🔖 Release version 0.60.2

Co-authored-by: Sebastián Ramírez <tiangolo@gmail.com>

.env

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-PYTHONPATH=./docs_src

.github/actions/get-artifact/Dockerfile

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+FROM python:3.7
+
+RUN pip install httpx "pydantic==1.5.1"
+
+COPY ./app /app
+
+CMD ["python", "/app/main.py"]

.github/actions/get-artifact/action.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+name: "Get Artifact"
+description: "Get artifact, possibly uploaded by a PR, useful to deploy docs previews"
+author: "Sebastián Ramírez <tiangolo@gmail.com>"
+inputs:
+  token:
+    description: 'Token for the repo. Can be passed in using {{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}'
+    required: true
+  name:
+    description: 'Artifact name'
+    required: true
+  path:
+    description: 'Where to store the artifact'
+    required: true
+runs:
+  using: 'docker'
+  image: 'Dockerfile'

.github/actions/get-artifact/app/main.py

@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+import logging
+from datetime import datetime
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import List, Optional
+
+import httpx
+from pydantic import BaseModel, BaseSettings, SecretStr
+
+github_api = "https://api.github.com"
+netlify_api = "https://api.netlify.com"
+
+
+class Settings(BaseSettings):
+    input_name: str
+    input_token: SecretStr
+    input_path: str
+    github_repository: str
+    github_event_path: Path
+    github_event_name: Optional[str] = None
+
+
+class Artifact(BaseModel):
+    id: int
+    node_id: str
+    name: str
+    size_in_bytes: int
+    url: str
+    archive_download_url: str
+    expired: bool
+    created_at: datetime
+    updated_at: datetime
+
+
+class ArtifactResponse(BaseModel):
+    total_count: int
+    artifacts: List[Artifact]
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO)
+    settings = Settings()
+    logging.info(f"Using config: {settings.json()}")
+    github_headers = {
+        "Authorization": f"token {settings.input_token.get_secret_value()}"
+    }
+    response = httpx.get(
+        f"{github_api}/repos/{settings.github_repository}/actions/artifacts",
+        headers=github_headers,
+    )
+    data = response.json()
+    artifacts_response = ArtifactResponse.parse_obj(data)
+    use_artifact: Optional[Artifact] = None
+    for artifact in artifacts_response.artifacts:
+        if artifact.name == settings.input_name:
+            use_artifact = artifact
+            break
+    assert use_artifact
+    file_response = httpx.get(
+        use_artifact.archive_download_url, headers=github_headers, timeout=30
+    )
+    zip_file = Path(settings.input_path)
+    zip_file.write_bytes(file_response.content)
+    logging.info("Finished")

.github/actions/watch-previews/Dockerfile

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+FROM python:3.7
+
+RUN pip install httpx PyGithub "pydantic==1.5.1"
+
+COPY ./app /app
+
+CMD ["python", "/app/main.py"]

.github/actions/watch-previews/action.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+name: "Watch docs previews in PRs"
+description: "Check PRs and trigger new docs deploys"
+author: "Sebastián Ramírez <tiangolo@gmail.com>"
+inputs:
+  token:
+    description: 'Token for the repo. Can be passed in using {{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}'
+    required: true
+runs:
+  using: 'docker'
+  image: 'Dockerfile'

.github/actions/watch-previews/app/main.py

@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+import logging
+from datetime import datetime
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import List, Optional
+
+import httpx
+from github import Github
+from github.NamedUser import NamedUser
+from pydantic import BaseModel, BaseSettings, SecretStr
+
+github_api = "https://api.github.com"
+netlify_api = "https://api.netlify.com"
+
+
+class Settings(BaseSettings):
+    input_token: SecretStr
+    github_repository: str
+    github_event_path: Path
+    github_event_name: Optional[str] = None
+
+
+class Artifact(BaseModel):
+    id: int
+    node_id: str
+    name: str
+    size_in_bytes: int
+    url: str
+    archive_download_url: str
+    expired: bool
+    created_at: datetime
+    updated_at: datetime
+
+
+class ArtifactResponse(BaseModel):
+    total_count: int
+    artifacts: List[Artifact]
+
+
+def get_message(commit: str) -> str:
+    return f"Docs preview for commit {commit} at"
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO)
+    settings = Settings()
+    logging.info(f"Using config: {settings.json()}")
+    g = Github(settings.input_token.get_secret_value())
+    repo = g.get_repo(settings.github_repository)
+    owner: NamedUser = repo.owner
+    headers = {"Authorization": f"token {settings.input_token.get_secret_value()}"}
+    prs = list(repo.get_pulls(state="open"))
+    response = httpx.get(
+        f"{github_api}/repos/{settings.github_repository}/actions/artifacts",
+        headers=headers,
+    )
+    data = response.json()
+    artifacts_response = ArtifactResponse.parse_obj(data)
+    for pr in prs:
+        logging.info("-----")
+        logging.info(f"Processing PR #{pr.number}: {pr.title}")
+        pr_comments = list(pr.get_issue_comments())
+        pr_commits = list(pr.get_commits())
+        last_commit = pr_commits[0]
+        for pr_commit in pr_commits:
+            if pr_commit.commit.author.date > last_commit.commit.author.date:
+                last_commit = pr_commit
+        commit = last_commit.commit.sha
+        logging.info(f"Last commit: {commit}")
+        message = get_message(commit)
+        notified = False
+        for pr_comment in pr_comments:
+            if message in pr_comment.body:
+                notified = True
+        logging.info(f"Docs preview was notified: {notified}")
+        if not notified:
+            artifact_name = f"docs-zip-{commit}"
+            use_artifact: Optional[Artifact] = None
+            for artifact in artifacts_response.artifacts:
+                if artifact.name == artifact_name:
+                    use_artifact = artifact
+                    break
+            if not use_artifact:
+                logging.info("Artifact not available")
+            else:
+                logging.info(f"Existing artifact: {use_artifact.name}")
+                response = httpx.post(
+                    "https://api.github.com/repos/tiangolo/fastapi/actions/workflows/preview-docs.yml/dispatches",
+                    headers=headers,
+                    json={
+                        "ref": "master",
+                        "inputs": {
+                            "pr": f"{pr.number}",
+                            "name": artifact_name,
+                            "commit": commit,
+                        },
+                    },
+                )
+                logging.info(
+                    f"Trigger sent, response status: {response.status_code} - content: {response.content}"
+                )
+    logging.info("Finished")

.github/workflows/build-docs.yml

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-name: Build and Deploy to Netlify
+name: Build Docs
 on:
   push:
   pull_request:
@@ -7,6 +7,10 @@ jobs:
   build:
     runs-on: ubuntu-18.04
     steps:
+      - name: Dump GitHub context
+        env:
+          GITHUB_CONTEXT: ${{ toJson(github) }}
+        run: echo "$GITHUB_CONTEXT"
       - uses: actions/checkout@v2
       - name: Set up Python
         uses: actions/setup-python@v1
@@ -18,12 +22,21 @@ jobs:
         run: python3.7 -m flit install --extras doc
       - name: Build Docs
         run: python3.7 ./scripts/docs.py build-all
+      - name: Zip docs
+        if: github.event_name == 'pull_request'
+        run: bash ./scripts/zip-docs.sh
+      - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v2
+        if: github.event_name == 'pull_request'
+        with:
+          name: docs-zip-${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha }}
+          path: ./docs.zip
       - name: Deploy to Netlify
-        uses: nwtgck/actions-netlify@v1.0.3
+        uses: nwtgck/actions-netlify@v1.1.5
         with:
           publish-dir: './site'
           production-branch: master
           github-token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+          enable-commit-comment: false
         env:
           NETLIFY_AUTH_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.NETLIFY_AUTH_TOKEN }}
           NETLIFY_SITE_ID: ${{ secrets.NETLIFY_SITE_ID }}

.github/workflows/preview-docs.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+name: Preview Docs
+on:
+  workflow_dispatch:
+    inputs:
+      pr:
+        description: Pull Request number
+        required: true
+      name:
+        description: Artifact name for zip file with docs
+        required: true
+      commit:
+        description: Commit SHA hash
+        required: true
+
+jobs:
+  deploy:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-18.04
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+      - uses: ./.github/actions/get-artifact
+        with:
+          token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+          name: ${{ github.event.inputs.name }}
+          path: ./archive.zip
+      - name: Unzip docs
+        run: bash ./scripts/unzip-docs.sh
+      - name: Deploy to Netlify
+        id: netlify
+        uses: nwtgck/actions-netlify@v1.1.5
+        with:
+          publish-dir: './site'
+          production-deploy: false
+          github-token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+          enable-commit-comment: false
+        env:
+          NETLIFY_AUTH_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.NETLIFY_AUTH_TOKEN }}
+          NETLIFY_SITE_ID: ${{ secrets.NETLIFY_SITE_ID }}
+      - name: Comment Deploy
+        env:
+          PR: "${{ github.event.inputs.pr }}"
+          DEPLOY_URL: "${{ steps.netlify.outputs.deploy-url }}"
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: "${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}"
+          COMMIT: "${{ github.event.inputs.commit }}"
+        run: bash ./scripts/docs-comment-deploy.sh

.github/workflows/publish.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+name: Publish
+
+on:
+  release:
+    types:
+      - created
+
+jobs:
+  publish:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Dump GitHub context
+        env:
+          GITHUB_CONTEXT: ${{ toJson(github) }}
+        run: echo "$GITHUB_CONTEXT"
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+      - name: Set up Python
+        uses: actions/setup-python@v1
+        with:
+          python-version: "3.6"
+      - name: Install Flit
+        run: pip install flit
+      - name: Install Dependencies
+        run: flit install --symlink
+      - name: Publish
+        env:
+          FLIT_USERNAME: ${{ secrets.FLIT_USERNAME }}
+          FLIT_PASSWORD: ${{ secrets.FLIT_PASSWORD }}
+        run: bash scripts/publish.sh
+      - name: Dump GitHub context
+        env:
+          GITHUB_CONTEXT: ${{ toJson(github) }}
+        run: echo "$GITHUB_CONTEXT"
+      - name: Notify
+        env:
+          GITTER_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITTER_TOKEN }}
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+          TAG: ${{ github.event.release.name }}
+        run: bash scripts/notify.sh

.github/workflows/test.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+name: Test
+
+on:
+  push:
+  pull_request:
+    types: [opened, synchronize]
+
+jobs:
+  test:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        python-version: [3.6, 3.7, 3.8]
+      fail-fast: false
+    
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+      - name: Set up Python
+        uses: actions/setup-python@v1
+        with:
+          python-version: ${{ matrix.python-version }}
+      - name: Install Flit
+        run: pip install flit
+      - name: Install Dependencies
+        run: flit install --symlink
+      - name: Test
+        run: bash scripts/test.sh
+      - name: Upload coverage
+        uses: codecov/codecov-action@v1

.github/workflows/watch-docs-previews.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+name: Watch Docs Previews
+on:
+  schedule:
+    - cron: "0 * * * *"
+
+jobs:
+  deploy:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-18.04
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+      - uses: ./.github/actions/watch-previews
+        with:
+          token: ${{ secrets.ACTIONS_TOKEN }}

.gitignore

@@ -17,6 +17,8 @@ env3.*
 env
 docs_build
 venv
+docs.zip
+archive.zip
 
 # vim temporary files
 *~

.travis.yml

@@ -1,32 +0,0 @@
-dist: xenial
-
-language: python
-
-cache: pip
-
-python:
-    - "3.6"
-    - "3.7"
-    - "3.8"
-    - "nightly"
-
-matrix:
-    allow_failures:
-        - python: "nightly"
-
-install:
-    - pip install flit
-    - flit install --symlink
-
-script:
-    - bash scripts/test.sh
-
-after_script:
-    - bash <(curl -s https://codecov.io/bash)
-
-deploy:
-    provider: script
-    script: bash scripts/deploy.sh
-    on:
-        tags: true
-        python: "3.6"

README.md

@@ -5,14 +5,14 @@
     <em>FastAPI framework, high performance, easy to learn, fast to code, ready for production</em>
 </p>
 <p align="center">
-<a href="https://travis-ci.com/tiangolo/fastapi" target="_blank">
-    <img src="https://travis-ci.com/tiangolo/fastapi.svg?branch=master" alt="Build Status">
+<a href="https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/actions?query=workflow%3ATest" target="_blank">
+    <img src="https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/workflows/Test/badge.svg" alt="Test">
 </a>
 <a href="https://codecov.io/gh/tiangolo/fastapi" target="_blank">
-    <img src="https://img.shields.io/codecov/c/github/tiangolo/fastapi" alt="Coverage">
+    <img src="https://img.shields.io/codecov/c/github/tiangolo/fastapi?color=%2334D058" alt="Coverage">
 </a>
 <a href="https://pypi.org/project/fastapi" target="_blank">
-    <img src="https://badge.fury.io/py/fastapi.svg" alt="Package version">
+    <img src="https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/fastapi?color=%2334D058&label=pypi%20package" alt="Package version">
 </a>
 <a href="https://gitter.im/tiangolo/fastapi?utm_source=badge&utm_medium=badge&utm_campaign=pr-badge&utm_content=badge" target="_blank">
     <img src="https://badges.gitter.im/tiangolo/fastapi.svg" alt="Join the chat at https://gitter.im/tiangolo/fastapi">

docs/en/data/external_links.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,230 @@
+articles:
+  english:
+    - link: https://medium.com/@williamhayes/fastapi-starlette-debug-vs-prod-5f7561db3a59
+      title: FastAPI/Starlette debug vs prod
+      author_link: https://medium.com/@williamhayes
+      author: William Hayes
+    - link: https://medium.com/data-rebels/fastapi-google-as-an-external-authentication-provider-3a527672cf33
+      title: FastAPI — Google as an external authentication provider
+      author_link: https://medium.com/@nilsdebruin
+      author: Nils de Bruin
+    - link: https://medium.com/data-rebels/fastapi-how-to-add-basic-and-cookie-authentication-a45c85ef47d3
+      title: FastAPI — How to add basic and cookie authentication
+      author_link: https://medium.com/@nilsdebruin
+      author: Nils de Bruin
+    - link: https://dev.to/errietta/introduction-to-the-fastapi-python-framework-2n10
+      title: Introduction to the fastapi python framework
+      author_link: https://dev.to/errietta
+      author: Errieta Kostala
+    - link: http://nickc1.github.io/api,/scikit-learn/2019/01/10/scikit-fastapi.html
+      title: "FastAPI and Scikit-Learn: Easily Deploy Models"
+      author_link: http://nickc1.github.io/
+      author: Nick Cortale
+    - link: https://medium.com/data-rebels/fastapi-authentication-revisited-enabling-api-key-authentication-122dc5975680
+      title: "FastAPI authentication revisited: Enabling API key authentication"
+      author_link: https://medium.com/@nilsdebruin
+      author: Nils de Bruin
+    - link: https://medium.com/@nico.axtmann95/deploying-a-scikit-learn-model-with-onnx-und-fastapi-1af398268915
+      title: Deploying a scikit-learn model with ONNX and FastAPI
+      author_link: https://www.linkedin.com/in/nico-axtmann
+      author: Nico Axtmann
+    - link: https://geekflare.com/python-asynchronous-web-frameworks/
+      title: Top 5 Asynchronous Web Frameworks for Python
+      author_link: https://geekflare.com/author/ankush/
+      author: Ankush Thakur
+    - link: https://medium.com/@gntrm/jwt-authentication-with-fastapi-and-aws-cognito-1333f7f2729e
+      title: JWT Authentication with FastAPI and AWS Cognito
+      author_link: https://twitter.com/gntrm
+      author: Johannes Gontrum
+    - link: https://towardsdatascience.com/how-to-deploy-a-machine-learning-model-dc51200fe8cf
+      title: How to Deploy a Machine Learning Model
+      author_link: https://www.linkedin.com/in/mgrootendorst/
+      author: Maarten Grootendorst
+    - link: https://eng.uber.com/ludwig-v0-2/
+      title: "Uber: Ludwig v0.2 Adds New Features and Other Improvements to its Deep Learning Toolbox [including a FastAPI server]"
+      author_link: https://eng.uber.com
+      author: Uber Engineering
+    - link: https://gitlab.com/euri10/fastapi_cheatsheet
+      title: A FastAPI and Swagger UI visual cheatsheet
+      author_link: https://gitlab.com/euri10
+      author: "@euri10"
+    - link: https://medium.com/@mike.p.moritz/using-docker-compose-to-deploy-a-lightweight-python-rest-api-with-a-job-queue-37e6072a209b
+      title: Using Docker Compose to deploy a lightweight Python REST API with a job queue
+      author_link: https://medium.com/@mike.p.moritz
+      author: Mike Moritz
+    - link: https://robwagner.dev/tortoise-fastapi-setup/
+      title: Setting up Tortoise ORM with FastAPI
+      author_link: https://robwagner.dev/
+      author: Rob Wagner
+    - link: https://dev.to/dbanty/why-i-m-leaving-flask-3ki6
+      title: Why I'm Leaving Flask
+      author_link: https://dev.to/dbanty
+      author: Dylan Anthony
+    - link: https://medium.com/python-data/how-to-deploy-tensorflow-2-0-models-as-an-api-service-with-fastapi-docker-128b177e81f3
+      title: How To Deploy Tensorflow 2.0 Models As An API Service With FastAPI & Docker
+      author_link: https://medium.com/@bbrenyah
+      author: Bernard Brenyah
+    - link: https://testdriven.io/blog/fastapi-crud/
+      title: "TestDriven.io: Developing and Testing an Asynchronous API with FastAPI and Pytest"
+      author_link: https://testdriven.io/authors/herman
+      author: Michael Herman
+    - link: https://towardsdatascience.com/deploying-iris-classifications-with-fastapi-and-docker-7c9b83fdec3a
+      title: "Towards Data Science: Deploying Iris Classifications with FastAPI and Docker"
+      author_link: https://towardsdatascience.com/@mandygu
+      author: Mandy Gu
+    - link: https://medium.com/analytics-vidhya/deploy-machine-learning-models-with-keras-fastapi-redis-and-docker-4940df614ece
+      title: Deploy Machine Learning Models with Keras, FastAPI, Redis and Docker
+      author_link: https://medium.com/@shane.soh
+      author: Shane Soh
+    - link: https://medium.com/@arthur393/another-boilerplate-to-fastapi-azure-pipeline-ci-pytest-3c8d9a4be0bb
+      title: "Another Boilerplate to FastAPI: Azure Pipeline CI + Pytest"
+      author_link: https://twitter.com/arthurheinrique
+      author: Arthur Henrique
+    - link: https://iwpnd.pw/articles/2020-01/deploy-fastapi-to-aws-lambda
+      title: How to continuously deploy a FastAPI to AWS Lambda with AWS SAM
+      author_link: https://iwpnd.pw
+      author: Benjamin Ramser
+    - link: https://www.tutlinks.com/create-and-deploy-fastapi-app-to-heroku/
+      title: Create and Deploy FastAPI app to Heroku without using Docker
+      author_link: https://www.linkedin.com/in/navule/
+      author: Navule Pavan Kumar Rao
+    - link: https://iwpnd.pw/articles/2020-03/apache-kafka-fastapi-geostream
+      title: Apache Kafka producer and consumer with FastAPI and aiokafka
+      author_link: https://iwpnd.pw
+      author: Benjamin Ramser
+    - link: https://wuilly.com/2019/10/real-time-notifications-with-python-and-postgres/
+      title: Real-time Notifications with Python and Postgres
+      author_link: https://wuilly.com/
+      author: Guillermo Cruz
+    - link: https://dev.to/paurakhsharma/microservice-in-python-using-fastapi-24cc
+      title: Microservice in Python using FastAPI
+      author_link: https://twitter.com/PaurakhSharma
+      author: Paurakh Sharma Humagain
+    - link: https://dev.to/cuongld2/build-simple-api-service-with-python-fastapi-part-1-581o
+      title: Build simple API service with Python FastAPI — Part 1
+      author_link: https://dev.to/cuongld2
+      author: cuongld2
+    - link: https://paulsec.github.io/posts/fastapi_plus_zeit_serverless_fu/
+      title: FastAPI + Zeit.co = 🚀
+      author_link: https://twitter.com/PaulWebSec
+      author: Paul Sec
+    - link: https://dev.to/tiangolo/build-a-web-api-from-scratch-with-fastapi-the-workshop-2ehe
+      title: Build a web API from scratch with FastAPI - the workshop
+      author_link: https://twitter.com/tiangolo
+      author: Sebastián Ramírez (tiangolo)
+    - link: https://www.twilio.com/blog/build-secure-twilio-webhook-python-fastapi
+      title: Build a Secure Twilio Webhook with Python and FastAPI
+      author_link: https://www.twilio.com
+      author: Twilio
+    - link: https://www.stavros.io/posts/fastapi-with-django/
+      title: Using FastAPI with Django
+      author_link: https://twitter.com/Stavros
+      author: Stavros Korokithakis
+    - link: https://netflixtechblog.com/introducing-dispatch-da4b8a2a8072
+      title: Introducing Dispatch
+      author_link: https://netflixtechblog.com/
+      author: Netflix
+    - link: https://davidefiocco.github.io/2020/06/27/streamlit-fastapi-ml-serving.html
+      title: Machine learning model serving in Python using FastAPI and streamlit
+      author_link: https://github.com/davidefiocco
+      author: Davide Fiocco
+    - link: https://www.tutlinks.com/deploy-fastapi-on-azure/
+      title: Deploy FastAPI on Azure App Service
+      author_link: https://www.linkedin.com/in/navule/
+      author: Navule Pavan Kumar Rao
+    - link: https://towardsdatascience.com/build-and-host-fast-data-science-applications-using-fastapi-823be8a1d6a0
+      title: Build And Host Fast Data Science Applications Using FastAPI
+      author_link: https://medium.com/@farhadmalik
+      author: Farhad Malik
+  japanese:
+    - link: https://qiita.com/mtitg/items/47770e9a562dd150631d
+      title: FastAPI｜DB接続してCRUDするPython製APIサーバーを構築
+      author_link: https://qiita.com/mtitg
+      author: "@mtitg"
+    - link: https://qiita.com/ryoryomaru/items/59958ed385b3571d50de
+      title: python製の最新APIフレームワーク FastAPI を触ってみた
+      author_link: https://qiita.com/ryoryomaru
+      author: "@ryoryomaru"
+    - link: https://qiita.com/angel_katayoku/items/0e1f5dbbe62efc612a78
+      title: FastAPIでCORSを回避
+      author_link: https://qiita.com/angel_katayoku
+      author: "@angel_katayoku"
+    - link: https://qiita.com/angel_katayoku/items/4fbc1a4e2b33fa2237d2
+      title: FastAPIをMySQLと接続してDockerで管理してみる
+      author_link: https://qiita.com/angel_katayoku
+      author: "@angel_katayoku"
+    - link: https://qiita.com/angel_katayoku/items/8a458a8952f50b73f420
+      title: FastAPIでPOSTされたJSONのレスポンスbodyを受け取る
+      author_link: https://qiita.com/angel_katayoku
+      author: "@angel_katayoku"
+    - link: https://qiita.com/hikarut/items/b178af2e2440c67c6ac4
+      title: フロントエンド開発者向けのDockerによるPython開発環境構築
+      author_link: https://qiita.com/hikarut
+      author: Hikaru Takahashi
+    - link: https://rightcode.co.jp/blog/information-technology/fastapi-tutorial-todo-apps-environment
+      title: "【第1回】FastAPIチュートリアル: ToDoアプリを作ってみよう【環境構築編】"
+      author_link: https://rightcode.co.jp/author/jun
+      author: ライトコードメディア編集部
+    - link: https://rightcode.co.jp/blog/information-technology/fastapi-tutorial-todo-apps-model-building
+      title: "【第2回】FastAPIチュートリアル: ToDoアプリを作ってみよう【モデル構築編】"
+      author_link: https://rightcode.co.jp/author/jun
+      author: ライトコードメディア編集部
+    - link: https://rightcode.co.jp/blog/information-technology/fastapi-tutorial-todo-apps-authentication-user-registration
+      title: "【第3回】FastAPIチュートリアル: toDoアプリを作ってみよう【認証・ユーザ登録編】"
+      author_link: https://rightcode.co.jp/author/jun
+      author: ライトコードメディア編集部
+    - link: https://rightcode.co.jp/blog/information-technology/fastapi-tutorial-todo-apps-admin-page-improvement
+      title: "【第4回】FastAPIチュートリアル: toDoアプリを作ってみよう【管理者ページ改良編】"
+      author_link: https://rightcode.co.jp/author/jun
+      author: ライトコードメディア編集部
+    - link: https://qiita.com/bee2/items/0ad260ab9835a2087dae
+      title: PythonのWeb frameworkのパフォーマンス比較 (Django, Flask, responder, FastAPI, japronto)
+      author_link: https://qiita.com/bee2
+      author: "@bee2"
+    - link: https://qiita.com/bee2/items/75d9c0d7ba20e7a4a0e9
+      title: "[FastAPI] Python製のASGI Web フレームワーク FastAPIに入門する"
+      author_link: https://qiita.com/bee2
+      author: "@bee2"
+  vietnamese:
+    - link: https://fullstackstation.com/fastapi-trien-khai-bang-docker/
+      title: "FASTAPI: TRIỂN KHAI BẰNG DOCKER"
+      author_link: https://fullstackstation.com/author/figonking/
+      author: Nguyễn Nhân
+  russian:
+    - link: https://habr.com/ru/post/454440/
+      title: "Мелкая питонячая радость #2: Starlette - Солидная примочка – FastAPI"
+      author_link: https://habr.com/ru/users/57uff3r/
+      author: Andrey Korchak
+    - link: https://habr.com/ru/post/478620/
+      title: Почему Вы должны попробовать FastAPI?
+      author_link: https://github.com/prostomarkeloff
+      author: prostomarkeloff
+  german:
+    - link: https://blog.codecentric.de/2019/08/inbetriebnahme-eines-scikit-learn-modells-mit-onnx-und-fastapi/
+      title: Inbetriebnahme eines scikit-learn-Modells mit ONNX und FastAPI
+      author_link: https://twitter.com/_nicoax
+      author: Nico Axtmann
+podcasts:
+  english:
+    - link: https://pythonbytes.fm/episodes/show/123/time-to-right-the-py-wrongs?time_in_sec=855
+      title: FastAPI on PythonBytes
+      author_link: https://pythonbytes.fm/
+      author: Python Bytes FM
+    - link: https://www.pythonpodcast.com/fastapi-web-application-framework-episode-259/
+      title: "Build The Next Generation Of Python Web Applications With FastAPI - Episode 259 - interview to Sebastían Ramírez (tiangolo)"
+      author_link: https://www.pythonpodcast.com/
+      author: Podcast.`__init__`
+talks:
+  english:
+    - link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3DLwPcrE5mA
+      title: "PyCon UK 2019: FastAPI from the ground up"
+      author_link: https://twitter.com/chriswithers13
+      author: Chris Withers
+    - link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z9K5pwb0rt8
+      title: "PyConBY 2020: Serve ML models easily with FastAPI"
+      author_link: https://twitter.com/tiangolo
+      author: "Sebastián Ramírez (tiangolo)"
+    - link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PnpTY1f4k2U
+      title: "[VIRTUAL] Py.Amsterdam's flying Software Circus: Intro to FastAPI"
+      author_link: https://twitter.com/tiangolo
+      author: "Sebastián Ramírez (tiangolo)"

docs/en/docs/advanced/async-tests.md

@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+# Async Tests
+
+You have already seen how to test your **FastAPI** applications using the provided `TestClient`, but with it, you can't test or run any other `async` function in your (synchronous) pytest functions.
+
+Being able to use asynchronous functions in your tests could be useful, for example, when you're querying your database asynchronously. Imagine you want to test sending requests to your FastAPI application and then verify that your backend successfully wrote the correct data in the database, while using an async database library.
+
+Let's look at how we can make that work.
+
+## pytest-asyncio
+
+If we want to call asynchronous functions in our tests, our test functions have to be asynchronous. Pytest provides a neat library for this, called `pytest-asyncio`, that allows us to specify that some test functions are to be called asynchronously.
+
+You can install it via:
+
+<div class="termy">
+
+```console
+$ pip install pytest-asyncio
+
+---> 100%
+```
+
+</div>
+
+## HTTPX
+
+Even if your **FastAPI** application uses normal `def` functions instead of `async def`, it is still an `async` application underneath.
+
+The `TestClient` does some magic inside to call the asynchronous FastAPI application in your normal `def` test functions, using standard pytest. But that magic doesn't work anymore when we're using it inside asynchronous functions. By running our tests asynchronously, we can no longer use the `TestClient` inside our test functions.
+
+Luckily there's a nice alternative, called <a href="https://www.python-httpx.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">HTTPX</a>.
+
+HTTPX is an HTTP client for Python 3 that allows us to query our FastAPI application similarly to how we did it with the `TestClient`.
+
+If you're familiar with the <a href="https://requests.readthedocs.io/en/master/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Requests</a> library, you'll find that the API of HTTPX is almost identical.
+
+The important difference for us is that with HTTPX we are not limited to synchronous, but can also make asynchronous requests.
+
+## Example
+
+For a simple example, let's consider the following `main.py` module:
+
+```Python
+{!../../../docs_src/async_tests/main.py!}
+```
+
+The `test_main.py` module that contains the tests for `main.py` could look like this now:
+
+```Python
+{!../../../docs_src/async_tests/test_main.py!}
+```
+
+## Run it
+
+You can run your tests as usual via:
+
+<div class="termy">
+
+```console
+$ pytest
+
+---> 100%
+```
+
+</div>
+
+## In Detail
+
+The marker `@pytest.mark.asyncio` tells pytest that this test function should be called asynchronously:
+
+```Python hl_lines="7"
+{!../../../docs_src/async_tests/test_main.py!}
+```
+
+!!! tip
+    Note that the test function is now `async def` instead of just `def` as before when using the `TestClient`.
+
+Then we can create an `AsyncClient` with the app, and send async requests to it, using `await`.
+
+```Python hl_lines="9 10"
+{!../../../docs_src/async_tests/test_main.py!}
+```
+
+This is the equivalent to:
+
+```Python
+response = client.get('/')
+```
+
+that we used to make our requests with the `TestClient`.
+
+!!! tip
+    Note that we're using async/await with the new `AsyncClient` - the request is asynchronous.
+
+## Other Asynchronous Function Calls
+
+As the testing function is now asynchronous, you can now also call (and `await`) other `async` functions apart from sending requests to your FastAPI application in your tests, exactly as you would call them anywhere else in your code.
+
+!!! tip
+    If you encounter a `RuntimeError: Task attached to a different loop` when integrating asynchronous function calls in your tests (e.g. when using <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/41584243/runtimeerror-task-attached-to-a-different-loop" class="external-link" target="_blank">MongoDB's MotorClient</a>) check out <a href="https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest-asyncio/issues/38#issuecomment-264418154" class="external-link" target="_blank">this issue</a> in the pytest-asyncio repository.

docs/en/docs/advanced/behind-a-proxy.md

@@ -42,16 +42,19 @@ proxy --> server
 !!! tip
     The IP `0.0.0.0` is commonly used to mean that the program listens on all the IPs available in that machine/server.
 
