🔖 Release version 0.131.0

[skip ci]

docs/en/docs/advanced/custom-response.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Custom Response - HTML, Stream, File, others { #custom-response-html-stream-file-others }
 
-By default, **FastAPI** will return the responses using `JSONResponse`.
+By default, **FastAPI** will return JSON responses.
 
 You can override it by returning a `Response` directly as seen in [Return a Response directly](response-directly.md){.internal-link target=_blank}.
 
@@ -10,43 +10,27 @@ But you can also declare the `Response` that you want to be used (e.g. any `Resp
 
 The contents that you return from your *path operation function* will be put inside of that `Response`.
 
-And if that `Response` has a JSON media type (`application/json`), like is the case with the `JSONResponse` and `UJSONResponse`, the data you return will be automatically converted (and filtered) with any Pydantic `response_model` that you declared in the *path operation decorator*.
-
 /// note
 
 If you use a response class with no media type, FastAPI will expect your response to have no content, so it will not document the response format in its generated OpenAPI docs.
 
 ///
 
-## Use `ORJSONResponse` { #use-orjsonresponse }
+## JSON Responses { #json-responses }
 
-For example, if you are squeezing performance, you can install and use <a href="https://github.com/ijl/orjson" class="external-link" target="_blank">`orjson`</a> and set the response to be `ORJSONResponse`.
+By default FastAPI returns JSON responses.
 
-Import the `Response` class (sub-class) you want to use and declare it in the *path operation decorator*.
+If you declare a [Response Model](../tutorial/response-model.md){.internal-link target=_blank} FastAPI will use it to serialize the data to JSON, using Pydantic.
 
-For large responses, returning a `Response` directly is much faster than returning a dictionary.
+If you don't declare a response model, FastAPI will use the `jsonable_encoder` explained in [JSON Compatible Encoder](../tutorial/encoder.md){.internal-link target=_blank} and put it in a `JSONResponse`.
 
-This is because by default, FastAPI will inspect every item inside and make sure it is serializable as JSON, using the same [JSON Compatible Encoder](../tutorial/encoder.md){.internal-link target=_blank} explained in the tutorial. This is what allows you to return **arbitrary objects**, for example database models.
+If you declare a `response_class` with a JSON media type (`application/json`), like is the case with the `JSONResponse`, the data you return will be automatically converted (and filtered) with any Pydantic `response_model` that you declared in the *path operation decorator*. But the data won't be serialized to JSON bytes with Pydantic, instead it will be converted with the `jsonable_encoder` and then passed to the `JSONResponse` class, which will serialize it to bytes using the standard JSON library in Python.
 
-But if you are certain that the content that you are returning is **serializable with JSON**, you can pass it directly to the response class and avoid the extra overhead that FastAPI would have by passing your return content through the `jsonable_encoder` before passing it to the response class.
+### JSON Performance { #json-performance }
 
-{* ../../docs_src/custom_response/tutorial001b_py310.py hl[2,7] *}
+In short, if you want the maximum performance, use a [Response Model](../tutorial/response-model.md){.internal-link target=_blank} and don't declare a `response_class` in the *path operation decorator*.
 
-/// info
-
-The parameter `response_class` will also be used to define the "media type" of the response.
-
-In this case, the HTTP header `Content-Type` will be set to `application/json`.
-
-And it will be documented as such in OpenAPI.
-
-///
-
-/// tip
-
-The `ORJSONResponse` is only available in FastAPI, not in Starlette.
-
-///
+{* ../../docs_src/response_model/tutorial001_01_py310.py ln[15:17] hl[16] *}
 
 ## HTML Response { #html-response }
 
@@ -154,40 +138,6 @@ Takes some data and returns an `application/json` encoded response.
 
 This is the default response used in **FastAPI**, as you read above.
 
-### `ORJSONResponse` { #orjsonresponse }
-
-A fast alternative JSON response using <a href="https://github.com/ijl/orjson" class="external-link" target="_blank">`orjson`</a>, as you read above.
-
-/// info
-
-This requires installing `orjson` for example with `pip install orjson`.
-
-///
-
-### `UJSONResponse` { #ujsonresponse }
-
-An alternative JSON response using <a href="https://github.com/ultrajson/ultrajson" class="external-link" target="_blank">`ujson`</a>.
-
-/// info
-
-This requires installing `ujson` for example with `pip install ujson`.
-
-///
-
-/// warning
-
-`ujson` is less careful than Python's built-in implementation in how it handles some edge-cases.
-
-///
-
-{* ../../docs_src/custom_response/tutorial001_py310.py hl[2,7] *}
-
-/// tip
-
-It's possible that `ORJSONResponse` might be a faster alternative.
-
-///
-
 ### `RedirectResponse` { #redirectresponse }
 
 Returns an HTTP redirect. Uses a 307 status code (Temporary Redirect) by default.
@@ -268,7 +218,7 @@ In this case, you can return the file path directly from your *path operation* f
 
 You can create your own custom response class, inheriting from `Response` and using it.
 
