the old Pydantic v1 components from this submodule, as if you had the old Pydantic v1 installed.
{* ../../docs_src/pydantic_v1_in_v2/tutorial001_an_py310.py hl[1,4] *}
### FastAPI support for Pydantic v1 in v2 { #fastapi-support-for-pydantic-v1-in-v2 }
Since FastAPI 0.119.0, there's also partial support for Pydantic v1 from inside of Pydantic v2, to facilitate the migration to v2.
So, you could upgrade Pydantic to the latest version 2, and change the imports to use the `pydantic.v1` submodule, and in many cases it would just work.
{* ../../docs_src/pydantic_v1_in_v2/tutorial002_an_py310.py hl[2,5,15] *}
/// warning
Have in mind that as the Pydantic team no longer supports Pydantic v1 in recent versions of Python, starting from Python 3.14, using `pydantic.v1` is also not supported in Python 3.14 and above.
///
### Pydantic v1 and v2 on the same app { #pydantic-v1-and-v2-on-the-same-app }
It's **not supported** by Pydantic to have a model of Pydantic v2 with its own fields defined as Pydantic v1 models or vice versa.
```mermaid
graph TB
subgraph "❌ Not Supported"
direction TB
subgraph V2["Pydantic v2 Model"]
V1Field["Pydantic v1 Model"]
end
subgraph V1["Pydantic v1 Model"]
V2Field["Pydantic v2 Model"]
end
end
style V2 fill:#f9fff3
style V1 fill:#fff6f0
style V1Field fill:#fff6f0
style V2Field fill:#f9fff3
```
...but, you can have separated models using Pydantic v1 and v2 in the same app.
```mermaid
graph TB
subgraph "✅ Supported"
direction TB
subgraph V2["Pydantic v2 Model"]
V2Field["Pydantic v2 Model"]
end
subgraph V1["Pydantic v1 Model"]
V1Field["Pydantic v1 Model"]
end
end
style V2 fill:#f9fff3
style V1 fill:#fff6f0
style V1Field fill:#fff6f0
style V2Field fill:#f9fff3
```
In some cases, it's even possible to have both Pydantic v1 and v2 models in the same **path operation** in your FastAPI app:
{* ../../docs_src/pydantic_v1_in_v2/tutorial003_an_py310.py hl[2:3,6,12,21:22] *}
In this example above, the input model is a Pydantic v1 model, and the output model (defined in `response_model=ItemV2`) is a Pydantic v2 model.
### Pydantic v1 parameters { #pydantic-v1-parameters }
If you need to use some of the FastAPI-specific tools for parameters like `Body`, `Query`, `Form`, etc. with Pydantic v1 models, you can import them from `fastapi.temp_pydantic_v1_params` while you finish the migration to Pydantic v2:
{* ../../docs_src/pydantic_v1_in_v2/tutorial004_an_py310.py hl[4,18] *}
### Migrate in steps { #migrate-in-steps }
/// tip
First try with `bump-pydantic`, if your tests pass and that works, then you're done in one command. ✨
///
If `bump-pydantic` doesn't work for your use case, you can use the support for both Pydantic v1 and v2 models in the same app to do the migration to Pydantic v2 gradually.
You could fist upgrade Pydantic to use the latest version 2, and change the imports to use `pydantic.v1` for all your models.
Then, you can start migrating your models from Pydantic v1 to v2 in groups, in gradual steps. 🚶

