gofumpt the linter

Replace binary low VRAM mode with tiered VRAM thresholds that set
default context lengths for all models:

- < 24 GiB VRAM: 4,096 context
- 24-48 GiB VRAM: 32,768 context
- >= 48 GiB VRAM: 262,144 context

README.md

@@ -358,6 +358,7 @@ See the [API documentation](./docs/api.md) for all endpoints.
 - [Odin Runes](https://github.com/leonid20000/OdinRunes)
 - [LLM-X](https://github.com/mrdjohnson/llm-x) (Progressive Web App)
 - [AnythingLLM (Docker + MacOs/Windows/Linux native app)](https://github.com/Mintplex-Labs/anything-llm)
+- [Screenpipe](https://github.com/mediar-ai/screenpipe) (24/7 screen & mic recording with AI-powered search, uses Ollama for local LLM features)
 - [Ollama Basic Chat: Uses HyperDiv Reactive UI](https://github.com/rapidarchitect/ollama_basic_chat)
 - [Ollama-chats RPG](https://github.com/drazdra/ollama-chats)
 - [IntelliBar](https://intellibar.app/) (AI-powered assistant for macOS)
@@ -465,6 +466,7 @@ See the [API documentation](./docs/api.md) for all endpoints.
 - [Clueless](https://github.com/KashyapTan/clueless) (Open Source & Local Cluely: A desktop application LLM assistant to help you talk to anything on your screen using locally served Ollama models. Also undetectable to screenshare)
 - [ollama-co2](https://github.com/carbonatedWaterOrg/ollama-co2) (FastAPI web interface for monitoring and managing local and remote Ollama servers with real-time model monitoring and concurrent downloads)
 - [Hillnote](https://hillnote.com) (A Markdown-first workspace designed to supercharge your AI workflow. Create documents ready to integrate with Claude, ChatGPT, Gemini, Cursor, and more - all while keeping your work on your device.)
+- [Stakpak](https://github.com/stakpak/agent) (An open source, vendor neutral DevOps agent that works with any model, and any stack, for teams who just want to ship)
 
 ### Cloud
 

cmd/cmd.go

@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/ollama/ollama/api"
 	"github.com/ollama/ollama/cmd/config"
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/cmd/tui"
 	"github.com/ollama/ollama/envconfig"
 	"github.com/ollama/ollama/format"
 	"github.com/ollama/ollama/parser"
@@ -1791,6 +1792,159 @@ Environment Variables:
 	cmd.SetUsageTemplate(cmd.UsageTemplate() + envUsage)
 }
 
+// runInteractiveTUI runs the main interactive TUI menu.
+func runInteractiveTUI(cmd *cobra.Command) {
+	// errSelectionCancelled is returned when user cancels model selection
+	errSelectionCancelled := errors.New("cancelled")
+
+	// Selector adapters for tui
+	singleSelector := func(title string, items []config.ModelItem) (string, error) {
+		tuiItems := make([]tui.SelectItem, len(items))
+		for i, item := range items {
+			tuiItems[i] = tui.SelectItem{Name: item.Name, Description: item.Description}
+		}
+		result, err := tui.SelectSingle(title, tuiItems)
+		if errors.Is(err, tui.ErrCancelled) {
+			return "", errSelectionCancelled
+		}
+		return result, err
+	}
+
+	multiSelector := func(title string, items []config.ModelItem, preChecked []string) ([]string, error) {
+		tuiItems := make([]tui.SelectItem, len(items))
+		for i, item := range items {
+			tuiItems[i] = tui.SelectItem{Name: item.Name, Description: item.Description}
+		}
+		result, err := tui.SelectMultiple(title, tuiItems, preChecked)
+		if errors.Is(err, tui.ErrCancelled) {
+			return nil, errSelectionCancelled
+		}
+		return result, err
+	}
+
+	for {
+		result, err := tui.Run()
+		if err != nil {
+			fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "Error: %v\n", err)
+			return
+		}
+
+		runModel := func(modelName string) {
+			_ = config.SetLastModel(modelName)
+			opts := runOptions{
+				Model:       modelName,
+				WordWrap:    os.Getenv("TERM") == "xterm-256color",
+				Options:     map[string]any{},
+				ShowConnect: true,
+			}
+			if err := loadOrUnloadModel(cmd, &opts); err != nil {
+				fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "Error loading model: %v\n", err)
+				return
+			}
+			if err := generateInteractive(cmd, opts); err != nil {
+				fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "Error running model: %v\n", err)
+			}
+		}
+
+		launchIntegration := func(name string) bool {
+			// If not configured or model no longer exists, prompt for model selection
+			configuredModel := config.IntegrationModel(name)
+			if configuredModel == "" || !config.ModelExists(cmd.Context(), configuredModel) {
+				err := config.ConfigureIntegrationWithSelectors(cmd.Context(), name, singleSelector, multiSelector)
+				if errors.Is(err, errSelectionCancelled) {
+					return false // Return to main menu
+				}
+				if err != nil {
+					fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "Error configuring %s: %v\n", name, err)
+					return true
+				}
+			}
+			if err := config.LaunchIntegration(name); err != nil {
+				fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "Error launching %s: %v\n", name, err)
+			}
+			return true
+		}
+
+		switch result.Selection {
+		case tui.SelectionNone:
+			// User quit
+			return
+		case tui.SelectionRunModel:
+			// Run last model directly if configured and still exists
+			if modelName := config.LastModel(); modelName != "" && config.ModelExists(cmd.Context(), modelName) {
+				runModel(modelName)
+			} else {
+				// No last model or model no longer exists, show picker
+				modelName, err := config.SelectModelWithSelector(cmd.Context(), singleSelector)
+				if errors.Is(err, errSelectionCancelled) {
+					continue // Return to main menu
+				}
+				if err != nil {
+					fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "Error selecting model: %v\n", err)
+					continue
+				}
+				runModel(modelName)
+			}
+		case tui.SelectionChangeRunModel:
+			// Always show picker
+			modelName, err := config.SelectModelWithSelector(cmd.Context(), singleSelector)
+			if errors.Is(err, errSelectionCancelled) {
+				continue // Return to main menu
+			}
+			if err != nil {
+				fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "Error selecting model: %v\n", err)
+				continue
+			}
+			runModel(modelName)
+		case tui.SelectionIntegration:
+			if !launchIntegration(result.Integration) {
+				continue // Return to main menu
+			}
+		case tui.SelectionChangeIntegration:
+			err := config.ConfigureIntegrationWithSelectors(cmd.Context(), result.Integration, singleSelector, multiSelector)
+			if errors.Is(err, errSelectionCancelled) {
+				continue // Return to main menu
+			}
+			if err != nil {
+				fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "Error configuring %s: %v\n", result.Integration, err)
+				continue
+			}
+			if err := config.LaunchIntegration(result.Integration); err != nil {
+				fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "Error launching %s: %v\n", result.Integration, err)
+			}
+		case tui.SelectionInstallIntegration:
+			// Configure first so the installer can detect the config
+			err := config.ConfigureIntegrationWithSelectors(cmd.Context(), result.Integration, singleSelector, multiSelector)
+			if errors.Is(err, errSelectionCancelled) {
+				continue // Return to main menu
+			}
+			if err != nil {
+				fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "Error configuring %s: %v\n", result.Integration, err)
+				continue
+			}
+
+			// Now install
+			fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "Installing %s...\n", result.Integration)
+			if err := config.InstallIntegration(result.Integration); err != nil {
+				// Don't print error for user abort (common case)
+				continue
+			}
+
+			// Verify installation actually succeeded (some installers return 0 on abort)
+			if !config.IsIntegrationInstalled(result.Integration) {
+				// Installation was aborted or failed, return to menu
+				continue
+			}
+
+			fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "%s installed successfully!\n", result.Integration)
+
+			// Don't launch after install - installers like openclaw already run
+			// their onboarding flow via `exec` and launching again would be
+			// redundant. User can select the integration from the menu.
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 func NewCLI() *cobra.Command {
 	log.SetFlags(log.LstdFlags | log.Lshortfile)
 	cobra.EnableCommandSorting = false
@@ -1813,11 +1967,13 @@ func NewCLI() *cobra.Command {
 				return
 			}
 
-			cmd.Print(cmd.UsageString())
+			runInteractiveTUI(cmd)
 		},
 	}
 
 	rootCmd.Flags().BoolP("version", "v", false, "Show version information")
+	rootCmd.Flags().Bool("verbose", false, "Show timings for response")
+	rootCmd.Flags().Bool("nowordwrap", false, "Don't wrap words to the next line automatically")
 
 	createCmd := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:   "create MODEL",
@@ -1888,7 +2044,7 @@ func NewCLI() *cobra.Command {
 	serveCmd := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:     "serve",
 		Aliases: []string{"start"},
-		Short:   "Start ollama",
+		Short:   "Start Ollama",
 		Args:    cobra.ExactArgs(0),
 		RunE:    RunServer,
 	}
@@ -2031,7 +2187,7 @@ func NewCLI() *cobra.Command {
 		copyCmd,
 		deleteCmd,
 		runnerCmd,
-		config.LaunchCmd(checkServerHeartbeat),
+		config.LaunchCmd(checkServerHeartbeat, runInteractiveTUI),
 	)
 
 	return rootCmd

cmd/cmd_test.go

@@ -1553,7 +1553,7 @@ func TestShowInfoImageGen(t *testing.T) {
 		Details: api.ModelDetails{
 			Family:            "ZImagePipeline",
 			ParameterSize:     "10.3B",
-			QuantizationLevel: "FP8",
+			QuantizationLevel: "Q8",
 		},
 		Capabilities: []model.Capability{model.CapabilityImage},
 		Requires:     "0.14.0",
@@ -1565,7 +1565,7 @@ func TestShowInfoImageGen(t *testing.T) {
 	expect := "  Model\n" +
 		"    architecture    ZImagePipeline    \n" +
 		"    parameters      10.3B             \n" +
-		"    quantization    FP8               \n" +
+		"    quantization    Q8                \n" +
 		"    requires        0.14.0            \n" +
 		"\n" +
 		"  Capabilities\n" +

cmd/config/claude.go

@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ import (
 	"os/exec"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"runtime"
+
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/envconfig"
 )
 
 // Claude implements Runner for Claude Code integration
@@ -50,7 +52,7 @@ func (c *Claude) Run(model string) error {
 	cmd.Stdout = os.Stdout
 	cmd.Stderr = os.Stderr
 	cmd.Env = append(os.Environ(),
-		"ANTHROPIC_BASE_URL=http://localhost:11434",
+		"ANTHROPIC_BASE_URL="+envconfig.Host().String(),
 		"ANTHROPIC_API_KEY=",
 		"ANTHROPIC_AUTH_TOKEN=ollama",
 	)

cmd/config/config.go

@@ -3,12 +3,15 @@
 package config
 
 import (
+	"context"
 	"encoding/json"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/api"
 )
 
 type integration struct {
@@ -17,6 +20,7 @@ type integration struct {
 
 type config struct {
 	Integrations map[string]*integration `json:"integrations"`
+	LastModel    string                  `json:"last_model,omitempty"`
 }
 
 func configPath() (string, error) {
@@ -86,6 +90,55 @@ func saveIntegration(appName string, models []string) error {
 	return save(cfg)
 }
 
+// IntegrationModel returns the first configured model for an integration, or empty string if not configured.
+func IntegrationModel(appName string) string {
+	ic, err := loadIntegration(appName)
+	if err != nil || len(ic.Models) == 0 {
+		return ""
+	}
+	return ic.Models[0]
+}
+
+// LastModel returns the last model that was run, or empty string if none.
+func LastModel() string {
+	cfg, err := load()
+	if err != nil {
+		return ""
+	}
+	return cfg.LastModel
+}
+
+// SetLastModel saves the last model that was run.
+func SetLastModel(model string) error {
+	cfg, err := load()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	cfg.LastModel = model
+	return save(cfg)
+}
+
+// ModelExists checks if a model exists on the Ollama server.
+func ModelExists(ctx context.Context, name string) bool {
+	if name == "" {
+		return false
+	}
+	client, err := api.ClientFromEnvironment()
+	if err != nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	models, err := client.List(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	for _, m := range models.Models {
+		if m.Name == name || strings.HasPrefix(m.Name, name+":") {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
 func loadIntegration(appName string) (*integration, error) {
 	cfg, err := load()
 	if err != nil {

cmd/config/droid.go

@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ import (
 	"os/exec"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"slices"
+
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/envconfig"
 )
 
 // Droid implements Runner and Editor for Droid integration
@@ -117,7 +119,7 @@ func (d *Droid) Edit(models []string) error {
 		newModels = append(newModels, modelEntry{
 			Model:           model,
 			DisplayName:     model,
-			BaseURL:         "http://localhost:11434/v1",
+			BaseURL:         envconfig.Host().String() + "/v1",
 			APIKey:          "ollama",
 			Provider:        "generic-chat-completion-api",
 			MaxOutputTokens: 64000,

cmd/config/droid_test.go

@@ -218,7 +218,7 @@ func TestDroidEdit(t *testing.T) {
 			}
 		}
 
-		if model["baseUrl"] != "http://localhost:11434/v1" {
+		if model["baseUrl"] != "http://127.0.0.1:11434/v1" {
 			t.Errorf("unexpected baseUrl: %s", model["baseUrl"])
 		}
 		if model["apiKey"] != "ollama" {
@@ -447,7 +447,7 @@ const testDroidSettingsFixture = `{
     {
       "model": "existing-ollama-model",
       "displayName": "existing-ollama-model",
-      "baseUrl": "http://localhost:11434/v1",
+      "baseUrl": "http://127.0.0.1:11434/v1",
       "apiKey": "ollama",
       "provider": "generic-chat-completion-api",
       "maxOutputTokens": 64000,

cmd/config/integrations.go

@@ -4,9 +4,12 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
+	"io"
 	"maps"
+	"net/http"
 	"os"
 	"os/exec"
+	"path/filepath"
 	"runtime"
 	"slices"
 	"strings"
@@ -41,10 +44,177 @@ type Editor interface {
 // integrations is the registry of available integrations.
 var integrations = map[string]Runner{
 	"claude":   &Claude{},
-	"clawdbot": &Clawdbot{},
+	"clawdbot": &Openclaw{},
 	"codex":    &Codex{},
+	"moltbot":  &Openclaw{},
 	"droid":    &Droid{},
 	"opencode": &OpenCode{},
+	"openclaw": &Openclaw{},
+}
+
+// integrationAliases are hidden from the interactive selector but work as CLI arguments.
+var integrationAliases = map[string]bool{
+	"clawdbot": true,
+	"moltbot":  true,
+}
+
+// integrationInstallURLs maps integration names to their install script URLs.
+var integrationInstallURLs = map[string]string{
+	"claude":   "https://claude.ai/install.sh",
+	"openclaw": "https://openclaw.ai/install.sh",
+	"droid":    "https://app.factory.ai/cli",
+	"opencode": "https://opencode.ai/install",
+}
+
+// CanInstallIntegration returns true if we have an install script for this integration.
+func CanInstallIntegration(name string) bool {
+	_, ok := integrationInstallURLs[name]
+	return ok
+}
+
+// IsIntegrationInstalled checks if an integration binary is installed.
+func IsIntegrationInstalled(name string) bool {
+	switch name {
+	case "claude":
+		c := &Claude{}
+		_, err := c.findPath()
+		return err == nil
+	case "openclaw":
+		if _, err := exec.LookPath("openclaw"); err == nil {
+			return true
+		}
+		if _, err := exec.LookPath("clawdbot"); err == nil {
+			return true
+		}
+		return false
+	case "codex":
+		_, err := exec.LookPath("codex")
+		return err == nil
+	case "droid":
+		_, err := exec.LookPath("droid")
+		return err == nil
+	case "opencode":
+		_, err := exec.LookPath("opencode")
+		return err == nil
+	default:
+		return true // Assume installed for unknown integrations
+	}
+}
+
+// InstallIntegration downloads and runs the install script for an integration.
+func InstallIntegration(name string) error {
+	url, ok := integrationInstallURLs[name]
+	if !ok {
+		return fmt.Errorf("no install script available for %s", name)
+	}
+
+	// Download the install script
+	resp, err := http.Get(url)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to download install script: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer resp.Body.Close()
+
+	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to download install script: HTTP %d", resp.StatusCode)
+	}
+
+	script, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to read install script: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// Create a temporary file for the script
+	tmpDir := os.TempDir()
+	scriptPath := filepath.Join(tmpDir, fmt.Sprintf("install-%s.sh", name))
+	if err := os.WriteFile(scriptPath, script, 0o700); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to write install script: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer os.Remove(scriptPath)
+
+	// Execute the script with bash
+	cmd := exec.Command("bash", scriptPath)
+	cmd.Stdin = os.Stdin
+	cmd.Stdout = os.Stdout
+	cmd.Stderr = os.Stderr
+
+	if err := cmd.Run(); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("install script failed: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// SelectModel lets the user select a model to run.
+// ModelItem represents a model for selection.
+type ModelItem struct {
+	Name        string
+	Description string
+}
+
+// SingleSelector is a function type for single item selection.
+type SingleSelector func(title string, items []ModelItem) (string, error)
+
+// MultiSelector is a function type for multi item selection.
+type MultiSelector func(title string, items []ModelItem, preChecked []string) ([]string, error)
+
+// SelectModelWithSelector prompts the user to select a model using the provided selector.
+func SelectModelWithSelector(ctx context.Context, selector SingleSelector) (string, error) {
+	client, err := api.ClientFromEnvironment()
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+
+	models, err := client.List(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+
+	if len(models.Models) == 0 {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("no models available, run 'ollama pull <model>' first")
+	}
+
+	lastModel := LastModel()
+
+	var items []ModelItem
+	for _, m := range models.Models {
+		items = append(items, ModelItem{Name: m.Name})
+	}
+
+	// Sort with last model first, then alphabetically
+	slices.SortFunc(items, func(a, b ModelItem) int {
+		aIsLast := a.Name == lastModel
+		bIsLast := b.Name == lastModel
+		if aIsLast != bIsLast {
+			if aIsLast {
+				return -1
+			}
+			return 1
+		}
+		return strings.Compare(strings.ToLower(a.Name), strings.ToLower(b.Name))
+	})
+
+	return selector("Select model to run:", items)
+}
+
+func SelectModel(ctx context.Context) (string, error) {
+	return SelectModelWithSelector(ctx, defaultSingleSelector)
+}
+
+func defaultSingleSelector(title string, items []ModelItem) (string, error) {
+	selectItems := make([]selectItem, len(items))
+	for i, item := range items {
+		selectItems[i] = selectItem(item)
+	}
+	return selectPrompt(title, selectItems)
+}
+
+func defaultMultiSelector(title string, items []ModelItem, preChecked []string) ([]string, error) {
+	selectItems := make([]selectItem, len(items))
+	for i, item := range items {
+		selectItems[i] = selectItem(item)
+	}
+	return multiSelectPrompt(title, selectItems, preChecked)
 }
 
 func selectIntegration() (string, error) {
@@ -55,6 +225,9 @@ func selectIntegration() (string, error) {
 	names := slices.Sorted(maps.Keys(integrations))
 	var items []selectItem
 	for _, name := range names {
+		if integrationAliases[name] {
+			continue
+		}
 		r := integrations[name]
 		description := r.String()
 		if conn, err := loadIntegration(name); err == nil && len(conn.Models) > 0 {
@@ -66,8 +239,8 @@ func selectIntegration() (string, error) {
 	return selectPrompt("Select integration:", items)
 }
 
-// selectModels lets the user select models for an integration
-func selectModels(ctx context.Context, name, current string) ([]string, error) {
+// selectModelsWithSelectors lets the user select models for an integration using provided selectors.
+func selectModelsWithSelectors(ctx context.Context, name, current string, single SingleSelector, multi MultiSelector) ([]string, error) {
 	r, ok := integrations[name]
 	if !ok {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unknown integration: %s", name)
@@ -87,13 +260,13 @@ func selectModels(ctx context.Context, name, current string) ([]string, error) {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("no models available, run 'ollama pull <model>' first")
 	}
 
-	var items []selectItem
+	var items []ModelItem
 	cloudModels := make(map[string]bool)
 	for _, m := range models.Models {
 		if m.RemoteModel != "" {
 			cloudModels[m.Name] = true
 		}
-		items = append(items, selectItem{Name: m.Name})
+		items = append(items, ModelItem{Name: m.Name})
 	}
 
 	if len(items) == 0 {
@@ -126,7 +299,7 @@ func selectModels(ctx context.Context, name, current string) ([]string, error) {
 	}
 
 	// Sort: checked first, then alphabetical
-	slices.SortFunc(items, func(a, b selectItem) int {
+	slices.SortFunc(items, func(a, b ModelItem) int {
 		ac, bc := checked[a.Name], checked[b.Name]
 		if ac != bc {
 			if ac {
@@ -140,12 +313,12 @@ func selectModels(ctx context.Context, name, current string) ([]string, error) {
 	var selected []string
 	// only editors support multi-model selection
 	if _, ok := r.(Editor); ok {
-		selected, err = multiSelectPrompt(fmt.Sprintf("Select models for %s:", r), items, preChecked)
+		selected, err = multi(fmt.Sprintf("Select models for %s:", r), items, preChecked)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
 	} else {
-		model, err := selectPrompt(fmt.Sprintf("Select model for %s:", r), items)
+		model, err := single(fmt.Sprintf("Select model for %s:", r), items)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
@@ -222,6 +395,11 @@ func selectModels(ctx context.Context, name, current string) ([]string, error) {
 	return selected, nil
 }
 
+// selectModels lets the user select models for an integration using default selectors.
+func selectModels(ctx context.Context, name, current string) ([]string, error) {
+	return selectModelsWithSelectors(ctx, name, current, defaultSingleSelector, defaultMultiSelector)
+}
+
 func runIntegration(name, modelName string) error {
 	r, ok := integrations[name]
 	if !ok {
@@ -231,22 +409,93 @@ func runIntegration(name, modelName string) error {
 	return r.Run(modelName)
 }
 
+// LaunchIntegration launches the named integration using saved config or prompts for setup.
+func LaunchIntegration(name string) error {
+	r, ok := integrations[name]
+	if !ok {
+		return fmt.Errorf("unknown integration: %s", name)
+	}
+
+	// Try to use saved config
+	if config, err := loadIntegration(name); err == nil && len(config.Models) > 0 {
+		return runIntegration(name, config.Models[0])
+	}
+
+	// No saved config - prompt user to run setup
+	return fmt.Errorf("%s is not configured. Run 'ollama launch %s' to set it up", r, name)
+}
+
+// ConfigureIntegrationWithSelectors allows the user to select/change the model for an integration using custom selectors.
+func ConfigureIntegrationWithSelectors(ctx context.Context, name string, single SingleSelector, multi MultiSelector) error {
+	r, ok := integrations[name]
+	if !ok {
+		return fmt.Errorf("unknown integration: %s", name)
+	}
+
+	models, err := selectModelsWithSelectors(ctx, name, "", single, multi)
+	if errors.Is(err, errCancelled) {
+		return nil
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if editor, isEditor := r.(Editor); isEditor {
+		paths := editor.Paths()
+		if len(paths) > 0 {
+			fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "This will modify your %s configuration:\n", r)
+			for _, p := range paths {
+				fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "  %s\n", p)
+			}
+			fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "Backups will be saved to %s/\n\n", backupDir())
+
+			if ok, _ := confirmPrompt("Proceed?"); !ok {
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+
+		if err := editor.Edit(models); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("setup failed: %w", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if err := saveIntegration(name, models); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to save: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if len(models) == 1 {
+		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "Configured %s with %s\n", r, models[0])
+	} else {
+		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "Configured %s with %d models (default: %s)\n", r, len(models), models[0])
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// ConfigureIntegration allows the user to select/change the model for an integration.
+func ConfigureIntegration(ctx context.Context, name string) error {
+	return ConfigureIntegrationWithSelectors(ctx, name, defaultSingleSelector, defaultMultiSelector)
+}
+
 // LaunchCmd returns the cobra command for launching integrations.
-func LaunchCmd(checkServerHeartbeat func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error) *cobra.Command {
+// The runTUI callback is called when no arguments are provided (alias for main TUI).
+func LaunchCmd(checkServerHeartbeat func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error, runTUI func(cmd *cobra.Command)) *cobra.Command {
 	var modelFlag string
 	var configFlag bool
 
 	cmd := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:   "launch [INTEGRATION]",
-		Short: "Launch an integration with Ollama",
-		Long: `Launch an integration configured with Ollama models.
+		Short: "Launch the Ollama menu or an integration",
+		Long: `Launch the Ollama interactive menu, or directly launch a specific integration.
+
+Without arguments, this is equivalent to running 'ollama' directly.
 
 Supported integrations:
   claude    Claude Code
-  clawdbot  Clawdbot
   codex     Codex
   droid     Droid
   opencode  OpenCode
+  openclaw  OpenClaw (aliases: clawdbot, moltbot)
 
 Examples:
   ollama launch
@@ -256,6 +505,12 @@ Examples:
 		Args:    cobra.MaximumNArgs(1),
 		PreRunE: checkServerHeartbeat,
 		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+			// No args - run the main TUI (same as 'ollama')
+			if len(args) == 0 && modelFlag == "" && !configFlag {
+				runTUI(cmd)
+				return nil
+			}
+
 			var name string
 			if len(args) > 0 {
 				name = args[0]

cmd/config/integrations_test.go

@@ -86,8 +86,10 @@ func TestLaunchCmd(t *testing.T) {
 	mockCheck := func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 		return nil
 	}
+	// Mock TUI function (not called in these tests)
+	mockTUI := func(cmd *cobra.Command) {}
 
-	cmd := LaunchCmd(mockCheck)
+	cmd := LaunchCmd(mockCheck, mockTUI)
 
 	t.Run("command structure", func(t *testing.T) {
 		if cmd.Use != "launch [INTEGRATION]" {
@@ -120,6 +122,75 @@ func TestLaunchCmd(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 }
 
+func TestLaunchCmd_TUICallback(t *testing.T) {
+	mockCheck := func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	t.Run("no args calls TUI", func(t *testing.T) {
+		tuiCalled := false
+		mockTUI := func(cmd *cobra.Command) {
+			tuiCalled = true
+		}
+
+		cmd := LaunchCmd(mockCheck, mockTUI)
+		cmd.SetArgs([]string{})
+		_ = cmd.Execute()
+
+		if !tuiCalled {
+			t.Error("TUI callback should be called when no args provided")
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("integration arg bypasses TUI", func(t *testing.T) {
+		tuiCalled := false
+		mockTUI := func(cmd *cobra.Command) {
+			tuiCalled = true
+		}
+
+		cmd := LaunchCmd(mockCheck, mockTUI)
+		cmd.SetArgs([]string{"claude"})
+		// Will error because claude isn't configured, but that's OK
+		_ = cmd.Execute()
+
+		if tuiCalled {
+			t.Error("TUI callback should NOT be called when integration arg provided")
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("--model flag bypasses TUI", func(t *testing.T) {
+		tuiCalled := false
+		mockTUI := func(cmd *cobra.Command) {
+			tuiCalled = true
+		}
+
+		cmd := LaunchCmd(mockCheck, mockTUI)
+		cmd.SetArgs([]string{"--model", "test-model"})
+		// Will error because no integration specified, but that's OK
+		_ = cmd.Execute()
+
+		if tuiCalled {
+			t.Error("TUI callback should NOT be called when --model flag provided")
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("--config flag bypasses TUI", func(t *testing.T) {
+		tuiCalled := false
+		mockTUI := func(cmd *cobra.Command) {
+			tuiCalled = true
+		}
+
+		cmd := LaunchCmd(mockCheck, mockTUI)
+		cmd.SetArgs([]string{"--config"})
+		// Will error because no integration specified, but that's OK
+		_ = cmd.Execute()
+
+		if tuiCalled {
+			t.Error("TUI callback should NOT be called when --config flag provided")
+		}
+	})
+}
+
 func TestRunIntegration_UnknownIntegration(t *testing.T) {
 	err := runIntegration("unknown-integration", "model")
 	if err == nil {
@@ -160,7 +231,7 @@ func TestHasLocalModel_DocumentsHeuristic(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestLaunchCmd_NilHeartbeat(t *testing.T) {
 	// This should not panic - cmd creation should work even with nil
-	cmd := LaunchCmd(nil)
+	cmd := LaunchCmd(nil, nil)
 	if cmd == nil {
 		t.Fatal("LaunchCmd returned nil")
 	}

cmd/config/openclaw.go

@@ -9,28 +9,50 @@ import (
 	"os/exec"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/envconfig"
 )
 
-type Clawdbot struct{}
+type Openclaw struct{}
 
-func (c *Clawdbot) String() string { return "Clawdbot" }
+func (c *Openclaw) String() string { return "OpenClaw" }
 
 const ansiGreen = "\033[32m"
 
-func (c *Clawdbot) Run(model string) error {
-	if _, err := exec.LookPath("clawdbot"); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("clawdbot is not installed, install from https://docs.clawd.bot")
+func (c *Openclaw) Run(model string) error {
+	bin := "openclaw"
+	if _, err := exec.LookPath(bin); err != nil {
+		bin = "clawdbot"
+		if _, err := exec.LookPath(bin); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("openclaw is not installed, install from https://docs.openclaw.ai")
+		}
 	}
 
 	models := []string{model}
-	if config, err := loadIntegration("clawdbot"); err == nil && len(config.Models) > 0 {
+	if config, err := loadIntegration("openclaw"); err == nil && len(config.Models) > 0 {
+		models = config.Models
+	} else if config, err := loadIntegration("clawdbot"); err == nil && len(config.Models) > 0 {
 		models = config.Models
 	}
 	if err := c.Edit(models); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("setup failed: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	cmd := exec.Command("clawdbot", "gateway")
+	if !c.onboarded() {
+		// Onboarding not completed: run it (model already set via Edit)
+		// Use "ollama" as gateway token for simple local access
+		cmd := exec.Command(bin, "onboard",
+			"--auth-choice", "skip",
+			"--gateway-token", "ollama",
+		)
+		cmd.Stdin = os.Stdin
+		cmd.Stdout = os.Stdout
+		cmd.Stderr = os.Stderr
+		return cmd.Run()
+	}
+
+	// Onboarding completed: run gateway
+	cmd := exec.Command(bin, "gateway")
 	cmd.Stdin = os.Stdin
 
 	// Capture output to detect "already running" message
@@ -40,22 +62,55 @@ func (c *Clawdbot) Run(model string) error {
 
 	err := cmd.Run()
 	if err != nil && strings.Contains(outputBuf.String(), "Gateway already running") {
-		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "%sClawdbot has been configured with Ollama. Gateway is already running.%s\n", ansiGreen, ansiReset)
+		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "%sOpenClaw has been configured with Ollama. Gateway is already running.%s\n", ansiGreen, ansiReset)
 		return nil
 	}
 	return err
 }
 
-func (c *Clawdbot) Paths() []string {
+// onboarded checks if OpenClaw onboarding wizard was completed
+// by looking for the wizard.lastRunAt marker in the config
+func (c *Openclaw) onboarded() bool {
+	home, err := os.UserHomeDir()
+	if err != nil {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	configPath := filepath.Join(home, ".openclaw", "openclaw.json")
+	legacyPath := filepath.Join(home, ".clawdbot", "clawdbot.json")
+
+	config := make(map[string]any)
+	if data, err := os.ReadFile(configPath); err == nil {
+		_ = json.Unmarshal(data, &config)
+	} else if data, err := os.ReadFile(legacyPath); err == nil {
+		_ = json.Unmarshal(data, &config)
+	} else {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	// Check for wizard.lastRunAt marker (set when onboarding completes)
+	wizard, _ := config["wizard"].(map[string]any)
+	if wizard == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	lastRunAt, _ := wizard["lastRunAt"].(string)
+	return lastRunAt != ""
+}
+
+func (c *Openclaw) Paths() []string {
 	home, _ := os.UserHomeDir()
-	p := filepath.Join(home, ".clawdbot", "clawdbot.json")
+	p := filepath.Join(home, ".openclaw", "openclaw.json")
 	if _, err := os.Stat(p); err == nil {
 		return []string{p}
 	}
+	legacy := filepath.Join(home, ".clawdbot", "clawdbot.json")
+	if _, err := os.Stat(legacy); err == nil {
+		return []string{legacy}
+	}
 	return nil
 }
 
-func (c *Clawdbot) Edit(models []string) error {
+func (c *Openclaw) Edit(models []string) error {
 	if len(models) == 0 {
 		return nil
 	}
@@ -65,7 +120,8 @@ func (c *Clawdbot) Edit(models []string) error {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	configPath := filepath.Join(home, ".clawdbot", "clawdbot.json")
+	configPath := filepath.Join(home, ".openclaw", "openclaw.json")
+	legacyPath := filepath.Join(home, ".clawdbot", "clawdbot.json")
 	if err := os.MkdirAll(filepath.Dir(configPath), 0o755); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -74,6 +130,8 @@ func (c *Clawdbot) Edit(models []string) error {
 	config := make(map[string]any)
 	if data, err := os.ReadFile(configPath); err == nil {
 		_ = json.Unmarshal(data, &config)
+	} else if data, err := os.ReadFile(legacyPath); err == nil {
+		_ = json.Unmarshal(data, &config)
 	}
 
 	// Navigate/create: models.providers.ollama (preserving other providers)
@@ -90,7 +148,7 @@ func (c *Clawdbot) Edit(models []string) error {
 		ollama = make(map[string]any)
 	}
 
-	ollama["baseUrl"] = "http://127.0.0.1:11434/v1"
+	ollama["baseUrl"] = envconfig.Host().String() + "/v1"
 	// needed to register provider
 	ollama["apiKey"] = "ollama-local"
 	// TODO(parthsareen): potentially move to responses
@@ -165,15 +223,18 @@ func (c *Clawdbot) Edit(models []string) error {
 	return writeWithBackup(configPath, data)
 }
 
-func (c *Clawdbot) Models() []string {
+func (c *Openclaw) Models() []string {
 	home, err := os.UserHomeDir()
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil
 	}
 
-	config, err := readJSONFile(filepath.Join(home, ".clawdbot", "clawdbot.json"))
+	config, err := readJSONFile(filepath.Join(home, ".openclaw", "openclaw.json"))
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil
+		config, err = readJSONFile(filepath.Join(home, ".clawdbot", "clawdbot.json"))
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil
+		}
 	}
 
 	modelsSection, _ := config["models"].(map[string]any)

cmd/config/openclaw_test.go

@@ -8,12 +8,12 @@ import (
 	"testing"
 )
 
-func TestClawdbotIntegration(t *testing.T) {
-	c := &Clawdbot{}
+func TestOpenclawIntegration(t *testing.T) {
+	c := &Openclaw{}
 
 	t.Run("String", func(t *testing.T) {
-		if got := c.String(); got != "Clawdbot" {
-			t.Errorf("String() = %q, want %q", got, "Clawdbot")
+		if got := c.String(); got != "OpenClaw" {
+			t.Errorf("String() = %q, want %q", got, "OpenClaw")
 		}
 	})
 
@@ -26,13 +26,13 @@ func TestClawdbotIntegration(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 }
 
-func TestClawdbotEdit(t *testing.T) {
-	c := &Clawdbot{}
+func TestOpenclawEdit(t *testing.T) {
+	c := &Openclaw{}
 	tmpDir := t.TempDir()
 	setTestHome(t, tmpDir)
 
-	configDir := filepath.Join(tmpDir, ".clawdbot")
-	configPath := filepath.Join(configDir, "clawdbot.json")
+	configDir := filepath.Join(tmpDir, ".openclaw")
+	configPath := filepath.Join(configDir, "openclaw.json")
 
 	cleanup := func() { os.RemoveAll(configDir) }
 
@@ -41,8 +41,8 @@ func TestClawdbotEdit(t *testing.T) {
 		if err := c.Edit([]string{"llama3.2"}); err != nil {
 			t.Fatal(err)
 		}
-		assertClawdbotModelExists(t, configPath, "llama3.2")
-		assertClawdbotPrimaryModel(t, configPath, "ollama/llama3.2")
+		assertOpenclawModelExists(t, configPath, "llama3.2")
+		assertOpenclawPrimaryModel(t, configPath, "ollama/llama3.2")
 	})
 
 	t.Run("multiple models - first is primary", func(t *testing.T) {
@@ -50,9 +50,9 @@ func TestClawdbotEdit(t *testing.T) {
 		if err := c.Edit([]string{"llama3.2", "mistral"}); err != nil {
 			t.Fatal(err)
 		}
-		assertClawdbotModelExists(t, configPath, "llama3.2")
-		assertClawdbotModelExists(t, configPath, "mistral")
-		assertClawdbotPrimaryModel(t, configPath, "ollama/llama3.2")
+		assertOpenclawModelExists(t, configPath, "llama3.2")
+		assertOpenclawModelExists(t, configPath, "mistral")
+		assertOpenclawPrimaryModel(t, configPath, "ollama/llama3.2")
 	})
 
 	t.Run("preserve other providers", func(t *testing.T) {
@@ -127,8 +127,8 @@ func TestClawdbotEdit(t *testing.T) {
 		c.Edit([]string{"llama3.2", "mistral"})
 		c.Edit([]string{"llama3.2"})
 
-		assertClawdbotModelExists(t, configPath, "llama3.2")
-		assertClawdbotModelNotExists(t, configPath, "mistral")
+		assertOpenclawModelExists(t, configPath, "llama3.2")
+		assertOpenclawModelNotExists(t, configPath, "mistral")
 	})
 
 	t.Run("empty models is no-op", func(t *testing.T) {
@@ -169,12 +169,12 @@ func TestClawdbotEdit(t *testing.T) {
 		if err := c.Edit([]string{"llama3.2"}); err != nil {
 			t.Fatal(err)
 		}
-		assertClawdbotModelExists(t, configPath, "llama3.2")
+		assertOpenclawModelExists(t, configPath, "llama3.2")
 	})
 }
 
-func TestClawdbotModels(t *testing.T) {
-	c := &Clawdbot{}
+func TestOpenclawModels(t *testing.T) {
+	c := &Openclaw{}
 	tmpDir := t.TempDir()
 	setTestHome(t, tmpDir)
 
@@ -185,9 +185,9 @@ func TestClawdbotModels(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 
 	t.Run("returns all ollama models", func(t *testing.T) {
-		configDir := filepath.Join(tmpDir, ".clawdbot")
+		configDir := filepath.Join(tmpDir, ".openclaw")
 		os.MkdirAll(configDir, 0o755)
-		os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(configDir, "clawdbot.json"), []byte(`{
+		os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(configDir, "openclaw.json"), []byte(`{
 			"models":{"providers":{"ollama":{"models":[
 				{"id":"llama3.2"},
 				{"id":"mistral"}
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ func TestClawdbotModels(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 // Helper functions
-func assertClawdbotModelExists(t *testing.T, path, model string) {
+func assertOpenclawModelExists(t *testing.T, path, model string) {
 	t.Helper()
 	data, _ := os.ReadFile(path)
 	var cfg map[string]any
@@ -221,7 +221,7 @@ func assertClawdbotModelExists(t *testing.T, path, model string) {
 	t.Errorf("model %s not found", model)
 }
 
-func assertClawdbotModelNotExists(t *testing.T, path, model string) {
+func assertOpenclawModelNotExists(t *testing.T, path, model string) {
 	t.Helper()
 	data, _ := os.ReadFile(path)
 	var cfg map[string]any
@@ -239,7 +239,7 @@ func assertClawdbotModelNotExists(t *testing.T, path, model string) {
 	}
 }
 
-func assertClawdbotPrimaryModel(t *testing.T, path, expected string) {
+func assertOpenclawPrimaryModel(t *testing.T, path, expected string) {
 	t.Helper()
 	data, _ := os.ReadFile(path)
 	var cfg map[string]any
@@ -252,15 +252,15 @@ func assertClawdbotPrimaryModel(t *testing.T, path, expected string) {
 	}
 }
 
-func TestClawdbotPaths(t *testing.T) {
-	c := &Clawdbot{}
+func TestOpenclawPaths(t *testing.T) {
+	c := &Openclaw{}
 
 	t.Run("returns path when config exists", func(t *testing.T) {
 		tmpDir := t.TempDir()
 		setTestHome(t, tmpDir)
-		configDir := filepath.Join(tmpDir, ".clawdbot")
+		configDir := filepath.Join(tmpDir, ".openclaw")
 		os.MkdirAll(configDir, 0o755)
-		os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(configDir, "clawdbot.json"), []byte(`{}`), 0o644)
+		os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(configDir, "openclaw.json"), []byte(`{}`), 0o644)
 
 		paths := c.Paths()
 		if len(paths) != 1 {
@@ -277,12 +277,12 @@ func TestClawdbotPaths(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 }
 
-func TestClawdbotModelsEdgeCases(t *testing.T) {
-	c := &Clawdbot{}
+func TestOpenclawModelsEdgeCases(t *testing.T) {
+	c := &Openclaw{}
 	tmpDir := t.TempDir()
 	setTestHome(t, tmpDir)
-	configDir := filepath.Join(tmpDir, ".clawdbot")
-	configPath := filepath.Join(configDir, "clawdbot.json")
+	configDir := filepath.Join(tmpDir, ".openclaw")
+	configPath := filepath.Join(configDir, "openclaw.json")
 	cleanup := func() { os.RemoveAll(configDir) }
 
 	t.Run("corrupted JSON returns nil", func(t *testing.T) {
@@ -340,11 +340,11 @@ func TestClawdbotModelsEdgeCases(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 }
 
-func TestClawdbotEditSchemaFields(t *testing.T) {
-	c := &Clawdbot{}
+func TestOpenclawEditSchemaFields(t *testing.T) {
+	c := &Openclaw{}
 	tmpDir := t.TempDir()
 	setTestHome(t, tmpDir)
-	configPath := filepath.Join(tmpDir, ".clawdbot", "clawdbot.json")
+	configPath := filepath.Join(tmpDir, ".openclaw", "openclaw.json")
 
 	if err := c.Edit([]string{"llama3.2"}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
@@ -381,20 +381,20 @@ func TestClawdbotEditSchemaFields(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-func TestClawdbotEditModelNames(t *testing.T) {
-	c := &Clawdbot{}
+func TestOpenclawEditModelNames(t *testing.T) {
+	c := &Openclaw{}
 	tmpDir := t.TempDir()
 	setTestHome(t, tmpDir)
-	configPath := filepath.Join(tmpDir, ".clawdbot", "clawdbot.json")
-	cleanup := func() { os.RemoveAll(filepath.Join(tmpDir, ".clawdbot")) }
+	configPath := filepath.Join(tmpDir, ".openclaw", "openclaw.json")
+	cleanup := func() { os.RemoveAll(filepath.Join(tmpDir, ".openclaw")) }
 
 	t.Run("model with colon tag", func(t *testing.T) {
 		cleanup()
 		if err := c.Edit([]string{"llama3.2:70b"}); err != nil {
 			t.Fatal(err)
 		}
-		assertClawdbotModelExists(t, configPath, "llama3.2:70b")
-		assertClawdbotPrimaryModel(t, configPath, "ollama/llama3.2:70b")
+		assertOpenclawModelExists(t, configPath, "llama3.2:70b")
+		assertOpenclawPrimaryModel(t, configPath, "ollama/llama3.2:70b")
 	})
 
 	t.Run("model with slash", func(t *testing.T) {
@@ -402,8 +402,8 @@ func TestClawdbotEditModelNames(t *testing.T) {
 		if err := c.Edit([]string{"library/model:tag"}); err != nil {
 			t.Fatal(err)
 		}
-		assertClawdbotModelExists(t, configPath, "library/model:tag")
-		assertClawdbotPrimaryModel(t, configPath, "ollama/library/model:tag")
+		assertOpenclawModelExists(t, configPath, "library/model:tag")
+		assertOpenclawPrimaryModel(t, configPath, "ollama/library/model:tag")
 	})
 
 	t.Run("model with hyphen", func(t *testing.T) {
@@ -411,16 +411,16 @@ func TestClawdbotEditModelNames(t *testing.T) {
 		if err := c.Edit([]string{"test-model"}); err != nil {
 			t.Fatal(err)
 		}
-		assertClawdbotModelExists(t, configPath, "test-model")
+		assertOpenclawModelExists(t, configPath, "test-model")
 	})
 }
 
-func TestClawdbotEditAgentsPreservation(t *testing.T) {
-	c := &Clawdbot{}
+func TestOpenclawEditAgentsPreservation(t *testing.T) {
+	c := &Openclaw{}
 	tmpDir := t.TempDir()
 	setTestHome(t, tmpDir)
-	configDir := filepath.Join(tmpDir, ".clawdbot")
-	configPath := filepath.Join(configDir, "clawdbot.json")
+	configDir := filepath.Join(tmpDir, ".openclaw")
+	configPath := filepath.Join(configDir, "openclaw.json")
 	cleanup := func() { os.RemoveAll(configDir) }
 
 	t.Run("preserve other agent defaults", func(t *testing.T) {
@@ -457,7 +457,7 @@ func TestClawdbotEditAgentsPreservation(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 }
 
-const testClawdbotFixture = `{
+const testOpenclawFixture = `{
   "theme": "dark",
   "mcp": {"servers": {"custom": {"enabled": true}}},
   "models": {
@@ -475,15 +475,15 @@ const testClawdbotFixture = `{
   }
 }`
 
-func TestClawdbotEdit_RoundTrip(t *testing.T) {
-	c := &Clawdbot{}
+func TestOpenclawEdit_RoundTrip(t *testing.T) {
+	c := &Openclaw{}
 	tmpDir := t.TempDir()
 	setTestHome(t, tmpDir)
-	configDir := filepath.Join(tmpDir, ".clawdbot")
-	configPath := filepath.Join(configDir, "clawdbot.json")
+	configDir := filepath.Join(tmpDir, ".openclaw")
+	configPath := filepath.Join(configDir, "openclaw.json")
 
 	os.MkdirAll(configDir, 0o755)
-	os.WriteFile(configPath, []byte(testClawdbotFixture), 0o644)
+	os.WriteFile(configPath, []byte(testOpenclawFixture), 0o644)
 
 	if err := c.Edit([]string{"llama3.2", "mistral"}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
@@ -521,15 +521,15 @@ func TestClawdbotEdit_RoundTrip(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-func TestClawdbotEdit_Idempotent(t *testing.T) {
-	c := &Clawdbot{}
+func TestOpenclawEdit_Idempotent(t *testing.T) {
+	c := &Openclaw{}
 	tmpDir := t.TempDir()
 	setTestHome(t, tmpDir)
-	configDir := filepath.Join(tmpDir, ".clawdbot")
-	configPath := filepath.Join(configDir, "clawdbot.json")
+	configDir := filepath.Join(tmpDir, ".openclaw")
+	configPath := filepath.Join(configDir, "openclaw.json")
 
 	os.MkdirAll(configDir, 0o755)
-	os.WriteFile(configPath, []byte(testClawdbotFixture), 0o644)
+	os.WriteFile(configPath, []byte(testOpenclawFixture), 0o644)
 
 	c.Edit([]string{"llama3.2", "mistral"})
 	firstData, _ := os.ReadFile(configPath)
@@ -542,15 +542,15 @@ func TestClawdbotEdit_Idempotent(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-func TestClawdbotEdit_MultipleConsecutiveEdits(t *testing.T) {
-	c := &Clawdbot{}
+func TestOpenclawEdit_MultipleConsecutiveEdits(t *testing.T) {
+	c := &Openclaw{}
 	tmpDir := t.TempDir()
 	setTestHome(t, tmpDir)
-	configDir := filepath.Join(tmpDir, ".clawdbot")
-	configPath := filepath.Join(configDir, "clawdbot.json")
+	configDir := filepath.Join(tmpDir, ".openclaw")
+	configPath := filepath.Join(configDir, "openclaw.json")
 
 	os.MkdirAll(configDir, 0o755)
-	os.WriteFile(configPath, []byte(testClawdbotFixture), 0o644)
+	os.WriteFile(configPath, []byte(testOpenclawFixture), 0o644)
 
 	for i := range 10 {
 		models := []string{"model-a", "model-b"}
@@ -573,12 +573,12 @@ func TestClawdbotEdit_MultipleConsecutiveEdits(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-func TestClawdbotEdit_BackupCreated(t *testing.T) {
-	c := &Clawdbot{}
+func TestOpenclawEdit_BackupCreated(t *testing.T) {
+	c := &Openclaw{}
 	tmpDir := t.TempDir()
 	setTestHome(t, tmpDir)
-	configDir := filepath.Join(tmpDir, ".clawdbot")
-	configPath := filepath.Join(configDir, "clawdbot.json")
+	configDir := filepath.Join(tmpDir, ".openclaw")
+	configPath := filepath.Join(configDir, "openclaw.json")
 	backupDir := filepath.Join(os.TempDir(), "ollama-backups")
 
 	os.MkdirAll(configDir, 0o755)
@@ -590,7 +590,7 @@ func TestClawdbotEdit_BackupCreated(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
-	backups, _ := filepath.Glob(filepath.Join(backupDir, "clawdbot.json.*"))
+	backups, _ := filepath.Glob(filepath.Join(backupDir, "openclaw.json.*"))
 	foundBackup := false
 	for _, backup := range backups {
 		data, _ := os.ReadFile(backup)
@@ -605,11 +605,151 @@ func TestClawdbotEdit_BackupCreated(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-func TestClawdbotEdit_CreatesDirectoryIfMissing(t *testing.T) {
-	c := &Clawdbot{}
+func TestOpenclawClawdbotAlias(t *testing.T) {
+	for _, alias := range []string{"clawdbot", "moltbot"} {
+		t.Run(alias+" alias resolves to Openclaw runner", func(t *testing.T) {
+			r, ok := integrations[alias]
+			if !ok {
+				t.Fatalf("%s not found in integrations", alias)
+			}
+			if _, ok := r.(*Openclaw); !ok {
+				t.Errorf("%s integration is %T, want *Openclaw", alias, r)
+			}
+		})
+
+		t.Run(alias+" is hidden from selector", func(t *testing.T) {
+			if !integrationAliases[alias] {
+				t.Errorf("%s should be in integrationAliases", alias)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestOpenclawLegacyPaths(t *testing.T) {
+	c := &Openclaw{}
+
+	t.Run("falls back to legacy clawdbot path", func(t *testing.T) {
+		tmpDir := t.TempDir()
+		setTestHome(t, tmpDir)
+		legacyDir := filepath.Join(tmpDir, ".clawdbot")
+		os.MkdirAll(legacyDir, 0o755)
+		os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(legacyDir, "clawdbot.json"), []byte(`{}`), 0o644)
+
+		paths := c.Paths()
+		if len(paths) != 1 {
+			t.Fatalf("expected 1 path, got %d", len(paths))
+		}
+		if paths[0] != filepath.Join(legacyDir, "clawdbot.json") {
+			t.Errorf("expected legacy path, got %s", paths[0])
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("prefers new path over legacy", func(t *testing.T) {
+		tmpDir := t.TempDir()
+		setTestHome(t, tmpDir)
+		newDir := filepath.Join(tmpDir, ".openclaw")
+		legacyDir := filepath.Join(tmpDir, ".clawdbot")
+		os.MkdirAll(newDir, 0o755)
+		os.MkdirAll(legacyDir, 0o755)
+		os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(newDir, "openclaw.json"), []byte(`{}`), 0o644)
+		os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(legacyDir, "clawdbot.json"), []byte(`{}`), 0o644)
+
+		paths := c.Paths()
+		if len(paths) != 1 {
+			t.Fatalf("expected 1 path, got %d", len(paths))
+		}
+		if paths[0] != filepath.Join(newDir, "openclaw.json") {
+			t.Errorf("expected new path, got %s", paths[0])
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("Models reads from legacy path", func(t *testing.T) {
+		tmpDir := t.TempDir()
+		setTestHome(t, tmpDir)
+		legacyDir := filepath.Join(tmpDir, ".clawdbot")
+		os.MkdirAll(legacyDir, 0o755)
+		os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(legacyDir, "clawdbot.json"), []byte(`{
+			"models":{"providers":{"ollama":{"models":[{"id":"llama3.2"}]}}}
+		}`), 0o644)
+
+		models := c.Models()
+		if len(models) != 1 || models[0] != "llama3.2" {
+			t.Errorf("expected [llama3.2], got %v", models)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("Models prefers new path over legacy", func(t *testing.T) {
+		tmpDir := t.TempDir()
+		setTestHome(t, tmpDir)
+		newDir := filepath.Join(tmpDir, ".openclaw")
+		legacyDir := filepath.Join(tmpDir, ".clawdbot")
+		os.MkdirAll(newDir, 0o755)
+		os.MkdirAll(legacyDir, 0o755)
+		os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(newDir, "openclaw.json"), []byte(`{
+			"models":{"providers":{"ollama":{"models":[{"id":"new-model"}]}}}
+		}`), 0o644)
+		os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(legacyDir, "clawdbot.json"), []byte(`{
+			"models":{"providers":{"ollama":{"models":[{"id":"legacy-model"}]}}}
+		}`), 0o644)
+
+		models := c.Models()
+		if len(models) != 1 || models[0] != "new-model" {
+			t.Errorf("expected [new-model], got %v", models)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("Edit reads new path over legacy when both exist", func(t *testing.T) {
+		tmpDir := t.TempDir()
+		setTestHome(t, tmpDir)
+		newDir := filepath.Join(tmpDir, ".openclaw")
+		legacyDir := filepath.Join(tmpDir, ".clawdbot")
+		os.MkdirAll(newDir, 0o755)
+		os.MkdirAll(legacyDir, 0o755)
+		os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(newDir, "openclaw.json"), []byte(`{"theme":"new"}`), 0o644)
+		os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(legacyDir, "clawdbot.json"), []byte(`{"theme":"legacy"}`), 0o644)
+
+		if err := c.Edit([]string{"llama3.2"}); err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		data, _ := os.ReadFile(filepath.Join(newDir, "openclaw.json"))
+		var cfg map[string]any
+		json.Unmarshal(data, &cfg)
+		if cfg["theme"] != "new" {
+			t.Errorf("expected theme from new config, got %v", cfg["theme"])
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("Edit migrates from legacy config", func(t *testing.T) {
+		tmpDir := t.TempDir()
+		setTestHome(t, tmpDir)
+		legacyDir := filepath.Join(tmpDir, ".clawdbot")
+		os.MkdirAll(legacyDir, 0o755)
+		os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(legacyDir, "clawdbot.json"), []byte(`{"theme":"dark"}`), 0o644)
+
+		if err := c.Edit([]string{"llama3.2"}); err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		// Should write to new path
+		newPath := filepath.Join(tmpDir, ".openclaw", "openclaw.json")
+		data, err := os.ReadFile(newPath)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal("expected new config file to be created")
+		}
+		var cfg map[string]any
+		json.Unmarshal(data, &cfg)
+		if cfg["theme"] != "dark" {
+			t.Error("legacy theme setting was not migrated")
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+func TestOpenclawEdit_CreatesDirectoryIfMissing(t *testing.T) {
+	c := &Openclaw{}
 	tmpDir := t.TempDir()
 	setTestHome(t, tmpDir)
-	configDir := filepath.Join(tmpDir, ".clawdbot")
+	configDir := filepath.Join(tmpDir, ".openclaw")
 
 	if _, err := os.Stat(configDir); !os.IsNotExist(err) {
 		t.Fatal("directory should not exist before test")
@@ -623,3 +763,116 @@ func TestClawdbotEdit_CreatesDirectoryIfMissing(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatal("directory was not created")
 	}
 }
+
+func TestOpenclawOnboarded(t *testing.T) {
+	c := &Openclaw{}
+
+	t.Run("returns false when no config exists", func(t *testing.T) {
+		tmpDir := t.TempDir()
+		setTestHome(t, tmpDir)
+		if c.onboarded() {
+			t.Error("expected false when no config exists")
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("returns false when config exists but no wizard section", func(t *testing.T) {
+		tmpDir := t.TempDir()
+		setTestHome(t, tmpDir)
+		configDir := filepath.Join(tmpDir, ".openclaw")
+		os.MkdirAll(configDir, 0o755)
+		os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(configDir, "openclaw.json"), []byte(`{"theme":"dark"}`), 0o644)
+
+		if c.onboarded() {
+			t.Error("expected false when no wizard section")
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("returns false when wizard section exists but no lastRunAt", func(t *testing.T) {
+		tmpDir := t.TempDir()
+		setTestHome(t, tmpDir)
+		configDir := filepath.Join(tmpDir, ".openclaw")
+		os.MkdirAll(configDir, 0o755)
+		os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(configDir, "openclaw.json"), []byte(`{"wizard":{}}`), 0o644)
+
+		if c.onboarded() {
+			t.Error("expected false when wizard.lastRunAt is missing")
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("returns false when wizard.lastRunAt is empty string", func(t *testing.T) {
+		tmpDir := t.TempDir()
+		setTestHome(t, tmpDir)
+		configDir := filepath.Join(tmpDir, ".openclaw")
+		os.MkdirAll(configDir, 0o755)
+		os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(configDir, "openclaw.json"), []byte(`{"wizard":{"lastRunAt":""}}`), 0o644)
+
+		if c.onboarded() {
+			t.Error("expected false when wizard.lastRunAt is empty")
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("returns true when wizard.lastRunAt is set", func(t *testing.T) {
+		tmpDir := t.TempDir()
+		setTestHome(t, tmpDir)
+		configDir := filepath.Join(tmpDir, ".openclaw")
+		os.MkdirAll(configDir, 0o755)
+		os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(configDir, "openclaw.json"), []byte(`{"wizard":{"lastRunAt":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}`), 0o644)
+
+		if !c.onboarded() {
+			t.Error("expected true when wizard.lastRunAt is set")
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("checks legacy clawdbot path", func(t *testing.T) {
+		tmpDir := t.TempDir()
+		setTestHome(t, tmpDir)
+		legacyDir := filepath.Join(tmpDir, ".clawdbot")
+		os.MkdirAll(legacyDir, 0o755)
+		os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(legacyDir, "clawdbot.json"), []byte(`{"wizard":{"lastRunAt":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}`), 0o644)
+
+		if !c.onboarded() {
+			t.Error("expected true when legacy config has wizard.lastRunAt")
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("prefers new path over legacy", func(t *testing.T) {
+		tmpDir := t.TempDir()
+		setTestHome(t, tmpDir)
+		newDir := filepath.Join(tmpDir, ".openclaw")
+		legacyDir := filepath.Join(tmpDir, ".clawdbot")
+		os.MkdirAll(newDir, 0o755)
+		os.MkdirAll(legacyDir, 0o755)
+		// New path has no wizard marker
+		os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(newDir, "openclaw.json"), []byte(`{}`), 0o644)
+		// Legacy has wizard marker
+		os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(legacyDir, "clawdbot.json"), []byte(`{"wizard":{"lastRunAt":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}`), 0o644)
+
+		if c.onboarded() {
+			t.Error("expected false - should prefer new path which has no wizard marker")
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("handles corrupted JSON gracefully", func(t *testing.T) {
+		tmpDir := t.TempDir()
+		setTestHome(t, tmpDir)
+		configDir := filepath.Join(tmpDir, ".openclaw")
+		os.MkdirAll(configDir, 0o755)
+		os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(configDir, "openclaw.json"), []byte(`{corrupted`), 0o644)
+
+		if c.onboarded() {
+			t.Error("expected false for corrupted JSON")
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("handles wrong type for wizard section", func(t *testing.T) {
+		tmpDir := t.TempDir()
+		setTestHome(t, tmpDir)
+		configDir := filepath.Join(tmpDir, ".openclaw")
+		os.MkdirAll(configDir, 0o755)
+		os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(configDir, "openclaw.json"), []byte(`{"wizard":"not a map"}`), 0o644)
+
+		if c.onboarded() {
+			t.Error("expected false when wizard is wrong type")
+		}
+	})
+}

cmd/config/opencode.go

@@ -9,6 +9,8 @@ import (
 	"path/filepath"
 	"slices"
 	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/envconfig"
 )
 