-For example, let's say that you want to use <a href="https://github.com/ijl/orjson" class="external-link" target="_blank">`orjson`</a>, but with some custom settings not used in the included `ORJSONResponse` class.
+For example, let's say that you want to use <a href="https://github.com/ijl/orjson" class="external-link" target="_blank">`orjson`</a> with some settings.
 
 Let's say you want it to return indented and formatted JSON, so you want to use the orjson option `orjson.OPT_INDENT_2`.
 
@@ -292,13 +242,21 @@ Now instead of returning:
 
 Of course, you will probably find much better ways to take advantage of this than formatting JSON. 😉
 
+### `orjson` or Response Model { #orjson-or-response-model }
+
+If what you are looking for is performance, you are probably better off using a [Response Model](../tutorial/response-model.md){.internal-link target=_blank} than an `orjson` response.
+
+With a response model, FastAPI will use Pydantic to serialize the data to JSON, without using intermediate steps, like converting it with `jsonable_encoder`, which would happen in any other case.
+
+And under the hood, Pydantic uses the same underlying Rust mechanisms as `orjson` to serialize to JSON, so you will already get the best performance with a response model.
+
 ## Default response class { #default-response-class }
 
 When creating a **FastAPI** class instance or an `APIRouter` you can specify which response class to use by default.
 
 The parameter that defines this is `default_response_class`.
 
-In the example below, **FastAPI** will use `ORJSONResponse` by default, in all *path operations*, instead of `JSONResponse`.
+In the example below, **FastAPI** will use `HTMLResponse` by default, in all *path operations*, instead of JSON.
 
 {* ../../docs_src/custom_response/tutorial010_py310.py hl[2,4] *}
 

docs/en/docs/advanced/response-directly.md

@@ -2,19 +2,23 @@
 
 When you create a **FastAPI** *path operation* you can normally return any data from it: a `dict`, a `list`, a Pydantic model, a database model, etc.
 
-By default, **FastAPI** would automatically convert that return value to JSON using the `jsonable_encoder` explained in [JSON Compatible Encoder](../tutorial/encoder.md){.internal-link target=_blank}.
+If you declare a [Response Model](../tutorial/response-model.md){.internal-link target=_blank} FastAPI will use it to serialize the data to JSON, using Pydantic.
 
-Then, behind the scenes, it would put that JSON-compatible data (e.g. a `dict`) inside of a `JSONResponse` that would be used to send the response to the client.
+If you don't declare a response model, FastAPI will use the `jsonable_encoder` explained in [JSON Compatible Encoder](../tutorial/encoder.md){.internal-link target=_blank} and put it in a `JSONResponse`.
 
-But you can return a `JSONResponse` directly from your *path operations*.
+You could also create a `JSONResponse` directly and return it.
 
-It might be useful, for example, to return custom headers or cookies.
+/// tip
+
+You will normally have much better performance using a [Response Model](../tutorial/response-model.md){.internal-link target=_blank} than returning a `JSONResponse` directly, as that way it serializes the data using Pydantic, in Rust.
+
+///
 
 ## Return a `Response` { #return-a-response }
 
-In fact, you can return any `Response` or any sub-class of it.
+You can return any `Response` or any sub-class of it.
 
-/// tip
+/// info
 
 `JSONResponse` itself is a sub-class of `Response`.
 