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@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ If you are building a <abbr title="Command Line Interface">CLI</abbr> app to be
FastAPI stands on the shoulders of giants:
* <a href="https://www.starlette.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette</a> for the web parts.
* <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette</a> for the web parts.
* <a href="https://docs.pydantic.dev/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Pydantic</a> for the data parts.
## Installation { #installation }
@@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ INFO: Application startup complete.
<details markdown="1">
<summary>About the command <code>fastapi dev main.py</code>...</summary>
The command `fastapi dev` reads your `main.py` file, detects the **FastAPI** app in it, and starts a server using <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a>.
The command `fastapi dev` reads your `main.py` file, detects the **FastAPI** app in it, and starts a server using <a href="https://www.uvicorn.dev" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a>.
By default, `fastapi dev` will start with auto-reload enabled for local development.
@@ -470,7 +470,7 @@ Used by Starlette:
Used by FastAPI:
* <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org" target="_blank"><code>uvicorn</code></a> - for the server that loads and serves your application. This includes `uvicorn[standard]`, which includes some dependencies (e.g. `uvloop`) needed for high performance serving.
* <a href="https://www.uvicorn.dev" target="_blank"><code>uvicorn</code></a> - for the server that loads and serves your application. This includes `uvicorn[standard]`, which includes some dependencies (e.g. `uvloop`) needed for high performance serving.
* `fastapi-cli[standard]` - to provide the `fastapi` command.
* This includes `fastapi-cloud-cli`, which allows you to deploy your FastAPI application to <a href="https://fastapicloud.com" class="external-link" target="_blank">FastAPI Cloud</a>.