-The docs UI would also need that the JSON payload with the OpenAPI schema has the path defined as `/api/v1/app` (behind the proxy) instead of `/app`. For example, something like:
+The docs UI would also need the OpenAPI schema to declare that this API `server` is located at `/api/v1` (behind the proxy). For example:
 
-```JSON hl_lines="5"
+```JSON hl_lines="4 5 6 7 8"
 {
     "openapi": "3.0.2",
     // More stuff here
-    "paths": {
-        "/api/v1/app": {
-            // More stuff here
+    "servers": [
+        {
+            "url": "/api/v1"
         }
+    ],
+    "paths": {
+            // More stuff here
     }
 }
 ```
@@ -235,7 +238,7 @@ Now, if you go to the URL with the port for Uvicorn: <a href="http://127.0.0.1:8
 !!! tip
     Notice that even though you are accessing it at `http://127.0.0.1:8000/app` it shows the `root_path` of `/api/v1`, taken from the option `--root-path`.
 
-And now open the URL with the port for Traefik, including the path prefix: <a href="http://127.0.0.1:9999/api/v1/app" class="external-link" target="_blank">http://127.0.0.1:9999/api/vi/app</a>.
+And now open the URL with the port for Traefik, including the path prefix: <a href="http://127.0.0.1:9999/api/v1/app" class="external-link" target="_blank">http://127.0.0.1:9999/api/v1/app</a>.
 
 We get the same response:
 
@@ -264,16 +267,78 @@ You can check it at <a href="http://127.0.0.1:8000/docs" class="external-link" t
 
 <img src="/img/tutorial/behind-a-proxy/image01.png">
 
-But if we access the docs UI at the "official" URL using the proxy, at `/api/v1/docs`, it works correctly! 🎉
-
-Right as we wanted it. ✔️
-
-This is because FastAPI uses this `root_path` internally to tell the docs UI to use the URL for OpenAPI with the path prefix provided by `root_path`.
+But if we access the docs UI at the "official" URL using the proxy with port `9999`, at `/api/v1/docs`, it works correctly! 🎉
 
 You can check it at <a href="http://127.0.0.1:9999/api/v1/docs" class="external-link" target="_blank">http://127.0.0.1:9999/api/v1/docs</a>:
 
 <img src="/img/tutorial/behind-a-proxy/image02.png">
 
+Right as we wanted it. ✔️
+
+This is because FastAPI uses this `root_path` to create the default `server` in OpenAPI with the URL provided by `root_path`.
+
+## Additional servers
+
+!!! warning
+    This is a more advanced use case. Feel free to skip it.
+
+By default, **FastAPI** will create a `server` in the OpenAPI schema with the URL for the `root_path`.
+
+But you can also provide other alternative `servers`, for example if you want *the same* docs UI to interact with a staging and production environments.
+
+If you pass a custom list of `servers` and there's a `root_path` (because your API lives behind a proxy), **FastAPI** will insert a "server" with this `root_path` at the beginning of the list.
+
+For example:
+
+```Python hl_lines="4 5 6 7"
+{!../../../docs_src/behind_a_proxy/tutorial003.py!}
+```
+
+Will generate an OpenAPI schema like:
+
+```JSON hl_lines="5 6 7"
+{
+    "openapi": "3.0.2",
+    // More stuff here
+    "servers": [
+        {
+            "url": "/api/v1"
+        },
+        {
+            "url": "https://stag.example.com",
+            "description": "Staging environment"
+        },
+        {
+            "url": "https://prod.example.com",
+            "description": "Production environment"
+        }
+    ],
+    "paths": {
+            // More stuff here
+    }
+}
+```
+
+!!! tip
+    Notice the auto-generated server with a `url` value of `/api/v1`, taken from the `root_path`.
+
+In the docs UI at <a href="http://127.0.0.1:9999/api/v1/docs" class="external-link" target="_blank">http://127.0.0.1:9999/api/v1/docs</a> it would look like:
+
+<img src="/img/tutorial/behind-a-proxy/image03.png">
+
+!!! tip
+    The docs UI will interact with the server that you select.
+
+### Disable automatic server from `root_path`
+
+If you don't want **FastAPI** to include an automatic server using the `root_path`, you can use the parameter `root_path_in_servers=False`:
+
+```Python hl_lines="9"
+{!../../../docs_src/behind_a_proxy/tutorial004.py!}
+```
+
+and then it won't include it in the OpenAPI schema.
+
 ## Mounting a sub-application
 
 If you need to mount a sub-application (as described in [Sub Applications - Mounts](./sub-applications.md){.internal-link target=_blank}) while also using a proxy with `root_path`, you can do it normally, as you would expect.

docs/en/docs/advanced/extending-openapi.md

@@ -32,7 +32,6 @@ And that function `get_openapi()` receives as parameters:
 * `openapi_version`: The version of the OpenAPI specification used. By default, the latest: `3.0.2`.
 * `description`: The description of your API.
 * `routes`: A list of routes, these are each of the registered *path operations*. They are taken from `app.routes`.
-* `openapi_prefix`: The URL prefix to be used in your OpenAPI.
 
 ## Overriding the defaults
 
@@ -52,22 +51,15 @@ First, write all your **FastAPI** application as normally:
 
 Then, use the same utility function to generate the OpenAPI schema, inside a `custom_openapi()` function:
 
-```Python hl_lines="2  15 16 17 18 19 20 21"
+```Python hl_lines="2  15 16 17 18 19 20"
 {!../../../docs_src/extending_openapi/tutorial001.py!}
 ```
 
-!!! tip
-    The `openapi_prefix` will contain any prefix needed for the generated OpenAPI *path operations*.
-
-    FastAPI will automatically use the `root_path` to pass it in the `openapi_prefix`.
-
-    But the important thing is that your function should receive that parameter `openapi_prefix` and pass it along.
-
 ### Modify the OpenAPI schema
 
 Now you can add the ReDoc extension, adding a custom `x-logo` to the `info` "object" in the OpenAPI schema:
 
-```Python hl_lines="22 23 24"
+```Python hl_lines="21 22 23"
 {!../../../docs_src/extending_openapi/tutorial001.py!}
 ```
 
@@ -79,7 +71,7 @@ That way, your application won't have to generate the schema every time a user o
 
 It will be generated only once, and then the same cached schema will be used for the next requests.
 
-```Python hl_lines="13 14  25 26"
+```Python hl_lines="13 14  24 25"
 {!../../../docs_src/extending_openapi/tutorial001.py!}
 ```
 
@@ -87,7 +79,7 @@ It will be generated only once, and then the same cached schema will be used for
 
 Now you can replace the `.openapi()` method with your new function.
 
-```Python hl_lines="29"
+```Python hl_lines="28"
 {!../../../docs_src/extending_openapi/tutorial001.py!}
 ```
 

docs/en/docs/advanced/nosql-databases.md

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ You can adapt it to any other NoSQL database like:
 
 For now, don't pay attention to the rest, only the imports:
 
-```Python hl_lines="6 7 8"
+```Python hl_lines="3 4 5"
 {!../../../docs_src/nosql_databases/tutorial001.py!}
 ```
 
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ We will use it later as a fixed field `type` in our documents.
 
 This is not required by Couchbase, but is a good practice that will help you afterwards.
 
-```Python hl_lines="10"
+```Python hl_lines="9"
 {!../../../docs_src/nosql_databases/tutorial001.py!}
 ```
 
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ This utility function will:
     * Set defaults for timeouts.
 * Return it.
 
-```Python hl_lines="13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22"
+```Python hl_lines="12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21"
 {!../../../docs_src/nosql_databases/tutorial001.py!}
 ```
 
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ As **Couchbase** "documents" are actually just "JSON objects", we can model them
 
 First, let's create a `User` model:
 
-```Python hl_lines="25 26 27 28 29"
+```Python hl_lines="24 25 26 27 28"
 {!../../../docs_src/nosql_databases/tutorial001.py!}
 ```
 
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ This will have the data that is actually stored in the database.
 
 We don't create it as a subclass of Pydantic's `BaseModel` but as a subclass of our own `User`, because it will have all the attributes in `User` plus a couple more:
 
-```Python hl_lines="32 33 34"
+```Python hl_lines="31 32 33"
 {!../../../docs_src/nosql_databases/tutorial001.py!}
 ```
 
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ Now create a function that will:
 
 By creating a function that is only dedicated to getting your user from a `username` (or any other parameter) independent of your *path operation function*, you can more easily re-use it in multiple parts and also add <abbr title="Automated test, written in code, that checks if another piece of code is working correctly.">unit tests</abbr> for it:
 
-```Python hl_lines="37 38 39 40 41 42 43"
+```Python hl_lines="36 37 38 39 40 41 42"
 {!../../../docs_src/nosql_databases/tutorial001.py!}
 ```
 
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ UserInDB(username="johndoe", hashed_password="some_hash")
 
 ### Create the `FastAPI` app
 
-```Python hl_lines="47"
+```Python hl_lines="46"
 {!../../../docs_src/nosql_databases/tutorial001.py!}
 ```
 
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ As our code is calling Couchbase and we are not using the <a href="https://docs.
 
 Also, Couchbase recommends not using a single `Bucket` object in multiple "<abbr title="A sequence of code being executed by the program, while at the same time, or at intervals, there can be others being executed too.">thread</abbr>s", so, we can get just get the bucket directly and pass it to our utility functions:
 
-```Python hl_lines="50 51 52 53 54"
+```Python hl_lines="49 50 51 52 53"
 {!../../../docs_src/nosql_databases/tutorial001.py!}
 ```
 

docs/en/docs/advanced/security/oauth2-scopes.md

@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ They are normally used to declare specific security permissions, for example:
 
 First, let's quickly see the parts that change from the examples in the main **Tutorial - User Guide** for [OAuth2 with Password (and hashing), Bearer with JWT tokens](../../tutorial/security/oauth2-jwt.md){.internal-link target=_blank}. Now using OAuth2 scopes:
 
-```Python hl_lines="2  5  9  13  47  65  106  108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116  122 123 124 125  129 130 131 132 133 134 135  140  154"
+```Python hl_lines="2  4  8  12  46  64  105  107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115  121 122 123 124  128 129 130 131 132 133 134  139  153"
 {!../../../docs_src/security/tutorial005.py!}
 ```
 
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ The first change is that now we are declaring the OAuth2 security scheme with tw
 
 The `scopes` parameter receives a `dict` with each scope as a key and the description as the value:
 
-```Python hl_lines="63 64 65 66"
+```Python hl_lines="62 63 64 65"
 {!../../../docs_src/security/tutorial005.py!}
 ```
 
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ And we return the scopes as part of the JWT token.
 
     But in your application, for security, you should make sure you only add the scopes that the user is actually able to have, or the ones you have predefined.
 
-```Python hl_lines="155"
+```Python hl_lines="153"
 {!../../../docs_src/security/tutorial005.py!}
 ```
 
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ In this case, it requires the scope `me` (it could require more than one scope).
     
     We are doing it here to demonstrate how **FastAPI** handles scopes declared at different levels.
 
-```Python hl_lines="5  140  167"
+```Python hl_lines="4  139  166"
 {!../../../docs_src/security/tutorial005.py!}
 ```
 
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ We also declare a special parameter of type `SecurityScopes`, imported from `fas
 
 This `SecurityScopes` class is similar to `Request` (`Request` was used to get the request object directly).
 
-```Python hl_lines="9  106"
+```Python hl_lines="8  105"
 {!../../../docs_src/security/tutorial005.py!}
 ```
 
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ We create an `HTTPException` that we can re-use (`raise`) later at several point
 
 In this exception, we include the scopes required (if any) as a string separated by spaces (using `scope_str`). We put that string containing the scopes in in the `WWW-Authenticate` header (this is part of the spec).
 
-```Python hl_lines="106  108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116"
+```Python hl_lines="105  107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115"
 {!../../../docs_src/security/tutorial005.py!}
 ```
 
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ Instead of, for example, a `dict`, or something else, as it could break the appl
 
 We also verify that we have a user with that username, and if not, we raise that same exception we created before.
 
-```Python hl_lines="47  117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128"
+```Python hl_lines="46  116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127"
 {!../../../docs_src/security/tutorial005.py!}
 ```
 
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ We now verify that all the scopes required, by this dependency and all the depen
 
 For this, we use `security_scopes.scopes`, that contains a `list` with all these scopes as `str`.
 
-```Python hl_lines="129 130 131 132 133 134 135"
+```Python hl_lines="128 129 130 131 132 133 134"
 {!../../../docs_src/security/tutorial005.py!}
 ```
 

docs/en/docs/advanced/templates.md

@@ -39,13 +39,16 @@ $ pip install aiofiles
 * Declare a `Request` parameter in the *path operation* that will return a template.
 * Use the `templates` you created to render and return a `TemplateResponse`, passing the `request` as one of the key-value pairs in the Jinja2 "context".
 
-```Python hl_lines="3  10  14 15"
+```Python hl_lines="4  11  15 16"
 {!../../../docs_src/templates/tutorial001.py!}
 ```
 
 !!! note
     Notice that you have to pass the `request` as part of the key-value pairs in the context for Jinja2. So, you also have to declare it in your *path operation*.
 
+!!! tip
+    By declaring `response_class=HTMLResponse` the docs UI will be able to know that the response will be HTML.
+
 !!! note "Technical Details"
     You could also use `from starlette.templating import Jinja2Templates`.
 

docs/en/docs/advanced/testing-websockets.md

@@ -7,3 +7,6 @@ For this, you use the `TestClient` in a `with` statement, connecting to the WebS
 ```Python hl_lines="27 28 29 30 31"
 {!../../../docs_src/app_testing/tutorial002.py!}
 ```
+
+!!! note
+    For more details, check Starlette's documentation for <a href="https://www.starlette.io/testclient/#testing-websocket-sessions" class="external-link" target="_blank">testing WebSockets</a>.

docs/en/docs/contributing.md

@@ -499,13 +499,3 @@ $ bash scripts/test-cov-html.sh
 </div>
 
 This command generates a directory `./htmlcov/`, if you open the file `./htmlcov/index.html` in your browser, you can explore interactively the regions of code that are covered by the tests, and notice if there is any region missing.
-
-### Tests in your editor
-
-If you want to use the integrated tests in your editor add `./docs_src` to your `PYTHONPATH` variable.
-
-For example, in VS Code you can create a file `.env` with:
-
-```env
-PYTHONPATH=./docs_src
-```

docs/en/docs/external-links.md

@@ -7,127 +7,72 @@ There are many posts, articles, tools, and projects, related to **FastAPI**.
 Here's an incomplete list of some of them.
 
 !!! tip
-    If you have an article, project, tool, or anything related to **FastAPI** that is not yet listed here, create a <a href="https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/edit/master/docs/external-links.md" class="external-link" target="_blank">Pull Request adding it</a>.
+    If you have an article, project, tool, or anything related to **FastAPI** that is not yet listed here, create a <a href="https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/edit/master/docs/en/data/external_links.yml" class="external-link" target="_blank">Pull Request adding it</a>.
 
 ## Articles
 
 ### English
 
-* <a href="https://medium.com/@williamhayes/fastapi-starlette-debug-vs-prod-5f7561db3a59" class="external-link" target="_blank">FastAPI/Starlette debug vs prod</a> by <a href="https://medium.com/@williamhayes" class="external-link" target="_blank">William Hayes</a>.
+{% if external_links %}
+{% for article in external_links.articles.english %}
 
-* <a href="https://medium.com/data-rebels/fastapi-google-as-an-external-authentication-provider-3a527672cf33" class="external-link" target="_blank">FastAPI — Google as an external authentication provider</a> by <a href="https://medium.com/@nils_29588" class="external-link" target="_blank">Nils de Bruin</a>.
-
-* <a href="https://medium.com/data-rebels/fastapi-how-to-add-basic-and-cookie-authentication-a45c85ef47d3" class="external-link" target="_blank">FastAPI — How to add basic and cookie authentication</a> by <a href="https://medium.com/@nils_29588" class="external-link" target="_blank">Nils de Bruin</a>.
-
-* <a href="https://dev.to/errietta/introduction-to-the-fastapi-python-framework-2n10" class="external-link" target="_blank">Introduction to the fastapi python framework</a> by <a href="https://dev.to/errietta" class="external-link" target="_blank">Errieta Kostala</a>.
-
-* <a href="http://nickc1.github.io/api,/scikit-learn/2019/01/10/scikit-fastapi.html" class="external-link" target="_blank">FastAPI and Scikit-Learn: Easily Deploy Models</a> by <a href="http://nickc1.github.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Nick Cortale</a>.
-
-* <a href="https://medium.com/data-rebels/fastapi-authentication-revisited-enabling-api-key-authentication-122dc5975680" class="external-link" target="_blank">FastAPI authentication revisited: Enabling API key authentication</a> by <a href="https://medium.com/@nils_29588" class="external-link" target="_blank">Nils de Bruin</a>.
-
-* <a href="https://medium.com/@nico.axtmann95/deploying-a-scikit-learn-model-with-onnx-und-fastapi-1af398268915" class="external-link" target="_blank">Deploying a scikit-learn model with ONNX and FastAPI</a> by <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/nico-axtmann" class="external-link" target="_blank">Nico Axtmann</a>.
-
-* <a href="https://geekflare.com/python-asynchronous-web-frameworks/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Top 5 Asynchronous Web Frameworks for Python</a> by <a href="https://geekflare.com/author/ankush/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Ankush Thakur</a> on <a href="https://geekflare.com" class="external-link" target="_blank">GeekFlare</a>.
-
-* <a href="https://medium.com/@gntrm/jwt-authentication-with-fastapi-and-aws-cognito-1333f7f2729e" class="external-link" target="_blank">JWT Authentication with FastAPI and AWS Cognito</a> by <a href="https://twitter.com/gntrm" class="external-link" target="_blank">Johannes Gontrum</a>.
-
-* <a href="https://towardsdatascience.com/how-to-deploy-a-machine-learning-model-dc51200fe8cf" class="external-link" target="_blank">How to Deploy a Machine Learning Model</a> by <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/mgrootendorst/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Maarten Grootendorst</a> on <a href="https://towardsdatascience.com/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Towards Data Science</a>.
-
-* [Uber: Ludwig v0.2 Adds New Features and Other Improvements to its Deep Learning Toolbox [including a FastAPI server]](https://eng.uber.com/ludwig-v0-2/){.external-link target=_blank} on <a href="https://eng.uber.com" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uber Engineering</a>.
-
-* <a href="https://gitlab.com/euri10/fastapi_cheatsheet" class="external-link" target="_blank">A FastAPI and Swagger UI visual cheatsheet</a> by <a href="https://gitlab.com/euri10" class="external-link" target="_blank">@euri10</a>
-
-* <a href="https://medium.com/@mike.p.moritz/using-docker-compose-to-deploy-a-lightweight-python-rest-api-with-a-job-queue-37e6072a209b" class="external-link" target="_blank">Using Docker Compose to deploy a lightweight Python REST API with a job queue</a> by <a href="https://medium.com/@mike.p.moritz" class="external-link" target="_blank">Mike Moritz</a>.
-
-* <a href="https://robwagner.dev/tortoise-fastapi-setup/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Setting up Tortoise ORM with FastAPI</a> by <a href="https://robwagner.dev/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Rob Wagner</a>.
-
-* <a href="https://dev.to/dbanty/why-i-m-leaving-flask-3ki6" class="external-link" target="_blank">Why I'm Leaving Flask</a> by <a href="https://dev.to/dbanty" class="external-link" target="_blank">Dylan Anthony</a>.
-
-* <a href="https://medium.com/python-data/how-to-deploy-tensorflow-2-0-models-as-an-api-service-with-fastapi-docker-128b177e81f3" class="external-link" target="_blank">How To Deploy Tensorflow 2.0 Models As An API Service With FastAPI & Docker</a> by <a href="https://medium.com/@bbrenyah" class="external-link" target="_blank">Bernard Brenyah</a>.
-
-* <a href="https://testdriven.io/blog/fastapi-crud/" class="external-link" target="_blank">TestDriven.io: Developing and Testing an Asynchronous API with FastAPI and Pytest</a> by <a href="https://testdriven.io/authors/herman/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Michael Herman</a>.
-
-* <a href="https://towardsdatascience.com/deploying-iris-classifications-with-fastapi-and-docker-7c9b83fdec3a" class="external-link" target="_blank">Towards Data Science: Deploying Iris Classifications with FastAPI and Docker</a> by <a href="https://towardsdatascience.com/@mandygu" class="external-link" target="_blank">Mandy Gu</a>.
-
-* <a href="https://medium.com/analytics-vidhya/deploy-machine-learning-models-with-keras-fastapi-redis-and-docker-4940df614ece" class="external-link" target="_blank">Deploy Machine Learning Models with Keras, FastAPI, Redis and Docker</a> by <a href="https://medium.com/@shane.soh" class="external-link" target="_blank">Shane Soh</a>.
-
-* <a href="https://medium.com/@arthur393/another-boilerplate-to-fastapi-azure-pipeline-ci-pytest-3c8d9a4be0bb" class="external-link" target="_blank">Another Boilerplate to FastAPI: Azure Pipeline CI + Pytest</a> by <a href="https://twitter.com/arthurheinrique" class="external-link" target="_blank">Arthur Henrique</a>.
-
-* <a href="https://iwpnd.pw/articles/2020-01/deploy-fastapi-to-aws-lambda" class="external-link" target="_blank">How to continuously deploy a FastAPI to AWS Lambda with AWS SAM</a> by <a href="https://iwpnd.pw" class="external-link" target="_blank">Benjamin Ramser</a>.
-
-* <a href="https://www.tutlinks.com/create-and-deploy-fastapi-app-to-heroku/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Create and Deploy FastAPI app to Heroku without using Docker</a> by <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/navule/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Navule Pavan Kumar Rao</a>.
-
-* <a href="https://iwpnd.pw/articles/2020-03/apache-kafka-fastapi-geostream" class="external-link" target="_blank">Apache Kafka producer and consumer with FastAPI and aiokafka</a> by <a href="https://iwpnd.pw" class="external-link" target="_blank">Benjamin Ramser</a>.
-
-* <a href="https://wuilly.com/2019/10/real-time-notifications-with-python-and-postgres/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Real-time Notifications with Python and Postgres</a> by <a href="https://wuilly.com/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Guillermo Cruz</a>.
-
-* <a href="https://dev.to/paurakhsharma/microservice-in-python-using-fastapi-24cc" class="external-link" target="_blank">Microservice in Python using FastAPI</a> by <a href="https://twitter.com/PaurakhSharma" class="external-link" target="_blank">Paurakh Sharma Humagain</a>.
-
-* <a href="https://dev.to/cuongld2/build-simple-api-service-with-python-fastapi-part-1-581o" class="external-link" target="_blank">Build simple API service with Python FastAPI — Part 1</a> by <a href="https://dev.to/cuongld2" class="external-link" target="_blank">cuongld2</a>.
-
-* <a href="https://paulsec.github.io/posts/fastapi_plus_zeit_serverless_fu/" class="external-link" target="_blank">FastAPI + Zeit.co = 🚀
-</a> by <a href="https://twitter.com/PaulWebSec" class="external-link" target="_blank">Paul Sec</a>.
-
-* <a href="https://dev.to/tiangolo/build-a-web-api-from-scratch-with-fastapi-the-workshop-2ehe" class="external-link" target="_blank">Build a web API from scratch with FastAPI - the workshop</a> by <a href="https://twitter.com/tiangolo" class="external-link" target="_blank">Sebastián Ramírez (tiangolo)</a>.
-
-* <a href="https://www.twilio.com/blog/build-secure-twilio-webhook-python-fastapi" class="external-link" target="_blank">Build a Secure Twilio Webhook with Python and FastAPI</a> by <a href="https://www.twilio.com" class="external-link" target="_blank">Twilio</a>.
-
-* <a href="https://www.stavros.io/posts/fastapi-with-django/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Using FastAPI with Django</a> by <a href="https://twitter.com/Stavros" class="external-link" target="_blank">Stavros Korokithakis</a>.
-
-* <a href="https://netflixtechblog.com/introducing-dispatch-da4b8a2a8072" class="external-link" target="_blank">Introducing Dispatch</a> by <a href="https://netflixtechblog.com/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Netflix</a>.
+* <a href="{{ article.link }}" class="external-link" target="_blank">{{ article.title }}</a> by <a href="{{ article.author_link }}" class="external-link" target="_blank">{{ article.author }}</a>.
+{% endfor %}
+{% endif %}
 