@@ -56,6 +60,18 @@ You could put your XML content in a string, put that in a `Response`, and return
 
 {* ../../docs_src/response_directly/tutorial002_py310.py hl[1,18] *}
 
+## How a Response Model Works { #how-a-response-model-works }
+
+When you declare a [Response Model](../tutorial/response-model.md){.internal-link target=_blank} in a path operation, **FastAPI** will use it to serialize the data to JSON, using Pydantic.
+
+{* ../../docs_src/response_model/tutorial001_01_py310.py hl[16,21] *}
+
+As that will happen on the Rust side, the performance will be much better than if it was done with regular Python and the `JSONResponse` class.
+
+When using a response model FastAPI won't use the `jsonable_encoder` to convert the data (which would be slower) nor the `JSONResponse` class.
+
+Instead it takes the JSON bytes generated with Pydantic using the response model and returns a `Response` with the right media type for JSON directly (`application/json`).
+
 ## Notes { #notes }
 
 When you return a `Response` directly its data is not validated, converted (serialized), or documented automatically.

docs/en/docs/how-to/general.md

@@ -6,6 +6,10 @@ Here are several pointers to other places in the docs, for general or frequent q
 
 To ensure that you don't return more data than you should, read the docs for [Tutorial - Response Model - Return Type](../tutorial/response-model.md){.internal-link target=_blank}.
 
+## Optimize Response Performance - Response Model - Return Type { #optimize-response-performance-response-model-return-type }
+
+To optimize performance when returning JSON data, use a return type or response model, that way Pydantic will handle the serialization to JSON on the Rust side, without going through Python. Read more in the docs for [Tutorial - Response Model - Return Type](../tutorial/response-model.md){.internal-link target=_blank}.
+
 ## Documentation Tags - OpenAPI { #documentation-tags-openapi }
 
 To add tags to your *path operations*, and group them in the docs UI, read the docs for [Tutorial - Path Operation Configurations - Tags](../tutorial/path-operation-configuration.md#tags){.internal-link target=_blank}.

docs/en/docs/reference/responses.md

@@ -22,7 +22,13 @@ from fastapi.responses import (
 
 ## FastAPI Responses
 
-There are a couple of custom FastAPI response classes, you can use them to optimize JSON performance.
+There were a couple of custom FastAPI response classes that were intended to optimize JSON performance.
+
+However, they are now deprecated as you will now get better performance by using a [Response Model - Return Type](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/).
+
+That way, Pydantic will serialize the data into JSON bytes on the Rust side, which will achieve better performance than these custom JSON responses.
+
+Read more about it in [Custom Response - HTML, Stream, File, others - `orjson` or Response Model](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/custom-response/#orjson-or-response-model).
 
 ::: fastapi.responses.UJSONResponse
     options:

docs/en/docs/release-notes.md

@@ -7,6 +7,20 @@ hide:
 
 ## Latest Changes
 
+## 0.131.0
+
+### Breaking Changes
+
+* 🗑️ Deprecate `ORJSONResponse` and `UJSONResponse`. PR [#14964](https://github.com/fastapi/fastapi/pull/14964) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
+
+## 0.130.0
+
+### Features
+
+* ✨ Serialize JSON response with Pydantic (in Rust), when there's a Pydantic return type or response model. PR [#14962](https://github.com/fastapi/fastapi/pull/14962) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
+    * This results in 2x (or more) performance increase for JSON responses.
+    * New docs: [Custom Response - JSON Performance](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/custom-response/#json-performance).
+
 ## 0.129.2
 
 ### Internal

docs/en/docs/tutorial/response-model.md

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ FastAPI will use this return type to:
 * Add a **JSON Schema** for the response, in the OpenAPI *path operation*.
     * This will be used by the **automatic docs**.
     * It will also be used by automatic client code generation tools.
+* **Serialize** the returned data to JSON using Pydantic, which is written in **Rust**, so it will be **much faster**.
 
 But most importantly:
 

docs_src/custom_response/tutorial010_py310.py

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 from fastapi import FastAPI
-from fastapi.responses import ORJSONResponse
+from fastapi.responses import HTMLResponse
 
-app = FastAPI(default_response_class=ORJSONResponse)
+app = FastAPI(default_response_class=HTMLResponse)
 
 
 @app.get("/items/")
 async def read_items():
-    return [{"item_id": "Foo"}]
+    return "<h1>Items</h1><p>This is a list of items.</p>"

fastapi/__init__.py

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 """FastAPI framework, high performance, easy to learn, fast to code, ready for production"""
 
-__version__ = "0.129.2"
+__version__ = "0.131.0"
 
 from starlette import status as status
 

fastapi/_compat/v2.py

@@ -199,6 +199,32 @@ class ModelField:
             exclude_none=exclude_none,
         )
 