 // OpenCode implements Runner and Editor for OpenCode integration
@@ -88,7 +90,7 @@ func (o *OpenCode) Edit(modelList []string) error {
 			"npm":  "@ai-sdk/openai-compatible",
 			"name": "Ollama (local)",
 			"options": map[string]any{
-				"baseURL": "http://localhost:11434/v1",
+				"baseURL": envconfig.Host().String() + "/v1",
 			},
 		}
 	}

cmd/config/selector.go

@@ -275,7 +275,11 @@ func parseInput(r io.Reader) (inputEvent, byte, error) {
 func renderSelect(w io.Writer, prompt string, s *selectState) int {
 	filtered := s.filtered()
 
-	fmt.Fprintf(w, "%s %s\r\n", prompt, s.filter)
+	if s.filter == "" {
+		fmt.Fprintf(w, "%s %sType to filter...%s\r\n", prompt, ansiGray, ansiReset)
+	} else {
+		fmt.Fprintf(w, "%s %s\r\n", prompt, s.filter)
+	}
 	lineCount := 1
 
 	if len(filtered) == 0 {
@@ -314,7 +318,11 @@ func renderSelect(w io.Writer, prompt string, s *selectState) int {
 func renderMultiSelect(w io.Writer, prompt string, s *multiSelectState) int {
 	filtered := s.filtered()
 
-	fmt.Fprintf(w, "%s %s\r\n", prompt, s.filter)
+	if s.filter == "" {
+		fmt.Fprintf(w, "%s %sType to filter...%s\r\n", prompt, ansiGray, ansiReset)
+	} else {
+		fmt.Fprintf(w, "%s %s\r\n", prompt, s.filter)
+	}
 	lineCount := 1
 
 	if len(filtered) == 0 {

cmd/tui/selector.go

@@ -0,0 +1,471 @@
+package tui
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+
+	tea "github.com/charmbracelet/bubbletea"
+	"github.com/charmbracelet/lipgloss"
+)
+
+var (
+	selectorTitleStyle = lipgloss.NewStyle().
+				Bold(true).
+				Foreground(lipgloss.Color("147"))
+
+	selectorItemStyle = lipgloss.NewStyle().
+				PaddingLeft(4)
+
+	selectorSelectedItemStyle = lipgloss.NewStyle().
+					PaddingLeft(2).
+					Foreground(lipgloss.Color("147")).
+					Bold(true)
+
+	selectorDescStyle = lipgloss.NewStyle().
+				Foreground(lipgloss.Color("241"))
+
+	selectorFilterStyle = lipgloss.NewStyle().
+				Foreground(lipgloss.Color("241")).
+				Italic(true)
+
+	selectorInputStyle = lipgloss.NewStyle().
+				Foreground(lipgloss.Color("252"))
+
+	selectorCheckboxStyle = lipgloss.NewStyle().
+				Foreground(lipgloss.Color("241"))
+
+	selectorCheckboxCheckedStyle = lipgloss.NewStyle().
+					Foreground(lipgloss.Color("147"))
+
+	selectorDefaultTagStyle = lipgloss.NewStyle().
+				Foreground(lipgloss.Color("241")).
+				Italic(true)
+
+	selectorHelpStyle = lipgloss.NewStyle().
+				Foreground(lipgloss.Color("241"))
+
+	selectorMoreStyle = lipgloss.NewStyle().
+				PaddingLeft(4).
+				Foreground(lipgloss.Color("241")).
+				Italic(true)
+)
+
+const maxSelectorItems = 10
+
+// ErrCancelled is returned when the user cancels the selection.
+var ErrCancelled = errors.New("cancelled")
+
+// SelectItem represents an item that can be selected.
+type SelectItem struct {
+	Name        string
+	Description string
+}
+
+// selectorModel is the bubbletea model for single selection.
+type selectorModel struct {
+	title        string
+	items        []SelectItem
+	filter       string
+	cursor       int
+	scrollOffset int
+	selected     string
+	cancelled    bool
+}
+
+func (m selectorModel) filteredItems() []SelectItem {
+	if m.filter == "" {
+		return m.items
+	}
+	filterLower := strings.ToLower(m.filter)
+	var result []SelectItem
+	for _, item := range m.items {
+		if strings.Contains(strings.ToLower(item.Name), filterLower) {
+			result = append(result, item)
+		}
+	}
+	return result
+}
+
+func (m selectorModel) Init() tea.Cmd {
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (m selectorModel) Update(msg tea.Msg) (tea.Model, tea.Cmd) {
+	switch msg := msg.(type) {
+	case tea.KeyMsg:
+		filtered := m.filteredItems()
+
+		switch msg.Type {
+		case tea.KeyCtrlC, tea.KeyEsc:
+			m.cancelled = true
+			return m, tea.Quit
+
+		case tea.KeyEnter:
+			if len(filtered) > 0 && m.cursor < len(filtered) {
+				m.selected = filtered[m.cursor].Name
+			}
+			return m, tea.Quit
+
+		case tea.KeyUp:
+			if m.cursor > 0 {
+				m.cursor--
+				if m.cursor < m.scrollOffset {
+					m.scrollOffset = m.cursor
+				}
+			}
+
+		case tea.KeyDown:
+			if m.cursor < len(filtered)-1 {
+				m.cursor++
+				if m.cursor >= m.scrollOffset+maxSelectorItems {
+					m.scrollOffset = m.cursor - maxSelectorItems + 1
+				}
+			}
+
+		case tea.KeyBackspace:
+			if len(m.filter) > 0 {
+				m.filter = m.filter[:len(m.filter)-1]
+				m.cursor = 0
+				m.scrollOffset = 0
+			}
+
+		case tea.KeyRunes:
+			m.filter += string(msg.Runes)
+			m.cursor = 0
+			m.scrollOffset = 0
+		}
+	}
+
+	return m, nil
+}
+
+func (m selectorModel) View() string {
+	// Clear screen when exiting
+	if m.cancelled || m.selected != "" {
+		return ""
+	}
+
+	var s strings.Builder
+
+	// Title with filter
+	s.WriteString(selectorTitleStyle.Render(m.title))
+	s.WriteString(" ")
+	if m.filter == "" {
+		s.WriteString(selectorFilterStyle.Render("Type to filter..."))
+	} else {
+		s.WriteString(selectorInputStyle.Render(m.filter))
+	}
+	s.WriteString("\n\n")
+
+	filtered := m.filteredItems()
+
+	if len(filtered) == 0 {
+		s.WriteString(selectorItemStyle.Render(selectorDescStyle.Render("(no matches)")))
+		s.WriteString("\n")
+	} else {
+		displayCount := min(len(filtered), maxSelectorItems)
+
+		for i := range displayCount {
+			idx := m.scrollOffset + i
+			if idx >= len(filtered) {
+				break
+			}
+			item := filtered[idx]
+
+			if idx == m.cursor {
+				s.WriteString(selectorSelectedItemStyle.Render("▸ " + item.Name))
+			} else {
+				s.WriteString(selectorItemStyle.Render(item.Name))
+			}
+
+			if item.Description != "" {
+				s.WriteString(" ")
+				s.WriteString(selectorDescStyle.Render("- " + item.Description))
+			}
+			s.WriteString("\n")
+		}
+
+		if remaining := len(filtered) - m.scrollOffset - displayCount; remaining > 0 {
+			s.WriteString(selectorMoreStyle.Render(fmt.Sprintf("... and %d more", remaining)))
+			s.WriteString("\n")
+		}
+	}
+
+	s.WriteString("\n")
+	s.WriteString(selectorHelpStyle.Render("↑/↓ navigate • enter select • esc cancel"))
+
+	return s.String()
+}
+
+// SelectSingle prompts the user to select a single item from a list.
+func SelectSingle(title string, items []SelectItem) (string, error) {
+	if len(items) == 0 {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("no items to select from")
+	}
+
+	m := selectorModel{
+		title: title,
+		items: items,
+	}
+
+	p := tea.NewProgram(m)
+	finalModel, err := p.Run()
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("error running selector: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	fm := finalModel.(selectorModel)
+	if fm.cancelled {
+		return "", ErrCancelled
+	}
+
+	return fm.selected, nil
+}
+
+// multiSelectorModel is the bubbletea model for multi selection.
+type multiSelectorModel struct {
+	title        string
+	items        []SelectItem
+	itemIndex    map[string]int
+	filter       string
+	cursor       int
+	scrollOffset int
+	checked      map[int]bool
+	checkOrder   []int
+	cancelled    bool
+	confirmed    bool
+}
+
+func newMultiSelectorModel(title string, items []SelectItem, preChecked []string) multiSelectorModel {
+	m := multiSelectorModel{
+		title:     title,
+		items:     items,
+		itemIndex: make(map[string]int, len(items)),
+		checked:   make(map[int]bool),
+	}
+
+	for i, item := range items {
+		m.itemIndex[item.Name] = i
+	}
+
+	for _, name := range preChecked {
+		if idx, ok := m.itemIndex[name]; ok {
+			m.checked[idx] = true
+			m.checkOrder = append(m.checkOrder, idx)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return m
+}
+
+func (m multiSelectorModel) filteredItems() []SelectItem {
+	if m.filter == "" {
+		return m.items
+	}
+	filterLower := strings.ToLower(m.filter)
+	var result []SelectItem
+	for _, item := range m.items {
+		if strings.Contains(strings.ToLower(item.Name), filterLower) {
+			result = append(result, item)
+		}
+	}
+	return result
+}
+
+func (m *multiSelectorModel) toggleItem() {
+	filtered := m.filteredItems()
+	if len(filtered) == 0 || m.cursor >= len(filtered) {
+		return
+	}
+
+	item := filtered[m.cursor]
+	origIdx := m.itemIndex[item.Name]
+
+	if m.checked[origIdx] {
+		delete(m.checked, origIdx)
+		for i, idx := range m.checkOrder {
+			if idx == origIdx {
+				m.checkOrder = append(m.checkOrder[:i], m.checkOrder[i+1:]...)
+				break
+			}
+		}
+	} else {
+		m.checked[origIdx] = true
+		m.checkOrder = append(m.checkOrder, origIdx)
+	}
+}
+
+func (m multiSelectorModel) selectedCount() int {
+	return len(m.checkOrder)
+}
+
+func (m multiSelectorModel) Init() tea.Cmd {
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (m multiSelectorModel) Update(msg tea.Msg) (tea.Model, tea.Cmd) {
+	switch msg := msg.(type) {
+	case tea.KeyMsg:
+		filtered := m.filteredItems()
+
+		switch msg.Type {
+		case tea.KeyCtrlC, tea.KeyEsc:
+			m.cancelled = true
+			return m, tea.Quit
+
+		case tea.KeyEnter:
+			// Enter confirms if at least one item is selected
+			if len(m.checkOrder) > 0 {
+				m.confirmed = true
+				return m, tea.Quit
+			}
+
+		case tea.KeySpace:
+			// Space always toggles selection
+			m.toggleItem()
+
+		case tea.KeyUp:
+			if m.cursor > 0 {
+				m.cursor--
+				if m.cursor < m.scrollOffset {
+					m.scrollOffset = m.cursor
+				}
+			}
+
+		case tea.KeyDown:
+			if m.cursor < len(filtered)-1 {
+				m.cursor++
+				if m.cursor >= m.scrollOffset+maxSelectorItems {
+					m.scrollOffset = m.cursor - maxSelectorItems + 1
+				}
+			}
+
+		case tea.KeyBackspace:
+			if len(m.filter) > 0 {
+				m.filter = m.filter[:len(m.filter)-1]
+				m.cursor = 0
+				m.scrollOffset = 0
+			}
+
+		case tea.KeyRunes:
+			m.filter += string(msg.Runes)
+			m.cursor = 0
+			m.scrollOffset = 0
+		}
+	}
+
+	return m, nil
+}
+
+func (m multiSelectorModel) View() string {
+	// Clear screen when exiting
+	if m.cancelled || m.confirmed {
+		return ""
+	}
+
+	var s strings.Builder
+
+	// Title with filter
+	s.WriteString(selectorTitleStyle.Render(m.title))
+	s.WriteString(" ")
+	if m.filter == "" {
+		s.WriteString(selectorFilterStyle.Render("Type to filter..."))
+	} else {
+		s.WriteString(selectorInputStyle.Render(m.filter))
+	}
+	s.WriteString("\n\n")
+
+	filtered := m.filteredItems()
+
+	if len(filtered) == 0 {
+		s.WriteString(selectorItemStyle.Render(selectorDescStyle.Render("(no matches)")))
+		s.WriteString("\n")
+	} else {
+		displayCount := min(len(filtered), maxSelectorItems)
+
+		for i := range displayCount {
+			idx := m.scrollOffset + i
+			if idx >= len(filtered) {
+				break
+			}
+			item := filtered[idx]
+			origIdx := m.itemIndex[item.Name]
+
+			// Checkbox
+			var checkbox string
+			if m.checked[origIdx] {
+				checkbox = selectorCheckboxCheckedStyle.Render("[x]")
+			} else {
+				checkbox = selectorCheckboxStyle.Render("[ ]")
+			}
+
+			// Cursor and name
+			var line string
+			if idx == m.cursor {
+				line = selectorSelectedItemStyle.Render("▸ ") + checkbox + " " + selectorSelectedItemStyle.Render(item.Name)
+			} else {
+				line = "  " + checkbox + " " + item.Name
+			}
+
+			// Default tag
+			if len(m.checkOrder) > 0 && m.checkOrder[0] == origIdx {
+				line += " " + selectorDefaultTagStyle.Render("(default)")
+			}
+
+			s.WriteString(line)
+			s.WriteString("\n")
+		}
+
+		if remaining := len(filtered) - m.scrollOffset - displayCount; remaining > 0 {
+			s.WriteString(selectorMoreStyle.Render(fmt.Sprintf("... and %d more", remaining)))
+			s.WriteString("\n")
+		}
+	}
+
+	s.WriteString("\n")
+
+	// Status line
+	count := m.selectedCount()
+	if count == 0 {
+		s.WriteString(selectorDescStyle.Render("  Select at least one model."))
+	} else {
+		s.WriteString(selectorDescStyle.Render(fmt.Sprintf("  %d selected - press enter to continue", count)))
+	}
+	s.WriteString("\n\n")
+
+	s.WriteString(selectorHelpStyle.Render("↑/↓ navigate • space toggle • enter confirm • esc cancel"))
+
+	return s.String()
+}
+
+// SelectMultiple prompts the user to select multiple items from a list.
+func SelectMultiple(title string, items []SelectItem, preChecked []string) ([]string, error) {
+	if len(items) == 0 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("no items to select from")
+	}
+
+	m := newMultiSelectorModel(title, items, preChecked)
+
+	p := tea.NewProgram(m)
+	finalModel, err := p.Run()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("error running selector: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	fm := finalModel.(multiSelectorModel)
+	if fm.cancelled {
+		return nil, ErrCancelled
+	}
+
+	if !fm.confirmed {
+		return nil, ErrCancelled
+	}
+
+	var result []string
+	for _, idx := range fm.checkOrder {
+		result = append(result, fm.items[idx].Name)
+	}
+
+	return result, nil
+}

cmd/tui/tui.go

@@ -0,0 +1,526 @@
+package tui
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	tea "github.com/charmbracelet/bubbletea"
+	"github.com/charmbracelet/lipgloss"
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/api"
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/cmd/config"
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/version"
+)
+
+const (
+	logoNormal = ` ▆▁▂▃▂▁▆
+▟███████▙
+█▙▛▄▄▄▜▟█
+▟█▙▀ ▀▟█▙
+█████████
+▟███████▙
+▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀`
+
+	logoBlink = ` ▆▁▂▃▂▁▆
+▟███████▙
+██▛▄▄▄▜██
+▟█▙▀ ▀▟█▙
+█████████
+▟███████▙
+▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀`
+
+	blinkInterval = 15 * time.Second
+	blinkDuration = 250 * time.Millisecond
+)
+
+type (
+	blinkMsg   struct{}
+	unblinkMsg struct{}
+)
+
+var (
+	logoStyle = lipgloss.NewStyle().
+			Foreground(lipgloss.Color("255")).
+			Background(lipgloss.Color("0"))
+
+	titleStyle = lipgloss.NewStyle().
+			Bold(true).
+			MarginBottom(1)
+
+	itemStyle = lipgloss.NewStyle().
+			PaddingLeft(2)
+
+	selectedStyle = lipgloss.NewStyle().
+			PaddingLeft(2).
+			Foreground(lipgloss.Color("147")).
+			Bold(true)
+
+	greyedStyle = lipgloss.NewStyle().
+			PaddingLeft(2).
+			Foreground(lipgloss.Color("241"))
+
+	greyedSelectedStyle = lipgloss.NewStyle().
+				PaddingLeft(2).
+				Foreground(lipgloss.Color("243"))
+
+	descStyle = lipgloss.NewStyle().
+			PaddingLeft(4).
+			Foreground(lipgloss.Color("241"))
+
+	modelStyle = lipgloss.NewStyle().
+			Foreground(lipgloss.Color("245"))
+
+	notInstalledStyle = lipgloss.NewStyle().
+				Foreground(lipgloss.Color("241")).
+				Italic(true)
+
+	// Dialog styles
+	dialogBoxStyle = lipgloss.NewStyle().
+			Border(lipgloss.RoundedBorder()).
+			BorderForeground(lipgloss.Color("147")).
+			Padding(1, 2).
+			MarginTop(1)
+
+	dialogTitleStyle = lipgloss.NewStyle().
+				Bold(true).
+				MarginBottom(1)
+
+	buttonStyle = lipgloss.NewStyle().
+			Padding(0, 2).
+			Background(lipgloss.Color("238")).
+			Foreground(lipgloss.Color("252"))
+
+	activeButtonStyle = lipgloss.NewStyle().
+				Padding(0, 2).
+				Background(lipgloss.Color("147")).
+				Foreground(lipgloss.Color("235")).
+				Bold(true)
+)
+
+type menuItem struct {
+	title       string
+	description string
+	integration string // integration name for loading model config, empty if not an integration
+	isRunModel  bool   // true for the "Run a model" option
+	isOthers    bool   // true for the "Others..." toggle item
+}
+
+var mainMenuItems = []menuItem{
+	{
+		title:       "Run a model",
+		description: "Start an interactive chat with a local model",
+		isRunModel:  true,
+	},
+	{
+		title:       "Launch Claude Code",
+		description: "Open Claude Code AI assistant",
+		integration: "claude",
+	},
+	{
+		title:       "Launch Open Claw",
+		description: "Open the Open Claw integration",
+		integration: "openclaw",
+	},
+}
+
+var othersMenuItem = menuItem{
+	title:       "Others...",
+	description: "Show additional integrations",
+	isOthers:    true,
+}
+
+// getOtherIntegrations returns the list of other integrations, filtering out
+// Codex if it's not installed (since it requires npm install).
+func getOtherIntegrations() []menuItem {
+	items := []menuItem{
+		{
+			title:       "Launch Droid",
+			description: "Open Droid integration",
+			integration: "droid",
+		},
+		{
+			title:       "Launch Open Code",
+			description: "Open Open Code integration",
+			integration: "opencode",
+		},
+	}
+
+	// Only show Codex if it's already installed
+	if config.IsIntegrationInstalled("codex") {
+		items = append([]menuItem{{
+			title:       "Launch Codex",
+			description: "Open Codex CLI",
+			integration: "codex",
+		}}, items...)
+	}
+
+	return items
+}
+
+type model struct {
+	items           []menuItem
+	cursor          int
+	quitting        bool
+	selected        bool            // true if user made a selection (enter/space)
+	changeModel     bool            // true if user pressed 'm' to change model
+	showDialog      bool            // true if showing install confirmation dialog
+	dialogCursor    int             // 0 = Cancel, 1 = OK
+	installPending  string          // integration name pending install
+	showOthers      bool            // true if "Others..." is expanded
+	availableModels map[string]bool // cache of available model names
+	blinking        bool            // true when showing blink logo
+	err             error
+}
+
+// modelExists checks if a model exists in the cached available models.
+func (m *model) modelExists(name string) bool {
+	if m.availableModels == nil || name == "" {
+		return false
+	}
+	if m.availableModels[name] {
+		return true
+	}
+	// Check for prefix match (e.g., "llama2" matches "llama2:latest")
+	for modelName := range m.availableModels {
+		if strings.HasPrefix(modelName, name+":") {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+// loadAvailableModels fetches and caches the list of available models.
+func (m *model) loadAvailableModels() {
+	m.availableModels = make(map[string]bool)
+	client, err := api.ClientFromEnvironment()
+	if err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+	models, err := client.List(context.Background())
+	if err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+	for _, mdl := range models.Models {
+		m.availableModels[mdl.Name] = true
+	}
+}
+
+func (m *model) buildItems() {
+	others := getOtherIntegrations()
+	m.items = make([]menuItem, 0, len(mainMenuItems)+1+len(others))
+	m.items = append(m.items, mainMenuItems...)
+
+	if m.showOthers {
+		// Change "Others..." to "Hide others..."
+		hideItem := menuItem{
+			title:       "Hide others...",
+			description: "Hide additional integrations",
+			isOthers:    true,
+		}
+		m.items = append(m.items, hideItem)
+		m.items = append(m.items, others...)
+	} else {
+		m.items = append(m.items, othersMenuItem)
+	}
+}
+
+func initialModel() model {
+	m := model{
+		cursor: 0,
+	}
+	m.loadAvailableModels()
+	m.buildItems()
+	return m
+}
+
+func (m model) Init() tea.Cmd {
+	return tea.Tick(blinkInterval, func(t time.Time) tea.Msg {
+		return blinkMsg{}
+	})
+}
+
+func (m model) Update(msg tea.Msg) (tea.Model, tea.Cmd) {
+	switch msg := msg.(type) {
+	case blinkMsg:
+		m.blinking = true
+		return m, tea.Tick(blinkDuration, func(t time.Time) tea.Msg {
+			return unblinkMsg{}
+		})
+
+	case unblinkMsg:
+		m.blinking = false
+		return m, tea.Tick(blinkInterval, func(t time.Time) tea.Msg {
+			return blinkMsg{}
+		})
+
+	case tea.KeyMsg:
+		// Handle dialog input
+		if m.showDialog {
+			switch msg.String() {
+			case "ctrl+c", "esc":
+				// Close dialog and return to menu
+				m.showDialog = false
+				m.installPending = ""
+				m.dialogCursor = 0
+				return m, nil
+			case "left", "h":
+				m.dialogCursor = 0
+				return m, nil
+			case "right", "l":
+				m.dialogCursor = 1
+				return m, nil
+			case "tab":
+				m.dialogCursor = (m.dialogCursor + 1) % 2
+				return m, nil
+			case "enter", " ":
+				if m.dialogCursor == 1 {
+					// OK selected - proceed with install
+					m.selected = true
+					m.quitting = true
+					return m, tea.Quit
+				}
+				// Cancel selected - close dialog and return to menu
+				m.showDialog = false
+				m.installPending = ""
+				m.dialogCursor = 0
+				return m, nil
+			}
+			// Unknown key in dialog - ignore
+			return m, nil
+		}
+
+		// Handle main menu input
+		switch msg.String() {
+		case "ctrl+c", "q", "esc":
+			m.quitting = true
+			return m, tea.Quit
+
+		case "up", "k":
+			if m.cursor > 0 {
+				m.cursor--
+			}
+
+		case "down", "j":
+			if m.cursor < len(m.items)-1 {
+				m.cursor++
+			}
+
+		case "enter", " ":
+			item := m.items[m.cursor]
+
+			// Handle "Others..." toggle
+			if item.isOthers {
+				m.showOthers = !m.showOthers
+				m.buildItems()
+				// Keep cursor on the Others/Hide item
+				if m.cursor >= len(m.items) {
+					m.cursor = len(m.items) - 1
+				}
+				return m, nil
+			}
+
+			// Check if integration is installed
+			if item.integration != "" && !config.IsIntegrationInstalled(item.integration) {
+				// Only show install dialog if we can install it
+				if config.CanInstallIntegration(item.integration) {
+					m.showDialog = true
+					m.dialogCursor = 1 // Default to OK
+					m.installPending = item.integration
+					return m, nil
+				}
+				// Can't install - just try to launch (will show error with install instructions)
+			}
+			m.selected = true
+			m.quitting = true
+			return m, tea.Quit
+
+		case "m":
+			// Allow model change for integrations and run model
+			item := m.items[m.cursor]
+			if item.integration != "" || item.isRunModel {
+				// For integrations, check if installed first
+				if item.integration != "" && !config.IsIntegrationInstalled(item.integration) {
+					// Only show install dialog if we can install it
+					if config.CanInstallIntegration(item.integration) {
+						m.showDialog = true
+						m.dialogCursor = 1
+						m.installPending = item.integration
+						return m, nil
+					}
+					// Can't install - just try to launch (will show error with install instructions)
+				}
+				m.changeModel = true
+				m.quitting = true
+				return m, tea.Quit
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return m, nil
+}
+
+func (m model) View() string {
+	if m.quitting {
+		return ""
+	}
+
+	logo := logoNormal
+	if m.blinking {
+		logo = logoBlink
+	}
+
+	versionText := "\n\n  Ollama v" + version.Version
+
+	logoRendered := logoStyle.Render(logo)
+	logoBlock := lipgloss.NewStyle().Padding(0, 1).Background(lipgloss.Color("0")).Render(logoRendered)
+	versionBlock := titleStyle.Render(versionText)
+	header := lipgloss.JoinHorizontal(lipgloss.Top, logoBlock, versionBlock)
+
+	s := header + "\n\n"
+
+	for i, item := range m.items {
+		cursor := "  "
+		style := itemStyle
+		isInstalled := true
+
+		if item.integration != "" {
+			isInstalled = config.IsIntegrationInstalled(item.integration)
+		}
+
+		if m.cursor == i {
+			cursor = "▸ "
+			if isInstalled {
+				style = selectedStyle
+			} else {
+				style = greyedSelectedStyle
+			}
+		} else if !isInstalled && item.integration != "" {
+			style = greyedStyle
+		}
+
+		title := item.title
+		if item.integration != "" {
+			if !isInstalled {
+				title += " " + notInstalledStyle.Render("(not installed)")
+			} else if mdl := config.IntegrationModel(item.integration); mdl != "" && m.modelExists(mdl) {
+				title += " " + modelStyle.Render("("+mdl+")")
+			}
+		} else if item.isRunModel {
+			if mdl := config.LastModel(); mdl != "" && m.modelExists(mdl) {
+				title += " " + modelStyle.Render("("+mdl+")")
+			}
+		}
+
+		s += style.Render(cursor+title) + "\n"
+		s += descStyle.Render(item.description) + "\n\n"
+	}
+
+	s += "\n" + lipgloss.NewStyle().Foreground(lipgloss.Color("241")).Render("↑/↓ navigate • enter select • m change model • esc quit")
+
+	// Show dialog if active
+	if m.showDialog {
+		s += "\n\n"
+
+		integrationName := "this integration"
+		switch m.installPending {
+		case "claude":
+			integrationName = "Claude Code"
+		case "openclaw":
+			integrationName = "Open Claw"
+		case "codex":
+			integrationName = "Codex"
+		case "droid":
+			integrationName = "Droid"
+		case "opencode":
+			integrationName = "Open Code"
+		}
+
+		dialogContent := dialogTitleStyle.Render(fmt.Sprintf("Install %s?", integrationName)) + "\n\n"
+		dialogContent += fmt.Sprintf("%s is not installed. Would you like to install it now?\n\n", integrationName)
+
+		cancelBtn := buttonStyle.Render("Cancel")
+		okBtn := buttonStyle.Render("  OK  ")
+		if m.dialogCursor == 0 {
+			cancelBtn = activeButtonStyle.Render("Cancel")
+		} else {
+			okBtn = activeButtonStyle.Render("  OK  ")
+		}
+
+		dialogContent += cancelBtn + "  " + okBtn
+
+		s += dialogBoxStyle.Render(dialogContent)
+	}
+
+	return s
+}
+
+// Selection represents what the user selected
+type Selection int
+
+const (
+	SelectionNone Selection = iota
+	SelectionRunModel
+	SelectionChangeRunModel
+	SelectionIntegration       // Generic integration selection
+	SelectionChangeIntegration // Generic change model for integration
+	SelectionInstallIntegration
+)
+
+// Result contains the selection and any associated data
+type Result struct {
+	Selection   Selection
+	Integration string // integration name if applicable
+}
+
+// Run starts the TUI and returns the user's selection
+func Run() (Result, error) {
+	m := initialModel()
+	p := tea.NewProgram(m)
+
+	finalModel, err := p.Run()
+	if err != nil {
+		return Result{Selection: SelectionNone}, fmt.Errorf("error running TUI: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	fm := finalModel.(model)
+	if fm.err != nil {
+		return Result{Selection: SelectionNone}, fm.err
+	}
+
+	// User quit without selecting
+	if !fm.selected && !fm.changeModel {
+		return Result{Selection: SelectionNone}, nil
+	}
+
+	// Handle install request
+	if fm.installPending != "" {
+		return Result{
+			Selection:   SelectionInstallIntegration,
+			Integration: fm.installPending,
+		}, nil
+	}
+
+	item := fm.items[fm.cursor]
+
+	// Handle model change request
+	if fm.changeModel {
+		if item.isRunModel {
+			return Result{Selection: SelectionChangeRunModel}, nil
+		}
+		return Result{
+			Selection:   SelectionChangeIntegration,
+			Integration: item.integration,
+		}, nil
+	}
+
+	// Handle selection
+	if item.isRunModel {
+		return Result{Selection: SelectionRunModel}, nil
+	}
+
+	return Result{
+		Selection:   SelectionIntegration,
+		Integration: item.integration,
+	}, nil
+}

convert/convert.go

@@ -313,6 +313,8 @@ func LoadModelMetadata(fsys fs.FS) (ModelKV, *Tokenizer, error) {
 		conv = &deepseek2Model{}
 	case "Glm4MoeLiteForCausalLM":
 		conv = &glm4MoeLiteModel{}
+	case "GlmOcrForConditionalGeneration":
+		conv = &glmOcrModel{}
 	case "Lfm2ForCausalLM":
 		conv = &lfm2Model{}
 	default:

convert/convert_glmocr.go

@@ -0,0 +1,455 @@
+package convert
+
+import (
+	"cmp"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"io/fs"
+	"log/slog"
+	"regexp"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/fs/ggml"
+	"github.com/pdevine/tensor"
+	"github.com/pdevine/tensor/native"
+)
+
+// normalToNeoXRepacker creates a repacker that permutes Q/K weights from interleaved (LLaMA)
+// to NeoX ordering for compatibility with GGML's M-RoPE kernel.
+//
+// For weights: reshape [out, in] -> [n_heads, head_dim, in], permute rotary dims, reshape back
+// For biases: reshape [out] -> [n_heads, head_dim], permute rotary dims, reshape back
+func normalToNeoXRepacker(nHeads, headDim int, partialRotaryFactor float32) func(string, []float32, []uint64) ([]float32, error) {
+	return func(_ string, data []float32, shape []uint64) ([]float32, error) {
+		rotaryDim := int(float32(headDim) * partialRotaryFactor)
+		if rotaryDim%2 != 0 {
+			rotaryDim = (rotaryDim / 2) * 2 // Round down to even
+		}
+
+		// Handle 1D (bias) or 2D (weight) tensors
+		is1D := len(shape) == 1
+		var inFeatures int
+		if is1D {
+			inFeatures = 1
+		} else {
+			inFeatures = int(shape[1])
+		}
+		outFeatures := int(shape[0])
+		nEffectiveHeads := outFeatures / headDim
+
+		if nEffectiveHeads != nHeads {
+			slog.Warn("normalToNeoX: unexpected head count", "effective", nEffectiveHeads, "expected", nHeads)
+		}
+
+		// Reshape to [n_heads, head_dim, in_features]
+		reshaped := make([]float32, len(data))
+		copy(reshaped, data)
+
+		// Permute the rotary dimensions: even indices first, then odd
+		// For each head, reorder [0,1,2,3,4,5...] to [0,2,4...,1,3,5...]
+		result := make([]float32, len(data))
+		halfRotary := rotaryDim / 2
+
+		for h := range nEffectiveHeads {
+			for f := range inFeatures {
+				for i := range halfRotary {
+					// Even dim (0, 2, 4, ...) -> position i
+					srcIdx := h*headDim*inFeatures + (2*i)*inFeatures + f
+					dstIdx := h*headDim*inFeatures + i*inFeatures + f
+					result[dstIdx] = reshaped[srcIdx]
+
+					// Odd dim (1, 3, 5, ...) -> position halfRotary + i
+					srcIdx = h*headDim*inFeatures + (2*i+1)*inFeatures + f
+					dstIdx = h*headDim*inFeatures + (halfRotary+i)*inFeatures + f
+					result[dstIdx] = reshaped[srcIdx]
+				}
+
+				// Non-rotary part: copy as-is
+				for i := rotaryDim; i < headDim; i++ {
+					srcIdx := h*headDim*inFeatures + i*inFeatures + f
+					result[srcIdx] = reshaped[srcIdx]
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		return result, nil
+	}
+}
+
+type glmOcrModel struct {
+	ModelParameters
+
+	TextConfig struct {
+		HiddenSize          uint32  `json:"hidden_size"`
+		IntermediateSize    uint32  `json:"intermediate_size"`
+		NumHiddenLayers     uint32  `json:"num_hidden_layers"`
+		NumAttentionHeads   uint32  `json:"num_attention_heads"`
+		NumKeyValueHeads    uint32  `json:"num_key_value_heads"`
+		HeadDim             uint32  `json:"head_dim"`
+		MaxPositionEmbed    uint32  `json:"max_position_embeddings"`
+		RMSNormEps          float32 `json:"rms_norm_eps"`
+		PartialRotaryFactor float32 `json:"partial_rotary_factor"`
+		RopeParameters      struct {
+			RopeType            string  `json:"rope_type"`
+			MRopeSection        []int32 `json:"mrope_section"`
+			RopeTheta           float32 `json:"rope_theta"`
+			PartialRotaryFactor float32 `json:"partial_rotary_factor"`
+		} `json:"rope_parameters"`
+	} `json:"text_config"`
+
+	VisionConfig struct {
+		HiddenSize        uint32  `json:"hidden_size"`
+		IntermediateSize  uint32  `json:"intermediate_size"`
+		Depth             uint32  `json:"depth"`
+		NumHeads          uint32  `json:"num_heads"`
+		ImageSize         uint32  `json:"image_size"`
+		PatchSize         uint32  `json:"patch_size"`
+		OutHiddenSize     uint32  `json:"out_hidden_size"`
+		RMSNormEps        float32 `json:"rms_norm_eps"`
+		SpatialMergeSize  uint32  `json:"spatial_merge_size"`
+		TemporalPatchSize uint32  `json:"temporal_patch_size"`
+	} `json:"vision_config"`
+
+	ImageStartTokenID uint32 `json:"image_start_token_id"`
+	ImageEndTokenID   uint32 `json:"image_end_token_id"`
+	VideoStartTokenID uint32 `json:"video_start_token_id"`
+	VideoEndTokenID   uint32 `json:"video_end_token_id"`
+	ImageTokenID      uint32 `json:"image_token_id"`
+	VideoTokenID      uint32 `json:"video_token_id"`
+
+	// Preprocessor config (preprocessor_config.json)
+	Preprocessor struct {
+		Size struct {
+			ShortestEdge uint32 `json:"shortest_edge"`
+			LongestEdge  uint32 `json:"longest_edge"`
+		} `json:"size"`
+		PatchSize         uint32    `json:"patch_size"`
+		TemporalPatchSize uint32    `json:"temporal_patch_size"`
+		MergeSize         uint32    `json:"merge_size"`
+		ImageMean         []float32 `json:"image_mean"`
+		ImageStd          []float32 `json:"image_std"`
+	} `json:"-"`
+}
+
+var _ ModelConverter = (*glmOcrModel)(nil)
+
+func (m *glmOcrModel) parseMore(fsys fs.FS) error {
+	bts, err := fs.ReadFile(fsys, "preprocessor_config.json")
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return json.Unmarshal(bts, &m.Preprocessor)
+}
+
+func (m *glmOcrModel) KV(t *Tokenizer) KV {
+	kv := m.ModelParameters.KV(t)
+	kv["general.architecture"] = "glmocr"
+
+	// Text model parameters
+	kv["glmocr.block_count"] = cmp.Or(m.TextConfig.NumHiddenLayers, 16)
+	kv["glmocr.embedding_length"] = cmp.Or(m.TextConfig.HiddenSize, 1536)
+	kv["glmocr.attention.head_count"] = cmp.Or(m.TextConfig.NumAttentionHeads, 16)
+	kv["glmocr.attention.head_count_kv"] = cmp.Or(m.TextConfig.NumKeyValueHeads, 8)
+	headDim := cmp.Or(m.TextConfig.HeadDim, m.TextConfig.HiddenSize/m.TextConfig.NumAttentionHeads)
+	kv["glmocr.attention.key_length"] = headDim
+	kv["glmocr.attention.value_length"] = headDim
+	kv["glmocr.feed_forward_length"] = cmp.Or(m.TextConfig.IntermediateSize, 4608)
+	kv["glmocr.attention.layer_norm_rms_epsilon"] = cmp.Or(m.TextConfig.RMSNormEps, 1e-5)
+	kv["glmocr.context_length"] = cmp.Or(m.TextConfig.MaxPositionEmbed, 131072)
+	kv["glmocr.rope.freq_base"] = cmp.Or(m.TextConfig.RopeParameters.RopeTheta, float32(10000))
+	kv["glmocr.rope.partial_rotary_factor"] = cmp.Or(m.TextConfig.RopeParameters.PartialRotaryFactor, m.TextConfig.PartialRotaryFactor, float32(1.0))
+	if len(m.TextConfig.RopeParameters.MRopeSection) > 0 {
+		kv["glmocr.rope.mrope_section"] = m.TextConfig.RopeParameters.MRopeSection
+	}
+
+	// Vision model parameters
+	kv["glmocr.vision.block_count"] = cmp.Or(m.VisionConfig.Depth, 24)
+	kv["glmocr.vision.embedding_length"] = cmp.Or(m.VisionConfig.HiddenSize, 1024)
+	kv["glmocr.vision.attention.head_count"] = cmp.Or(m.VisionConfig.NumHeads, 16)
+	kv["glmocr.vision.image_size"] = cmp.Or(m.VisionConfig.ImageSize, 336)
+	kv["glmocr.vision.patch_size"] = cmp.Or(m.VisionConfig.PatchSize, m.Preprocessor.PatchSize, 14)
+	kv["glmocr.vision.spatial_merge_size"] = cmp.Or(m.VisionConfig.SpatialMergeSize, m.Preprocessor.MergeSize, 2)
+	kv["glmocr.vision.temporal_patch_size"] = cmp.Or(m.VisionConfig.TemporalPatchSize, m.Preprocessor.TemporalPatchSize, 2)
+	kv["glmocr.vision.out_hidden_size"] = cmp.Or(m.VisionConfig.OutHiddenSize, 1536)
+	kv["glmocr.vision.intermediate_size"] = cmp.Or(m.VisionConfig.IntermediateSize, 4096)
+	kv["glmocr.vision.attention.layer_norm_rms_epsilon"] = cmp.Or(m.VisionConfig.RMSNormEps, 1e-5)
+
+	// Preprocessor-derived image settings (min/max pixels and normalization)
+	// Note: fs.Config.keyValue() auto-prepends architecture prefix, so use full key
+	if m.Preprocessor.Size.ShortestEdge > 0 {
+		kv["glmocr.vision.min_pixels"] = m.Preprocessor.Size.ShortestEdge
+	}
+	if m.Preprocessor.Size.LongestEdge > 0 {
+		kv["glmocr.vision.max_pixels"] = m.Preprocessor.Size.LongestEdge
+	}
+	if len(m.Preprocessor.ImageMean) == 3 {
+		kv["glmocr.vision.image_mean"] = m.Preprocessor.ImageMean
+	}
+	if len(m.Preprocessor.ImageStd) == 3 {
+		kv["glmocr.vision.image_std"] = m.Preprocessor.ImageStd
+	}
+
+	// Special tokens
+	kv["glmocr.image_token_id"] = m.ImageTokenID
+	kv["glmocr.image_start_token_id"] = m.ImageStartTokenID
+	kv["glmocr.image_end_token_id"] = m.ImageEndTokenID
+	kv["glmocr.video_token_id"] = m.VideoTokenID
+	kv["glmocr.video_start_token_id"] = m.VideoStartTokenID
+	kv["glmocr.video_end_token_id"] = m.VideoEndTokenID
+
+	return kv
+}
+
+func (m *glmOcrModel) Tensors(ts []Tensor) []*ggml.Tensor {
+	var out []*ggml.Tensor
+
+	// Skip layers >= num_hidden_layers (Multi-Token Prediction layers not needed for basic inference)
+	numLayers := int(cmp.Or(m.TextConfig.NumHiddenLayers, 16))
+	skipLayer := func(name string) bool {
+		// Tensor names are already replaced to "blk.N.xxx" format
+		re := regexp.MustCompile(`^blk\.(\d+)`)
+		matches := re.FindStringSubmatch(name)
+		if matches == nil {
+			return false
+		}
+		blkNum, err := strconv.Atoi(matches[1])
+		if err != nil {
+			return false
+		}
+		return blkNum >= numLayers
+	}
+
+	for _, t := range ts {
+		name := t.Name()
+
+		// Skip next-n prediction layers (layers >= num_hidden_layers)
+		if skipLayer(name) {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// Split ffn_gate_up into separate gate and up projections
+		if strings.Contains(name, "ffn_gate_up") {
+			for t := range splitDim(t, 0,
+				split{Replacer: strings.NewReplacer("ffn_gate_up", "ffn_gate")},
+				split{Replacer: strings.NewReplacer("ffn_gate_up", "ffn_up")},
+			) {
+				out = append(out, t)
+			}
+			continue
+		}
+
+		if strings.HasSuffix(name, "patch_embd.weight") {
+			shape := t.Shape()
+			if len(shape) == 5 && shape[2] == 2 {
+				newShape := []uint64{shape[0], shape[1], shape[3], shape[4]}
+
+				t0 := t.Clone()
+				t0.SetRepacker(func(_ string, data []float32, shape []uint64) ([]float32, error) {
+					dims := make([]int, len(shape))
+					for i := range shape {
+						dims[i] = int(shape[i])
+					}
+					var tt tensor.Tensor = tensor.New(tensor.WithShape(dims...), tensor.WithBacking(data))
+					tt, err := tt.Slice(nil, nil, tensor.S(0, 1), nil, nil)
+					if err != nil {
+						return nil, err
+					}
+					tt = tensor.Materialize(tt)
+					newDims := []int{int(shape[0]), int(shape[1]), int(shape[3]), int(shape[4])}
+					if err := tt.Reshape(newDims...); err != nil {
+						return nil, err
+					}
+					if err := tt.Reshape(tt.Shape().TotalSize()); err != nil {
+						return nil, err
+					}
+					return native.VectorF32(tt.(*tensor.Dense))
+				})
+				out = append(out, &ggml.Tensor{
+					Name:     strings.Replace(name, "patch_embd.weight", "patch_embd_0.weight", 1),
+					Kind:     t.Kind(),
+					Shape:    newShape,
+					WriterTo: t0,
+				})
+
+				t1 := t.Clone()
+				t1.SetRepacker(func(_ string, data []float32, shape []uint64) ([]float32, error) {
+					dims := make([]int, len(shape))
+					for i := range shape {
+						dims[i] = int(shape[i])
+					}
+					var tt tensor.Tensor = tensor.New(tensor.WithShape(dims...), tensor.WithBacking(data))
+					tt, err := tt.Slice(nil, nil, tensor.S(1, 2), nil, nil)
+					if err != nil {
+						return nil, err
+					}
+					tt = tensor.Materialize(tt)
+					newDims := []int{int(shape[0]), int(shape[1]), int(shape[3]), int(shape[4])}
+					if err := tt.Reshape(newDims...); err != nil {
+						return nil, err
+					}
+					if err := tt.Reshape(tt.Shape().TotalSize()); err != nil {
+						return nil, err
+					}
+					return native.VectorF32(tt.(*tensor.Dense))
+				})
+				out = append(out, &ggml.Tensor{
+					Name:     strings.Replace(name, "patch_embd.weight", "patch_embd_1.weight", 1),
+					Kind:     t.Kind(),
+					Shape:    newShape,
+					WriterTo: t1,
+				})
+
+				continue
+			}
+
+			if len(shape) == 4 {
+				out = append(out, &ggml.Tensor{
+					Name:     strings.Replace(name, "patch_embd.weight", "patch_embd_0.weight", 1),
+					Kind:     t.Kind(),
+					Shape:    t.Shape(),
+					WriterTo: t,
+				})
+				continue
+			}
+
+			slog.Warn("glmocr: patch_embed weight has unexpected shape - not splitting", "shape", shape)
+			// Fall through to default handling
+		}
+
+		// Handle pre-split patch embedding weights
+		// Pattern 1: v.patch_embd.0.weight, v.patch_embd.1.weight -> patch_embd_0.weight, patch_embd_1.weight
+		// Pattern 2: v.patch_embd.weight.0, v.patch_embd.weight.1 -> patch_embd_0.weight, patch_embd_1.weight
+		if strings.Contains(name, "patch_embd.0.") {
+			out = append(out, &ggml.Tensor{
+				Name:     strings.Replace(name, "patch_embd.0.", "patch_embd_0.", 1),
+				Kind:     t.Kind(),
+				Shape:    t.Shape(),
+				WriterTo: t,
+			})
+			continue
+		}
+		if strings.Contains(name, "patch_embd.1.") {
+			out = append(out, &ggml.Tensor{
+				Name:     strings.Replace(name, "patch_embd.1.", "patch_embd_1.", 1),
+				Kind:     t.Kind(),
+				Shape:    t.Shape(),
+				WriterTo: t,
+			})
+			continue
+		}
+		// Handle .weight.0 and .weight.1 suffix patterns
+		if strings.HasSuffix(name, "patch_embd.weight.0") {
+			out = append(out, &ggml.Tensor{
+				Name:     strings.Replace(name, "patch_embd.weight.0", "patch_embd_0.weight", 1),
+				Kind:     t.Kind(),
+				Shape:    t.Shape(),
+				WriterTo: t,
+			})
+			continue
+		}
+		if strings.HasSuffix(name, "patch_embd.weight.1") {
+			out = append(out, &ggml.Tensor{
+				Name:     strings.Replace(name, "patch_embd.weight.1", "patch_embd_1.weight", 1),
+				Kind:     t.Kind(),
+				Shape:    t.Shape(),
+				WriterTo: t,
+			})
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// Permute Q/K weights for M-RoPE compatibility (interleaved -> NeoX ordering)
+		// GGML's M-RoPE kernel uses NeoX-style rotation, but GLM-OCR uses interleaved (LLaMA-style)
+		// We permute at conversion time so the weights work correctly with GGML's kernel
+		// This aligns Q/K rotary dimensions with GGML's NeoX-style rotation
+		if len(m.TextConfig.RopeParameters.MRopeSection) > 0 &&
+			strings.Contains(name, "blk.") && (strings.Contains(name, "attn_q.") || strings.Contains(name, "attn_k.")) {
+			// Get config values for permutation
+			nHeads := int(cmp.Or(m.TextConfig.NumAttentionHeads, 16))
+			nKVHeads := int(cmp.Or(m.TextConfig.NumKeyValueHeads, 8))
+			hiddenSize := int(cmp.Or(m.TextConfig.HiddenSize, 1536))
+			headDim := int(cmp.Or(m.TextConfig.HeadDim, uint32(hiddenSize/nHeads)))
+			partialRotaryFactor := cmp.Or(m.TextConfig.PartialRotaryFactor, m.TextConfig.RopeParameters.PartialRotaryFactor, float32(1.0))
+
+			// Use appropriate head count: nHeads for Q, nKVHeads for K
+			effectiveHeads := nHeads
+			if strings.Contains(name, "attn_k.") {
+				effectiveHeads = nKVHeads
+			}
+
+			permutedT := t.Clone()
+			permutedT.SetRepacker(normalToNeoXRepacker(effectiveHeads, headDim, partialRotaryFactor))
+			out = append(out, &ggml.Tensor{
+				Name:     name,
+				Kind:     t.Kind(),
+				Shape:    t.Shape(),
+				WriterTo: permutedT,
+			})
+			continue
+		}
+
+		out = append(out, &ggml.Tensor{
+			Name:     name,
+			Kind:     t.Kind(),
+			Shape:    t.Shape(),
+			WriterTo: t,
+		})
+	}
+
+	return out
+}
+
+func (m *glmOcrModel) Replacements() []string {
+	return []string{
+		// Vision encoder
+		"model.visual.patch_embed.proj_1", "v.patch_embd_1", // Second temporal split
+		"model.visual.patch_embed.proj", "v.patch_embd",
+		"model.visual.blocks", "v.blk",
+		"model.visual.post_layernorm", "v.post_ln",
+		"model.visual.downsample", "mm.patch_merger",
+
+		// Vision attention
+		"attn.qkv", "attn_qkv",
+		"attn.proj", "attn_out",
+		"attn.q_norm", "attn_q_norm",
+		"attn.k_norm", "attn_k_norm",
+
+		// Vision norms
+		"norm1", "ln1",
+		"norm2", "ln2",
+
+		// Vision MLP
+		"mlp.gate_proj", "ffn_gate",
+		"mlp.up_proj", "ffn_up",
+		"mlp.down_proj", "ffn_down",
+
+		// Merger (multimodal projector)
+		"model.visual.merger.proj", "mm.model.fc",
+		"model.visual.merger.post_projection_norm", "mm.post_norm",
+		"model.visual.merger.gate_proj", "mm.gate",
+		"model.visual.merger.up_proj", "mm.up",
+		"model.visual.merger.down_proj", "mm.down",
+
+		// Language model
+		"model.language_model.embed_tokens", "token_embd",
+		"model.language_model.layers", "blk",
+		"model.language_model.norm", "output_norm",
+		"lm_head", "output",
+
+		// Language model attention
+		"self_attn.q_proj", "attn_q",
+		"self_attn.k_proj", "attn_k",
+		"self_attn.v_proj", "attn_v",
+		"self_attn.o_proj", "attn_out",
+
+		// Language model norms
+		"input_layernorm", "attn_norm",
+		"post_attention_layernorm", "ffn_norm",
+		"post_self_attn_layernorm", "post_attn_norm",
+		"post_mlp_layernorm", "post_ffn_norm",
+
+		// Language model MLP (remove mlp. prefix so ffn_* names work)
+		"mlp.gate_up_proj", "ffn_gate_up",
+		"mlp.down_proj", "ffn_down",
+	}
+}

convert/reader_safetensors.go

@@ -99,6 +99,7 @@ func (st safetensor) Kind() uint32 {
 	if st.dtype == "BF16" &&
 		!strings.HasPrefix(st.name, "v.") &&
 		!strings.HasPrefix(st.name, "s.") &&
+		!strings.HasPrefix(st.name, "mm.") &&
 		kind != tensorKindFP32 {
 		kind = tensorKindBF16
 	}

docs/docs.json

@@ -71,6 +71,10 @@
     {
       "source": "/api",
       "destination": "/api/introduction"
+    },
+    {
+      "source": "/integrations/clawdbot",
+      "destination": "/integrations/openclaw"
     }
   ],
   "navigation": {
@@ -103,6 +107,7 @@
             "pages": [
               "/integrations/claude-code",
               "/integrations/cline",
+              "/integrations/openclaw",
               "/integrations/codex",
               "/integrations/droid",
               "/integrations/goose",

docs/gpu.mdx

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ Check your compute compatibility to see if your card is supported:
 
 | Compute Capability | Family              | Cards                                                                                                                          |
 | ------------------ | ------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
+| 12.1               | NVIDIA              | `GB10 (DGX Spark)`                                                                                                             |
 | 12.0               | GeForce RTX 50xx    | `RTX 5060` `RTX 5060 Ti` `RTX 5070` `RTX 5070 Ti` `RTX 5080` `RTX 5090`                                                        |
 |                    | NVIDIA Professional | `RTX PRO 4000 Blackwell` `RTX PRO 4500 Blackwell` `RTX PRO 5000 Blackwell` `RTX PRO 6000 Blackwell`                            |
 | 9.0                | NVIDIA              | `H200` `H100`                                                                                                                  |
@@ -163,4 +164,4 @@ To select specific Vulkan GPU(s), you can set the environment variable
 `GGML_VK_VISIBLE_DEVICES` to one or more numeric IDs on the Ollama server as
 described in the [FAQ](faq#how-do-i-configure-ollama-server). If you
 encounter any problems with Vulkan based GPUs, you can disable all Vulkan GPUs
-by setting `GGML_VK_VISIBLE_DEVICES=-1` 
+by setting `GGML_VK_VISIBLE_DEVICES=-1` 

docs/import.mdx

@@ -134,22 +134,12 @@ success
 
 ### Supported Quantizations
 
-- `q4_0`
-- `q4_1`
-- `q5_0`
-- `q5_1`
 - `q8_0`
 
 #### K-means Quantizations
 
-- `q3_K_S`
-- `q3_K_M`
-- `q3_K_L`
 - `q4_K_S`
 - `q4_K_M`
-- `q5_K_S`
-- `q5_K_M`
-- `q6_K`
 