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@@ -7,6 +7,110 @@ hide:
## Latest Changes
## 0.120.2
### Fixes
* 🐛 Fix separation of schemas with nested models introduced in 0.119.0. PR [#14246](https://github.com/fastapi/fastapi/pull/14246) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
### Internal
* 🔧 Add sponsor: SerpApi. PR [#14248](https://github.com/fastapi/fastapi/pull/14248) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
* ⬆ Bump actions/download-artifact from 5 to 6. PR [#14236](https://github.com/fastapi/fastapi/pull/14236) by [@dependabot[bot]](https://github.com/apps/dependabot).
* ⬆ [pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate. PR [#14237](https://github.com/fastapi/fastapi/pull/14237) by [@pre-commit-ci[bot]](https://github.com/apps/pre-commit-ci).
* ⬆ Bump actions/upload-artifact from 4 to 5. PR [#14235](https://github.com/fastapi/fastapi/pull/14235) by [@dependabot[bot]](https://github.com/apps/dependabot).
## 0.120.1
### Upgrades
* ⬆️ Bump Starlette to <`0.50.0`. PR [#14234](https://github.com/fastapi/fastapi/pull/14234) by [@YuriiMotov](https://github.com/YuriiMotov).
### Internal
* 🔧 Add `license` and `license-files` to `pyproject.toml`, remove `License` from `classifiers`. PR [#14230](https://github.com/fastapi/fastapi/pull/14230) by [@YuriiMotov](https://github.com/YuriiMotov).
## 0.120.0
There are no major nor breaking changes in this release. ☕️
The internal reference documentation now uses `annotated_doc.Doc` instead of `typing_extensions.Doc`, this adds a new (very small) dependency on [`annotated-doc`](https://github.com/fastapi/annotated-doc), a package made just to provide that `Doc` documentation utility class.
I would expect `typing_extensions.Doc` to be deprecated and then removed at some point from `typing_extensions`, for that reason there's the new `annotated-doc` micro-package. If you are curious about this, you can read more in the repo for [`annotated-doc`](https://github.com/fastapi/annotated-doc).
This new version `0.120.0` only contains that transition to the new home package for that utility class `Doc`.
### Translations
* 🌐 Sync German docs. PR [#14188](https://github.com/fastapi/fastapi/pull/14188) by [@nilslindemann](https://github.com/nilslindemann).
### Internal
* Migrate internal reference documentation from `typing_extensions.Doc` to `annotated_doc.Doc`. PR [#14222](https://github.com/fastapi/fastapi/pull/14222) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
* 🛠️ Update German LLM prompt and test file. PR [#14189](https://github.com/fastapi/fastapi/pull/14189) by [@nilslindemann](https://github.com/nilslindemann).
* ⬆ [pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate. PR [#14181](https://github.com/fastapi/fastapi/pull/14181) by [@pre-commit-ci[bot]](https://github.com/apps/pre-commit-ci).
## 0.119.1
### Fixes
* 🐛 Fix internal Pydantic v1 compatibility (warnings) for Python 3.14 and Pydantic 2.12.1. PR [#14186](https://github.com/fastapi/fastapi/pull/14186) by [@svlandeg](https://github.com/svlandeg).
### Docs
* 📝 Replace `starlette.io` by `starlette.dev` and `uvicorn.org` by `uvicorn.dev`. PR [#14176](https://github.com/fastapi/fastapi/pull/14176) by [@Kludex](https://github.com/Kludex).
### Internal
* 🔧 Add sponsor Requestly. PR [#14205](https://github.com/fastapi/fastapi/pull/14205) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
* 🔧 Configure reminder for `waiting` label in `issue-manager`. PR [#14156](https://github.com/fastapi/fastapi/pull/14156) by [@YuriiMotov](https://github.com/YuriiMotov).
## 0.119.0
FastAPI now (temporarily) supports both Pydantic v2 models and `pydantic.v1` models at the same time in the same app, to make it easier for any FastAPI apps still using Pydantic v1 to gradually but quickly **migrate to Pydantic v2**.
```Python
from fastapi import FastAPI
from pydantic import BaseModel as BaseModelV2
from pydantic.v1 import BaseModel
class Item(BaseModel):
name: str
description: str | None = None
class ItemV2(BaseModelV2):
title: str
summary: str | None = None
app = FastAPI()
@app.post("/items/", response_model=ItemV2)
def create_item(item: Item):
return {"title": item.name, "summary": item.description}
```
Adding this feature was a big effort with the main objective of making it easier for the few applications still stuck in Pydantic v1 to migrate to Pydantic v2.
And with this, support for **Pydantic v1 is now deprecated** and will be **removed** from FastAPI in a future version soon.
**Note**: have in mind that the Pydantic team already stopped supporting Pydantic v1 for recent versions of Python, starting with Python 3.14.
You can read in the docs more about how to [Migrate from Pydantic v1 to Pydantic v2](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/how-to/migrate-from-pydantic-v1-to-pydantic-v2/).
### Features
* ✨ Add support for `from pydantic.v1 import BaseModel`, mixed Pydantic v1 and v2 models in the same app. PR [#14168](https://github.com/fastapi/fastapi/pull/14168) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
## 0.118.3
### Upgrades
* ⬆️ Add support for Python 3.14. PR [#14165](https://github.com/fastapi/fastapi/pull/14165) by [@svlandeg](https://github.com/svlandeg).
## 0.118.2
### Fixes
@@ -5480,7 +5584,7 @@ Note: all the previous parameters are still there, so it's still possible to dec
* Upgrade the compatible version of Starlette to `0.12.0`.
* This includes support for ASGI 3 (the latest version of the standard).
* It's now possible to use [Starlette's `StreamingResponse`](https://www.starlette.io/responses/#streamingresponse) with iterators, like [file-like](https://docs.python.org/3/glossary.html#term-file-like-object) objects (as those returned by `open()`).
* It's now possible to use [Starlette's `StreamingResponse`](https://www.starlette.dev/responses/#streamingresponse) with iterators, like [file-like](https://docs.python.org/3/glossary.html#term-file-like-object) objects (as those returned by `open()`).
* It's now possible to use the low level utility `iterate_in_threadpool` from `starlette.concurrency` (for advanced scenarios).
* PR [#243](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/243).

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@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ And then another background task generated at the *path operation function* will
## Technical Details { #technical-details }
The class `BackgroundTasks` comes directly from <a href="https://www.starlette.io/background/" class="external-link" target="_blank">`starlette.background`</a>.
The class `BackgroundTasks` comes directly from <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/background/" class="external-link" target="_blank">`starlette.background`</a>.
It is imported/included directly into FastAPI so that you can import it from `fastapi` and avoid accidentally importing the alternative `BackgroundTask` (without the `s` at the end) from `starlette.background`.
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ By only using `BackgroundTasks` (and not `BackgroundTask`), it's then possible t
It's still possible to use `BackgroundTask` alone in FastAPI, but you have to create the object in your code and return a Starlette `Response` including it.
You can see more details in <a href="https://www.starlette.io/background/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette's official docs for Background Tasks</a>.
You can see more details in <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/background/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette's official docs for Background Tasks</a>.
## Caveat { #caveat }