 ### Japanese
 
-* <a href="https://qiita.com/mtitg/items/47770e9a562dd150631d" class="external-link" target="_blank">FastAPI｜DB接続してCRUDするPython製APIサーバーを構築</a> by <a href="https://qiita.com/mtitg" class="external-link" target="_blank">@mtitg</a>.
+{% if external_links %}
+{% for article in external_links.articles.japanese %}
 
-* <a href="https://qiita.com/ryoryomaru/items/59958ed385b3571d50de" class="external-link" target="_blank">python製の最新APIフレームワーク FastAPI を触ってみた</a> by <a href="https://qiita.com/ryoryomaru" class="external-link" target="_blank">@ryoryomaru</a>.
-
-* <a href="https://qiita.com/angel_katayoku/items/0e1f5dbbe62efc612a78" class="external-link" target="_blank">FastAPIでCORSを回避</a> by <a href="https://qiita.com/angel_katayoku" class="external-link" target="_blank">@angel_katayoku</a>.
-
-* <a href="https://qiita.com/angel_katayoku/items/4fbc1a4e2b33fa2237d2" class="external-link" target="_blank">FastAPIをMySQLと接続してDockerで管理してみる</a> by <a href="https://qiita.com/angel_katayoku" class="external-link" target="_blank">@angel_katayoku</a>.
-
-* <a href="https://qiita.com/angel_katayoku/items/8a458a8952f50b73f420" class="external-link" target="_blank">FastAPIでPOSTされたJSONのレスポンスbodyを受け取る</a> by <a href="https://qiita.com/angel_katayoku" class="external-link" target="_blank">@angel_katayoku</a>.
-
-* <a href="https://qiita.com/hikarut/items/b178af2e2440c67c6ac4" class="external-link" target="_blank">フロントエンド開発者向けのDockerによるPython開発環境構築</a> by <a href="https://qiita.com/hikarut" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hikaru Takahashi</a>.
-
-* <a href="https://rightcode.co.jp/blog/information-technology/fastapi-tutorial-todo-apps-environment" class="external-link" target="_blank">【第1回】FastAPIチュートリアル: ToDoアプリを作ってみよう【環境構築編】</a> by <a href="https://rightcode.co.jp/author/jun" class="external-link" target="_blank">ライトコードメディア編集部</a>
-
-* <a href="https://rightcode.co.jp/blog/information-technology/fastapi-tutorial-todo-apps-model-building" class="external-link" target="_blank">【第2回】FastAPIチュートリアル: ToDoアプリを作ってみよう【モデル構築編】</a> by <a href="https://rightcode.co.jp/author/jun" class="external-link" target="_blank">ライトコードメディア編集部</a>
-
-* <a href="https://rightcode.co.jp/blog/information-technology/fastapi-tutorial-todo-apps-authentication-user-registration" class="external-link" target="_blank">【第3回】FastAPIチュートリアル: toDoアプリを作ってみよう【認証・ユーザ登録編】</a> by <a href="https://rightcode.co.jp/author/jun" class="external-link" target="_blank">ライトコードメディア編集部</a>
-
-* <a href="https://rightcode.co.jp/blog/information-technology/fastapi-tutorial-todo-apps-admin-page-improvement" class="external-link" target="_blank">【第4回】FastAPIチュートリアル: toDoアプリを作ってみよう【管理者ページ改良編】</a> by <a href="https://rightcode.co.jp/author/jun" class="external-link" target="_blank">ライトコードメディア編集部</a>
-
-* <a href="https://qiita.com/bee2/items/0ad260ab9835a2087dae" class="external-link" target="_blank">PythonのWeb frameworkのパフォーマンス比較 (Django, Flask, responder, FastAPI, japronto)</a> by <a href="https://qiita.com/bee2" class="external-link" target="_blank">@bee2</a>.
-
-* <a href="https://qiita.com/bee2/items/75d9c0d7ba20e7a4a0e9" class="external-link" target="_blank">[FastAPI] Python製のASGI Web フレームワーク FastAPIに入門する</a> by <a href="https://qiita.com/bee2" class="external-link" target="_blank">@bee2</a>.
+* <a href="{{ article.link }}" class="external-link" target="_blank">{{ article.title }}</a> by <a href="{{ article.author_link }}" class="external-link" target="_blank">{{ article.author }}</a>.
+{% endfor %}
+{% endif %}
 
 ### Vietnamese
 
-* <a href="https://fullstackstation.com/fastapi-trien-khai-bang-docker/" class="external-link" target="_blank">FASTAPI: TRIỂN KHAI BẰNG DOCKER</a> by <a href="https://fullstackstation.com/author/figonking/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Nguyễn Nhân</a>.
+{% if external_links %}
+{% for article in external_links.articles.vietnamese %}
+
+* <a href="{{ article.link }}" class="external-link" target="_blank">{{ article.title }}</a> by <a href="{{ article.author_link }}" class="external-link" target="_blank">{{ article.author }}</a>.
+{% endfor %}
+{% endif %}
 
 ### Russian
 
-* <a href="https://habr.com/ru/post/454440/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Мелкая питонячая радость #2: Starlette - Солидная примочка – FastAPI</a> by <a href="https://habr.com/ru/users/57uff3r/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Andrey Korchak</a>.
+{% if external_links %}
+{% for article in external_links.articles.russian %}
 
-* <a href="https://habr.com/ru/post/478620/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Почему Вы должны попробовать FastAPI?</a> by <a href="https://github.com/prostomarkeloff" class="external-link" target="_blank">prostomarkeloff</a>.
+* <a href="{{ article.link }}" class="external-link" target="_blank">{{ article.title }}</a> by <a href="{{ article.author_link }}" class="external-link" target="_blank">{{ article.author }}</a>.
+{% endfor %}
+{% endif %}
 
 ### German
 
-* <a href="https://blog.codecentric.de/2019/08/inbetriebnahme-eines-scikit-learn-modells-mit-onnx-und-fastapi/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Inbetriebnahme eines scikit-learn-Modells mit ONNX und FastAPI</a> by <a href="https://twitter.com/_nicoax" class="external-link" target="_blank">Nico Axtmann</a>.
+{% if external_links %}
+{% for article in external_links.articles.german %}
+
+* <a href="{{ article.link }}" class="external-link" target="_blank">{{ article.title }}</a> by <a href="{{ article.author_link }}" class="external-link" target="_blank">{{ article.author }}</a>.
+{% endfor %}
+{% endif %}
 
 ## Podcasts
 
-* <a href="https://pythonbytes.fm/episodes/show/123/time-to-right-the-py-wrongs?time_in_sec=855" class="external-link" target="_blank">FastAPI on PythonBytes</a> by <a href="https://pythonbytes.fm/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Python Bytes FM</a>.
-* <a href="https://www.pythonpodcast.com/fastapi-web-application-framework-episode-259/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Build The Next Generation Of Python Web Applications With FastAPI - Episode 259 - interview to Sebastían Ramírez (tiangolo)</a> by <a href="https://www.pythonpodcast.com/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Podcast.`__init__`</a>.
+{% if external_links %}
+{% for article in external_links.podcasts.english %}
+
+* <a href="{{ article.link }}" class="external-link" target="_blank">{{ article.title }}</a> by <a href="{{ article.author_link }}" class="external-link" target="_blank">{{ article.author }}</a>.
+{% endfor %}
+{% endif %}
 
 ## Talks
 
-* <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3DLwPcrE5mA" class="external-link" target="_blank">PyCon UK 2019: FastAPI from the ground up</a> by <a href="https://twitter.com/chriswithers13" class="external-link" target="_blank">Chris Withers</a>.
+{% if external_links %}
+{% for article in external_links.talks.english %}
 
-* <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z9K5pwb0rt8" class="external-link" target="_blank">PyConBY 2020: Serve ML models easily with FastAPI</a> by <a href="https://twitter.com/tiangolo" class="external-link" target="_blank">Sebastián Ramírez (tiangolo)</a>.
-
-* <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PnpTY1f4k2U" class="external-link" target="_blank">[VIRTUAL] Py.Amsterdam's flying Software Circus: Intro to FastAPI</a> by <a href="https://twitter.com/tiangolo" class="external-link" target="_blank">Sebastián Ramírez (tiangolo)</a>.
+* <a href="{{ article.link }}" class="external-link" target="_blank">{{ article.title }}</a> by <a href="{{ article.author_link }}" class="external-link" target="_blank">{{ article.author }}</a>.
+{% endfor %}
+{% endif %}
 
 ## Projects
 

docs/en/docs/index.md

@@ -5,14 +5,14 @@
     <em>FastAPI framework, high performance, easy to learn, fast to code, ready for production</em>
 </p>
 <p align="center">
-<a href="https://travis-ci.com/tiangolo/fastapi" target="_blank">
-    <img src="https://travis-ci.com/tiangolo/fastapi.svg?branch=master" alt="Build Status">
+<a href="https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/actions?query=workflow%3ATest" target="_blank">
+    <img src="https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/workflows/Test/badge.svg" alt="Test">
 </a>
 <a href="https://codecov.io/gh/tiangolo/fastapi" target="_blank">
-    <img src="https://img.shields.io/codecov/c/github/tiangolo/fastapi" alt="Coverage">
+    <img src="https://img.shields.io/codecov/c/github/tiangolo/fastapi?color=%2334D058" alt="Coverage">
 </a>
 <a href="https://pypi.org/project/fastapi" target="_blank">
-    <img src="https://badge.fury.io/py/fastapi.svg" alt="Package version">
+    <img src="https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/fastapi?color=%2334D058&label=pypi%20package" alt="Package version">
 </a>
 <a href="https://gitter.im/tiangolo/fastapi?utm_source=badge&utm_medium=badge&utm_campaign=pr-badge&utm_content=badge" target="_blank">
     <img src="https://badges.gitter.im/tiangolo/fastapi.svg" alt="Join the chat at https://gitter.im/tiangolo/fastapi">

docs/en/docs/release-notes.md

@@ -2,6 +2,72 @@
 
 ## Latest changes
 
+## 0.60.2
+
+* Fix typo in docs for query parameters. PR [#1832](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1832) by [@ycd](https://github.com/ycd).
+* Add docs about [Async Tests](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/async-tests/). PR [#1619](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1619) by [@empicano](https://github.com/empicano).
+* Raise an exception when using form data (`Form`, `File`) without having `python-multipart` installed.
+    * Up to now the application would run, and raise an exception only when receiving a request with form data, the new behavior, raising early, will prevent from deploying applications with broken dependencies.
+    * It also detects if the correct package `python-multipart` is installed instead of the incorrect `multipart` (both importable as `multipart`).
+    * PR [#1851](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1851) based on original PR [#1627](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1627) by [@chrisngyn](https://github.com/chrisngyn), [@YKo20010](https://github.com/YKo20010), [@kx-chen](https://github.com/kx-chen).
+* Re-enable Gitter releases bot. PR [#1831](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1831).
+* Add link to async SQL databases tutorial from main SQL tutorial. PR [#1813](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1813) by [@short2strings](https://github.com/short2strings).
+* Fix typo in tutorial about behind a proxy. PR [#1807](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1807) by [@toidi](https://github.com/toidi).
+* Fix typo in Portuguese docs. PR [#1795](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1795) by [@izaguerreiro](https://github.com/izaguerreiro).
+* Add translations setup for Ukrainian. PR [#1830](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1830).
+* Add external link [Build And Host Fast Data Science Applications Using FastAPI](https://towardsdatascience.com/build-and-host-fast-data-science-applications-using-fastapi-823be8a1d6a0). PR [#1786](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1786) by [@Kludex](https://github.com/Kludex).
+* Fix encoding of Pydantic models that inherit from others models with custom `json_encoders`. PR [#1769](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1769) by [@henrybetts](https://github.com/henrybetts).
+* Simplify and improve `jsonable_encoder`. PR [#1754](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1754) by [@MashhadiNima](https://github.com/MashhadiNima).
+* Simplify internal code syntax in several points. PR [#1753](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1753) by [@uriyyo](https://github.com/uriyyo).
+* Improve internal typing, declare `Optional` parameters. PR [#1731](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1731) by [@MashhadiNima](https://github.com/MashhadiNima).
+* Add external link [Deploy FastAPI on Azure App Service](https://www.tutlinks.com/deploy-fastapi-on-azure/) to docs. PR [#1726](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1726) by [@windson](https://github.com/windson).
+* Add link to Starlette docs about WebSocket testing. PR [#1717](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1717) by [@hellocoldworld](https://github.com/hellocoldworld).
+* Refactor generating dependant, merge for loops. PR [#1714](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1714) by [@Bloodielie](https://github.com/Bloodielie).
+* Update example for templates with Jinja to include HTML media type. PR [#1690](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1690) by [@frafra](https://github.com/frafra).
+* Fix typos in docs for security. PR [#1678](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1678) by [@nilslindemann](https://github.com/nilslindemann).
+* Fix typos in docs for dependencies. PR [#1675](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1675) by [@nilslindemann](https://github.com/nilslindemann).
+* Fix type annotation for `**extra` parameters in `FastAPI`. PR [#1659](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1659) by [@bharel](https://github.com/bharel).
+* Bump MkDocs Material to fix docs in browsers with dark mode. PR [#1789](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1789) by [@adriencaccia](https://github.com/adriencaccia).
+* Remove docs preview comment from each commit. PR [#1826](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1826).
+* Update GitHub context extraction for Gitter notification bot. PR [#1766](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1766).
+
+## 0.60.1
+
+* Add debugging logs for GitHub actions to introspect GitHub hidden context. PR [#1764](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1764).
+* Use OS preference theme for online docs. PR [#1760](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1760) by [@adriencaccia](https://github.com/adriencaccia).
+* Upgrade Starlette to version `0.13.6` to handle a vulnerability when using static files in Windows. PR [#1759](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1759) by [@jamesag26](https://github.com/jamesag26).
+* Pin Swagger UI temporarily, waiting for a fix for [swagger-api/swagger-ui#6249](https://github.com/swagger-api/swagger-ui/issues/6249). PR [#1763](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1763).
+* Update GitHub Actions, use commit from PR for docs preview, not commit from pre-merge. PR [#1761](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1761).
+* Update GitHub Actions, refactor Gitter bot. PR [#1746](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1746).
+
+## 0.60.0
+
+* Add GitHub Action to watch for missing preview docs and trigger a preview deploy. PR [#1740](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1740).
+* Add custom GitHub Action to get artifact with docs preview. PR [#1739](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1739).
+* Add new GitHub Actions to preview docs from PRs. PR [#1738](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1738).
+* Add XML test coverage to support GitHub Actions. PR [#1737](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1737).
+* Update badges and remove Travis now that GitHub Actions is the main CI. PR [#1736](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1736).
+* Add GitHub Actions for CI, move from Travis. PR [#1735](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1735).
+* Add support for adding OpenAPI schema for GET requests with a body. PR [#1626](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1626) by [@victorphoenix3](https://github.com/victorphoenix3).
+
+## 0.59.0
+
+* Fix typo in docstring for OAuth2 utils. PR [#1621](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1621) by [@tomarv2](https://github.com/tomarv2).
+* Update JWT docs to use Python-jose instead of PyJWT. Initial PR [#1610](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1610) by [@asheux](https://github.com/asheux).
+* Fix/re-enable search bar in docs. PR [#1703](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1703).
+* Auto-generate a "server" in OpenAPI `servers` when there's a `root_path` instead of prefixing all the `paths`:
+    * Add a new parameter for `FastAPI` classes: `root_path_in_servers` to disable the auto-generation of `servers`.
+    * New docs about `root_path` and `servers` in [Additional Servers](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/behind-a-proxy/#additional-servers).
+    * Update OAuth2 examples to use a relative URL for `tokenUrl="token"` to make sure those examples keep working as-is even when behind a reverse proxy.
+    * Initial PR [#1596](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1596) by [@rkbeatss](https://github.com/rkbeatss).
+* Fix typo/link in External Links. PR [#1702](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1702).
+* Update handling of [External Links](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/external-links/) to use a data file and allow translating the headers without becoming obsolete quickly when new links are added. PR [#https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1701](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1701).
+* Add external link [Machine learning model serving in Python using FastAPI and Streamlit](https://davidefiocco.github.io/2020/06/27/streamlit-fastapi-ml-serving.html) to docs. PR [#1669](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1669) by [@davidefiocco](https://github.com/davidefiocco).
+* Add note in docs on order in Pydantic Unions. PR [#1591](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1591) by [@kbanc](https://github.com/kbanc).
+* Improve support for tests in editor. PR [#1699](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1699).
+* Pin dependencies. PR [#1697](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1697).
+* Update isort to version 5.x.x. PR [#1670](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1670) by [@asheux](https://github.com/asheux).
+
 ## 0.58.1
 
 * Add link in docs to Pydantic data types. PR [#1612](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1612) by [@tayoogunbiyi](https://github.com/tayoogunbiyi).

docs/en/docs/tutorial/body.md

@@ -9,9 +9,11 @@ Your API almost always has to send a **response** body. But clients don't necess
 To declare a **request** body, you use <a href="https://pydantic-docs.helpmanual.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Pydantic</a> models with all their power and benefits.
 
 !!! info
-    You cannot send a request body using a `GET` operation (HTTP method).
+    To send data, you should use one of: `POST` (the more common), `PUT`, `DELETE` or `PATCH`.
 
-    To send data, you have to use one of: `POST` (the more common), `PUT`, `DELETE` or `PATCH`.
+    Sending a body with a `GET` request has an undefined behavior in the specifications, nevertheless, it is supported by FastAPI, only for very complex/extreme use cases.
+
+    As it is discouraged, the interactive docs with Swagger UI won't show the documentation for the body when using `GET`, and proxies in the middle might not support it.
 
 ## Import Pydantic's `BaseModel`
 

docs/en/docs/tutorial/dependencies/classes-as-dependencies.md

@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ If you pass a "callable" as a dependency in **FastAPI**, it will analyze the par
 
 That also applies to callables with no parameters at all. The same as it would be for *path operation functions* with no parameters.
 
-Then, we can change the dependency "dependable" `common_parameters` from above to the class `CommonQueryParameters`:
+Then, we can change the dependency "dependable" `common_parameters` from above to the class `CommonQueryParams`:
 
 ```Python hl_lines="11 12 13 14 15"
 {!../../../docs_src/dependencies/tutorial002.py!}
@@ -101,15 +101,15 @@ In both cases the data will be converted, validated, documented on the OpenAPI s
 
 Now you can declare your dependency using this class.
 
-And as when **FastAPI** calls that class the value that will be passed as `commons` to your function will be an "instance" of the class, you can declare that parameter `commons` to be of type of the class, `CommonQueryParams`.
-
 ```Python hl_lines="19"
 {!../../../docs_src/dependencies/tutorial002.py!}
 ```
 
+**FastAPI** calls the `CommonQueryParams` class. This creates an "instance" of that class and the instance will be passed as the parameter `commons` to your function.
+
 ## Type annotation vs `Depends`
 
-In the code above, you are declaring `commons` as:
+Notice how we write `CommonQueryParams` twice in the above code:
 
 ```Python
 commons: CommonQueryParams = Depends(CommonQueryParams)
@@ -175,9 +175,9 @@ commons: CommonQueryParams = Depends(CommonQueryParams)
 commons: CommonQueryParams = Depends()
 ```
 
-So, you can declare the dependency as the type of the variable, and use `Depends()` as the "default" value (the value after the `=`) for that function's parameter, without any parameter, instead of having to write the full class *again* inside of `Depends(CommonQueryParams)`.
+You declare the dependency as the type of the parameter, and you use `Depends()` as its "default" value (that after the `=`) for that function's parameter, without any parameter in `Depends()`, instead of having to write the full class *again* inside of `Depends(CommonQueryParams)`.
 
-So, the same example would look like:
+The same example would then look like:
 
 ```Python hl_lines="19"
 {!../../../docs_src/dependencies/tutorial004.py!}
@@ -186,6 +186,6 @@ So, the same example would look like:
 ...and **FastAPI** will know what to do.
 
 !!! tip
-    If all that seems more confusing than helpful, disregard it, you don't *need* it.
-    
+    If that seems more confusing than helpful, disregard it, you don't *need* it.
+
     It is just a shortcut. Because **FastAPI** cares about helping you minimize code repetition.

docs/en/docs/tutorial/dependencies/dependencies-in-path-operation-decorators.md

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ These dependencies will be executed/solved the same way normal dependencies. But
 
     Using these `dependencies` in the *path operation decorator* you can make sure they are executed while avoiding editor/tooling errors.
 
-    It might also help avoiding confusion for new developers that see an un-used parameter in your code and could think it's unnecessary.
+    It might also help avoid confusion for new developers that see an unused parameter in your code and could think it's unnecessary.
 
 ## Dependencies errors and return values
 

docs/en/docs/tutorial/dependencies/index.md

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ That's it.
 
 **2 lines**.
 
-And it has the same shape and structure that all your *path operation functions*.
+And it has the same shape and structure that all your *path operation functions* have.
 
 You can think of it as a *path operation function* without the "decorator" (without the `@app.get("/some-path")`).
 
@@ -123,10 +123,9 @@ So, the interactive docs will have all the information from these dependencies t
 
 <img src="/img/tutorial/dependencies/image01.png">
 
-
 ## Simple usage
 
-If you look at it, *path operation functions* are declared to be used whenever a *path* and *operation* matches, and then **FastAPI** takes care of calling the function with the correct parameters and use the response.
+If you look at it, *path operation functions* are declared to be used whenever a *path* and *operation* matches, and then **FastAPI** takes care of calling the function with the correct parameters, extracting the data from the request.
 
 Actually, all (or most) of the web frameworks work in this same way.
 

docs/en/docs/tutorial/dependencies/sub-dependencies.md

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ Let's focus on the parameters declared:
 * Even though this function is a dependency ("dependable") itself, it also declares another dependency (it "depends" on something else).
     * It depends on the `query_extractor`, and assigns the value returned by it to the parameter `q`.
 * It also declares an optional `last_query` cookie, as a `str`.
-    * Let's imagine that if the user didn't provide any query `q`, we just use the last query used, that we had saved to a cookie before.
+    * If the user didn't provide any query `q`, we use the last query used, which we saved to a cookie before.
 
 ### Use the dependency
 

docs/en/docs/tutorial/extra-models.md

@@ -162,6 +162,9 @@ It will be defined in OpenAPI with `anyOf`.
 
 To do that, use the standard Python type hint <a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/typing.html#typing.Union" class="external-link" target="_blank">`typing.Union`</a>:
 
+!!! note
+    When defining a <a href="https://pydantic-docs.helpmanual.io/usage/types/#unions" class="external-link" target="_blank">`Union`</a>, include the most specific type first, followed by the less specific type. In the example below, the more specific `PlaneItem` comes before `CarItem` in `Union[PlaneItem, CarItem]`.
+
 ```Python hl_lines="1 14 15 18 19 20 33"
 {!../../../docs_src/extra_models/tutorial003.py!}
 ```

docs/en/docs/tutorial/query-params-str-validations.md

@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ So, when you need to declare a value as required while using `Query`, you can us
 ```
 
 !!! info
-    If you hadn't seen that `...` before: it is a a special single value, it is <a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/constants.html#Ellipsis" class="external-link" target="_blank">part of Python and is called "Ellipsis"</a>.
+    If you hadn't seen that `...` before: it is a special single value, it is <a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/constants.html#Ellipsis" class="external-link" target="_blank">part of Python and is called "Ellipsis"</a>.
 
 This will let **FastAPI** know that this parameter is required.
 

docs/en/docs/tutorial/security/first-steps.md

@@ -86,11 +86,11 @@ But in this case, the same **FastAPI** application will handle the API and the a
 So, let's review it from that simplified point of view:
 
 * The user types his `username` and `password` in the frontend, and hits `Enter`.
-* The frontend (running in the user's browser) sends that `username` and `password` to a specific URL in our API.
-* The API checks that `username` and `password`, and responds with a "token".
+* The frontend (running in the user's browser) sends that `username` and `password` to a specific URL in our API (declared with `tokenUrl="token"`).
+* The API checks that `username` and `password`, and responds with a "token" (we haven't implemented any of this yet).
     * A "token" is just a string with some content that we can use later to verify this user.
     * Normally, a token is set to expire after some time.
-        * So, the user will have to login again at some point later.
+        * So, the user will have to log in again at some point later.
         * And if the token is stolen, the risk is less. It is not like a permanent key that will work forever (in most of the cases).
 * The frontend stores that token temporarily somewhere.
 * The user clicks in the frontend to go to another section of the frontend web app.
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ So, let's review it from that simplified point of view:
 
 **FastAPI** provides several tools, at different levels of abstraction, to implement these security features.
 
-In this example we are going to use **OAuth2**, with the **Password** flow, using a **Bearer** token.
+In this example we are going to use **OAuth2**, with the **Password** flow, using a **Bearer** token. We do that using the `OAuth2PasswordBearer` class.
 
 !!! info
     A "bearer" token is not the only option.
@@ -114,13 +114,22 @@ In this example we are going to use **OAuth2**, with the **Password** flow, usin
 
     In that case, **FastAPI** also provides you with the tools to build it.
 
-`OAuth2PasswordBearer` is a class that we create passing a parameter of the URL in where the client (the frontend running in the user's browser) can use to send the `username` and `password` and get a token.
+When we create an instance of the `OAuth2PasswordBearer` class we pass in the `tokenUrl` parameter. This parameter contains the URL that the client (the frontend running in the user's browser) will use to send the `username` and `password` in order to get a token.
 