 ## Sharing your model on ollama.com
 

docs/integrations/openclaw.mdx

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+---
+title: OpenClaw
+---
+
+OpenClaw is a personal AI assistant that runs on your own devices. It bridges messaging services (WhatsApp, Telegram, Slack, Discord, iMessage, and more) to AI coding agents through a centralized gateway.
+
+## Install
+
+Install [OpenClaw](https://openclaw.ai/) 
+
+```bash
+npm install -g openclaw@latest
+```
+
+Then run the onboarding wizard:
+
+```bash
+openclaw onboard --install-daemon
+```
+
+<Note>OpenClaw requires a larger context window. It is recommended to use a context window of at least 64k tokens. See [Context length](/context-length) for more information.</Note>
+
+## Usage with Ollama
+
+### Quick setup
+
+```bash
+ollama launch openclaw
+```
+
+<Note>Previously known as Clawdbot. `ollama launch clawdbot` still works as an alias.</Note>
+
+This configures OpenClaw to use Ollama and starts the gateway.
+If the gateway is already running, no changes need to be made as the gateway will auto-reload the changes. 
+
+
+To configure without launching:
+
+```shell
+ollama launch openclaw --config
+```
+
+## Recommended Models
+
+- `qwen3-coder`
+- `glm-4.7`
+- `gpt-oss:20b`
+- `gpt-oss:120b`
+
+Cloud models are also available at [ollama.com/search?c=cloud](https://ollama.com/search?c=cloud).

docs/integrations/opencode.mdx

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ OpenCode is an open-source AI coding assistant that runs in your terminal.
 Install the [OpenCode CLI](https://opencode.ai):
 
 ```bash
-curl -fsSL https://opencode.ai/install.sh | bash
+curl -fsSL https://opencode.ai/install | bash
 ```
 
 <Note>OpenCode requires a larger context window. It is recommended to use a context window of at least 64k tokens. See [Context length](/context-length) for more information.</Note>

envconfig/config.go

@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ var (
 	// Enable the new Ollama engine
 	NewEngine = Bool("OLLAMA_NEW_ENGINE")
 	// ContextLength sets the default context length
-	ContextLength = Uint("OLLAMA_CONTEXT_LENGTH", 4096)
+	ContextLength = Uint("OLLAMA_CONTEXT_LENGTH", 0)
 	// Auth enables authentication between the Ollama client and server
 	UseAuth = Bool("OLLAMA_AUTH")
 	// Enable Vulkan backend
@@ -290,7 +290,7 @@ func AsMap() map[string]EnvVar {
 		"OLLAMA_ORIGINS":           {"OLLAMA_ORIGINS", AllowedOrigins(), "A comma separated list of allowed origins"},
 		"OLLAMA_SCHED_SPREAD":      {"OLLAMA_SCHED_SPREAD", SchedSpread(), "Always schedule model across all GPUs"},
 		"OLLAMA_MULTIUSER_CACHE":   {"OLLAMA_MULTIUSER_CACHE", MultiUserCache(), "Optimize prompt caching for multi-user scenarios"},
-		"OLLAMA_CONTEXT_LENGTH":    {"OLLAMA_CONTEXT_LENGTH", ContextLength(), "Context length to use unless otherwise specified (default: 4096)"},
+		"OLLAMA_CONTEXT_LENGTH":    {"OLLAMA_CONTEXT_LENGTH", ContextLength(), "Context length to use unless otherwise specified (default: 4k/32k/256k based on VRAM)"},
 		"OLLAMA_NEW_ENGINE":        {"OLLAMA_NEW_ENGINE", NewEngine(), "Enable the new Ollama engine"},
 		"OLLAMA_REMOTES":           {"OLLAMA_REMOTES", Remotes(), "Allowed hosts for remote models (default \"ollama.com\")"},
 

envconfig/config_test.go

@@ -282,7 +282,7 @@ func TestVar(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestContextLength(t *testing.T) {
 	cases := map[string]uint{
-		"":     4096,
+		"":     0,
 		"2048": 2048,
 	}
 

fs/ggml/ggml.go

@@ -270,6 +270,7 @@ func (kv KV) OllamaEngineRequired() bool {
 		"qwen3", "qwen3moe",
 		"qwen3vl", "qwen3vlmoe",
 		"glm4moelite",
+		"glmocr",
 		"lfm2",
 	}, kv.Architecture())
 }
@@ -859,6 +860,7 @@ func (f GGML) FlashAttention() bool {
 		"bert",
 		"gemma3",
 		"glm4moelite",
+		"glmocr",
 		"gptoss", "gpt-oss",
 		"lfm2",
 		"mistral3",

go.mod

@@ -21,10 +21,12 @@ require (
 
 require (
 	github.com/agnivade/levenshtein v1.1.1
+	github.com/charmbracelet/bubbletea v1.3.10
+	github.com/charmbracelet/lipgloss v1.1.0
 	github.com/d4l3k/go-bfloat16 v0.0.0-20211005043715-690c3bdd05f1
 	github.com/dlclark/regexp2 v1.11.4
 	github.com/emirpasic/gods/v2 v2.0.0-alpha
-	github.com/mattn/go-runewidth v0.0.14
+	github.com/mattn/go-runewidth v0.0.16
 	github.com/nlpodyssey/gopickle v0.3.0
 	github.com/pdevine/tensor v0.0.0-20240510204454-f88f4562727c
 	github.com/tkrajina/typescriptify-golang-structs v0.2.0
@@ -37,22 +39,34 @@ require (
 
 require (
 	github.com/apache/arrow/go/arrow v0.0.0-20211112161151-bc219186db40 // indirect
+	github.com/aymanbagabas/go-osc52/v2 v2.0.1 // indirect
 	github.com/bahlo/generic-list-go v0.2.0 // indirect
 	github.com/buger/jsonparser v1.1.1 // indirect
 	github.com/bytedance/sonic/loader v0.1.1 // indirect
+	github.com/charmbracelet/colorprofile v0.2.3-0.20250311203215-f60798e515dc // indirect
+	github.com/charmbracelet/x/ansi v0.10.1 // indirect
+	github.com/charmbracelet/x/cellbuf v0.0.13-0.20250311204145-2c3ea96c31dd // indirect
+	github.com/charmbracelet/x/term v0.2.1 // indirect
 	github.com/chewxy/hm v1.0.0 // indirect
 	github.com/chewxy/math32 v1.11.0 // indirect
 	github.com/cloudwego/base64x v0.1.4 // indirect
 	github.com/cloudwego/iasm v0.2.0 // indirect
 	github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.1 // indirect
+	github.com/erikgeiser/coninput v0.0.0-20211004153227-1c3628e74d0f // indirect
 	github.com/gogo/protobuf v1.3.2 // indirect
 	github.com/google/flatbuffers v24.3.25+incompatible // indirect
 	github.com/kr/text v0.2.0 // indirect
+	github.com/lucasb-eyer/go-colorful v1.2.0 // indirect
 	github.com/mailru/easyjson v0.7.7 // indirect
+	github.com/mattn/go-localereader v0.0.1 // indirect
+	github.com/muesli/ansi v0.0.0-20230316100256-276c6243b2f6 // indirect
+	github.com/muesli/cancelreader v0.2.2 // indirect
+	github.com/muesli/termenv v0.16.0 // indirect
 	github.com/pkg/errors v0.9.1 // indirect
 	github.com/pmezard/go-difflib v1.0.0 // indirect
-	github.com/rivo/uniseg v0.2.0 // indirect
+	github.com/rivo/uniseg v0.4.7 // indirect
 	github.com/tkrajina/go-reflector v0.5.5 // indirect
+	github.com/xo/terminfo v0.0.0-20220910002029-abceb7e1c41e // indirect
 	github.com/xtgo/set v1.0.0 // indirect
 	go4.org/unsafe/assume-no-moving-gc v0.0.0-20231121144256-b99613f794b6 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/xerrors v0.0.0-20200804184101-5ec99f83aff1 // indirect

go.sum

@@ -14,6 +14,8 @@ github.com/apache/arrow/go/arrow v0.0.0-20211112161151-bc219186db40 h1:q4dksr6IC
 github.com/apache/arrow/go/arrow v0.0.0-20211112161151-bc219186db40/go.mod h1:Q7yQnSMnLvcXlZ8RV+jwz/6y1rQTqbX6C82SndT52Zs=
 github.com/arbovm/levenshtein v0.0.0-20160628152529-48b4e1c0c4d0 h1:jfIu9sQUG6Ig+0+Ap1h4unLjW6YQJpKZVmUzxsD4E/Q=
 github.com/arbovm/levenshtein v0.0.0-20160628152529-48b4e1c0c4d0/go.mod h1:t2tdKJDJF9BV14lnkjHmOQgcvEKgtqs5a1N3LNdJhGE=
+github.com/aymanbagabas/go-osc52/v2 v2.0.1 h1:HwpRHbFMcZLEVr42D4p7XBqjyuxQH5SMiErDT4WkJ2k=
+github.com/aymanbagabas/go-osc52/v2 v2.0.1/go.mod h1:uYgXzlJ7ZpABp8OJ+exZzJJhRNQ2ASbcXHWsFqH8hp8=
 github.com/bahlo/generic-list-go v0.2.0 h1:5sz/EEAK+ls5wF+NeqDpk5+iNdMDXrh3z3nPnH1Wvgk=
 github.com/bahlo/generic-list-go v0.2.0/go.mod h1:2KvAjgMlE5NNynlg/5iLrrCCZ2+5xWbdbCW3pNTGyYg=
 github.com/boombuler/barcode v1.0.0/go.mod h1:paBWMcWSl3LHKBqUq+rly7CNSldXjb2rDl3JlRe0mD8=
@@ -24,6 +26,18 @@ github.com/bytedance/sonic v1.11.6/go.mod h1:LysEHSvpvDySVdC2f87zGWf6CIKJcAvqab1
 github.com/bytedance/sonic/loader v0.1.1 h1:c+e5Pt1k/cy5wMveRDyk2X4B9hF4g7an8N3zCYjJFNM=
 github.com/bytedance/sonic/loader v0.1.1/go.mod h1:ncP89zfokxS5LZrJxl5z0UJcsk4M4yY2JpfqGeCtNLU=
 github.com/census-instrumentation/opencensus-proto v0.2.1/go.mod h1:f6KPmirojxKA12rnyqOA5BBL4O983OfeGPqjHWSTneU=
+github.com/charmbracelet/bubbletea v1.3.10 h1:otUDHWMMzQSB0Pkc87rm691KZ3SWa4KUlvF9nRvCICw=
+github.com/charmbracelet/bubbletea v1.3.10/go.mod h1:ORQfo0fk8U+po9VaNvnV95UPWA1BitP1E0N6xJPlHr4=
+github.com/charmbracelet/colorprofile v0.2.3-0.20250311203215-f60798e515dc h1:4pZI35227imm7yK2bGPcfpFEmuY1gc2YSTShr4iJBfs=
+github.com/charmbracelet/colorprofile v0.2.3-0.20250311203215-f60798e515dc/go.mod h1:X4/0JoqgTIPSFcRA/P6INZzIuyqdFY5rm8tb41s9okk=
+github.com/charmbracelet/lipgloss v1.1.0 h1:vYXsiLHVkK7fp74RkV7b2kq9+zDLoEU4MZoFqR/noCY=
+github.com/charmbracelet/lipgloss v1.1.0/go.mod h1:/6Q8FR2o+kj8rz4Dq0zQc3vYf7X+B0binUUBwA0aL30=
+github.com/charmbracelet/x/ansi v0.10.1 h1:rL3Koar5XvX0pHGfovN03f5cxLbCF2YvLeyz7D2jVDQ=
+github.com/charmbracelet/x/ansi v0.10.1/go.mod h1:3RQDQ6lDnROptfpWuUVIUG64bD2g2BgntdxH0Ya5TeE=
+github.com/charmbracelet/x/cellbuf v0.0.13-0.20250311204145-2c3ea96c31dd h1:vy0GVL4jeHEwG5YOXDmi86oYw2yuYUGqz6a8sLwg0X8=
+github.com/charmbracelet/x/cellbuf v0.0.13-0.20250311204145-2c3ea96c31dd/go.mod h1:xe0nKWGd3eJgtqZRaN9RjMtK7xUYchjzPr7q6kcvCCs=
+github.com/charmbracelet/x/term v0.2.1 h1:AQeHeLZ1OqSXhrAWpYUtZyX1T3zVxfpZuEQMIQaGIAQ=
+github.com/charmbracelet/x/term v0.2.1/go.mod h1:oQ4enTYFV7QN4m0i9mzHrViD7TQKvNEEkHUMCmsxdUg=
 github.com/chewxy/hm v1.0.0 h1:zy/TSv3LV2nD3dwUEQL2VhXeoXbb9QkpmdRAVUFiA6k=
 github.com/chewxy/hm v1.0.0/go.mod h1:qg9YI4q6Fkj/whwHR1D+bOGeF7SniIP40VweVepLjg0=
 github.com/chewxy/math32 v1.0.0/go.mod h1:Miac6hA1ohdDUTagnvJy/q+aNnEk16qWUdb8ZVhvCN0=
@@ -59,6 +73,8 @@ github.com/envoyproxy/go-control-plane v0.9.9-0.20201210154907-fd9021fe5dad/go.m
 github.com/envoyproxy/go-control-plane v0.9.9-0.20210217033140-668b12f5399d/go.mod h1:cXg6YxExXjJnVBQHBLXeUAgxn2UodCpnH306RInaBQk=
 github.com/envoyproxy/go-control-plane v0.9.9-0.20210512163311-63b5d3c536b0/go.mod h1:hliV/p42l8fGbc6Y9bQ70uLwIvmJyVE5k4iMKlh8wCQ=
 github.com/envoyproxy/protoc-gen-validate v0.1.0/go.mod h1:iSmxcyjqTsJpI2R4NaDN7+kN2VEUnK/pcBlmesArF7c=
+github.com/erikgeiser/coninput v0.0.0-20211004153227-1c3628e74d0f h1:Y/CXytFA4m6baUTXGLOoWe4PQhGxaX0KpnayAqC48p4=
+github.com/erikgeiser/coninput v0.0.0-20211004153227-1c3628e74d0f/go.mod h1:vw97MGsxSvLiUE2X8qFplwetxpGLQrlU1Q9AUEIzCaM=
 github.com/fogleman/gg v1.2.1-0.20190220221249-0403632d5b90/go.mod h1:R/bRT+9gY/C5z7JzPU0zXsXHKM4/ayA+zqcVNZzPa1k=
 github.com/fogleman/gg v1.3.0/go.mod h1:R/bRT+9gY/C5z7JzPU0zXsXHKM4/ayA+zqcVNZzPa1k=
 github.com/gabriel-vasile/mimetype v1.4.3 h1:in2uUcidCuFcDKtdcBxlR0rJ1+fsokWf+uqxgUFjbI0=
@@ -148,13 +164,17 @@ github.com/ledongthuc/pdf v0.0.0-20250511090121-5959a4027728 h1:QwWKgMY28TAXaDl+
 github.com/ledongthuc/pdf v0.0.0-20250511090121-5959a4027728/go.mod h1:1fEHWurg7pvf5SG6XNE5Q8UZmOwex51Mkx3SLhrW5B4=
 github.com/leodido/go-urn v1.4.0 h1:WT9HwE9SGECu3lg4d/dIA+jxlljEa1/ffXKmRjqdmIQ=
 github.com/leodido/go-urn v1.4.0/go.mod h1:bvxc+MVxLKB4z00jd1z+Dvzr47oO32F/QSNjSBOlFxI=
+github.com/lucasb-eyer/go-colorful v1.2.0 h1:1nnpGOrhyZZuNyfu1QjKiUICQ74+3FNCN69Aj6K7nkY=
+github.com/lucasb-eyer/go-colorful v1.2.0/go.mod h1:R4dSotOR9KMtayYi1e77YzuveK+i7ruzyGqttikkLy0=
 github.com/mailru/easyjson v0.7.7 h1:UGYAvKxe3sBsEDzO8ZeWOSlIQfWFlxbzLZe7hwFURr0=
 github.com/mailru/easyjson v0.7.7/go.mod h1:xzfreul335JAWq5oZzymOObrkdz5UnU4kGfJJLY9Nlc=
 github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.20 h1:xfD0iDuEKnDkl03q4limB+vH+GxLEtL/jb4xVJSWWEY=
 github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.20/go.mod h1:W+V8PltTTMOvKvAeJH7IuucS94S2C6jfK/D7dTCTo3Y=
+github.com/mattn/go-localereader v0.0.1 h1:ygSAOl7ZXTx4RdPYinUpg6W99U8jWvWi9Ye2JC/oIi4=
+github.com/mattn/go-localereader v0.0.1/go.mod h1:8fBrzywKY7BI3czFoHkuzRoWE9C+EiG4R1k4Cjx5p88=
 github.com/mattn/go-runewidth v0.0.9/go.mod h1:H031xJmbD/WCDINGzjvQ9THkh0rPKHF+m2gUSrubnMI=
-github.com/mattn/go-runewidth v0.0.14 h1:+xnbZSEeDbOIg5/mE6JF0w6n9duR1l3/WmbinWVwUuU=
-github.com/mattn/go-runewidth v0.0.14/go.mod h1:Jdepj2loyihRzMpdS35Xk/zdY8IAYHsh153qUoGf23w=
+github.com/mattn/go-runewidth v0.0.16 h1:E5ScNMtiwvlvB5paMFdw9p4kSQzbXFikJ5SQO6TULQc=
+github.com/mattn/go-runewidth v0.0.16/go.mod h1:Jdepj2loyihRzMpdS35Xk/zdY8IAYHsh153qUoGf23w=
 github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3 v1.14.24 h1:tpSp2G2KyMnnQu99ngJ47EIkWVmliIizyZBfPrBWDRM=
 github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3 v1.14.24/go.mod h1:Uh1q+B4BYcTPb+yiD3kU8Ct7aC0hY9fxUwlHK0RXw+Y=
 github.com/modern-go/concurrent v0.0.0-20180228061459-e0a39a4cb421/go.mod h1:6dJC0mAP4ikYIbvyc7fijjWJddQyLn8Ig3JB5CqoB9Q=
@@ -162,6 +182,12 @@ github.com/modern-go/concurrent v0.0.0-20180306012644-bacd9c7ef1dd h1:TRLaZ9cD/w
 github.com/modern-go/concurrent v0.0.0-20180306012644-bacd9c7ef1dd/go.mod h1:6dJC0mAP4ikYIbvyc7fijjWJddQyLn8Ig3JB5CqoB9Q=
 github.com/modern-go/reflect2 v1.0.2 h1:xBagoLtFs94CBntxluKeaWgTMpvLxC4ur3nMaC9Gz0M=
 github.com/modern-go/reflect2 v1.0.2/go.mod h1:yWuevngMOJpCy52FWWMvUC8ws7m/LJsjYzDa0/r8luk=
+github.com/muesli/ansi v0.0.0-20230316100256-276c6243b2f6 h1:ZK8zHtRHOkbHy6Mmr5D264iyp3TiX5OmNcI5cIARiQI=
+github.com/muesli/ansi v0.0.0-20230316100256-276c6243b2f6/go.mod h1:CJlz5H+gyd6CUWT45Oy4q24RdLyn7Md9Vj2/ldJBSIo=
+github.com/muesli/cancelreader v0.2.2 h1:3I4Kt4BQjOR54NavqnDogx/MIoWBFa0StPA8ELUXHmA=
+github.com/muesli/cancelreader v0.2.2/go.mod h1:3XuTXfFS2VjM+HTLZY9Ak0l6eUKfijIfMUZ4EgX0QYo=
+github.com/muesli/termenv v0.16.0 h1:S5AlUN9dENB57rsbnkPyfdGuWIlkmzJjbFf0Tf5FWUc=
+github.com/muesli/termenv v0.16.0/go.mod h1:ZRfOIKPFDYQoDFF4Olj7/QJbW60Ol/kL1pU3VfY/Cnk=
 github.com/nlpodyssey/gopickle v0.3.0 h1:BLUE5gxFLyyNOPzlXxt6GoHEMMxD0qhsE4p0CIQyoLw=
 github.com/nlpodyssey/gopickle v0.3.0/go.mod h1:f070HJ/yR+eLi5WmM1OXJEGaTpuJEUiib19olXgYha0=
 github.com/olekukonko/tablewriter v0.0.5 h1:P2Ga83D34wi1o9J6Wh1mRuqd4mF/x/lgBS7N7AbDhec=
@@ -180,8 +206,9 @@ github.com/pkg/errors v0.9.1/go.mod h1:bwawxfHBFNV+L2hUp1rHADufV3IMtnDRdf1r5NINE
 github.com/pmezard/go-difflib v1.0.0 h1:4DBwDE0NGyQoBHbLQYPwSUPoCMWR5BEzIk/f1lZbAQM=
 github.com/pmezard/go-difflib v1.0.0/go.mod h1:iKH77koFhYxTK1pcRnkKkqfTogsbg7gZNVY4sRDYZ/4=
 github.com/prometheus/client_model v0.0.0-20190812154241-14fe0d1b01d4/go.mod h1:xMI15A0UPsDsEKsMN9yxemIoYk6Tm2C1GtYGdfGttqA=
-github.com/rivo/uniseg v0.2.0 h1:S1pD9weZBuJdFmowNwbpi7BJ8TNftyUImj/0WQi72jY=
 github.com/rivo/uniseg v0.2.0/go.mod h1:J6wj4VEh+S6ZtnVlnTBMWIodfgj8LQOQFoIToxlJtxc=
+github.com/rivo/uniseg v0.4.7 h1:WUdvkW8uEhrYfLC4ZzdpI2ztxP1I582+49Oc5Mq64VQ=
+github.com/rivo/uniseg v0.4.7/go.mod h1:FN3SvrM+Zdj16jyLfmOkMNblXMcoc8DfTHruCPUcx88=
 github.com/rogpeppe/fastuuid v1.2.0/go.mod h1:jVj6XXZzXRy/MSR5jhDC/2q6DgLz+nrA6LYCDYWNEvQ=
 github.com/rogpeppe/go-internal v1.8.0 h1:FCbCCtXNOY3UtUuHUYaghJg4y7Fd14rXifAYUAtL9R8=
 github.com/rogpeppe/go-internal v1.8.0/go.mod h1:WmiCO8CzOY8rg0OYDC4/i/2WRWAB6poM+XZ2dLUbcbE=
@@ -218,6 +245,8 @@ github.com/wk8/go-ordered-map/v2 v2.1.8 h1:5h/BUHu93oj4gIdvHHHGsScSTMijfx5PeYkE/
 github.com/wk8/go-ordered-map/v2 v2.1.8/go.mod h1:5nJHM5DyteebpVlHnWMV0rPz6Zp7+xBAnxjb1X5vnTw=
 github.com/x448/float16 v0.8.4 h1:qLwI1I70+NjRFUR3zs1JPUCgaCXSh3SW62uAKT1mSBM=
 github.com/x448/float16 v0.8.4/go.mod h1:14CWIYCyZA/cWjXOioeEpHeN/83MdbZDRQHoFcYsOfg=
+github.com/xo/terminfo v0.0.0-20220910002029-abceb7e1c41e h1:JVG44RsyaB9T2KIHavMF/ppJZNG9ZpyihvCd0w101no=
+github.com/xo/terminfo v0.0.0-20220910002029-abceb7e1c41e/go.mod h1:RbqR21r5mrJuqunuUZ/Dhy/avygyECGrLceyNeo4LiM=
 github.com/xtgo/set v1.0.0 h1:6BCNBRv3ORNDQ7fyoJXRv+tstJz3m1JVFQErfeZz2pY=
 github.com/xtgo/set v1.0.0/go.mod h1:d3NHzGzSa0NmB2NhFyECA+QdRp29oEn2xbT+TpeFoM8=
 github.com/yuin/goldmark v1.1.27/go.mod h1:3hX8gzYuyVAZsxl0MRgGTJEmQBFcNTphYh9decYSb74=
@@ -304,6 +333,7 @@ golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20210330210617-4fbd30eecc44/go.mod h1:h1NjWce9XRLGQEsW7w
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20210423082822-04245dca01da/go.mod h1:h1NjWce9XRLGQEsW7wpKNCjG9DtNlClVuFLEZdDNbEs=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20210510120138-977fb7262007/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20210630005230-0f9fa26af87c/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20210809222454-d867a43fc93e/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.5.0/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.6.0/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.37.0 h1:fdNQudmxPjkdUTPnLn5mdQv7Zwvbvpaxqs831goi9kQ=

llm/server.go

@@ -80,6 +80,7 @@ type LlamaServer interface {
 	GetPort() int
 	GetDeviceInfos(ctx context.Context) []ml.DeviceInfo
 	HasExited() bool
+	ContextLength() int
 }
 
 // llmServer is an instance of a runner hosting a single model
@@ -1200,7 +1201,8 @@ func (s *llmServer) initModel(ctx context.Context, req LoadRequest, operation Lo
 
 	resp, err := http.DefaultClient.Do(r)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("do load request: %w", err)
+		slog.Error("do load request", "error", err)
+		return nil, errors.New("model failed to load, this may be due to resource limitations or an internal error, check ollama server logs for details")
 	}
 	defer resp.Body.Close()
 
@@ -1901,6 +1903,10 @@ func (s *llmServer) VRAMByGPU(id ml.DeviceID) uint64 {
 	return 0
 }
 
+func (s *llmServer) ContextLength() int {
+	return s.options.NumCtx
+}
+
 func (s *ollamaServer) GetDeviceInfos(ctx context.Context) []ml.DeviceInfo {
 	devices, err := ml.GetDevicesFromRunner(ctx, s)
 	if err != nil {

ml/backend.go

@@ -170,6 +170,7 @@ type Tensor interface {
 	Cos(ctx Context) Tensor
 	Tanh(ctx Context) Tensor
 	GELU(ctx Context, up ...Tensor) Tensor
+	GELU_ERF(ctx Context) Tensor
 	QuickGELU(ctx Context, up ...Tensor) Tensor
 	SILU(ctx Context, up ...Tensor) Tensor
 	RELU(ctx Context, up ...Tensor) Tensor

ml/backend/ggml/ggml.go

@@ -1581,6 +1581,13 @@ func (t *Tensor) GELU(ctx ml.Context, t2 ...ml.Tensor) ml.Tensor {
 	}
 }
 
+func (t *Tensor) GELU_ERF(ctx ml.Context) ml.Tensor {
+	return &Tensor{
+		b: t.b,
+		t: C.ggml_gelu_erf_inplace(ctx.(*Context).ctx, t.t),
+	}
+}
+
 func (t *Tensor) QuickGELU(ctx ml.Context, t2 ...ml.Tensor) ml.Tensor {
 	var tt *C.struct_ggml_tensor
 	if len(t2) > 0 {

model/models/glmocr/imageprocessor.go

@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+package glmocr
+
+import (
+	"image"
+	"log/slog"
+	"math"
+
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/fs"
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/model/imageproc"
+)
+
+type ImageProcessor struct {
+	imageSize         int
+	patchSize         int
+	temporalPatchSize int
+	spatialMergeSize  int
+	minPixels         int
+	maxPixels         int
+	factor            int
+	imageMean         [3]float32
+	imageStd          [3]float32
+}
+
+func newImageProcessor(c fs.Config) ImageProcessor {
+	patchSize := int(c.Uint("vision.patch_size", 14))
+	spatialMergeSize := int(c.Uint("vision.spatial_merge_size", 2))
+	temporalPatchSize := int(c.Uint("vision.temporal_patch_size", 2))
+
+	// Read normalization values from config if available, otherwise use CLIP defaults
+	imageMean := c.Floats("vision.image_mean", imageproc.ClipDefaultMean[:])
+	imageStd := c.Floats("vision.image_std", imageproc.ClipDefaultSTD[:])
+
+	// Default max_pixels: 2048 * patchSize^2 * mergeSize^2 * temporal = ~3.2M pixels
+	// This limits to ~16k patches (4k output tokens) to keep memory stable without flash attention
+	defaultMaxPixels := 2048 * patchSize * patchSize * spatialMergeSize * spatialMergeSize * temporalPatchSize
+
+	return ImageProcessor{
+		imageSize:         int(c.Uint("vision.image_size", 336)),
+		patchSize:         patchSize,
+		temporalPatchSize: temporalPatchSize,
+		spatialMergeSize:  spatialMergeSize,
+		minPixels:         int(c.Uint("vision.min_pixels", uint32(8*patchSize*patchSize*spatialMergeSize*spatialMergeSize*temporalPatchSize))),
+		maxPixels:         int(c.Uint("vision.max_pixels", uint32(defaultMaxPixels))),
+		factor:            patchSize * spatialMergeSize,
+		imageMean:         [3]float32{imageMean[0], imageMean[1], imageMean[2]},
+		imageStd:          [3]float32{imageStd[0], imageStd[1], imageStd[2]},
+	}
+}
+
+func (p *ImageProcessor) SmartResize(height, width int) (int, int) {
+	factor := p.factor
+	temporalFactor := p.temporalPatchSize
+	numFrames := temporalFactor // single image
+
+	if height < factor || width < factor {
+		// Scale up small images
+		scale := float64(factor) / float64(min(height, width))
+		height = int(math.Ceil(float64(height) * scale))
+		width = int(math.Ceil(float64(width) * scale))
+	}
+
+	if temporalFactor <= 0 {
+		slog.Warn("temporal_patch_size must be > 0, defaulting to 1")
+		temporalFactor = 1
+	}
+	if numFrames < temporalFactor {
+		slog.Warn("num_frames must be >= temporal_patch_size, adjusting num_frames", "num_frames", numFrames, "temporal_patch_size", temporalFactor)
+		numFrames = temporalFactor
+	}
+	if aspectRatio := float64(max(height, width)) / float64(min(height, width)); aspectRatio > 200 {
+		slog.Warn("aspect ratio exceeds 200, image quality may be affected", "aspect_ratio", aspectRatio)
+	}
+
+	round := func(x float64) int { return int(math.RoundToEven(x)) }
+
+	hBar := round(float64(height)/float64(factor)) * factor
+	wBar := round(float64(width)/float64(factor)) * factor
+	tBar := round(float64(numFrames)/float64(temporalFactor)) * temporalFactor
+
+	if tBar*hBar*wBar > p.maxPixels {
+		beta := math.Sqrt(float64(numFrames*height*width) / float64(p.maxPixels))
+		hBar = int(math.Floor(float64(height)/beta/float64(factor))) * factor
+		wBar = int(math.Floor(float64(width)/beta/float64(factor))) * factor
+	} else if tBar*hBar*wBar < p.minPixels {
+		beta := math.Sqrt(float64(p.minPixels) / float64(numFrames*height*width))
+		hBar = int(math.Ceil(float64(height)*beta/float64(factor))) * factor
+		wBar = int(math.Ceil(float64(width)*beta/float64(factor))) * factor
+	}
+
+	return hBar, wBar
+}
+
+func (p *ImageProcessor) ProcessImage(img image.Image) ([]float32, *Grid, error) {
+	img = imageproc.Composite(img)
+
+	origWidth := img.Bounds().Dx()
+	origHeight := img.Bounds().Dy()
+
+	// Calculate smart resize dimensions
+	resizedHeight, resizedWidth := p.SmartResize(origHeight, origWidth)
+
+	// Resize image
+	resizedImg := imageproc.Resize(img, image.Point{X: resizedWidth, Y: resizedHeight}, imageproc.ResizeCatmullrom)
+
+	// Normalize pixels - output format is [C, H, W] with rescale and channelFirst
+	// We keep [C, H, W] for patch extraction
+	normalizedPixels := imageproc.Normalize(resizedImg, p.imageMean, p.imageStd, true, true)
+
+	// Calculate grid dimensions (after Conv2D patching)
+	grid := &Grid{
+		Height:      resizedHeight / p.patchSize,
+		Width:       resizedWidth / p.patchSize,
+		Temporal:    1, // Single image
+		ImageHeight: resizedHeight,
+		ImageWidth:  resizedWidth,
+	}
+
+	patches, err := p.createPatches(normalizedPixels, resizedHeight, resizedWidth, grid)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, nil, err
+	}
+
+	return patches, grid, nil
+}
+
+func (p *ImageProcessor) createPatches(pixels []float32, height, width int, grid *Grid) ([]float32, error) {
+	channels := 3
+	patchSize := p.patchSize
+	mergeSize := p.spatialMergeSize
+	temporalPatchSize := p.temporalPatchSize
+
+	numPatches := grid.Temporal * grid.Height * grid.Width
+	patchDim := channels * temporalPatchSize * patchSize * patchSize
+	result := make([]float32, numPatches*patchDim)
+	patchIndex := 0
+
+	// Single temporal frame handling (copies to all frames)
+	for range grid.Temporal {
+		for h := 0; h < grid.Height; h += mergeSize {
+			for w := 0; w < grid.Width; w += mergeSize {
+				for mh := range mergeSize {
+					for mw := range mergeSize {
+						baseOffset := patchIndex * patchDim
+						for c := range channels {
+							channelOffset := baseOffset + (c * temporalPatchSize * patchSize * patchSize)
+							for py := range patchSize {
+								for px := range patchSize {
+									y := (h+mh)*patchSize + py
+									x := (w+mw)*patchSize + px
+									srcIdx := c*height*width + y*width + x
+									dstIdx := channelOffset + (py * patchSize) + px
+									result[dstIdx] = pixels[srcIdx]
+								}
+							}
+
+							if temporalPatchSize > 1 {
+								frameSize := patchSize * patchSize
+								for tp := 1; tp < temporalPatchSize; tp++ {
+									currentFrameOffset := channelOffset + (tp * frameSize)
+									copy(result[currentFrameOffset:currentFrameOffset+frameSize],
+										result[channelOffset:channelOffset+frameSize])
+								}
+							}
+						}
+
+						patchIndex++
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return result, nil
+}

model/models/glmocr/model.go

@@ -0,0 +1,235 @@
+package glmocr
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"errors"
+	"image"
+	"slices"
+
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/fs"
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/kvcache"
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/ml"
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/model"
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/model/input"
+)
+
+type Model struct {
+	model.Base
+	model.BytePairEncoding
+
+	*TextModel
+	*VisionModel     `gguf:"v"`
+	VisionDownsample *VisionDownsample `gguf:"mm.patch_merger"`
+	PatchMerger      *PatchMerger      `gguf:"mm"`
+
+	ImageProcessor
+
+	imageTokenID      int32
+	imageStartTokenID int32
+	imageEndTokenID   int32
+}
+
+var _ model.MultimodalProcessor = (*Model)(nil)
+
+func New(c fs.Config) (model.Model, error) {
+	eosTokenID := int32(c.Uint("tokenizer.ggml.eos_token_id"))
+	eosTokenIDs := c.Ints("tokenizer.ggml.eos_token_ids")
+	allEOS := append([]int32{eosTokenID}, eosTokenIDs...)
+
+	m := &Model{
+		BytePairEncoding: model.NewBytePairEncoding(
+			&model.Vocabulary{
+				Values: c.Strings("tokenizer.ggml.tokens"),
+				Types:  c.Ints("tokenizer.ggml.token_type"),
+				Merges: c.Strings("tokenizer.ggml.merges"),
+				AddBOS: c.Bool("tokenizer.ggml.add_bos_token", false),
+				BOS:    []int32{int32(c.Uint("tokenizer.ggml.bos_token_id"))},
+				AddEOS: c.Bool("tokenizer.ggml.add_eos_token", false),
+				EOS:    allEOS,
+			},
+			`(?i:'s|'t|'re|'ve|'m|'ll|'d)|[^\r\n\p{L}\p{N}]?\p{L}+|\p{N}{1,3}| ?[^\s\p{L}\p{N}]+[\r\n]*|\s*[\r\n]+|\s+(?!\S)|\s+`,
+		),
+		TextModel:         newTextModel(c),
+		VisionModel:       newVisionModel(c),
+		ImageProcessor:    newImageProcessor(c),
+		imageTokenID:      int32(c.Uint("image_token_id", 59280)),
+		imageStartTokenID: int32(c.Uint("image_start_token_id", 59256)),
+		imageEndTokenID:   int32(c.Uint("image_end_token_id", 59257)),
+	}
+
+	m.Cache = kvcache.NewCausalCache(m.TextModel.Shift)
+
+	return m, nil
+}
+
+func (m *Model) EncodeMultimodal(ctx ml.Context, multimodalData []byte) ([]input.Multimodal, error) {
+	if len(m.VisionModel.Blocks) == 0 {
+		return nil, model.ErrNoVisionModel
+	}
+
+	img, _, err := image.Decode(bytes.NewReader(multimodalData))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	f32s, grid, err := m.ImageProcessor.ProcessImage(img)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	// Create pixel values tensor from flattened patches
+	// Shape: [patchDim, numPatches]
+	patchDim := m.VisionModel.numChannels * m.temporalPatchSize * m.patchSize * m.patchSize
+	numPatches := grid.Temporal * grid.Height * grid.Width
+	pixelValues := ctx.Input().FromFloats(f32s, patchDim, numPatches)
+
+	// Forward through vision encoder
+	visionOutputs := m.VisionModel.Forward(ctx, pixelValues, grid)
+
+	// Forward through downsample (patch merger)
+	if m.VisionDownsample == nil || m.VisionDownsample.Weight == nil {
+		return nil, errors.New("glmocr: missing vision downsample weights")
+	}
+	visionOutputs = m.VisionDownsample.Forward(ctx, visionOutputs, grid, m.VisionModel.VisionModelOptions)
+
+	// Forward through patch merger (FC + LayerNorm + GELU + SwiGLU FFN)
+	if m.PatchMerger == nil {
+		return nil, errors.New("glmocr: missing patch merger weights")
+	}
+	visionOutputs = m.PatchMerger.Forward(ctx, visionOutputs, m.VisionModel.VisionModelOptions)
+
+	return []input.Multimodal{{Tensor: visionOutputs, Data: grid}}, nil
+}
+
+func (m *Model) PostTokenize(inputs []*input.Input) ([]*input.Input, error) {
+	var result []*input.Input
+
+	// Reset position cache
+	m.TextModel.positionCache = m.TextModel.positionCache[:0]
+	m.TextModel.ropeDelta = 0
+
+	pos := int32(0)
+	for _, inp := range inputs {
+		if inp.Multimodal == nil {
+			result = append(result, inp)
+			m.TextModel.positionCache = append(m.TextModel.positionCache, pos)
+			pos++
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// Get grid info for position calculation
+		grid := inp.Multimodal[0].Data.(*Grid)
+		mergedH := grid.Height / m.VisionModel.spatialMergeSize
+		mergedW := grid.Width / m.VisionModel.spatialMergeSize
+
+		// Add image start token
+		result = append(result, &input.Input{Token: m.imageStartTokenID})
+		m.TextModel.positionCache = append(m.TextModel.positionCache, pos)
+		pos++
+
+		// Add image tokens with multimodal data
+		// All image tokens share the same base position for temporal dimension
+		tokensPerGrid := inp.Multimodal[0].Tensor.Dim(1)
+		basePos := pos
+		sameBatch := tokensPerGrid - 1
+		if sameBatch < 0 {
+			sameBatch = 0
+		}
+		result = append(result, &input.Input{
+			Token:          m.imageTokenID,
+			Multimodal:     inp.Multimodal,
+			MultimodalHash: inp.MultimodalHash,
+			SameBatch:      sameBatch,
+		})
+		m.TextModel.positionCache = append(m.TextModel.positionCache, basePos)
+
+		// Add placeholder tokens for remaining positions
+		// All image tokens use the same base position (temporal stays constant)
+		for range tokensPerGrid - 1 {
+			result = append(result, &input.Input{Token: m.imageTokenID})
+			m.TextModel.positionCache = append(m.TextModel.positionCache, basePos)
+		}
+
+		// Advance position by max(mergedH, mergedW) after image tokens
+		pos = basePos + int32(max(mergedH, mergedW))
+
+		// Add image end token
+		result = append(result, &input.Input{Token: m.imageEndTokenID})
+		m.TextModel.positionCache = append(m.TextModel.positionCache, pos)
+		pos++
+	}
+
+	// Compute rope delta for continuation after the prefill segment:
+	// delta = (max_position_id + 1) - sequence_length
+	if len(m.TextModel.positionCache) > 0 {
+		last := m.TextModel.positionCache[len(m.TextModel.positionCache)-1]
+		m.TextModel.ropeDelta = last + 1 - int32(len(m.TextModel.positionCache))
+	}
+
+	return result, nil
+}
+
+func (m *Model) Forward(ctx ml.Context, batch input.Batch) (ml.Tensor, error) {
+	// Initial token embedding
+	hiddenStates := m.TokenEmbedding.Forward(ctx, batch.Inputs).Duplicate(ctx)
+	ctx.Forward(hiddenStates)
+
+	// Build position slices for M-RoPE
+	positionSlice := func() [][]int32 {
+		s := [][]int32{
+			make([]int32, len(batch.Positions)), // temporal
+			make([]int32, len(batch.Positions)), // height
+			make([]int32, len(batch.Positions)), // width
+			make([]int32, len(batch.Positions)), // unused (zeros)
+		}
+		for i, position := range batch.Positions {
+			// Translate through position cache or continue sequence
+			if position < int32(len(m.TextModel.positionCache)) {
+				position = m.TextModel.positionCache[position]
+			} else if len(m.TextModel.positionCache) > 0 {
+				// Continue sequence after cached positions using ropeDelta
+				position = position + m.TextModel.ropeDelta
+			}
+
+			s[0][i] = position
+			s[1][i] = position
+			s[2][i] = position
+		}
+		return s
+	}()
+
+	// Inject vision embeddings and adjust positions for image tokens
+	for _, mi := range batch.Multimodal {
+		img := mi.Multimodal[0].Tensor
+		ctx.Forward(img.Copy(ctx, hiddenStates.View(ctx, mi.Index*hiddenStates.Stride(1), img.Dim(0)*img.Dim(1))))
+
+		if grid, ok := mi.Multimodal[0].Data.(*Grid); ok {
+			w := grid.Width / m.VisionModel.spatialMergeSize
+			for i := range img.Dim(1) {
+				positionSlice[1][mi.Index+i] += int32(i / w)
+				positionSlice[2][mi.Index+i] += int32(i % w)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	positions := ctx.Input().FromInts(slices.Concat(positionSlice...), len(positionSlice[0])*len(positionSlice))
+
+	// Process through transformer layers
+	for i, layer := range m.TextModel.Layers {
+		m.Cache.SetLayer(i)
+
+		var lastLayerOutputs ml.Tensor
+		if i == len(m.TextModel.Layers)-1 {
+			lastLayerOutputs = batch.Outputs
+		}
+
+		hiddenStates = layer.Forward(ctx, hiddenStates, positions, lastLayerOutputs, m.Cache, m.TextModel.TextModelOptions)
+	}
+
+	hiddenStates = m.OutputNorm.Forward(ctx, hiddenStates, m.TextModel.eps)
+	return m.Output.Forward(ctx, hiddenStates), nil
+}
+
+func init() {
+	model.Register("glmocr", New)
+}

model/models/glmocr/model_text.go

@@ -0,0 +1,190 @@
+package glmocr
+
+import (
+	"math"
+
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/fs"
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/kvcache"
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/ml"
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/ml/nn"
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/ml/nn/rope"
+)
+
+type TextModelOptions struct {
+	hiddenSize       int
+	numHeads         int
+	numKVHeads       int
+	headDim          int
+	rotaryDim        int
+	intermediateSize int
+	eps              float32
+	ropeBase         float32
+	mropeSections    []int
+}
+
+func (o *TextModelOptions) applyMRoPE(ctx ml.Context, states, positions ml.Tensor) ml.Tensor {
+	// With 4 sections for [temporal, height, width, unused]
+	return nn.RoPE(ctx, states, positions, o.rotaryDim, o.ropeBase, 1.0, rope.WithMRoPE(o.mropeSections))
+}
+
+type TextSelfAttention struct {
+	Query  *nn.Linear `gguf:"attn_q"`
+	Key    *nn.Linear `gguf:"attn_k"`
+	Value  *nn.Linear `gguf:"attn_v"`
+	Output *nn.Linear `gguf:"attn_out"`
+}
+
+func (sa *TextSelfAttention) Forward(ctx ml.Context, hiddenStates, positions ml.Tensor, cache kvcache.Cache, opts *TextModelOptions) ml.Tensor {
+	batchSize := hiddenStates.Dim(1)
+
+	// Separate Q, K, V projections
+	q := sa.Query.Forward(ctx, hiddenStates)
+	k := sa.Key.Forward(ctx, hiddenStates)
+	v := sa.Value.Forward(ctx, hiddenStates)
+
+	// Reshape for GQA
+	q = q.Reshape(ctx, opts.headDim, opts.numHeads, batchSize)
+	k = k.Reshape(ctx, opts.headDim, opts.numKVHeads, batchSize)
+	v = v.Reshape(ctx, opts.headDim, opts.numKVHeads, batchSize)
+
+	// Apply M-RoPE (multi-resolution rotary position embeddings)
+	q = opts.applyMRoPE(ctx, q, positions)
+	k = opts.applyMRoPE(ctx, k, positions)
+
+	// Scaled dot-product attention with KV cache
+	scaleFactor := 1.0 / math.Sqrt(float64(opts.headDim))
+	kqv := nn.Attention(ctx, q, k, v, scaleFactor, cache)
+	// Reshape attention output: [headDim, numHeads, batchSize] -> [numHeads*headDim, batchSize]
+	// Note: numHeads * headDim = 16 * 128 = 2048, which is the attention hidden size
+	kqv = kqv.Reshape(ctx, opts.numHeads*opts.headDim, batchSize)
+
+	return sa.Output.Forward(ctx, kqv)
+}
+
+type TextMLP struct {
+	Gate *nn.Linear `gguf:"ffn_gate"`
+	Up   *nn.Linear `gguf:"ffn_up"`
+	Down *nn.Linear `gguf:"ffn_down"`
+}
+
+func (mlp *TextMLP) Forward(ctx ml.Context, hiddenStates ml.Tensor, opts *TextModelOptions) ml.Tensor {
+	// SwiGLU: down(silu(gate(x)) * up(x))
+	gate := mlp.Gate.Forward(ctx, hiddenStates).SILU(ctx, mlp.Up.Forward(ctx, hiddenStates))
+	return mlp.Down.Forward(ctx, gate)
+}
+
+type TextDecoderLayer struct {
+	// Input layernorm (before attention)
+	AttentionNorm *nn.RMSNorm `gguf:"attn_norm"`
+	SelfAttention *TextSelfAttention
+	// Post self-attention layernorm (after attention, before residual add)
+	PostAttnNorm *nn.RMSNorm `gguf:"post_attn_norm"`
+
+	// FFN input layernorm (after first residual, before MLP)
+	FFNNorm *nn.RMSNorm `gguf:"ffn_norm"`
+	MLP     *TextMLP
+	// Post MLP layernorm (after MLP, before residual add)
+	PostFFNNorm *nn.RMSNorm `gguf:"post_ffn_norm"`
+}
+
+func (l *TextDecoderLayer) Forward(ctx ml.Context, hiddenStates, positions, outputs ml.Tensor, cache kvcache.Cache, opts *TextModelOptions) ml.Tensor {
+	// Attention block
+	residual := hiddenStates
+	hiddenStates = l.AttentionNorm.Forward(ctx, hiddenStates, opts.eps)
+	hiddenStates = l.SelfAttention.Forward(ctx, hiddenStates, positions, cache, opts)
+	hiddenStates = l.PostAttnNorm.Forward(ctx, hiddenStates, opts.eps)
+
+	// Prune to output positions in final layer
+	if outputs != nil {
+		hiddenStates = hiddenStates.Rows(ctx, outputs)
+		residual = residual.Rows(ctx, outputs)
+	}
+
+	hiddenStates = hiddenStates.Add(ctx, residual)
+
+	// MLP block
+	residual = hiddenStates
+	hiddenStates = l.FFNNorm.Forward(ctx, hiddenStates, opts.eps)
+	hiddenStates = l.MLP.Forward(ctx, hiddenStates, opts)
+	hiddenStates = l.PostFFNNorm.Forward(ctx, hiddenStates, opts.eps)
+	hiddenStates = hiddenStates.Add(ctx, residual)
+
+	return hiddenStates
+}
+
+type TextModel struct {
+	TokenEmbedding *nn.Embedding      `gguf:"token_embd"`
+	Layers         []TextDecoderLayer `gguf:"blk"`
+	OutputNorm     *nn.RMSNorm        `gguf:"output_norm"`
+	Output         *nn.Linear         `gguf:"output,alt:token_embd"`
+
+	*TextModelOptions
+
+	// positionCache stores the M-RoPE position for each token in the sequence.
+	// This is needed because image tokens share the same base position but have
+	// different height/width offsets, and the end token position depends on the
+	// image grid dimensions.
+	positionCache []int32
+	ropeDelta     int32
+}
+
+func (m *TextModel) Shift(ctx ml.Context, layer int, key, shift ml.Tensor) (ml.Tensor, error) {
+	// Clear position cache when KV cache shifts
+	m.positionCache = nil
+	m.ropeDelta = 0
+	return m.applyMRoPE(ctx, key, shift), nil
+}
+
+func newTextModel(c fs.Config) *TextModel {
+	hiddenSize := int(c.Uint("embedding_length", 1536))
+	numHeads := int(c.Uint("attention.head_count", 16))
+	numKVHeads := int(c.Uint("attention.head_count_kv", 8))
+	intermediateSize := int(c.Uint("feed_forward_length", 4608))
+	eps := c.Float("attention.layer_norm_rms_epsilon", 1e-5)
+	ropeBase := c.Float("rope.freq_base", 10000)
+
+	headDim := int(c.Uint("attention.key_length", uint32(hiddenSize/numHeads)))
+	ropeDim := int(c.Uint("rope.dimension_count", uint32(headDim)))
+	if ropeDim <= 0 {
+		ropeDim = headDim
+	}
+
+	mropeSections := c.Ints("rope.mrope_section")
+	var sectionInts []int
+
+	if len(mropeSections) > 0 {
+		sectionInts = make([]int, len(mropeSections))
+		for i, section := range mropeSections {
+			sectionInts[i] = int(section)
+		}
+	} else {
+		// Default to GLM-OCR's HF ratio (2:3:3) scaled to rotaryDim/2.
+		// For rotaryDim=64 this yields [8, 12, 12].
+		total := ropeDim / 2
+		if total <= 0 {
+			total = 32
+		}
+		s0 := total * 2 / 8
+		s1 := total * 3 / 8
+		s2 := total - s0 - s1
+		sectionInts = []int{s0, s1, s2}
+	}
+
+	// GGML rope_multi: sector = (dim_pair) % sum(sections), mapping each pair to its position dim
+	rotaryDim := ropeDim
+
+	return &TextModel{
+		Layers: make([]TextDecoderLayer, c.Uint("block_count", 16)),
+		TextModelOptions: &TextModelOptions{
+			hiddenSize:       hiddenSize,
+			numHeads:         numHeads,
+			numKVHeads:       numKVHeads,
+			headDim:          headDim,
+			rotaryDim:        rotaryDim,
+			intermediateSize: intermediateSize,
+			eps:              eps,
+			ropeBase:         ropeBase,
+			mropeSections:    sectionInts,
+		},
+	}
+}