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@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ You could also use it to generate code automatically, for clients that communica
`FastAPI` is a class that inherits directly from `Starlette`.
You can use all the <a href="https://www.starlette.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette</a> functionality with `FastAPI` too.
You can use all the <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette</a> functionality with `FastAPI` too.
///

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@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ But in case you needed it for an advanced scenario, you can add custom headers:
## Install custom exception handlers { #install-custom-exception-handlers }
You can add custom exception handlers with <a href="https://www.starlette.io/exceptions/" class="external-link" target="_blank">the same exception utilities from Starlette</a>.
You can add custom exception handlers with <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/exceptions/" class="external-link" target="_blank">the same exception utilities from Starlette</a>.
Let's say you have a custom exception `UnicornException` that you (or a library you use) might `raise`.

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@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ The middleware function receives:
Keep in mind that custom proprietary headers can be added <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers" class="external-link" target="_blank">using the `X-` prefix</a>.
But if you have custom headers that you want a client in a browser to be able to see, you need to add them to your CORS configurations ([CORS (Cross-Origin Resource Sharing)](cors.md){.internal-link target=_blank}) using the parameter `expose_headers` documented in <a href="https://www.starlette.io/middleware/#corsmiddleware" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette's CORS docs</a>.
But if you have custom headers that you want a client in a browser to be able to see, you need to add them to your CORS configurations ([CORS (Cross-Origin Resource Sharing)](cors.md){.internal-link target=_blank}) using the parameter `expose_headers` documented in <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/middleware/#corsmiddleware" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette's CORS docs</a>.
///

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@@ -37,4 +37,4 @@ All these parameters can be different than "`static`", adjust them with the need
## More info { #more-info }
For more details and options check <a href="https://www.starlette.io/staticfiles/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette's docs about Static Files</a>.
For more details and options check <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/staticfiles/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette's docs about Static Files</a>.

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@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
# Testing { #testing }
Thanks to <a href="https://www.starlette.io/testclient/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette</a>, testing **FastAPI** applications is easy and enjoyable.
Thanks to <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/testclient/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette</a>, testing **FastAPI** applications is easy and enjoyable.
It is based on <a href="https://www.python-httpx.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">HTTPX</a>, which in turn is designed based on Requests, so it's very familiar and intuitive.

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@@ -201,6 +201,7 @@ nav:
- How To - Recipes:
- how-to/index.md
- how-to/general.md
- how-to/migrate-from-pydantic-v1-to-pydantic-v2.md
- how-to/graphql.md
- how-to/custom-request-and-route.md
- how-to/conditional-openapi.md

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@@ -80,6 +80,12 @@
<img class="sponsor-image" src="/img/sponsors/railway-banner.png" />
</a>
</div>
<div class="item">
<a title="SerpApi: Web Search API" style="display: block; position: relative;" href="https://serpapi.com/?utm_source=fastapi_website" target="_blank">
<span class="sponsor-badge">sponsor</span>
<img class="sponsor-image" src="/img/sponsors/serpapi-banner.png" />
</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{% endblock %}

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@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ Por debajo, en la especificación técnica ASGI, esto es parte del <a href="http
/// info | Información
Puedes leer más sobre los manejadores `lifespan` de Starlette en <a href="https://www.starlette.io/lifespan/" class="external-link" target="_blank">la documentación de `Lifespan` de Starlette</a>.
Puedes leer más sobre los manejadores `lifespan` de Starlette en <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/lifespan/" class="external-link" target="_blank">la documentación de `Lifespan` de Starlette</a>.
Incluyendo cómo manejar el estado de lifespan que puede ser usado en otras áreas de tu código.