 ```Python hl_lines="6"
 {!../../../docs_src/security/tutorial001.py!}
 ```
 
-It doesn't create that endpoint / *path operation*, but declares that that URL is the one that the client should use to get the token. That information is used in OpenAPI, and then in the interactive API documentation systems.
+!!! tip
+    here `tokenUrl="token"` refers to a relative URL `token` that we haven't created yet. As it's a relative URL, it's equivalent to `./token`.
+
+    Because we are using a relative URL, if your API was located at `https://example.com/`, then it would refer to `https://example.com/token`. But if your API was located at `https://example.com/api/v1/`, then it would refer to `https://example.com/api/v1/token`.
+
+    Using a relative URL is important to make sure your application keeps working even in an advanced use case like [Behind a Proxy](../../advanced/behind-a-proxy.md){.internal-link target=_blank}.
+
+This parameter doesn't create that endpoint / *path operation*, but declares that the URL `/token` will be the one that the client should use to get the token. That information is used in OpenAPI, and then in the interactive API documentation systems.
+
+We will soon also create the actual path operation.
 
 !!! info
     If you are a very strict "Pythonista" you might dislike the style of the parameter name `tokenUrl` instead of `token_url`.

docs/en/docs/tutorial/security/oauth2-jwt.md

@@ -20,26 +20,35 @@ It is not encrypted, so, anyone could recover the information from the contents.
 
 But it's signed. So, when you receive a token that you emitted, you can verify that you actually emitted it.
 
-That way, you can create a token with an expiration of, let's say, 1 week. And then when the user comes back the next day with the token, you know she/he is still signed into your system.
+That way, you can create a token with an expiration of, let's say, 1 week. And then when the user comes back the next day with the token, you know she/he is still logged in to your system.
 
-And after a week, the token will be expired and the user will not be authorized and will have to sign in again to get a new token. And if the user (or a third party) tried to modify the token to change the expiration, you would be able to discover it, because the signatures would not match.
+After a week, the token will be expired and the user will not be authorized and will have to sign in again to get a new token. And if the user (or a third party) tried to modify the token to change the expiration, you would be able to discover it, because the signatures would not match.
 
 If you want to play with JWT tokens and see how they work, check <a href="https://jwt.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">https://jwt.io</a>.
 
-## Install `PyJWT`
+## Install `python-jose`
 
-We need to install `PyJWT` to generate and verify the JWT tokens in Python:
+We need to install `python-jose` to generate and verify the JWT tokens in Python:
 
 <div class="termy">
 
 ```console
-$ pip install pyjwt
+$ pip install python-jose[cryptography]
 
 ---> 100%
 ```
 
 </div>
 
+<a href="https://github.com/mpdavis/python-jose" class="external-link" target="_blank">Python-jose</a> requires a cryptographic backend as an extra.
+
+Here we are using the recommended one: <a href="http://cryptography.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">pyca/cryptography</a>.
+
+!!! tip
+    This tutorial previously used <a href="https://pyjwt.readthedocs.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">PyJWT</a>.
+
+    But it was updated to use Python-jose instead as it provides all the features from PyJWT plus some extras that you might need later when building integrations with other tools.
+
 ## Password hashing
 
 "Hashing" means converting some content (a password in this case) into a sequence of bytes (just a string) that looks like gibberish.
@@ -88,7 +97,7 @@ Import the tools we need from `passlib`.
 Create a PassLib "context". This is what will be used to hash and verify passwords.
 
 !!! tip
-    The PassLib context also has functionality to use different hashing algorithms, including deprecate old ones only to allow verifying them, etc.
+    The PassLib context also has functionality to use different hashing algorithms, including deprecated old ones only to allow verifying them, etc.
 
     For example, you could use it to read and verify passwords generated by another system (like Django) but hash any new passwords with a different algorithm like Bcrypt.
 
@@ -100,7 +109,7 @@ And another utility to verify if a received password matches the hash stored.
 
 And another one to authenticate and return a user.
 
-```Python hl_lines="8  49  56 57  60 61  70 71 72 73 74 75 76"
+```Python hl_lines="7  48  55 56  59 60  69 70 71 72 73 74 75"
 {!../../../docs_src/security/tutorial004.py!}
 ```
 
@@ -135,7 +144,7 @@ Define a Pydantic Model that will be used in the token endpoint for the response
 
 Create a utility function to generate a new access token.
 
-```Python hl_lines="4  7  13 14 15  29 30 31  79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87"
+```Python hl_lines="6  12 13 14  28 29 30  78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86"
 {!../../../docs_src/security/tutorial004.py!}
 ```
 
@@ -147,7 +156,7 @@ Decode the received token, verify it, and return the current user.
 
 If the token is invalid, return an HTTP error right away.
 
-```Python hl_lines="90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107"
+```Python hl_lines="89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106"
 {!../../../docs_src/security/tutorial004.py!}
 ```
 
@@ -157,7 +166,7 @@ Create a `timedelta` with the expiration time of the token.
 
 Create a real JWT access token and return it.
 
-```Python hl_lines="116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129"
+```Python hl_lines="115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128"
 {!../../../docs_src/security/tutorial004.py!}
 ```
 
@@ -167,13 +176,13 @@ The JWT specification says that there's a key `sub`, with the subject of the tok
 
 It's optional to use it, but that's where you would put the user's identification, so we are using it here.
 
-JWT might be used for other things apart from identifying a user and allowing him to perform operations directly on your API.
+JWT might be used for other things apart from identifying a user and allowing them to perform operations directly on your API.
 
 For example, you could identify a "car" or a "blog post".
 
 Then you could add permissions about that entity, like "drive" (for the car) or "edit" (for the blog).
 
-And then, you could give that JWT token to a user (or bot), and he could use it to perform those actions (drive the car, or edit the blog post) without even needing to have an account, just with the JWT token your API generated for that.
+And then, you could give that JWT token to a user (or bot), and they could use it to perform those actions (drive the car, or edit the blog post) without even needing to have an account, just with the JWT token your API generated for that.
 
 Using these ideas, JWT can be used for way more sophisticated scenarios.
 
@@ -247,7 +256,7 @@ Many packages that simplify it a lot have to make many compromises with the data
 
 It gives you all the flexibility to choose the ones that fit your project the best.
 
-And you can use directly many well maintained and widely used packages like `passlib` and `pyjwt`, because **FastAPI** doesn't require any complex mechanisms to integrate external packages.
+And you can use directly many well maintained and widely used packages like `passlib` and `python-jose`, because **FastAPI** doesn't require any complex mechanisms to integrate external packages.
 
 But it provides you the tools to simplify the process as much as possible without compromising flexibility, robustness, or security.
 

docs/en/docs/tutorial/security/simple-oauth2.md

@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ They are normally used to declare specific security permissions, for example:
     In OAuth2 a "scope" is just a string that declares a specific permission required.
 
     It doesn't matter if it has other characters like `:` or if it is a URL.
-    
+
     Those details are implementation specific.
 
     For OAuth2 they are just strings.
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ Now let's use the utilities provided by **FastAPI** to handle this.
 
 ### `OAuth2PasswordRequestForm`
 
-First, import `OAuth2PasswordRequestForm`, and use it as a dependency with `Depends` for the path `/token`:
+First, import `OAuth2PasswordRequestForm`, and use it as a dependency with `Depends` in the *path operation* for `/token`:
 
 ```Python hl_lines="4  76"
 {!../../../docs_src/security/tutorial003.py!}
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ For this simple example, we are going to just be completely insecure and return
     This is something that you have to do yourself in your code, and make sure you use those JSON keys.
 
     It's almost the only thing that you have to remember to do correctly yourself, to be compliant with the specifications.
-    
+
     For the rest, **FastAPI** handles it for you.
 
 ## Update the dependencies
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ We want to get the `current_user` *only* if this user is active.
 
 So, we create an additional dependency `get_current_active_user` that in turn uses `get_current_user` as a dependency.
 
-Both of these dependencies will just return an HTTP error if the user doesn't exists, or if is inactive.
+Both of these dependencies will just return an HTTP error if the user doesn't exist, or if is inactive.
 
 So, in our endpoint, we will only get a user if the user exists, was correctly authenticated, and is active:
 