model/models/glmocr/model_vision.go

@@ -0,0 +1,355 @@
+package glmocr
+
+import (
+	"log/slog"
+	"math"
+	"slices"
+
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/fs"
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/ml"
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/ml/nn"
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/ml/nn/rope"
+)
+
+type Grid struct {
+	Height      int // Number of patches in height direction
+	Width       int // Number of patches in width direction
+	Temporal    int
+	ImageHeight int // Full image height in pixels
+	ImageWidth  int // Full image width in pixels
+}
+
+type VisionModelOptions struct {
+	hiddenSize        int
+	numHeads          int
+	headDim           int
+	numChannels       int
+	patchSize         int
+	temporalPatchSize int
+	imageSize         int
+	spatialMergeSize  int
+	outHiddenSize     int
+	intermediateSize  int
+	eps               float32
+}
+
+type VisionPatchEmbed struct {
+	Proj  *nn.Conv2D `gguf:"patch_embd_0"`
+	Proj1 *nn.Conv2D `gguf:"patch_embd_1"`
+	Bias  ml.Tensor  `gguf:"patch_embd.bias"`
+}
+
+func (pe *VisionPatchEmbed) Forward(ctx ml.Context, pixelValues ml.Tensor, grid *Grid, opts *VisionModelOptions) ml.Tensor {
+	_ = grid // patches are already in merge-block order
+
+	// pixelValues shape: [patchDim, numPatches]
+	numPatches := pixelValues.Shape()[1]
+
+	// Reshape to [patchSize*patchSize, temporalPatchSize, numChannels, numPatches]
+	pixelValues = pixelValues.Reshape(ctx, opts.patchSize*opts.patchSize, opts.temporalPatchSize, opts.numChannels, numPatches)
+	// Permute to [temporalPatchSize, patchSize*patchSize, numChannels, numPatches]
+	pixelValues = pixelValues.Permute(ctx, 1, 0, 2, 3).Contiguous(ctx)
+
+	// Slice temporal frames for Conv2D (simulate Conv3D)
+	in0 := pixelValues.View(ctx, 0, 1, pixelValues.Stride(1), pixelValues.Dim(1), pixelValues.Stride(2), pixelValues.Dim(2), pixelValues.Stride(3), pixelValues.Dim(3)).Contiguous(ctx)
+	in0 = in0.Reshape(ctx, opts.patchSize, opts.patchSize, opts.numChannels, numPatches)
+
+	s0, s1 := opts.patchSize, opts.patchSize
+	p0, p1 := 0, 0
+	d0, d1 := 1, 1
+	hiddenStates := pe.Proj.Forward(ctx, in0, s0, s1, p0, p1, d0, d1)
+
+	if pe.Proj1 != nil && opts.temporalPatchSize > 1 {
+		in1 := pixelValues.View(ctx, pixelValues.Stride(0), 1, pixelValues.Stride(1), pixelValues.Dim(1), pixelValues.Stride(2), pixelValues.Dim(2), pixelValues.Stride(3), pixelValues.Dim(3)).Contiguous(ctx)
+		in1 = in1.Reshape(ctx, opts.patchSize, opts.patchSize, opts.numChannels, numPatches)
+		out1 := pe.Proj1.Forward(ctx, in1, s0, s1, p0, p1, d0, d1)
+		hiddenStates = hiddenStates.Add(ctx, out1)
+	}
+
+	// Flatten to [hidden_size, num_patches]
+	hiddenStates = hiddenStates.Reshape(ctx, opts.hiddenSize, numPatches)
+
+	// Add patch bias - reshape from [hidden_size] to [hidden_size, 1] for broadcasting
+	if pe.Bias != nil {
+		hiddenStates = hiddenStates.Add(ctx, pe.Bias.Reshape(ctx, opts.hiddenSize, 1))
+	}
+
+	return hiddenStates
+}
+
+type VisionSelfAttention struct {
+	QKV    *nn.Linear  `gguf:"attn_qkv"`
+	QNorm  *nn.RMSNorm `gguf:"attn_q_norm"`
+	KNorm  *nn.RMSNorm `gguf:"attn_k_norm"`
+	Output *nn.Linear  `gguf:"attn_out"`
+}
+
+func (sa *VisionSelfAttention) Forward(ctx ml.Context, hiddenStates, positions ml.Tensor, opts *VisionModelOptions) ml.Tensor {
+	batchSize := hiddenStates.Dim(1)
+
+	// Combined QKV projection: [3*hidden_size, batch_size]
+	qkv := sa.QKV.Forward(ctx, hiddenStates)
+
+	// Split using ChunkSections along dim 0 (handles byte offsets correctly)
+	// ChunkSections returns views - must make contiguous before further operations
+	chunks := qkv.ChunkSections(ctx, 0, opts.hiddenSize, opts.hiddenSize, opts.hiddenSize)
+	q := chunks[0].Contiguous(ctx)
+	k := chunks[1].Contiguous(ctx)
+	v := chunks[2].Contiguous(ctx)
+
+	// Reshape for multi-head attention: [hiddenSize, N] -> [headDim, numHeads, N]
+	q = q.Reshape(ctx, opts.headDim, opts.numHeads, batchSize)
+	k = k.Reshape(ctx, opts.headDim, opts.numHeads, batchSize)
+	v = v.Reshape(ctx, opts.headDim, opts.numHeads, batchSize)
+
+	// Apply Q-norm and K-norm after head reshape
+	// Weights are [headDim]=64, tensor is [headDim, numHeads, N]
+	q = sa.QNorm.Forward(ctx, q, opts.eps)
+	k = sa.KNorm.Forward(ctx, k, opts.eps)
+
+	// Apply rotary position embeddings with vision-style 2D positions.
+	// ggml's vision RoPE uses two position dimensions (H/W) with half-rotation pairs.
+	// We provide H/W sections and leave the remaining sections empty.
+	ropeFreqBase := float32(10000.0)
+	section := opts.headDim / 4
+	if section <= 0 {
+		section = 1
+	}
+	sections := []int{section, section, 0, 0}
+	q = nn.RoPE(ctx, q, positions, opts.headDim/2, ropeFreqBase, 1.0, rope.WithVision(sections))
+	k = nn.RoPE(ctx, k, positions, opts.headDim/2, ropeFreqBase, 1.0, rope.WithVision(sections))
+
+	// Scale factor for scaled dot-product attention
+	scale := 1.0 / math.Sqrt(float64(opts.headDim))
+
+	// Try flash attention first (ScaledDotProductAttention), fall back to manual
+	if sdpa, ok := q.(ml.ScaledDotProductAttention); ok {
+		attention := sdpa.ScaledDotProductAttention(ctx, k, v, nil, nil, nil, scale, false)
+		attention = attention.Reshape(ctx, opts.hiddenSize, batchSize)
+		return sa.Output.Forward(ctx, attention)
+	}
+
+	slog.Warn("glmocr: vision attention falling back to manual attention",
+		"batchSize", batchSize, "numHeads", opts.numHeads,
+		"hint", "set OLLAMA_FLASH_ATTENTION=1 to enable flash attention")
+
+	// Manual attention fallback
+	// q, k, v are [headDim, numHeads, batchSize] - GGML treats as 4D with implicit dim 3 = 1
+	q = q.Permute(ctx, 0, 2, 1, 3)
+	k = k.Permute(ctx, 0, 2, 1, 3)
+	v = v.Permute(ctx, 1, 2, 0, 3).Contiguous(ctx)
+
+	// Attention scores
+	kq := k.MulmatFullPrec(ctx, q)
+	kq = kq.Scale(ctx, scale)
+	kq = kq.Softmax(ctx)
+
+	// Attention output: v @ kq (note: v first)
+	kqv := v.Mulmat(ctx, kq)
+	attention := kqv.Permute(ctx, 0, 2, 1, 3).Contiguous(ctx)
+	attention = attention.Reshape(ctx, opts.hiddenSize, batchSize)
+
+	return sa.Output.Forward(ctx, attention)
+}
+
+type VisionMLP struct {
+	Gate *nn.Linear `gguf:"ffn_gate"`
+	Up   *nn.Linear `gguf:"ffn_up"`
+	Down *nn.Linear `gguf:"ffn_down"`
+}
+
+func (mlp *VisionMLP) Forward(ctx ml.Context, hiddenStates ml.Tensor) ml.Tensor {
+	// SwiGLU: down(silu(gate(x)) * up(x))
+	gate := mlp.Gate.Forward(ctx, hiddenStates).SILU(ctx, mlp.Up.Forward(ctx, hiddenStates))
+	return mlp.Down.Forward(ctx, gate)
+}
+
+type VisionBlock struct {
+	Norm1         *nn.RMSNorm `gguf:"ln1"`
+	SelfAttention *VisionSelfAttention
+	Norm2         *nn.RMSNorm `gguf:"ln2"`
+	MLP           *VisionMLP
+}
+
+func (b *VisionBlock) Forward(ctx ml.Context, hiddenStates, positions ml.Tensor, opts *VisionModelOptions) ml.Tensor {
+	// Pre-norm architecture
+	residual := hiddenStates
+	hiddenStates = b.Norm1.Forward(ctx, hiddenStates, opts.eps)
+	hiddenStates = b.SelfAttention.Forward(ctx, hiddenStates, positions, opts)
+	hiddenStates = hiddenStates.Add(ctx, residual)
+
+	residual = hiddenStates
+	hiddenStates = b.Norm2.Forward(ctx, hiddenStates, opts.eps)
+	hiddenStates = b.MLP.Forward(ctx, hiddenStates)
+	hiddenStates = hiddenStates.Add(ctx, residual)
+
+	return hiddenStates
+}
+
+type VisionDownsample struct {
+	*nn.Conv2D
+}
+
+func (d *VisionDownsample) Forward(ctx ml.Context, hiddenStates ml.Tensor, grid *Grid, opts *VisionModelOptions) ml.Tensor {
+	// Apply spatial downsampling via Conv2D
+	// Input: [hidden_size, num_patches] where patches are in merge-block order
+
+	if d.Conv2D == nil || d.Weight == nil {
+		slog.Error("VisionDownsample weights not loaded - model may be corrupted or incompatible")
+		return hiddenStates // Return input unchanged as fallback
+	}
+
+	merge := opts.spatialMergeSize
+	numOutputTokens := (grid.Height / merge) * (grid.Width / merge)
+
+	// Step 1: Reshape to [hidden_size, merge, merge, num_output_tokens]
+	hiddenStates = hiddenStates.Reshape(ctx, opts.hiddenSize, merge, merge, numOutputTokens)
+
+	// Step 2: Permute to [merge, merge, hidden_size, num_output_tokens]
+	// ggml semantics: result.ne[perm[i]] = input.ne[i]
+	// So permute(2,0,1,3) on [1024,2,2,N] gives: ne[2]=1024, ne[0]=2, ne[1]=2, ne[3]=N -> [2,2,1024,N]
+	hiddenStates = hiddenStates.Permute(ctx, 2, 0, 1, 3).Contiguous(ctx)
+
+	// Step 3: Apply Conv2D without bias (bias added after reshape)
+	// Note: ggml_conv_2d takes (kernel, input) - kernel must be receiver in ollama
+	s0, s1 := merge, merge
+	p0, p1 := 0, 0
+	d0, d1 := 1, 1
+	hiddenStates = d.Weight.Conv2D(ctx, hiddenStates, s0, s1, p0, p1, d0, d1)
+
+	// Step 4: Reshape to [out_hidden_size, num_output_tokens]
+	hiddenStates = hiddenStates.Reshape(ctx, opts.outHiddenSize, numOutputTokens)
+
+	// Step 5: Add bias after reshape
+	// Reshape bias from [out_hidden_size] to [out_hidden_size, 1] for proper broadcasting
+	if d.Bias != nil {
+		hiddenStates = hiddenStates.Add(ctx, d.Bias.Reshape(ctx, opts.outHiddenSize, 1))
+	}
+
+	return hiddenStates
+}
+
+type PatchMerger struct {
+	// GGUF tags align with mm.* keys used by the model
+	Proj     *nn.Linear    `gguf:"model.fc"`  // mm.model.fc.weight
+	PostLN   *nn.LayerNorm `gguf:"post_norm"` // mm.post_norm.weight/bias
+	GateProj *nn.Linear    `gguf:"gate"`      // mm.gate.weight
+	UpProj   *nn.Linear    `gguf:"up"`        // mm.up.weight
+	DownProj *nn.Linear    `gguf:"down"`      // mm.down.weight
+}
+
+func (m *PatchMerger) Forward(ctx ml.Context, hiddenStates ml.Tensor, opts *VisionModelOptions) ml.Tensor {
+	// Linear projection
+	hiddenStates = m.Proj.Forward(ctx, hiddenStates)
+
+	// Post-projection layer norm + GELU ERF
+	hiddenStates = m.PostLN.Forward(ctx, hiddenStates, opts.eps)
+	hiddenStates = hiddenStates.GELU_ERF(ctx)
+	// Force a copy to avoid in-place mutation issues with GELU_ERF
+	hiddenStates = hiddenStates.Contiguous(ctx)
+
+	// SwiGLU MLP: down(silu(gate(x)) * up(x))
+	gateOut := m.GateProj.Forward(ctx, hiddenStates)
+	upOut := m.UpProj.Forward(ctx, hiddenStates)
+	gate := gateOut.SILU(ctx, upOut)
+	return m.DownProj.Forward(ctx, gate)
+}
+
+type VisionModel struct {
+	PatchEmbed *VisionPatchEmbed
+	Blocks     []VisionBlock `gguf:"blk"`
+	PostLN     *nn.RMSNorm   `gguf:"post_ln"`
+	// Note: Downsample is applied at the model level so mm.patch_merger stays separate
+
+	*VisionModelOptions
+}
+
+func (m *VisionModel) Forward(ctx ml.Context, pixelValues ml.Tensor, grid *Grid) ml.Tensor {
+	// Extract patch embeddings from flattened patches
+	hiddenStates := m.PatchEmbed.Forward(ctx, pixelValues, grid, m.VisionModelOptions)
+
+	// Create position IDs for RoPE (spatial grid)
+	// Patches are already in merge-block order from preprocessing
+	positions := m.createPositions(ctx, grid)
+
+	// Process through vision blocks
+	for _, block := range m.Blocks {
+		hiddenStates = block.Forward(ctx, hiddenStates, positions, m.VisionModelOptions)
+	}
+
+	// Post-layernorm
+	hiddenStates = m.PostLN.Forward(ctx, hiddenStates, m.eps)
+
+	// Note: Downsample is now applied separately in Model.EncodeMultimodal
+	// so mm.patch_merger remains a distinct module
+
+	return hiddenStates
+}
+
+func (m *VisionModel) createPositions(ctx ml.Context, grid *Grid) ml.Tensor {
+	// Create spatial position IDs for vision RoPE
+	// Position layout: [height, width, height, width] - 4 sections for mrope
+	// Patches are in MERGE-BLOCK order after VisionPatchEmbed interleaving
+	// This follows the GLM-OCR rot_pos_emb layout
+	numPatches := grid.Height * grid.Width
+	mergeRatio := m.spatialMergeSize
+
+	// Build position arrays in merge-block order
+	// Each merge_ratio x merge_ratio block of patches is grouped together
+	hpos := make([]int32, numPatches)
+	wpos := make([]int32, numPatches)
+	ptr := 0
+	for y := 0; y < grid.Height; y += mergeRatio {
+		for x := 0; x < grid.Width; x += mergeRatio {
+			for dy := range mergeRatio {
+				for dx := range mergeRatio {
+					hpos[ptr] = int32(y + dy)
+					wpos[ptr] = int32(x + dx)
+					ptr++
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Build position arrays for 4 sections (mrope). ggml vision RoPE uses only H/W;
+	// keep remaining sections zeroed to match its conventions.
+	zeros := make([]int32, numPatches)
+	s := [][]int32{
+		hpos,  // Section 0: height
+		wpos,  // Section 1: width
+		zeros, // Section 2: unused
+		zeros, // Section 3: unused
+	}
+
+	return ctx.Input().FromInts(slices.Concat(s...), numPatches*4)
+}
+
+func newVisionModel(c fs.Config) *VisionModel {
+	hiddenSize := int(c.Uint("vision.embedding_length", 1024))
+	numHeads := int(c.Uint("vision.attention.head_count", 16))
+	numChannels := int(c.Uint("vision.num_channels", 3))
+	patchSize := int(c.Uint("vision.patch_size", 14))
+	temporalPatchSize := int(c.Uint("vision.temporal_patch_size", 2))
+	imageSize := int(c.Uint("vision.image_size", 336))
+	spatialMergeSize := int(c.Uint("vision.spatial_merge_size", 2))
+	outHiddenSize := int(c.Uint("vision.out_hidden_size", 1536))
+	intermediateSize := int(c.Uint("vision.intermediate_size", 4096))
+	eps := c.Float("vision.attention.layer_norm_rms_epsilon", 1e-5)
+
+	return &VisionModel{
+		Blocks: make([]VisionBlock, c.Uint("vision.block_count", 24)),
+		VisionModelOptions: &VisionModelOptions{
+			hiddenSize:        hiddenSize,
+			numHeads:          numHeads,
+			headDim:           hiddenSize / numHeads,
+			numChannels:       numChannels,
+			patchSize:         patchSize,
+			temporalPatchSize: temporalPatchSize,
+			imageSize:         imageSize,
+			spatialMergeSize:  spatialMergeSize,
+			outHiddenSize:     outHiddenSize,
+			intermediateSize:  intermediateSize,
+			eps:               eps,
+		},
+	}
+}

model/models/models.go

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import (
 	_ "github.com/ollama/ollama/model/models/gemma3"
 	_ "github.com/ollama/ollama/model/models/gemma3n"
 	_ "github.com/ollama/ollama/model/models/glm4moelite"
+	_ "github.com/ollama/ollama/model/models/glmocr"
 	_ "github.com/ollama/ollama/model/models/gptoss"
 	_ "github.com/ollama/ollama/model/models/lfm2"
 	_ "github.com/ollama/ollama/model/models/llama"

model/parsers/glmocr.go

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+package parsers
+
+import "github.com/ollama/ollama/api"
+
+// GlmOcrParser is the GLM46 parser with thinking disabled.
+type GlmOcrParser struct {
+	GLM46Parser
+}
+
+func (p *GlmOcrParser) HasThinkingSupport() bool {
+	return false
+}
+
+func (p *GlmOcrParser) Init(tools []api.Tool, _ *api.Message, _ *api.ThinkValue) []api.Tool {
+	p.tools = tools
+	return tools
+}

model/parsers/ministral.go

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import (
 	"encoding/json"
 	"fmt"
 	"strings"
+	"unicode"
 
 	"github.com/ollama/ollama/api"
 )
@@ -17,12 +18,34 @@ const (
 	ministralCollectingToolArgs
 )
 
+// ministralEvent represents an event emitted during parsing
+type ministralEvent interface {
+	isMinistralEvent()
+}
+
+type ministralEventContent struct {
+	content string
+}
+
+type ministralEventThinking struct {
+	thinking string
+}
+
+type ministralEventToolCall struct {
+	name string
+	args string // raw JSON string
+}
+
+func (ministralEventContent) isMinistralEvent()  {}
+func (ministralEventThinking) isMinistralEvent() {}
+func (ministralEventToolCall) isMinistralEvent() {}
+
 type MinistralParser struct {
 	state              ministralParserState
 	buffer             strings.Builder
 	tools              []api.Tool
 	hasThinkingSupport bool
-	currentTool        *api.Tool
+	pendingToolName    string // stores tool name while collecting args
 }
 
 func (p *MinistralParser) HasToolSupport() bool {
@@ -63,74 +86,251 @@ func toolByName(tools []api.Tool, n string) (*api.Tool, error) {
 	return nil, fmt.Errorf("tool '%s' not found", n)
 }
 
-func (p *MinistralParser) Add(s string, done bool) (content string, thinking string, calls []api.ToolCall, err error) {
-	p.buffer.WriteString(s)
+const (
+	ministralToolCallsTag = "[TOOL_CALLS]"
+	ministralThinkTag     = "[THINK]"
+	ministralThinkEndTag  = "[/THINK]"
+	ministralArgsTag      = "[ARGS]"
+)
+
+// eat consumes the parser's buffer, and returns a list of any unambiguous
+// events from the current parser state. The second return value indicates
+// whether to keep looping (true when state transitions, false when waiting
+// for more data).
+func (p *MinistralParser) eat() ([]ministralEvent, bool) {
+	var events []ministralEvent
 
 	switch p.state {
 	case ministralCollectingContent:
-		if strings.Contains(p.buffer.String(), "[TOOL_CALLS]") {
-			before, _ := splitAtTag(&p.buffer, "[TOOL_CALLS]", false)
-			if before != "" {
-				return before, "", calls, nil
+		bufStr := p.buffer.String()
+
+		// Check for [TOOL_CALLS] tag
+		if strings.Contains(bufStr, ministralToolCallsTag) {
+			split := strings.SplitN(bufStr, ministralToolCallsTag, 2)
+			before := strings.TrimRightFunc(split[0], unicode.IsSpace)
+			if len(before) > 0 {
+				events = append(events, ministralEventContent{content: before})
 			}
+			after := split[1]
+			p.buffer.Reset()
+			p.buffer.WriteString(after)
 			p.state = ministralCollectingToolName
-		} else if strings.Contains(p.buffer.String(), "[THINK]") {
+			return events, true
+		}
+
+		// Check for [THINK] tag
+		if strings.Contains(bufStr, ministralThinkTag) {
+			split := strings.SplitN(bufStr, ministralThinkTag, 2)
+			before := strings.TrimRightFunc(split[0], unicode.IsSpace)
+			if len(before) > 0 {
+				events = append(events, ministralEventContent{content: before})
+			}
+			after := split[1]
+			p.buffer.Reset()
+			p.buffer.WriteString(after)
 			p.state = ministralCollectingThinkingContent
-			return "", "", calls, nil
-		} else {
-			p.buffer.Reset()
-			return s, "", calls, nil
+			return events, true
 		}
+
+		// Check for partial tag overlap with [TOOL_CALLS] or [THINK]
+		overlapToolCalls := overlap(bufStr, ministralToolCallsTag)
+		overlapThink := overlap(bufStr, ministralThinkTag)
+		maxOverlap := max(overlapToolCalls, overlapThink)
+
+		if maxOverlap > 0 {
+			// Withhold the potential partial tag
+			beforePartialTag := bufStr[:len(bufStr)-maxOverlap]
+			trailingWS := trailingWhitespaceLen(beforePartialTag)
+			ambiguousStart := len(beforePartialTag) - trailingWS
+			unambiguous := bufStr[:ambiguousStart]
+			ambiguous := bufStr[ambiguousStart:]
+			p.buffer.Reset()
+			p.buffer.WriteString(ambiguous)
+			if len(unambiguous) > 0 {
+				events = append(events, ministralEventContent{content: unambiguous})
+			}
+			return events, false
+		}
+
+		// No tag found: emit content but withhold trailing whitespace
+		whitespaceLen := trailingWhitespaceLen(bufStr)
+		ambiguousStart := len(bufStr) - whitespaceLen
+		unambiguous := bufStr[:ambiguousStart]
+		ambiguous := bufStr[ambiguousStart:]
+		p.buffer.Reset()
+		p.buffer.WriteString(ambiguous)
+		if len(unambiguous) > 0 {
+			events = append(events, ministralEventContent{content: unambiguous})
+		}
+		return events, false
+
 	case ministralCollectingThinkingContent:
-		if strings.Contains(p.buffer.String(), "[/THINK]") {
-			thinkingContent, after := splitAtTag(&p.buffer, "[/THINK]", true)
-			p.state = ministralCollectingContent
-			if after != "" {
-				p.buffer.Reset()
-				return after, thinkingContent, calls, nil
-			}
-			return "", thinkingContent, calls, nil
-		} else {
+		bufStr := p.buffer.String()
+
+		if strings.Contains(bufStr, ministralThinkEndTag) {
+			split := strings.SplitN(bufStr, ministralThinkEndTag, 2)
+			thinkingContent := split[0]
+			after := strings.TrimLeftFunc(split[1], unicode.IsSpace)
 			p.buffer.Reset()
-			return "", s, calls, nil
-		}
-	case ministralCollectingToolName:
-		if strings.Contains(p.buffer.String(), "[ARGS]") {
-			name, _ := splitAtTag(&p.buffer, "[ARGS]", false)
-
-			t, err := toolByName(p.tools, name)
-			if err != nil {
-				return "", "", calls, err
+			p.buffer.WriteString(after)
+			if len(thinkingContent) > 0 {
+				events = append(events, ministralEventThinking{thinking: thinkingContent})
 			}
-			p.currentTool = t
-			p.state = ministralCollectingToolArgs
-			return "", "", calls, nil
-		}
-		return "", "", calls, nil
-	case ministralCollectingToolArgs:
-		if strings.Contains(p.buffer.String(), "}") {
-			before, _ := splitAtTag(&p.buffer, "}", false)
-			before += "}"
-
-			var args api.ToolCallFunctionArguments
-			if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(before), &args); err != nil {
-				// todo - throw a better error
-				return "", "", calls, err
-			}
-
 			p.state = ministralCollectingContent
+			return events, true
+		}
 
-			call := api.ToolCall{
+		// Check for partial overlap with [/THINK]
+		if overlapLen := overlap(bufStr, ministralThinkEndTag); overlapLen > 0 {
+			unambiguous := bufStr[:len(bufStr)-overlapLen]
+			ambiguous := bufStr[len(bufStr)-overlapLen:]
+			p.buffer.Reset()
+			p.buffer.WriteString(ambiguous)
+			if len(unambiguous) > 0 {
+				events = append(events, ministralEventThinking{thinking: unambiguous})
+			}
+			return events, false
+		}
+
+		// No tag found: emit all thinking content
+		p.buffer.Reset()
+		if len(bufStr) > 0 {
+			events = append(events, ministralEventThinking{thinking: bufStr})
+		}
+		return events, false
+
+	case ministralCollectingToolName:
+		bufStr := p.buffer.String()
+
+		if strings.Contains(bufStr, ministralArgsTag) {
+			split := strings.SplitN(bufStr, ministralArgsTag, 2)
+			toolName := split[0]
+			after := split[1]
+			p.pendingToolName = toolName
+			p.buffer.Reset()
+			p.buffer.WriteString(after)
+			p.state = ministralCollectingToolArgs
+			return events, true
+		}
+		// Wait for more data
+		return events, false
+
+	case ministralCollectingToolArgs:
+		bufStr := p.buffer.String()
+		jsonEnd := findJSONEnd(bufStr)
+
+		if jsonEnd != -1 {
+			jsonStr := bufStr[:jsonEnd+1]
+			remaining := bufStr[jsonEnd+1:]
+
+			events = append(events, ministralEventToolCall{
+				name: p.pendingToolName,
+				args: jsonStr,
+			})
+
+			p.pendingToolName = ""
+			p.buffer.Reset()
+			p.buffer.WriteString(remaining)
+			p.state = ministralCollectingContent
+			return events, true
+		}
+		// Wait for more data
+		return events, false
+
+	default:
+		panic("unexpected ministral event")
+	}
+}
+
+// parseEvents loops calling eat() until it returns false
+func (p *MinistralParser) parseEvents() []ministralEvent {
+	var all []ministralEvent
+	keepLooping := true
+	for keepLooping {
+		var events []ministralEvent
+		events, keepLooping = p.eat()
+		all = append(all, events...)
+	}
+	return all
+}
+
+func (p *MinistralParser) Add(s string, done bool) (content string, thinking string, calls []api.ToolCall, err error) {
+	p.buffer.WriteString(s)
+
+	events := p.parseEvents()
+
+	var contentBuilder, thinkingBuilder strings.Builder
+	var toolCalls []api.ToolCall
+
+	for _, event := range events {
+		switch e := event.(type) {
+		case ministralEventContent:
+			contentBuilder.WriteString(e.content)
+		case ministralEventThinking:
+			thinkingBuilder.WriteString(e.thinking)
+		case ministralEventToolCall:
+			// Validate tool exists
+			tool, toolErr := toolByName(p.tools, e.name)
+			if toolErr != nil {
+				return contentBuilder.String(), thinkingBuilder.String(), toolCalls, toolErr
+			}
+			// Parse JSON arguments
+			var args api.ToolCallFunctionArguments
+			if jsonErr := json.Unmarshal([]byte(e.args), &args); jsonErr != nil {
+				return contentBuilder.String(), thinkingBuilder.String(), toolCalls, jsonErr
+			}
+			toolCalls = append(toolCalls, api.ToolCall{
 				Function: api.ToolCallFunction{
-					Name:      p.currentTool.Function.Name,
+					Name:      tool.Function.Name,
 					Arguments: args,
 				},
-			}
-			calls = append(calls, call)
-			return "", "", calls, nil
+			})
 		}
-		return "", "", calls, nil
 	}
 
-	return p.buffer.String(), thinking, calls, nil
+	return contentBuilder.String(), thinkingBuilder.String(), toolCalls, nil
+}
+
+// findJSONEnd finds the index of the closing brace that completes a JSON object.
+// It properly handles nested objects, arrays, and strings (including escaped characters).
+// Returns -1 if the JSON is not yet complete.
+func findJSONEnd(s string) int {
+	depth := 0
+	inString := false
+	escaped := false
+
+	for i, r := range s {
+		if inString {
+			switch {
+			case escaped:
+				// If the previous character was a backslash, skip this character
+				escaped = false
+			case r == '\\':
+				// Mark the next character as escaped
+				escaped = true
+			case r == '"':
+				// End of string literal
+				inString = false
+			}
+			continue
+		}
+
+		switch r {
+		case '"':
+			// Start of string literal
+			inString = true
+		case '{', '[':
+			// Increase nesting level for objects and arrays
+			depth++
+		case '}', ']':
+			// Decrease nesting level
+			depth--
+			if depth == 0 {
+				// Reached the end of the root JSON structure
+				return i
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return -1
 }

model/parsers/ministral_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,545 @@
+package parsers
+
+import (
+	"reflect"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/api"
+)
+
+func TestMinistralParserStreaming(t *testing.T) {
+	type step struct {
+		input      string
+		wantEvents []ministralEvent
+	}
+
+	cases := []struct {
+		desc  string
+		tools []api.Tool
+		steps []step
+		think bool // whether to enable thinking support
+	}{
+		// Content streaming
+		{
+			desc: "simple content",
+			steps: []step{
+				{input: "Hello, how can I help you?", wantEvents: []ministralEvent{
+					ministralEventContent{content: "Hello, how can I help you?"},
+				}},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			desc: "streaming content word by word",
+			steps: []step{
+				{input: "Hello,", wantEvents: []ministralEvent{ministralEventContent{content: "Hello,"}}},
+				{input: " how", wantEvents: []ministralEvent{ministralEventContent{content: " how"}}},
+				{input: " can I help?", wantEvents: []ministralEvent{ministralEventContent{content: " can I help?"}}},
+			},
+		},
+
+		// Simple tool calls
+		{
+			desc:  "simple tool call",
+			tools: []api.Tool{{Function: api.ToolFunction{Name: "get_weather"}}},
+			steps: []step{
+				{input: `[TOOL_CALLS]get_weather[ARGS]{"location": "San Francisco"}`, wantEvents: []ministralEvent{
+					ministralEventToolCall{name: "get_weather", args: `{"location": "San Francisco"}`},
+				}},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			desc:  "tool call with nested object",
+			tools: []api.Tool{{Function: api.ToolFunction{Name: "create_entities"}}},
+			steps: []step{
+				{input: `[TOOL_CALLS]create_entities[ARGS]{"entities": [{"entityType": "Person", "name": "Jack", "observations": ["Works as a baker"]}]}`, wantEvents: []ministralEvent{
+					ministralEventToolCall{name: "create_entities", args: `{"entities": [{"entityType": "Person", "name": "Jack", "observations": ["Works as a baker"]}]}`},
+				}},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			desc:  "tool call with deeply nested objects",
+			tools: []api.Tool{{Function: api.ToolFunction{Name: "update_config"}}},
+			steps: []step{
+				{input: `[TOOL_CALLS]update_config[ARGS]{"settings": {"user": {"profile": {"name": "John", "age": 30}}, "theme": "dark"}}`, wantEvents: []ministralEvent{
+					ministralEventToolCall{name: "update_config", args: `{"settings": {"user": {"profile": {"name": "John", "age": 30}}, "theme": "dark"}}`},
+				}},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			desc:  "tool call with array of objects",
+			tools: []api.Tool{{Function: api.ToolFunction{Name: "process_items"}}},
+			steps: []step{
+				{input: `[TOOL_CALLS]process_items[ARGS]{"items": [{"id": 1}, {"id": 2}, {"id": 3}]}`, wantEvents: []ministralEvent{
+					ministralEventToolCall{name: "process_items", args: `{"items": [{"id": 1}, {"id": 2}, {"id": 3}]}`},
+				}},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			desc:  "tool call with escaped quotes in string",
+			tools: []api.Tool{{Function: api.ToolFunction{Name: "search"}}},
+			steps: []step{
+				{input: `[TOOL_CALLS]search[ARGS]{"query": "say \"hello\""}`, wantEvents: []ministralEvent{
+					ministralEventToolCall{name: "search", args: `{"query": "say \"hello\""}`},
+				}},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			desc:  "tool call with braces inside string",
+			tools: []api.Tool{{Function: api.ToolFunction{Name: "format"}}},
+			steps: []step{
+				{input: `[TOOL_CALLS]format[ARGS]{"template": "Hello {name}!"}`, wantEvents: []ministralEvent{
+					ministralEventToolCall{name: "format", args: `{"template": "Hello {name}!"}`},
+				}},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			desc:  "empty JSON object",
+			tools: []api.Tool{{Function: api.ToolFunction{Name: "no_args"}}},
+			steps: []step{
+				{input: `[TOOL_CALLS]no_args[ARGS]{}`, wantEvents: []ministralEvent{
+					ministralEventToolCall{name: "no_args", args: `{}`},
+				}},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			desc:  "JSON with newlines in string",
+			tools: []api.Tool{{Function: api.ToolFunction{Name: "write"}}},
+			steps: []step{
+				{input: `[TOOL_CALLS]write[ARGS]{"content": "line1\nline2\nline3"}`, wantEvents: []ministralEvent{
+					ministralEventToolCall{name: "write", args: `{"content": "line1\nline2\nline3"}`},
+				}},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			desc:  "backslash in string value",
+			tools: []api.Tool{{Function: api.ToolFunction{Name: "path"}}},
+			steps: []step{
+				{input: `[TOOL_CALLS]path[ARGS]{"dir": "C:\\Users\\test"}`, wantEvents: []ministralEvent{
+					ministralEventToolCall{name: "path", args: `{"dir": "C:\\Users\\test"}`},
+				}},
+			},
+		},
+
+		// Content after tool call
+		{
+			desc:  "content after tool call",
+			tools: []api.Tool{{Function: api.ToolFunction{Name: "test"}}},
+			steps: []step{
+				// NOTE: It's unclear if this is valid Ministral output, but the parser
+				// currently treats text after a tool call as regular content. This test
+				// documents that behavior so we notice if it changes.
+				{input: `[TOOL_CALLS]test[ARGS]{"a": 1}some content after`, wantEvents: []ministralEvent{
+					ministralEventToolCall{name: "test", args: `{"a": 1}`},
+					ministralEventContent{content: "some content after"},
+				}},
+			},
+		},
+
+		// Multiple tool calls
+		{
+			desc: "multiple tool calls in sequence",
+			tools: []api.Tool{
+				{Function: api.ToolFunction{Name: "get_weather"}},
+				{Function: api.ToolFunction{Name: "get_time"}},
+			},
+			steps: []step{
+				{input: `[TOOL_CALLS]get_weather[ARGS]{"location": "NYC"}[TOOL_CALLS]get_time[ARGS]{"timezone": "EST"}`, wantEvents: []ministralEvent{
+					ministralEventToolCall{name: "get_weather", args: `{"location": "NYC"}`},
+					ministralEventToolCall{name: "get_time", args: `{"timezone": "EST"}`},
+				}},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			desc: "multiple tool calls streamed separately",
+			tools: []api.Tool{
+				{Function: api.ToolFunction{Name: "tool_a"}},
+				{Function: api.ToolFunction{Name: "tool_b"}},
+			},
+			steps: []step{
+				{input: `[TOOL_CALLS]tool_a[ARGS]{"x": 1}`, wantEvents: []ministralEvent{
+					ministralEventToolCall{name: "tool_a", args: `{"x": 1}`},
+				}},
+				{input: `[TOOL_CALLS]tool_b[ARGS]{"y": 2}`, wantEvents: []ministralEvent{
+					ministralEventToolCall{name: "tool_b", args: `{"y": 2}`},
+				}},
+			},
+		},
+
+		// Streaming tool calls
+		{
+			desc:  "streaming tool call with nested objects",
+			tools: []api.Tool{{Function: api.ToolFunction{Name: "create_entities"}}},
+			steps: []step{
+				{input: "[TOOL_CALLS]create_entities[ARGS]", wantEvents: []ministralEvent{}},
+				{input: `{"entities": [{"entityType": "Person",`, wantEvents: []ministralEvent{}},
+				{input: ` "name": "Jack",`, wantEvents: []ministralEvent{}},
+				{input: ` "observations": ["Works`, wantEvents: []ministralEvent{}},
+				{input: ` as a baker"]}`, wantEvents: []ministralEvent{}},
+				{input: `]}`, wantEvents: []ministralEvent{
+					ministralEventToolCall{name: "create_entities", args: `{"entities": [{"entityType": "Person", "name": "Jack", "observations": ["Works as a baker"]}]}`},
+				}},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			desc:  "streaming with incomplete JSON waits for completion",
+			tools: []api.Tool{{Function: api.ToolFunction{Name: "test"}}},
+			steps: []step{
+				{input: "[TOOL_CALLS]test[ARGS]{", wantEvents: []ministralEvent{}},
+				{input: `"a": {`, wantEvents: []ministralEvent{}},
+				{input: `"b": 1`, wantEvents: []ministralEvent{}},
+				{input: `}`, wantEvents: []ministralEvent{}},
+				{input: `}`, wantEvents: []ministralEvent{
+					ministralEventToolCall{name: "test", args: `{"a": {"b": 1}}`},
+				}},
+			},
+		},
+
+		// Partial tag handling
+		{
+			desc: "partial tool tag fakeout",
+			steps: []step{
+				{input: "abc[TOOL", wantEvents: []ministralEvent{ministralEventContent{content: "abc"}}},
+				{input: " not a tag", wantEvents: []ministralEvent{ministralEventContent{content: "[TOOL not a tag"}}},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			desc:  "tool call tag split across chunks",
+			tools: []api.Tool{{Function: api.ToolFunction{Name: "test"}}},
+			steps: []step{
+				{input: "[TOOL_", wantEvents: []ministralEvent{}},
+				{input: "CALLS]test[ARGS]{}", wantEvents: []ministralEvent{
+					ministralEventToolCall{name: "test", args: `{}`},
+				}},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			desc:  "content before tool call",
+			tools: []api.Tool{{Function: api.ToolFunction{Name: "get_weather"}}},
+			steps: []step{
+				{input: "hello [TOOL_CALLS]get_weather[ARGS]{}", wantEvents: []ministralEvent{
+					ministralEventContent{content: "hello"},
+					ministralEventToolCall{name: "get_weather", args: `{}`},
+				}},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			desc:  "whitespace between content and tool call is trimmed",
+			tools: []api.Tool{{Function: api.ToolFunction{Name: "test"}}},
+			steps: []step{
+				{input: "content \n [TOOL_CALLS]test[ARGS]{}", wantEvents: []ministralEvent{
+					ministralEventContent{content: "content"},
+					ministralEventToolCall{name: "test", args: `{}`},
+				}},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			desc:  "tabs and newlines before tool call are trimmed",
+			tools: []api.Tool{{Function: api.ToolFunction{Name: "test"}}},
+			steps: []step{
+				{input: "content\t\n\t[TOOL_CALLS]test[ARGS]{}", wantEvents: []ministralEvent{
+					ministralEventContent{content: "content"},
+					ministralEventToolCall{name: "test", args: `{}`},
+				}},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			desc:  "non-breaking space before tool call is trimmed",
+			tools: []api.Tool{{Function: api.ToolFunction{Name: "test"}}},
+			steps: []step{
+				// \u00a0 is non-breaking space, which unicode.IsSpace considers whitespace
+				{input: "content\u00a0[TOOL_CALLS]test[ARGS]{}", wantEvents: []ministralEvent{
+					ministralEventContent{content: "content"},
+					ministralEventToolCall{name: "test", args: `{}`},
+				}},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			desc: "whitespace before THINK tag is trimmed",
+			steps: []step{
+				{input: "content \n [THINK]thinking[/THINK]after", wantEvents: []ministralEvent{
+					ministralEventContent{content: "content"},
+					ministralEventThinking{thinking: "thinking"},
+					ministralEventContent{content: "after"},
+				}},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			desc: "trailing whitespace withheld then emitted",
+			steps: []step{
+				{input: "Hello ", wantEvents: []ministralEvent{ministralEventContent{content: "Hello"}}},
+				{input: "world", wantEvents: []ministralEvent{ministralEventContent{content: " world"}}},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			desc: "trailing newline withheld then emitted",
+			steps: []step{
+				{input: "Hello\n", wantEvents: []ministralEvent{ministralEventContent{content: "Hello"}}},
+				{input: "world", wantEvents: []ministralEvent{ministralEventContent{content: "\nworld"}}},
+			},
+		},
+
+		// Thinking support
+		{
+			desc:  "thinking content",
+			think: true,
+			steps: []step{
+				{input: "thinking here[/THINK]", wantEvents: []ministralEvent{
+					ministralEventThinking{thinking: "thinking here"},
+				}},
+				{input: "content after", wantEvents: []ministralEvent{
+					ministralEventContent{content: "content after"},
+				}},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			desc:  "thinking with whitespace after end tag",
+			think: true,
+			steps: []step{
+				{input: "my thoughts[/THINK]  \n  response", wantEvents: []ministralEvent{
+					ministralEventThinking{thinking: "my thoughts"},
+					ministralEventContent{content: "response"},
+				}},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			desc:  "non-breaking space after think end tag is trimmed",
+			think: true,
+			steps: []step{
+				// \u00a0 is non-breaking space
+				{input: "thinking[/THINK]\u00a0response", wantEvents: []ministralEvent{
+					ministralEventThinking{thinking: "thinking"},
+					ministralEventContent{content: "response"},
+				}},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			desc:  "partial think end tag",
+			think: true,
+			steps: []step{
+				{input: "thinking[/THI", wantEvents: []ministralEvent{ministralEventThinking{thinking: "thinking"}}},
+				{input: "NK]after", wantEvents: []ministralEvent{ministralEventContent{content: "after"}}},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			desc:  "think tag fakeout",
+			think: true,
+			steps: []step{
+				{input: "thinking[/THI", wantEvents: []ministralEvent{ministralEventThinking{thinking: "thinking"}}},
+				{input: "not end tag", wantEvents: []ministralEvent{ministralEventThinking{thinking: "[/THInot end tag"}}},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			desc:  "thinking then tool call",
+			think: true,
+			tools: []api.Tool{{Function: api.ToolFunction{Name: "test"}}},
+			steps: []step{
+				{input: "let me think[/THINK][TOOL_CALLS]test[ARGS]{}", wantEvents: []ministralEvent{
+					ministralEventThinking{thinking: "let me think"},
+					ministralEventToolCall{name: "test", args: `{}`},
+				}},
+			},
+		},
+
+		// Content then THINK tag transition
+		{
+			desc: "content then think tag",
+			steps: []step{
+				{input: "content[THINK]thinking[/THINK]more", wantEvents: []ministralEvent{
+					ministralEventContent{content: "content"},
+					ministralEventThinking{thinking: "thinking"},
+					ministralEventContent{content: "more"},
+				}},
+			},
+		},
+
+		// Unicode handling
+		{
+			desc: "unicode content",
+			steps: []step{
+				{input: "你好 🌍 مرحبا", wantEvents: []ministralEvent{
+					ministralEventContent{content: "你好 🌍 مرحبا"},
+				}},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			desc:  "unicode in tool args",
+			tools: []api.Tool{{Function: api.ToolFunction{Name: "greet"}}},
+			steps: []step{
+				{input: `[TOOL_CALLS]greet[ARGS]{"message": "你好 🌍"}`, wantEvents: []ministralEvent{
+					ministralEventToolCall{name: "greet", args: `{"message": "你好 🌍"}`},
+				}},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range cases {
+		t.Run(tc.desc, func(t *testing.T) {
+			parser := MinistralParser{}
+			parser.hasThinkingSupport = tc.think
+			parser.Init(tc.tools, nil, nil)
+
+			for i, step := range tc.steps {
+				parser.buffer.WriteString(step.input)
+				gotEvents := parser.parseEvents()
+
+				if len(gotEvents) == 0 && len(step.wantEvents) == 0 {
+					// avoid deep equal on empty vs. nil slices
+					continue
+				}
+
+				if !reflect.DeepEqual(gotEvents, step.wantEvents) {
+					t.Errorf("step %d: input %q: got events %#v, want %#v", i, step.input, gotEvents, step.wantEvents)
+				}
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestMinistralParser_Errors(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("unknown tool returns error", func(t *testing.T) {
+		p := &MinistralParser{}
+		p.Init([]api.Tool{{Function: api.ToolFunction{Name: "known_tool"}}}, nil, nil)
+
+		_, _, _, err := p.Add(`[TOOL_CALLS]unknown_tool[ARGS]{"a": 1}`, true)
+		if err == nil {
+			t.Fatal("expected error for unknown tool")
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("invalid JSON returns error", func(t *testing.T) {
+		p := &MinistralParser{}
+		p.Init([]api.Tool{{Function: api.ToolFunction{Name: "test"}}}, nil, nil)
+
+		_, _, _, err := p.Add(`[TOOL_CALLS]test[ARGS]{invalid json}`, true)
+		if err == nil {
+			t.Fatal("expected error for invalid JSON")
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+func TestFindJSONEnd(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name     string
+		input    string
+		expected int
+	}{
+		{
+			name:     "simple object",
+			input:    `{"a": 1}`,
+			expected: 7,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "nested object",
+			input:    `{"a": {"b": 2}}`,
+			expected: 14,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "array inside object",
+			input:    `{"items": [1, 2, 3]}`,
+			expected: 19,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "braces in string",
+			input:    `{"template": "Hello {name}!"}`,
+			expected: 28,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "escaped quotes",
+			input:    `{"msg": "say \"hi\""}`,
+			expected: 20,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "incomplete object",
+			input:    `{"a": {"b": 1}`,
+			expected: -1,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "deeply nested",
+			input:    `{"a": {"b": {"c": {"d": 1}}}}`,
+			expected: 28,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "object with trailing content",
+			input:    `{"a": 1} extra`,
+			expected: 7,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "array",
+			input:    `[{"a": 1}, {"b": 2}]`,
+			expected: 19,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "escaped backslash before quote",
+			input:    `{"path": "C:\\"}`,
+			expected: 15,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "empty string",
+			input:    "",
+			expected: -1,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "no opening brace",
+			input:    "hello world",
+			expected: -1,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "only opening brace",
+			input:    "{",
+			expected: -1,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "unclosed string",
+			input:    `{"key": "unclosed`,
+			expected: -1,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "double escaped backslash then quote",
+			input:    `{"path": "C:\\\\"}`,
+			expected: 17,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "unicode in key and value",
+			input:    `{"키": "값"}`,
+			expected: 13,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "nested arrays",
+			input:    `{"matrix": [[1, 2], [3, 4]]}`,
+			expected: 27,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "mixed nesting",
+			input:    `{"a": [{"b": {"c": [1, 2, 3]}}]}`,
+			expected: 31,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			result := findJSONEnd(tt.input)
+			if result != tt.expected {
+				t.Errorf("findJSONEnd(%q) = %d, want %d", tt.input, result, tt.expected)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestMinistralParser_HasToolSupport(t *testing.T) {
+	p := &MinistralParser{}
+	if !p.HasToolSupport() {
+		t.Error("expected HasToolSupport to return true")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestMinistralParser_HasThinkingSupport(t *testing.T) {
+	p := &MinistralParser{hasThinkingSupport: false}
+	if p.HasThinkingSupport() {
+		t.Error("expected HasThinkingSupport to return false")
+	}
+
+	p = &MinistralParser{hasThinkingSupport: true}
+	if !p.HasThinkingSupport() {
+		t.Error("expected HasThinkingSupport to return true")
+	}
+}

model/parsers/parsers.go

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ package parsers
 import (
 	"strings"
 	"unicode"
+	"unicode/utf8"
 
 	"github.com/ollama/ollama/api"
 	"github.com/ollama/ollama/harmony"
@@ -70,6 +71,8 @@ func ParserForName(name string) Parser {
 		return &FunctionGemmaParser{}
 	case "glm-4.7":
 		return &GLM47Parser{}
+	case "glm-ocr":
+		return &GlmOcrParser{}
 	case "lfm2":
 		return &LFM2Parser{hasThinkingSupport: false}
 	case "lfm2-thinking":
@@ -114,3 +117,33 @@ func splitAtTag(sb *strings.Builder, tag string, trimAfter bool) (string, string
 	sb.WriteString(after)
 	return before, after // return events
 }
+
+// overlap returns the longest overlap between the suffix of s and the prefix of delim
+func overlap(s, delim string) int {
+	max := min(len(delim), len(s))
+	for i := max; i > 0; i-- {
+		if strings.HasSuffix(s, delim[:i]) {
+			return i
+		}
+	}
+	return 0
+}
+
+// trailingWhitespaceLen returns the length in bytes of trailing whitespace in s
+func trailingWhitespaceLen(s string) int {
+	remaining := s
+	total := 0
+	for len(remaining) > 0 {
+		r, size := utf8.DecodeLastRuneInString(remaining)
+		// if it's an invalid utf8 rune, assume it isn't whitespace
+		if r == utf8.RuneError && size == 1 {
+			break
+		}
+		if !unicode.IsSpace(r) {
+			break
+		}
+		total += size
+		remaining = remaining[:len(remaining)-size]
+	}
+	return total
+}

model/parsers/qwen3coder.go

@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@ import (
 	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 	"unicode"
-	"unicode/utf8"
 
 	"github.com/ollama/ollama/api"
 	"github.com/ollama/ollama/logutil"
@@ -194,36 +193,6 @@ func eat(p *Qwen3CoderParser) ([]qwenEvent, bool) {
 	}
 }
 
-// TODO(drifkin): move this to a shared location
-// longest overlap between suffix of s and prefix of delim
-func overlap(s, delim string) int {
-	max := min(len(delim), len(s))
-	for i := max; i > 0; i-- {
-		if strings.HasSuffix(s, delim[:i]) {
-			return i
-		}
-	}
-	return 0
-}
-
-func trailingWhitespaceLen(s string) int {
-	remaining := s
-	total := 0
-	for len(remaining) > 0 {
-		r, size := utf8.DecodeLastRuneInString(remaining)
-		// if it's an invalid utf8 rune, assume it isn't whitespace
-		if r == utf8.RuneError && size == 1 {
-			break
-		}
-		if !unicode.IsSpace(r) {
-			break
-		}
-		total += size
-		remaining = remaining[:len(remaining)-size]
-	}
-	return total
-}
-
 type XMLFunctionCall struct {
 	XMLName    xml.Name       `xml:"function"`
 	Name       string         `xml:"name,attr"`

model/renderers/glmocr.go

@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+package renderers
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/api"
+)
+
+type GlmOcrRenderer struct{}
+
+func (r *GlmOcrRenderer) Render(messages []api.Message, tools []api.Tool, thinkValue *api.ThinkValue) (string, error) {
+	var sb strings.Builder
+
+	sb.WriteString("[gMASK]<sop>")
+
+	if len(tools) > 0 {
+		sb.WriteString("<|system|>\n")
+		sb.WriteString("# Tools\n\n")
+		sb.WriteString("You may call one or more functions to assist with the user query.\n\n")
+		sb.WriteString("You are provided with function signatures within <tools></tools> XML tags:\n")
+		sb.WriteString("<tools>\n")
+		for _, tool := range tools {
+			d, _ := json.Marshal(tool)
+			sb.WriteString(formatGLM47ToolJSON(d))
+			sb.WriteString("\n")
+		}
+		sb.WriteString("</tools>\n\n")
+		sb.WriteString("For each function call, output the function name and arguments within the following XML format:\n")
+		sb.WriteString("<tool_call>{function-name}<arg_key>{arg-key-1}</arg_key><arg_value>{arg-value-1}</arg_value><arg_key>{arg-key-2}</arg_key><arg_value>{arg-value-2}</arg_value>...</tool_call>")
+	}
+
+	enableThinking := false
+	thinkingExplicitlySet := false
+	if thinkValue != nil {
+		enableThinking = thinkValue.Bool()
+		thinkingExplicitlySet = true
+	}
+
+	for i, message := range messages {
+		switch message.Role {
+		case "user":
+			sb.WriteString("<|user|>\n")
+			sb.WriteString(message.Content)
+			if thinkingExplicitlySet && !enableThinking && !strings.HasSuffix(message.Content, "/nothink") {
+				sb.WriteString("/nothink")
+			}
+		case "assistant":
+			sb.WriteString("<|assistant|>\n")
+			if message.Thinking != "" {
+				sb.WriteString("<think>" + strings.TrimSpace(message.Thinking) + "</think>")
+			} else {
+				sb.WriteString("<think></think>")
+			}
+			if message.Content != "" {
+				sb.WriteString("\n" + strings.TrimSpace(message.Content))
+			}
+			if len(message.ToolCalls) > 0 {
+				for _, toolCall := range message.ToolCalls {
+					sb.WriteString("\n<tool_call>" + toolCall.Function.Name)
+					sb.WriteString(renderGlmOcrToolArguments(toolCall.Function.Arguments))
+					sb.WriteString("</tool_call>")
+				}
+			}
+			sb.WriteString("\n")
+		case "tool":
+			if i == 0 || messages[i-1].Role != "tool" {
+				sb.WriteString("<|observation|>")
+			}
+			sb.WriteString("\n<tool_response>\n")
+			sb.WriteString(message.Content)
+			sb.WriteString("\n</tool_response>\n")
+		case "system":
+			sb.WriteString("<|system|>\n")
+			sb.WriteString(message.Content)
+			sb.WriteString("\n")
+		}
+	}
+
+	sb.WriteString("<|assistant|>\n")
+	if thinkingExplicitlySet && !enableThinking {
+		sb.WriteString("<think></think>\n")
+	}
+
+	return sb.String(), nil
+}
+
+func renderGlmOcrToolArguments(args api.ToolCallFunctionArguments) string {
+	var sb strings.Builder
+	for key, value := range args.All() {
+		sb.WriteString("<arg_key>" + key + "</arg_key>")
+		var valueStr string
+		if str, ok := value.(string); ok {
+			valueStr = str
+		} else {
+			jsonBytes, err := json.Marshal(value)
+			if err != nil {
+				valueStr = fmt.Sprintf("%v", value)
+			} else {
+				valueStr = string(jsonBytes)
+			}
+		}
+
+		sb.WriteString("<arg_value>" + valueStr + "</arg_value>")
+	}
+
+	return sb.String()
+}

model/renderers/renderer.go

@@ -82,6 +82,8 @@ func rendererForName(name string) Renderer {
 		return &FunctionGemmaRenderer{}
 	case "glm-4.7":
 		return &GLM47Renderer{}
+	case "glm-ocr":
+		return &GlmOcrRenderer{}
 	case "lfm2":
 		return &LFM2Renderer{IsThinking: false}
 	case "lfm2-thinking":

runner/ollamarunner/runner.go

@@ -1358,7 +1358,7 @@ func (s *Server) info(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		// Dummy load to get the backend wired up
 		f, err := os.CreateTemp("", "*.bin")
 		if err != nil {
-			http.Error(w, fmt.Sprintf("failed to initialize baackend: %v", err), http.StatusInternalServerError)
+			http.Error(w, fmt.Sprintf("failed to initialize backend: %v", err), http.StatusInternalServerError)
 			return
 		}
 		defer f.Close()
@@ -1368,13 +1368,13 @@ func (s *Server) info(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 			"general.architecture": "llama",
 			"tokenizer.ggml.model": "gpt2",
 		}, nil); err != nil {
-			http.Error(w, fmt.Sprintf("failed to initialize baackend: %v", err), http.StatusInternalServerError)
+			http.Error(w, fmt.Sprintf("failed to initialize backend: %v", err), http.StatusInternalServerError)
 			return
 		}
 
 		m, err = model.New(f.Name(), ml.BackendParams{NumThreads: runtime.NumCPU(), AllocMemory: false, GPULayers: ml.GPULayersList{{}}})
 		if err != nil {
-			http.Error(w, fmt.Sprintf("failed to initialize baackend: %v", err), http.StatusInternalServerError)
+			http.Error(w, fmt.Sprintf("failed to initialize backend: %v", err), http.StatusInternalServerError)
 			return
 		}
 		slog.Debug("dummy model load took", "duration", time.Since(startLoad))

runner/runner.go

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ package runner
 import (
 	"github.com/ollama/ollama/runner/llamarunner"
 	"github.com/ollama/ollama/runner/ollamarunner"
-	imagerunner "github.com/ollama/ollama/x/imagegen/runner"
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/x/mlxrunner"
 )
 
 func Execute(args []string) error {
@@ -12,18 +12,18 @@ func Execute(args []string) error {
 	}
 
 	var newRunner bool
-	var imageRunner bool
+	var mlxRunner bool
 	if len(args) > 0 && args[0] == "--ollama-engine" {
 		args = args[1:]
 		newRunner = true
 	}
-	if len(args) > 0 && args[0] == "--image-engine" {
+	if len(args) > 0 && args[0] == "--mlx-engine" {
 		args = args[1:]
-		imageRunner = true
+		mlxRunner = true
 	}
 