+    def serialize_json(
+        self,
+        value: Any,
+        *,
+        include: IncEx | None = None,
+        exclude: IncEx | None = None,
+        by_alias: bool = True,
+        exclude_unset: bool = False,
+        exclude_defaults: bool = False,
+        exclude_none: bool = False,
+    ) -> bytes:
+        # What calls this code passes a value that already called
+        # self._type_adapter.validate_python(value)
+        # This uses Pydantic's dump_json() which serializes directly to JSON
+        # bytes in one pass (via Rust), avoiding the intermediate Python dict
+        # step of dump_python(mode="json") + json.dumps().
+        return self._type_adapter.dump_json(
+            value,
+            include=include,
+            exclude=exclude,
+            by_alias=by_alias,
+            exclude_unset=exclude_unset,
+            exclude_defaults=exclude_defaults,
+            exclude_none=exclude_none,
+        )
+
     def __hash__(self) -> int:
         # Each ModelField is unique for our purposes, to allow making a dict from
         # ModelField to its JSON Schema.

fastapi/responses.py

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 from typing import Any
 
+from fastapi.exceptions import FastAPIDeprecationWarning
 from starlette.responses import FileResponse as FileResponse  # noqa
 from starlette.responses import HTMLResponse as HTMLResponse  # noqa
 from starlette.responses import JSONResponse as JSONResponse  # noqa
@@ -7,6 +8,7 @@ from starlette.responses import PlainTextResponse as PlainTextResponse  # noqa
 from starlette.responses import RedirectResponse as RedirectResponse  # noqa
 from starlette.responses import Response as Response  # noqa
 from starlette.responses import StreamingResponse as StreamingResponse  # noqa
+from typing_extensions import deprecated
 
 try:
     import ujson
@@ -20,12 +22,29 @@ except ImportError:  # pragma: nocover
     orjson = None  # type: ignore
 
 
+@deprecated(
+    "UJSONResponse is deprecated, FastAPI now serializes data directly to JSON "
+    "bytes via Pydantic when a return type or response model is set, which is "
+    "faster and doesn't need a custom response class. Read more in the FastAPI "
+    "docs: https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/custom-response/#orjson-or-response-model "
+    "and https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/",
+    category=FastAPIDeprecationWarning,
+    stacklevel=2,
+)
 class UJSONResponse(JSONResponse):
-    """
-    JSON response using the high-performance ujson library to serialize data to JSON.
+    """JSON response using the ujson library to serialize data to JSON.
 
-    Read more about it in the
-    [FastAPI docs for Custom Response - HTML, Stream, File, others](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/custom-response/).
+    **Deprecated**: `UJSONResponse` is deprecated. FastAPI now serializes data
+    directly to JSON bytes via Pydantic when a return type or response model is
+    set, which is faster and doesn't need a custom response class.
+
+    Read more in the
+    [FastAPI docs for Custom Response](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/custom-response/#orjson-or-response-model)
+    and the
+    [FastAPI docs for Response Model](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/).
+
+    **Note**: `ujson` is not included with FastAPI and must be installed
+    separately, e.g. `pip install ujson`.
     """
 
     def render(self, content: Any) -> bytes:
@@ -33,12 +52,29 @@ class UJSONResponse(JSONResponse):
         return ujson.dumps(content, ensure_ascii=False).encode("utf-8")
 
 
+@deprecated(
+    "ORJSONResponse is deprecated, FastAPI now serializes data directly to JSON "
+    "bytes via Pydantic when a return type or response model is set, which is "
+    "faster and doesn't need a custom response class. Read more in the FastAPI "
+    "docs: https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/custom-response/#orjson-or-response-model "
+    "and https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/",
+    category=FastAPIDeprecationWarning,
+    stacklevel=2,
+)
 class ORJSONResponse(JSONResponse):
-    """
-    JSON response using the high-performance orjson library to serialize data to JSON.
+    """JSON response using the orjson library to serialize data to JSON.
 