docs/en/docs/tutorial/sql-databases.md

@@ -539,6 +539,9 @@ def read_user(user_id: int, db: Session = Depends(get_db)):
     ...
 ```
 
+!!! info
+    If you need to connect to your relational database asynchronously, see [Async SQL (Relational) Databases](../advanced/async-sql-databases.md){.internal-link target=_blank}.
+
 !!! note "Very Technical Details"
     If you are curious and have a deep technical knowledge, you can check the very technical details of how this `async def` vs `def` is handled in the [Async](../async.md#very-technical-details){.internal-link target=_blank} docs.
 

docs/en/docs/tutorial/testing.md

@@ -34,6 +34,9 @@ Write simple `assert` statements with the standard Python expressions that you n
 
     **FastAPI** provides the same `starlette.testclient` as `fastapi.testclient` just as a convenience for you, the developer. But it comes directly from Starlette.
 
+!!! tip
+    If you want to call `async` functions in your tests apart from sending requests to your FastAPI application (e.g. asynchronous database functions), have a look at the [Async Tests](../advanced/async-tests.md){.internal-link target=_blank} in the advanced tutorial.
+
 ## Separating tests
 
 In a real application, you probably would have your tests in a different file.

docs/en/mkdocs.yml

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ site_url: https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/
 theme:
   name: material
   palette:
+    scheme: preference
     primary: teal
     accent: amber
   icon:
@@ -17,6 +18,10 @@ edit_uri: ''
 google_analytics:
 - UA-133183413-1
 - auto
+plugins:
+- search
+- markdownextradata:
+    data: data
 nav:
 - FastAPI: index.md
 - Languages:
@@ -25,6 +30,7 @@ nav:
   - it: /it/
   - pt: /pt/
   - ru: /ru/
+  - uk: /uk/
   - zh: /zh/
 - features.md
 - python-types.md
@@ -105,6 +111,7 @@ nav:
   - advanced/testing-events.md
   - advanced/testing-dependencies.md
   - advanced/testing-database.md
+  - advanced/async-tests.md
   - advanced/settings.md
   - advanced/conditional-openapi.md
   - advanced/extending-openapi.md

docs/es/docs/index.md

@@ -5,14 +5,14 @@
     <em>FastAPI framework, alto desempeño, fácil de aprender, rápido de programar, listo para producción</em>
 </p>
 <p align="center">
-<a href="https://travis-ci.com/tiangolo/fastapi" target="_blank">
-    <img src="https://travis-ci.com/tiangolo/fastapi.svg?branch=master" alt="Build Status">
+<a href="https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/actions?query=workflow%3ATest" target="_blank">
+    <img src="https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/workflows/Test/badge.svg" alt="Test">
 </a>
 <a href="https://codecov.io/gh/tiangolo/fastapi" target="_blank">
-    <img src="https://img.shields.io/codecov/c/github/tiangolo/fastapi" alt="Coverage">
+    <img src="https://img.shields.io/codecov/c/github/tiangolo/fastapi?color=%2334D058" alt="Coverage">
 </a>
 <a href="https://pypi.org/project/fastapi" target="_blank">
-    <img src="https://badge.fury.io/py/fastapi.svg" alt="Package version">
+    <img src="https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/fastapi?color=%2334D058&label=pypi%20package" alt="Package version">
 </a>
 <a href="https://gitter.im/tiangolo/fastapi?utm_source=badge&utm_medium=badge&utm_campaign=pr-badge&utm_content=badge" target="_blank">
     <img src="https://badges.gitter.im/tiangolo/fastapi.svg" alt="Join the chat at https://gitter.im/tiangolo/fastapi">

docs/es/mkdocs.yml

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ site_url: https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/es/
 theme:
   name: material
   palette:
+    scheme: preference
     primary: teal
     accent: amber
   icon:
@@ -17,6 +18,10 @@ edit_uri: ''
 google_analytics:
 - UA-133183413-1
 - auto
+plugins:
+- search
+- markdownextradata:
+    data: data
 nav:
 - FastAPI: index.md
 - Languages:
@@ -25,6 +30,7 @@ nav:
   - it: /it/
   - pt: /pt/
   - ru: /ru/
+  - uk: /uk/
   - zh: /zh/
 - features.md
 - python-types.md

docs/it/mkdocs.yml

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ site_url: https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/it/
 theme:
   name: material
   palette:
+    scheme: preference
     primary: teal
     accent: amber
   icon:
@@ -17,6 +18,10 @@ edit_uri: ''
 google_analytics:
 - UA-133183413-1
 - auto
+plugins:
+- search
+- markdownextradata:
+    data: data
 nav:
 - FastAPI: index.md
 - Languages:
@@ -25,6 +30,7 @@ nav:
   - it: /it/
   - pt: /pt/
   - ru: /ru/
+  - uk: /uk/
   - zh: /zh/
 markdown_extensions:
 - toc:

docs/pt/docs/index.md

@@ -5,14 +5,14 @@
     <em>Framework FastAPI, alta performance, fácil de aprender, fácil de codar, pronto para produção</em>
 </p>
 <p align="center">
-<a href="https://travis-ci.com/tiangolo/fastapi" target="_blank">
-    <img src="https://travis-ci.com/tiangolo/fastapi.svg?branch=master" alt="Build Status">
+<a href="https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/actions?query=workflow%3ATest" target="_blank">
+    <img src="https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/workflows/Test/badge.svg" alt="Test">
 </a>
 <a href="https://codecov.io/gh/tiangolo/fastapi" target="_blank">
-    <img src="https://img.shields.io/codecov/c/github/tiangolo/fastapi" alt="Coverage">
+    <img src="https://img.shields.io/codecov/c/github/tiangolo/fastapi?color=%2334D058" alt="Coverage">
 </a>
 <a href="https://pypi.org/project/fastapi" target="_blank">
-    <img src="https://badge.fury.io/py/fastapi.svg" alt="Package version">
+    <img src="https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/fastapi?color=%2334D058&label=pypi%20package" alt="Package version">
 </a>
 <a href="https://gitter.im/tiangolo/fastapi?utm_source=badge&utm_medium=badge&utm_campaign=pr-badge&utm_content=badge" target="_blank">
     <img src="https://badges.gitter.im/tiangolo/fastapi.svg" alt="Join the chat at https://gitter.im/tiangolo/fastapi">
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ Os recursos chave são:
 
 * **Rápido**: alta performance, equivalente a **NodeJS** e **Go** (graças ao Starlette e Pydantic). [Um dos frameworks mais rápidos disponíveis](#performance).
 * **Rápido para codar**: Aumenta a velocidade para desenvolver recursos entre 200% a 300%. *
-* **Poucos bugs**: Reduz cerca de 40% de erros iduzidos por humanos (desenvolvedores). *
+* **Poucos bugs**: Reduz cerca de 40% de erros induzidos por humanos (desenvolvedores). *
 * **Intuitivo**: Grande suporte a _IDEs_. <abbr title="também conhecido como _auto-complete_, _autocompletion_, _IntelliSense_">_Auto-Complete_</abbr> em todos os lugares. Menos tempo debugando.
 * **Fácil**: Projetado para ser fácil de aprender e usar. Menos tempo lendo documentação.
 * **Enxuto**: Minimize duplicação de código. Múltiplos recursos para cada declaração de parâmetro. Menos bugs.

docs/pt/mkdocs.yml

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ site_url: https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/pt/
 theme:
   name: material
   palette:
+    scheme: preference
     primary: teal
     accent: amber
   icon:
@@ -17,6 +18,10 @@ edit_uri: ''
 google_analytics:
 - UA-133183413-1
 - auto
+plugins:
+- search
+- markdownextradata:
+    data: data
 nav:
 - FastAPI: index.md
 - Languages:
@@ -25,6 +30,7 @@ nav:
   - it: /it/
   - pt: /pt/
   - ru: /ru/
+  - uk: /uk/
   - zh: /zh/
 - features.md
 - Tutorial - Guia de Usuário:

docs/ru/mkdocs.yml

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ site_url: https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/ru/
 theme:
   name: material
   palette:
+    scheme: preference
     primary: teal
     accent: amber
   icon:
@@ -17,6 +18,10 @@ edit_uri: ''
 google_analytics:
 - UA-133183413-1
 - auto
+plugins:
+- search
+- markdownextradata:
+    data: data
 nav:
 - FastAPI: index.md
 - Languages:
@@ -25,6 +30,7 @@ nav:
   - it: /it/
   - pt: /pt/
   - ru: /ru/
+  - uk: /uk/
   - zh: /zh/
 markdown_extensions:
 - toc:

docs/uk/docs/index.md

@@ -0,0 +1,453 @@
+
+{!../../../docs/missing-translation.md!}
+
+
+<p align="center">
+  <a href="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com"><img src="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/logo-margin/logo-teal.png" alt="FastAPI"></a>
+</p>
+<p align="center">
+    <em>FastAPI framework, high performance, easy to learn, fast to code, ready for production</em>
+</p>
+<p align="center">
+<a href="https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/actions?query=workflow%3ATest" target="_blank">
+    <img src="https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/workflows/Test/badge.svg" alt="Test">
+</a>
+<a href="https://codecov.io/gh/tiangolo/fastapi" target="_blank">
+    <img src="https://img.shields.io/codecov/c/github/tiangolo/fastapi?color=%2334D058" alt="Coverage">
+</a>
+<a href="https://pypi.org/project/fastapi" target="_blank">
+    <img src="https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/fastapi?color=%2334D058&label=pypi%20package" alt="Package version">
+</a>
+<a href="https://gitter.im/tiangolo/fastapi?utm_source=badge&utm_medium=badge&utm_campaign=pr-badge&utm_content=badge" target="_blank">
+    <img src="https://badges.gitter.im/tiangolo/fastapi.svg" alt="Join the chat at https://gitter.im/tiangolo/fastapi">
+</a>
+</p>
+
+---
+
+**Documentation**: <a href="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com" target="_blank">https://fastapi.tiangolo.com</a>
+
+**Source Code**: <a href="https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi" target="_blank">https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi</a>
+
+---
+
+FastAPI is a modern, fast (high-performance), web framework for building APIs with Python 3.6+ based on standard Python type hints.
+
+The key features are:
+
+* **Fast**: Very high performance, on par with **NodeJS** and **Go** (thanks to Starlette and Pydantic). [One of the fastest Python frameworks available](#performance).
+
+* **Fast to code**: Increase the speed to develop features by about 200% to 300%. *
+* **Fewer bugs**: Reduce about 40% of human (developer) induced errors. *
+* **Intuitive**: Great editor support. <abbr title="also known as auto-complete, autocompletion, IntelliSense">Completion</abbr> everywhere. Less time debugging.
+* **Easy**: Designed to be easy to use and learn. Less time reading docs.
+* **Short**: Minimize code duplication. Multiple features from each parameter declaration. Fewer bugs.
+* **Robust**: Get production-ready code. With automatic interactive documentation.
+* **Standards-based**: Based on (and fully compatible with) the open standards for APIs: <a href="https://github.com/OAI/OpenAPI-Specification" class="external-link" target="_blank">OpenAPI</a> (previously known as Swagger) and <a href="http://json-schema.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">JSON Schema</a>.
+
+<small>* estimation based on tests on an internal development team, building production applications.</small>
+
+## Opinions
+
+"_[...] I'm using **FastAPI** a ton these days. [...] I'm actually planning to use it for all of my team's **ML services at Microsoft**. Some of them are getting integrated into the core **Windows** product and some **Office** products._"
+
+<div style="text-align: right; margin-right: 10%;">Kabir Khan - <strong>Microsoft</strong> <a href="https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/26" target="_blank"><small>(ref)</small></a></div>
+
+---
+
+"_We adopted the **FastAPI** library to spawn a **REST** server that can be queried to obtain **predictions**. [for Ludwig]_"
+
+<div style="text-align: right; margin-right: 10%;">Piero Molino, Yaroslav Dudin, and Sai Sumanth Miryala - <strong>Uber</strong> <a href="https://eng.uber.com/ludwig-v0-2/" target="_blank"><small>(ref)</small></a></div>
+
+---
+
+"_**Netflix** is pleased to announce the open-source release of our **crisis management** orchestration framework: **Dispatch**! [built with **FastAPI**]_"
+
+<div style="text-align: right; margin-right: 10%;">Kevin Glisson, Marc Vilanova, Forest Monsen - <strong>Netflix</strong> <a href="https://netflixtechblog.com/introducing-dispatch-da4b8a2a8072" target="_blank"><small>(ref)</small></a></div>
+
+---
+
+"_I’m over the moon excited about **FastAPI**. It’s so fun!_"
+
+<div style="text-align: right; margin-right: 10%;">Brian Okken - <strong><a href="https://pythonbytes.fm/episodes/show/123/time-to-right-the-py-wrongs?time_in_sec=855" target="_blank">Python Bytes</a> podcast host</strong> <a href="https://twitter.com/brianokken/status/1112220079972728832" target="_blank"><small>(ref)</small></a></div>
+
+---
+
+"_Honestly, what you've built looks super solid and polished. In many ways, it's what I wanted **Hug** to be - it's really inspiring to see someone build that._"
+
+<div style="text-align: right; margin-right: 10%;">Timothy Crosley - <strong><a href="http://www.hug.rest/" target="_blank">Hug</a> creator</strong> <a href="https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=19455465" target="_blank"><small>(ref)</small></a></div>
+
+---
+
+"_If you're looking to learn one **modern framework** for building REST APIs, check out **FastAPI** [...] It's fast, easy to use and easy to learn [...]_"
+
+"_We've switched over to **FastAPI** for our **APIs** [...] I think you'll like it [...]_"
+
+<div style="text-align: right; margin-right: 10%;">Ines Montani - Matthew Honnibal - <strong><a href="https://explosion.ai" target="_blank">Explosion AI</a> founders - <a href="https://spacy.io" target="_blank">spaCy</a> creators</strong> <a href="https://twitter.com/_inesmontani/status/1144173225322143744" target="_blank"><small>(ref)</small></a> - <a href="https://twitter.com/honnibal/status/1144031421859655680" target="_blank"><small>(ref)</small></a></div>
+
+---
+
+## **Typer**, the FastAPI of CLIs
+
+<a href="https://typer.tiangolo.com" target="_blank"><img src="https://typer.tiangolo.com/img/logo-margin/logo-margin-vector.svg" style="width: 20%;"></a>
+
+If you are building a <abbr title="Command Line Interface">CLI</abbr> app to be used in the terminal instead of a web API, check out <a href="https://typer.tiangolo.com/" class="external-link" target="_blank">**Typer**</a>.
+
+**Typer** is FastAPI's little sibling. And it's intended to be the **FastAPI of CLIs**. ⌨️ 🚀
+
+## Requirements
+
+Python 3.6+
+
+FastAPI stands on the shoulders of giants:
+
+* <a href="https://www.starlette.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette</a> for the web parts.
+* <a href="https://pydantic-docs.helpmanual.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Pydantic</a> for the data parts.
+
+## Installation
+
+<div class="termy">
+
+```console
+$ pip install fastapi
+
+---> 100%
+```
+
+</div>
+
+You will also need an ASGI server, for production such as <a href="http://www.uvicorn.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a> or <a href="https://gitlab.com/pgjones/hypercorn" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hypercorn</a>.
+
+<div class="termy">
+
+```console
+$ pip install uvicorn
+
+---> 100%
+```
+
+</div>
+
+## Example
+
+### Create it
+
+* Create a file `main.py` with:
+
+```Python
+from typing import Optional
+
+from fastapi import FastAPI
+
+app = FastAPI()
+
+
+@app.get("/")
+def read_root():
+    return {"Hello": "World"}
+
+
+@app.get("/items/{item_id}")
+def read_item(item_id: int, q: Optional[str] = None):
+    return {"item_id": item_id, "q": q}
+```
+
+<details markdown="1">
+<summary>Or use <code>async def</code>...</summary>
+
+If your code uses `async` / `await`, use `async def`:
+
+```Python hl_lines="9 14"
+from typing import Optional
+
+from fastapi import FastAPI
+
+app = FastAPI()
+
+
+@app.get("/")
+async def read_root():
+    return {"Hello": "World"}
+
+
+@app.get("/items/{item_id}")
+async def read_item(item_id: int, q: Optional[str] = None):
+    return {"item_id": item_id, "q": q}
+```
+
+**Note**:
+
+If you don't know, check the _"In a hurry?"_ section about <a href="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/async/#in-a-hurry" target="_blank">`async` and `await` in the docs</a>.
+
+</details>
+
+### Run it
+
+Run the server with:
+
+<div class="termy">
+
+```console
+$ uvicorn main:app --reload
+
+INFO:     Uvicorn running on http://127.0.0.1:8000 (Press CTRL+C to quit)
+INFO:     Started reloader process [28720]
+INFO:     Started server process [28722]
+INFO:     Waiting for application startup.
+INFO:     Application startup complete.
+```
+
+</div>
+
+<details markdown="1">
+<summary>About the command <code>uvicorn main:app --reload</code>...</summary>
+
+The command `uvicorn main:app` refers to:
+
+* `main`: the file `main.py` (the Python "module").
+* `app`: the object created inside of `main.py` with the line `app = FastAPI()`.
+* `--reload`: make the server restart after code changes. Only do this for development.
+
+</details>
+
+### Check it
+
+Open your browser at <a href="http://127.0.0.1:8000/items/5?q=somequery" class="external-link" target="_blank">http://127.0.0.1:8000/items/5?q=somequery</a>.
+
+You will see the JSON response as:
+
+```JSON
+{"item_id": 5, "q": "somequery"}
+```
+
+You already created an API that:
+
+* Receives HTTP requests in the _paths_ `/` and `/items/{item_id}`.
+* Both _paths_ take `GET` <em>operations</em> (also known as HTTP _methods_).
+* The _path_ `/items/{item_id}` has a _path parameter_ `item_id` that should be an `int`.
+* The _path_ `/items/{item_id}` has an optional `str` _query parameter_ `q`.
+
+### Interactive API docs
+
+Now go to <a href="http://127.0.0.1:8000/docs" class="external-link" target="_blank">http://127.0.0.1:8000/docs</a>.
+
+You will see the automatic interactive API documentation (provided by <a href="https://github.com/swagger-api/swagger-ui" class="external-link" target="_blank">Swagger UI</a>):
+
+![Swagger UI](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/index/index-01-swagger-ui-simple.png)
+
+### Alternative API docs
+
+And now, go to <a href="http://127.0.0.1:8000/redoc" class="external-link" target="_blank">http://127.0.0.1:8000/redoc</a>.
+
+You will see the alternative automatic documentation (provided by <a href="https://github.com/Rebilly/ReDoc" class="external-link" target="_blank">ReDoc</a>):
+
+![ReDoc](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/index/index-02-redoc-simple.png)
+
+## Example upgrade
+
+Now modify the file `main.py` to receive a body from a `PUT` request.
+
+Declare the body using standard Python types, thanks to Pydantic.
+
+```Python hl_lines="4  9 10 11 12  25 26 27"
+from typing import Optional
+
+from fastapi import FastAPI
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+
+app = FastAPI()
+
+
+class Item(BaseModel):
+    name: str
+    price: float
+    is_offer: Optional[bool] = None
+
+
+@app.get("/")
+def read_root():
+    return {"Hello": "World"}
+
+
+@app.get("/items/{item_id}")
+def read_item(item_id: int, q: Optional[str] = None):
+    return {"item_id": item_id, "q": q}
+
+
+@app.put("/items/{item_id}")
+def update_item(item_id: int, item: Item):
+    return {"item_name": item.name, "item_id": item_id}
+```
+
+The server should reload automatically (because you added `--reload` to the `uvicorn` command above).
+
+### Interactive API docs upgrade
+
+Now go to <a href="http://127.0.0.1:8000/docs" class="external-link" target="_blank">http://127.0.0.1:8000/docs</a>.
+
+* The interactive API documentation will be automatically updated, including the new body:
+
+![Swagger UI](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/index/index-03-swagger-02.png)
+
+* Click on the button "Try it out", it allows you to fill the parameters and directly interact with the API:
+
+![Swagger UI interaction](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/index/index-04-swagger-03.png)
+
+* Then click on the "Execute" button, the user interface will communicate with your API, send the parameters, get the results and show them on the screen:
+
+![Swagger UI interaction](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/index/index-05-swagger-04.png)
+
+### Alternative API docs upgrade
+
+And now, go to <a href="http://127.0.0.1:8000/redoc" class="external-link" target="_blank">http://127.0.0.1:8000/redoc</a>.
+
+* The alternative documentation will also reflect the new query parameter and body:
+
+![ReDoc](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/index/index-06-redoc-02.png)
+
+### Recap
+
+In summary, you declare **once** the types of parameters, body, etc. as function parameters. 
+
+You do that with standard modern Python types.
+
+You don't have to learn a new syntax, the methods or classes of a specific library, etc.
+
+Just standard **Python 3.6+**.
+
+For example, for an `int`:
+
+```Python
+item_id: int
+```
+
+or for a more complex `Item` model:
+
+```Python
+item: Item
+```
+
+...and with that single declaration you get:
+
+* Editor support, including:
+    * Completion.
+    * Type checks.
+* Validation of data:
+    * Automatic and clear errors when the data is invalid.
+    * Validation even for deeply nested JSON objects.
+* <abbr title="also known as: serialization, parsing, marshalling">Conversion</abbr> of input data: coming from the network to Python data and types. Reading from:
+    * JSON.
+    * Path parameters.
+    * Query parameters.
+    * Cookies.
+    * Headers.
+    * Forms.
+    * Files.
+* <abbr title="also known as: serialization, parsing, marshalling">Conversion</abbr> of output data: converting from Python data and types to network data (as JSON):
+    * Convert Python types (`str`, `int`, `float`, `bool`, `list`, etc).
+    * `datetime` objects.
+    * `UUID` objects.
+    * Database models.
+    * ...and many more.
+* Automatic interactive API documentation, including 2 alternative user interfaces:
+    * Swagger UI.
+    * ReDoc.
+
+---
+
+Coming back to the previous code example, **FastAPI** will:
+
+* Validate that there is an `item_id` in the path for `GET` and `PUT` requests.
+* Validate that the `item_id` is of type `int` for `GET` and `PUT` requests.
+    * If it is not, the client will see a useful, clear error.
+* Check if there is an optional query parameter named `q` (as in `http://127.0.0.1:8000/items/foo?q=somequery`) for `GET` requests.
+    * As the `q` parameter is declared with `= None`, it is optional.
+    * Without the `None` it would be required (as is the body in the case with `PUT`).
+* For `PUT` requests to `/items/{item_id}`, Read the body as JSON:
+    * Check that it has a required attribute `name` that should be a `str`. 
+    * Check that it has a required attribute `price` that has to be a `float`.
+    * Check that it has an optional attribute `is_offer`, that should be a `bool`, if present.
+    * All this would also work for deeply nested JSON objects.
+* Convert from and to JSON automatically.
+* Document everything with OpenAPI, that can be used by:
+    * Interactive documentation systems.
+    * Automatic client code generation systems, for many languages.
+* Provide 2 interactive documentation web interfaces directly.
+
+---
+
+We just scratched the surface, but you already get the idea of how it all works.
+
+Try changing the line with:
+
+```Python
+    return {"item_name": item.name, "item_id": item_id}
+```
+
+...from:
+
+```Python
+        ... "item_name": item.name ...
+```
+
+...to:
+
+```Python
+        ... "item_price": item.price ...
+```
+
+...and see how your editor will auto-complete the attributes and know their types:
+
+![editor support](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/vscode-completion.png)
+
+For a more complete example including more features, see the <a href="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/">Tutorial - User Guide</a>.
+
+**Spoiler alert**: the tutorial - user guide includes:
+
+* Declaration of **parameters** from other different places as: **headers**, **cookies**, **form fields** and **files**.
+* How to set **validation constraints** as `maximum_length` or `regex`.
+* A very powerful and easy to use **<abbr title="also known as components, resources, providers, services, injectables">Dependency Injection</abbr>** system.
+* Security and authentication, including support for **OAuth2** with **JWT tokens** and **HTTP Basic** auth.
+* More advanced (but equally easy) techniques for declaring **deeply nested JSON models** (thanks to Pydantic).
+* Many extra features (thanks to Starlette) as:
+    * **WebSockets**
+    * **GraphQL**
+    * extremely easy tests based on `requests` and `pytest`
+    * **CORS**
+    * **Cookie Sessions**
+    * ...and more.
+
+## Performance
+
+Independent TechEmpower benchmarks show **FastAPI** applications running under Uvicorn as <a href="https://www.techempower.com/benchmarks/#section=test&runid=7464e520-0dc2-473d-bd34-dbdfd7e85911&hw=ph&test=query&l=zijzen-7" class="external-link" target="_blank">one of the fastest Python frameworks available</a>, only below Starlette and Uvicorn themselves (used internally by FastAPI). (*)
+
+To understand more about it, see the section <a href="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/benchmarks/" class="internal-link" target="_blank">Benchmarks</a>.
+
+## Optional Dependencies
+
+Used by Pydantic:
+
+* <a href="https://github.com/esnme/ultrajson" target="_blank"><code>ujson</code></a> - for faster JSON <abbr title="converting the string that comes from an HTTP request into Python data">"parsing"</abbr>.
+* <a href="https://github.com/JoshData/python-email-validator" target="_blank"><code>email_validator</code></a> - for email validation.
+
+Used by Starlette:
+
+* <a href="http://docs.python-requests.org" target="_blank"><code>requests</code></a> - Required if you want to use the `TestClient`.
+* <a href="https://github.com/Tinche/aiofiles" target="_blank"><code>aiofiles</code></a> - Required if you want to use `FileResponse` or `StaticFiles`.
+* <a href="http://jinja.pocoo.org" target="_blank"><code>jinja2</code></a> - Required if you want to use the default template configuration.
+* <a href="https://andrew-d.github.io/python-multipart/" target="_blank"><code>python-multipart</code></a> - Required if you want to support form <abbr title="converting the string that comes from an HTTP request into Python data">"parsing"</abbr>, with `request.form()`.
+* <a href="https://pythonhosted.org/itsdangerous/" target="_blank"><code>itsdangerous</code></a> - Required for `SessionMiddleware` support.
+* <a href="https://pyyaml.org/wiki/PyYAMLDocumentation" target="_blank"><code>pyyaml</code></a> - Required for Starlette's `SchemaGenerator` support (you probably don't need it with FastAPI).
+* <a href="https://graphene-python.org/" target="_blank"><code>graphene</code></a> - Required for `GraphQLApp` support.
+* <a href="https://github.com/esnme/ultrajson" target="_blank"><code>ujson</code></a> - Required if you want to use `UJSONResponse`.
+
+Used by FastAPI / Starlette:
+
+* <a href="http://www.uvicorn.org" target="_blank"><code>uvicorn</code></a> - for the server that loads and serves your application.
+* <a href="https://github.com/ijl/orjson" target="_blank"><code>orjson</code></a> - Required if you want to use `ORJSONResponse`.
+
+You can install all of these with `pip install fastapi[all]`.
+
+## License
+
+This project is licensed under the terms of the MIT license.

docs/uk/mkdocs.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+site_name: FastAPI
+site_description: FastAPI framework, high performance, easy to learn, fast to code, ready for production
+site_url: https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/uk/
+theme:
+  name: material
+  palette:
+    scheme: preference
+    primary: teal
+    accent: amber
+  icon:
+    repo: fontawesome/brands/github-alt
+  logo: https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/icon-white.svg
+  favicon: https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/favicon.png
+  language: uk
+repo_name: tiangolo/fastapi
+repo_url: https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi
+edit_uri: ''
+google_analytics:
+- UA-133183413-1
+- auto
+plugins:
+- search
+- markdownextradata:
+    data: data
+nav:
+- FastAPI: index.md
+- Languages:
+  - en: /
+  - es: /es/
+  - it: /it/
+  - pt: /pt/
+  - ru: /ru/
+  - uk: /uk/
+  - zh: /zh/
+markdown_extensions:
+- toc:
+    permalink: true
+- markdown.extensions.codehilite:
+    guess_lang: false
+- markdown_include.include:
+    base_path: docs
+- admonition
+- codehilite
+- extra
+- pymdownx.superfences:
+    custom_fences:
+    - name: mermaid
+      class: mermaid
+      format: !!python/name:pymdownx.superfences.fence_div_format ''
+- pymdownx.tabbed
+extra:
+  social:
+  - icon: fontawesome/brands/github-alt
+    link: https://github.com/tiangolo/typer
+  - icon: fontawesome/brands/twitter
+    link: https://twitter.com/tiangolo
+  - icon: fontawesome/brands/linkedin
+    link: https://www.linkedin.com/in/tiangolo
+  - icon: fontawesome/brands/dev
+    link: https://dev.to/tiangolo
+  - icon: fontawesome/brands/medium
+    link: https://medium.com/@tiangolo
+  - icon: fontawesome/solid/globe
+    link: https://tiangolo.com
+extra_css:
+- https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/css/termynal.css
+- https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/css/custom.css
+extra_javascript:
+- https://unpkg.com/mermaid@8.4.6/dist/mermaid.min.js
+- https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/js/termynal.js
+- https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/js/custom.js
+- https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/js/chat.js
+- https://sidecar.gitter.im/dist/sidecar.v1.js

docs/zh/docs/contributing.md

@@ -498,13 +498,3 @@ $ bash scripts/test-cov-html.sh
 </div>
 
 该命令生成了一个 `./htmlcov/` 目录，如果你在浏览器中打开 `./htmlcov/index.html` 文件，你可以交互式地浏览被测试所覆盖的代码区块，并注意是否缺少了任何区块。 
-
-### 在编辑器中测试
-
-如果你想要在编辑器中运行集成测试，请将 `./docs_src` 加入到你的 `PYTHONPATH` 变量中。
-
-例如，在 VS Code 中你可以创建一个包含以下内容的 `.env` 文件：
-
-```env
-PYTHONPATH=./docs_src
-```

docs/zh/docs/index.md

@@ -5,14 +5,14 @@
     <em>FastAPI 框架，高性能，易于学习，高效编码，生产可用</em>
 </p>
 <p align="center">
-<a href="https://travis-ci.com/tiangolo/fastapi" target="_blank">
-    <img src="https://travis-ci.com/tiangolo/fastapi.svg?branch=master" alt="Build Status">
+<a href="https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/actions?query=workflow%3ATest" target="_blank">
+    <img src="https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/workflows/Test/badge.svg" alt="Test">
 </a>
 <a href="https://codecov.io/gh/tiangolo/fastapi" target="_blank">
-    <img src="https://img.shields.io/codecov/c/github/tiangolo/fastapi" alt="Coverage">
+    <img src="https://img.shields.io/codecov/c/github/tiangolo/fastapi?color=%2334D058" alt="Coverage">
 </a>
 <a href="https://pypi.org/project/fastapi" target="_blank">
-    <img src="https://badge.fury.io/py/fastapi.svg" alt="Package version">
+    <img src="https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/fastapi?color=%2334D058&label=pypi%20package" alt="Package version">
 </a>
 <a href="https://gitter.im/tiangolo/fastapi?utm_source=badge&utm_medium=badge&utm_campaign=pr-badge&utm_content=badge" target="_blank">
     <img src="https://badges.gitter.im/tiangolo/fastapi.svg" alt="Join the chat at https://gitter.im/tiangolo/fastapi">

docs/zh/mkdocs.yml

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ site_url: https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/zh/
 theme:
   name: material
   palette:
+    scheme: preference
     primary: teal
     accent: amber
   icon:
@@ -17,6 +18,10 @@ edit_uri: ''
 google_analytics:
 - UA-133183413-1
 - auto
+plugins:
+- search
+- markdownextradata:
+    data: data
 nav:
 - FastAPI: index.md
 - Languages:
@@ -25,6 +30,7 @@ nav:
   - it: /it/
   - pt: /pt/
   - ru: /ru/
+  - uk: /uk/
   - zh: /zh/
 - features.md
 - python-types.md

docs_src/async_tests/main.py

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+from fastapi import FastAPI
+
+app = FastAPI()
+
+
+@app.get("/")
+async def root():
+    return {"message": "Tomato"}

docs_src/async_tests/test_main.py

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import pytest
+from httpx import AsyncClient
+
+from .main import app
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_root():
+    async with AsyncClient(app=app, base_url="http://test") as ac:
+        response = await ac.get("/")
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+    assert response.json() == {"message": "Tomato"}

docs_src/behind_a_proxy/tutorial003.py

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+from fastapi import FastAPI, Request
+
+app = FastAPI(
+    servers=[
+        {"url": "https://stag.example.com", "description": "Staging environment"},
+        {"url": "https://prod.example.com", "description": "Production environment"},
+    ],
+    root_path="/api/v1",
+)
+
+
+@app.get("/app")
+def read_main(request: Request):
+    return {"message": "Hello World", "root_path": request.scope.get("root_path")}

docs_src/behind_a_proxy/tutorial004.py

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+from fastapi import FastAPI, Request
+
+app = FastAPI(
+    servers=[
+        {"url": "https://stag.example.com", "description": "Staging environment"},
+        {"url": "https://prod.example.com", "description": "Production environment"},
+    ],
+    root_path="/api/v1",
+    root_path_in_servers=False,
+)
+
+
+@app.get("/app")
+def read_main(request: Request):
+    return {"message": "Hello World", "root_path": request.scope.get("root_path")}

docs_src/extending_openapi/tutorial001.py

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ async def read_items():
     return [{"name": "Foo"}]
 
 
-def custom_openapi(openapi_prefix: str):
+def custom_openapi():
     if app.openapi_schema:
         return app.openapi_schema
     openapi_schema = get_openapi(
@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@ def custom_openapi(openapi_prefix: str):
         version="2.5.0",
         description="This is a very custom OpenAPI schema",