-	if imageRunner {
-		return imagerunner.Execute(args)
+	if mlxRunner {
+		return mlxrunner.Execute(args)
 	} else if newRunner {
 		return ollamarunner.Execute(args)
 	} else {

server/routes.go

@@ -75,16 +75,12 @@ func experimentEnabled(name string) bool {
 
 var useClient2 = experimentEnabled("client2")
 
-// Low VRAM mode is based on the sum of total VRAM (not free) and triggers
-// reduced context length on some models
-var lowVRAMThreshold uint64 = 20 * format.GibiByte
-
 var mode string = gin.DebugMode
 
 type Server struct {
-	addr    net.Addr
-	sched   *Scheduler
-	lowVRAM bool
+	addr          net.Addr
+	sched         *Scheduler
+	defaultNumCtx int
 }
 
 func init() {
@@ -107,8 +103,12 @@ var (
 	errBadTemplate = errors.New("template error")
 )
 
-func modelOptions(model *Model, requestOpts map[string]any) (api.Options, error) {
+func (s *Server) modelOptions(model *Model, requestOpts map[string]any) (api.Options, error) {
 	opts := api.DefaultOptions()
+	if opts.NumCtx == 0 {
+		opts.NumCtx = s.defaultNumCtx
+	}
+
 	if err := opts.FromMap(model.Options); err != nil {
 		return api.Options{}, err
 	}
@@ -140,20 +140,11 @@ func (s *Server) scheduleRunner(ctx context.Context, name string, caps []model.C
 		return nil, nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("%s %w", name, err)
 	}
 
-	opts, err := modelOptions(model, requestOpts)
+	opts, err := s.modelOptions(model, requestOpts)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, nil, nil, err
 	}
 
-	// This model is much more capable with a larger context, so set that
-	// unless it would penalize performance too much
-	if !s.lowVRAM && slices.Contains([]string{
-		"gptoss", "gpt-oss",
-		"qwen3vl", "qwen3vlmoe",
-	}, model.Config.ModelFamily) {
-		opts.NumCtx = max(opts.NumCtx, 8192)
-	}
-
 	runnerCh, errCh := s.sched.GetRunner(ctx, model, opts, keepAlive)
 	var runner *runnerRef
 	select {
@@ -1720,10 +1711,18 @@ func Serve(ln net.Listener) error {
 	for _, gpu := range gpus {
 		totalVRAM += gpu.TotalMemory - envconfig.GpuOverhead()
 	}
-	if totalVRAM < lowVRAMThreshold {
-		s.lowVRAM = true
-		slog.Info("entering low vram mode", "total vram", format.HumanBytes2(totalVRAM), "threshold", format.HumanBytes2(lowVRAMThreshold))
+
+	// Set default context based on VRAM tier
+	// Use slightly lower thresholds (47/23 GiB vs. 48/24 GiB) to account for small differences in the exact value
+	switch {
+	case totalVRAM >= 47*format.GibiByte:
+		s.defaultNumCtx = 262144
+	case totalVRAM >= 23*format.GibiByte:
+		s.defaultNumCtx = 32768
+	default:
+		s.defaultNumCtx = 4096
 	}
+	slog.Info("vram-based default context", "total_vram", format.HumanBytes2(totalVRAM), "default_num_ctx", s.defaultNumCtx)
 
 	err = srvr.Serve(ln)
 	// If server is closed from the signal handler, wait for the ctx to be done
@@ -1897,8 +1896,8 @@ func (s *Server) PsHandler(c *gin.Context) {
 			Details:   modelDetails,
 			ExpiresAt: v.expiresAt,
 		}
-		if v.Options != nil {
-			mr.ContextLength = v.Options.NumCtx
+		if v.llama != nil {
+			mr.ContextLength = v.llama.ContextLength()
 		}
 		// The scheduler waits to set expiresAt, so if a model is loading it's
 		// possible that it will be set to the unix epoch. For those cases, just

server/routes_debug_test.go

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ import (
 )
 
 func TestGenerateDebugRenderOnly(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv("OLLAMA_CONTEXT_LENGTH", "4096")
 	gin.SetMode(gin.TestMode)
 
 	mock := mockRunner{
@@ -208,6 +209,7 @@ func TestGenerateDebugRenderOnly(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestChatDebugRenderOnly(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv("OLLAMA_CONTEXT_LENGTH", "4096")
 	gin.SetMode(gin.TestMode)
 
 	mock := mockRunner{

server/routes_generate_renderer_test.go

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ import (
 // TestGenerateWithBuiltinRenderer tests that api/generate uses built-in renderers
 // when in chat-like flow (messages present, no suffix, no template)
 func TestGenerateWithBuiltinRenderer(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv("OLLAMA_CONTEXT_LENGTH", "4096")
 	gin.SetMode(gin.TestMode)
 
 	mock := mockRunner{
@@ -204,6 +205,7 @@ func TestGenerateWithBuiltinRenderer(t *testing.T) {
 
 // TestGenerateWithDebugRenderOnly tests that debug_render_only works with built-in renderers
 func TestGenerateWithDebugRenderOnly(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv("OLLAMA_CONTEXT_LENGTH", "4096")
 	gin.SetMode(gin.TestMode)
 
 	mock := mockRunner{

server/routes_generate_test.go

@@ -162,6 +162,7 @@ func TestGenerateChatRemote(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestGenerateChat(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv("OLLAMA_CONTEXT_LENGTH", "4096")
 	gin.SetMode(gin.TestMode)
 
 	mock := mockRunner{
@@ -878,6 +879,7 @@ func TestGenerateChat(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestGenerate(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv("OLLAMA_CONTEXT_LENGTH", "4096")
 	gin.SetMode(gin.TestMode)
 
 	mock := mockRunner{
@@ -2355,6 +2357,7 @@ func TestGenerateWithImages(t *testing.T) {
 // TestImageGenerateStreamFalse tests that image generation respects stream=false
 // and returns a single JSON response instead of streaming ndjson.
 func TestImageGenerateStreamFalse(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv("OLLAMA_CONTEXT_LENGTH", "4096")
 	gin.SetMode(gin.TestMode)
 
 	p := t.TempDir()

server/routes_options_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+package server
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestModelOptionsNumCtxPriority(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name           string
+		envContextLen  string // empty means not set (uses 0 sentinel)
+		defaultNumCtx  int    // VRAM-based default
+		modelNumCtx    int    // 0 means not set in model
+		requestNumCtx  int    // 0 means not set in request
+		expectedNumCtx int
+	}{
+		{
+			name:           "vram default when nothing else set",
+			envContextLen:  "",
+			defaultNumCtx:  32768,
+			modelNumCtx:    0,
+			requestNumCtx:  0,
+			expectedNumCtx: 32768,
+		},
+		{
+			name:           "env var overrides vram default",
+			envContextLen:  "8192",
+			defaultNumCtx:  32768,
+			modelNumCtx:    0,
+			requestNumCtx:  0,
+			expectedNumCtx: 8192,
+		},
+		{
+			name:           "model overrides vram default",
+			envContextLen:  "",
+			defaultNumCtx:  32768,
+			modelNumCtx:    16384,
+			requestNumCtx:  0,
+			expectedNumCtx: 16384,
+		},
+		{
+			name:           "model overrides env var",
+			envContextLen:  "8192",
+			defaultNumCtx:  32768,
+			modelNumCtx:    16384,
+			requestNumCtx:  0,
+			expectedNumCtx: 16384,
+		},
+		{
+			name:           "request overrides everything",
+			envContextLen:  "8192",
+			defaultNumCtx:  32768,
+			modelNumCtx:    16384,
+			requestNumCtx:  4096,
+			expectedNumCtx: 4096,
+		},
+		{
+			name:           "request overrides vram default",
+			envContextLen:  "",
+			defaultNumCtx:  32768,
+			modelNumCtx:    0,
+			requestNumCtx:  4096,
+			expectedNumCtx: 4096,
+		},
+		{
+			name:           "request overrides model",
+			envContextLen:  "",
+			defaultNumCtx:  32768,
+			modelNumCtx:    16384,
+			requestNumCtx:  4096,
+			expectedNumCtx: 4096,
+		},
+		{
+			name:           "low vram tier default",
+			envContextLen:  "",
+			defaultNumCtx:  4096,
+			modelNumCtx:    0,
+			requestNumCtx:  0,
+			expectedNumCtx: 4096,
+		},
+		{
+			name:           "high vram tier default",
+			envContextLen:  "",
+			defaultNumCtx:  262144,
+			modelNumCtx:    0,
+			requestNumCtx:  0,
+			expectedNumCtx: 262144,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			// Set or clear environment variable
+			if tt.envContextLen != "" {
+				t.Setenv("OLLAMA_CONTEXT_LENGTH", tt.envContextLen)
+			}
+
+			// Create server with VRAM-based default
+			s := &Server{
+				defaultNumCtx: tt.defaultNumCtx,
+			}
+
+			// Create model options (use float64 as FromMap expects JSON-style numbers)
+			var modelOpts map[string]any
+			if tt.modelNumCtx != 0 {
+				modelOpts = map[string]any{"num_ctx": float64(tt.modelNumCtx)}
+			}
+			model := &Model{
+				Options: modelOpts,
+			}
+
+			// Create request options (use float64 as FromMap expects JSON-style numbers)
+			var requestOpts map[string]any
+			if tt.requestNumCtx != 0 {
+				requestOpts = map[string]any{"num_ctx": float64(tt.requestNumCtx)}
+			}
+
+			opts, err := s.modelOptions(model, requestOpts)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("modelOptions failed: %v", err)
+			}
+
+			if opts.NumCtx != tt.expectedNumCtx {
+				t.Errorf("NumCtx = %d, want %d", opts.NumCtx, tt.expectedNumCtx)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}

server/sched.go

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/ollama/ollama/logutil"
 	"github.com/ollama/ollama/ml"
 	"github.com/ollama/ollama/types/model"
-	"github.com/ollama/ollama/x/imagegen"
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/x/mlxrunner"
 )
 
 type LlmRequest struct {
@@ -195,14 +195,25 @@ func (s *Scheduler) processPending(ctx context.Context) {
 						slog.Debug("updating default concurrency", "OLLAMA_MAX_LOADED_MODELS", maxRunners, "gpu_count", len(gpus))
 					}
 
-					// Check for image generation model before attempting GGML load
+					// Check for image generation models - all use MLX runner
 					if slices.Contains(pending.model.Config.Capabilities, "image") {
-						if s.loadImageGen(pending) {
+						if s.loadMLX(pending) {
 							break
 						}
 						continue
 					}
 
+					// Check for experimental safetensors LLM models
+					if pending.model.Config.ModelFormat == "safetensors" {
+						if slices.Contains(pending.model.Config.Capabilities, "completion") {
+							// LLM model with safetensors format - use MLX runner
+							if s.loadMLX(pending) {
+								break
+							}
+							continue
+						}
+					}
+
 					// Load model for fitting
 					logutil.Trace("loading model metadata", "model", pending.model.ModelPath)
 					ggml, err := llm.LoadModel(pending.model.ModelPath, 1024)
@@ -552,11 +563,20 @@ iGPUScan:
 	return false
 }
 
-// loadImageGen loads an image generation model.
-func (s *Scheduler) loadImageGen(req *LlmRequest) bool {
-	// Use model name for imagegen (it resolves manifests by name, not file path)
+// loadMLX loads an experimental safetensors model using the unified MLX runner.
+// This supports both LLM (completion) and image generation models.
+func (s *Scheduler) loadMLX(req *LlmRequest) bool {
+	// Determine mode based on capabilities
+	var mode mlxrunner.ModelMode
+	if slices.Contains(req.model.Config.Capabilities, "image") {
+		mode = mlxrunner.ModeImageGen
+	} else {
+		mode = mlxrunner.ModeLLM
+	}
+
+	// Use model name for MLX (it resolves manifests by name, not file path)
 	modelName := req.model.ShortName
-	server, err := imagegen.NewServer(modelName)
+	server, err := mlxrunner.NewServer(modelName, mode)
 	if err != nil {
 		req.errCh <- err
 		return true

server/sched_test.go

@@ -804,6 +804,7 @@ func (s *mockLlm) GetPort() int                                       { return -
 func (s *mockLlm) GetDeviceInfos(ctx context.Context) []ml.DeviceInfo { return nil }
 func (s *mockLlm) HasExited() bool                                    { return false }
 func (s *mockLlm) GetActiveDeviceIDs() []ml.DeviceID                  { return nil }
+func (s *mockLlm) ContextLength() int                                 { return 0 }
 
 // TestImageGenRunnerCanBeEvicted verifies that an image generation model
 // loaded in the scheduler can be evicted when idle.

x/create/client/create.go

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import (
 	"io"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
 
 	"github.com/ollama/ollama/manifest"
 	"github.com/ollama/ollama/progress"
@@ -34,7 +35,7 @@ type ModelfileConfig struct {
 type CreateOptions struct {
 	ModelName string
 	ModelDir  string
-	Quantize  string           // "fp8" for quantization
+	Quantize  string           // "q4", "q8", "nvfp4", or "mxfp8" for quantization
 	Modelfile *ModelfileConfig // template/system/license from Modelfile
 }
 
@@ -53,10 +54,20 @@ func CreateModel(opts CreateOptions, p *progress.Progress) error {
 	// Determine model type settings
 	var modelType, spinnerKey string
 	var capabilities []string
+	var parserName, rendererName string
 	if isSafetensors {
 		modelType = "safetensors model"
 		spinnerKey = "create"
 		capabilities = []string{"completion"}
+
+		// Check if model supports thinking based on architecture
+		if supportsThinking(opts.ModelDir) {
+			capabilities = append(capabilities, "thinking")
+		}
+
+		// Set parser and renderer name based on architecture
+		parserName = getParserName(opts.ModelDir)
+		rendererName = getRendererName(opts.ModelDir)
 	} else {
 		modelType = "image generation model"
 		spinnerKey = "imagegen"
@@ -81,14 +92,14 @@ func CreateModel(opts CreateOptions, p *progress.Progress) error {
 		err = create.CreateSafetensorsModel(
 			opts.ModelName, opts.ModelDir, opts.Quantize,
 			newLayerCreator(), newTensorLayerCreator(),
-			newManifestWriter(opts, capabilities),
+			newManifestWriter(opts, capabilities, parserName, rendererName),
 			progressFn,
 		)
 	} else {
 		err = create.CreateImageGenModel(
 			opts.ModelName, opts.ModelDir, opts.Quantize,
 			newLayerCreator(), newTensorLayerCreator(),
-			newManifestWriter(opts, capabilities),
+			newManifestWriter(opts, capabilities, "", ""),
 			progressFn,
 		)
 	}
@@ -204,7 +215,7 @@ func createUnquantizedLayer(r io.Reader, name string) ([]create.LayerInfo, error
 }
 
 // newManifestWriter returns a ManifestWriter callback for writing the model manifest.
-func newManifestWriter(opts CreateOptions, capabilities []string) create.ManifestWriter {
+func newManifestWriter(opts CreateOptions, capabilities []string, parserName, rendererName string) create.ManifestWriter {
 	return func(modelName string, config create.LayerInfo, layers []create.LayerInfo) error {
 		name := model.ParseName(modelName)
 		if !name.IsValid() {
@@ -229,6 +240,8 @@ func newManifestWriter(opts CreateOptions, capabilities []string) create.Manifes
 			ModelFormat:  "safetensors",
 			Capabilities: caps,
 			Requires:     MinOllamaVersion,
+			Parser:       parserName,
+			Renderer:     rendererName,
 		}
 		configJSON, err := json.Marshal(configData)
 		if err != nil {
@@ -295,3 +308,146 @@ func createModelfileLayers(mf *ModelfileConfig) ([]manifest.Layer, error) {
 
 	return layers, nil
 }
+
+// supportsThinking checks if the model supports thinking mode based on its architecture.
+// This reads the config.json from the model directory and checks the architectures field.
+func supportsThinking(modelDir string) bool {
+	configPath := filepath.Join(modelDir, "config.json")
+	data, err := os.ReadFile(configPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	var cfg struct {
+		Architectures []string `json:"architectures"`
+		ModelType     string   `json:"model_type"`
+	}
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &cfg); err != nil {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	// Check architectures that support thinking
+	thinkingArchitectures := []string{
+		"glm4moe",  // GLM-4 MoE models
+		"deepseek", // DeepSeek models
+		"qwen3",    // Qwen3 models
+	}
+
+	// Check the architecture list
+	for _, arch := range cfg.Architectures {
+		archLower := strings.ToLower(arch)
+		for _, thinkArch := range thinkingArchitectures {
+			if strings.Contains(archLower, thinkArch) {
+				return true
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Also check model_type
+	if cfg.ModelType != "" {
+		typeLower := strings.ToLower(cfg.ModelType)
+		for _, thinkArch := range thinkingArchitectures {
+			if strings.Contains(typeLower, thinkArch) {
+				return true
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return false
+}
+
+// getParserName returns the parser name for a model based on its architecture.
+// This reads the config.json from the model directory and determines the appropriate parser.
+func getParserName(modelDir string) string {
+	configPath := filepath.Join(modelDir, "config.json")
+	data, err := os.ReadFile(configPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return ""
+	}
+
+	var cfg struct {
+		Architectures []string `json:"architectures"`
+		ModelType     string   `json:"model_type"`
+	}
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &cfg); err != nil {
+		return ""
+	}
+
+	// Check architectures for known parsers
+	for _, arch := range cfg.Architectures {
+		archLower := strings.ToLower(arch)
+		if strings.Contains(archLower, "glm4") || strings.Contains(archLower, "glm-4") {
+			return "glm-4.7"
+		}
+		if strings.Contains(archLower, "deepseek") {
+			return "deepseek3"
+		}
+		if strings.Contains(archLower, "qwen3") {
+			return "qwen3-coder"
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Also check model_type
+	if cfg.ModelType != "" {
+		typeLower := strings.ToLower(cfg.ModelType)
+		if strings.Contains(typeLower, "glm4") || strings.Contains(typeLower, "glm-4") {
+			return "glm-4.7"
+		}
+		if strings.Contains(typeLower, "deepseek") {
+			return "deepseek3"
+		}
+		if strings.Contains(typeLower, "qwen3") {
+			return "qwen3-coder"
+		}
+	}
+
+	return ""
+}
+
+// getRendererName returns the renderer name for a model based on its architecture.
+// This reads the config.json from the model directory and determines the appropriate renderer.
+func getRendererName(modelDir string) string {
+	configPath := filepath.Join(modelDir, "config.json")
+	data, err := os.ReadFile(configPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return ""
+	}
+
+	var cfg struct {
+		Architectures []string `json:"architectures"`
+		ModelType     string   `json:"model_type"`
+	}
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &cfg); err != nil {
+		return ""
+	}
+
+	// Check architectures for known renderers
+	for _, arch := range cfg.Architectures {
+		archLower := strings.ToLower(arch)
+		if strings.Contains(archLower, "glm4") || strings.Contains(archLower, "glm-4") {
+			return "glm-4.7"
+		}
+		if strings.Contains(archLower, "deepseek") {
+			return "deepseek3"
+		}
+		if strings.Contains(archLower, "qwen3") {
+			return "qwen3-coder"
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Also check model_type
+	if cfg.ModelType != "" {
+		typeLower := strings.ToLower(cfg.ModelType)
+		if strings.Contains(typeLower, "glm4") || strings.Contains(typeLower, "glm-4") {
+			return "glm-4.7"
+		}
+		if strings.Contains(typeLower, "deepseek") {
+			return "deepseek3"
+		}
+		if strings.Contains(typeLower, "qwen3") {
+			return "qwen3-coder"
+		}
+	}
+
+	return ""
+}

x/create/client/quantize.go

@@ -13,7 +13,11 @@ import (
 
 // quantizeTensor loads a tensor from safetensors format, quantizes it,
 // and returns safetensors data for the quantized weights, scales, and biases.
-// Supported quantization types: "fp8" (affine 8-bit)
+// Supported quantization types:
+//   - "q4": affine 4-bit, group_size=32 (with qbiases)
+//   - "nvfp4": NVIDIA FP4, group_size=16 (no qbiases, E4M3 scales)
+//   - "q8": affine 8-bit, group_size=64 (with qbiases)
+//   - "mxfp8": Microsoft MX FP8, group_size=32 (no qbiases, E4M3 scales)
 // Uses MLX's native SaveSafetensors to ensure correct dtype handling (especially uint32 for quantized weights).
 func quantizeTensor(r io.Reader, name, dtype string, shape []int32, quantize string) (qweightData, scalesData, qbiasData []byte, qweightShape, scalesShape, qbiasShape []int32, err error) {
 	tmpDir := ensureTempDir()
@@ -54,12 +58,18 @@ func quantizeTensor(r io.Reader, name, dtype string, shape []int32, quantize str
 	// Quantize based on quantization type
 	var qweight, scales, qbiases *mlx.Array
 	switch quantize {
-	case "fp4":
-		// affine mode: group_size=32, bits=4
+	case "q4":
+		// affine mode: group_size=32, bits=4 (with qbiases for zero-point offset)
 		qweight, scales, qbiases = mlx.Quantize(arr, 32, 4, "affine")
-	case "fp8":
-		// affine mode: group_size=32, bits=8
-		qweight, scales, qbiases = mlx.Quantize(arr, 32, 8, "affine")
+	case "nvfp4":
+		// NVIDIA FP4: group_size=16, bits=4 (no qbiases, E4M3 scales)
+		qweight, scales, qbiases = mlx.Quantize(arr, 16, 4, "nvfp4")
+	case "q8":
+		// affine mode: group_size=64, bits=8 (with qbiases for zero-point offset)
+		qweight, scales, qbiases = mlx.Quantize(arr, 64, 8, "affine")
+	case "mxfp8":
+		// Microsoft MX FP8: group_size=32, bits=8, E4M3 scales (no qbiases)
+		qweight, scales, qbiases = mlx.Quantize(arr, 32, 8, "mxfp8")
 	default:
 		return nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("unsupported quantization type: %s", quantize)
 	}

x/create/create.go

@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ type LayerCreator func(r io.Reader, mediaType, name string) (LayerInfo, error)
 type TensorLayerCreator func(r io.Reader, name, dtype string, shape []int32) (LayerInfo, error)
 
 // QuantizingTensorLayerCreator creates tensor layers with optional quantization.
-// When quantize is non-empty (e.g., "fp8"), returns multiple layers (weight + scales + biases).
+// When quantize is non-empty (e.g., "q8"), returns multiple layers (weight + scales + biases).
 type QuantizingTensorLayerCreator func(r io.Reader, name, dtype string, shape []int32, quantize string) ([]LayerInfo, error)
 
 // ManifestWriter writes the manifest file.
@@ -262,36 +262,134 @@ func ShouldQuantize(name, component string) bool {
 	return strings.HasSuffix(name, ".weight")
 }
 
-// ShouldQuantizeTensor returns true if a tensor should be quantized based on name and shape.
+// ShouldQuantizeTensor returns true if a tensor should be quantized based on name, shape, and quantize type.
 // This is a more detailed check that also considers tensor dimensions.
-func ShouldQuantizeTensor(name string, shape []int32) bool {
+// The quantize parameter specifies the quantization type (e.g., "q4", "nvfp4", "q8", "mxfp8").
+func ShouldQuantizeTensor(name string, shape []int32, quantize string) bool {
+	return GetTensorQuantization(name, shape, quantize) != ""
+}
+
+// normalizeQuantType converts various quantization type aliases to canonical forms.
+// Supports: q4/Q4/int4/INT4/fp4/FP4 -> q4, q8/Q8/int8/INT8/fp8/FP8 -> q8, nvfp4/NVFP4, mxfp8/MXFP8
+func normalizeQuantType(quantize string) string {
+	switch strings.ToUpper(quantize) {
+	case "Q4", "INT4", "FP4":
+		return "q4"
+	case "Q8", "INT8", "FP8":
+		return "q8"
+	case "NVFP4":
+		return "nvfp4"
+	case "MXFP8":
+		return "mxfp8"
+	default:
+		return quantize
+	}
+}
+
+// getQuantGroupSize returns the group size for a given quantization type.
+// These must match the values used in quantize.go when creating quantized models.
+func getQuantGroupSize(quantize string) int {
+	switch normalizeQuantType(quantize) {
+	case "nvfp4":
+		return 16
+	case "q4":
+		return 32
+	case "mxfp8":
+		return 32
+	case "q8":
+		return 64
+	default:
+		return 32
+	}
+}
+
+// GetTensorQuantization returns the appropriate quantization type for a tensor.
+// Returns "" if the tensor should not be quantized.
+// This implements mixed-precision quantization:
+//   - Attention MLA weights (q_a, q_b, kv_a, kv_b): unquantized (most sensitive)
+//   - Output projection, gate/up weights: q4 (less sensitive)
+//   - Down projection weights: q8 (more sensitive, would be Q6 in GGML but no MLX kernel)
+//   - Norms, embeddings, biases, routing gates: no quantization
+func GetTensorQuantization(name string, shape []int32, quantize string) string {
 	// Use basic name-based check first
 	if !ShouldQuantize(name, "") {
-		return false
+		return ""
 	}
 
 	// Only quantize 2D tensors (linear layers) - skip 1D (biases, norms) and higher-D (convolutions if any)
 	if len(shape) != 2 {
-		return false
+		return ""
 	}
 
 	// Skip small tensors (less than 1024 elements) - not worth quantizing
 	if len(shape) >= 2 && int64(shape[0])*int64(shape[1]) < 1024 {
-		return false
+		return ""
 	}
 
-	// MLX quantization requires last dimension to be divisible by group size (32)
-	if shape[len(shape)-1]%32 != 0 {
-		return false
+	// Normalize quantization type to canonical form
+	quantNorm := normalizeQuantType(quantize)
+
+	// MLX quantization requires last dimension to be divisible by group size
+	// nvfp4: 16, q4/mxfp8: 32, q8: 64
+	groupSize := int32(32)
+	switch quantNorm {
+	case "nvfp4":
+		groupSize = 16
+	case "q8":
+		groupSize = 64
+	}
+	if shape[len(shape)-1]%groupSize != 0 {
+		return ""
 	}
 
-	return true
+	// Skip routing gate weights (should stay high precision)
+	// In safetensors these are: mlp.gate.weight (not mlp.gate_proj.weight)
+	if strings.Contains(name, "mlp.gate.weight") && !strings.Contains(name, "_proj") {
+		return ""
+	}
+
+	// For NVFP4 or MXFP8, use the same quantization for all (no mixed precision)
+	if quantNorm == "nvfp4" || quantNorm == "mxfp8" {
+		return quantNorm
+	}
+
+	// Attention MLA weights - keep unquantized (bf16)
+	// These are highly sensitive: errors accumulate in the KV cache over time
+	// q_a_proj, q_b_proj, kv_a_proj_with_mqa, kv_b_proj
+	if strings.Contains(name, "q_a_proj") ||
+		strings.Contains(name, "q_b_proj") ||
+		strings.Contains(name, "kv_a_proj") ||
+		strings.Contains(name, "kv_b_proj") {
+		return "" // No quantization - keep bf16
+	}
+
+	// Down projection weights - use Q8 (would be Q6_K in GGML, but MLX has no Q6 kernel)
+	// mlp.down_proj, mlp.experts.X.down_proj, mlp.shared_experts.down_proj
+	if strings.Contains(name, "down_proj") {
+		return "q8"
+	}
+
+	// Output projection, gate/up weights - use requested quantization (Q4)
+	// o_proj, gate_proj, up_proj
+	if strings.Contains(name, "o_proj") ||
+		strings.Contains(name, "gate_proj") ||
+		strings.Contains(name, "up_proj") {
+		return quantNorm
+	}
+
+	// LM head - use requested quantization
+	if strings.Contains(name, "lm_head") {
+		return quantNorm
+	}
+
+	// Default to requested quantization for other weights
+	return quantNorm
 }
 
 // CreateSafetensorsModel imports a standard safetensors model from a directory.
 // This handles Hugging Face style models with config.json and *.safetensors files.
 // Stores each tensor as a separate blob for fine-grained deduplication.
-// If quantize is non-empty (e.g., "fp8"), eligible tensors will be quantized.
+// If quantize is non-empty (e.g., "q8"), eligible tensors will be quantized.
 func CreateSafetensorsModel(modelName, modelDir, quantize string, createLayer LayerCreator, createTensorLayer QuantizingTensorLayerCreator, writeManifest ManifestWriter, fn func(status string)) error {
 	var layers []LayerInfo
 	var configLayer LayerInfo
@@ -330,9 +428,10 @@ func CreateSafetensorsModel(modelName, modelDir, quantize string, createLayer La
 			}
 
 			// Determine quantization type for this tensor (empty string if not quantizing)
+			// GetTensorQuantization handles mixed-precision (e.g., Q8 for attention, Q4 for FFN)
 			quantizeType := ""
-			if quantize != "" && ShouldQuantizeTensor(tensorName, td.Shape) {
-				quantizeType = quantize
+			if quantize != "" {
+				quantizeType = GetTensorQuantization(tensorName, td.Shape, quantize)
 			}
 
 			// Store as minimal safetensors format (88 bytes header overhead)
@@ -388,6 +487,23 @@ func CreateSafetensorsModel(modelName, modelDir, quantize string, createLayer La
 		return fmt.Errorf("config.json not found in %s", modelDir)
 	}
 
+	// Create model_index.json with quantization info if quantizing
+	if quantize != "" {
+		modelIndex := map[string]any{
+			"quantization": strings.ToUpper(quantize),
+			"group_size":   getQuantGroupSize(quantize),
+		}
+		indexData, err := json.MarshalIndent(modelIndex, "", "    ")
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to marshal model_index.json: %w", err)
+		}
+		indexLayer, err := createLayer(strings.NewReader(string(indexData)), "application/vnd.ollama.image.json", "model_index.json")
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to create model_index.json layer: %w", err)
+		}
+		layers = append(layers, indexLayer)
+	}
+
 	fn(fmt.Sprintf("writing manifest for %s", modelName))
 
 	if err := writeManifest(modelName, configLayer, layers); err != nil {

x/create/create_test.go

@@ -536,41 +536,51 @@ func TestShouldQuantize(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestShouldQuantizeTensor(t *testing.T) {
 	tests := []struct {
-		name   string
-		tensor string
-		shape  []int32
-		want   bool
+		name     string
+		tensor   string
+		shape    []int32
+		quantize string
+		want     bool
 	}{
 		// 2D tensors with sufficient size should be quantized
-		{"large 2D weight", "q_proj.weight", []int32{4096, 4096}, true},
-		{"medium 2D weight", "small_proj.weight", []int32{128, 128}, true},
+		{"large 2D weight fp8", "q_proj.weight", []int32{4096, 4096}, "fp8", true},
+		{"medium 2D weight fp8", "small_proj.weight", []int32{128, 128}, "fp8", true},
+		{"large 2D weight nvfp4", "q_proj.weight", []int32{4096, 4096}, "nvfp4", true},
 
 		// Small tensors should not be quantized (< 1024 elements)
-		{"tiny 2D weight", "tiny.weight", []int32{16, 16}, false},
-		{"small 2D weight", "small.weight", []int32{31, 31}, false},
+		{"tiny 2D weight", "tiny.weight", []int32{16, 16}, "fp8", false},
+		{"small 2D weight", "small.weight", []int32{31, 31}, "fp8", false},
 
 		// 1D tensors should not be quantized
-		{"1D tensor", "layer_norm.weight", []int32{4096}, false},
+		{"1D tensor", "layer_norm.weight", []int32{4096}, "fp8", false},
 
 		// 3D+ tensors should not be quantized
-		{"3D tensor", "conv.weight", []int32{64, 64, 3}, false},
-		{"4D tensor", "conv2d.weight", []int32{64, 64, 3, 3}, false},
+		{"3D tensor", "conv.weight", []int32{64, 64, 3}, "fp8", false},
+		{"4D tensor", "conv2d.weight", []int32{64, 64, 3, 3}, "fp8", false},
 
 		// Embeddings should not be quantized regardless of shape
-		{"embedding 2D", "embed_tokens.weight", []int32{32000, 4096}, false},
+		{"embedding 2D", "embed_tokens.weight", []int32{32000, 4096}, "fp8", false},
 
 		// Norms should not be quantized regardless of shape
-		{"norm 2D", "layer_norm.weight", []int32{4096, 1}, false},
+		{"norm 2D", "layer_norm.weight", []int32{4096, 1}, "fp8", false},
 
 		// Biases should not be quantized
-		{"bias 2D", "proj.bias", []int32{4096, 1}, false},
+		{"bias 2D", "proj.bias", []int32{4096, 1}, "fp8", false},
+
+		// Group size divisibility tests
+		// FP8/FP4 require divisible by 32
+		{"not divisible by 32 fp8", "proj.weight", []int32{128, 48}, "fp8", false},
+		{"divisible by 32 fp8", "proj.weight", []int32{128, 64}, "fp8", true},
+		// NVFP4 requires divisible by 16
+		{"not divisible by 16 nvfp4", "proj.weight", []int32{128, 24}, "nvfp4", false},
+		{"divisible by 16 nvfp4", "proj.weight", []int32{128, 48}, "nvfp4", true},
 	}
 
 	for _, tt := range tests {
 		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			got := ShouldQuantizeTensor(tt.tensor, tt.shape)
+			got := ShouldQuantizeTensor(tt.tensor, tt.shape, tt.quantize)
 			if got != tt.want {
-				t.Errorf("ShouldQuantizeTensor(%q, %v) = %v, want %v", tt.tensor, tt.shape, got, tt.want)
+				t.Errorf("ShouldQuantizeTensor(%q, %v, %q) = %v, want %v", tt.tensor, tt.shape, tt.quantize, got, tt.want)
 			}
 		})
 	}
@@ -741,7 +751,7 @@ func TestCreateImageGenModel_WithQuantize(t *testing.T) {
 
 	progressFn := func(status string) {}
 
-	err := CreateImageGenModel("test-imagegen", dir, "fp8", createLayer, createTensorLayer, writeManifest, progressFn)
+	err := CreateImageGenModel("test-imagegen", dir, "q8", createLayer, createTensorLayer, writeManifest, progressFn)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("CreateImageGenModel failed: %v", err)
 	}

x/create/imagegen.go

@@ -15,15 +15,15 @@ import (
 // CreateImageGenModel imports an image generation model from a directory.
 // Stores each tensor as a separate blob for fine-grained deduplication.
 // If quantize is specified, linear weights in transformer/text_encoder are quantized.
-// Supported quantization types: fp8 (or empty for no quantization).
+// Supported quantization types: q4, q8, nvfp4, mxfp8 (or empty for no quantization).
 // Layer creation and manifest writing are done via callbacks to avoid import cycles.
 func CreateImageGenModel(modelName, modelDir, quantize string, createLayer LayerCreator, createTensorLayer QuantizingTensorLayerCreator, writeManifest ManifestWriter, fn func(status string)) error {
 	// Validate quantization type
 	switch quantize {
-	case "", "fp4", "fp8":
+	case "", "q4", "q8", "nvfp4", "mxfp8":
 		// valid
 	default:
-		return fmt.Errorf("unsupported quantization type %q: supported types are fp4, fp8", quantize)
+		return fmt.Errorf("unsupported quantization type %q: supported types are q4, q8, nvfp4, mxfp8", quantize)
 	}
 
 	var layers []LayerInfo
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ func CreateImageGenModel(modelName, modelDir, quantize string, createLayer Layer
 
 				// Determine quantization type for this tensor (empty string if not quantizing)
 				quantizeType := ""
-				if quantize != "" && ShouldQuantize(tensorName, component) && canQuantizeShape(td.Shape) {
+				if quantize != "" && ShouldQuantize(tensorName, component) && canQuantizeShape(td.Shape, quantize) {
 					quantizeType = quantize
 				}
 
@@ -213,10 +213,18 @@ func CreateImageGenModel(modelName, modelDir, quantize string, createLayer Layer
 }
 
 // canQuantizeShape returns true if a tensor shape is compatible with MLX quantization.
-// MLX requires the last dimension to be divisible by the group size (32).
-func canQuantizeShape(shape []int32) bool {
+// MLX requires the last dimension to be divisible by the group size.
+// nvfp4: 16, q4/mxfp8: 32, q8: 64
+func canQuantizeShape(shape []int32, quantize string) bool {
 	if len(shape) < 2 {
 		return false
 	}
-	return shape[len(shape)-1]%32 == 0
+	groupSize := int32(32)
+	switch strings.ToUpper(quantize) {
+	case "NVFP4":
+		groupSize = 16
+	case "Q8":
+		groupSize = 64
+	}
+	return shape[len(shape)-1]%groupSize == 0
 }

x/imagegen/cache/cache.go

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ type Cache interface {
 	Offset() int
 	Len() int
 	State() []*mlx.Array
+	Reset()
 }
 
 type KVCache struct {
@@ -63,6 +64,13 @@ func (c *KVCache) State() []*mlx.Array {
 func (c *KVCache) Offset() int { return c.offset }
 func (c *KVCache) Len() int    { return c.offset }
 
+// Reset clears the cache state for a new generation session
+func (c *KVCache) Reset() {
+	c.keys = nil
+	c.values = nil
+	c.offset = 0
+}
+
 // RotatingKVCache implements sliding window attention with bounded memory
 type RotatingKVCache struct {
 	keys, values *mlx.Array
@@ -154,3 +162,11 @@ func (c *RotatingKVCache) State() []*mlx.Array {
 
 func (c *RotatingKVCache) Offset() int { return c.offset }
 func (c *RotatingKVCache) Len() int    { return min(c.offset, c.maxSize) }
+
+// Reset clears the cache state for a new generation session
+func (c *RotatingKVCache) Reset() {
+	c.keys = nil
+	c.values = nil
+	c.offset = 0
+	c.idx = 0
+}

x/imagegen/manifest.go

@@ -102,14 +102,17 @@ func (m *ModelManifest) BlobPath(digest string) string {
 	return filepath.Join(m.BlobDir, blobName)
 }
 
-// GetTensorLayers returns all tensor layers for a given component.
-// Component should be "text_encoder", "transformer", or "vae".
-// Tensor names are path-style: "component/tensor_name" (e.g., "text_encoder/model.embed_tokens.weight").
+// GetTensorLayers returns tensor layers, optionally filtered by component.
+// If component is empty, returns all tensor layers (for LLM models).
+// If component is specified (e.g., "text_encoder", "transformer", "vae"),
+// returns only layers with that prefix.
 func (m *ModelManifest) GetTensorLayers(component string) []ManifestLayer {
-	prefix := component + "/"
 	var layers []ManifestLayer
 	for _, layer := range m.Manifest.Layers {
-		if layer.MediaType == "application/vnd.ollama.image.tensor" && strings.HasPrefix(layer.Name, prefix) {
+		if layer.MediaType != "application/vnd.ollama.image.tensor" {
+			continue
+		}
+		if component == "" || strings.HasPrefix(layer.Name, component+"/") {
 			layers = append(layers, layer)
 		}
 	}
@@ -206,7 +209,7 @@ func GetModelInfo(modelName string) (*ModelInfo, error) {
 	if info.Quantization == "" {
 		for _, layer := range manifest.Manifest.Layers {
 			if strings.HasSuffix(layer.Name, ".weight_scale") {
-				info.Quantization = "FP8"
+				info.Quantization = "Q8"
 				break
 			}
 		}

x/imagegen/mlx/mlx.go

@@ -991,6 +991,19 @@ func Concat(a, b *Array, axis int) *Array {
 	return Concatenate([]*Array{a, b}, axis)
 }
 
+// Stack stacks arrays along a new axis (axis 0 by default)
+func Stack(arrays []*Array, axis int) *Array {
+	handles := make([]C.mlx_array, len(arrays))
+	for i, arr := range arrays {
+		handles[i] = arr.c
+	}
+	vec := C.mlx_vector_array_new_data(&handles[0], C.size_t(len(handles)))
+	res := C.mlx_array_new()
+	C.mlx_stack_axis(&res, vec, C.int(axis), C.default_stream())
+	C.mlx_vector_array_free(vec)
+	return newArray(res)
+}
+
 // Slice slices the array
 func Slice(a *Array, start, stop []int32) *Array {
 	n := len(start)