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@@ -93,4 +93,4 @@ Por ejemplo:
* <a href="https://github.com/encode/uvicorn/blob/master/uvicorn/middleware/proxy_headers.py" class="external-link" target="_blank">`ProxyHeadersMiddleware` de Uvicorn</a>
* <a href="https://github.com/florimondmanca/msgpack-asgi" class="external-link" target="_blank">MessagePack</a>
Para ver otros middlewares disponibles, revisa <a href="https://www.starlette.io/middleware/" class="external-link" target="_blank">la documentación de Middleware de Starlette</a> y la <a href="https://github.com/florimondmanca/awesome-asgi" class="external-link" target="_blank">Lista ASGI Awesome</a>.
Para ver otros middlewares disponibles, revisa <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/middleware/" class="external-link" target="_blank">la documentación de Middleware de Starlette</a> y la <a href="https://github.com/florimondmanca/awesome-asgi" class="external-link" target="_blank">Lista ASGI Awesome</a>.

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@@ -48,4 +48,4 @@ Y como el `Response` se puede usar frecuentemente para establecer headers y cook
///
Para ver todos los parámetros y opciones disponibles, revisa la <a href="https://www.starlette.io/responses/#set-cookie" class="external-link" target="_blank">documentación en Starlette</a>.
Para ver todos los parámetros y opciones disponibles, revisa la <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/responses/#set-cookie" class="external-link" target="_blank">documentación en Starlette</a>.

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@@ -38,4 +38,4 @@ Y como el `Response` se puede usar frecuentemente para establecer headers y cook
Ten en cuenta que los headers propietarios personalizados se pueden agregar <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers" class="external-link" target="_blank">usando el prefijo 'X-'</a>.
Pero si tienes headers personalizados que quieres que un cliente en un navegador pueda ver, necesitas agregarlos a tus configuraciones de CORS (leer más en [CORS (Cross-Origin Resource Sharing)](../tutorial/cors.md){.internal-link target=_blank}), usando el parámetro `expose_headers` documentado en <a href="https://www.starlette.io/middleware/#corsmiddleware" class="external-link" target="_blank">la documentación CORS de Starlette</a>.
Pero si tienes headers personalizados que quieres que un cliente en un navegador pueda ver, necesitas agregarlos a tus configuraciones de CORS (leer más en [CORS (Cross-Origin Resource Sharing)](../tutorial/cors.md){.internal-link target=_blank}), usando el parámetro `expose_headers` documentado en <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/middleware/#corsmiddleware" class="external-link" target="_blank">la documentación CORS de Starlette</a>.

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@@ -123,4 +123,4 @@ Y porque estás usando `StaticFiles`, ese archivo CSS sería servido automática
## Más detalles
Para más detalles, incluyendo cómo testear plantillas, revisa <a href="https://www.starlette.io/templates/" class="external-link" target="_blank">la documentación de Starlette sobre plantillas</a>.
Para más detalles, incluyendo cómo testear plantillas, revisa <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/templates/" class="external-link" target="_blank">la documentación de Starlette sobre plantillas</a>.

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@@ -8,6 +8,6 @@ Para esto, usas el `TestClient` en un statement `with`, conectándote al WebSock
/// note | Nota
Para más detalles, revisa la documentación de Starlette sobre <a href="https://www.starlette.io/testclient/#testing-websocket-sessions" class="external-link" target="_blank">probando sesiones WebSocket</a>.
Para más detalles, revisa la documentación de Starlette sobre <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/testclient/#testing-websocket-sessions" class="external-link" target="_blank">probando sesiones WebSocket</a>.
///

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@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ Pero hay situaciones donde podrías necesitar acceder al objeto `Request` direct
## Detalles sobre el objeto `Request`
Como **FastAPI** es en realidad **Starlette** por debajo, con una capa de varias herramientas encima, puedes usar el objeto <a href="https://www.starlette.io/requests/" class="external-link" target="_blank">`Request`</a> de Starlette directamente cuando lo necesites.
Como **FastAPI** es en realidad **Starlette** por debajo, con una capa de varias herramientas encima, puedes usar el objeto <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/requests/" class="external-link" target="_blank">`Request`</a> de Starlette directamente cuando lo necesites.
También significa que si obtienes datos del objeto `Request` directamente (por ejemplo, leyendo el cuerpo) no serán validados, convertidos o documentados (con OpenAPI, para la interfaz automática de usuario de la API) por FastAPI.
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ De la misma manera, puedes declarar cualquier otro parámetro como normalmente,
## Documentación de `Request`
Puedes leer más detalles sobre el <a href="https://www.starlette.io/requests/" class="external-link" target="_blank">objeto `Request` en el sitio de documentación oficial de Starlette</a>.
Puedes leer más detalles sobre el <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/requests/" class="external-link" target="_blank">objeto `Request` en el sitio de documentación oficial de Starlette</a>.
/// note | Detalles Técnicos