         routes=app.routes,
-        openapi_prefix=openapi_prefix,
     )
     openapi_schema["info"]["x-logo"] = {
         "url": "https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/logo-margin/logo-teal.png"

docs_src/nosql_databases/tutorial001.py

@@ -1,11 +1,10 @@
 from typing import Optional
 
-from fastapi import FastAPI
-from pydantic import BaseModel
-
 from couchbase import LOCKMODE_WAIT
 from couchbase.bucket import Bucket
 from couchbase.cluster import Cluster, PasswordAuthenticator
+from fastapi import FastAPI
+from pydantic import BaseModel
 
 USERPROFILE_DOC_TYPE = "userprofile"
 

docs_src/security/tutorial001.py

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ from fastapi.security import OAuth2PasswordBearer
 
 app = FastAPI()
 
-oauth2_scheme = OAuth2PasswordBearer(tokenUrl="/token")
+oauth2_scheme = OAuth2PasswordBearer(tokenUrl="token")
 
 
 @app.get("/items/")

docs_src/security/tutorial002.py

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ from pydantic import BaseModel
 
 app = FastAPI()
 
-oauth2_scheme = OAuth2PasswordBearer(tokenUrl="/token")
+oauth2_scheme = OAuth2PasswordBearer(tokenUrl="token")
 
 
 class User(BaseModel):

docs_src/security/tutorial003.py

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ def fake_hash_password(password: str):
     return "fakehashed" + password
 
 
-oauth2_scheme = OAuth2PasswordBearer(tokenUrl="/token")
+oauth2_scheme = OAuth2PasswordBearer(tokenUrl="token")
 
 
 class User(BaseModel):

docs_src/security/tutorial004.py

@@ -1,10 +1,9 @@
 from datetime import datetime, timedelta
 from typing import Optional
 
-import jwt
 from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI, HTTPException, status
 from fastapi.security import OAuth2PasswordBearer, OAuth2PasswordRequestForm
-from jwt import PyJWTError
+from jose import JWTError, jwt
 from passlib.context import CryptContext
 from pydantic import BaseModel
 
@@ -48,7 +47,7 @@ class UserInDB(User):
 
 pwd_context = CryptContext(schemes=["bcrypt"], deprecated="auto")
 
-oauth2_scheme = OAuth2PasswordBearer(tokenUrl="/token")
+oauth2_scheme = OAuth2PasswordBearer(tokenUrl="token")
 
 app = FastAPI()
 
@@ -99,7 +98,7 @@ async def get_current_user(token: str = Depends(oauth2_scheme)):
         if username is None:
             raise credentials_exception
         token_data = TokenData(username=username)
-    except PyJWTError:
+    except JWTError:
         raise credentials_exception
     user = get_user(fake_users_db, username=token_data.username)
     if user is None:

docs_src/security/tutorial005.py

@@ -1,14 +1,13 @@
 from datetime import datetime, timedelta
 from typing import List, Optional
 
-import jwt
 from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI, HTTPException, Security, status
 from fastapi.security import (
     OAuth2PasswordBearer,
     OAuth2PasswordRequestForm,
     SecurityScopes,
 )
-from jwt import PyJWTError
+from jose import JWTError, jwt
 from passlib.context import CryptContext
 from pydantic import BaseModel, ValidationError
 
@@ -61,7 +60,7 @@ class UserInDB(User):
 pwd_context = CryptContext(schemes=["bcrypt"], deprecated="auto")
 
 oauth2_scheme = OAuth2PasswordBearer(
-    tokenUrl="/token",
+    tokenUrl="token",
     scopes={"me": "Read information about the current user.", "items": "Read items."},
 )
 
@@ -121,7 +120,7 @@ async def get_current_user(
             raise credentials_exception
         token_scopes = payload.get("scopes", [])
         token_data = TokenData(scopes=token_scopes, username=username)
-    except (PyJWTError, ValidationError):
+    except (JWTError, ValidationError):
         raise credentials_exception
     user = get_user(fake_users_db, username=token_data.username)
     if user is None:

docs_src/templates/tutorial001.py

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 from fastapi import FastAPI, Request
+from fastapi.responses import HTMLResponse
 from fastapi.staticfiles import StaticFiles
 from fastapi.templating import Jinja2Templates
 
@@ -10,6 +11,6 @@ app.mount("/static", StaticFiles(directory="static"), name="static")
 templates = Jinja2Templates(directory="templates")
 
 
-@app.get("/items/{id}")
+@app.get("/items/{id}", response_class=HTMLResponse)
 async def read_item(request: Request, id: str):
     return templates.TemplateResponse("item.html", {"request": request, "id": id})

fastapi/__init__.py

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 """FastAPI framework, high performance, easy to learn, fast to code, ready for production"""
 
-__version__ = "0.58.1"
+__version__ = "0.60.2"
 
 from starlette import status
 

fastapi/applications.py

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ class FastAPI(Starlette):
         self,
         *,
         debug: bool = False,
-        routes: List[BaseRoute] = None,
+        routes: Optional[List[BaseRoute]] = None,
         title: str = "FastAPI",
         description: str = "",
         version: str = "0.1.0",
@@ -44,13 +44,16 @@ class FastAPI(Starlette):
         redoc_url: Optional[str] = "/redoc",
         swagger_ui_oauth2_redirect_url: Optional[str] = "/docs/oauth2-redirect",
         swagger_ui_init_oauth: Optional[dict] = None,
-        middleware: Sequence[Middleware] = None,
-        exception_handlers: Dict[Union[int, Type[Exception]], Callable] = None,
-        on_startup: Sequence[Callable] = None,
-        on_shutdown: Sequence[Callable] = None,
+        middleware: Optional[Sequence[Middleware]] = None,
+        exception_handlers: Optional[
+            Dict[Union[int, Type[Exception]], Callable]
+        ] = None,
+        on_startup: Optional[Sequence[Callable]] = None,
+        on_shutdown: Optional[Sequence[Callable]] = None,
         openapi_prefix: str = "",
         root_path: str = "",
-        **extra: Dict[str, Any],
+        root_path_in_servers: bool = True,
+        **extra: Any,
     ) -> None:
         self.default_response_class = default_response_class
         self._debug = debug
@@ -71,7 +74,7 @@ class FastAPI(Starlette):
         self.title = title
         self.description = description
         self.version = version
-        self.servers = servers
+        self.servers = servers or []
         self.openapi_url = openapi_url
         self.openapi_tags = openapi_tags
         # TODO: remove when discarding the openapi_prefix parameter
@@ -83,6 +86,7 @@ class FastAPI(Starlette):
                 "https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/sub-applications/"
             )
         self.root_path = root_path or openapi_prefix
+        self.root_path_in_servers = root_path_in_servers
         self.docs_url = docs_url
         self.redoc_url = redoc_url
         self.swagger_ui_oauth2_redirect_url = swagger_ui_oauth2_redirect_url
@@ -98,7 +102,7 @@ class FastAPI(Starlette):
         self.openapi_schema: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None
         self.setup()
 
-    def openapi(self, openapi_prefix: str = "") -> Dict:
+    def openapi(self) -> Dict:
         if not self.openapi_schema:
             self.openapi_schema = get_openapi(
                 title=self.title,
@@ -106,7 +110,6 @@ class FastAPI(Starlette):
                 openapi_version=self.openapi_version,
                 description=self.description,
                 routes=self.routes,
-                openapi_prefix=openapi_prefix,
                 tags=self.openapi_tags,
                 servers=self.servers,
             )
@@ -114,10 +117,16 @@ class FastAPI(Starlette):
 
     def setup(self) -> None:
         if self.openapi_url:
+            urls = (server_data.get("url") for server_data in self.servers)
+            server_urls = {url for url in urls if url}
 
             async def openapi(req: Request) -> JSONResponse:
                 root_path = req.scope.get("root_path", "").rstrip("/")
-                return JSONResponse(self.openapi(root_path))
+                if root_path not in server_urls:
+                    if root_path and self.root_path_in_servers:
+                        self.servers.insert(0, {"url": root_path})
+                        server_urls.add(root_path)
+                return JSONResponse(self.openapi())
 
             self.add_route(self.openapi_url, openapi, include_in_schema=False)
         if self.openapi_url and self.docs_url:
@@ -177,27 +186,27 @@ class FastAPI(Starlette):
         path: str,
         endpoint: Callable,
         *,
-        response_model: Type[Any] = None,
+        response_model: Optional[Type[Any]] = None,
         status_code: int = 200,
-        tags: List[str] = None,
-        dependencies: Sequence[Depends] = None,
-        summary: str = None,
-        description: str = None,
+        tags: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        dependencies: Optional[Sequence[Depends]] = None,
+        summary: Optional[str] = None,
+        description: Optional[str] = None,
         response_description: str = "Successful Response",
-        responses: Dict[Union[int, str], Dict[str, Any]] = None,
-        deprecated: bool = None,
-        methods: List[str] = None,
-        operation_id: str = None,
-        response_model_include: Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny] = None,
+        responses: Optional[Dict[Union[int, str], Dict[str, Any]]] = None,
+        deprecated: Optional[bool] = None,
+        methods: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        operation_id: Optional[str] = None,
+        response_model_include: Optional[Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny]] = None,
         response_model_exclude: Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny] = set(),
         response_model_by_alias: bool = True,
-        response_model_skip_defaults: bool = None,
+        response_model_skip_defaults: Optional[bool] = None,
         response_model_exclude_unset: bool = False,
         response_model_exclude_defaults: bool = False,
         response_model_exclude_none: bool = False,
         include_in_schema: bool = True,
-        response_class: Type[Response] = None,
-        name: str = None,
+        response_class: Optional[Type[Response]] = None,
+        name: Optional[str] = None,
     ) -> None:
         if response_model_skip_defaults is not None:
             warning_response_model_skip_defaults_deprecated()  # pragma: nocover
@@ -232,27 +241,27 @@ class FastAPI(Starlette):
         self,
         path: str,
         *,
-        response_model: Type[Any] = None,
+        response_model: Optional[Type[Any]] = None,
         status_code: int = 200,
-        tags: List[str] = None,
-        dependencies: Sequence[Depends] = None,
-        summary: str = None,
-        description: str = None,
+        tags: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        dependencies: Optional[Sequence[Depends]] = None,
+        summary: Optional[str] = None,
+        description: Optional[str] = None,
         response_description: str = "Successful Response",
-        responses: Dict[Union[int, str], Dict[str, Any]] = None,
-        deprecated: bool = None,
-        methods: List[str] = None,
-        operation_id: str = None,
-        response_model_include: Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny] = None,
+        responses: Optional[Dict[Union[int, str], Dict[str, Any]]] = None,
+        deprecated: Optional[bool] = None,
+        methods: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        operation_id: Optional[str] = None,
+        response_model_include: Optional[Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny]] = None,
         response_model_exclude: Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny] = set(),
         response_model_by_alias: bool = True,
-        response_model_skip_defaults: bool = None,
+        response_model_skip_defaults: Optional[bool] = None,
         response_model_exclude_unset: bool = False,
         response_model_exclude_defaults: bool = False,
         response_model_exclude_none: bool = False,
         include_in_schema: bool = True,
-        response_class: Type[Response] = None,
-        name: str = None,
+        response_class: Optional[Type[Response]] = None,
+        name: Optional[str] = None,
     ) -> Callable:
         if response_model_skip_defaults is not None:
             warning_response_model_skip_defaults_deprecated()  # pragma: nocover
@@ -289,11 +298,11 @@ class FastAPI(Starlette):
         return decorator
 
     def add_api_websocket_route(
-        self, path: str, endpoint: Callable, name: str = None
+        self, path: str, endpoint: Callable, name: Optional[str] = None
     ) -> None:
         self.router.add_api_websocket_route(path, endpoint, name=name)
 
-    def websocket(self, path: str, name: str = None) -> Callable:
+    def websocket(self, path: str, name: Optional[str] = None) -> Callable:
         def decorator(func: Callable) -> Callable:
             self.add_api_websocket_route(path, func, name=name)
             return func
@@ -305,9 +314,9 @@ class FastAPI(Starlette):
         router: routing.APIRouter,
         *,
         prefix: str = "",
-        tags: List[str] = None,
-        dependencies: Sequence[Depends] = None,
-        responses: Dict[Union[int, str], Dict[str, Any]] = None,
+        tags: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        dependencies: Optional[Sequence[Depends]] = None,
+        responses: Optional[Dict[Union[int, str], Dict[str, Any]]] = None,
         default_response_class: Optional[Type[Response]] = None,
     ) -> None:
         self.router.include_router(
@@ -324,27 +333,27 @@ class FastAPI(Starlette):
         self,
         path: str,
         *,
-        response_model: Type[Any] = None,
+        response_model: Optional[Type[Any]] = None,
         status_code: int = 200,
-        tags: List[str] = None,
-        dependencies: Sequence[Depends] = None,
-        summary: str = None,
-        description: str = None,
+        tags: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        dependencies: Optional[Sequence[Depends]] = None,
+        summary: Optional[str] = None,
+        description: Optional[str] = None,
         response_description: str = "Successful Response",
-        responses: Dict[Union[int, str], Dict[str, Any]] = None,
-        deprecated: bool = None,
-        operation_id: str = None,
-        response_model_include: Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny] = None,
+        responses: Optional[Dict[Union[int, str], Dict[str, Any]]] = None,
+        deprecated: Optional[bool] = None,
+        operation_id: Optional[str] = None,
+        response_model_include: Optional[Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny]] = None,
         response_model_exclude: Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny] = set(),
         response_model_by_alias: bool = True,
-        response_model_skip_defaults: bool = None,
+        response_model_skip_defaults: Optional[bool] = None,
         response_model_exclude_unset: bool = False,
         response_model_exclude_defaults: bool = False,
         response_model_exclude_none: bool = False,
         include_in_schema: bool = True,
-        response_class: Type[Response] = None,
-        name: str = None,
-        callbacks: List[routing.APIRoute] = None,
+        response_class: Optional[Type[Response]] = None,
+        name: Optional[str] = None,
+        callbacks: Optional[List[routing.APIRoute]] = None,
     ) -> Callable:
         if response_model_skip_defaults is not None:
             warning_response_model_skip_defaults_deprecated()  # pragma: nocover
@@ -378,27 +387,27 @@ class FastAPI(Starlette):
         self,
         path: str,
         *,
-        response_model: Type[Any] = None,
+        response_model: Optional[Type[Any]] = None,
         status_code: int = 200,
-        tags: List[str] = None,
-        dependencies: Sequence[Depends] = None,
-        summary: str = None,
-        description: str = None,
+        tags: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        dependencies: Optional[Sequence[Depends]] = None,
+        summary: Optional[str] = None,
+        description: Optional[str] = None,
         response_description: str = "Successful Response",
-        responses: Dict[Union[int, str], Dict[str, Any]] = None,
-        deprecated: bool = None,
-        operation_id: str = None,
-        response_model_include: Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny] = None,
+        responses: Optional[Dict[Union[int, str], Dict[str, Any]]] = None,
+        deprecated: Optional[bool] = None,
+        operation_id: Optional[str] = None,
+        response_model_include: Optional[Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny]] = None,
         response_model_exclude: Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny] = set(),
         response_model_by_alias: bool = True,
-        response_model_skip_defaults: bool = None,
+        response_model_skip_defaults: Optional[bool] = None,
         response_model_exclude_unset: bool = False,
         response_model_exclude_defaults: bool = False,
         response_model_exclude_none: bool = False,
         include_in_schema: bool = True,
-        response_class: Type[Response] = None,
-        name: str = None,
-        callbacks: List[routing.APIRoute] = None,
+        response_class: Optional[Type[Response]] = None,
+        name: Optional[str] = None,
+        callbacks: Optional[List[routing.APIRoute]] = None,
     ) -> Callable:
         if response_model_skip_defaults is not None:
             warning_response_model_skip_defaults_deprecated()  # pragma: nocover
@@ -432,27 +441,27 @@ class FastAPI(Starlette):
         self,
         path: str,
         *,
-        response_model: Type[Any] = None,
+        response_model: Optional[Type[Any]] = None,
         status_code: int = 200,
-        tags: List[str] = None,
-        dependencies: Sequence[Depends] = None,
-        summary: str = None,
-        description: str = None,
+        tags: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        dependencies: Optional[Sequence[Depends]] = None,
+        summary: Optional[str] = None,
+        description: Optional[str] = None,
         response_description: str = "Successful Response",
-        responses: Dict[Union[int, str], Dict[str, Any]] = None,
-        deprecated: bool = None,
-        operation_id: str = None,
-        response_model_include: Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny] = None,
+        responses: Optional[Dict[Union[int, str], Dict[str, Any]]] = None,
+        deprecated: Optional[bool] = None,
+        operation_id: Optional[str] = None,
+        response_model_include: Optional[Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny]] = None,
         response_model_exclude: Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny] = set(),
         response_model_by_alias: bool = True,
-        response_model_skip_defaults: bool = None,
+        response_model_skip_defaults: Optional[bool] = None,
         response_model_exclude_unset: bool = False,
         response_model_exclude_defaults: bool = False,
         response_model_exclude_none: bool = False,
         include_in_schema: bool = True,
-        response_class: Type[Response] = None,
-        name: str = None,
-        callbacks: List[routing.APIRoute] = None,
+        response_class: Optional[Type[Response]] = None,
+        name: Optional[str] = None,
+        callbacks: Optional[List[routing.APIRoute]] = None,
     ) -> Callable:
         if response_model_skip_defaults is not None:
             warning_response_model_skip_defaults_deprecated()  # pragma: nocover
@@ -486,27 +495,27 @@ class FastAPI(Starlette):
         self,
         path: str,
         *,
-        response_model: Type[Any] = None,
+        response_model: Optional[Type[Any]] = None,
         status_code: int = 200,
-        tags: List[str] = None,
-        dependencies: Sequence[Depends] = None,
-        summary: str = None,
-        description: str = None,
+        tags: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        dependencies: Optional[Sequence[Depends]] = None,
+        summary: Optional[str] = None,
+        description: Optional[str] = None,
         response_description: str = "Successful Response",
-        responses: Dict[Union[int, str], Dict[str, Any]] = None,
-        deprecated: bool = None,
-        operation_id: str = None,
-        response_model_include: Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny] = None,
+        responses: Optional[Dict[Union[int, str], Dict[str, Any]]] = None,
+        deprecated: Optional[bool] = None,
+        operation_id: Optional[str] = None,
+        response_model_include: Optional[Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny]] = None,
         response_model_exclude: Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny] = set(),
         response_model_by_alias: bool = True,
-        response_model_skip_defaults: bool = None,
+        response_model_skip_defaults: Optional[bool] = None,
         response_model_exclude_unset: bool = False,
         response_model_exclude_defaults: bool = False,
         response_model_exclude_none: bool = False,
         include_in_schema: bool = True,
-        response_class: Type[Response] = None,
-        name: str = None,
-        callbacks: List[routing.APIRoute] = None,
+        response_class: Optional[Type[Response]] = None,
+        name: Optional[str] = None,
+        callbacks: Optional[List[routing.APIRoute]] = None,
     ) -> Callable:
         if response_model_skip_defaults is not None:
             warning_response_model_skip_defaults_deprecated()  # pragma: nocover
@@ -540,27 +549,27 @@ class FastAPI(Starlette):
         self,
         path: str,
         *,
-        response_model: Type[Any] = None,
+        response_model: Optional[Type[Any]] = None,
         status_code: int = 200,
-        tags: List[str] = None,
-        dependencies: Sequence[Depends] = None,
-        summary: str = None,
-        description: str = None,
+        tags: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        dependencies: Optional[Sequence[Depends]] = None,
+        summary: Optional[str] = None,
+        description: Optional[str] = None,
         response_description: str = "Successful Response",
-        responses: Dict[Union[int, str], Dict[str, Any]] = None,
-        deprecated: bool = None,
-        operation_id: str = None,
-        response_model_include: Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny] = None,
+        responses: Optional[Dict[Union[int, str], Dict[str, Any]]] = None,
+        deprecated: Optional[bool] = None,
+        operation_id: Optional[str] = None,
+        response_model_include: Optional[Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny]] = None,
         response_model_exclude: Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny] = set(),
         response_model_by_alias: bool = True,
-        response_model_skip_defaults: bool = None,
+        response_model_skip_defaults: Optional[bool] = None,
         response_model_exclude_unset: bool = False,
         response_model_exclude_defaults: bool = False,
         response_model_exclude_none: bool = False,
         include_in_schema: bool = True,
-        response_class: Type[Response] = None,
-        name: str = None,
-        callbacks: List[routing.APIRoute] = None,
+        response_class: Optional[Type[Response]] = None,
+        name: Optional[str] = None,
+        callbacks: Optional[List[routing.APIRoute]] = None,
     ) -> Callable:
         if response_model_skip_defaults is not None:
             warning_response_model_skip_defaults_deprecated()  # pragma: nocover
@@ -594,27 +603,27 @@ class FastAPI(Starlette):
         self,
         path: str,
         *,
-        response_model: Type[Any] = None,
+        response_model: Optional[Type[Any]] = None,
         status_code: int = 200,
-        tags: List[str] = None,
-        dependencies: Sequence[Depends] = None,
-        summary: str = None,
-        description: str = None,
+        tags: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        dependencies: Optional[Sequence[Depends]] = None,
+        summary: Optional[str] = None,
+        description: Optional[str] = None,
         response_description: str = "Successful Response",
-        responses: Dict[Union[int, str], Dict[str, Any]] = None,
-        deprecated: bool = None,
-        operation_id: str = None,
-        response_model_include: Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny] = None,
+        responses: Optional[Dict[Union[int, str], Dict[str, Any]]] = None,
+        deprecated: Optional[bool] = None,
+        operation_id: Optional[str] = None,
+        response_model_include: Optional[Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny]] = None,
         response_model_exclude: Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny] = set(),
         response_model_by_alias: bool = True,
-        response_model_skip_defaults: bool = None,
+        response_model_skip_defaults: Optional[bool] = None,
         response_model_exclude_unset: bool = False,
         response_model_exclude_defaults: bool = False,
         response_model_exclude_none: bool = False,
         include_in_schema: bool = True,
-        response_class: Type[Response] = None,
-        name: str = None,
-        callbacks: List[routing.APIRoute] = None,
+        response_class: Optional[Type[Response]] = None,
+        name: Optional[str] = None,
+        callbacks: Optional[List[routing.APIRoute]] = None,
     ) -> Callable:
         if response_model_skip_defaults is not None:
             warning_response_model_skip_defaults_deprecated()  # pragma: nocover
@@ -648,27 +657,27 @@ class FastAPI(Starlette):
         self,
         path: str,
         *,
-        response_model: Type[Any] = None,
+        response_model: Optional[Type[Any]] = None,
         status_code: int = 200,
-        tags: List[str] = None,
-        dependencies: Sequence[Depends] = None,
-        summary: str = None,
-        description: str = None,
+        tags: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        dependencies: Optional[Sequence[Depends]] = None,
+        summary: Optional[str] = None,
+        description: Optional[str] = None,
         response_description: str = "Successful Response",
-        responses: Dict[Union[int, str], Dict[str, Any]] = None,
-        deprecated: bool = None,
-        operation_id: str = None,
-        response_model_include: Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny] = None,
+        responses: Optional[Dict[Union[int, str], Dict[str, Any]]] = None,
+        deprecated: Optional[bool] = None,
+        operation_id: Optional[str] = None,
+        response_model_include: Optional[Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny]] = None,
         response_model_exclude: Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny] = set(),
         response_model_by_alias: bool = True,
-        response_model_skip_defaults: bool = None,
+        response_model_skip_defaults: Optional[bool] = None,
         response_model_exclude_unset: bool = False,
         response_model_exclude_defaults: bool = False,
         response_model_exclude_none: bool = False,
         include_in_schema: bool = True,
-        response_class: Type[Response] = None,
-        name: str = None,
-        callbacks: List[routing.APIRoute] = None,
+        response_class: Optional[Type[Response]] = None,
+        name: Optional[str] = None,
+        callbacks: Optional[List[routing.APIRoute]] = None,
     ) -> Callable:
         if response_model_skip_defaults is not None:
             warning_response_model_skip_defaults_deprecated()  # pragma: nocover
@@ -702,27 +711,27 @@ class FastAPI(Starlette):
         self,
         path: str,
         *,
-        response_model: Type[Any] = None,
+        response_model: Optional[Type[Any]] = None,
         status_code: int = 200,
-        tags: List[str] = None,
-        dependencies: Sequence[Depends] = None,
-        summary: str = None,
-        description: str = None,
+        tags: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        dependencies: Optional[Sequence[Depends]] = None,
+        summary: Optional[str] = None,
+        description: Optional[str] = None,
         response_description: str = "Successful Response",
-        responses: Dict[Union[int, str], Dict[str, Any]] = None,
-        deprecated: bool = None,
-        operation_id: str = None,
-        response_model_include: Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny] = None,
+        responses: Optional[Dict[Union[int, str], Dict[str, Any]]] = None,
+        deprecated: Optional[bool] = None,
+        operation_id: Optional[str] = None,
+        response_model_include: Optional[Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny]] = None,
         response_model_exclude: Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny] = set(),
         response_model_by_alias: bool = True,
-        response_model_skip_defaults: bool = None,
+        response_model_skip_defaults: Optional[bool] = None,
         response_model_exclude_unset: bool = False,
         response_model_exclude_defaults: bool = False,
         response_model_exclude_none: bool = False,
         include_in_schema: bool = True,
-        response_class: Type[Response] = None,
-        name: str = None,
-        callbacks: List[routing.APIRoute] = None,
+        response_class: Optional[Type[Response]] = None,
+        name: Optional[str] = None,
+        callbacks: Optional[List[routing.APIRoute]] = None,
     ) -> Callable:
         if response_model_skip_defaults is not None:
             warning_response_model_skip_defaults_deprecated()  # pragma: nocover

fastapi/dependencies/models.py

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-from typing import Callable, List, Sequence
+from typing import Callable, List, Optional, Sequence
 
 from fastapi.security.base import SecurityBase
 
@@ -12,7 +12,9 @@ param_supported_types = (str, int, float, bool)
 
 
 class SecurityRequirement:
-    def __init__(self, security_scheme: SecurityBase, scopes: Sequence[str] = None):
+    def __init__(
+        self, security_scheme: SecurityBase, scopes: Optional[Sequence[str]] = None
+    ):
         self.security_scheme = security_scheme
         self.scopes = scopes
 
@@ -21,23 +23,23 @@ class Dependant:
     def __init__(
         self,
         *,
-        path_params: List[ModelField] = None,
-        query_params: List[ModelField] = None,
-        header_params: List[ModelField] = None,
-        cookie_params: List[ModelField] = None,
-        body_params: List[ModelField] = None,
-        dependencies: List["Dependant"] = None,
-        security_schemes: List[SecurityRequirement] = None,
-        name: str = None,
-        call: Callable = None,
-        request_param_name: str = None,
-        websocket_param_name: str = None,
-        response_param_name: str = None,
-        background_tasks_param_name: str = None,
-        security_scopes_param_name: str = None,
-        security_scopes: List[str] = None,
+        path_params: Optional[List[ModelField]] = None,
+        query_params: Optional[List[ModelField]] = None,
+        header_params: Optional[List[ModelField]] = None,
+        cookie_params: Optional[List[ModelField]] = None,
+        body_params: Optional[List[ModelField]] = None,
+        dependencies: Optional[List["Dependant"]] = None,
+        security_schemes: Optional[List[SecurityRequirement]] = None,
+        name: Optional[str] = None,
+        call: Optional[Callable] = None,
+        request_param_name: Optional[str] = None,
+        websocket_param_name: Optional[str] = None,
+        response_param_name: Optional[str] = None,
+        background_tasks_param_name: Optional[str] = None,
+        security_scopes_param_name: Optional[str] = None,
+        security_scopes: Optional[List[str]] = None,
         use_cache: bool = True,
-        path: str = None,
+        path: Optional[str] = None,
     ) -> None:
         self.path_params = path_params or []
         self.query_params = query_params or []

fastapi/dependencies/utils.py

@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ from fastapi.concurrency import (
     contextmanager_in_threadpool,
 )
 from fastapi.dependencies.models import Dependant, SecurityRequirement
+from fastapi.logger import logger
 from fastapi.security.base import SecurityBase
 from fastapi.security.oauth2 import OAuth2, SecurityScopes
 from fastapi.security.open_id_connect_url import OpenIdConnect
@@ -60,9 +61,9 @@ try:
     from pydantic.typing import ForwardRef, evaluate_forwardref
 except ImportError:  # pragma: nocover
     # TODO: remove when removing support for Pydantic < 1.0.0
+    from pydantic import Schema as FieldInfo  # type: ignore
     from pydantic.fields import Field as ModelField  # type: ignore
     from pydantic.fields import Required, Shape  # type: ignore
-    from pydantic import Schema as FieldInfo  # type: ignore
     from pydantic.schema import get_annotation_from_schema  # type: ignore
     from pydantic.utils import ForwardRef, evaluate_forwardref  # type: ignore
 
@@ -96,8 +97,44 @@ sequence_shape_to_type = {
 }
 
 
+multipart_not_installed_error = (
+    'Form data requires "python-multipart" to be installed. \n'
+    'You can install "python-multipart" with: \n\n'
+    "pip install python-multipart\n"
+)
+multipart_incorrect_install_error = (
+    'Form data requires "python-multipart" to be installed. '
+    'It seems you installed "multipart" instead. \n'
+    'You can remove "multipart" with: \n\n'
+    "pip uninstall multipart\n\n"
+    'And then install "python-multipart" with: \n\n'
+    "pip install python-multipart\n"
+)
+
+
+def check_file_field(field: ModelField) -> None:
+    field_info = get_field_info(field)
+    if isinstance(field_info, params.Form):
+        try:
+            # __version__ is available in both multiparts, and can be mocked