-    Read more about it in the
-    [FastAPI docs for Custom Response - HTML, Stream, File, others](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/custom-response/).
+    **Deprecated**: `ORJSONResponse` is deprecated. FastAPI now serializes data
+    directly to JSON bytes via Pydantic when a return type or response model is
+    set, which is faster and doesn't need a custom response class.
+
+    Read more in the
+    [FastAPI docs for Custom Response](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/custom-response/#orjson-or-response-model)
+    and the
+    [FastAPI docs for Response Model](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/response-model/).
+
+    **Note**: `orjson` is not included with FastAPI and must be installed
+    separately, e.g. `pip install orjson`.
     """
 
     def render(self, content: Any) -> bytes:

fastapi/routing.py

@@ -271,6 +271,7 @@ async def serialize_response(
     exclude_none: bool = False,
     is_coroutine: bool = True,
     endpoint_ctx: EndpointContext | None = None,
+    dump_json: bool = False,
 ) -> Any:
     if field:
         if is_coroutine:
@@ -286,8 +287,8 @@ async def serialize_response(
                 body=response_content,
                 endpoint_ctx=ctx,
             )
-
-        return field.serialize(
+        serializer = field.serialize_json if dump_json else field.serialize
+        return serializer(
             value,
             include=include,
             exclude=exclude,
@@ -443,6 +444,14 @@ def get_request_handler(
                     response_args["status_code"] = current_status_code
                 if solved_result.response.status_code:
                     response_args["status_code"] = solved_result.response.status_code
+                # Use the fast path (dump_json) when no custom response
+                # class was set and a response field with a TypeAdapter
+                # exists. Serializes directly to JSON bytes via Pydantic's
+                # Rust core, skipping the intermediate Python dict +
+                # json.dumps() step.
+                use_dump_json = response_field is not None and isinstance(
+                    response_class, DefaultPlaceholder
+                )
                 content = await serialize_response(
                     field=response_field,
                     response_content=raw_response,
@@ -454,8 +463,16 @@ def get_request_handler(
                     exclude_none=response_model_exclude_none,
                     is_coroutine=is_coroutine,
                     endpoint_ctx=endpoint_ctx,
+                    dump_json=use_dump_json,
                 )
-                response = actual_response_class(content, **response_args)
+                if use_dump_json:
+                    response = Response(
+                        content=content,
+                        media_type="application/json",
+                        **response_args,
+                    )
+                else:
+                    response = actual_response_class(content, **response_args)
                 if not is_body_allowed_for_status_code(response.status_code):
                     response.body = b""
                 response.headers.raw.extend(solved_result.response.headers.raw)

pyproject.toml

@@ -105,10 +105,6 @@ all = [
     "itsdangerous >=1.1.0",
     # For Starlette's schema generation, would not be used with FastAPI
     "pyyaml >=5.3.1",
-    # For UJSONResponse
-    "ujson >=5.8.0",
-    # For ORJSONResponse
-    "orjson >=3.9.3",
     # To validate email fields
     "email-validator >=2.0.0",
     # Uvicorn with uvloop
@@ -151,6 +147,10 @@ docs = [
 docs-tests = [
     "httpx >=0.23.0,<1.0.0",
     "ruff >=0.14.14",
+    # For UJSONResponse
+    "ujson >=5.8.0",
+    # For ORJSONResponse
+    "orjson >=3.9.3",
 ]
 github-actions = [
     "httpx >=0.27.0,<1.0.0",

tests/test_deprecated_responses.py

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+import warnings
+
+import pytest
+from fastapi import FastAPI
+from fastapi.exceptions import FastAPIDeprecationWarning
+from fastapi.responses import ORJSONResponse, UJSONResponse
+from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+
+
+class Item(BaseModel):
+    name: str
+    price: float
+
+
+# ORJSON
+
+
+def _make_orjson_app() -> FastAPI:
+    with warnings.catch_warnings():
+        warnings.simplefilter("ignore", FastAPIDeprecationWarning)
+        app = FastAPI(default_response_class=ORJSONResponse)
+
+    @app.get("/items")
+    def get_items() -> Item:
+        return Item(name="widget", price=9.99)
+
+    return app
+
+
+def test_orjson_response_returns_correct_data():
+    app = _make_orjson_app()
+    client = TestClient(app)
+    with warnings.catch_warnings():
+        warnings.simplefilter("ignore", FastAPIDeprecationWarning)
+        response = client.get("/items")
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    assert response.json() == {"name": "widget", "price": 9.99}
+
+
+def test_orjson_response_emits_deprecation_warning():
+    with pytest.warns(FastAPIDeprecationWarning, match="ORJSONResponse is deprecated"):
+        ORJSONResponse(content={"hello": "world"})
+
+
+# UJSON
+
+
+def _make_ujson_app() -> FastAPI:
+    with warnings.catch_warnings():
+        warnings.simplefilter("ignore", FastAPIDeprecationWarning)
+        app = FastAPI(default_response_class=UJSONResponse)
+
+    @app.get("/items")
+    def get_items() -> Item:
+        return Item(name="widget", price=9.99)
+
+    return app
+
+
+def test_ujson_response_returns_correct_data():
+    app = _make_ujson_app()
+    client = TestClient(app)
+    with warnings.catch_warnings():
+        warnings.simplefilter("ignore", FastAPIDeprecationWarning)
+        response = client.get("/items")
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    assert response.json() == {"name": "widget", "price": 9.99}
+
+
+def test_ujson_response_emits_deprecation_warning():
+    with pytest.warns(FastAPIDeprecationWarning, match="UJSONResponse is deprecated"):
+        UJSONResponse(content={"hello": "world"})