x/imagegen/models/glm4_moe_lite/glm4_moe_lite.go

@@ -0,0 +1,840 @@
+//go:build mlx
+
+// Package glm4_moe_lite provides the GLM4-MoE-Lite implementation for MLX.
+// This model uses Multi-head Latent Attention (MLA) and Mixture of Experts (MoE).
+package glm4_moe_lite
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"math"
+
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/x/imagegen"
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/x/imagegen/cache"
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/x/imagegen/mlx"
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/x/imagegen/nn"
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/x/imagegen/safetensors"
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/x/imagegen/tokenizer"
+)
+
+// RopeScaling holds RoPE scaling configuration
+type RopeScaling struct {
+	Factor       float32 `json:"factor"`
+	MscaleAllDim float32 `json:"mscale_all_dim"`
+}
+
+// Config holds GLM4-MoE-Lite model configuration
+type Config struct {
+	HiddenSize            int32   `json:"hidden_size"`
+	NumHiddenLayers       int32   `json:"num_hidden_layers"`
+	IntermediateSize      int32   `json:"intermediate_size"`
+	MoEIntermediateSize   int32   `json:"moe_intermediate_size"`
+	NumAttentionHeads     int32   `json:"num_attention_heads"`
+	NumKeyValueHeads      int32   `json:"num_key_value_heads"`
+	VocabSize             int32   `json:"vocab_size"`
+	RMSNormEps            float32 `json:"rms_norm_eps"`
+	RopeTheta             float32 `json:"rope_theta"`
+	MaxPositionEmbeddings int32   `json:"max_position_embeddings"`
+	AttentionBias         bool    `json:"attention_bias"`
+
+	// MLA (Multi-head Latent Attention) parameters
+	QLoraRank      int32 `json:"q_lora_rank"`
+	KVLoraRank     int32 `json:"kv_lora_rank"`
+	QKRopeHeadDim  int32 `json:"qk_rope_head_dim"`
+	QKNopeHeadDim  int32 `json:"qk_nope_head_dim"`
+	VHeadDim       int32 `json:"v_head_dim"`
+
+	// MoE parameters
+	NRoutedExperts      int32   `json:"n_routed_experts"`
+	NSharedExperts      int32   `json:"n_shared_experts"`
+	NumExpertsPerTok    int32   `json:"num_experts_per_tok"`
+	RoutedScalingFactor float32 `json:"routed_scaling_factor"`
+	NormTopKProb        bool    `json:"norm_topk_prob"`
+	FirstKDenseReplace  int32   `json:"first_k_dense_replace"`
+	NGroup              int32   `json:"n_group"`
+	TopKGroup           int32   `json:"topk_group"`
+
+	// RoPE scaling
+	RopeScaling *RopeScaling `json:"rope_scaling"`
+
+	// Quantization parameters (set during load based on model quantization)
+	QuantGroupSize int    `json:"-"` // Group size for quantization (default 64)
+	QuantBits      int    `json:"-"` // Bits per weight (4 or 8)
+	QuantMode      string `json:"-"` // Quantization mode ("affine", etc.)
+
+	// Computed fields
+	QHeadDim int32   `json:"-"` // qk_nope_head_dim + qk_rope_head_dim
+	Scale    float32 `json:"-"` // 1/sqrt(QHeadDim) with mscale adjustment
+}
+
+// MLAAttention implements Multi-head Latent Attention with absorption.
+// This uses absorbed MLA which operates in latent space for reduced KV cache.
+type MLAAttention struct {
+	// Low-rank query projections
+	QAProj      nn.LinearLayer `weight:"self_attn.q_a_proj"`
+	QALayerNorm *nn.RMSNorm    `weight:"self_attn.q_a_layernorm"`
+	QBProj      nn.LinearLayer `weight:"self_attn.q_b_proj"`
+
+	// Low-rank KV projections (with shared rope component)
+	KVAProjWithMQA nn.LinearLayer `weight:"self_attn.kv_a_proj_with_mqa"`
+	KVALayerNorm   *nn.RMSNorm    `weight:"self_attn.kv_a_layernorm"`
+
+	// Absorbed MLA projections (derived from kv_b_proj)
+	// EmbedQ: projects q_nope to latent space [num_heads, kv_lora_rank, qk_nope_head_dim]
+	// UnembedOut: projects attention output from latent space [num_heads, v_head_dim, kv_lora_rank]
+	EmbedQ    *nn.MultiLinear `weight:"-"`
+	UnembedOut *nn.MultiLinear `weight:"-"`
+
+	// Output projection
+	OProj nn.LinearLayer `weight:"self_attn.o_proj"`
+}
+
+// Forward computes absorbed MLA attention output.
+// This operates in latent space for reduced KV cache memory.
+func (a *MLAAttention) Forward(x *mlx.Array, c cache.Cache, B, L int32, cfg *Config) *mlx.Array {
+	// Query path: q_a_proj -> layernorm -> q_b_proj
+	q := a.QAProj.Forward(x)
+	q = a.QALayerNorm.Forward(q, cfg.RMSNormEps)
+	q = a.QBProj.Forward(q)
+
+	// Reshape Q: [B, L, num_heads * q_head_dim] -> [B, num_heads, L, q_head_dim]
+	q = mlx.Reshape(q, B, L, cfg.NumAttentionHeads, cfg.QHeadDim)
+	q = mlx.Transpose(q, 0, 2, 1, 3)
+
+	// Split Q into nope and rope parts
+	qNope := mlx.Slice(q, []int32{0, 0, 0, 0}, []int32{B, cfg.NumAttentionHeads, L, cfg.QKNopeHeadDim})
+	qPE := mlx.Slice(q, []int32{0, 0, 0, cfg.QKNopeHeadDim}, []int32{B, cfg.NumAttentionHeads, L, cfg.QHeadDim})
+
+	// KV path: get compressed KV and k_pe
+	compressedKV := a.KVAProjWithMQA.Forward(x)
+
+	// Split into compressed_kv and k_pe (shared rope component)
+	kvCompressed := mlx.Slice(compressedKV, []int32{0, 0, 0}, []int32{B, L, cfg.KVLoraRank})
+	kPE := mlx.Slice(compressedKV, []int32{0, 0, cfg.KVLoraRank}, []int32{B, L, cfg.KVLoraRank + cfg.QKRopeHeadDim})
+
+	// k_pe is shared across heads (MQA-style): [B, L, rope_dim] -> [B, 1, L, rope_dim]
+	kPE = mlx.Reshape(kPE, B, L, 1, cfg.QKRopeHeadDim)
+	kPE = mlx.Transpose(kPE, 0, 2, 1, 3)
+
+	// Apply layernorm to get kv latent representation
+	kvLatent := a.KVALayerNorm.Forward(kvCompressed, cfg.RMSNormEps)
+	// kvLatent: [B, L, kv_lora_rank] -> [B, 1, L, kv_lora_rank] for broadcasting
+	kvLatent = mlx.ExpandDims(kvLatent, 1)
+
+	// Apply RoPE to the rope parts
+	offset := 0
+	if c != nil {
+		offset = c.Offset()
+	}
+	qPE = mlx.RoPE(qPE, int(cfg.QKRopeHeadDim), true, cfg.RopeTheta, 1.0, offset)
+	kPE = mlx.RoPE(kPE, int(cfg.QKRopeHeadDim), true, cfg.RopeTheta, 1.0, offset)
+
+	// ABSORBED MLA: project q_nope to latent space
+	// qNope: [B, num_heads, L, qk_nope_head_dim]
+	// EmbedQ: [num_heads, kv_lora_rank, qk_nope_head_dim]
+	// Result: [B, num_heads, L, kv_lora_rank]
+	qLatent := a.EmbedQ.Forward(qNope)
+
+	// Keys = concat(kvLatent, kPE)
+	// kvLatent: [B, 1, L, kv_lora_rank]
+	// kPE: [B, 1, L, qk_rope_head_dim]
+	// keys: [B, 1, L, kv_lora_rank + qk_rope_head_dim]
+	keys := mlx.Concatenate([]*mlx.Array{kvLatent, kPE}, 3)
+
+	// Cache the smaller latent representation
+	// We cache keys (latent + rope) and use empty values since values are derived from keys
+	cachedL := L
+	if c != nil {
+		// Create placeholder values with 0 dims for cache (we don't actually use cached values)
+		placeholderValues := mlx.Zeros([]int32{B, 1, L, 0}, mlx.DtypeFloat32)
+		keys, _ = c.Update(keys, placeholderValues, int(L))
+		cachedL = int32(keys.Shape()[2])
+	}
+
+	// Values are the first kv_lora_rank dims of keys (slice off rope part)
+	values := mlx.Slice(keys, []int32{0, 0, 0, 0}, []int32{B, 1, cachedL, cfg.KVLoraRank})
+
+	// Queries = concat(qLatent, qPE)
+	// qLatent: [B, num_heads, L, kv_lora_rank]
+	// qPE: [B, num_heads, L, qk_rope_head_dim]
+	// queries: [B, num_heads, L, kv_lora_rank + qk_rope_head_dim]
+	queries := mlx.Concatenate([]*mlx.Array{qLatent, qPE}, 3)
+
+	// Attention in latent space
+	// queries: [B, num_heads, L, kv_lora_rank + rope_dim]
+	// keys: [B, 1, cachedL, kv_lora_rank + rope_dim]
+	// values: [B, 1, cachedL, kv_lora_rank]
+	out := mlx.ScaledDotProductAttention(queries, keys, values, cfg.Scale, L > 1)
+
+	// ABSORBED MLA: unembed from latent space
+	// out: [B, num_heads, L, kv_lora_rank]
+	// UnembedOut: [num_heads, v_head_dim, kv_lora_rank]
+	// Result: [B, num_heads, L, v_head_dim]
+	out = a.UnembedOut.Forward(out)
+
+	// Reshape back: [B, num_heads, L, v_head_dim] -> [B, L, num_heads * v_head_dim]
+	out = mlx.Reshape(mlx.Transpose(out, 0, 2, 1, 3), B, L, cfg.NumAttentionHeads*cfg.VHeadDim)
+
+	return a.OProj.Forward(out)
+}
+
+// DenseMLP implements the standard SwiGLU MLP for dense layers
+type DenseMLP struct {
+	GateProj nn.LinearLayer `weight:"mlp.gate_proj"`
+	UpProj   nn.LinearLayer `weight:"mlp.up_proj"`
+	DownProj nn.LinearLayer `weight:"mlp.down_proj"`
+}
+
+// Forward applies the SwiGLU MLP
+func (m *DenseMLP) Forward(x *mlx.Array) *mlx.Array {
+	gate := mlx.SiLU(m.GateProj.Forward(x))
+	up := m.UpProj.Forward(x)
+	return m.DownProj.Forward(mlx.Mul(gate, up))
+}
+
+// MoEGate implements the expert gating mechanism
+type MoEGate struct {
+	Gate                   nn.LinearLayer `weight:"mlp.gate"`
+	EScoreCorrectionBias   *mlx.Array     `weight:"mlp.gate.e_score_correction_bias,optional"`
+}
+
+// Forward computes expert selection indices and scores
+func (g *MoEGate) Forward(x *mlx.Array, cfg *Config) (*mlx.Array, *mlx.Array) {
+	// Compute gate logits through linear layer (handles both quantized and non-quantized)
+	gates := g.Gate.Forward(x)
+
+	// Sigmoid scoring
+	scores := mlx.Sigmoid(gates)
+	origScores := scores
+
+	// Add correction bias if present
+	if g.EScoreCorrectionBias != nil {
+		scores = mlx.Add(scores, g.EScoreCorrectionBias)
+	}
+
+	// Group-wise expert selection (simplified for n_group=1)
+	// Select top-k experts
+	topK := cfg.NumExpertsPerTok
+	negScores := mlx.Neg(scores)
+	inds := mlx.Argpartition(negScores, int(topK)-1, -1)
+
+	shape := inds.Shape()
+	inds = mlx.Slice(inds, []int32{0, 0, 0}, []int32{shape[0], shape[1], topK})
+
+	// Get scores for selected experts
+	scores = mlx.TakeAlongAxis(origScores, inds, -1)
+
+	// Normalize if configured
+	if topK > 1 && cfg.NormTopKProb {
+		sumScores := mlx.Sum(scores, -1, true)
+		scores = mlx.Div(scores, sumScores)
+	}
+
+	// Apply routing scaling factor
+	scores = mlx.MulScalar(scores, cfg.RoutedScalingFactor)
+
+	return inds, scores
+}
+
+// SwitchMLP implements the MoE expert computation using stacked weights
+// Note: No weight tags - these are populated manually by stacking expert weights
+type SwitchMLP struct {
+	// Dequantized weights (used when GatherQMM not available)
+	GateWeight *mlx.Array
+	UpWeight   *mlx.Array
+	DownWeight *mlx.Array
+
+	// Quantized weights (used with GatherQMM for 4/8-bit affine)
+	GateWeightQ, GateScales, GateBiases *mlx.Array
+	UpWeightQ, UpScales, UpBiases       *mlx.Array
+	DownWeightQ, DownScales, DownBiases *mlx.Array
+
+	// Quantization bits per projection (supports mixed precision Q4/Q8)
+	GateBits int
+	UpBits   int
+	DownBits int
+
+	// Quantization group size per projection (detected from tensor shapes)
+	GateGroupSize int
+	UpGroupSize   int
+	DownGroupSize int
+
+	// If true, use GatherQMM with quantized weights
+	UseQuantized bool
+}
+
+// Forward applies the switched expert MLP
+func (s *SwitchMLP) Forward(x *mlx.Array, indices *mlx.Array, cfg *Config) *mlx.Array {
+	shape := x.Shape()
+	B, L := shape[0], shape[1]
+	topK := cfg.NumExpertsPerTok
+
+	// Expand x for expert computation: [B, L, D] -> [B, L, 1, 1, D]
+	xExpanded := mlx.ExpandDims(mlx.ExpandDims(x, -2), -2)
+
+	// Flatten for gather_mm: [B*L, 1, 1, D]
+	xFlat := mlx.Reshape(xExpanded, B*L, 1, 1, cfg.HiddenSize)
+
+	// Flatten indices: [B, L, topK] -> [B*L, topK]
+	idxFlat := mlx.Reshape(indices, B*L, topK)
+
+	// Sort for efficient gather (when we have many tokens)
+	doSort := B*L >= 64
+	var invOrder *mlx.Array
+	n := B * L * topK
+
+	if doSort {
+		idxAll := mlx.Flatten(idxFlat)
+		order := mlx.Argsort(idxAll, 0)
+		invOrder = mlx.Argsort(order, 0)
+		// Reorder x based on sorted indices
+		xFlat = mlx.ExpandDims(mlx.Take(mlx.Squeeze(xFlat, 1), mlx.FloorDivideScalar(order, topK), 0), 1)
+		idxFlat = mlx.Reshape(mlx.Take(idxAll, order, 0), n, 1)
+	}
+
+	var gate, up, hidden, down *mlx.Array
+
+	if s.UseQuantized {
+		// Use GatherQMM for quantized weights (faster, keeps weights quantized)
+		// Each projection may have different bits and group sizes (mixed precision: Q4 for gate/up, Q8 for down)
+		gate = mlx.GatherQMM(xFlat, s.GateWeightQ, s.GateScales, s.GateBiases,
+			nil, idxFlat, true, s.GateGroupSize, s.GateBits, cfg.QuantMode, doSort)
+		up = mlx.GatherQMM(xFlat, s.UpWeightQ, s.UpScales, s.UpBiases,
+			nil, idxFlat, true, s.UpGroupSize, s.UpBits, cfg.QuantMode, doSort)
+
+		hidden = mlx.Mul(mlx.SiLU(gate), up)
+
+		down = mlx.GatherQMM(hidden, s.DownWeightQ, s.DownScales, s.DownBiases,
+			nil, idxFlat, true, s.DownGroupSize, s.DownBits, cfg.QuantMode, doSort)
+	} else {
+		// Use GatherMM for dequantized/non-quantized weights
+		gate = mlx.GatherMM(xFlat, mlx.Transpose(s.GateWeight, 0, 2, 1), nil, idxFlat, doSort)
+		up = mlx.GatherMM(xFlat, mlx.Transpose(s.UpWeight, 0, 2, 1), nil, idxFlat, doSort)
+
+		hidden = mlx.Mul(mlx.SiLU(gate), up)
+
+		down = mlx.GatherMM(hidden, mlx.Transpose(s.DownWeight, 0, 2, 1), nil, idxFlat, doSort)
+	}
+
+	// Unsort if we sorted
+	if doSort {
+		down = mlx.Reshape(mlx.Take(mlx.Squeeze(mlx.Squeeze(down, 2), 1), invOrder, 0), B*L, topK, cfg.HiddenSize)
+	} else {
+		down = mlx.Squeeze(down, 2)
+	}
+
+	return mlx.Reshape(down, B, L, topK, cfg.HiddenSize)
+}
+
+// SharedExperts implements the shared expert MLP
+type SharedExperts struct {
+	GateProj nn.LinearLayer `weight:"mlp.shared_experts.gate_proj"`
+	UpProj   nn.LinearLayer `weight:"mlp.shared_experts.up_proj"`
+	DownProj nn.LinearLayer `weight:"mlp.shared_experts.down_proj"`
+}
+
+// Forward applies the shared expert MLP
+func (s *SharedExperts) Forward(x *mlx.Array) *mlx.Array {
+	gate := mlx.SiLU(s.GateProj.Forward(x))
+	up := s.UpProj.Forward(x)
+	return s.DownProj.Forward(mlx.Mul(gate, up))
+}
+
+// MoE implements the full Mixture of Experts layer
+type MoE struct {
+	Gate          *MoEGate
+	SwitchMLP     *SwitchMLP
+	SharedExperts *SharedExperts
+}
+
+// Forward applies the MoE layer
+func (m *MoE) Forward(x *mlx.Array, cfg *Config) *mlx.Array {
+	shape := x.Shape()
+	B, L := shape[0], shape[1]
+
+	// Get expert indices and scores
+	inds, scores := m.Gate.Forward(x, cfg)
+
+	// Apply routed experts
+	expertOut := m.SwitchMLP.Forward(x, inds, cfg)
+
+	// Weight by scores: [B, L, topK, D] * [B, L, topK, 1] -> sum over topK
+	scoresExpanded := mlx.ExpandDims(scores, -1)
+	y := mlx.Sum(mlx.Mul(expertOut, scoresExpanded), 2, false)
+
+	// Add shared experts if present
+	if m.SharedExperts != nil {
+		y = mlx.Add(y, m.SharedExperts.Forward(x))
+	}
+
+	return mlx.Reshape(y, B, L, cfg.HiddenSize)
+}
+
+// DenseBlock represents a dense transformer block (for first_k_dense_replace layers)
+type DenseBlock struct {
+	Attention              *MLAAttention
+	MLP                    *DenseMLP
+	InputLayerNorm         *nn.RMSNorm `weight:"input_layernorm"`
+	PostAttentionLayerNorm *nn.RMSNorm `weight:"post_attention_layernorm"`
+}
+
+// Forward applies the dense block
+func (b *DenseBlock) Forward(x *mlx.Array, c cache.Cache, B, L int32, cfg *Config) *mlx.Array {
+	// Pre-norm attention with residual
+	r := b.Attention.Forward(b.InputLayerNorm.Forward(x, cfg.RMSNormEps), c, B, L, cfg)
+	h := mlx.Add(x, r)
+
+	// Pre-norm MLP with residual
+	r = b.MLP.Forward(b.PostAttentionLayerNorm.Forward(h, cfg.RMSNormEps))
+	return mlx.Add(h, r)
+}
+
+// MoEBlock represents a MoE transformer block
+type MoEBlock struct {
+	Attention              *MLAAttention
+	MoE                    *MoE
+	InputLayerNorm         *nn.RMSNorm `weight:"input_layernorm"`
+	PostAttentionLayerNorm *nn.RMSNorm `weight:"post_attention_layernorm"`
+}
+
+// Forward applies the MoE block
+func (b *MoEBlock) Forward(x *mlx.Array, c cache.Cache, B, L int32, cfg *Config) *mlx.Array {
+	// Pre-norm attention with residual
+	r := b.Attention.Forward(b.InputLayerNorm.Forward(x, cfg.RMSNormEps), c, B, L, cfg)
+	h := mlx.Add(x, r)
+
+	// Pre-norm MoE with residual
+	r = b.MoE.Forward(b.PostAttentionLayerNorm.Forward(h, cfg.RMSNormEps), cfg)
+	return mlx.Add(h, r)
+}
+
+// Block interface for both dense and MoE blocks
+type Block interface {
+	Forward(x *mlx.Array, c cache.Cache, B, L int32, cfg *Config) *mlx.Array
+}
+
+// Model represents the complete GLM4-MoE-Lite model
+type Model struct {
+	EmbedTokens *nn.Embedding  `weight:"model.embed_tokens"`
+	Layers      []Block        `weight:"-"` // Loaded manually due to different block types
+	Norm        *nn.RMSNorm    `weight:"model.norm"`
+	LMHead      nn.LinearLayer `weight:"lm_head"`
+
+	tok *tokenizer.Tokenizer
+	*Config
+}
+
+// computeScale computes the attention scale.
+// Uses the full key head dimension (qkNopeHeadDim + qkRopeHeadDim) to match the Ollama runner.
+func computeScale(cfg *Config) float32 {
+	keyLength := cfg.QKNopeHeadDim + cfg.QKRopeHeadDim
+	scale := float32(1.0 / math.Sqrt(float64(keyLength)))
+	if cfg.RopeScaling != nil && cfg.RopeScaling.MscaleAllDim > 0 && cfg.RopeScaling.Factor > 1 {
+		s := 0.1*cfg.RopeScaling.MscaleAllDim*float32(math.Log(float64(cfg.RopeScaling.Factor))) + 1.0
+		scale *= s * s
+	}
+	return scale
+}
+
+// supportsGatherQMM returns true if the quantization mode has GatherQMM kernel support.
+// Currently only 4-bit and 8-bit affine quantization are supported.
+func supportsGatherQMM(mode string, bits int) bool {
+	return mode == "affine" && (bits == 4 || bits == 8)
+}
+
+// ExpertWeight holds a single expert's weight with optional quantization components.
+type ExpertWeight struct {
+	Weight    *mlx.Array // Quantized weight (if quantized) or dequantized weight
+	Scales    *mlx.Array // Quantization scales (nil if not quantized)
+	Biases    *mlx.Array // Quantization biases (nil if not quantized or mode doesn't use biases)
+	Bits      int        // Quantization bits (4 or 8), 0 if not quantized
+	GroupSize int        // Quantization group size, 0 if not quantized
+}
+
+// getQuantParams returns quantization parameters from model metadata.
+// Returns groupSize, bits, and mode for the model's quantization type.
+func getQuantParams(weights safetensors.WeightSource) (groupSize, bits int, mode string) {
+	groupSize, bits, mode = safetensors.QuantizationParams(weights.Quantization())
+	// Use metadata group_size if available (overrides default)
+	if gs := weights.GroupSize(); gs > 0 {
+		groupSize = gs
+	}
+	return groupSize, bits, mode
+}
+
+// loadExpertWeight loads an expert weight.
+// If useQuantized is true and the weight is quantized with a supported mode, returns quantized components.
+// Otherwise dequantizes and returns only the weight.
+func loadExpertWeight(weights safetensors.WeightSource, path string, useQuantized bool, cfg *Config) *ExpertWeight {
+	w, _ := weights.GetTensor(path + ".weight")
+	if w == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	// Check if this is a quantized weight by looking for scales
+	scalePath := path + ".weight_scale"
+	if weights.HasTensor(scalePath) {
+		scales, _ := weights.GetTensor(scalePath)
+		var qbiases *mlx.Array
+		qbiasPath := path + ".weight_qbias"
+		if weights.HasTensor(qbiasPath) {
+			qbiases, _ = weights.GetTensor(qbiasPath)
+		}
+
+		// Get quantization params from metadata
+		groupSize, bits, mode := getQuantParams(weights)
+
+		// Update config with group size (for GatherQMM calls)
+		if cfg.QuantGroupSize == 0 {
+			cfg.QuantGroupSize = groupSize
+		}
+
+		// If GatherQMM is supported and requested, return quantized components
+		if useQuantized && supportsGatherQMM(mode, bits) {
+			return &ExpertWeight{Weight: w, Scales: scales, Biases: qbiases, Bits: bits, GroupSize: groupSize}
+		}
+
+		// Otherwise dequantize
+		return &ExpertWeight{Weight: mlx.Dequantize(w, scales, qbiases, groupSize, bits, mode)}
+	}
+
+	return &ExpertWeight{Weight: w}
+}
+
+// sanitizeMLAWeights transforms kv_b_proj weights into absorbed MLA format.
+// Returns embed_q and unembed_out weights for per-head projections.
+//
+// kv_b_proj.weight shape: [num_heads * (qk_nope_head_dim + v_head_dim), kv_lora_rank]
+// Output:
+//   - embed_q: [num_heads, kv_lora_rank, qk_nope_head_dim] - projects q_nope to latent
+//   - unembed_out: [num_heads, v_head_dim, kv_lora_rank] - projects latent to output
+func sanitizeMLAWeights(weights safetensors.WeightSource, prefix string, cfg *Config) (*mlx.Array, *mlx.Array) {
+	path := prefix + ".self_attn.kv_b_proj"
+	w, err := weights.GetTensor(path + ".weight")
+	if err != nil || w == nil {
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+
+	// Check if quantized and dequantize
+	scalePath := path + ".weight_scale"
+	if weights.HasTensor(scalePath) {
+		scales, _ := weights.GetTensor(scalePath)
+		var qbiases *mlx.Array
+		qbiasPath := path + ".weight_qbias"
+		if weights.HasTensor(qbiasPath) {
+			qbiases, _ = weights.GetTensor(qbiasPath)
+		}
+
+		groupSize, bits, mode := getQuantParams(weights)
+		w = mlx.Dequantize(w, scales, qbiases, groupSize, bits, mode)
+	}
+
+	// w: [num_heads * (qk_nope_head_dim + v_head_dim), kv_lora_rank]
+	// Reshape to [num_heads, qk_nope_head_dim + v_head_dim, kv_lora_rank]
+	headDim := cfg.QKNopeHeadDim + cfg.VHeadDim
+	w = mlx.Reshape(w, cfg.NumAttentionHeads, headDim, cfg.KVLoraRank)
+
+	// Split into wk and wv
+	// wk: [num_heads, qk_nope_head_dim, kv_lora_rank]
+	// wv: [num_heads, v_head_dim, kv_lora_rank]
+	wk := mlx.Slice(w, []int32{0, 0, 0}, []int32{cfg.NumAttentionHeads, cfg.QKNopeHeadDim, cfg.KVLoraRank})
+	wv := mlx.Slice(w, []int32{0, cfg.QKNopeHeadDim, 0}, []int32{cfg.NumAttentionHeads, headDim, cfg.KVLoraRank})
+
+	// Transform for absorbed MLA:
+	// embed_q: transpose(wk) -> [num_heads, kv_lora_rank, qk_nope_head_dim]
+	// This allows: q_nope @ embed_q.T = q_nope @ wk (absorbed key projection)
+	embedQ := mlx.Transpose(wk, 0, 2, 1)
+
+	// unembed_out: wv stays [num_heads, v_head_dim, kv_lora_rank]
+	// This allows: latent_out @ unembed_out.T = latent_out @ wv.T (absorbed value projection)
+	unembedOut := wv
+
+	return embedQ, unembedOut
+}
+
+// StackedExpertWeights holds stacked weights for all experts.
+type StackedExpertWeights struct {
+	Weight    *mlx.Array // Stacked weights [num_experts, out, in] or [num_experts, out, in_packed]
+	Scales    *mlx.Array // Stacked scales (nil if not quantized)
+	Biases    *mlx.Array // Stacked biases (nil if not quantized)
+	Bits      int        // Quantization bits (4 or 8), 0 if not quantized
+	GroupSize int        // Quantization group size, 0 if not quantized
+}
+
+// collectAndStackExpertWeights loads and stacks expert weights for one projection type.
+func collectAndStackExpertWeights(
+	weights safetensors.WeightSource,
+	prefix string,
+	projName string,
+	numExperts int32,
+	useQuantized bool,
+	cfg *Config,
+) *StackedExpertWeights {
+	var w, s, b []*mlx.Array
+	var bits, groupSize int
+
+	for e := int32(0); e < numExperts; e++ {
+		path := fmt.Sprintf("%s.mlp.experts.%d.%s", prefix, e, projName)
+		ew := loadExpertWeight(weights, path, useQuantized, cfg)
+		if ew == nil {
+			continue
+		}
+		w = append(w, ew.Weight)
+		if ew.Scales != nil {
+			s = append(s, ew.Scales)
+		}
+		if ew.Biases != nil {
+			b = append(b, ew.Biases)
+		}
+		if e == 0 {
+			bits = ew.Bits
+			groupSize = ew.GroupSize
+		}
+	}
+
+	result := &StackedExpertWeights{Bits: bits, GroupSize: groupSize}
+	if len(w) > 0 {
+		result.Weight = mlx.Stack(w, 0)
+		if len(s) > 0 {
+			result.Scales = mlx.Stack(s, 0)
+		}
+		if len(b) > 0 {
+			result.Biases = mlx.Stack(b, 0)
+		}
+	}
+	return result
+}
+
+// sanitizeExpertWeights stacks individual expert weights into tensors.
+// If useQuantized is true and weights support GatherQMM, returns quantized components.
+// Otherwise returns dequantized weights with nil scales/biases.
+// Bits and GroupSize are detected per-weight to support mixed-precision (Q4 for gate/up, Q8 for down).
+func sanitizeExpertWeights(weights safetensors.WeightSource, prefix string, numExperts int32, useQuantized bool, cfg *Config) (gate, up, down *StackedExpertWeights) {
+	gate = collectAndStackExpertWeights(weights, prefix, "gate_proj", numExperts, useQuantized, cfg)
+	up = collectAndStackExpertWeights(weights, prefix, "up_proj", numExperts, useQuantized, cfg)
+	down = collectAndStackExpertWeights(weights, prefix, "down_proj", numExperts, useQuantized, cfg)
+	return gate, up, down
+}
+
+// LoadFromManifest loads a GLM4-MoE-Lite model from a manifest (Ollama blob storage).
+func LoadFromManifest(manifest *imagegen.ModelManifest) (*Model, error) {
+	// Read config from manifest
+	configData, err := manifest.ReadConfig("config.json")
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("load config: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	var cfg Config
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(configData, &cfg); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("parse config: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// Compute derived fields
+	cfg.QHeadDim = cfg.QKNopeHeadDim + cfg.QKRopeHeadDim
+	cfg.Scale = computeScale(&cfg)
+
+	// Load weights from manifest blobs
+	weights, err := imagegen.LoadWeightsFromManifest(manifest, "")
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("load weights: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if err := weights.Load(0); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("load weight data: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// Set up quantization parameters (only if model is actually quantized)
+	// Note: QuantGroupSize will be detected dynamically from tensor shapes during weight loading
+	quantization := weights.Quantization()
+	useQuantized := false
+	if quantization != "" {
+		_, cfg.QuantBits, cfg.QuantMode = safetensors.QuantizationParams(quantization)
+		useQuantized = supportsGatherQMM(cfg.QuantMode, cfg.QuantBits)
+	}
+
+	// Load tokenizer from manifest with config files for EOS token detection
+	tokData, err := manifest.ReadConfig("tokenizer.json")
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("load tokenizer config: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// Build tokenizer config with companion files for EOS/BOS token loading
+	tokConfig := &tokenizer.TokenizerConfig{
+		ConfigJSON: configData, // Already loaded above, contains eos_token_id
+	}
+
+	// Try to load generation_config.json if available (preferred source for EOS)
+	if genConfigData, err := manifest.ReadConfig("generation_config.json"); err == nil {
+		tokConfig.GenerationConfigJSON = genConfigData
+	}
+
+	// Try to load tokenizer_config.json if available
+	if tokConfigData, err := manifest.ReadConfig("tokenizer_config.json"); err == nil {
+		tokConfig.TokenizerConfigJSON = tokConfigData
+	}
+
+	tok, err := tokenizer.LoadFromBytesWithConfig(tokData, tokConfig)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("parse tokenizer: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	m := &Model{
+		Layers: make([]Block, cfg.NumHiddenLayers),
+		Config: &cfg,
+		tok:    tok,
+	}
+
+	// Load embedding, norm, and lm_head
+	if err := safetensors.LoadModule(m, weights, ""); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	// Load layers manually due to different block types
+	for i := int32(0); i < cfg.NumHiddenLayers; i++ {
+		prefix := fmt.Sprintf("model.layers.%d", i)
+
+		// Load attention (same for both block types)
+		attn := &MLAAttention{}
+		if err := safetensors.LoadModule(attn, weights, prefix); err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("layer %d attention: %w", i, err)
+		}
+
+		// Sanitize MLA weights for absorbed attention
+		embedQ, unembedOut := sanitizeMLAWeights(weights, prefix, &cfg)
+		attn.EmbedQ = nn.NewMultiLinear(embedQ)
+		attn.UnembedOut = nn.NewMultiLinear(unembedOut)
+
+		if i < cfg.FirstKDenseReplace {
+			// Dense block
+			block := &DenseBlock{Attention: attn}
+			if err := safetensors.LoadModule(block, weights, prefix); err != nil {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("layer %d dense: %w", i, err)
+			}
+			m.Layers[i] = block
+		} else {
+			// MoE block
+			block := &MoEBlock{Attention: attn}
+			if err := safetensors.LoadModule(block, weights, prefix); err != nil {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("layer %d moe block: %w", i, err)
+			}
+
+			// Stack expert weights (pass cfg so group sizes can be detected)
+			gate, up, down := sanitizeExpertWeights(weights, prefix, cfg.NRoutedExperts, useQuantized, &cfg)
+
+			switchMLP := &SwitchMLP{UseQuantized: useQuantized}
+			if useQuantized {
+				switchMLP.GateWeightQ = gate.Weight
+				switchMLP.GateScales = gate.Scales
+				switchMLP.GateBiases = gate.Biases
+				switchMLP.GateBits = gate.Bits
+				switchMLP.GateGroupSize = gate.GroupSize
+				switchMLP.UpWeightQ = up.Weight
+				switchMLP.UpScales = up.Scales
+				switchMLP.UpBiases = up.Biases
+				switchMLP.UpBits = up.Bits
+				switchMLP.UpGroupSize = up.GroupSize
+				switchMLP.DownWeightQ = down.Weight
+				switchMLP.DownScales = down.Scales
+				switchMLP.DownBiases = down.Biases
+				switchMLP.DownBits = down.Bits
+				switchMLP.DownGroupSize = down.GroupSize
+			} else {
+				switchMLP.GateWeight = gate.Weight
+				switchMLP.UpWeight = up.Weight
+				switchMLP.DownWeight = down.Weight
+			}
+
+			block.MoE = &MoE{
+				Gate:      &MoEGate{},
+				SwitchMLP: switchMLP,
+			}
+
+			// Load gate weights
+			if err := safetensors.LoadModule(block.MoE.Gate, weights, prefix); err != nil {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("layer %d gate: %w", i, err)
+			}
+
+			// Load shared experts if present
+			if cfg.NSharedExperts > 0 {
+				block.MoE.SharedExperts = &SharedExperts{}
+				if err := safetensors.LoadModule(block.MoE.SharedExperts, weights, prefix); err != nil {
+					return nil, fmt.Errorf("layer %d shared experts: %w", i, err)
+				}
+			}
+
+			m.Layers[i] = block
+		}
+	}
+
+	mlx.Eval(mlx.Collect(m)...)
+	weights.ReleaseAll()
+
+	return m, nil
+}
+
+// Forward computes the forward pass of the model
+func (m *Model) Forward(tokens *mlx.Array, caches []cache.Cache) *mlx.Array {
+	B, L := tokens.Shape()[0], tokens.Shape()[1]
+
+	h := m.EmbedTokens.Forward(tokens)
+
+	for i, layer := range m.Layers {
+		var c cache.Cache
+		if caches != nil {
+			c = caches[i]
+		}
+		h = layer.Forward(h, c, B, L, m.Config)
+	}
+
+	h = m.Norm.Forward(h, m.RMSNormEps)
+	return m.LMHead.Forward(h)
+}
+
+// Interface methods
+
+// NumLayers returns the number of transformer layers
+func (m *Model) NumLayers() int { return len(m.Layers) }
+
+// MaxContextLength returns the maximum context length
+func (m *Model) MaxContextLength() int32 { return m.MaxPositionEmbeddings }
+
+// VocabSize returns the vocabulary size
+func (m *Model) VocabSize() int32 { return m.Config.VocabSize }
+
+// Tokenizer returns the model's tokenizer
+func (m *Model) Tokenizer() *tokenizer.Tokenizer { return m.tok }
+
+// NewCache creates a new KV cache for the model
+func (m *Model) NewCache(maxSeqLen int32) []cache.Cache {
+	caches := make([]cache.Cache, len(m.Layers))
+	for i := range caches {
+		caches[i] = cache.NewKVCache()
+	}
+	return caches
+}
+
+// FormatPrompt applies the GLM-4 chat template with thinking enabled by default.
+// This follows the GLM-4.7 format with <think> tag for reasoning mode.
+func (m *Model) FormatPrompt(prompt string) string {
+	return "[gMASK]<sop><|user|>" + prompt + "<|assistant|><think>"
+}
+
+// FormatPromptWithThinking applies the GLM-4 chat template with explicit thinking control.
+// When think is true, the prompt ends with <think> to enable reasoning mode.
+// When think is false, the prompt ends with </think> to skip reasoning.
+func (m *Model) FormatPromptWithThinking(prompt string, think bool) string {
+	if think {
+		return "[gMASK]<sop><|user|>" + prompt + "<|assistant|><think>"
+	}
+	return "[gMASK]<sop><|user|>" + prompt + "<|assistant|></think>"
+}
+
+// NewRenderer returns a new Renderer for formatting multi-turn conversations.
+func (m *Model) NewRenderer() *Renderer {
+	return &Renderer{}
+}
+
+// NewParser returns a new Parser for extracting thinking and tool calls from output.
+func (m *Model) NewParser() *Parser {
+	return &Parser{}
+}

x/imagegen/models/glm4_moe_lite/parser.go

@@ -0,0 +1,479 @@
+//go:build mlx
+
+package glm4_moe_lite
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"encoding/xml"
+	"fmt"
+	"log/slog"
+	"strings"
+	"unicode"
+
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/api"
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/logutil"
+)
+
+type parserState int
+
+const (
+	parserState_LookingForThinkingOpen parserState = iota
+	parserState_ThinkingStartedEatingWhitespace
+	parserState_CollectingThinking
+	parserState_ThinkingDoneEatingWhitespace
+	parserState_CollectingContent
+	parserState_ToolStartedEatingWhitespace
+	parserState_CollectingToolContent
+)
+
+const (
+	thinkingOpenTag  = "<think>"
+	thinkingCloseTag = "</think>"
+	toolOpenTag      = "<tool_call>"
+	toolCloseTag     = "</tool_call>"
+)
+
+// Parser parses GLM4-MoE-Lite model output to extract thinking and tool calls.
+// GLM-4's prompt ends with <think> when thinking is enabled, so the parser
+// must start in CollectingThinking state (the model outputs thinking content directly).
+type Parser struct {
+	state  parserState
+	buffer strings.Builder
+	tools  []api.Tool
+}
+
+// HasToolSupport returns true as GLM4 supports tool calling.
+func (p *Parser) HasToolSupport() bool {
+	return true
+}
+
+// HasThinkingSupport returns true as GLM4 supports thinking mode.
+func (p *Parser) HasThinkingSupport() bool {
+	return true
+}
+
+// Init initializes the parser with tools and thinking configuration.
+func (p *Parser) Init(tools []api.Tool, lastMessage *api.Message, thinkValue *api.ThinkValue) []api.Tool {
+	p.tools = tools
+	// When thinking is enabled (nil or true), the prompt ends with <think>,
+	// so model output starts directly with thinking content (no opening tag).
+	if thinkValue == nil || thinkValue.Bool() {
+		p.state = parserState_CollectingThinking
+	}
+	return tools
+}
+
+type parserEvent interface {
+	isParserEvent()
+}
+
+type eventContent struct {
+	content string
+}
+
+func (eventContent) isParserEvent() {}
+
+type eventRawToolCall struct {
+	raw string
+}
+
+func (eventRawToolCall) isParserEvent() {}
+
+type eventThinkingContent struct {
+	content string
+}
+
+func (eventThinkingContent) isParserEvent() {}
+
+// Add processes new output text and returns parsed content, thinking, and tool calls.
+func (p *Parser) Add(s string, done bool) (content string, thinking string, calls []api.ToolCall, err error) {
+	p.buffer.WriteString(s)
+	events := p.parseEvents()
+
+	var toolCalls []api.ToolCall
+	var contentSb strings.Builder
+	var thinkingSb strings.Builder
+
+	for _, event := range events {
+		switch event := event.(type) {
+		case eventRawToolCall:
+			toolCall, err := parseToolCall(event, p.tools)
+			if err != nil {
+				slog.Warn("glm-4 tool call parsing failed", "error", err)
+				return "", "", nil, err
+			}
+			toolCalls = append(toolCalls, toolCall)
+		case eventThinkingContent:
+			thinkingSb.WriteString(event.content)
+		case eventContent:
+			contentSb.WriteString(event.content)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return contentSb.String(), thinkingSb.String(), toolCalls, nil
+}
+
+func (p *Parser) parseEvents() []parserEvent {
+	var all []parserEvent
+
+	keepLooping := true
+	for keepLooping {
+		var events []parserEvent
+		events, keepLooping = p.eat()
+		if len(events) > 0 {
+			all = append(all, events...)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if len(all) > 0 {
+		slog.Log(context.TODO(), logutil.LevelTrace, "glm-4 events parsed", "events", all, "state", p.state, "buffer", p.buffer.String())
+	}
+
+	return all
+}
+
+// eatLeadingWhitespaceAndTransitionTo consumes leading whitespace from the buffer
+// and transitions to the next state. Returns (nil, false) if only whitespace remains
+// in the buffer (needs more input), or (nil, true) if we successfully transitioned.
+func (p *Parser) eatLeadingWhitespaceAndTransitionTo(nextState parserState) ([]parserEvent, bool) {
+	trimmed := strings.TrimLeftFunc(p.buffer.String(), unicode.IsSpace)
+	p.buffer.Reset()
+	if trimmed == "" {
+		return nil, false // Still only whitespace, keep waiting for more input
+	}
+	p.state = nextState
+	p.buffer.WriteString(trimmed)
+	return nil, true // Successfully transitioned
+}
+
+// splitAtTag splits the buffer at the given tag, returns the content before (trimmed of trailing whitespace),
+// the content after (optionally trimmed of leading whitespace), and updates the buffer
+func (p *Parser) splitAtTag(tag string, trimAfter bool) (string, string) {
+	split := strings.SplitN(p.buffer.String(), tag, 2)
+	before := split[0]
+	before = strings.TrimRightFunc(before, unicode.IsSpace)
+	after := split[1]
+	if trimAfter {
+		after = strings.TrimLeftFunc(after, unicode.IsSpace)
+	}
+	p.buffer.Reset()
+	p.buffer.WriteString(after)
+	return before, after
+}
+
+func (p *Parser) eat() ([]parserEvent, bool) {
+	var events []parserEvent
+
+	switch p.state {
+	case parserState_LookingForThinkingOpen:
+		trimmed := strings.TrimLeftFunc(p.buffer.String(), unicode.IsSpace)
+		if strings.HasPrefix(trimmed, thinkingOpenTag) {
+			// Found <think> opening tag
+			after := strings.TrimPrefix(trimmed, thinkingOpenTag)
+			after = strings.TrimLeftFunc(after, unicode.IsSpace)
+			p.buffer.Reset()
+			p.buffer.WriteString(after)
+			if after == "" {
+				p.state = parserState_ThinkingStartedEatingWhitespace
+			} else {
+				p.state = parserState_CollectingThinking
+			}
+			return events, true
+		} else if strings.HasPrefix(thinkingOpenTag, trimmed) {
+			// Partial opening tag seen, keep accumulating
+			return events, false
+		} else if trimmed == "" {
+			// Only whitespace, keep accumulating
+			return events, false
+		} else {
+			// No thinking tag found, skip to content collection
+			p.state = parserState_CollectingContent
+			// Don't trim - we want to keep the original content
+			return events, true
+		}
+
+	case parserState_ThinkingStartedEatingWhitespace:
+		return p.eatLeadingWhitespaceAndTransitionTo(parserState_CollectingThinking)
+
+	case parserState_CollectingThinking:
+		acc := p.buffer.String()
+		if strings.Contains(acc, thinkingCloseTag) {
+			thinking, remaining := p.splitAtTag(thinkingCloseTag, true)
+			if len(thinking) > 0 {
+				events = append(events, eventThinkingContent{content: thinking})
+			}
+			if remaining == "" {
+				p.state = parserState_ThinkingDoneEatingWhitespace
+			} else {
+				p.state = parserState_CollectingContent
+			}
+			return events, true
+		} else if overlapLen := overlap(acc, thinkingCloseTag); overlapLen > 0 {
+			// Partial closing tag - withhold it along with any trailing whitespace before it
+			beforePartialTag := acc[:len(acc)-overlapLen]
+			trailingWsLen := trailingWhitespaceLen(beforePartialTag)
+			ambiguousStart := len(beforePartialTag) - trailingWsLen
+
+			unambiguous := acc[:ambiguousStart]
+			ambiguous := acc[ambiguousStart:]
+			p.buffer.Reset()
+			p.buffer.WriteString(ambiguous)
+			if len(unambiguous) > 0 {
+				events = append(events, eventThinkingContent{content: unambiguous})
+			}
+			return events, false
+		} else {
+			// Pure thinking content - withhold trailing whitespace (might precede closing tag)
+			whitespaceLen := trailingWhitespaceLen(acc)
+			ambiguousStart := len(acc) - whitespaceLen
+
+			unambiguous := acc[:ambiguousStart]
+			ambiguous := acc[ambiguousStart:]
+			p.buffer.Reset()
+			p.buffer.WriteString(ambiguous)
+			if len(unambiguous) > 0 {
+				events = append(events, eventThinkingContent{content: unambiguous})
+			}
+			return events, false
+		}
+
+	case parserState_ThinkingDoneEatingWhitespace:
+		return p.eatLeadingWhitespaceAndTransitionTo(parserState_CollectingContent)
+
+	case parserState_CollectingContent:
+		if strings.Contains(p.buffer.String(), toolOpenTag) {
+			before, after := p.splitAtTag(toolOpenTag, true)
+			if len(before) > 0 {
+				events = append(events, eventContent{content: before})
+			}
+			if after == "" {
+				p.state = parserState_ToolStartedEatingWhitespace
+			} else {
+				p.state = parserState_CollectingToolContent
+			}
+			return events, true
+		} else if overlapLen := overlap(p.buffer.String(), toolOpenTag); overlapLen > 0 {
+			beforePartialTag := p.buffer.String()[:len(p.buffer.String())-overlapLen]
+			trailingWsLen := trailingWhitespaceLen(beforePartialTag)
+			ambiguousStart := len(beforePartialTag) - trailingWsLen
+
+			unambiguous := p.buffer.String()[:ambiguousStart]
+			ambiguous := p.buffer.String()[ambiguousStart:]
+			p.buffer.Reset()
+			p.buffer.WriteString(ambiguous)
+			if len(unambiguous) > 0 {
+				events = append(events, eventContent{content: unambiguous})
+			}
+			return events, false
+		} else {
+			whitespaceLen := trailingWhitespaceLen(p.buffer.String())
+			ambiguousStart := len(p.buffer.String()) - whitespaceLen
+
+			unambiguous := p.buffer.String()[:ambiguousStart]
+			ambiguous := p.buffer.String()[ambiguousStart:]
+			p.buffer.Reset()
+			p.buffer.WriteString(ambiguous)
+			if len(unambiguous) > 0 {
+				events = append(events, eventContent{content: unambiguous})
+			}
+			return events, false
+		}
+
+	case parserState_ToolStartedEatingWhitespace:
+		return p.eatLeadingWhitespaceAndTransitionTo(parserState_CollectingToolContent)
+
+	case parserState_CollectingToolContent:
+		acc := p.buffer.String()
+		if strings.Contains(acc, toolCloseTag) {
+			toolContent, _ := p.splitAtTag(toolCloseTag, true)
+			if len(toolContent) == 0 {
+				slog.Warn("glm4 tool call closing tag found but no content before it")
+			}
+			events = append(events, eventRawToolCall{raw: toolContent})
+			p.state = parserState_CollectingContent
+			return events, true
+		} else {
+			// Keep accumulating - tool calls are not streamed
+			// We just wait for the closing tag
+			return events, false
+		}
+
+	default:
+		panic("unreachable")
+	}
+}
+
+// overlap returns the length of the overlap between the end of s and the start of tag.
+func overlap(s, tag string) int {
+	for i := 1; i <= len(tag) && i <= len(s); i++ {
+		if strings.HasSuffix(s, tag[:i]) {
+			return i
+		}
+	}
+	return 0
+}
+
+// trailingWhitespaceLen returns the length of trailing whitespace in s.
+func trailingWhitespaceLen(s string) int {
+	trimmed := strings.TrimRightFunc(s, unicode.IsSpace)
+	return len(s) - len(trimmed)
+}
+
+// ToolCallXML represents the structure of a GLM-4 tool call for XML parsing
+type ToolCallXML struct {
+	XMLName xml.Name `xml:"tool_call"`
+	Content string   `xml:",chardata"` // Function name (text nodes between tags)
+	Keys    []string `xml:"arg_key"`   // All arg_key elements in document order
+	Values  []string `xml:"arg_value"` // All arg_value elements in document order
+}
+
+// escapeContent escapes XML entities in text content while preserving arg_key/arg_value tags
+func escapeContent(s string) string {
+	var result strings.Builder
+	inTag := false
+
+	for i := range len(s) {
+		ch := s[i]
+
+		if ch == '<' {
+			// Check if this is a known tag
+			if strings.HasPrefix(s[i:], "<arg_key>") ||
+				strings.HasPrefix(s[i:], "</arg_key>") ||
+				strings.HasPrefix(s[i:], "<arg_value>") ||
+				strings.HasPrefix(s[i:], "</arg_value>") {
+				inTag = true
+			}
+		}
+
+		if inTag {
+			result.WriteByte(ch)
+			if ch == '>' {
+				inTag = false
+			}
+		} else {
+			// Escape special characters in text content
+			switch ch {
+			case '&':
+				result.WriteString("&amp;")
+			case '<':
+				result.WriteString("&lt;")
+			case '>':
+				result.WriteString("&gt;")
+			default:
+				result.WriteByte(ch)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return result.String()
+}
+
+func parseToolCall(raw eventRawToolCall, tools []api.Tool) (api.ToolCall, error) {
+	// Escape any unescaped entities in text content
+	escaped := escapeContent(raw.raw)
+
+	// Wrap the content in a root element to make it valid XML
+	xmlString := "<tool_call>" + escaped + "</tool_call>"
+
+	// Parse XML into struct
+	var parsed ToolCallXML
+	if err := xml.Unmarshal([]byte(xmlString), &parsed); err != nil {
+		return api.ToolCall{}, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse XML: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// Extract and trim function name
+	functionName := strings.TrimSpace(parsed.Content)
+	if functionName == "" {
+		return api.ToolCall{}, fmt.Errorf("empty function name")
+	}
+
+	// Verify keys and values are paired correctly
+	if len(parsed.Keys) != len(parsed.Values) {
+		return api.ToolCall{}, fmt.Errorf("mismatched arg_key and arg_value counts: %d keys, %d values", len(parsed.Keys), len(parsed.Values))
+	}
+
+	// Find the matching tool to get parameter types
+	var matchedTool *api.Tool
+	for i := range tools {
+		if tools[i].Function.Name == functionName {
+			matchedTool = &tools[i]
+			break
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Build arguments map by pairing keys and values
+	toolCall := api.ToolCall{
+		Function: api.ToolCallFunction{
+			Name:      functionName,
+			Arguments: api.NewToolCallFunctionArguments(),
+		},
+	}
+
+	for i := range parsed.Keys {
+		key := strings.TrimSpace(parsed.Keys[i])
+		value := parsed.Values[i] // Don't trim here - parseValue handles it
+
+		// Look up parameter type
+		var paramType api.PropertyType
+		if matchedTool != nil && matchedTool.Function.Parameters.Properties != nil {
+			if prop, ok := matchedTool.Function.Parameters.Properties.Get(key); ok {
+				// Handle anyOf by collecting all types from the union
+				if len(prop.AnyOf) > 0 {
+					for _, anyOfProp := range prop.AnyOf {
+						paramType = append(paramType, anyOfProp.Type...)
+					}
+				} else {
+					paramType = prop.Type
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		// Parse value with type coercion
+		toolCall.Function.Arguments.Set(key, parseValue(value, paramType))
+	}
+
+	return toolCall, nil
+}
+
+// parseValue parses a string value and coerces it to the appropriate type based on paramType.
+func parseValue(value string, paramType api.PropertyType) any {
+	value = strings.TrimSpace(value)
+
+	// If no type specified, return as string
+	if len(paramType) == 0 {
+		return value
+	}
+
+	// Try to parse based on specified types
+	for _, t := range paramType {
+		switch t {
+		case "boolean":
+			if value == "true" {
+				return true
+			}
+			if value == "false" {
+				return false
+			}
+		case "integer":
+			var i int64
+			if _, err := fmt.Sscanf(value, "%d", &i); err == nil {
+				return i
+			}
+		case "number":
+			var f float64
+			if _, err := fmt.Sscanf(value, "%f", &f); err == nil {
+				return f
+			}
+		case "array", "object":
+			// Try to parse as JSON
+			var result any
+			if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(value), &result); err == nil {
+				return result
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Default to string
+	return value
+}

x/imagegen/models/glm4_moe_lite/parser_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,192 @@
+//go:build mlx
+
+package glm4_moe_lite
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/api"
+)
+
+func TestParserThinking(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name          string
+		input         string
+		thinkEnabled  bool
+		wantContent   string
+		wantThinking  string
+		wantToolCalls int
+	}{
+		{
+			name:         "thinking enabled - simple thinking then content",
+			input:        "Let me think about this...</think>Here is my answer.",
+			thinkEnabled: true,
+			wantThinking: "Let me think about this...",
+			wantContent:  "Here is my answer.",
+		},
+		{
+			name:         "thinking enabled - only thinking",
+			input:        "I need to consider multiple factors...",
+			thinkEnabled: true,
+			wantThinking: "I need to consider multiple factors...",
+			wantContent:  "",
+		},
+		{
+			name:         "thinking disabled - direct content",
+			input:        "Here is my direct answer.",
+			thinkEnabled: false,
+			wantThinking: "",
+			wantContent:  "Here is my direct answer.",
+		},
+		{
+			name:          "thinking with tool call",
+			input:         "Let me search for that...</think>I'll use a tool.<tool_call>search<arg_key>query</arg_key><arg_value>test</arg_value></tool_call>",
+			thinkEnabled:  true,
+			wantThinking:  "Let me search for that...",
+			wantContent:   "I'll use a tool.",
+			wantToolCalls: 1,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			p := &Parser{}
+
+			var thinkValue *api.ThinkValue
+			if tt.thinkEnabled {
+				thinkValue = &api.ThinkValue{Value: true}
+			} else {
+				thinkValue = &api.ThinkValue{Value: false}
+			}
+
+			// Define tools for tool call tests
+			props := api.NewToolPropertiesMap()
+			props.Set("query", api.ToolProperty{Type: api.PropertyType{"string"}})
+			tools := []api.Tool{
+				{
+					Function: api.ToolFunction{
+						Name: "search",
+						Parameters: api.ToolFunctionParameters{
+							Properties: props,
+						},
+					},
+				},
+			}
+
+			p.Init(tools, nil, thinkValue)
+
+			content, thinking, calls, err := p.Add(tt.input, true)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+			}
+
+			if thinking != tt.wantThinking {
+				t.Errorf("thinking = %q, want %q", thinking, tt.wantThinking)
+			}
+			if content != tt.wantContent {
+				t.Errorf("content = %q, want %q", content, tt.wantContent)
+			}
+			if len(calls) != tt.wantToolCalls {
+				t.Errorf("len(calls) = %d, want %d", len(calls), tt.wantToolCalls)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestParserToolCall(t *testing.T) {
+	p := &Parser{}
+
+	props := api.NewToolPropertiesMap()
+	props.Set("location", api.ToolProperty{Type: api.PropertyType{"string"}})
+	props.Set("unit", api.ToolProperty{Type: api.PropertyType{"string"}})
+	tools := []api.Tool{
+		{
+			Function: api.ToolFunction{
+				Name: "get_weather",
+				Parameters: api.ToolFunctionParameters{
+					Properties: props,
+				},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	// Initialize with thinking disabled
+	tv := &api.ThinkValue{Value: false}
+	p.Init(tools, nil, tv)
+
+	input := "<tool_call>get_weather<arg_key>location</arg_key><arg_value>San Francisco</arg_value><arg_key>unit</arg_key><arg_value>celsius</arg_value></tool_call>"
+
+	_, _, calls, err := p.Add(input, true)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if len(calls) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 1 tool call, got %d", len(calls))
+	}
+
+	call := calls[0]
+	if call.Function.Name != "get_weather" {
+		t.Errorf("function name = %q, want %q", call.Function.Name, "get_weather")
+	}
+
+	location, ok := call.Function.Arguments.Get("location")
+	if !ok || location != "San Francisco" {
+		t.Errorf("location = %v, want %q", location, "San Francisco")
+	}
+
+	unit, ok := call.Function.Arguments.Get("unit")
+	if !ok || unit != "celsius" {
+		t.Errorf("unit = %v, want %q", unit, "celsius")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestOverlap(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		s    string
+		tag  string
+		want int
+	}{
+		{"hello<", "</think>", 1},
+		{"hello</", "</think>", 2},
+		{"hello</t", "</think>", 3},
+		{"hello</th", "</think>", 4},
+		{"hello</thi", "</think>", 5},
+		{"hello</thin", "</think>", 6},
+		{"hello</think", "</think>", 7},
+		{"hello</think>", "</think>", 8}, // Complete tag at end returns full length
+		{"hello", "</think>", 0},
+		{"", "</think>", 0},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.s+"_"+tt.tag, func(t *testing.T) {
+			got := overlap(tt.s, tt.tag)
+			if got != tt.want {
+				t.Errorf("overlap(%q, %q) = %d, want %d", tt.s, tt.tag, got, tt.want)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestTrailingWhitespaceLen(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		s    string
+		want int
+	}{
+		{"hello   ", 3},
+		{"hello\n\t ", 3},
+		{"hello", 0},
+		{"", 0},
+		{"   ", 3},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.s, func(t *testing.T) {
+			got := trailingWhitespaceLen(tt.s)
+			if got != tt.want {
+				t.Errorf("trailingWhitespaceLen(%q) = %d, want %d", tt.s, got, tt.want)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}

x/imagegen/models/glm4_moe_lite/render.go

@@ -0,0 +1,175 @@
+//go:build mlx
+
+package glm4_moe_lite
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/api"
+)
+
+// Renderer renders messages for GLM4-MoE-Lite models.
+//
+// GLM-4 Thinking Modes (ref: https://docs.z.ai/guides/capabilities/thinking-mode):
+//
+//  1. INTERLEAVED THINKING
+//     The model thinks between tool calls and after receiving tool results.
+//     This enables complex step-by-step reasoning: interpreting each tool output
+//     before deciding what to do next. Thinking blocks are preserved and returned
+//     with tool results to maintain reasoning continuity.
+//
+//  2. PRESERVED THINKING
+//     The model retains reasoning content from previous assistant turns in context.
+//     This preserves reasoning continuity across multi-turn conversations. The
+//     upstream API has a "clear_thinking" parameter to control this:
+//     - clear_thinking=true:  clears reasoning from previous turns (outputs </think>)
+//     - clear_thinking=false: preserves <think>...</think> blocks from previous turns
+//
+//  3. TURN-LEVEL THINKING
+//     Controls whether the model should reason on each turn. The upstream API
+//     uses "enable_thinking" parameter:
+//     - enable_thinking=true:  outputs <think> to start reasoning
+//     - enable_thinking=false: outputs </think> to skip reasoning
+//
+// OLLAMA DEFAULTS:
+//   - Thinking is ENABLED by default (thinkValue=nil or true outputs <think>)
+//   - Thinking is PRESERVED by default (reasoning content from previous turns is always
+//     included in <think>...</think> blocks, equivalent to clear_thinking=false)
+//   - Users can disable thinking per-turn via thinkValue=false
+type Renderer struct{}
+
+// Render renders messages into the GLM4 chat format.
+func (r *Renderer) Render(messages []api.Message, tools []api.Tool, thinkValue *api.ThinkValue) (string, error) {
+	var sb strings.Builder
+
+	sb.WriteString("[gMASK]<sop>")
+
+	if len(tools) > 0 {
+		sb.WriteString("<|system|>\n")
+		sb.WriteString("# Tools\n\n")
+		sb.WriteString("You may call one or more functions to assist with the user query.\n\n")
+		sb.WriteString("You are provided with function signatures within <tools></tools> XML tags:\n")
+		sb.WriteString("<tools>\n")
+		for _, tool := range tools {
+			d, _ := json.Marshal(tool)
+			sb.WriteString(formatToolJSON(d))
+			sb.WriteString("\n")
+		}
+		sb.WriteString("</tools>\n\n")
+		sb.WriteString("For each function call, output the function name and arguments within the following XML format:\n")
+		sb.WriteString("<tool_call>{function-name}<arg_key>{arg-key-1}</arg_key><arg_value>{arg-value-1}</arg_value><arg_key>{arg-key-2}</arg_key><arg_value>{arg-value-2}</arg_value>...</tool_call>")
+	}
+
+	think := true
+	if thinkValue != nil && !thinkValue.Bool() {
+		think = false
+	}
+
+	for i, message := range messages {
+		switch message.Role {
+		case "user":
+			sb.WriteString("<|user|>")
+			sb.WriteString(message.Content)
+		case "assistant":
+			sb.WriteString("<|assistant|>")
+			if message.Thinking != "" {
+				sb.WriteString("<think>" + message.Thinking + "</think>")
+			} else {
+				sb.WriteString("</think>")
+			}
+			if message.Content != "" {
+				sb.WriteString(message.Content)
+			}
+			if len(message.ToolCalls) > 0 {
+				for _, toolCall := range message.ToolCalls {
+					sb.WriteString("<tool_call>" + toolCall.Function.Name)
+					sb.WriteString(renderToolArguments(toolCall.Function.Arguments))
+					sb.WriteString("</tool_call>")
+				}
+			}
+		case "tool":
+			if i == 0 || messages[i-1].Role != "tool" {
+				sb.WriteString("<|observation|>")
+			}
+			sb.WriteString("<tool_response>")
+			sb.WriteString(message.Content)
+			sb.WriteString("</tool_response>")
+		case "system":
+			sb.WriteString("<|system|>")
+			sb.WriteString(message.Content)
+		}
+	}
+
+	sb.WriteString("<|assistant|>")
+	if think {
+		sb.WriteString("<think>")
+	} else {
+		sb.WriteString("</think>")
+	}
+
+	return sb.String(), nil
+}
+
+// renderToolArguments converts tool call arguments to GLM4 XML format.
+func renderToolArguments(args api.ToolCallFunctionArguments) string {
+	var sb strings.Builder
+	for key, value := range args.All() {
+		sb.WriteString("<arg_key>" + key + "</arg_key>")
+		var valueStr string
+		if str, ok := value.(string); ok {
+			valueStr = str
+		} else {
+			jsonBytes, err := json.Marshal(value)
+			if err != nil {
+				valueStr = fmt.Sprintf("%v", value)
+			} else {
+				valueStr = string(jsonBytes)
+			}
+		}
+
+		sb.WriteString("<arg_value>" + valueStr + "</arg_value>")
+	}
+
+	return sb.String()
+}
+
+// formatToolJSON formats JSON for GLM4 tool definitions by adding spaces after : and ,
+func formatToolJSON(raw []byte) string {
+	var sb strings.Builder
+	sb.Grow(len(raw) + len(raw)/10)
+
+	inString := false
+	escaped := false
+	for i := range raw {
+		ch := raw[i]
+		sb.WriteByte(ch)
+
+		if inString {
+			if escaped {
+				escaped = false
+				continue
+			}
+			if ch == '\\' {
+				escaped = true
+				continue
+			}
+			if ch == '"' {
+				inString = false
+			}
+			continue
+		}
+
+		if ch == '"' {
+			inString = true
+			continue
+		}
+
+		if ch == ':' || ch == ',' {
+			sb.WriteByte(' ')
+		}
+	}
+
+	return sb.String()
+}

x/imagegen/models/glm4_moe_lite/render_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,205 @@
+//go:build mlx
+
+package glm4_moe_lite
+
+import (
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/api"
+)
+
+func TestRendererSimple(t *testing.T) {
+	r := &Renderer{}
+
+	messages := []api.Message{
+		{Role: "user", Content: "Hello"},
+	}
+
+	// Thinking enabled (default)
+	result, err := r.Render(messages, nil, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected := "[gMASK]<sop><|user|>Hello<|assistant|><think>"
+	if result != expected {
+		t.Errorf("result = %q, want %q", result, expected)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRendererThinkingDisabled(t *testing.T) {
+	r := &Renderer{}
+
+	messages := []api.Message{
+		{Role: "user", Content: "Hello"},
+	}
+
+	tv := &api.ThinkValue{Value: false}
+
+	result, err := r.Render(messages, nil, tv)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	expected := "[gMASK]<sop><|user|>Hello<|assistant|></think>"
+	if result != expected {
+		t.Errorf("result = %q, want %q", result, expected)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRendererMultiTurn(t *testing.T) {
+	r := &Renderer{}
+
+	messages := []api.Message{
+		{Role: "user", Content: "What is 2+2?"},
+		{Role: "assistant", Content: "4", Thinking: "Let me calculate: 2+2=4"},
+		{Role: "user", Content: "And 3+3?"},
+	}
+
+	result, err := r.Render(messages, nil, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// Check key parts
+	if !strings.Contains(result, "[gMASK]<sop>") {
+		t.Error("missing [gMASK]<sop> prefix")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(result, "<|user|>What is 2+2?") {
+		t.Error("missing first user message")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(result, "<|assistant|><think>Let me calculate: 2+2=4</think>4") {
+		t.Error("missing assistant message with thinking")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(result, "<|user|>And 3+3?") {
+		t.Error("missing second user message")
+	}
+	if !strings.HasSuffix(result, "<|assistant|><think>") {
+		t.Errorf("should end with <|assistant|><think>, got suffix: %q", result[len(result)-30:])
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRendererWithSystem(t *testing.T) {
+	r := &Renderer{}
+
+	messages := []api.Message{
+		{Role: "system", Content: "You are a helpful assistant."},
+		{Role: "user", Content: "Hello"},
+	}
+
+	result, err := r.Render(messages, nil, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if !strings.Contains(result, "<|system|>You are a helpful assistant.") {
+		t.Error("missing system message")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRendererWithTools(t *testing.T) {
+	r := &Renderer{}
+
+	messages := []api.Message{
+		{Role: "user", Content: "What's the weather?"},
+	}
+
+	props := api.NewToolPropertiesMap()
+	props.Set("location", api.ToolProperty{Type: api.PropertyType{"string"}, Description: "The city"})
+	tools := []api.Tool{
+		{
+			Function: api.ToolFunction{
+				Name:        "get_weather",
+				Description: "Get the weather for a location",
+				Parameters: api.ToolFunctionParameters{
+					Type:       "object",
+					Properties: props,
+					Required:   []string{"location"},
+				},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	result, err := r.Render(messages, tools, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// Check for tool system prompt
+	if !strings.Contains(result, "<|system|>") {
+		t.Error("missing system tag for tools")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(result, "# Tools") {
+		t.Error("missing tools header")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(result, "<tools>") {
+		t.Error("missing tools tag")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(result, "get_weather") {
+		t.Error("missing tool name")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(result, "</tools>") {
+		t.Error("missing closing tools tag")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRendererWithToolCalls(t *testing.T) {
+	r := &Renderer{}
+
+	args := api.NewToolCallFunctionArguments()
+	args.Set("location", "San Francisco")
+
+	messages := []api.Message{
+		{Role: "user", Content: "What's the weather in SF?"},
+		{
+			Role: "assistant",
+			ToolCalls: []api.ToolCall{
+				{
+					Function: api.ToolCallFunction{
+						Name:      "get_weather",
+						Arguments: args,
+					},
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		{Role: "tool", Content: "Sunny, 72F"},
+	}
+
+	result, err := r.Render(messages, nil, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if !strings.Contains(result, "<tool_call>get_weather") {
+		t.Error("missing tool call")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(result, "<arg_key>location</arg_key>") {
+		t.Error("missing arg_key")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(result, "<arg_value>San Francisco</arg_value>") {
+		t.Error("missing arg_value")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(result, "</tool_call>") {
+		t.Error("missing tool call closing tag")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(result, "<|observation|>") {
+		t.Error("missing observation tag")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(result, "<tool_response>Sunny, 72F</tool_response>") {
+		t.Error("missing tool response")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestFormatToolJSON(t *testing.T) {
+	input := []byte(`{"name":"test","value":123}`)
+	result := formatToolJSON(input)
+
+	// Should add spaces after : and ,
+	if !strings.Contains(result, ": ") {
+		t.Error("should add space after colon")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(result, ", ") {
+		t.Error("should add space after comma")
+	}
+}

x/imagegen/nn/nn.go

@@ -32,10 +32,16 @@ func NewLinear(weight *mlx.Array, bias *mlx.Array) *Linear {
 
 // NewQuantizedLinear creates a quantized linear layer directly from bf16 weights.
 // Quantizes the weight immediately and evaluates to break lazy dependencies.
+// Note: For modes like "nvfp4", qbiases will be nil.
 func NewQuantizedLinear(weight *mlx.Array, bias *mlx.Array, groupSize, bits int, mode string) *QuantizedLinear {
 	qw, scales, qbiases := mlx.Quantize(weight, groupSize, bits, mode)
 	// Eval immediately so bf16 weight can be freed
-	mlx.Eval(qw, scales, qbiases)
+	// Handle modes that don't return qbiases (e.g., nvfp4)
+	if qbiases != nil {
+		mlx.Eval(qw, scales, qbiases)
+	} else {
+		mlx.Eval(qw, scales)
+	}
 	return &QuantizedLinear{
 		Weight:    qw,
 		Scales:    scales,
@@ -77,10 +83,13 @@ func (l *Linear) ToQuantized(groupSize, bits int, mode string) *QuantizedLinear
 