+            from multipart import __version__
+
+            assert __version__
+            try:
+                # parse_options_header is only available in the right multlipart
+                from multipart.multipart import parse_options_header
+
+                assert parse_options_header
+            except ImportError:
+                logger.error(multipart_incorrect_install_error)
+                raise RuntimeError(multipart_incorrect_install_error)
+        except ImportError:
+            logger.error(multipart_not_installed_error)
+            raise RuntimeError(multipart_not_installed_error)
+
+
 def get_param_sub_dependant(
-    *, param: inspect.Parameter, path: str, security_scopes: List[str] = None
+    *, param: inspect.Parameter, path: str, security_scopes: Optional[List[str]] = None
 ) -> Dependant:
     depends: params.Depends = param.default
     if depends.dependency:
@@ -125,8 +162,8 @@ def get_sub_dependant(
     depends: params.Depends,
     dependency: Callable,
     path: str,
-    name: str = None,
-    security_scopes: List[str] = None,
+    name: Optional[str] = None,
+    security_scopes: Optional[List[str]] = None,
 ) -> Dependant:
     security_requirement = None
     security_scopes = security_scopes or []
@@ -157,7 +194,10 @@ CacheKey = Tuple[Optional[Callable], Tuple[str, ...]]
 
 
 def get_flat_dependant(
-    dependant: Dependant, *, skip_repeats: bool = False, visited: List[CacheKey] = None
+    dependant: Dependant,
+    *,
+    skip_repeats: bool = False,
+    visited: Optional[List[CacheKey]] = None,
 ) -> Dependant:
     if visited is None:
         visited = []
@@ -246,7 +286,9 @@ def get_typed_signature(call: Callable) -> inspect.Signature:
 def get_typed_annotation(param: inspect.Parameter, globalns: Dict[str, Any]) -> Any:
     annotation = param.annotation
     if isinstance(annotation, str):
-        annotation = ForwardRef(annotation)
+        # Temporary ignore type
+        # Ref: https://github.com/samuelcolvin/pydantic/issues/1738
+        annotation = ForwardRef(annotation)  # type: ignore
         annotation = evaluate_forwardref(annotation, globalns, globalns)
     return annotation
 
@@ -267,8 +309,8 @@ def get_dependant(
     *,
     path: str,
     call: Callable,
-    name: str = None,
-    security_scopes: List[str] = None,
+    name: Optional[str] = None,
+    security_scopes: Optional[List[str]] = None,
     use_cache: bool = True,
 ) -> Dependant:
     path_param_names = get_path_param_names(path)
@@ -283,8 +325,6 @@ def get_dependant(
                 param=param, path=path, security_scopes=security_scopes
             )
             dependant.dependencies.append(sub_dependant)
-    for param_name, param in signature_params.items():
-        if isinstance(param.default, params.Depends):
             continue
         if add_non_field_param_to_dependency(param=param, dependant=dependant):
             continue
@@ -348,7 +388,7 @@ def get_param_field(
     param: inspect.Parameter,
     param_name: str,
     default_field_info: Type[params.Param] = params.Param,
-    force_type: params.ParamTypes = None,
+    force_type: Optional[params.ParamTypes] = None,
     ignore_default: bool = False,
 ) -> ModelField:
     default_value = Required
@@ -456,10 +496,10 @@ async def solve_dependencies(
     request: Union[Request, WebSocket],
     dependant: Dependant,
     body: Optional[Union[Dict[str, Any], FormData]] = None,
-    background_tasks: BackgroundTasks = None,
-    response: Response = None,
-    dependency_overrides_provider: Any = None,
-    dependency_cache: Dict[Tuple[Callable, Tuple[str]], Any] = None,
+    background_tasks: Optional[BackgroundTasks] = None,
+    response: Optional[Response] = None,
+    dependency_overrides_provider: Optional[Any] = None,
+    dependency_cache: Optional[Dict[Tuple[Callable, Tuple[str]], Any]] = None,
 ) -> Tuple[
     Dict[str, Any],
     List[ErrorWrapper],
@@ -653,7 +693,7 @@ async def request_body_to_args(
             else:
                 loc = ("body", field.alias)
 
-            value: Any = None
+            value: Optional[Any] = None
             if received_body is not None:
                 if (
                     field.shape in sequence_shapes or field.type_ in sequence_types
@@ -730,9 +770,8 @@ def get_schema_compatible_field(*, field: ModelField) -> ModelField:
             default=field.default,
             required=field.required,
             alias=field.alias,
-            field_info=field.field_info if PYDANTIC_1 else field.schema,  # type: ignore
+            field_info=get_field_info(field),
         )
-
     return out_field
 
 
@@ -743,9 +782,11 @@ def get_body_field(*, dependant: Dependant, name: str) -> Optional[ModelField]:
     first_param = flat_dependant.body_params[0]
     field_info = get_field_info(first_param)
     embed = getattr(field_info, "embed", None)
-    body_param_names_set = set([param.name for param in flat_dependant.body_params])
+    body_param_names_set = {param.name for param in flat_dependant.body_params}
     if len(body_param_names_set) == 1 and not embed:
-        return get_schema_compatible_field(field=first_param)
+        final_field = get_schema_compatible_field(field=first_param)
+        check_file_field(final_field)
+        return final_field
     # If one field requires to embed, all have to be embedded
     # in case a sub-dependency is evaluated with a single unique body field
     # That is combined (embedded) with other body fields
@@ -776,10 +817,12 @@ def get_body_field(*, dependant: Dependant, name: str) -> Optional[ModelField]:
         ]
         if len(set(body_param_media_types)) == 1:
             BodyFieldInfo_kwargs["media_type"] = body_param_media_types[0]
-    return create_response_field(
+    final_field = create_response_field(
         name="body",
         type_=BodyModel,
         required=required,
         alias="body",
         field_info=BodyFieldInfo(**BodyFieldInfo_kwargs),
     )
+    check_file_field(final_field)
+    return final_field

fastapi/encoders.py

@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
+from collections import defaultdict
 from enum import Enum
 from pathlib import PurePath
 from types import GeneratorType
-from typing import Any, Callable, Dict, List, Set, Tuple, Union
+from typing import Any, Callable, Dict, List, Optional, Set, Tuple, Union
 
 from fastapi.logger import logger
 from fastapi.utils import PYDANTIC_1
@@ -15,12 +16,9 @@ DictIntStrAny = Dict[Union[int, str], Any]
 def generate_encoders_by_class_tuples(
     type_encoder_map: Dict[Any, Callable]
 ) -> Dict[Callable, Tuple]:
-    encoders_by_classes: Dict[Callable, List] = {}
+    encoders_by_class_tuples: Dict[Callable, Tuple] = defaultdict(tuple)
     for type_, encoder in type_encoder_map.items():
-        encoders_by_classes.setdefault(encoder, []).append(type_)
-    encoders_by_class_tuples: Dict[Callable, Tuple] = {}
-    for encoder, classes in encoders_by_classes.items():
-        encoders_by_class_tuples[encoder] = tuple(classes)
+        encoders_by_class_tuples[encoder] += (type_,)
     return encoders_by_class_tuples
 
 
@@ -29,10 +27,10 @@ encoders_by_class_tuples = generate_encoders_by_class_tuples(ENCODERS_BY_TYPE)
 
 def jsonable_encoder(
     obj: Any,
-    include: Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny] = None,
+    include: Optional[Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny]] = None,
     exclude: Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny] = set(),
     by_alias: bool = True,
-    skip_defaults: bool = None,
+    skip_defaults: Optional[bool] = None,
     exclude_unset: bool = False,
     exclude_defaults: bool = False,
     exclude_none: bool = False,
@@ -50,7 +48,7 @@ def jsonable_encoder(
     if exclude is not None and not isinstance(exclude, set):
         exclude = set(exclude)
     if isinstance(obj, BaseModel):
-        encoder = getattr(obj.Config, "json_encoders", {})
+        encoder = getattr(obj.__config__, "json_encoders", {})
         if custom_encoder:
             encoder.update(custom_encoder)
         if PYDANTIC_1:

fastapi/exceptions.py

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-from typing import Any, Sequence
+from typing import Any, Dict, Optional, Sequence
 
 from fastapi.utils import PYDANTIC_1
 from pydantic import ValidationError, create_model
@@ -10,7 +10,10 @@ from starlette.websockets import WebSocket
 
 class HTTPException(StarletteHTTPException):
     def __init__(
-        self, status_code: int, detail: Any = None, headers: dict = None
+        self,
+        status_code: int,
+        detail: Any = None,
+        headers: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None,
     ) -> None:
         super().__init__(status_code=status_code, detail=detail)
         self.headers = headers

fastapi/openapi/constants.py

@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
-METHODS_WITH_BODY = set(("POST", "PUT", "DELETE", "PATCH"))
-STATUS_CODES_WITH_NO_BODY = set((100, 101, 102, 103, 204, 304))
+METHODS_WITH_BODY = {"GET", "HEAD", "POST", "PUT", "DELETE", "PATCH"}
+STATUS_CODES_WITH_NO_BODY = {100, 101, 102, 103, 204, 304}
 REF_PREFIX = "#/components/schemas/"

fastapi/openapi/docs.py

@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@ def get_swagger_ui_html(
     *,
     openapi_url: str,
     title: str,
-    swagger_js_url: str = "https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/swagger-ui-dist@3/swagger-ui-bundle.js",
-    swagger_css_url: str = "https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/swagger-ui-dist@3/swagger-ui.css",
+    swagger_js_url: str = "https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/swagger-ui-dist@3.30.0/swagger-ui-bundle.js",
+    swagger_css_url: str = "https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/swagger-ui-dist@3.30.0/swagger-ui.css",
     swagger_favicon_url: str = "https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/favicon.png",
     oauth2_redirect_url: Optional[str] = None,
     init_oauth: Optional[dict] = None,

fastapi/openapi/utils.py

@@ -329,9 +329,8 @@ def get_openapi(
     title: str,
     version: str,
     openapi_version: str = "3.0.2",
-    description: str = None,
+    description: Optional[str] = None,
     routes: Sequence[BaseRoute],
-    openapi_prefix: str = "",
     tags: Optional[List[Dict[str, Any]]] = None,
     servers: Optional[List[Dict[str, Union[str, Any]]]] = None,
 ) -> Dict:
@@ -356,9 +355,7 @@ def get_openapi(
             if result:
                 path, security_schemes, path_definitions = result
                 if path:
-                    paths.setdefault(openapi_prefix + route.path_format, {}).update(
-                        path
-                    )
+                    paths.setdefault(route.path_format, {}).update(path)
                 if security_schemes:
                     components.setdefault("securitySchemes", {}).update(
                         security_schemes

fastapi/param_functions.py

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-from typing import Any, Callable, Sequence
+from typing import Any, Callable, Optional, Sequence
 
 from fastapi import params
 
@@ -6,17 +6,17 @@ from fastapi import params
 def Path(  # noqa: N802
     default: Any,
     *,
-    alias: str = None,
-    title: str = None,
-    description: str = None,
-    gt: float = None,
-    ge: float = None,
-    lt: float = None,
-    le: float = None,
-    min_length: int = None,
-    max_length: int = None,
-    regex: str = None,
-    deprecated: bool = None,
+    alias: Optional[str] = None,
+    title: Optional[str] = None,
+    description: Optional[str] = None,
+    gt: Optional[float] = None,
+    ge: Optional[float] = None,
+    lt: Optional[float] = None,
+    le: Optional[float] = None,
+    min_length: Optional[int] = None,
+    max_length: Optional[int] = None,
+    regex: Optional[str] = None,
+    deprecated: Optional[bool] = None,
     **extra: Any,
 ) -> Any:
     return params.Path(
@@ -39,17 +39,17 @@ def Path(  # noqa: N802
 def Query(  # noqa: N802
     default: Any,
     *,
-    alias: str = None,
-    title: str = None,
-    description: str = None,
-    gt: float = None,
-    ge: float = None,
-    lt: float = None,
-    le: float = None,
-    min_length: int = None,
-    max_length: int = None,
-    regex: str = None,
-    deprecated: bool = None,
+    alias: Optional[str] = None,
+    title: Optional[str] = None,
+    description: Optional[str] = None,
+    gt: Optional[float] = None,
+    ge: Optional[float] = None,
+    lt: Optional[float] = None,
+    le: Optional[float] = None,
+    min_length: Optional[int] = None,
+    max_length: Optional[int] = None,
+    regex: Optional[str] = None,
+    deprecated: Optional[bool] = None,
     **extra: Any,
 ) -> Any:
     return params.Query(
@@ -72,18 +72,18 @@ def Query(  # noqa: N802
 def Header(  # noqa: N802
     default: Any,
     *,
-    alias: str = None,
+    alias: Optional[str] = None,
     convert_underscores: bool = True,
-    title: str = None,
-    description: str = None,
-    gt: float = None,
-    ge: float = None,
-    lt: float = None,
-    le: float = None,
-    min_length: int = None,
-    max_length: int = None,
-    regex: str = None,
-    deprecated: bool = None,
+    title: Optional[str] = None,
+    description: Optional[str] = None,
+    gt: Optional[float] = None,
+    ge: Optional[float] = None,
+    lt: Optional[float] = None,
+    le: Optional[float] = None,
+    min_length: Optional[int] = None,
+    max_length: Optional[int] = None,
+    regex: Optional[str] = None,
+    deprecated: Optional[bool] = None,
     **extra: Any,
 ) -> Any:
     return params.Header(
@@ -107,17 +107,17 @@ def Header(  # noqa: N802
 def Cookie(  # noqa: N802
     default: Any,
     *,
-    alias: str = None,
-    title: str = None,
-    description: str = None,
-    gt: float = None,
-    ge: float = None,
-    lt: float = None,
-    le: float = None,
-    min_length: int = None,
-    max_length: int = None,
-    regex: str = None,
-    deprecated: bool = None,
+    alias: Optional[str] = None,
+    title: Optional[str] = None,
+    description: Optional[str] = None,
+    gt: Optional[float] = None,
+    ge: Optional[float] = None,
+    lt: Optional[float] = None,
+    le: Optional[float] = None,
+    min_length: Optional[int] = None,
+    max_length: Optional[int] = None,
+    regex: Optional[str] = None,
+    deprecated: Optional[bool] = None,
     **extra: Any,
 ) -> Any:
     return params.Cookie(
@@ -142,16 +142,16 @@ def Body(  # noqa: N802
     *,
     embed: bool = False,
     media_type: str = "application/json",
-    alias: str = None,
-    title: str = None,
-    description: str = None,
-    gt: float = None,
-    ge: float = None,
-    lt: float = None,
-    le: float = None,
-    min_length: int = None,
-    max_length: int = None,
-    regex: str = None,
+    alias: Optional[str] = None,
+    title: Optional[str] = None,
+    description: Optional[str] = None,
+    gt: Optional[float] = None,
+    ge: Optional[float] = None,
+    lt: Optional[float] = None,
+    le: Optional[float] = None,
+    min_length: Optional[int] = None,
+    max_length: Optional[int] = None,
+    regex: Optional[str] = None,
     **extra: Any,
 ) -> Any:
     return params.Body(
@@ -176,16 +176,16 @@ def Form(  # noqa: N802
     default: Any,
     *,
     media_type: str = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded",
-    alias: str = None,
-    title: str = None,
-    description: str = None,
-    gt: float = None,
-    ge: float = None,
-    lt: float = None,
-    le: float = None,
-    min_length: int = None,
-    max_length: int = None,
-    regex: str = None,
+    alias: Optional[str] = None,
+    title: Optional[str] = None,
+    description: Optional[str] = None,
+    gt: Optional[float] = None,
+    ge: Optional[float] = None,
+    lt: Optional[float] = None,
+    le: Optional[float] = None,
+    min_length: Optional[int] = None,
+    max_length: Optional[int] = None,
+    regex: Optional[str] = None,
     **extra: Any,
 ) -> Any:
     return params.Form(
@@ -209,16 +209,16 @@ def File(  # noqa: N802
     default: Any,
     *,
     media_type: str = "multipart/form-data",
-    alias: str = None,
-    title: str = None,
-    description: str = None,
-    gt: float = None,
-    ge: float = None,
-    lt: float = None,
-    le: float = None,
-    min_length: int = None,
-    max_length: int = None,
-    regex: str = None,
+    alias: Optional[str] = None,
+    title: Optional[str] = None,
+    description: Optional[str] = None,
+    gt: Optional[float] = None,
+    ge: Optional[float] = None,
+    lt: Optional[float] = None,
+    le: Optional[float] = None,
+    min_length: Optional[int] = None,
+    max_length: Optional[int] = None,
+    regex: Optional[str] = None,
     **extra: Any,
 ) -> Any:
     return params.File(
@@ -239,12 +239,15 @@ def File(  # noqa: N802
 
 
 def Depends(  # noqa: N802
-    dependency: Callable = None, *, use_cache: bool = True
+    dependency: Optional[Callable] = None, *, use_cache: bool = True
 ) -> Any:
     return params.Depends(dependency=dependency, use_cache=use_cache)
 
 
 def Security(  # noqa: N802
-    dependency: Callable = None, *, scopes: Sequence[str] = None, use_cache: bool = True
+    dependency: Optional[Callable] = None,
+    *,
+    scopes: Optional[Sequence[str]] = None,
+    use_cache: bool = True,
 ) -> Any:
     return params.Security(dependency=dependency, scopes=scopes, use_cache=use_cache)

fastapi/params.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 from enum import Enum
-from typing import Any, Callable, Sequence
+from typing import Any, Callable, Optional, Sequence
 
 try:
     from pydantic.fields import FieldInfo
@@ -22,17 +22,17 @@ class Param(FieldInfo):
         self,
         default: Any,
         *,
-        alias: str = None,
-        title: str = None,
-        description: str = None,
-        gt: float = None,
-        ge: float = None,
-        lt: float = None,
-        le: float = None,
-        min_length: int = None,
-        max_length: int = None,
-        regex: str = None,
-        deprecated: bool = None,
+        alias: Optional[str] = None,
+        title: Optional[str] = None,
+        description: Optional[str] = None,
+        gt: Optional[float] = None,
+        ge: Optional[float] = None,
+        lt: Optional[float] = None,
+        le: Optional[float] = None,
+        min_length: Optional[int] = None,
+        max_length: Optional[int] = None,
+        regex: Optional[str] = None,
+        deprecated: Optional[bool] = None,
         **extra: Any,
     ):
         self.deprecated = deprecated
@@ -62,17 +62,17 @@ class Path(Param):
         self,
         default: Any,
         *,
-        alias: str = None,
-        title: str = None,
-        description: str = None,
-        gt: float = None,
-        ge: float = None,
-        lt: float = None,
-        le: float = None,
-        min_length: int = None,
-        max_length: int = None,
-        regex: str = None,
-        deprecated: bool = None,
+        alias: Optional[str] = None,
+        title: Optional[str] = None,
+        description: Optional[str] = None,
+        gt: Optional[float] = None,
+        ge: Optional[float] = None,
+        lt: Optional[float] = None,
+        le: Optional[float] = None,
+        min_length: Optional[int] = None,
+        max_length: Optional[int] = None,
+        regex: Optional[str] = None,
+        deprecated: Optional[bool] = None,
         **extra: Any,
     ):
         self.in_ = self.in_
@@ -100,17 +100,17 @@ class Query(Param):
         self,
         default: Any,
         *,
-        alias: str = None,
-        title: str = None,
-        description: str = None,
-        gt: float = None,
-        ge: float = None,
-        lt: float = None,
-        le: float = None,
-        min_length: int = None,
-        max_length: int = None,
-        regex: str = None,
-        deprecated: bool = None,
+        alias: Optional[str] = None,
+        title: Optional[str] = None,
+        description: Optional[str] = None,
+        gt: Optional[float] = None,
+        ge: Optional[float] = None,
+        lt: Optional[float] = None,
+        le: Optional[float] = None,
+        min_length: Optional[int] = None,
+        max_length: Optional[int] = None,
+        regex: Optional[str] = None,
+        deprecated: Optional[bool] = None,
         **extra: Any,
     ):
         super().__init__(
@@ -137,18 +137,18 @@ class Header(Param):
         self,
         default: Any,
         *,
-        alias: str = None,
+        alias: Optional[str] = None,
         convert_underscores: bool = True,
-        title: str = None,
-        description: str = None,
-        gt: float = None,
-        ge: float = None,
-        lt: float = None,
-        le: float = None,
-        min_length: int = None,
-        max_length: int = None,
-        regex: str = None,
-        deprecated: bool = None,
+        title: Optional[str] = None,
+        description: Optional[str] = None,
+        gt: Optional[float] = None,
+        ge: Optional[float] = None,
+        lt: Optional[float] = None,
+        le: Optional[float] = None,
+        min_length: Optional[int] = None,
+        max_length: Optional[int] = None,
+        regex: Optional[str] = None,
+        deprecated: Optional[bool] = None,
         **extra: Any,
     ):
         self.convert_underscores = convert_underscores
@@ -176,17 +176,17 @@ class Cookie(Param):
         self,
         default: Any,
         *,
-        alias: str = None,
-        title: str = None,
-        description: str = None,
-        gt: float = None,
-        ge: float = None,
-        lt: float = None,
-        le: float = None,
-        min_length: int = None,
-        max_length: int = None,
-        regex: str = None,
-        deprecated: bool = None,
+        alias: Optional[str] = None,
+        title: Optional[str] = None,
+        description: Optional[str] = None,
+        gt: Optional[float] = None,
+        ge: Optional[float] = None,
+        lt: Optional[float] = None,
+        le: Optional[float] = None,
+        min_length: Optional[int] = None,
+        max_length: Optional[int] = None,
+        regex: Optional[str] = None,
+        deprecated: Optional[bool] = None,
         **extra: Any,
     ):
         super().__init__(
@@ -213,16 +213,16 @@ class Body(FieldInfo):
         *,
         embed: bool = False,
         media_type: str = "application/json",
-        alias: str = None,
-        title: str = None,
-        description: str = None,
-        gt: float = None,
-        ge: float = None,
-        lt: float = None,
-        le: float = None,
-        min_length: int = None,
-        max_length: int = None,
-        regex: str = None,
+        alias: Optional[str] = None,
+        title: Optional[str] = None,
+        description: Optional[str] = None,
+        gt: Optional[float] = None,
+        ge: Optional[float] = None,
+        lt: Optional[float] = None,
+        le: Optional[float] = None,
+        min_length: Optional[int] = None,
+        max_length: Optional[int] = None,
+        regex: Optional[str] = None,
         **extra: Any,
     ):
         self.embed = embed
@@ -252,16 +252,16 @@ class Form(Body):
         default: Any,
         *,
         media_type: str = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded",
-        alias: str = None,
-        title: str = None,
-        description: str = None,
-        gt: float = None,
-        ge: float = None,
-        lt: float = None,
-        le: float = None,
-        min_length: int = None,
-        max_length: int = None,
-        regex: str = None,
+        alias: Optional[str] = None,
+        title: Optional[str] = None,
+        description: Optional[str] = None,
+        gt: Optional[float] = None,
+        ge: Optional[float] = None,
+        lt: Optional[float] = None,
+        le: Optional[float] = None,
+        min_length: Optional[int] = None,
+        max_length: Optional[int] = None,
+        regex: Optional[str] = None,
         **extra: Any,
     ):
         super().__init__(
@@ -288,16 +288,16 @@ class File(Form):
         default: Any,
         *,
         media_type: str = "multipart/form-data",
-        alias: str = None,
-        title: str = None,
-        description: str = None,
-        gt: float = None,
-        ge: float = None,
-        lt: float = None,
-        le: float = None,
-        min_length: int = None,
-        max_length: int = None,
-        regex: str = None,
+        alias: Optional[str] = None,
+        title: Optional[str] = None,
+        description: Optional[str] = None,
+        gt: Optional[float] = None,
+        ge: Optional[float] = None,
+        lt: Optional[float] = None,
+        le: Optional[float] = None,
+        min_length: Optional[int] = None,
+        max_length: Optional[int] = None,
+        regex: Optional[str] = None,
         **extra: Any,
     ):
         super().__init__(
@@ -318,7 +318,9 @@ class File(Form):
 
 
 class Depends:
-    def __init__(self, dependency: Callable = None, *, use_cache: bool = True):
+    def __init__(
+        self, dependency: Optional[Callable] = None, *, use_cache: bool = True
+    ):
         self.dependency = dependency
         self.use_cache = use_cache
 
@@ -331,9 +333,9 @@ class Depends:
 class Security(Depends):
     def __init__(
         self,
-        dependency: Callable = None,
+        dependency: Optional[Callable] = None,
         *,
-        scopes: Sequence[str] = None,
+        scopes: Optional[Sequence[str]] = None,
         use_cache: bool = True,
     ):
         super().__init__(dependency=dependency, use_cache=use_cache)

fastapi/routing.py

@@ -93,9 +93,9 @@ def _prepare_response_content(
 
 async def serialize_response(
     *,
-    field: ModelField = None,
+    field: Optional[ModelField] = None,
     response_content: Any,
-    include: Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny] = None,
+    include: Optional[Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny]] = None,
     exclude: Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny] = set(),
     by_alias: bool = True,
     exclude_unset: bool = False,
@@ -151,17 +151,17 @@ async def run_endpoint_function(
 
 def get_request_handler(
     dependant: Dependant,
-    body_field: ModelField = None,
+    body_field: Optional[ModelField] = None,
     status_code: int = 200,
     response_class: Type[Response] = JSONResponse,
-    response_field: ModelField = None,
-    response_model_include: Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny] = None,
+    response_field: Optional[ModelField] = None,
+    response_model_include: Optional[Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny]] = None,
     response_model_exclude: Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny] = set(),
     response_model_by_alias: bool = True,
     response_model_exclude_unset: bool = False,
     response_model_exclude_defaults: bool = False,
     response_model_exclude_none: bool = False,
-    dependency_overrides_provider: Any = None,
+    dependency_overrides_provider: Optional[Any] = None,
 ) -> Callable:
     assert dependant.call is not None, "dependant.call must be a function"
     is_coroutine = asyncio.iscoroutinefunction(dependant.call)
@@ -226,7 +226,7 @@ def get_request_handler(
 
 
 def get_websocket_app(
-    dependant: Dependant, dependency_overrides_provider: Any = None
+    dependant: Dependant, dependency_overrides_provider: Optional[Any] = None
 ) -> Callable:
     async def app(websocket: WebSocket) -> None:
         solved_result = await solve_dependencies(
@@ -250,8 +250,8 @@ class APIWebSocketRoute(routing.WebSocketRoute):
         path: str,
         endpoint: Callable,
         *,
-        name: str = None,
-        dependency_overrides_provider: Any = None,
+        name: Optional[str] = None,
+        dependency_overrides_provider: Optional[Any] = None,
     ) -> None:
         self.path = path
         self.endpoint = endpoint
@@ -272,19 +272,19 @@ class APIRoute(routing.Route):
         path: str,
         endpoint: Callable,
         *,
-        response_model: Type[Any] = None,
+        response_model: Optional[Type[Any]] = None,
         status_code: int = 200,
-        tags: List[str] = None,
-        dependencies: Sequence[params.Depends] = None,
-        summary: str = None,
-        description: str = None,
+        tags: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        dependencies: Optional[Sequence[params.Depends]] = None,
+        summary: Optional[str] = None,
+        description: Optional[str] = None,
         response_description: str = "Successful Response",
-        responses: Dict[Union[int, str], Dict[str, Any]] = None,
-        deprecated: bool = None,
-        name: str = None,
+        responses: Optional[Dict[Union[int, str], Dict[str, Any]]] = None,
+        deprecated: Optional[bool] = None,
+        name: Optional[str] = None,
         methods: Optional[Union[Set[str], List[str]]] = None,
-        operation_id: str = None,
-        response_model_include: Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny] = None,
+        operation_id: Optional[str] = None,
+        response_model_include: Optional[Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny]] = None,
         response_model_exclude: Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny] = set(),
         response_model_by_alias: bool = True,
         response_model_exclude_unset: bool = False,
@@ -292,7 +292,7 @@ class APIRoute(routing.Route):
         response_model_exclude_none: bool = False,
         include_in_schema: bool = True,
         response_class: Optional[Type[Response]] = None,
-        dependency_overrides_provider: Any = None,
+        dependency_overrides_provider: Optional[Any] = None,
         callbacks: Optional[List["APIRoute"]] = None,
     ) -> None:
         # normalise enums e.g. http.HTTPStatus
@@ -401,14 +401,14 @@ class APIRoute(routing.Route):
 class APIRouter(routing.Router):
     def __init__(
         self,
-        routes: List[routing.BaseRoute] = None,
+        routes: Optional[List[routing.BaseRoute]] = None,
         redirect_slashes: bool = True,
-        default: ASGIApp = None,
-        dependency_overrides_provider: Any = None,
+        default: Optional[ASGIApp] = None,
+        dependency_overrides_provider: Optional[Any] = None,
         route_class: Type[APIRoute] = APIRoute,
-        default_response_class: Type[Response] = None,
-        on_startup: Sequence[Callable] = None,
-        on_shutdown: Sequence[Callable] = None,
+        default_response_class: Optional[Type[Response]] = None,
+        on_startup: Optional[Sequence[Callable]] = None,
+        on_shutdown: Optional[Sequence[Callable]] = None,
     ) -> None:
         super().__init__(
             routes=routes,
@@ -426,29 +426,29 @@ class APIRouter(routing.Router):
         path: str,
         endpoint: Callable,
         *,
-        response_model: Type[Any] = None,
+        response_model: Optional[Type[Any]] = None,
         status_code: int = 200,
-        tags: List[str] = None,
-        dependencies: Sequence[params.Depends] = None,
-        summary: str = None,
-        description: str = None,
+        tags: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        dependencies: Optional[Sequence[params.Depends]] = None,
+        summary: Optional[str] = None,
+        description: Optional[str] = None,
         response_description: str = "Successful Response",
-        responses: Dict[Union[int, str], Dict[str, Any]] = None,
-        deprecated: bool = None,
+        responses: Optional[Dict[Union[int, str], Dict[str, Any]]] = None,
+        deprecated: Optional[bool] = None,
         methods: Optional[Union[Set[str], List[str]]] = None,
-        operation_id: str = None,
-        response_model_include: Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny] = None,
+        operation_id: Optional[str] = None,
+        response_model_include: Optional[Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny]] = None,
         response_model_exclude: Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny] = set(),
         response_model_by_alias: bool = True,
-        response_model_skip_defaults: bool = None,
+        response_model_skip_defaults: Optional[bool] = None,
         response_model_exclude_unset: bool = False,
         response_model_exclude_defaults: bool = False,
         response_model_exclude_none: bool = False,
         include_in_schema: bool = True,
-        response_class: Type[Response] = None,
-        name: str = None,
+        response_class: Optional[Type[Response]] = None,
+        name: Optional[str] = None,
         route_class_override: Optional[Type[APIRoute]] = None,
-        callbacks: List[APIRoute] = None,
+        callbacks: Optional[List[APIRoute]] = None,
     ) -> None:
         if response_model_skip_defaults is not None:
             warning_response_model_skip_defaults_deprecated()  # pragma: nocover
@@ -487,28 +487,28 @@ class APIRouter(routing.Router):
         self,
         path: str,
         *,
-        response_model: Type[Any] = None,
+        response_model: Optional[Type[Any]] = None,
         status_code: int = 200,
-        tags: List[str] = None,
-        dependencies: Sequence[params.Depends] = None,
-        summary: str = None,
-        description: str = None,
+        tags: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        dependencies: Optional[Sequence[params.Depends]] = None,
+        summary: Optional[str] = None,
+        description: Optional[str] = None,
         response_description: str = "Successful Response",
-        responses: Dict[Union[int, str], Dict[str, Any]] = None,
-        deprecated: bool = None,
-        methods: List[str] = None,
-        operation_id: str = None,
-        response_model_include: Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny] = None,
+        responses: Optional[Dict[Union[int, str], Dict[str, Any]]] = None,