tests/test_dump_json_fast_path.py

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from fastapi import FastAPI
+from fastapi.responses import JSONResponse
+from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+
+
+class Item(BaseModel):
+    name: str
+    price: float
+
+
+app = FastAPI()
+
+
+@app.get("/default")
+def get_default() -> Item:
+    return Item(name="widget", price=9.99)
+
+
+@app.get("/explicit", response_class=JSONResponse)
+def get_explicit() -> Item:
+    return Item(name="widget", price=9.99)
+
+
+client = TestClient(app)
+
+
+def test_default_response_class_skips_json_dumps():
+    """When no response_class is set, the fast path serializes directly to
+    JSON bytes via Pydantic's dump_json and never calls json.dumps."""
+    with patch(
+        "starlette.responses.json.dumps", wraps=__import__("json").dumps
+    ) as mock_dumps:
+        response = client.get("/default")
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    assert response.json() == {"name": "widget", "price": 9.99}
+    mock_dumps.assert_not_called()
+
+
+def test_explicit_response_class_uses_json_dumps():
+    """When response_class is explicitly set to JSONResponse, the normal path
+    is used and json.dumps is called via JSONResponse.render()."""
+    with patch(
+        "starlette.responses.json.dumps", wraps=__import__("json").dumps
+    ) as mock_dumps:
+        response = client.get("/explicit")
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    assert response.json() == {"name": "widget", "price": 9.99}
+    mock_dumps.assert_called_once()

tests/test_orjson_response_class.py

@@ -1,9 +1,14 @@
+import warnings
+
 from fastapi import FastAPI
+from fastapi.exceptions import FastAPIDeprecationWarning
 from fastapi.responses import ORJSONResponse
 from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
 from sqlalchemy.sql.elements import quoted_name
 
-app = FastAPI(default_response_class=ORJSONResponse)
+with warnings.catch_warnings():
+    warnings.simplefilter("ignore", FastAPIDeprecationWarning)
+    app = FastAPI(default_response_class=ORJSONResponse)
 
 
 @app.get("/orjson_non_str_keys")
@@ -16,6 +21,8 @@ client = TestClient(app)
 
 
 def test_orjson_non_str_keys():
-    with client:
-        response = client.get("/orjson_non_str_keys")
+    with warnings.catch_warnings():
+        warnings.simplefilter("ignore", FastAPIDeprecationWarning)
+        with client:
+            response = client.get("/orjson_non_str_keys")
     assert response.json() == {"msg": "Hello World", "1": 1}

tests/test_tutorial/test_custom_response/test_tutorial001.py

@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@ from inline_snapshot import snapshot
     name="client",
     params=[
         pytest.param("tutorial001_py310"),
-        pytest.param("tutorial010_py310"),
     ],
 )
 def get_client(request: pytest.FixtureRequest):
@@ -18,12 +17,14 @@ def get_client(request: pytest.FixtureRequest):
     return client
 
 
+@pytest.mark.filterwarnings("ignore::fastapi.exceptions.FastAPIDeprecationWarning")
 def test_get_custom_response(client: TestClient):
     response = client.get("/items/")
     assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
     assert response.json() == [{"item_id": "Foo"}]
 
 
+@pytest.mark.filterwarnings("ignore::fastapi.exceptions.FastAPIDeprecationWarning")
 def test_openapi_schema(client: TestClient):
     response = client.get("/openapi.json")
     assert response.status_code == 200, response.text

tests/test_tutorial/test_custom_response/test_tutorial001b.py

@@ -1,17 +1,25 @@
+import warnings
+
+import pytest
+from fastapi.exceptions import FastAPIDeprecationWarning
 from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
 from inline_snapshot import snapshot
 