 // QuantizedLinear applies an affine transformation using quantized weights.
 // Equivalent to mlx.nn.QuantizedLinear.
+// Supports multiple quantization modes:
+//   - "affine": scale + zero-point bias (QBiases required)
+//   - "nvfp4": NVIDIA FP4 with E4M3 scales (QBiases nil)
 type QuantizedLinear struct {
 	Weight    *mlx.Array // Quantized weight data
 	Scales    *mlx.Array // Scale factors for dequantization
-	QBiases   *mlx.Array // Quantization biases (NOT layer bias)
+	QBiases   *mlx.Array // Quantization biases (NOT layer bias), nil for nvfp4
 	Bias      *mlx.Array // Layer bias [output_dims] or nil
 	GroupSize int
 	Bits      int
@@ -220,3 +229,32 @@ func (ln *LayerNorm) Forward(x *mlx.Array) *mlx.Array {
 	}
 	return out
 }
+
+// MultiLinearLayer is an interface for per-head linear layers.
+// This allows swapping between MultiLinear (bf16) and pre-dequantized weights.
+type MultiLinearLayer interface {
+	Forward(x *mlx.Array) *mlx.Array
+}
+
+// MultiLinear performs per-head linear projections.
+// Weight shape: [num_heads, output_dims, input_dims]
+// Input shape: [B, num_heads, L, input_dims]
+// Output shape: [B, num_heads, L, output_dims]
+type MultiLinear struct {
+	Weight *mlx.Array `weight:"weight"`
+}
+
+// NewMultiLinear creates a MultiLinear layer with the given weight.
+func NewMultiLinear(weight *mlx.Array) *MultiLinear {
+	return &MultiLinear{Weight: weight}
+}
+
+// Forward applies per-head linear transformation: x @ weight.T per head via broadcasting.
+func (ml *MultiLinear) Forward(x *mlx.Array) *mlx.Array {
+	// Weight: [num_heads, output_dims, input_dims]
+	// x: [B, num_heads, L, input_dims]
+	// wT: [num_heads, input_dims, output_dims]
+	// Result: [B, num_heads, L, output_dims]
+	wT := mlx.Transpose(ml.Weight, 0, 2, 1)
+	return mlx.Matmul(x, wT)
+}

x/imagegen/runner/runner.go

@@ -1,284 +0,0 @@
-//go:build mlx
-
-// Package runner provides a subprocess server for image generation.
-// It listens on a port and handles HTTP requests for image generation.
-package runner
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"encoding/json"
-	"flag"
-	"fmt"
-	"image"
-	"log/slog"
-	"net/http"
-	"os"
-	"os/signal"
-	"sync"
-	"syscall"
-	"time"
-
-	"github.com/ollama/ollama/x/imagegen"
-	"github.com/ollama/ollama/x/imagegen/mlx"
-	"github.com/ollama/ollama/x/imagegen/models/flux2"
-	"github.com/ollama/ollama/x/imagegen/models/zimage"
-)
-
-// Request is the image generation request format
-type Request struct {
-	Prompt string   `json:"prompt"`
-	Width  int32    `json:"width,omitempty"`
-	Height int32    `json:"height,omitempty"`
-	Steps  int      `json:"steps,omitempty"`
-	Seed   int64    `json:"seed,omitempty"`
-	Images [][]byte `json:"images,omitempty"` // Input images for image editing/conditioning
-}
-
-// Response is streamed back for each progress update
-type Response struct {
-	Content string `json:"content,omitempty"`
-	Image   string `json:"image,omitempty"` // Base64-encoded PNG
-	Done    bool   `json:"done"`
-	Step    int    `json:"step,omitempty"`
-	Total   int    `json:"total,omitempty"`
-}
-
-// ImageModel is the interface for image generation models
-type ImageModel interface {
-	GenerateImage(ctx context.Context, prompt string, width, height int32, steps int, seed int64, progress func(step, total int)) (*mlx.Array, error)
-}
-
-// ImageEditModel extends ImageModel with image editing/conditioning capability.
-// Models that support input images for editing should implement this interface.
-type ImageEditModel interface {
-	ImageModel
-	GenerateImageWithInputs(ctx context.Context, prompt string, width, height int32, steps int, seed int64, inputImages []image.Image, progress func(step, total int)) (*mlx.Array, error)
-}
-
-// Server holds the model and handles requests
-type Server struct {
-	mu        sync.Mutex
-	model     ImageModel
-	modelName string
-}
-
-// Execute is the entry point for the image runner subprocess
-func Execute(args []string) error {
-	fs := flag.NewFlagSet("image-runner", flag.ExitOnError)
-	modelName := fs.String("model", "", "path to image model")
-	port := fs.Int("port", 0, "port to listen on")
-
-	if err := fs.Parse(args); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	if *modelName == "" {
-		return fmt.Errorf("--model is required")
-	}
-	if *port == 0 {
-		return fmt.Errorf("--port is required")
-	}
-
-	err := mlx.InitMLX()
-	if err != nil {
-		slog.Error("unable to initialize MLX", "error", err)
-		return err
-	}
-	slog.Info("MLX library initialized")
-	slog.Info("starting image runner", "model", *modelName, "port", *port)
-
-	// Detect model type and load appropriate model
-	modelType := imagegen.DetectModelType(*modelName)
-	slog.Info("detected model type", "type", modelType)
-
-	var model ImageModel
-	switch modelType {
-	case "Flux2KleinPipeline":
-		m := &flux2.Model{}
-		if err := m.Load(*modelName); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to load model: %w", err)
-		}
-		model = m
-	default:
-		// Default to Z-Image for ZImagePipeline, FluxPipeline, etc.
-		m := &zimage.Model{}
-		if err := m.Load(*modelName); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to load model: %w", err)
-		}
-		model = m
-	}
-
-	server := &Server{
-		model:     model,
-		modelName: *modelName,
-	}
-
-	// Set up HTTP handlers
-	mux := http.NewServeMux()
-	mux.HandleFunc("/health", server.healthHandler)
-	mux.HandleFunc("/completion", server.completionHandler)
-
-	httpServer := &http.Server{
-		Addr:    fmt.Sprintf("127.0.0.1:%d", *port),
-		Handler: mux,
-	}
-
-	// Handle shutdown
-	done := make(chan struct{})
-	go func() {
-		sigCh := make(chan os.Signal, 1)
-		signal.Notify(sigCh, syscall.SIGINT, syscall.SIGTERM)
-		<-sigCh
-		slog.Info("shutting down image runner")
-		ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 5*time.Second)
-		defer cancel()
-		httpServer.Shutdown(ctx)
-		close(done)
-	}()
-
-	slog.Info("image runner listening", "addr", httpServer.Addr)
-	if err := httpServer.ListenAndServe(); err != http.ErrServerClosed {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	<-done
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (s *Server) healthHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-	w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)
-	json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(map[string]string{"status": "ok"})
-}
-
-func (s *Server) completionHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-	if r.Method != http.MethodPost {
-		http.Error(w, "method not allowed", http.StatusMethodNotAllowed)
-		return
-	}
-
-	var req Request
-	if err := json.NewDecoder(r.Body).Decode(&req); err != nil {
-		http.Error(w, err.Error(), http.StatusBadRequest)
-		return
-	}
-
-	// Validate and decode input images
-	const maxInputImages = 2
-	if len(req.Images) > maxInputImages {
-		http.Error(w, fmt.Sprintf("too many input images, maximum is %d", maxInputImages), http.StatusBadRequest)
-		return
-	}
-
-	var inputImages []image.Image
-	if len(req.Images) > 0 {
-		// TODO: add memory check for input images
-
-		inputImages = make([]image.Image, len(req.Images))
-		for i, imgBytes := range req.Images {
-			img, err := imagegen.DecodeImage(imgBytes)
-			if err != nil {
-				http.Error(w, fmt.Sprintf("invalid image %d: %v", i, err), http.StatusBadRequest)
-				return
-			}
-			inputImages[i] = img
-		}
-		slog.Info("decoded input images", "count", len(inputImages))
-
-		// Default width/height to first input image dimensions, scaled to max 1024
-		bounds := inputImages[0].Bounds()
-		w, h := bounds.Dx(), bounds.Dy()
-		if w > 1024 || h > 1024 {
-			if w > h {
-				h = h * 1024 / w
-				w = 1024
-			} else {
-				w = w * 1024 / h
-				h = 1024
-			}
-		}
-		req.Width = int32(w)
-		req.Height = int32(h)
-	}
-
-	// Serialize generation requests - MLX model may not handle concurrent generation
-	s.mu.Lock()
-	defer s.mu.Unlock()
-
-	// Model applies its own defaults for width/height/steps
-	// Only seed needs to be set here if not provided
-	if req.Seed <= 0 {
-		req.Seed = time.Now().UnixNano()
-	}
-
-	// Set up streaming response
-	w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/x-ndjson")
-	w.Header().Set("Transfer-Encoding", "chunked")
-	flusher, ok := w.(http.Flusher)
-	if !ok {
-		http.Error(w, "streaming not supported", http.StatusInternalServerError)
-		return
-	}
-
-	// Generate image using the common interface
-	ctx := r.Context()
-	enc := json.NewEncoder(w)
-
-	// Progress callback streams step updates
-	progress := func(step, total int) {
-		resp := Response{Step: step, Total: total}
-		enc.Encode(resp)
-		w.Write([]byte("\n"))
-		flusher.Flush()
-	}
-
-	// Use ImageEditModel if available and images provided, otherwise use basic ImageModel
-	var img *mlx.Array
-	var err error
-	if len(inputImages) > 0 {
-		editModel, ok := s.model.(ImageEditModel)
-		if !ok {
-			http.Error(w, "model does not support image editing", http.StatusBadRequest)
-			return
-		}
-		img, err = editModel.GenerateImageWithInputs(ctx, req.Prompt, req.Width, req.Height, req.Steps, req.Seed, inputImages, progress)
-	} else {
-		img, err = s.model.GenerateImage(ctx, req.Prompt, req.Width, req.Height, req.Steps, req.Seed, progress)
-	}
-
-	if err != nil {
-		// Don't send error for cancellation
-		if ctx.Err() != nil {
-			return
-		}
-		resp := Response{Content: fmt.Sprintf("error: %v", err), Done: true}
-		data, _ := json.Marshal(resp)
-		w.Write(data)
-		w.Write([]byte("\n"))
-		return
-	}
-
-	// Encode image as base64 PNG
-	imageData, err := imagegen.EncodeImageBase64(img)
-	if err != nil {
-		resp := Response{Content: fmt.Sprintf("error encoding: %v", err), Done: true}
-		data, _ := json.Marshal(resp)
-		w.Write(data)
-		w.Write([]byte("\n"))
-		return
-	}
-
-	// Free the generated image array and clean up MLX state
-	img.Free()
-	mlx.ClearCache()
-	mlx.MetalResetPeakMemory()
-
-	// Send final response with image data
-	resp := Response{
-		Image: imageData,
-		Done:  true,
-	}
-	data, _ := json.Marshal(resp)
-	w.Write(data)
-	w.Write([]byte("\n"))
-	flusher.Flush()
-}

x/imagegen/safetensors/loader.go

@@ -17,17 +17,31 @@ type WeightSource interface {
 	GetTensor(name string) (*mlx.Array, error)
 	ListTensors() []string
 	HasTensor(name string) bool
-	Quantization() string // Returns "FP4", "FP8", or ""
+	Quantization() string // Returns "NVFP4", "Q4", "Q8", or ""
+	GroupSize() int       // Returns quantization group size, or 0 if not specified
 }
 
-// quantizationParams returns groupSize, bits, mode for a quantization type.
-// Returns defaults (32, 8, "affine") for unknown types (backward compatibility).
-func quantizationParams(quantization string) (groupSize, bits int, mode string) {
+// QuantizationParams returns groupSize, bits, mode for a quantization type.
+// MLX quantization modes:
+//   - "affine": scale + zero-point bias, group_size=32/64/128
+//   - "nvfp4": NVIDIA FP4 with E4M3 scales, group_size=16 (no bias)
+//   - "mxfp8": Microsoft MX FP8 with E4M3 scales, group_size=32 (no bias)
+func QuantizationParams(quantization string) (groupSize, bits int, mode string) {
 	switch strings.ToUpper(quantization) {
-	case "FP4":
+	case "NVFP4":
+		// NVIDIA FP4: group_size=16, bits=4, E4M3 scales (no qbias)
+		return 16, 4, "nvfp4"
+	case "FP4", "Q4", "INT4":
+		// 4-bit quantization with affine mode (scale + qbias)
 		return 32, 4, "affine"
+	case "MXFP8":
+		// Microsoft MX FP8: group_size=32, bits=8, E4M3 scales (no qbias)
+		return 32, 8, "mxfp8"
+	case "FP8", "Q8", "INT8", "":
+		// 8-bit quantization with affine mode (default for quantized models)
+		return 64, 8, "affine"
 	default:
-		return 32, 8, "affine" // FP8 or unknown
+		return 32, 8, "affine" // Default to affine
 	}
 }
 
@@ -122,7 +136,8 @@ func loadStruct(v reflect.Value, weights WeightSource, prefix string, errs *[]st
 		}
 
 		// Handle nn.LinearLayer interface fields specially
-		if field.Type == reflect.TypeOf((*nn.LinearLayer)(nil)).Elem() {
+		linearLayerType := reflect.TypeOf((*nn.LinearLayer)(nil)).Elem()
+		if field.Type == linearLayerType {
 			if !hasTag {
 				continue // no tag = skip
 			}
@@ -137,6 +152,23 @@ func loadStruct(v reflect.Value, weights WeightSource, prefix string, errs *[]st
 			continue
 		}
 
+		// Handle nn.MultiLinearLayer interface fields specially
+		multiLinearLayerType := reflect.TypeOf((*nn.MultiLinearLayer)(nil)).Elem()
+		if field.Type == multiLinearLayerType {
+			if !hasTag {
+				continue // no tag = skip
+			}
+			layer, err := LoadMultiLinearLayer(weights, fullPath)
+			if err != nil {
+				if !optional {
+					*errs = append(*errs, fullPath+": "+err.Error())
+				}
+				continue
+			}
+			fieldVal.Set(reflect.ValueOf(layer))
+			continue
+		}
+
 		// Handle by kind
 		switch fieldVal.Kind() {
 		case reflect.Ptr:
@@ -216,12 +248,86 @@ func joinPath(prefix, suffix string) string {
 	return prefix + "." + suffix
 }
 
+// LoadMultiLinearLayer loads a per-head linear layer from weights.
+// Weight shape should be [num_heads, output_dims, input_dims].
+// If quantized, always dequantizes since batched quantized matmul isn't supported.
+func LoadMultiLinearLayer(weights WeightSource, path string) (nn.MultiLinearLayer, error) {
+	// Check if this is a quantized layer by looking for scale tensor
+	scalePath := path + ".weight_scale"
+	hasScale := weights.HasTensor(scalePath)
+
+	weight, err := weights.GetTensor(path + ".weight")
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to load weight %s: %w", path, err)
+	}
+
+	if hasScale {
+		scales, err := weights.GetTensor(scalePath)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to load scales %s: %w", scalePath, err)
+		}
+
+		var qbiases *mlx.Array
+		qbiasPath := path + ".weight_qbias"
+		if weights.HasTensor(qbiasPath) {
+			qbiases, _ = weights.GetTensor(qbiasPath)
+		}
+
+		// Always dequantize for MultiLinear - no batched quantized matmul support
+		// Detect bits from tensor shapes (supports mixed-precision Q4/Q8)
+		weightShape := weight.Shape()
+		scalesShape := scales.Shape()
+		weightCols := int(weightShape[len(weightShape)-1])
+		scalesCols := int(scalesShape[len(scalesShape)-1])
+
+		// Detect quantization from tensor shapes
+		// groupSize = weightCols * packFactor / scalesCols
+		// Note: groupSize4 = 2 * groupSize8 always, so ambiguous cases need metadata
+		groupSize4 := weightCols * 8 / scalesCols
+		groupSize8 := weightCols * 4 / scalesCols
+
+		var bits, groupSize int
+		// Use metadata to help disambiguate when shapes are ambiguous
+		// (e.g., Q4 with group_size=64 has same shapes as Q8 with group_size=32)
+		quantType := strings.ToUpper(weights.Quantization())
+		isQ8Type := quantType == "Q8" || quantType == "FP8" || quantType == "INT8"
+
+		if groupSize4 == 32 {
+			// Unambiguous: Q4 with group_size=32
+			bits = 4
+			groupSize = 32
+		} else if groupSize8 == 64 {
+			// Unambiguous: Q8 with group_size=64
+			bits = 8
+			groupSize = 64
+		} else if groupSize4 == 64 && groupSize8 == 32 {
+			// Ambiguous: could be Q4/gs=64 or Q8/gs=32, use metadata
+			if isQ8Type {
+				bits = 8
+				groupSize = 32
+			} else {
+				bits = 4
+				groupSize = 64
+			}
+		} else {
+			// Fallback: use global quantization params
+			_, bits, _ = QuantizationParams(weights.Quantization())
+			packFactor := 32 / bits
+			groupSize = weightCols * packFactor / scalesCols
+		}
+		weight = mlx.Dequantize(weight, scales, qbiases, groupSize, bits, "affine")
+	}
+
+	return nn.NewMultiLinear(weight), nil
+}
+
 // LoadLinearLayer loads a linear layer from weights, automatically detecting if it's quantized.
-// If {path}.weight_scale exists, dequantizes the weights.
+// If {path}.weight_scale exists, creates a QuantizedLinear layer (or dequantizes if no kernel support).
 func LoadLinearLayer(weights WeightSource, path string) (nn.LinearLayer, error) {
 	// Check if this is a quantized layer by looking for scale tensor
 	scalePath := path + ".weight_scale"
-	if weights.HasTensor(scalePath) {
+	hasScale := weights.HasTensor(scalePath)
+	if hasScale {
 		weight, err := weights.GetTensor(path + ".weight")
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to load quantized weight %s: %w", path, err)
@@ -245,9 +351,52 @@ func LoadLinearLayer(weights WeightSource, path string) (nn.LinearLayer, error)
 			qbiases, _ = weights.GetTensor(qbiasPath)
 		}
 
-		groupSize, bits, mode := quantizationParams(weights.Quantization())
+		// Detect bits from tensor shapes (supports mixed-precision Q4/Q8)
+		weightShape := weight.Shape()
+		scalesShape := scales.Shape()
+		weightCols := int(weightShape[len(weightShape)-1])
+		scalesCols := int(scalesShape[len(scalesShape)-1])
 
-		if mlx.MetalIsAvailable() {
+		// Detect quantization from tensor shapes
+		// groupSize = weightCols * packFactor / scalesCols
+		// Note: groupSize4 = 2 * groupSize8 always, so ambiguous cases need metadata
+		groupSize4 := weightCols * 8 / scalesCols
+		groupSize8 := weightCols * 4 / scalesCols
+
+		var bits, groupSize int
+		mode := "affine"
+		// Use metadata to help disambiguate when shapes are ambiguous
+		// (e.g., Q4 with group_size=64 has same shapes as Q8 with group_size=32)
+		quantType := strings.ToUpper(weights.Quantization())
+		isQ8Type := quantType == "Q8" || quantType == "FP8" || quantType == "INT8"
+
+		if groupSize4 == 32 {
+			// Unambiguous: Q4 with group_size=32
+			bits = 4
+			groupSize = 32
+		} else if groupSize8 == 64 {
+			// Unambiguous: Q8 with group_size=64
+			bits = 8
+			groupSize = 64
+		} else if groupSize4 == 64 && groupSize8 == 32 {
+			// Ambiguous: could be Q4/gs=64 or Q8/gs=32, use metadata
+			if isQ8Type {
+				bits = 8
+				groupSize = 32
+			} else {
+				bits = 4
+				groupSize = 64
+			}
+		} else {
+			// Fallback: use global quantization params
+			_, bits, mode = QuantizationParams(weights.Quantization())
+			packFactor := 32 / bits
+			groupSize = weightCols * packFactor / scalesCols
+		}
+
+		// NVFP4 and MXFP8 don't have native quantized matmul kernels in MLX,
+		// so we always dequantize at load time. Affine modes (FP4, FP8) have kernel support.
+		if mlx.MetalIsAvailable() && mode != "nvfp4" && mode != "mxfp8" {
 			return &nn.QuantizedLinear{
 				Weight:    weight,
 				Scales:    scales,

x/imagegen/safetensors/safetensors.go

@@ -303,6 +303,11 @@ func (mw *ModelWeights) Quantization() string {
 	return ""
 }
 
+// GroupSize returns 0 for directory-based weights (use default).
+func (mw *ModelWeights) GroupSize() int {
+	return 0
+}
+
 // ReleaseAll releases all cached native file handles.
 func (mw *ModelWeights) ReleaseAll() {
 	for path, native := range mw.nativeCache {

x/imagegen/server_test.go

@@ -1,48 +0,0 @@
-package imagegen
-
-import (
-	"runtime"
-	"testing"
-)
-
-// TestPlatformSupport verifies platform validation works correctly.
-func TestPlatformSupport(t *testing.T) {
-	err := CheckPlatformSupport()
-
-	switch runtime.GOOS {
-	case "darwin":
-		if runtime.GOARCH == "arm64" {
-			// Apple Silicon should be supported
-			if err != nil {
-				t.Errorf("Expected nil error on darwin/arm64, got: %v", err)
-			}
-		} else {
-			// Intel Mac should fail
-			if err == nil {
-				t.Error("Expected error on darwin/amd64 (Intel), got nil")
-			}
-			if err != nil && err.Error() == "" {
-				t.Error("Expected meaningful error message for unsupported platform")
-			}
-		}
-	case "linux", "windows":
-		// Linux/Windows are allowed (CUDA support checked at runtime)
-		if err != nil {
-			t.Errorf("Expected nil error on %s, got: %v", runtime.GOOS, err)
-		}
-	default:
-		// Other platforms should fail
-		if err == nil {
-			t.Errorf("Expected error on unsupported platform %s, got nil", runtime.GOOS)
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-// TestServerInterfaceCompliance verifies Server implements llm.LlamaServer.
-// This is a compile-time check but we document it as a test.
-func TestServerInterfaceCompliance(t *testing.T) {
-	// The var _ llm.LlamaServer = (*Server)(nil) line in server.go
-	// ensures compile-time interface compliance.
-	// This test documents that requirement.
-	t.Log("Server implements llm.LlamaServer interface (compile-time checked)")
-}

x/imagegen/weights.go

@@ -20,20 +20,28 @@ type ManifestWeights struct {
 	nativeCache []*mlx.SafetensorsFile        // keep native handles alive
 }
 
-// LoadWeightsFromManifest creates a weight loader for a component from manifest storage.
+// LoadWeightsFromManifest creates a weight loader from manifest storage.
+// If component is empty, loads all tensors (for LLM models).
+// If component is specified, loads only tensors for that component and strips the prefix.
 func LoadWeightsFromManifest(manifest *ModelManifest, component string) (*ManifestWeights, error) {
 	layers := manifest.GetTensorLayers(component)
 	if len(layers) == 0 {
+		if component == "" {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("no tensor layers found in manifest")
+		}
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("no tensor layers found for component %q", component)
 	}
 
 	// Strip component prefix from tensor names for model loading
 	// e.g., "text_encoder/model.embed_tokens.weight" -> "model.embed_tokens.weight"
-	prefix := component + "/"
 	tensors := make(map[string]ManifestLayer, len(layers))
 	for _, layer := range layers {
-		tensorName := strings.TrimPrefix(layer.Name, prefix)
-		tensors[tensorName] = layer
+		if component == "" {
+			tensors[layer.Name] = layer
+		} else {
+			tensorName := strings.TrimPrefix(layer.Name, component+"/")
+			tensors[tensorName] = layer
+		}
 	}
 
 	return &ManifestWeights{
@@ -48,19 +56,30 @@ func LoadWeightsFromManifest(manifest *ModelManifest, component string) (*Manife
 // Blobs are stored in safetensors format for native mlx_load_safetensors mmap.
 // If dtype is non-zero, tensors are converted to the specified dtype.
 func (mw *ManifestWeights) Load(dtype mlx.Dtype) error {
+	// Track native handles to free after batch eval
+	nativeHandles := make([]*mlx.SafetensorsFile, 0, len(mw.tensors))
+	arrays := make([]*mlx.Array, 0, len(mw.tensors))
+
 	for name, layer := range mw.tensors {
 		path := mw.manifest.BlobPath(layer.Digest)
 
 		// Load blob as safetensors (native mmap, zero-copy)
 		sf, err := mlx.LoadSafetensorsNative(path)
 		if err != nil {
+			// Free any handles we've accumulated
+			for _, h := range nativeHandles {
+				h.Free()
+			}
 			return fmt.Errorf("load %s: %w", name, err)
 		}
+		nativeHandles = append(nativeHandles, sf)
 
 		// Blob contains single tensor named "data"
 		arr := sf.Get("data")
 		if arr == nil {
-			sf.Free()
+			for _, h := range nativeHandles {
+				h.Free()
+			}
 			return fmt.Errorf("tensor 'data' not found in blob for %s", name)
 		}
 
@@ -68,11 +87,18 @@ func (mw *ManifestWeights) Load(dtype mlx.Dtype) error {
 		if dtype != 0 && arr.Dtype() != dtype {
 			arr = mlx.AsType(arr, dtype)
 		}
-		// ALWAYS make a contiguous copy to ensure independence from mmap
+		// Make contiguous copy to ensure independence from mmap
 		arr = mlx.Contiguous(arr)
-		mlx.Eval(arr)
 		mw.cache[name] = arr
-		sf.Free() // Safe to free - arr is now an independent copy
+		arrays = append(arrays, arr)
+	}
+
+	// Batch evaluate all tensors at once (much faster than one at a time)
+	mlx.Eval(arrays...)
+
+	// Now safe to free all native handles
+	for _, sf := range nativeHandles {
+		sf.Free()
 	}
 
 	return nil
@@ -107,18 +133,112 @@ func (mw *ManifestWeights) HasTensor(name string) bool {
 }
 
 // Quantization returns the model's quantization type from model_index.json.
-// Returns empty string if not quantized or unknown.
+// Returns empty string if not quantized.
+// Falls back to detecting from tensor names and shapes if not in config.
 func (mw *ManifestWeights) Quantization() string {
 	if mw.manifest == nil {
 		return ""
 	}
+
+	// Try to read from model_index.json first
 	var index struct {
 		Quantization string `json:"quantization"`
 	}
-	if err := mw.manifest.ReadConfigJSON("model_index.json", &index); err != nil {
+	if err := mw.manifest.ReadConfigJSON("model_index.json", &index); err == nil && index.Quantization != "" {
+		return index.Quantization
+	}
+
+	// Fallback: detect from tensor names
+	// Check if any tensors have _scale suffix (indicates quantization)
+	hasScales := false
+	hasQBias := false
+	for name := range mw.tensors {
+		if strings.HasSuffix(name, ".weight_scale") {
+			hasScales = true
+		}
+		if strings.HasSuffix(name, ".weight_qbias") {
+			hasQBias = true
+		}
+	}
+
+	if !hasScales {
+		// No scales = not quantized
 		return ""
 	}
-	return index.Quantization
+
+	// Has scales but no qbias = NVFP4 (or other non-affine mode)
+	if !hasQBias {
+		return "NVFP4"
+	}
+
+	// Has both scales and qbias = affine mode
+	// Need to determine FP4 vs FP8 from tensor shapes
+	// FP4: weight last dim is 1/8 of scales last dim * group_size
+	// FP8: weight last dim is 1/4 of scales last dim * group_size
+	//
+	// For affine mode with group_size=32:
+	// - FP4 (4 bits): 8 elements packed per uint32, so weight_dim = orig_dim / 8
+	// - FP8 (8 bits): 4 elements packed per uint32, so weight_dim = orig_dim / 4
+	// scales_dim = orig_dim / group_size
+	// So: weight_dim / scales_dim = group_size / pack_factor
+	// FP4: ratio = 32/8 = 4
+	// FP8: ratio = 32/4 = 8
+
+	// Find a weight/scale pair to check the ratio
+	for name := range mw.tensors {
+		if !strings.HasSuffix(name, ".weight") || strings.Contains(name, "_scale") || strings.Contains(name, "_qbias") {
+			continue
+		}
+		scaleName := name + "_scale"
+		if _, ok := mw.tensors[scaleName]; !ok {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// Load both tensors to check shapes
+		weightLayer := mw.tensors[name]
+		scaleLayer := mw.tensors[scaleName]
+
+		// Get shapes from manifest layer metadata if available
+		// For now, default to FP4 since it's more common
+		// The actual shape check would require loading the tensor
+
+		// Simple heuristic: check if scale tensor is ~4x smaller than weight
+		// FP4: weight is packed 8 per uint32, scales are 1 per group (32)
+		// So scale size should be ~weight_size * 8 / 32 = weight_size / 4
+		// FP8: weight is packed 4 per uint32, scales are 1 per group (32)
+		// So scale size should be ~weight_size * 4 / 32 = weight_size / 8
+
+		// Rough size heuristic (assuming float16 scales)
+		// Q4: scale_bytes ≈ weight_bytes / 4 * 2 / 4 = weight_bytes / 8
+		// Q8: scale_bytes ≈ weight_bytes / 8 * 2 / 4 = weight_bytes / 16
+		ratio := float64(weightLayer.Size) / float64(scaleLayer.Size)
+		if ratio < 12 {
+			// Closer to 8 = Q4
+			return "Q4"
+		}
+		// Closer to 16 = Q8
+		return "Q8"
+	}
+
+	// Default to Q4 for affine mode (most common)
+	return "Q4"
+}
+
+// GroupSize returns the quantization group size from model_index.json.
+// Returns 0 if not specified (caller should use default based on quantization type).
+func (mw *ManifestWeights) GroupSize() int {
+	if mw.manifest == nil {
+		return 0
+	}
+
+	var index struct {
+		GroupSize int `json:"group_size"`
+	}
+	if err := mw.manifest.ReadConfigJSON("model_index.json", &index); err == nil && index.GroupSize > 0 {
+		return index.GroupSize
+	}
+
+	return 0
 }
 
 // ReleaseAll frees all native handles and clears the tensor cache.

x/kvcache/causal.go

@@ -1,797 +1,144 @@
+//go:build mlx
+
 package kvcache
 
-// import (
-// 	"errors"
-// 	"fmt"
-// 	"log/slog"
-// 	"math"
-// 	"slices"
-
-// 	"github.com/ollama/ollama/ml"
-// 	"github.com/ollama/ollama/model/input"
-// )
-
-// type shiftFn func(ctx ml.Context, layer int, key, shift ml.Tensor) (ml.Tensor, error)
-
-// // Causal cache stores K and V tensors according to their position in the
-// // sequence. Returns the history and a mask for attending to past tokens
-// //
-// // The tensors are of shape embed dim, kv heads, batch size
-// // The mask is of shape history size, batch size
-// type Causal struct {
-// 	DType ml.DType
-
-// 	// swaWindowSize is the number of tokens that will be included in the mask
-// 	// during attention operations. swaMemorySize is the number of tokens that
-// 	// will be retained in memory for partial prefix caching. Set to math.MaxInt32
-// 	// for unlimited or if sliding window attention is not being used.
-// 	swaWindowSize int32
-// 	swaMemorySize int32
-
-// 	chunkSize int32
-
-// 	opts CausalOptions
-
-// 	// maxBatch is the largest batch that we might receive
-// 	maxBatch int
-
-// 	// config controls mostly backend-specific optimizations
-// 	config *ml.CacheConfig
-
-// 	// ** current forward pass **
-
-// 	// size of the current batch
-// 	curBatchSize int
-
-// 	// locations for data storage for this batch
-// 	curLoc ml.Tensor
-
-// 	// mask of the cache as used by this batch
-// 	curMask ml.Tensor
-
-// 	// the active layer for Get and Put
-// 	curLayer int
-
-// 	// locations in the cache that are needed for this batch
-// 	curCellRange cellRange
-
-// 	// curSequences is the sequences corresponding to this pass's entries in the cache
-// 	curSequences []int
-
-// 	// curPositions is the positions corresponding to this pass's entries in the cache
-// 	curPositions []int32
-
-// 	// ** cache metadata **
-
-// 	// for each possible location in the cache, stores the position and set of sequences
-// 	// that reference the data there
-// 	cells []cacheCell
-
-// 	// maps from sequence to the range of locations where it is stored in the cache
-// 	cellRanges map[int]cellRange
-
-// 	// ** cache data storage **
-
-// 	shiftFn      shiftFn
-// 	backend      ml.Backend
-// 	ctxs         map[int]ml.Context
-// 	keys, values map[int]ml.Tensor
-
-// 	kHeadDims, vHeadDims, numKVHeads map[int]int
-// }
-
-// type cacheCell struct {
-// 	pos       int32
-// 	sequences []int
-// }
-
-// type cellRange struct {
-// 	min int
-// 	max int
-// }
-
-// func NewCausalCache(shift shiftFn) *Causal {
-// 	return &Causal{
-// 		shiftFn:    shift,
-// 		ctxs:       make(map[int]ml.Context),
-// 		keys:       make(map[int]ml.Tensor),
-// 		values:     make(map[int]ml.Tensor),
-// 		kHeadDims:  make(map[int]int),
-// 		vHeadDims:  make(map[int]int),
-// 		numKVHeads: make(map[int]int),
-// 	}
-// }
-
-// func NewSWACache(windowSize int32, shift shiftFn) *Causal {
-// 	return &Causal{
-// 		swaWindowSize: windowSize,
-// 		shiftFn:       shift,
-// 		ctxs:          make(map[int]ml.Context),
-// 		keys:          make(map[int]ml.Tensor),
-// 		values:        make(map[int]ml.Tensor),
-// 		kHeadDims:     make(map[int]int),
-// 		vHeadDims:     make(map[int]int),
-// 		numKVHeads:    make(map[int]int),
-// 	}
-// }
-
-// func NewSWAMemCache(windowSize int32, memorySize int32, shift shiftFn) *Causal {
-// 	return &Causal{
-// 		swaWindowSize: windowSize,
-// 		swaMemorySize: memorySize,
-// 		shiftFn:       shift,
-// 		ctxs:          make(map[int]ml.Context),
-// 		keys:          make(map[int]ml.Tensor),
-// 		values:        make(map[int]ml.Tensor),
-// 		kHeadDims:     make(map[int]int),
-// 		vHeadDims:     make(map[int]int),
-// 		numKVHeads:    make(map[int]int),
-// 	}
-// }
-
-// func NewChunkedAttentionCache(chunkSize int32, shift shiftFn) *Causal {
-// 	return &Causal{
-// 		chunkSize:  chunkSize,
-// 		shiftFn:    shift,
-// 		ctxs:       make(map[int]ml.Context),
-// 		keys:       make(map[int]ml.Tensor),
-// 		values:     make(map[int]ml.Tensor),
-// 		kHeadDims:  make(map[int]int),
-// 		vHeadDims:  make(map[int]int),
-// 		numKVHeads: make(map[int]int),
-// 	}
-// }
-
-// func (c *Causal) Init(backend ml.Backend, dtype ml.DType, maxSequences, capacity, maxBatch int) {
-// 	if c.config == nil {
-// 		var config ml.CacheConfig
-// 		if cc, ok := backend.(ml.BackendCacheConfig); ok {
-// 			config = cc.CacheConfig()
-// 		}
-// 		c.config = &config
-// 	}
-
-// 	if c.config.CachePadding == 0 {
-// 		c.config.CachePadding = 1
-// 	}
-
-// 	if c.config.MaskBatchPadding == 0 {
-// 		c.config.MaskBatchPadding = 1
-// 	}
-
-// 	// TODO what types do we handle here?
-// 	// if c.config.MaskDType == ml.DTypeOther {
-// 	// 	c.config.MaskDType = ml.DTypeFloat32
-// 	// }
-
-// 	if c.swaWindowSize == 0 {
-// 		c.swaWindowSize = math.MaxInt32
-// 	}
-// 	if c.swaMemorySize == 0 {
-// 		c.swaMemorySize = c.swaWindowSize
-// 	}
-// 	// We will allocate space in the cache for the stop token, which won't be part of a follow on
-// 	// sequence, so allocate an extra token of storage to ensure that we can jump back without
-// 	// causing a cache break. As an optimization, only do this when we have parallel sequences
-// 	// because the extra token will live in the batch buffer and won't get overwritten if we
-// 	// only have a single sequence.
-// 	if c.swaMemorySize != math.MaxInt32 && maxSequences > 1 {
-// 		c.swaMemorySize = max(c.swaMemorySize, c.swaWindowSize+1)
-// 	}
-// 	if int(c.swaMemorySize) >= capacity {
-// 		c.swaMemorySize = math.MaxInt32
-// 	}
-
-// 	if c.swaMemorySize < c.swaWindowSize {
-// 		panic(fmt.Errorf("sliding window memory (%v) must be at least as large as the window (%v)", c.swaMemorySize, c.swaWindowSize))
-// 	}
-
-// 	var cacheSize int
-// 	if c.swaMemorySize == math.MaxInt32 {
-// 		cacheSize = maxSequences * capacity
-// 	} else {
-// 		cacheSize = (maxSequences * int(c.swaMemorySize)) + maxBatch
-// 	}
-// 	cacheSize = roundUp(cacheSize, c.config.CachePadding)
-// 	c.cells = make([]cacheCell, cacheSize)
-
-// 	c.DType = dtype
-// 	c.cellRanges = make(map[int]cellRange)
-// 	c.backend = backend
-// 	c.maxBatch = maxBatch
-// }
-
-// func (c *Causal) SetConfig(config ml.CacheConfig) {
-// 	if c.config != nil {
-// 		panic("config cannot be changed after being previously set, either by the model or backend")
-// 	}
-
-// 	c.config = &config
-// }
-
-// func (c *Causal) Close() {
-// 	slog.Info("XXX Causal.Close called", "number of contexts", len(c.ctxs))
-// 	for _, ctx := range c.ctxs {
-// 		ctx.Close()
-// 	}
-// }
-
-// func (c *Causal) StartForward(ctx ml.Context, batch input.Batch, reserve bool) error {
-// 	slog.Info("XXX Causal.StartForward", "cell count", len(c.cells), "prior batch size", c.curBatchSize, "positions", len(batch.Positions), "reserve", reserve, "batch", batch)
-// 	// panic("XXX Causal.StartForward")
-// 	c.curBatchSize = len(batch.Positions)
-// 	c.curSequences = batch.Sequences
-// 	c.curPositions = batch.Positions
-// 	c.opts.Except = nil
-
-// 	var locs []int32
-// 	if !reserve {
-// 		c.updateSlidingWindow()
-
-// 		var err error
-// 		locs, err = c.findLocs()
-// 		if err != nil {
-// 			return err
-// 		}
-// 		slog.Info("XXX Causal.StartForward", "findLocs len", len(locs))
-
-// 		for i, pos := range batch.Positions {
-// 			seq := batch.Sequences[i]
-// 			loc := int(locs[i])
-
-// 			c.cells[loc] = cacheCell{pos: pos, sequences: []int{seq}}
-
-// 			seqRange, ok := c.cellRanges[seq]
-// 			if !ok {
-// 				seqRange = newRange()
-// 			}
-
-// 			seqRange.min = min(seqRange.min, loc)
-// 			c.curCellRange.min = min(c.curCellRange.min, loc)
-
-// 			seqRange.max = max(seqRange.max, loc)
-// 			c.curCellRange.max = max(c.curCellRange.max, loc)
-
-// 			c.cellRanges[seq] = seqRange
-// 		}
-// 	} else {
-// 		// If we are reserving memory, don't update any of the cache metadata but set the size
-// 		// to the worst case.
-// 		locs = make([]int32, c.curBatchSize)
-// 		for i := range locs {
-// 			locs[i] = int32(i)
-// 		}
-// 		c.curCellRange.min = 0
-// 		c.curCellRange.max = len(c.cells) - 1
-// 	}
-
-// 	// XXX Building up the locs for what's already processed (if any)
-// 	dummyLocs := []int{}
-// 	c.curCellRange.min = roundDown(c.curCellRange.min, c.config.CachePadding)
-// 	c.curCellRange.max = roundUp(c.curCellRange.max+1, c.config.CachePadding) - 1
-
-// 	for i := range c.curBatchSize {
-// 		enabled := !slices.Contains(c.opts.Except, i)
-// 		for j := c.curCellRange.min; j <= c.curCellRange.max; j++ {
-// 			if !slices.Contains(c.cells[j].sequences, c.curSequences[i]) ||
-// 				(enabled && c.cells[j].pos > c.curPositions[i]) ||
-// 				c.chunkSize > 0 && c.cells[j].pos < c.curPositions[i]-c.curPositions[i]%c.chunkSize ||
-// 				c.cells[j].pos < c.curPositions[i]-c.swaWindowSize {
-// 				// mask[i*length+(j-c.curCellRange.min)] = float32(math.Inf(-1))
-// 			} else {
-// 				if len(dummyLocs) == 0 || dummyLocs[len(dummyLocs)-1] != i {
-// 					dummyLocs = append(dummyLocs, i)
-// 				}
-// 			}
-// 		}
-// 	}
-// 	slog.Info("XXX Causa.StartForward calculated locations", "locs", dummyLocs)
-
-// 	slog.Info("XXX Causal.StartForward", "locs", locs)
-// 	c.curLoc = ctx.Input().FromInts(locs, len(locs))
-// 	c.curMask = c.buildMask(ctx)
-
-// 	return nil
-// }
-
-// func newRange() cellRange {
-// 	return cellRange{
-// 		min: math.MaxInt,
-// 		max: 0,
-// 	}
-// }
-
-// // Returns a slice of locations where each token in the batch should be stored
-// func (c *Causal) findLocs() ([]int32, error) {
-// 	loc := make([]int32, 0, c.curBatchSize)
-
-// 	for i := range c.cells {
-// 		if len(c.cells[i].sequences) == 0 {
-// 			loc = append(loc, int32(i))
-// 			if len(loc) >= c.curBatchSize {
-// 				return loc, nil
-// 			}
-// 		}
-// 	}
-
-// 	return nil, fmt.Errorf("%w (cache: %v batch: %v)", ErrKvCacheFull, len(c.cells), c.curBatchSize)
-// }
-
-// func (c *Causal) updateSlidingWindow() {
-// 	c.curCellRange = newRange()
-
-// 	if c.swaMemorySize == math.MaxInt32 {
-// 		for _, seq := range c.curSequences {
-// 			if seqRange, ok := c.cellRanges[seq]; ok {
-// 				c.curCellRange.min = min(c.curCellRange.min, seqRange.min)
-// 				c.curCellRange.max = max(c.curCellRange.max, seqRange.max)
-// 			}
-// 		}
-
-// 		return
-// 	}
-
-// 	type lowestPosition struct {
-// 		pos      int32
-// 		curBatch bool
-// 	}
-
-// 	// create a map of unique sequences to the lowest position in that sequence
-// 	lowestPos := make(map[int]lowestPosition)
-// 	for i := range c.curPositions {
-// 		seq := c.curSequences[i]
-
-// 		lowest, ok := lowestPos[seq]
-// 		if !ok {
-// 			lowest = lowestPosition{pos: c.curPositions[i], curBatch: true}
-// 		} else if c.curPositions[i] < lowest.pos {
-// 			lowest.pos = c.curPositions[i]
-// 		}
-
-// 		lowestPos[seq] = lowest
-// 	}
-
-// 	// for any sequences are not part of this batch, clean up any tokens
-// 	// that are no longer needed after the processing of the previous
-// 	// batch
-// 	for seq, seqRange := range c.cellRanges {
-// 		if _, ok := lowestPos[seq]; !ok {
-// 			var last int32
-// 			for i := seqRange.min; i <= seqRange.max; i++ {
-// 				if slices.Contains(c.cells[i].sequences, seq) {
-// 					last = max(last, c.cells[i].pos)
-// 				}
-// 			}
-
-// 			lowestPos[seq] = lowestPosition{pos: last + 1, curBatch: false}
-// 		}
-// 	}
-
-// 	// delete any entries that are beyond the window of the oldest position in the sequence
-// 	for seq, lowest := range lowestPos {
-// 		oldRange, ok := c.cellRanges[seq]
-// 		if !ok {
-// 			continue
-// 		}
-
-// 		newRange := newRange()
-
-// 		for i := oldRange.min; i <= oldRange.max; i++ {
-// 			if slices.Contains(c.cells[i].sequences, seq) {
-// 				if c.cells[i].pos < lowest.pos-c.swaMemorySize {
-// 					c.cells[i].sequences = slices.DeleteFunc(c.cells[i].sequences, func(s int) bool { return s == seq })
-// 				} else {
-// 					newRange.min = min(newRange.min, i)
-// 					newRange.max = max(newRange.max, i)
-// 				}
-// 				if lowest.curBatch && c.cells[i].pos >= lowest.pos-c.swaWindowSize {
-// 					c.curCellRange.min = min(c.curCellRange.min, i)
-// 					c.curCellRange.max = max(c.curCellRange.max, i)
-// 				}
-// 			}
-// 		}
-
-// 		c.cellRanges[seq] = newRange
-// 	}
-// }
-
-// func roundDown(length, pad int) int {
-// 	return (length / pad) * pad
-// }
-
-// func roundUp(length, pad int) int {
-// 	return ((length + pad - 1) / pad) * pad
-// }
-
-// // Builds a mask of history x batch indicating whether for each token in the batch the
-// // token in the history should apply. This is based on both the sequence and causality (the
-// // position of the history is not ahead of the token in the batch).
-// func (c *Causal) buildMask(ctx ml.Context) ml.Tensor {
-// 	// Align and pad the two dimensions as required by the backend
-// 	batchSize := roundUp(c.curBatchSize, c.config.MaskBatchPadding)
-
-// 	c.curCellRange.min = roundDown(c.curCellRange.min, c.config.CachePadding)
-// 	c.curCellRange.max = roundUp(c.curCellRange.max+1, c.config.CachePadding) - 1
-
-// 	length := c.curCellRange.max - c.curCellRange.min + 1
-
-// 	mask := make([]float32, batchSize*length)
-
-// 	for i := range c.curBatchSize {
-// 		enabled := !slices.Contains(c.opts.Except, i)
-// 		for j := c.curCellRange.min; j <= c.curCellRange.max; j++ {
-// 			if !slices.Contains(c.cells[j].sequences, c.curSequences[i]) ||
-// 				(enabled && c.cells[j].pos > c.curPositions[i]) ||
-// 				c.chunkSize > 0 && c.cells[j].pos < c.curPositions[i]-c.curPositions[i]%c.chunkSize ||
-// 				c.cells[j].pos < c.curPositions[i]-c.swaWindowSize {
-// 				mask[i*length+(j-c.curCellRange.min)] = float32(math.Inf(-1))
-// 			}
-// 		}
-// 	}
-
-// 	// Mask out any padding tokens we added. For padding that we added to the cache history, this
-// 	// has already been masked out because the sequence doesn't match.
-// 	for i := c.curBatchSize * length; i < len(mask); i++ {
-// 		mask[i] = float32(math.Inf(-1))
-// 	}
-
-// 	maskTensor := ctx.Input().FromFloats(mask, batchSize, length)
-
-// 	// if c.config.MaskDType != ml.DTypeFloat32 {
-// 	// 	maskTensor = maskTensor.Cast(ctx, c.config.MaskDType)
-// 	// }
-
-// 	slog.Info("XXX Causal.buildMask", "c.curBatchSize", c.curBatchSize, "c.config.MaskBatchPadding", c.config.MaskBatchPadding, "c.curCellRange.min", c.curCellRange.min, "c.curCellRange.max", c.curCellRange.max, "size", len(mask), "shape", []int{1, batchSize, length})
-
-// 	return maskTensor
-// }
-
-// func (c *Causal) SetLayer(layer int) {
-// 	c.curLayer = layer
-// }
-
-// type CausalOptions struct {
-// 	// Enabled controls whether the causal mask is generated for a particular index in a batch
-// 	Except []int
-// }
-
-// // SetCausal disables causal mask generation for a particular range of indicies in
-// // the current batch for subsequent calls to Get. The state resets for the next forward pass.
-// func (c *Causal) SetCausal(ctx ml.Context, opts CausalOptions) {
-// 	if !slices.Equal(c.opts.Except, opts.Except) {
-// 		c.opts = opts
-// 		if ctx != nil {
-// 			c.curMask = c.buildMask(ctx)
-// 		}
-// 	}
-// }
-
-// func (c *Causal) Get(ctx ml.Context) (ml.Tensor, ml.Tensor, ml.Tensor) {
-// 	key := c.keys[c.curLayer]
-// 	value := c.values[c.curLayer]
-
-// 	kHeadDim := c.kHeadDims[c.curLayer]
-// 	vHeadDim := c.vHeadDims[c.curLayer]
-// 	numKVHeads := c.numKVHeads[c.curLayer]
-// 	// rowSize := numKVHeads * c.curBatchSize
-// 	// cachedSize := c.curMask.Dim(1)
-// 	cachedSize := c.curLoc.Dim(0)
-// 	// kCellSize := kHeadDim * numKVHeads
-// 	// vCellSize := vHeadDim * numKVHeads
-
-// 	slog.Info("XXX Causal.Get full cache", "key", key)
-// 	slog.Info("XXX Causal.Get full cache", "value", value)
-// 	slog.Info("XXX Causal.Get full cache", "curloc", c.curLoc)
-// 	slog.Info("XXX Causal.Get", "curMask", c.curMask)
-// 	slog.Info("XXX Causal.Get", "kHeadDim", kHeadDim, "numKVHeads", numKVHeads, "cachedSize", cachedSize, "kHeadDim", kHeadDim)
-// 	// panic("XXX")
-
-// 	// fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, key.ToString())
-// 	// panic("full cache value")
-
-// 	// TODO we should use TakeAxes to gather the cells from curLoc, but for now to be consistent with GGML, just grab a larger chunk and mask
-// 	key = key.TakeAxes(ctx, c.curLoc, 0).Reshape(ctx, 1, numKVHeads, cachedSize, kHeadDim)
-// 	// key = key.AsStrided(ctx, []int{1, numKVHeads, cachedSize, kHeadDim}, []int{}, rowSize*c.curCellRange.min)
-
-// 	// slog.Info("XXX Causal.Get after AsStrided", "key", key)
-// 	// panic("XXX")
-
-// 	// if c.config.PermutedV {
-// 	// 	panic("permuted")
-// 	// 	// TODO not converted
-// 	// 	vHeadDim := value.Dim(1)
-// 	// 	elemSize := value.Stride(2)
-
-// 	// 	value = value.AsStrided(ctx,
-// 	// 		[]int{numKVHeads, vHeadDim, cachedSize},
-// 	// 		[]int{value.Stride(0), value.Stride(1)},
-// 	// 		elemSize*c.curCellRange.min,
-// 	// 	)
-// 	// } else {
-// 	// vHeadDim := c.vHeadDims[c.curLayer]
-// 	// rowSize := value.Stride(2)
-// 	// slog.Info("XXX Causal.Get before AsStrided", "vHeadDim", vHeadDim, "rowSize", rowSize)
-// 	// panic("XXX")
-
-// 	// TODO we should use TakeAxes to gather the cells from curLoc, but for now to be consistent with GGML, just grab a larger chunk and mask
-// 	value = value.TakeAxes(ctx, c.curLoc, 0).Reshape(ctx, 1, numKVHeads, cachedSize, vHeadDim)
-// 	// value = value.AsStrided(ctx, []int{1, numKVHeads, cachedSize, vHeadDim}, []int{}, rowSize*c.curCellRange.min)
-
-// 	// slog.Info("XXX Causal.Get after AsStrided", "value", value)
-// 	// panic("XXX")
-
-// 	// }
-
-// 	// // TODO The mask changes from X,X to 1,X, and with the Row-order change
-// 	// // the 1 becomes trailing and messes up later operations
-// 	// // This isn't the right solution, but works around it...
-// 	// if c.curMask.Dim(1) == 1 {
-// 	// 	return key, value, c.curMask.Transpose(ctx, 1, 0, 2, 3)
-// 	// }
-// 	// fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, key.ToString())
-// 	// fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, value.ToString())
-// 	// panic("XXX")
-// 	slog.Info("XXX Mask", "curLayer", c.curLayer, "shape", c.curMask.Shape())
-
-// 	return key, value, c.curMask
-// }
-
-// func (c *Causal) Put(ctx ml.Context, key, value ml.Tensor) {
-// 	kHeadDim := key.Dim(3)
-// 	vHeadDim := value.Dim(3)
-// 	numKVHeads := key.Dim(1)
-// 	batchSize := key.Dim(2)
-// 	kCellSize := kHeadDim * numKVHeads
-// 	vCellSize := vHeadDim * numKVHeads
-
-// 	// slog.Info("XXX Causal.Put", "key", key, "value", value)
-// 	slog.Info("XXX Causal.Put", "kHeadDim", kHeadDim, "vHeadDim", vHeadDim, "numKVHeads", numKVHeads, "batchSize", batchSize)
-// 	// panic("XXX")
-
-// 	if c.curBatchSize != batchSize {
-// 		panic(fmt.Errorf("inconsistent batch sizes (layer: %v, batch size: %v layer batch size: %v)", c.curLayer, c.curBatchSize, batchSize))
-// 	}
-
-// 	// slog.Info("XXX", "c.ctxs", c.ctxs, "c.curLayer", c.curLayer, "backend", c.backend)
-// 	if _, ok := c.ctxs[c.curLayer]; !ok {
-// 		slog.Info("XXX Causal.Put creating new context", "c.curLayer", c.curLayer)
-// 		c.ctxs[c.curLayer] = c.backend.NewContext().Layer(c.curLayer)
-// 	}
-
-// 	if _, ok := c.keys[c.curLayer]; !ok {
-// 		slog.Info("XXX Causal.Put allocating keys", "c.curLayer", c.curLayer, "shape", []int{len(c.cells), kCellSize})
-
-// 		c.keys[c.curLayer] = c.ctxs[c.curLayer].Zeros(c.DType, len(c.cells), kCellSize)
-// 		c.kHeadDims[c.curLayer] = kHeadDim
-// 		c.vHeadDims[c.curLayer] = vHeadDim
-// 		c.numKVHeads[c.curLayer] = numKVHeads
-// 	}
-
-// 	if _, ok := c.values[c.curLayer]; !ok {
-// 		// if c.config.PermutedV {
-// 		// 	c.values[c.curLayer] = c.ctxs[c.curLayer].Zeros(c.DType, numKVHeads, vHeadDim, len(c.cells))
-// 		// } else {
-// 		c.values[c.curLayer] = c.ctxs[c.curLayer].Zeros(c.DType, len(c.cells), vCellSize)
-// 		// }
-// 	}
-
-// 	key = key.Reshape(ctx, batchSize, 1, kCellSize) //.Contiguous(ctx, false) // TODO contiguous may not be needed
-
-// 	// slog.Info("XXX Causal.Put after reshape", "keyCache", keyCache)
-// 	// panic("XXX")
-// 	// curLoc := 0 // TODO c.curLoc is now a tensor
-// 	// kSize := numKVHeads * kHeadDim
-// 	// vSize := numKVHeads * vHeadDim
-// 	// start := []int{int(curLoc), 0}
-// 	// kStop := []int{int(curLoc + batchSize), int(kSize)}
-// 	// vStop := []int{int(curLoc + batchSize), int(vSize)}
-// 	// strides := []int{1, 1}
-
-// 	// slog.Info("XXX Causal.Put Key SliceUpdate", "keyCache", keyCache)
-// 	// slog.Info("XXX Causal.Put Key SliceUpdate", "key", key)
-
-// 	// slog.Info("XXX Causal.Put Key SliceUpdate", "start", start, "kStop", kStop, "strides", strides)
-
-// 	// ctx.Forward(c.keys[c.curLayer].SliceUpdate(ctx, key, start, kStop, strides))
-// 	ctx.Forward(c.keys[c.curLayer].Scatter(ctx, []ml.Tensor{c.curLoc}, key, []int{0}))
-// 	// fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, keyCache.ToString())
-// 	// panic("input value")
-
-// 	// fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, t.ToString())
-// 	// panic("XXX")
-
-// 	// if c.config.PermutedV {
-// 	// 	panic("permuted")
-// 	// 	// TODO not adjusted
-// 	// 	value = value.Reshape(ctx, vHeadDim*numKVHeads, 1, batchSize)
-// 	// 	value = value.Transpose(ctx, 2, 0, 1, 3)
-
-// 	// 	valueCache := c.values[c.curLayer]
-// 	// 	valueCache = valueCache.Reshape(ctx, 1, len(c.cells), vHeadDim*numKVHeads)
-
-// 	// 	ctx.Forward(valueCache.SliceUpdate(ctx, value, start, vStop, strides))
-// 	// } else {
-// 	value = value.Reshape(ctx, batchSize, 1, vCellSize) //.Contiguous(ctx, false) // TODO contiguous may not be needed
-// 	// slog.Info("XXX Causal.Put Value SliceUpdate", "valueCache", valueCache)
-// 	// slog.Info("XXX Causal.Put Value SliceUpdate", "value", value)
-// 	// slog.Info("XXX Causal.Put Value SliceUpdate", "start", start, "vStop", vStop, "strides", strides)
-
-// 	ctx.Forward(c.values[c.curLayer].Scatter(ctx, []ml.Tensor{c.curLoc}, value, []int{0}))
-// 	// }
-// 	// fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, c.keys[c.curLayer].ToString())
-// 	// fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, c.values[c.curLayer].ToString())
-// 	// panic("XXX")
-
-// }
-
-// func (c *Causal) CopyPrefix(srcSeq, dstSeq int, len int32) {
-// 	seqRange := newRange()
-
-// 	for i := range c.cells {
-// 		// Remove the contents of dstSeq so that we only have the copied prefix, metadata will be reset at the end
-// 		if slices.Contains(c.cells[i].sequences, dstSeq) {
-// 			c.cells[i].sequences = slices.DeleteFunc(c.cells[i].sequences, func(s int) bool { return s == dstSeq })
-// 		}
-
-// 		if slices.Contains(c.cells[i].sequences, srcSeq) && c.cells[i].pos < len {
-// 			c.cells[i].sequences = append(c.cells[i].sequences, dstSeq)
-// 			if i < seqRange.min {
-// 				seqRange.min = i
-// 			}
-// 			if i > seqRange.max {
-// 				seqRange.max = i
-// 			}
-// 		}
-// 	}
-
-// 	c.cellRanges[dstSeq] = seqRange
-// }
-
-// func (c *Causal) CanResume(seq int, pos int32) bool {
-// 	if c.swaMemorySize == math.MaxInt32 {
-// 		return true
-// 	}
-
-// 	seqRange, ok := c.cellRanges[seq]
-// 	if !ok {
-// 		return false
-// 	}
-
-// 	// for sliding window, check that the window of the new sequence is contained in
-// 	// the window of what we are storing
-// 	var first int32 = math.MaxInt32
-// 	var last int32 = -1
-// 	for i := seqRange.min; i <= seqRange.max; i++ {
-// 		if slices.Contains(c.cells[i].sequences, seq) {
-// 			first = min(first, c.cells[i].pos)
-// 			last = max(last, c.cells[i].pos)
-// 		}
-// 	}
-
-// 	if last == -1 {
-// 		return false
-// 	}
-
-// 	posWindowStart := max(0, pos-c.swaWindowSize)
-// 	return posWindowStart >= first && pos <= last+1
-// }
-
-// func (c *Causal) shift(seq int, beginIndex, offset int32) error {
-// 	if c.shiftFn == nil {
-// 		return ErrNotSupported
-// 	}
-
-// 	seqRange := c.cellRanges[seq]
-
-// 	for start := seqRange.min; start <= seqRange.max; start += c.maxBatch {
-// 		size := min(seqRange.max-start+1, c.maxBatch)
-// 		offsets := make([]int32, size)
-
-// 		var batchFirst, batchLast int
-
-// 		batchFirst = -1
-// 		for i := range offsets {
-// 			cell := c.cells[start+i]
-
-// 			if slices.Contains(cell.sequences, seq) && cell.pos >= beginIndex {
-// 				offsets[i] = offset
-// 				if batchFirst < 0 {
-// 					batchFirst = i
-// 				}
-// 				batchLast = i
-// 			}
-// 		}
-
-// 		if batchFirst < 0 {
-// 			continue
-// 		}
-
-// 		offsets = offsets[batchFirst : batchLast+1]
-
-// 		slog.Info("XXX Causal.shift creating new temporary context")
-// 		ctx := c.backend.NewContext()
-// 		kShift := ctx.Input().FromInts(offsets, len(offsets))
-
-// 		for i, key := range c.keys {
-// 			if key == nil {
-// 				continue
-// 			}
-
-// 			kHeadDim := key.Dim(2)
-// 			numKVHeads := key.Dim(1)
-// 			rowSize := key.Stride(0)
-
-// 			key = key.AsStrided(ctx,
-// 				[]int{len(offsets), numKVHeads, kHeadDim},
-// 				[]int{key.Stride(0), key.Stride(1)},
-// 				rowSize*(start+batchFirst),
-// 			)
-
-// 			roped, err := c.shiftFn(ctx, i, key, kShift)
-// 			if err != nil {
-// 				ctx.Close()
-// 				return err
-// 			}
-
-// 			ctx.Forward(roped.Copy(ctx, key))
-// 		}
-
-// 		ctx.Compute()
-// 		ctx.Close()
-// 	}
-
-// 	return nil
-// }
-
-// func (c *Causal) Remove(seq int, beginIndex, endIndex int32) error {
-// 	// TODO(jessegross): We should check to see if removing the middle of the sequence will
-// 	// cause the sliding window to encompass tokens that we no longer have. If so, then we
-// 	// should return an error, which will trigger the runner to evaluate the full history and
-// 	// rebuild the window. However, if we have multimodal inputs in our history, this reuse
-// 	// results in use after free, so we don't do it for now.
-
-// 	var offset int32
-// 	if endIndex != math.MaxInt32 {
-// 		offset = beginIndex - endIndex
-// 	}
-
-// 	seqRange := newRange()
-
-// 	for i := range c.cells {
-// 		if slices.Contains(c.cells[i].sequences, seq) {
-// 			if c.cells[i].pos >= beginIndex && c.cells[i].pos < endIndex {
-// 				c.cells[i].sequences = slices.DeleteFunc(c.cells[i].sequences, func(s int) bool { return s == seq })
-// 			} else {
-// 				if c.cells[i].pos >= endIndex {
-// 					if slices.ContainsFunc(c.cells[i].sequences, func(s int) bool { return s != seq }) {
-// 						return errors.New("shifting cells shared by multiple sequences not supported")
-// 					}
-
-// 					c.cells[i].pos += offset
-// 				}
-// 				if i < seqRange.min {
-// 					seqRange.min = i
-// 				}
-// 				if i > seqRange.max {
-// 					seqRange.max = i
-// 				}
-// 			}
-// 		}
-// 	}
-
-// 	if seqRange == newRange() {
-// 		delete(c.cellRanges, seq)
-// 		return nil
-// 	}
-
-// 	c.cellRanges[seq] = seqRange
-
-// 	if endIndex != math.MaxInt32 {
-// 		err := c.shift(seq, endIndex+offset, offset)
-// 		if err != nil {
-// 			return err
-// 		}
-// 	}
-
-// 	return nil
-// }
+import (
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/x/ml"
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/x/model/input"
+)
+
+// Causal cache stores K and V tensors according to their position in the
+// sequence. Returns the history and a mask for attending to past tokens
+type Causal struct {
+	DType ml.DType
+
+	// locations for data storage for this batch
+	curLocPut ml.Tensor
+
+	// locations for data storage for this batch
+	curLocGet ml.Tensor
+
+	// the active layer for Get and Put
+	curLayer int
+
+	capacity int
+
+	offset int
+
+	backend      ml.Backend
+	ctxs         map[int]ml.Context
+	keys, values map[int]ml.Tensor
+
+	// TODO is this needed per layer, or will it always be consistent?
+	kHeadDims, vHeadDims, numKVHeads map[int]int
+}
+
+func NewCausalCache() *Causal {
+	return &Causal{
+		ctxs:       make(map[int]ml.Context),
+		keys:       make(map[int]ml.Tensor),
+		values:     make(map[int]ml.Tensor),
+		kHeadDims:  make(map[int]int),
+		vHeadDims:  make(map[int]int),
+		numKVHeads: make(map[int]int),
+	}
+}
+
+func (c *Causal) Init(backend ml.Backend, dtype ml.DType, maxSequences, capacity, maxBatch int) {
+	c.DType = dtype
+	c.capacity = capacity
+	c.backend = backend
+}
+
+func (c *Causal) SetConfig(config ml.CacheConfig) {}
+
+func (c *Causal) SetLayer(layer int) {
+	c.curLayer = layer
+}
+
+func (c *Causal) Close() {
+	// slog.Info("XXX Causal.Close called", "number of contexts", len(c.ctxs))
+	for _, ctx := range c.ctxs {
+		ctx.Close()
+	}
+}
+
+func (c *Causal) StartForward(ctx ml.Context, batch input.Batch, reserve bool) error {
+	locsPut := make([]int32, len(batch.Positions))
+	for i := c.offset; i < len(batch.Positions); i++ {
+		locsPut[i-c.offset] = int32(i)
+	}
+	c.offset += len(batch.Positions)
+	locsGet := make([]int32, c.offset)
+	for i := range c.offset {
+		locsGet[i] = int32(i)
+	}
+	c.curLocGet = ctx.Input().FromInts(locsGet, len(locsGet))
+	c.curLocPut = ctx.Input().FromInts(locsPut, len(locsPut))
+	// slog.Info("XXX Causal.StartForward", "offset", c.offset, "put", locsPut, "get", locsGet)
+
+	return nil
+}
+func (c *Causal) Put(ctx ml.Context, key, value ml.Tensor) {
+	kHeadDim := key.Dim(3)
+	vHeadDim := value.Dim(3)
+	numKVHeads := key.Dim(1)
+	batchSize := key.Dim(2)
+	kCellSize := kHeadDim * numKVHeads
+	vCellSize := vHeadDim * numKVHeads
+	// slog.Info("XXX Causal.Put", "kHeadDim", kHeadDim, "vHeadDim", vHeadDim, "numKVHeads", numKVHeads, "batchSize", batchSize, "kCellSize", kCellSize, "vCellSize", vCellSize)
+
+	if _, ok := c.ctxs[c.curLayer]; !ok {
+		// slog.Info("XXX Causal.Put creating new context", "c.curLayer", c.curLayer)
+		c.ctxs[c.curLayer] = c.backend.NewContext().Layer(c.curLayer)
+	}
+
+	if _, ok := c.keys[c.curLayer]; !ok {
+		// slog.Info("XXX Causal.Put allocating keys and values", "c.curLayer", c.curLayer, "shape", []int{c.capacity, kCellSize})
+		c.keys[c.curLayer] = c.ctxs[c.curLayer].Zeros(c.DType, c.capacity, kCellSize)
+		c.values[c.curLayer] = c.ctxs[c.curLayer].Zeros(c.DType, c.capacity, vCellSize)
+		c.kHeadDims[c.curLayer] = kHeadDim
+		c.vHeadDims[c.curLayer] = vHeadDim
+		c.numKVHeads[c.curLayer] = numKVHeads
+	}
+	key = key.Reshape(ctx, batchSize, 1, kCellSize)
+
+	// slog.Info("XXX Causal.Put ", "c.keys[c.curLayer]", c.keys[c.curLayer])
+	// slog.Info("XXX Causal.Put ", "c.curLocPut", c.curLocPut)
+	// slog.Info("XXX Causal.Put ", "key", key)
+	ctx.Forward(c.keys[c.curLayer].Scatter(ctx, []ml.Tensor{c.curLocPut}, key, []int{0}))
+	value = value.Reshape(ctx, batchSize, 1, vCellSize)
+	ctx.Forward(c.values[c.curLayer].Scatter(ctx, []ml.Tensor{c.curLocPut}, value, []int{0}))
+
+}
+
+func (c *Causal) Get(ctx ml.Context) (ml.Tensor, ml.Tensor, ml.Tensor) {
+	key := c.keys[c.curLayer]
+	value := c.values[c.curLayer]
+
+	kHeadDim := c.kHeadDims[c.curLayer]
+	vHeadDim := c.vHeadDims[c.curLayer]
+	numKVHeads := c.numKVHeads[c.curLayer]
+	// rowSize := numKVHeads * c.curBatchSize
+	// cachedSize := c.curMask.Dim(1)
+	cachedSize := c.curLocGet.Dim(0)
+	// kCellSize := kHeadDim * numKVHeads
+	// vCellSize := vHeadDim * numKVHeads
+	// slog.Info("XXX Causal.Get", "shape", []int{1, numKVHeads, cachedSize, kHeadDim})
+
+	key = key.TakeAxes(ctx, c.curLocGet, 0).Reshape(ctx, 1, numKVHeads, cachedSize, kHeadDim)
+	value = value.TakeAxes(ctx, c.curLocGet, 0).Reshape(ctx, 1, numKVHeads, cachedSize, vHeadDim)
+	return key, value, nil
+}
+
+func (c *Causal) CopyPrefix(srcSeq, dstSeq int, len int32) {
+	panic("not implemented")
+}
+
+func (c *Causal) CanResume(seq int, pos int32) bool {
+	panic("not implemented")
+}
+
+func (c *Causal) Remove(seq int, beginIndex, endIndex int32) error {
+	panic("not implemented")
+}