+        deprecated: Optional[bool] = None,
+        methods: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        operation_id: Optional[str] = None,
+        response_model_include: Optional[Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny]] = None,
         response_model_exclude: Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny] = set(),
         response_model_by_alias: bool = True,
-        response_model_skip_defaults: bool = None,
+        response_model_skip_defaults: Optional[bool] = None,
         response_model_exclude_unset: bool = False,
         response_model_exclude_defaults: bool = False,
         response_model_exclude_none: bool = False,
         include_in_schema: bool = True,
-        response_class: Type[Response] = None,
-        name: str = None,
-        callbacks: List[APIRoute] = None,
+        response_class: Optional[Type[Response]] = None,
+        name: Optional[str] = None,
+        callbacks: Optional[List[APIRoute]] = None,
     ) -> Callable:
         if response_model_skip_defaults is not None:
             warning_response_model_skip_defaults_deprecated()  # pragma: nocover
@@ -546,7 +546,7 @@ class APIRouter(routing.Router):
         return decorator
 
     def add_api_websocket_route(
-        self, path: str, endpoint: Callable, name: str = None
+        self, path: str, endpoint: Callable, name: Optional[str] = None
     ) -> None:
         route = APIWebSocketRoute(
             path,
@@ -556,7 +556,7 @@ class APIRouter(routing.Router):
         )
         self.routes.append(route)
 
-    def websocket(self, path: str, name: str = None) -> Callable:
+    def websocket(self, path: str, name: Optional[str] = None) -> Callable:
         def decorator(func: Callable) -> Callable:
             self.add_api_websocket_route(path, func, name=name)
             return func
@@ -568,9 +568,9 @@ class APIRouter(routing.Router):
         router: "APIRouter",
         *,
         prefix: str = "",
-        tags: List[str] = None,
-        dependencies: Sequence[params.Depends] = None,
-        responses: Dict[Union[int, str], Dict[str, Any]] = None,
+        tags: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        dependencies: Optional[Sequence[params.Depends]] = None,
+        responses: Optional[Dict[Union[int, str], Dict[str, Any]]] = None,
         default_response_class: Optional[Type[Response]] = None,
     ) -> None:
         if prefix:
@@ -643,27 +643,27 @@ class APIRouter(routing.Router):
         self,
         path: str,
         *,
-        response_model: Type[Any] = None,
+        response_model: Optional[Type[Any]] = None,
         status_code: int = 200,
-        tags: List[str] = None,
-        dependencies: Sequence[params.Depends] = None,
-        summary: str = None,
-        description: str = None,
+        tags: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        dependencies: Optional[Sequence[params.Depends]] = None,
+        summary: Optional[str] = None,
+        description: Optional[str] = None,
         response_description: str = "Successful Response",
-        responses: Dict[Union[int, str], Dict[str, Any]] = None,
-        deprecated: bool = None,
-        operation_id: str = None,
-        response_model_include: Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny] = None,
+        responses: Optional[Dict[Union[int, str], Dict[str, Any]]] = None,
+        deprecated: Optional[bool] = None,
+        operation_id: Optional[str] = None,
+        response_model_include: Optional[Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny]] = None,
         response_model_exclude: Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny] = set(),
         response_model_by_alias: bool = True,
-        response_model_skip_defaults: bool = None,
+        response_model_skip_defaults: Optional[bool] = None,
         response_model_exclude_unset: bool = False,
         response_model_exclude_defaults: bool = False,
         response_model_exclude_none: bool = False,
         include_in_schema: bool = True,
-        response_class: Type[Response] = None,
-        name: str = None,
-        callbacks: List[APIRoute] = None,
+        response_class: Optional[Type[Response]] = None,
+        name: Optional[str] = None,
+        callbacks: Optional[List[APIRoute]] = None,
     ) -> Callable:
         if response_model_skip_defaults is not None:
             warning_response_model_skip_defaults_deprecated()  # pragma: nocover
@@ -698,27 +698,27 @@ class APIRouter(routing.Router):
         self,
         path: str,
         *,
-        response_model: Type[Any] = None,
+        response_model: Optional[Type[Any]] = None,
         status_code: int = 200,
-        tags: List[str] = None,
-        dependencies: Sequence[params.Depends] = None,
-        summary: str = None,
-        description: str = None,
+        tags: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        dependencies: Optional[Sequence[params.Depends]] = None,
+        summary: Optional[str] = None,
+        description: Optional[str] = None,
         response_description: str = "Successful Response",
-        responses: Dict[Union[int, str], Dict[str, Any]] = None,
-        deprecated: bool = None,
-        operation_id: str = None,
-        response_model_include: Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny] = None,
+        responses: Optional[Dict[Union[int, str], Dict[str, Any]]] = None,
+        deprecated: Optional[bool] = None,
+        operation_id: Optional[str] = None,
+        response_model_include: Optional[Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny]] = None,
         response_model_exclude: Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny] = set(),
         response_model_by_alias: bool = True,
-        response_model_skip_defaults: bool = None,
+        response_model_skip_defaults: Optional[bool] = None,
         response_model_exclude_unset: bool = False,
         response_model_exclude_defaults: bool = False,
         response_model_exclude_none: bool = False,
         include_in_schema: bool = True,
-        response_class: Type[Response] = None,
-        name: str = None,
-        callbacks: List[APIRoute] = None,
+        response_class: Optional[Type[Response]] = None,
+        name: Optional[str] = None,
+        callbacks: Optional[List[APIRoute]] = None,
     ) -> Callable:
         if response_model_skip_defaults is not None:
             warning_response_model_skip_defaults_deprecated()  # pragma: nocover
@@ -753,27 +753,27 @@ class APIRouter(routing.Router):
         self,
         path: str,
         *,
-        response_model: Type[Any] = None,
+        response_model: Optional[Type[Any]] = None,
         status_code: int = 200,
-        tags: List[str] = None,
-        dependencies: Sequence[params.Depends] = None,
-        summary: str = None,
-        description: str = None,
+        tags: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        dependencies: Optional[Sequence[params.Depends]] = None,
+        summary: Optional[str] = None,
+        description: Optional[str] = None,
         response_description: str = "Successful Response",
-        responses: Dict[Union[int, str], Dict[str, Any]] = None,
-        deprecated: bool = None,
-        operation_id: str = None,
-        response_model_include: Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny] = None,
+        responses: Optional[Dict[Union[int, str], Dict[str, Any]]] = None,
+        deprecated: Optional[bool] = None,
+        operation_id: Optional[str] = None,
+        response_model_include: Optional[Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny]] = None,
         response_model_exclude: Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny] = set(),
         response_model_by_alias: bool = True,
-        response_model_skip_defaults: bool = None,
+        response_model_skip_defaults: Optional[bool] = None,
         response_model_exclude_unset: bool = False,
         response_model_exclude_defaults: bool = False,
         response_model_exclude_none: bool = False,
         include_in_schema: bool = True,
-        response_class: Type[Response] = None,
-        name: str = None,
-        callbacks: List[APIRoute] = None,
+        response_class: Optional[Type[Response]] = None,
+        name: Optional[str] = None,
+        callbacks: Optional[List[APIRoute]] = None,
     ) -> Callable:
         if response_model_skip_defaults is not None:
             warning_response_model_skip_defaults_deprecated()  # pragma: nocover
@@ -808,27 +808,27 @@ class APIRouter(routing.Router):
         self,
         path: str,
         *,
-        response_model: Type[Any] = None,
+        response_model: Optional[Type[Any]] = None,
         status_code: int = 200,
-        tags: List[str] = None,
-        dependencies: Sequence[params.Depends] = None,
-        summary: str = None,
-        description: str = None,
+        tags: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        dependencies: Optional[Sequence[params.Depends]] = None,
+        summary: Optional[str] = None,
+        description: Optional[str] = None,
         response_description: str = "Successful Response",
-        responses: Dict[Union[int, str], Dict[str, Any]] = None,
-        deprecated: bool = None,
-        operation_id: str = None,
-        response_model_include: Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny] = None,
+        responses: Optional[Dict[Union[int, str], Dict[str, Any]]] = None,
+        deprecated: Optional[bool] = None,
+        operation_id: Optional[str] = None,
+        response_model_include: Optional[Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny]] = None,
         response_model_exclude: Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny] = set(),
         response_model_by_alias: bool = True,
-        response_model_skip_defaults: bool = None,
+        response_model_skip_defaults: Optional[bool] = None,
         response_model_exclude_unset: bool = False,
         response_model_exclude_defaults: bool = False,
         response_model_exclude_none: bool = False,
         include_in_schema: bool = True,
-        response_class: Type[Response] = None,
-        name: str = None,
-        callbacks: List[APIRoute] = None,
+        response_class: Optional[Type[Response]] = None,
+        name: Optional[str] = None,
+        callbacks: Optional[List[APIRoute]] = None,
     ) -> Callable:
         if response_model_skip_defaults is not None:
             warning_response_model_skip_defaults_deprecated()  # pragma: nocover
@@ -863,27 +863,27 @@ class APIRouter(routing.Router):
         self,
         path: str,
         *,
-        response_model: Type[Any] = None,
+        response_model: Optional[Type[Any]] = None,
         status_code: int = 200,
-        tags: List[str] = None,
-        dependencies: Sequence[params.Depends] = None,
-        summary: str = None,
-        description: str = None,
+        tags: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        dependencies: Optional[Sequence[params.Depends]] = None,
+        summary: Optional[str] = None,
+        description: Optional[str] = None,
         response_description: str = "Successful Response",
-        responses: Dict[Union[int, str], Dict[str, Any]] = None,
-        deprecated: bool = None,
-        operation_id: str = None,
-        response_model_include: Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny] = None,
+        responses: Optional[Dict[Union[int, str], Dict[str, Any]]] = None,
+        deprecated: Optional[bool] = None,
+        operation_id: Optional[str] = None,
+        response_model_include: Optional[Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny]] = None,
         response_model_exclude: Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny] = set(),
         response_model_by_alias: bool = True,
-        response_model_skip_defaults: bool = None,
+        response_model_skip_defaults: Optional[bool] = None,
         response_model_exclude_unset: bool = False,
         response_model_exclude_defaults: bool = False,
         response_model_exclude_none: bool = False,
         include_in_schema: bool = True,
-        response_class: Type[Response] = None,
-        name: str = None,
-        callbacks: List[APIRoute] = None,
+        response_class: Optional[Type[Response]] = None,
+        name: Optional[str] = None,
+        callbacks: Optional[List[APIRoute]] = None,
     ) -> Callable:
         if response_model_skip_defaults is not None:
             warning_response_model_skip_defaults_deprecated()  # pragma: nocover
@@ -918,27 +918,27 @@ class APIRouter(routing.Router):
         self,
         path: str,
         *,
-        response_model: Type[Any] = None,
+        response_model: Optional[Type[Any]] = None,
         status_code: int = 200,
-        tags: List[str] = None,
-        dependencies: Sequence[params.Depends] = None,
-        summary: str = None,
-        description: str = None,
+        tags: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        dependencies: Optional[Sequence[params.Depends]] = None,
+        summary: Optional[str] = None,
+        description: Optional[str] = None,
         response_description: str = "Successful Response",
-        responses: Dict[Union[int, str], Dict[str, Any]] = None,
-        deprecated: bool = None,
-        operation_id: str = None,
-        response_model_include: Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny] = None,
+        responses: Optional[Dict[Union[int, str], Dict[str, Any]]] = None,
+        deprecated: Optional[bool] = None,
+        operation_id: Optional[str] = None,
+        response_model_include: Optional[Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny]] = None,
         response_model_exclude: Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny] = set(),
         response_model_by_alias: bool = True,
-        response_model_skip_defaults: bool = None,
+        response_model_skip_defaults: Optional[bool] = None,
         response_model_exclude_unset: bool = False,
         response_model_exclude_defaults: bool = False,
         response_model_exclude_none: bool = False,
         include_in_schema: bool = True,
-        response_class: Type[Response] = None,
-        name: str = None,
-        callbacks: List[APIRoute] = None,
+        response_class: Optional[Type[Response]] = None,
+        name: Optional[str] = None,
+        callbacks: Optional[List[APIRoute]] = None,
     ) -> Callable:
         if response_model_skip_defaults is not None:
             warning_response_model_skip_defaults_deprecated()  # pragma: nocover
@@ -973,27 +973,27 @@ class APIRouter(routing.Router):
         self,
         path: str,
         *,
-        response_model: Type[Any] = None,
+        response_model: Optional[Type[Any]] = None,
         status_code: int = 200,
-        tags: List[str] = None,
-        dependencies: Sequence[params.Depends] = None,
-        summary: str = None,
-        description: str = None,
+        tags: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        dependencies: Optional[Sequence[params.Depends]] = None,
+        summary: Optional[str] = None,
+        description: Optional[str] = None,
         response_description: str = "Successful Response",
-        responses: Dict[Union[int, str], Dict[str, Any]] = None,
-        deprecated: bool = None,
-        operation_id: str = None,
-        response_model_include: Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny] = None,
+        responses: Optional[Dict[Union[int, str], Dict[str, Any]]] = None,
+        deprecated: Optional[bool] = None,
+        operation_id: Optional[str] = None,
+        response_model_include: Optional[Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny]] = None,
         response_model_exclude: Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny] = set(),
         response_model_by_alias: bool = True,
-        response_model_skip_defaults: bool = None,
+        response_model_skip_defaults: Optional[bool] = None,
         response_model_exclude_unset: bool = False,
         response_model_exclude_defaults: bool = False,
         response_model_exclude_none: bool = False,
         include_in_schema: bool = True,
-        response_class: Type[Response] = None,
-        name: str = None,
-        callbacks: List[APIRoute] = None,
+        response_class: Optional[Type[Response]] = None,
+        name: Optional[str] = None,
+        callbacks: Optional[List[APIRoute]] = None,
     ) -> Callable:
         if response_model_skip_defaults is not None:
             warning_response_model_skip_defaults_deprecated()  # pragma: nocover
@@ -1028,27 +1028,27 @@ class APIRouter(routing.Router):
         self,
         path: str,
         *,
-        response_model: Type[Any] = None,
+        response_model: Optional[Type[Any]] = None,
         status_code: int = 200,
-        tags: List[str] = None,
-        dependencies: Sequence[params.Depends] = None,
-        summary: str = None,
-        description: str = None,
+        tags: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+        dependencies: Optional[Sequence[params.Depends]] = None,
+        summary: Optional[str] = None,
+        description: Optional[str] = None,
         response_description: str = "Successful Response",
-        responses: Dict[Union[int, str], Dict[str, Any]] = None,
-        deprecated: bool = None,
-        operation_id: str = None,
-        response_model_include: Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny] = None,
+        responses: Optional[Dict[Union[int, str], Dict[str, Any]]] = None,
+        deprecated: Optional[bool] = None,
+        operation_id: Optional[str] = None,
+        response_model_include: Optional[Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny]] = None,
         response_model_exclude: Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny] = set(),
         response_model_by_alias: bool = True,
-        response_model_skip_defaults: bool = None,
+        response_model_skip_defaults: Optional[bool] = None,
         response_model_exclude_unset: bool = False,
         response_model_exclude_defaults: bool = False,
         response_model_exclude_none: bool = False,
         include_in_schema: bool = True,
-        response_class: Type[Response] = None,
-        name: str = None,
-        callbacks: List[APIRoute] = None,
+        response_class: Optional[Type[Response]] = None,
+        name: Optional[str] = None,
+        callbacks: Optional[List[APIRoute]] = None,
     ) -> Callable:
         if response_model_skip_defaults is not None:
             warning_response_model_skip_defaults_deprecated()  # pragma: nocover

fastapi/security/api_key.py

@@ -12,7 +12,9 @@ class APIKeyBase(SecurityBase):
 
 
 class APIKeyQuery(APIKeyBase):
-    def __init__(self, *, name: str, scheme_name: str = None, auto_error: bool = True):
+    def __init__(
+        self, *, name: str, scheme_name: Optional[str] = None, auto_error: bool = True
+    ):
         self.model: APIKey = APIKey(**{"in": APIKeyIn.query}, name=name)
         self.scheme_name = scheme_name or self.__class__.__name__
         self.auto_error = auto_error
@@ -30,7 +32,9 @@ class APIKeyQuery(APIKeyBase):
 
 
 class APIKeyHeader(APIKeyBase):
-    def __init__(self, *, name: str, scheme_name: str = None, auto_error: bool = True):
+    def __init__(
+        self, *, name: str, scheme_name: Optional[str] = None, auto_error: bool = True
+    ):
         self.model: APIKey = APIKey(**{"in": APIKeyIn.header}, name=name)
         self.scheme_name = scheme_name or self.__class__.__name__
         self.auto_error = auto_error
@@ -48,7 +52,9 @@ class APIKeyHeader(APIKeyBase):
 
 
 class APIKeyCookie(APIKeyBase):
-    def __init__(self, *, name: str, scheme_name: str = None, auto_error: bool = True):
+    def __init__(
+        self, *, name: str, scheme_name: Optional[str] = None, auto_error: bool = True
+    ):
         self.model: APIKey = APIKey(**{"in": APIKeyIn.cookie}, name=name)
         self.scheme_name = scheme_name or self.__class__.__name__
         self.auto_error = auto_error

fastapi/security/http.py

@@ -3,10 +3,8 @@ from base64 import b64decode
 from typing import Optional
 
 from fastapi.exceptions import HTTPException
-from fastapi.openapi.models import (
-    HTTPBase as HTTPBaseModel,
-    HTTPBearer as HTTPBearerModel,
-)
+from fastapi.openapi.models import HTTPBase as HTTPBaseModel
+from fastapi.openapi.models import HTTPBearer as HTTPBearerModel
 from fastapi.security.base import SecurityBase
 from fastapi.security.utils import get_authorization_scheme_param
 from pydantic import BaseModel
@@ -26,7 +24,7 @@ class HTTPAuthorizationCredentials(BaseModel):
 
 class HTTPBase(SecurityBase):
     def __init__(
-        self, *, scheme: str, scheme_name: str = None, auto_error: bool = True
+        self, *, scheme: str, scheme_name: Optional[str] = None, auto_error: bool = True
     ):
         self.model = HTTPBaseModel(scheme=scheme)
         self.scheme_name = scheme_name or self.__class__.__name__
@@ -49,7 +47,11 @@ class HTTPBase(SecurityBase):
 
 class HTTPBasic(HTTPBase):
     def __init__(
-        self, *, scheme_name: str = None, realm: str = None, auto_error: bool = True
+        self,
+        *,
+        scheme_name: Optional[str] = None,
+        realm: Optional[str] = None,
+        auto_error: bool = True,
     ):
         self.model = HTTPBaseModel(scheme="basic")
         self.scheme_name = scheme_name or self.__class__.__name__
@@ -84,7 +86,7 @@ class HTTPBasic(HTTPBase):
         except (ValueError, UnicodeDecodeError, binascii.Error):
             raise invalid_user_credentials_exc
         username, separator, password = data.partition(":")
-        if not (separator):
+        if not separator:
             raise invalid_user_credentials_exc
         return HTTPBasicCredentials(username=username, password=password)
 
@@ -93,8 +95,8 @@ class HTTPBearer(HTTPBase):
     def __init__(
         self,
         *,
-        bearerFormat: str = None,
-        scheme_name: str = None,
+        bearerFormat: Optional[str] = None,
+        scheme_name: Optional[str] = None,
         auto_error: bool = True,
     ):
         self.model = HTTPBearerModel(bearerFormat=bearerFormat)
@@ -125,7 +127,7 @@ class HTTPBearer(HTTPBase):
 
 
 class HTTPDigest(HTTPBase):
-    def __init__(self, *, scheme_name: str = None, auto_error: bool = True):
+    def __init__(self, *, scheme_name: Optional[str] = None, auto_error: bool = True):
         self.model = HTTPBaseModel(scheme="digest")
         self.scheme_name = scheme_name or self.__class__.__name__
         self.auto_error = auto_error

fastapi/security/oauth2.py

@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 from typing import List, Optional
 
 from fastapi.exceptions import HTTPException
-from fastapi.openapi.models import OAuth2 as OAuth2Model, OAuthFlows as OAuthFlowsModel
+from fastapi.openapi.models import OAuth2 as OAuth2Model
+from fastapi.openapi.models import OAuthFlows as OAuthFlowsModel
 from fastapi.param_functions import Form
 from fastapi.security.base import SecurityBase
 from fastapi.security.utils import get_authorization_scheme_param
@@ -14,7 +15,7 @@ class OAuth2PasswordRequestForm:
     This is a dependency class, use it like:
 
         @app.post("/login")
-        def login(form_data: Oauth2PasswordRequestForm = Depends()):
+        def login(form_data: OAuth2PasswordRequestForm = Depends()):
             data = form_data.parse()
             print(data.username)
             print(data.password)
@@ -64,7 +65,7 @@ class OAuth2PasswordRequestFormStrict(OAuth2PasswordRequestForm):
     This is a dependency class, use it like:
 
         @app.post("/login")
-        def login(form_data: Oauth2PasswordRequestFormStrict = Depends()):
+        def login(form_data: OAuth2PasswordRequestFormStrict = Depends()):
             data = form_data.parse()
             print(data.username)
             print(data.password)
@@ -116,8 +117,8 @@ class OAuth2(SecurityBase):
         self,
         *,
         flows: OAuthFlowsModel = OAuthFlowsModel(),
-        scheme_name: str = None,
-        auto_error: bool = True
+        scheme_name: Optional[str] = None,
+        auto_error: Optional[bool] = True
     ):
         self.model = OAuth2Model(flows=flows)
         self.scheme_name = scheme_name or self.__class__.__name__
@@ -139,8 +140,8 @@ class OAuth2PasswordBearer(OAuth2):
     def __init__(
         self,
         tokenUrl: str,
-        scheme_name: str = None,
-        scopes: dict = None,
+        scheme_name: Optional[str] = None,
+        scopes: Optional[dict] = None,
         auto_error: bool = True,
     ):
         if not scopes:
@@ -168,9 +169,9 @@ class OAuth2AuthorizationCodeBearer(OAuth2):
         self,
         authorizationUrl: str,
         tokenUrl: str,
-        refreshUrl: str = None,
-        scheme_name: str = None,
-        scopes: dict = None,
+        refreshUrl: Optional[str] = None,
+        scheme_name: Optional[str] = None,
+        scopes: Optional[dict] = None,
         auto_error: bool = True,
     ):
         if not scopes:
@@ -201,6 +202,6 @@ class OAuth2AuthorizationCodeBearer(OAuth2):
 
 
 class SecurityScopes:
-    def __init__(self, scopes: List[str] = None):
+    def __init__(self, scopes: Optional[List[str]] = None):
         self.scopes = scopes or []
         self.scope_str = " ".join(self.scopes)

fastapi/security/open_id_connect_url.py

@@ -9,7 +9,11 @@ from starlette.status import HTTP_403_FORBIDDEN
 
 class OpenIdConnect(SecurityBase):
     def __init__(
-        self, *, openIdConnectUrl: str, scheme_name: str = None, auto_error: bool = True
+        self,
+        *,
+        openIdConnectUrl: str,
+        scheme_name: Optional[str] = None,
+        auto_error: bool = True
     ):
         self.model = OpenIdConnectModel(openIdConnectUrl=openIdConnectUrl)
         self.scheme_name = scheme_name or self.__class__.__name__

fastapi/utils.py

@@ -18,8 +18,8 @@ try:
     PYDANTIC_1 = True
 except ImportError:  # pragma: nocover
     # TODO: remove when removing support for Pydantic < 1.0.0
-    from pydantic.fields import Field as ModelField  # type: ignore
     from pydantic import Schema as FieldInfo  # type: ignore
+    from pydantic.fields import Field as ModelField  # type: ignore
 
     class UndefinedType:  # type: ignore
         def __repr__(self) -> str:
@@ -109,7 +109,9 @@ def create_response_field(
 
 
 def create_cloned_field(
-    field: ModelField, *, cloned_types: Dict[Type[BaseModel], Type[BaseModel]] = None,
+    field: ModelField,
+    *,
+    cloned_types: Optional[Dict[Type[BaseModel], Type[BaseModel]]] = None,
 ) -> ModelField:
     # _cloned_types has already cloned types, to support recursive models
     if cloned_types is None:

pending_tests/main.py

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ def get_security(sec=Security(HTTPBasic())):
 reusable_oauth2 = OAuth2(
     flows={
         "password": {
-            "tokenUrl": "/token",
+            "tokenUrl": "token",
             "scopes": {"read:user": "Read a User", "write:user": "Create a user"},
         }
     }

pyproject.toml

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ classifiers = [
     "Topic :: Internet :: WWW/HTTP",
 ]
 requires = [
-    "starlette ==0.13.4",
+    "starlette ==0.13.6",
     "pydantic >=0.32.2,<2.0.0"
 ]
 description-file = "README.md"
@@ -43,51 +43,58 @@ Documentation = "https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/"
 
 [tool.flit.metadata.requires-extra]
 test = [
-    "pytest==5.4.3",
-    "pytest-cov==2.10.0",
-    "mypy",
-    "black",
-    "isort",
-    "requests",
-    "email_validator",
-    "sqlalchemy",
-    "peewee",
-    "databases[sqlite]",
-    "orjson",
-    "async_exit_stack",
-    "async_generator",
-    "python-multipart",
-    "aiofiles",
-    "flask"
+    "pytest ==5.4.3",
+    "pytest-cov ==2.10.0",
+    "pytest-asyncio >=0.14.0,<0.15.0",
+    "mypy ==0.782",
+    "black ==19.10b0",
+    "isort >=5.0.6,<6.0.0",
+    "requests >=2.24.0,<3.0.0",
+    "httpx >=0.14.0,<0.15.0",
+    "email_validator >=1.1.1,<2.0.0",
+    "sqlalchemy >=1.3.18,<2.0.0",
+    "peewee >=3.13.3,<4.0.0",
+    "databases[sqlite] >=0.3.2,<0.4.0",
+    "orjson >=3.2.1,<4.0.0",
+    "async_exit_stack >=1.0.1,<2.0.0",
+    "async_generator >=1.10,<2.0.0",
+    "python-multipart >=0.0.5,<0.0.6",
+    "aiofiles >=0.5.0,<0.6.0",
+    "flask >=1.1.2,<2.0.0"
 ]
 doc = [
-    "mkdocs",
-    "mkdocs-material",
-    "markdown-include",
-    "typer",
-    "typer-cli",
-    "pyyaml"
+    "mkdocs >=1.1.2,<2.0.0",
+    "mkdocs-material >=5.5.0,<6.0.0",
+    "markdown-include >=0.5.1,<0.6.0",
+    "mkdocs-markdownextradata-plugin >=0.1.7,<0.2.0",
+    "typer >=0.3.0,<0.4.0",
+    "typer-cli >=0.0.9,<0.0.10",
+    "pyyaml >=5.3.1,<6.0.0"
 ]
 dev = [
-    "pyjwt",
-    "passlib[bcrypt]",
-    "autoflake",
-    "flake8",
-    "uvicorn",
-    "graphene"
+    "python-jose[cryptography] >=3.1.0,<4.0.0",
+    "passlib[bcrypt] >=1.7.2,<2.0.0",
+    "autoflake >=1.3.1,<2.0.0",
+    "flake8 >=3.8.3,<4.0.0",
+    "uvicorn >=0.11.5,<0.12.0",
+    "graphene >=2.1.8,<3.0.0"
 ]
 all = [
-    "requests",
-    "aiofiles",
-    "jinja2",
-    "python-multipart",
-    "itsdangerous",
-    "pyyaml",
-    "graphene",
-    "ujson",
-    "orjson",
-    "email_validator",
-    "uvicorn",
-    "async_exit_stack",
-    "async_generator"
+    "requests >=2.24.0,<3.0.0",
+    "aiofiles >=0.5.0,<0.6.0",
+    "jinja2 >=2.11.2,<3.0.0",
+    "python-multipart >=0.0.5,<0.0.6",
+    "itsdangerous >=1.1.0,<2.0.0",
+    "pyyaml >=5.3.1,<6.0.0",
+    "graphene >=2.1.8,<3.0.0",
+    "ujson >=3.0.0,<4.0.0",
+    "orjson >=3.2.1,<4.0.0",
+    "email_validator >=1.1.1,<2.0.0",
+    "uvicorn >=0.11.5,<0.12.0",
+    "async_exit_stack >=1.0.1,<2.0.0",
+    "async_generator >=1.10,<2.0.0"
 ]
+
+[tool.isort]
+profile = "black"
+known_third_party = ["fastapi", "pydantic", "starlette"]

scripts/docs-comment-deploy.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env bash
+
+set -x
+set -e
+
+PR=${PR:?Variable not set}
+DEPLOY_URL=${DEPLOY_URL:?Variable not set}
+GITHUB_TOKEN=${GITHUB_TOKEN:?Variable not set}
+COMMIT=${COMMIT:?Variable not set}
+
+curl \
+    -H "Authorization: token ${GITHUB_TOKEN}" \
+    https://api.github.com/repos/tiangolo/fastapi/issues/${PR}/comments \
+    -d '{"body": "📝 Docs preview for commit '"${COMMIT} at: ${DEPLOY_URL}"'"}'

scripts/docs.py

@@ -132,6 +132,7 @@ def build_lang(
         dist_path: Path = site_path / lang
     shutil.rmtree(build_lang_path, ignore_errors=True)
     shutil.copytree(lang_path, build_lang_path)
+    shutil.copytree(en_docs_path / "data", build_lang_path / "data")
     en_config_path: Path = en_lang_path / mkdocs_name
     en_config: dict = mkdocs.utils.yaml_load(en_config_path.read_text(encoding="utf-8"))
     nav = en_config["nav"]
@@ -211,6 +212,12 @@ def build_all():
     shutil.copyfile(en_index, "README.md")
 
 
+def update_single_lang(lang: str):
+    lang_path = docs_path / lang
+    typer.echo(f"Updating {lang_path.name}")
+    update_config(lang_path.name)
+
+
 @app.command()
 def update_languages(
     lang: str = typer.Argument(
@@ -226,11 +233,9 @@ def update_languages(
     if lang is None:
         for lang_path in get_lang_paths():
             if lang_path.is_dir():
-                typer.echo(f"Updating {lang_path.name}")
-                update_config(lang_path.name)
+                update_single_lang(lang_path.name)
     else:
-        typer.echo(f"Updating {lang}")
-        update_config(lang)
+        update_single_lang(lang)
 
 
 @app.command()

scripts/format-imports.sh

@@ -2,5 +2,5 @@
 set -x
 
 # Sort imports one per line, so autoflake can remove unused imports
-isort --recursive  --force-single-line-imports --thirdparty fastapi --apply fastapi tests docs_src scripts
+isort fastapi tests docs_src scripts --force-single-line-imports
 sh ./scripts/format.sh

scripts/format.sh

@@ -3,4 +3,4 @@ set -x
 
 autoflake --remove-all-unused-imports --recursive --remove-unused-variables --in-place docs_src fastapi tests scripts --exclude=__init__.py
 black fastapi tests docs_src scripts
-isort --multi-line=3 --trailing-comma --force-grid-wrap=0 --combine-as --line-width 88 --recursive --thirdparty fastapi --thirdparty pydantic --thirdparty starlette --apply fastapi tests docs_src scripts
+isort fastapi tests docs_src scripts

scripts/gitter_releases_bot.py

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ gitter_token = os.getenv("GITTER_TOKEN")
 assert gitter_token
 github_token = os.getenv("GITHUB_TOKEN")
 assert github_token
-tag_name = os.getenv("TRAVIS_TAG")
+tag_name = os.getenv("TAG")
 assert tag_name
 
 

scripts/lint.sh

@@ -5,4 +5,4 @@ set -x
 
 mypy fastapi
 black fastapi tests --check
-isort --multi-line=3 --trailing-comma --force-grid-wrap=0 --combine-as --line-width 88 --recursive --check-only --thirdparty fastapi --thirdparty fastapi --thirdparty pydantic --thirdparty starlette fastapi tests
+isort fastapi tests docs_src scripts --check-only

scripts/notify.sh

@@ -2,8 +2,4 @@
 
 set -e
 
-bash scripts/publish.sh
-
-bash scripts/trigger-docker.sh
-
 python scripts/gitter_releases_bot.py

scripts/test.sh

@@ -7,4 +7,4 @@ bash ./scripts/lint.sh
 # Check README.md is up to date
 diff --brief docs/en/docs/index.md README.md
 export PYTHONPATH=./docs_src
-pytest --cov=fastapi --cov=tests --cov=docs/src --cov-report=term-missing tests ${@}
+pytest --cov=fastapi --cov=tests --cov=docs/src --cov-report=term-missing --cov-report=xml tests ${@}

scripts/trigger-docker.sh

@@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env bash
-
-set -e
-set -x
-
-body='{
-"request": {
-"branch":"master"
-}}'
-
-curl -s -X POST \
-   -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
-   -H "Accept: application/json" \
-   -H "Travis-API-Version: 3" \
-   -H "Authorization: token $TRAVIS_TOKEN" \
-   -d "$body" \
-   https://api.travis-ci.org/repo/tiangolo%2Fuvicorn-gunicorn-fastapi-docker/requests