-from docs_src.custom_response.tutorial001b_py310 import app
+with warnings.catch_warnings():
+    warnings.simplefilter("ignore", FastAPIDeprecationWarning)
+    from docs_src.custom_response.tutorial001b_py310 import app
 
 client = TestClient(app)
 
 
+@pytest.mark.filterwarnings("ignore::fastapi.exceptions.FastAPIDeprecationWarning")
 def test_get_custom_response():
     response = client.get("/items/")
     assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
     assert response.json() == [{"item_id": "Foo"}]
 
 
+@pytest.mark.filterwarnings("ignore::fastapi.exceptions.FastAPIDeprecationWarning")
 def test_openapi_schema():
     response = client.get("/openapi.json")
     assert response.status_code == 200, response.text

tests/test_tutorial/test_custom_response/test_tutorial010.py

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+import importlib
+
+import pytest
+from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+from inline_snapshot import snapshot
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(
+    name="client",
+    params=[
+        pytest.param("tutorial010_py310"),
+    ],
+)
+def get_client(request: pytest.FixtureRequest):
+    mod = importlib.import_module(f"docs_src.custom_response.{request.param}")
+    client = TestClient(mod.app)
+    return client
+
+
+def test_get_custom_response(client: TestClient):
+    response = client.get("/items/")
+    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+    assert response.text == snapshot("<h1>Items</h1><p>This is a list of items.</p>")
+
+
+def test_openapi_schema(client: TestClient):
+    response = client.get("/openapi.json")
+    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
+    assert response.json() == snapshot(
+        {
+            "openapi": "3.1.0",
+            "info": {"title": "FastAPI", "version": "0.1.0"},
+            "paths": {
+                "/items/": {
+                    "get": {
+                        "responses": {
+                            "200": {
+                                "description": "Successful Response",
+                                "content": {
+                                    "text/html": {"schema": {"type": "string"}}
+                                },
+                            }
+                        },
+                        "summary": "Read Items",
+                        "operationId": "read_items_items__get",
+                    }
+                }
+            },
+        }
+    )