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@@ -182,5 +182,5 @@ Si necesitas algo fácil de integrar con FastAPI pero que sea más robusto, sopo
Para aprender más sobre las opciones, revisa la documentación de Starlette para:
* <a href="https://www.starlette.io/websockets/" class="external-link" target="_blank">La clase `WebSocket`</a>.
* <a href="https://www.starlette.io/endpoints/#websocketendpoint" class="external-link" target="_blank">Manejo de WebSocket basado en clases</a>.
* <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/websockets/" class="external-link" target="_blank">La clase `WebSocket`</a>.
* <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/endpoints/#websocketendpoint" class="external-link" target="_blank">Manejo de WebSocket basado en clases</a>.

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@@ -417,7 +417,7 @@ Manejar toda la validación de datos, serialización de datos y documentación a
///
### <a href="https://www.starlette.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette</a>
### <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette</a>
Starlette es un framework/toolkit <abbr title="El nuevo estándar para construir aplicaciones web asíncronas en Python">ASGI</abbr> liviano, ideal para construir servicios asyncio de alto rendimiento.
@@ -462,7 +462,7 @@ Por lo tanto, cualquier cosa que puedas hacer con Starlette, puedes hacerlo dire
///
### <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a>
### <a href="https://www.uvicorn.dev/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a>
Uvicorn es un servidor ASGI extremadamente rápido, construido sobre uvloop y httptools.

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@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ Lo principal que necesitas para ejecutar una aplicación **FastAPI** (o cualquie
Hay varias alternativas, incluyendo:
* <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a>: un servidor ASGI de alto rendimiento.
* <a href="https://www.uvicorn.dev/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a>: un servidor ASGI de alto rendimiento.
* <a href="https://hypercorn.readthedocs.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hypercorn</a>: un servidor ASGI compatible con HTTP/2 y Trio entre otras funcionalidades.
* <a href="https://github.com/django/daphne" class="external-link" target="_blank">Daphne</a>: el servidor ASGI construido para Django Channels.
* <a href="https://github.com/emmett-framework/granian" class="external-link" target="_blank">Granian</a>: Un servidor HTTP Rust para aplicaciones en Python.

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@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ FastAPI CLI toma el path de tu programa Python (por ejemplo, `main.py`), detecta
Para producción usarías `fastapi run` en su lugar. 🚀
Internamente, **FastAPI CLI** usa <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a>, un servidor ASGI de alto rendimiento y listo para producción. 😎
Internamente, **FastAPI CLI** usa <a href="https://www.uvicorn.dev" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a>, un servidor ASGI de alto rendimiento y listo para producción. 😎
## `fastapi dev`

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@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ Cualquier integración está diseñada para ser tan simple de usar (con dependen
## Funcionalidades de Starlette
**FastAPI** es totalmente compatible con (y está basado en) <a href="https://www.starlette.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank"><strong>Starlette</strong></a>. Así que, cualquier código adicional de Starlette que tengas, también funcionará.
**FastAPI** es totalmente compatible con (y está basado en) <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/" class="external-link" target="_blank"><strong>Starlette</strong></a>. Así que, cualquier código adicional de Starlette que tengas, también funcionará.
`FastAPI` es en realidad una subclase de `Starlette`. Así que, si ya conoces o usas Starlette, la mayoría de las funcionalidades funcionarán de la misma manera.