uv.lock

@@ -1083,12 +1083,10 @@ all = [
     { name = "httpx" },
     { name = "itsdangerous" },
     { name = "jinja2" },
-    { name = "orjson" },
     { name = "pydantic-extra-types" },
     { name = "pydantic-settings" },
     { name = "python-multipart" },
     { name = "pyyaml" },
-    { name = "ujson" },
     { name = "uvicorn", extra = ["standard"] },
 ]
 standard = [
@@ -1134,6 +1132,7 @@ dev = [
     { name = "mkdocs-redirects" },
     { name = "mkdocstrings", extra = ["python"] },
     { name = "mypy" },
+    { name = "orjson" },
     { name = "pillow" },
     { name = "playwright" },
     { name = "prek" },
@@ -1151,6 +1150,7 @@ dev = [
     { name = "typer" },
     { name = "types-orjson" },
     { name = "types-ujson" },
+    { name = "ujson" },
 ]
 docs = [
     { name = "black" },
@@ -1165,15 +1165,19 @@ docs = [
     { name = "mkdocs-material" },
     { name = "mkdocs-redirects" },
     { name = "mkdocstrings", extra = ["python"] },
+    { name = "orjson" },
     { name = "pillow" },
     { name = "python-slugify" },
     { name = "pyyaml" },
     { name = "ruff" },
     { name = "typer" },
+    { name = "ujson" },
 ]
 docs-tests = [
     { name = "httpx" },
+    { name = "orjson" },
     { name = "ruff" },
+    { name = "ujson" },
 ]
 github-actions = [
     { name = "httpx" },
@@ -1192,6 +1196,7 @@ tests = [
     { name = "httpx" },
     { name = "inline-snapshot" },
     { name = "mypy" },
+    { name = "orjson" },
     { name = "pwdlib", extra = ["argon2"] },
     { name = "pyjwt" },
     { name = "pytest" },
@@ -1202,6 +1207,7 @@ tests = [
     { name = "strawberry-graphql" },
     { name = "types-orjson" },
     { name = "types-ujson" },
+    { name = "ujson" },
 ]
 translations = [
     { name = "gitpython" },
@@ -1225,7 +1231,6 @@ requires-dist = [
     { name = "jinja2", marker = "extra == 'all'", specifier = ">=3.1.5" },
     { name = "jinja2", marker = "extra == 'standard'", specifier = ">=3.1.5" },
     { name = "jinja2", marker = "extra == 'standard-no-fastapi-cloud-cli'", specifier = ">=3.1.5" },
-    { name = "orjson", marker = "extra == 'all'", specifier = ">=3.9.3" },
     { name = "pydantic", specifier = ">=2.7.0" },
     { name = "pydantic-extra-types", marker = "extra == 'all'", specifier = ">=2.0.0" },
     { name = "pydantic-extra-types", marker = "extra == 'standard'", specifier = ">=2.0.0" },
@@ -1240,7 +1245,6 @@ requires-dist = [
     { name = "starlette", specifier = ">=0.40.0,<1.0.0" },
     { name = "typing-extensions", specifier = ">=4.8.0" },
     { name = "typing-inspection", specifier = ">=0.4.2" },
-    { name = "ujson", marker = "extra == 'all'", specifier = ">=5.8.0" },
     { name = "uvicorn", extras = ["standard"], marker = "extra == 'all'", specifier = ">=0.12.0" },
     { name = "uvicorn", extras = ["standard"], marker = "extra == 'standard'", specifier = ">=0.12.0" },
     { name = "uvicorn", extras = ["standard"], marker = "extra == 'standard-no-fastapi-cloud-cli'", specifier = ">=0.12.0" },
@@ -1269,6 +1273,7 @@ dev = [
     { name = "mkdocs-redirects", specifier = ">=1.2.1,<1.3.0" },
     { name = "mkdocstrings", extras = ["python"], specifier = ">=0.30.1" },
     { name = "mypy", specifier = ">=1.14.1" },
+    { name = "orjson", specifier = ">=3.9.3" },
     { name = "pillow", specifier = ">=11.3.0" },
     { name = "playwright", specifier = ">=1.57.0" },
     { name = "prek", specifier = ">=0.2.22" },
@@ -1286,6 +1291,7 @@ dev = [
     { name = "typer", specifier = ">=0.21.1" },
     { name = "types-orjson", specifier = ">=3.6.2" },
     { name = "types-ujson", specifier = ">=5.10.0.20240515" },
+    { name = "ujson", specifier = ">=5.8.0" },
 ]
 docs = [
     { name = "black", specifier = ">=25.1.0" },
@@ -1300,15 +1306,19 @@ docs = [
     { name = "mkdocs-material", specifier = ">=9.7.0" },
     { name = "mkdocs-redirects", specifier = ">=1.2.1,<1.3.0" },
     { name = "mkdocstrings", extras = ["python"], specifier = ">=0.30.1" },
+    { name = "orjson", specifier = ">=3.9.3" },
     { name = "pillow", specifier = ">=11.3.0" },
     { name = "python-slugify", specifier = ">=8.0.4" },
     { name = "pyyaml", specifier = ">=5.3.1,<7.0.0" },
     { name = "ruff", specifier = ">=0.14.14" },
     { name = "typer", specifier = ">=0.21.1" },
+    { name = "ujson", specifier = ">=5.8.0" },
 ]
 docs-tests = [
     { name = "httpx", specifier = ">=0.23.0,<1.0.0" },
+    { name = "orjson", specifier = ">=3.9.3" },
     { name = "ruff", specifier = ">=0.14.14" },
+    { name = "ujson", specifier = ">=5.8.0" },
 ]
 github-actions = [
     { name = "httpx", specifier = ">=0.27.0,<1.0.0" },
@@ -1327,6 +1337,7 @@ tests = [
     { name = "httpx", specifier = ">=0.23.0,<1.0.0" },
     { name = "inline-snapshot", specifier = ">=0.21.1" },
     { name = "mypy", specifier = ">=1.14.1" },
+    { name = "orjson", specifier = ">=3.9.3" },
     { name = "pwdlib", extras = ["argon2"], specifier = ">=0.2.1" },
     { name = "pyjwt", specifier = ">=2.9.0" },
     { name = "pytest", specifier = ">=9.0.0" },
@@ -1337,6 +1348,7 @@ tests = [
     { name = "strawberry-graphql", specifier = ">=0.200.0,<1.0.0" },
     { name = "types-orjson", specifier = ">=3.6.2" },
     { name = "types-ujson", specifier = ">=5.10.0.20240515" },
+    { name = "ujson", specifier = ">=5.8.0" },
 ]
 translations = [
     { name = "gitpython", specifier = ">=3.1.46" },