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@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ Después de probar varias alternativas, decidí que iba a usar <a href="https://
Luego contribuí a este, para hacerlo totalmente compatible con JSON Schema, para soportar diferentes maneras de definir declaraciones de restricciones, y para mejorar el soporte de los editores (chequeo de tipos, autocompletado) basado en las pruebas en varios editores.
Durante el desarrollo, también contribuí a <a href="https://www.starlette.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">**Starlette**</a>, el otro requisito clave.
Durante el desarrollo, también contribuí a <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/" class="external-link" target="_blank">**Starlette**</a>, el otro requisito clave.
## Desarrollo

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@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ El `dict` `scope` y la función `receive` son ambos parte de la especificación
Y esas dos cosas, `scope` y `receive`, son lo que se necesita para crear una nueva *Request instance*.
Para aprender más sobre el `Request`, revisa <a href="https://www.starlette.io/requests/" class="external-link" target="_blank">la documentación de Starlette sobre Requests</a>.
Para aprender más sobre el `Request`, revisa <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/requests/" class="external-link" target="_blank">la documentación de Starlette sobre Requests</a>.
///

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@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ Si estás construyendo una aplicación de <abbr title="Interfaz de Línea de Com
FastAPI se apoya en hombros de gigantes:
* <a href="https://www.starlette.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette</a> para las partes web.
* <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette</a> para las partes web.
* <a href="https://docs.pydantic.dev/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Pydantic</a> para las partes de datos.
## Instalación
@@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ INFO: Application startup complete.
<details markdown="1">
<summary>Acerca del comando <code>fastapi dev main.py</code>...</summary>
El comando `fastapi dev` lee tu archivo `main.py`, detecta la app **FastAPI** en él y arranca un servidor usando <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a>.
El comando `fastapi dev` lee tu archivo `main.py`, detecta la app **FastAPI** en él y arranca un servidor usando <a href="https://www.uvicorn.dev" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a>.
Por defecto, `fastapi dev` comenzará con auto-recarga habilitada para el desarrollo local.
@@ -470,7 +470,7 @@ Usadas por Starlette:
Usadas por FastAPI / Starlette:
* <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org" target="_blank"><code>uvicorn</code></a> - para el servidor que carga y sirve tu aplicación. Esto incluye `uvicorn[standard]`, que incluye algunas dependencias (por ejemplo, `uvloop`) necesarias para servir con alto rendimiento.
* <a href="https://www.uvicorn.dev" target="_blank"><code>uvicorn</code></a> - para el servidor que carga y sirve tu aplicación. Esto incluye `uvicorn[standard]`, que incluye algunas dependencias (por ejemplo, `uvloop`) necesarias para servir con alto rendimiento.
* `fastapi-cli` - para proporcionar el comando `fastapi`.
### Sin Dependencias `standard`

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@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ Y luego otra tarea en segundo plano generada en la *path operation function* esc
## Detalles Técnicos
La clase `BackgroundTasks` proviene directamente de <a href="https://www.starlette.io/background/" class="external-link" target="_blank">`starlette.background`</a>.
La clase `BackgroundTasks` proviene directamente de <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/background/" class="external-link" target="_blank">`starlette.background`</a>.
Se importa/incluye directamente en FastAPI para que puedas importarla desde `fastapi` y evitar importar accidentalmente la alternativa `BackgroundTask` (sin la `s` al final) de `starlette.background`.
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ Al usar solo `BackgroundTasks` (y no `BackgroundTask`), es posible usarla como u
Todavía es posible usar `BackgroundTask` solo en FastAPI, pero debes crear el objeto en tu código y devolver una `Response` de Starlette incluyéndolo.
Puedes ver más detalles en <a href="https://www.starlette.io/background/" class="external-link" target="_blank">la documentación oficial de Starlette sobre Background Tasks</a>.
Puedes ver más detalles en <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/background/" class="external-link" target="_blank">la documentación oficial de Starlette sobre Background Tasks</a>.
## Advertencia

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@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ También podrías usarlo para generar código automáticamente, para clientes qu
`FastAPI` es una clase que hereda directamente de `Starlette`.
Puedes usar toda la funcionalidad de <a href="https://www.starlette.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette</a> con `FastAPI` también.
Puedes usar toda la funcionalidad de <a href="https://www.starlette.dev/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette</a> con `FastAPI` también.
///

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