x/kvcache/causal_test.go

@@ -1,973 +0,0 @@
-package kvcache
-
-// import (
-// 	"fmt"
-// 	"math"
-// 	"slices"
-// 	"testing"
-
-// 	"github.com/ollama/ollama/ml"
-// 	"github.com/ollama/ollama/model/input"
-// )
-
-// type testCase struct {
-// 	name          string
-// 	in            []float32
-// 	inShape       []int
-// 	seqs          []int
-// 	pos           []int32
-// 	expected      []float32
-// 	expectedShape []int
-// 	expectedMask  []float32
-// }
-
-// func runPermutedVariants(t *testing.T, fn func(t *testing.T, backend *testBackend)) {
-// 	t.Helper()
-// 	for _, permuted := range []bool{false, true} {
-// 		t.Run(fmt.Sprintf("PermutedV=%t", permuted), func(t *testing.T) {
-// 			fn(t, &testBackend{permutedV: permuted})
-// 		})
-// 	}
-// }
-
-// func TestStore(t *testing.T) {
-// 	runPermutedVariants(t, func(t *testing.T, backend *testBackend) {
-// 		cache := NewCausalCache(nil)
-// 		defer cache.Close()
-
-// 		cache.Init(backend, ml.DTypeF16, 1, 16, 16)
-
-// 		tests := []testCase{
-// 			{
-// 				name:          "FirstBatch",
-// 				in:            []float32{111, 211, 121, 221, 131, 231, 112, 212, 122, 222, 132, 232, 113, 213, 123, 223, 133, 233, 114, 214, 124, 224, 134, 234},
-// 				inShape:       []int{2, 3, 4},
-// 				seqs:          []int{0, 0, 0, 0},
-// 				pos:           []int32{0, 1, 2, 3},
-// 				expected:      []float32{111, 211, 121, 221, 131, 231, 112, 212, 122, 222, 132, 232, 113, 213, 123, 223, 133, 233, 114, 214, 124, 224, 134, 234},
-// 				expectedShape: []int{2, 3, 4},
-// 				expectedMask:  []float32{0, float32(math.Inf(-1)), float32(math.Inf(-1)), float32(math.Inf(-1)), 0, 0, float32(math.Inf(-1)), float32(math.Inf(-1)), 0, 0, 0, float32(math.Inf(-1)), 0, 0, 0, 0},
-// 			},
-// 			{
-// 				name:          "SecondBatch",
-// 				in:            []float32{115, 215, 125, 225, 135, 235},
-// 				inShape:       []int{2, 3, 1},
-// 				seqs:          []int{0},
-// 				pos:           []int32{4},
-// 				expected:      []float32{111, 211, 121, 221, 131, 231, 112, 212, 122, 222, 132, 232, 113, 213, 123, 223, 133, 233, 114, 214, 124, 224, 134, 234, 115, 215, 125, 225, 135, 235},
-// 				expectedShape: []int{2, 3, 5},
-// 				expectedMask:  []float32{0, 0, 0, 0, 0},
-// 			},
-// 		}
-
-// 		testCache(t, backend, cache, tests)
-// 	})
-// }
-
-// func TestSWA(t *testing.T) {
-// 	runPermutedVariants(t, func(t *testing.T, backend *testBackend) {
-// 		cache := NewSWACache(1, nil)
-// 		defer cache.Close()
-
-// 		cache.Init(backend, ml.DTypeF16, 1, 16, 16)
-
-// 		x := float32(math.Inf(-1))
-
-// 		tests := []testCase{
-// 			{
-// 				name:          "FirstBatch",
-// 				in:            []float32{1, 2, 3, 4},
-// 				inShape:       []int{1, 1, 4},
-// 				seqs:          []int{0, 0, 0, 0},
-// 				pos:           []int32{0, 1, 2, 3},
-// 				expected:      []float32{1, 2, 3, 4},
-// 				expectedShape: []int{1, 1, 4},
-// 				expectedMask: []float32{
-// 					0, x, x, x,
-// 					0, 0, x, x,
-// 					x, 0, 0, x,
-// 					x, x, 0, 0,
-// 				},
-// 			},
-// 			{
-// 				name:          "SecondBatch",
-// 				in:            []float32{5, 6},
-// 				inShape:       []int{1, 1, 2},
-// 				seqs:          []int{0, 0},
-// 				pos:           []int32{4, 5},
-// 				expected:      []float32{5, 6, 3, 4},
-// 				expectedShape: []int{1, 1, 4},
-// 				expectedMask: []float32{
-// 					0, x, x, 0,
-// 					0, 0, x, x,
-// 				},
-// 			},
-// 		}
-
-// 		testCache(t, backend, cache, tests)
-// 	})
-// }
-
-// func TestSWASeparateBatches(t *testing.T) {
-// 	runPermutedVariants(t, func(t *testing.T, backend *testBackend) {
-// 		cache := NewSWACache(1, nil)
-// 		defer cache.Close()
-
-// 		cache.Init(backend, ml.DTypeF16, 2, 16, 2)
-
-// 		x := float32(math.Inf(-1))
-
-// 		tests := []testCase{
-// 			{
-// 				name:          "First seq 0",
-// 				in:            []float32{1, 2},
-// 				inShape:       []int{1, 1, 2},
-// 				seqs:          []int{0, 0},
-// 				pos:           []int32{0, 1},
-// 				expected:      []float32{1, 2},
-// 				expectedShape: []int{1, 1, 2},
-// 				expectedMask: []float32{
-// 					0, x,
-// 					0, 0,
-// 				},
-// 			},
-// 			{
-// 				name:          "Second seq 0",
-// 				in:            []float32{3, 4},
-// 				inShape:       []int{1, 1, 2},
-// 				seqs:          []int{0, 0},
-// 				pos:           []int32{2, 3},
-// 				expected:      []float32{2, 3, 4},
-// 				expectedShape: []int{1, 1, 3},
-// 				expectedMask: []float32{
-// 					0, 0, x,
-// 					x, 0, 0,
-// 				},
-// 			},
-// 			{
-// 				name:          "First seq 1",
-// 				in:            []float32{5, 6},
-// 				inShape:       []int{1, 1, 2},
-// 				seqs:          []int{1, 1},
-// 				pos:           []int32{0, 1},
-// 				expected:      []float32{5, 6},
-// 				expectedShape: []int{1, 1, 2},
-// 				expectedMask: []float32{
-// 					0, x,
-// 					0, 0,
-// 				},
-// 			},
-// 			{
-// 				name:          "Second seq 1",
-// 				in:            []float32{7, 8},
-// 				inShape:       []int{1, 1, 2},
-// 				seqs:          []int{1, 1},
-// 				pos:           []int32{2, 3},
-// 				expected:      []float32{6, 3, 4, 7, 8},
-// 				expectedShape: []int{1, 1, 5},
-// 				expectedMask: []float32{
-// 					0, x, x, 0, x,
-// 					x, x, x, 0, 0,
-// 				},
-// 			},
-// 			{
-// 				name:          "Third seq 0",
-// 				in:            []float32{9, 10},
-// 				inShape:       []int{1, 1, 2},
-// 				seqs:          []int{0, 0},
-// 				pos:           []int32{4, 5},
-// 				expected:      []float32{9, 10, 3, 4},
-// 				expectedShape: []int{1, 1, 4},
-// 				expectedMask: []float32{
-// 					0, x, x, 0,
-// 					0, 0, x, x,
-// 				},
-// 			},
-// 		}
-
-// 		testCache(t, backend, cache, tests)
-// 	})
-// }
-
-// func TestSWAMem(t *testing.T) {
-// 	runPermutedVariants(t, func(t *testing.T, backend *testBackend) {
-// 		cache := NewSWAMemCache(1, 3, nil)
-// 		defer cache.Close()
-
-// 		cache.Init(backend, ml.DTypeF16, 1, 16, 16)
-
-// 		x := float32(math.Inf(-1))
-
-// 		tests := []testCase{
-// 			{
-// 				name:          "FirstBatch",
-// 				in:            []float32{1, 2, 3, 4},
-// 				inShape:       []int{1, 1, 4},
-// 				seqs:          []int{0, 0, 0, 0},
-// 				pos:           []int32{0, 1, 2, 3},
-// 				expected:      []float32{1, 2, 3, 4},
-// 				expectedShape: []int{1, 1, 4},
-// 				expectedMask: []float32{
-// 					0, x, x, x,
-// 					0, 0, x, x,
-// 					x, 0, 0, x,
-// 					x, x, 0, 0,
-// 				},
-// 			},
-// 			{
-// 				name:          "SecondBatch",
-// 				in:            []float32{5, 6},
-// 				inShape:       []int{1, 1, 2},
-// 				seqs:          []int{0, 0},
-// 				pos:           []int32{4, 5},
-// 				expected:      []float32{5, 2, 3, 4, 6},
-// 				expectedShape: []int{1, 1, 5},
-// 				expectedMask: []float32{
-// 					0, x, x, 0, x,
-// 					0, x, x, x, 0,
-// 				},
-// 			},
-// 		}
-
-// 		testCache(t, backend, cache, tests)
-// 	})
-// }
-
-// func TestChunkedAttention(t *testing.T) {
-// 	runPermutedVariants(t, func(t *testing.T, backend *testBackend) {
-// 		cache := NewChunkedAttentionCache(2, nil)
-// 		defer cache.Close()
-
-// 		cache.Init(backend, ml.DTypeF16, 1, 16, 16)
-
-// 		x := float32(math.Inf(-1))
-
-// 		testCache(
-// 			t, backend, cache,
-// 			[]testCase{
-// 				{
-// 					name:          "FirstBatch",
-// 					in:            []float32{1, 2, 3, 4},
-// 					inShape:       []int{1, 1, 4},
-// 					seqs:          []int{0, 0, 0, 0},
-// 					pos:           []int32{0, 1, 2, 3},
-// 					expected:      []float32{1, 2, 3, 4},
-// 					expectedShape: []int{1, 1, 4},
-// 					expectedMask: []float32{
-// 						0, x, x, x,
-// 						0, 0, x, x,
-// 						x, x, 0, x,
-// 						x, x, 0, 0,
-// 					},
-// 				},
-// 				{
-// 					name:          "SecondBatch",
-// 					in:            []float32{5, 6, 7},
-// 					inShape:       []int{1, 1, 3},
-// 					seqs:          []int{0, 0, 0},
-// 					pos:           []int32{4, 5, 6},
-// 					expected:      []float32{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7},
-// 					expectedShape: []int{1, 1, 7},
-// 					expectedMask: []float32{
-// 						x, x, x, x, 0, x, x,
-// 						x, x, x, x, 0, 0, x,
-// 						x, x, x, x, x, x, 0,
-// 					},
-// 				},
-// 				{
-// 					name:          "ThirdBatch",
-// 					in:            []float32{8, 9},
-// 					inShape:       []int{1, 1, 2},
-// 					seqs:          []int{0, 0},
-// 					pos:           []int32{7, 8},
-// 					expected:      []float32{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9},
-// 					expectedShape: []int{1, 1, 9},
-// 					expectedMask: []float32{
-// 						x, x, x, x, x, x, 0, 0, x,
-// 						x, x, x, x, x, x, x, x, 0,
-// 					},
-// 				},
-// 			},
-// 		)
-// 	})
-// }
-
-// func TestSequences(t *testing.T) {
-// 	runPermutedVariants(t, func(t *testing.T, backend *testBackend) {
-// 		cache := NewCausalCache(nil)
-// 		defer cache.Close()
-
-// 		cache.Init(backend, ml.DTypeF16, 1, 16, 16)
-
-// 		tests := []testCase{
-// 			{
-// 				name:          "FirstBatch",
-// 				in:            []float32{1, 2, 3, 4},
-// 				inShape:       []int{1, 1, 4},
-// 				seqs:          []int{0, 0, 1, 1},
-// 				pos:           []int32{0, 1, 0, 1},
-// 				expected:      []float32{1, 2, 3, 4},
-// 				expectedShape: []int{1, 1, 4},
-// 				expectedMask:  []float32{0, float32(math.Inf(-1)), float32(math.Inf(-1)), float32(math.Inf(-1)), 0, 0, float32(math.Inf(-1)), float32(math.Inf(-1)), float32(math.Inf(-1)), float32(math.Inf(-1)), 0, float32(math.Inf(-1)), float32(math.Inf(-1)), float32(math.Inf(-1)), 0, 0},
-// 			},
-// 			{
-// 				name:          "SecondBatch",
-// 				in:            []float32{5, 6},
-// 				inShape:       []int{1, 1, 2},
-// 				seqs:          []int{0, 1},
-// 				pos:           []int32{2, 2},
-// 				expected:      []float32{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6},
-// 				expectedShape: []int{1, 1, 6},
-// 				expectedMask:  []float32{0, 0, float32(math.Inf(-1)), float32(math.Inf(-1)), 0, float32(math.Inf(-1)), float32(math.Inf(-1)), float32(math.Inf(-1)), 0, 0, float32(math.Inf(-1)), 0},
-// 			},
-// 		}
-
-// 		testCache(t, backend, cache, tests)
-// 	})
-// }
-
-// func TestRemove(t *testing.T) {
-// 	runPermutedVariants(t, func(t *testing.T, backend *testBackend) {
-// 		cache := NewCausalCache(func(ctx ml.Context, layer int, key, shift ml.Tensor) (ml.Tensor, error) {
-// 			return key.Add(ctx, shift), nil
-// 		})
-// 		defer cache.Close()
-
-// 		cache.Init(backend, ml.DTypeF16, 1, 16, 16)
-
-// 		x := float32(math.Inf(-1))
-
-// 		tests := []testCase{
-// 			{
-// 				name:          "FirstBatch",
-// 				in:            []float32{1, 2, 3, 4},
-// 				inShape:       []int{1, 1, 4},
-// 				seqs:          []int{0, 0, 1, 1},
-// 				pos:           []int32{0, 1, 0, 1},
-// 				expected:      []float32{1, 2, 3, 4},
-// 				expectedShape: []int{1, 1, 4},
-// 				expectedMask: []float32{
-// 					0, x, x, x,
-// 					0, 0, x, x,
-// 					x, x, 0, x,
-// 					x, x, 0, 0,
-// 				},
-// 			},
-// 		}
-
-// 		testCache(t, backend, cache, tests)
-
-// 		err := cache.Remove(0, 1, math.MaxInt32)
-// 		if err != nil {
-// 			panic(err)
-// 		}
-
-// 		tests = []testCase{
-// 			{
-// 				name:          "RemoveEnd",
-// 				in:            []float32{5, 6},
-// 				inShape:       []int{1, 1, 2},
-// 				seqs:          []int{0, 1},
-// 				pos:           []int32{1, 2},
-// 				expected:      []float32{1, 5, 3, 4, 6},
-// 				expectedShape: []int{1, 1, 5},
-// 				expectedMask: []float32{
-// 					0, 0, x, x, x,
-// 					x, x, 0, 0, 0,
-// 				},
-// 			},
-// 		}
-
-// 		testCache(t, backend, cache, tests)
-
-// 		err = cache.Remove(0, 0, 1)
-// 		if err != nil {
-// 			panic(err)
-// 		}
-
-// 		tests = []testCase{
-// 			{
-// 				name:          "RemoveMiddle",
-// 				in:            []float32{7, 8},
-// 				inShape:       []int{1, 1, 2},
-// 				seqs:          []int{0, 0},
-// 				pos:           []int32{1, 2},
-// 				expected:      []float32{7, 4, 3, 4, 6, 8},
-// 				expectedShape: []int{1, 1, 6},
-// 				expectedMask: []float32{
-// 					0, 0, x, x, x, x,
-// 					0, 0, x, x, x, 0,
-// 				},
-// 			},
-// 		}
-
-// 		testCache(t, backend, cache, tests)
-// 	})
-// }
-
-// func TestCopy(t *testing.T) {
-// 	runPermutedVariants(t, func(t *testing.T, backend *testBackend) {
-// 		cache := NewCausalCache(func(ctx ml.Context, layer int, key, shift ml.Tensor) (ml.Tensor, error) { return key, nil })
-// 		defer cache.Close()
-
-// 		cache.Init(backend, ml.DTypeF16, 1, 16, 16)
-
-// 		tests := []testCase{
-// 			{
-// 				name:          "FirstBatch",
-// 				in:            []float32{1, 2, 3, 4},
-// 				inShape:       []int{1, 1, 4},
-// 				seqs:          []int{0, 0, 0, 0},
-// 				pos:           []int32{0, 1, 2, 3},
-// 				expected:      []float32{1, 2, 3, 4},
-// 				expectedShape: []int{1, 1, 4},
-// 				expectedMask:  []float32{0, float32(math.Inf(-1)), float32(math.Inf(-1)), float32(math.Inf(-1)), 0, 0, float32(math.Inf(-1)), float32(math.Inf(-1)), 0, 0, 0, float32(math.Inf(-1)), 0, 0, 0, 0},
-// 			},
-// 		}
-
-// 		testCache(t, backend, cache, tests)
-
-// 		cache.CopyPrefix(0, 1, 2)
-
-// 		tests = []testCase{
-// 			{
-// 				name:          "Copy",
-// 				in:            []float32{5, 6},
-// 				inShape:       []int{1, 1, 2},
-// 				seqs:          []int{1, 1},
-// 				pos:           []int32{3, 4},
-// 				expected:      []float32{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6},
-// 				expectedShape: []int{1, 1, 6},
-// 				expectedMask:  []float32{0, 0, float32(math.Inf(-1)), float32(math.Inf(-1)), 0, float32(math.Inf(-1)), 0, 0, float32(math.Inf(-1)), float32(math.Inf(-1)), 0, 0},
-// 			},
-// 		}
-
-// 		testCache(t, backend, cache, tests)
-// 	})
-// }
-
-// func testCache(t *testing.T, backend ml.Backend, cache Cache, tests []testCase) {
-// 	for _, test := range tests {
-// 		t.Run(test.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-// 			context := backend.NewContext()
-// 			defer context.Close()
-
-// 			err := cache.StartForward(context, input.Batch{Positions: test.pos, Sequences: test.seqs}, false)
-// 			if err != nil {
-// 				panic(err)
-// 			}
-
-// 			cache.SetLayer(0)
-// 			tensor := context.FromFloats(test.in, test.inShape...)
-// 			cache.Put(context, tensor, tensor)
-
-// 			out, _, mask := cache.Get(context)
-
-// 			context.Forward(out, mask).Compute(out, mask)
-
-// 			if !slices.Equal(out.Floats(), test.expected) {
-// 				t.Errorf("TestCache: have %v; want %v", out.Floats(), test.expected)
-// 			}
-
-// 			if !slices.Equal(out.Shape(), test.expectedShape) {
-// 				t.Errorf("TestCache: has shape %v; want %v", out.Shape(), test.expectedShape)
-// 			}
-
-// 			if !slices.Equal(mask.Floats(), test.expectedMask) {
-// 				t.Errorf("TestCache: have mask: have %v want %v", mask.Floats(), test.expectedMask)
-// 			}
-// 		})
-// 	}
-// }
-
-// func TestCanResume(t *testing.T) {
-// 	runPermutedVariants(t, func(t *testing.T, backend *testBackend) {
-// 		windowSize := int32(4)
-// 		cache := NewSWACache(windowSize, nil)
-// 		defer cache.Close()
-
-// 		cache.Init(backend, ml.DTypeF16, 1, 16, 16)
-
-// 		context := backend.NewContext()
-// 		defer context.Close()
-
-// 		err := cache.StartForward(context, input.Batch{
-// 			Positions: []int32{0, 1, 2, 3, 4},
-// 			Sequences: []int{0, 0, 0, 0, 0},
-// 		}, false)
-// 		if err != nil {
-// 			t.Fatalf("StartForward failed: %v", err)
-// 		}
-
-// 		cache.SetLayer(0)
-// 		tensor := context.FromFloats([]float32{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, 1, 1, 5)
-// 		cache.Put(context, tensor, tensor)
-
-// 		// with window size 4, nothing has slid out of the window yet
-// 		if !cache.CanResume(0, 0) {
-// 			t.Errorf("CanResume(0, 0) = false, want true (within window)")
-// 		}
-// 		if !cache.CanResume(0, 1) {
-// 			t.Errorf("CanResume(0, 1) = false, want true (within window)")
-// 		}
-// 		if !cache.CanResume(0, 2) {
-// 			t.Errorf("CanResume(0, 2) = false, want true (within window)")
-// 		}
-// 		if !cache.CanResume(0, 3) {
-// 			t.Errorf("CanResume(0, 3) = false, want true (latest position)")
-// 		}
-// 		if !cache.CanResume(0, 4) {
-// 			t.Errorf("CanResume(0, 4) = false, want true (latest position)")
-// 		}
-
-// 		// shift window by adding position 5
-// 		err = cache.StartForward(context, input.Batch{
-// 			Positions: []int32{5},
-// 			Sequences: []int{0},
-// 		}, false)
-// 		if err != nil {
-// 			t.Fatalf("StartForward failed: %v", err)
-// 		}
-
-// 		cache.SetLayer(0)
-// 		tensor = context.FromFloats([]float32{6}, 1, 1, 1)
-// 		cache.Put(context, tensor, tensor)
-
-// 		// only the latest position has overlapping windows
-// 		if cache.CanResume(0, 0) {
-// 			t.Errorf("after shift: CanResume(0, 0) = true, want false (outside window)")
-// 		}
-// 		if cache.CanResume(0, 1) {
-// 			t.Errorf("after shift: CanResume(0, 1) = true, want false (outside window)")
-// 		}
-// 		if cache.CanResume(0, 2) {
-// 			t.Errorf("after shift: CanResume(0, 2) = true, want false (outside window)")
-// 		}
-// 		if cache.CanResume(0, 3) {
-// 			t.Errorf("after shift: CanResume(0, 3) = true, want false (outside window)")
-// 		}
-// 		if cache.CanResume(0, 4) {
-// 			t.Errorf("after shift: CanResume(0, 4) = true, want false (outside window)")
-// 		}
-// 		if !cache.CanResume(0, 5) {
-// 			t.Errorf("after shift: CanResume(0, 5) = false, want true (latest position)")
-// 		}
-// 	})
-// }
-
-// func TestCanResumeSWAMem(t *testing.T) {
-// 	runPermutedVariants(t, func(t *testing.T, backend *testBackend) {
-// 		windowSize := int32(4)
-// 		memSize := int32(5)
-// 		cache := NewSWAMemCache(windowSize, memSize, nil)
-// 		defer cache.Close()
-
-// 		cache.Init(backend, ml.DTypeF16, 1, 16, 16)
-
-// 		context := backend.NewContext()
-// 		defer context.Close()
-
-// 		err := cache.StartForward(context, input.Batch{
-// 			Positions: []int32{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6},
-// 			Sequences: []int{0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0},
-// 		}, false)
-// 		if err != nil {
-// 			t.Fatalf("StartForward failed: %v", err)
-// 		}
-
-// 		cache.SetLayer(0)
-// 		tensor := context.FromFloats([]float32{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7}, 1, 1, 7)
-// 		cache.Put(context, tensor, tensor)
-
-// 		// shift window by adding position 7
-// 		err = cache.StartForward(context, input.Batch{
-// 			Positions: []int32{7},
-// 			Sequences: []int{0},
-// 		}, false)
-// 		if err != nil {
-// 			t.Fatalf("StartForward failed: %v", err)
-// 		}
-
-// 		cache.SetLayer(0)
-// 		tensor = context.FromFloats([]float32{8}, 1, 1, 1)
-// 		cache.Put(context, tensor, tensor)
-
-// 		// only the latest position has overlapping windows
-// 		if cache.CanResume(0, 0) {
-// 			t.Errorf("after shift: CanResume(0, 0) = true, want false (outside window)")
-// 		}
-// 		if cache.CanResume(0, 1) {
-// 			t.Errorf("after shift: CanResume(0, 1) = true, want false (outside window)")
-// 		}
-// 		if cache.CanResume(0, 2) {
-// 			t.Errorf("after shift: CanResume(0, 2) = true, want false (outside window)")
-// 		}
-// 		if cache.CanResume(0, 3) {
-// 			t.Errorf("after shift: CanResume(0, 3) = true, want false (outside window)")
-// 		}
-// 		if cache.CanResume(0, 4) {
-// 			t.Errorf("after shift: CanResume(0, 4) = true, want false (outside window)")
-// 		}
-// 		if cache.CanResume(0, 5) {
-// 			t.Errorf("after shift: CanResume(0, 5) = true, want false (outside window)")
-// 		}
-// 		if !cache.CanResume(0, 6) {
-// 			t.Errorf("after shift: CanResume(0, 6) = false, want true (inside window)")
-// 		}
-// 		if !cache.CanResume(0, 7) {
-// 			t.Errorf("after shift: CanResume(0, 7) = false, want true (latest position)")
-// 		}
-// 	})
-// }
-
-// type testBackend struct {
-// 	ml.Backend
-// 	permutedV bool
-// }
-
-// func (b *testBackend) NewContext() ml.Context {
-// 	return &testContext{}
-// }
-
-// func (b *testBackend) NewContextSize(int) ml.Context {
-// 	return &testContext{}
-// }
-
-// func (b *testBackend) CacheConfig() ml.CacheConfig {
-// 	return ml.CacheConfig{PermutedV: b.permutedV}
-// }
-
-// type testContext struct {
-// 	ml.Context
-// }
-
-// func (c *testContext) Empty(dtype ml.DType, shape ...int) ml.Tensor {
-// 	total := 0
-
-// 	if len(shape) > 0 {
-// 		total = 1
-// 		for _, s := range shape {
-// 			total *= s
-// 		}
-// 	}
-
-// 	return &testTensor{dtype: dtype, elementSize: 4, data: make([]float32, total), shape: shape}
-// }
-
-// func (c *testContext) Zeros(dtype ml.DType, shape ...int) ml.Tensor {
-// 	return c.Empty(dtype, shape...)
-// }
-
-// func (c *testContext) FromFloats(s []float32, shape ...int) ml.Tensor {
-// 	t := c.Empty(ml.DTypeF32, shape...).(*testTensor)
-
-// 	copy(t.data, s)
-
-// 	return t
-// }
-
-// func (c *testContext) FromInts(s []int32, shape ...int) ml.Tensor {
-// 	f := make([]float32, len(s))
-// 	for i := range f {
-// 		f[i] = float32(s[i])
-// 	}
-
-// 	out := c.FromFloats(f, shape...)
-// 	out.(*testTensor).dtype = ml.DTypeI32
-
-// 	return out
-// }
-
-// func (c *testContext) Arange(start, stop, step float32, dtype ml.DType) ml.Tensor {
-// 	s := make([]float32, 0, int((stop-start)/step))
-// 	for i := start; i < stop; i += step {
-// 		s = append(s, i)
-// 	}
-
-// 	out := c.FromFloats(s, len(s))
-// 	out.(*testTensor).dtype = dtype
-// 	return out
-// }
-
-// func (c *testContext) Input() ml.Context    { return c }
-// func (c *testContext) Layer(int) ml.Context { return c }
-
-// func (c *testContext) Forward(...ml.Tensor) ml.Context { return c }
-
-// func (c *testContext) Compute(...ml.Tensor) {}
-
-// func (c *testContext) Reserve() {}
-
-// func (c *testContext) MaxGraphNodes() int {
-// 	return 10
-// }
-
-// func (c *testContext) Close() {}
-
-// type testTensor struct {
-// 	ml.Tensor
-
-// 	dtype       ml.DType
-// 	elementSize int
-// 	data        []float32
-// 	shape       []int
-// }
-
-// func (t *testTensor) Dim(n int) int {
-// 	return t.shape[n]
-// }
-
-// func (t *testTensor) Stride(n int) int {
-// 	stride := t.elementSize
-// 	for i := range n {
-// 		stride *= t.shape[i]
-// 	}
-
-// 	return stride
-// }
-
-// func (t *testTensor) Shape() []int {
-// 	return t.shape
-// }
-
-// func (t *testTensor) DType() ml.DType {
-// 	return t.dtype
-// }
-
-// func (t *testTensor) Floats() []float32 {
-// 	out := make([]float32, len(t.data))
-// 	copy(out, t.data)
-// 	return out
-// }
-
-// func (t *testTensor) Neg(ctx ml.Context) ml.Tensor {
-// 	out := ctx.Empty(t.DType(), t.Shape()...).(*testTensor)
-// 	for i := range out.data {
-// 		out.data[i] = -t.data[i]
-// 	}
-// 	return out
-// }
-
-// func (t *testTensor) Add(ctx ml.Context, t2 ml.Tensor) ml.Tensor {
-// 	out := ctx.Empty(t.DType(), t.Shape()...).(*testTensor)
-
-// 	for i := range out.data {
-// 		out.data[i] = t.data[i] + t2.(*testTensor).data[i]
-// 	}
-
-// 	return out
-// }
-
-// func (t *testTensor) Reshape(ctx ml.Context, shape ...int) ml.Tensor {
-// 	return &testTensor{
-// 		dtype:       t.dtype,
-// 		elementSize: t.elementSize,
-// 		data:        t.data,
-// 		shape:       shape,
-// 	}
-// }
-
-// func (t *testTensor) View(ctx ml.Context, offset int, shape ...int) ml.Tensor {
-// 	offset /= t.elementSize
-
-// 	var s []int
-
-// 	switch len(shape) {
-// 	case 1:
-// 		s = []int{shape[0]}
-// 	case 3:
-// 		s = []int{shape[0], shape[2]}
-// 	case 5:
-// 		s = []int{shape[0], shape[2], shape[4]}
-// 	default:
-// 		panic("unsupported number of dimensions")
-// 	}
-
-// 	context := &testContext{}
-
-// 	view := context.Empty(t.dtype, s...).(*testTensor)
-// 	view.data = t.data[offset : offset+len(view.data)]
-
-// 	return view
-// }
-
-// func (t *testTensor) Permute(ctx ml.Context, order ...int) ml.Tensor {
-// 	if len(t.shape) > 4 || len(order) > 4 {
-// 		panic("permute only supports up to 4 dimensions")
-// 	}
-
-// 	if len(order) != len(t.shape) && len(order) != 4 {
-// 		panic("invalid number of dimensions for permute")
-// 	}
-
-// 	// ggml_permute expects 4 axes, so fill in any missing dimensions.
-// 	orderFull := append(make([]int, 0, 4), order...)
-// 	for len(orderFull) < 4 {
-// 		orderFull = append(orderFull, len(orderFull))
-// 	}
-
-// 	seen := [4]bool{}
-
-// 	shape4 := [4]int{1, 1, 1, 1}
-// 	for i := 0; i < len(t.shape) && i < 4; i++ {
-// 		shape4[i] = t.shape[i]
-// 	}
-
-// 	newShape4 := [4]int{1, 1, 1, 1}
-// 	for axis := range 4 {
-// 		dst := orderFull[axis]
-// 		if dst < 0 || dst >= 4 {
-// 			panic("invalid axis for permute")
-// 		}
-// 		if seen[dst] {
-// 			panic("duplicate axis for permute")
-// 		}
-// 		seen[dst] = true
-// 		newShape4[dst] = shape4[axis]
-// 	}
-
-// 	total := len(t.data)
-// 	newData := make([]float32, total)
-
-// 	if total > 0 {
-// 		oldDims := shape4
-// 		newDims := newShape4
-
-// 		oldStride := [4]int{1, 1, 1, 1}
-// 		newStride := [4]int{1, 1, 1, 1}
-// 		for i := 1; i < 4; i++ {
-// 			oldStride[i] = oldStride[i-1] * oldDims[i-1]
-// 			newStride[i] = newStride[i-1] * newDims[i-1]
-// 		}
-
-// 		var coords [4]int
-// 		var newCoords [4]int
-
-// 		for idx := range total {
-// 			remainder := idx
-// 			for axis := range 4 {
-// 				dim := oldDims[axis]
-// 				if dim == 0 {
-// 					coords[axis] = 0
-// 					continue
-// 				}
-// 				coords[axis] = remainder % dim
-// 				remainder /= dim
-// 			}
-
-// 			for axis := range 4 {
-// 				newCoords[orderFull[axis]] = coords[axis]
-// 			}
-
-// 			newIndex := 0
-// 			for axis := range 4 {
-// 				if newDims[axis] == 0 {
-// 					continue
-// 				}
-// 				newIndex += newCoords[axis] * newStride[axis]
-// 			}
-
-// 			newData[newIndex] = t.data[idx]
-// 		}
-// 	}
-
-// 	numDims := 4
-// 	for numDims > 1 && newShape4[numDims-1] <= 1 {
-// 		numDims--
-// 	}
-
-// 	newShape := make([]int, numDims)
-// 	copy(newShape, newShape4[:numDims])
-
-// 	return &testTensor{
-// 		dtype:       t.dtype,
-// 		elementSize: t.elementSize,
-// 		data:        newData,
-// 		shape:       newShape,
-// 	}
-// }
-
-// func (t *testTensor) SetRows(ctx ml.Context, src ml.Tensor, idxs ml.Tensor) ml.Tensor {
-// 	dst := t
-// 	srcTensor := src.(*testTensor)
-// 	idxTensor := idxs.(*testTensor)
-
-// 	shapeTo4D := func(shape []int) [4]int {
-// 		out := [4]int{1, 1, 1, 1}
-// 		for i := 0; i < len(shape) && i < 4; i++ {
-// 			out[i] = shape[i]
-// 		}
-// 		return out
-// 	}
-
-// 	computeStrides := func(shape [4]int) [4]int {
-// 		out := [4]int{1, 1, 1, 1}
-// 		for i := 1; i < 4; i++ {
-// 			out[i] = out[i-1] * shape[i-1]
-// 		}
-// 		return out
-// 	}
-
-// 	dstShape4D := shapeTo4D(dst.shape)
-// 	srcShape4D := shapeTo4D(srcTensor.shape)
-// 	idxShape4D := shapeTo4D(idxTensor.shape)
-
-// 	if dstShape4D[0] != srcShape4D[0] || dstShape4D[2] != srcShape4D[2] || dstShape4D[3] != srcShape4D[3] {
-// 		panic("SetRows requires matching tensor shapes")
-// 	}
-
-// 	if srcShape4D[1] != idxShape4D[0] {
-// 		panic("SetRows rows/index mismatch")
-// 	}
-
-// 	if srcShape4D[2]%idxShape4D[1] != 0 || srcShape4D[3]%idxShape4D[2] != 0 {
-// 		panic("SetRows cannot broadcast indices")
-// 	}
-
-// 	if idxShape4D[3] != 1 {
-// 		panic("SetRows expects 1D or 2D index tensors")
-// 	}
-
-// 	dstStride := computeStrides(dstShape4D)
-// 	srcStride := computeStrides(srcShape4D)
-// 	idxStride := computeStrides(idxShape4D)
-
-// 	numColumns := srcShape4D[0]
-// 	numRows := srcShape4D[1]
-
-// 	for dim3Index := range dstShape4D[3] {
-// 		for dim2Index := range dstShape4D[2] {
-// 			idxDim2 := 0
-// 			idxDim3 := 0
-// 			if idxShape4D[1] > 0 {
-// 				idxDim2 = dim2Index % idxShape4D[1]
-// 			}
-// 			if idxShape4D[2] > 0 {
-// 				idxDim3 = dim3Index % idxShape4D[2]
-// 			}
-
-// 			idxBase := idxDim3*idxStride[2] + idxDim2*idxStride[1]
-// 			srcBase := dim3Index*srcStride[3] + dim2Index*srcStride[2]
-// 			dstBase := dim3Index*dstStride[3] + dim2Index*dstStride[2]
-
-// 			for row := range numRows {
-// 				idx := int(idxTensor.data[idxBase+row*idxStride[0]])
-// 				if idx < 0 || idx >= dstShape4D[1] {
-// 					panic("SetRows index out of range")
-// 				}
-
-// 				srcOffset := srcBase + row*srcStride[1]
-// 				dstOffset := dstBase + idx*dstStride[1]
-
-// 				copy(dst.data[dstOffset:dstOffset+numColumns], srcTensor.data[srcOffset:srcOffset+numColumns])
-// 			}
-// 		}
-// 	}
-
-// 	return dst
-// }
-
-// func (t *testTensor) Copy(ctx ml.Context, t2 ml.Tensor) ml.Tensor {
-// 	copy(t2.(*testTensor).data, t.data)
-// 	return nil
-// }

x/kvcache/mlx.go

@@ -1,144 +0,0 @@
-//go:build mlx
-
-package kvcache
-
-import (
-	"github.com/ollama/ollama/x/ml"
-	"github.com/ollama/ollama/x/model/input"
-)
-
-// Causal cache stores K and V tensors according to their position in the
-// sequence. Returns the history and a mask for attending to past tokens
-type MLXCausal struct {
-	DType ml.DType
-
-	// locations for data storage for this batch
-	curLocPut ml.Tensor
-
-	// locations for data storage for this batch
-	curLocGet ml.Tensor
-
-	// the active layer for Get and Put
-	curLayer int
-
-	capacity int
-
-	offset int
-
-	backend      ml.Backend
-	ctxs         map[int]ml.Context
-	keys, values map[int]ml.Tensor
-
-	// TODO is this needed per layer, or will it always be consistent?
-	kHeadDims, vHeadDims, numKVHeads map[int]int
-}
-
-func NewMLXCausalCache() *MLXCausal {
-	return &MLXCausal{
-		ctxs:       make(map[int]ml.Context),
-		keys:       make(map[int]ml.Tensor),
-		values:     make(map[int]ml.Tensor),
-		kHeadDims:  make(map[int]int),
-		vHeadDims:  make(map[int]int),
-		numKVHeads: make(map[int]int),
-	}
-}
-
-func (c *MLXCausal) Init(backend ml.Backend, dtype ml.DType, maxSequences, capacity, maxBatch int) {
-	c.DType = dtype
-	c.capacity = capacity
-	c.backend = backend
-}
-
-func (c *MLXCausal) SetConfig(config ml.CacheConfig) {}
-
-func (c *MLXCausal) SetLayer(layer int) {
-	c.curLayer = layer
-}
-
-func (c *MLXCausal) Close() {
-	// slog.Info("XXX MLXCausal.Close called", "number of contexts", len(c.ctxs))
-	for _, ctx := range c.ctxs {
-		ctx.Close()
-	}
-}
-
-func (c *MLXCausal) StartForward(ctx ml.Context, batch input.Batch, reserve bool) error {
-	locsPut := make([]int32, len(batch.Positions))
-	for i := c.offset; i < len(batch.Positions); i++ {
-		locsPut[i-c.offset] = int32(i)
-	}
-	c.offset += len(batch.Positions)
-	locsGet := make([]int32, c.offset)
-	for i := range c.offset {
-		locsGet[i] = int32(i)
-	}
-	c.curLocGet = ctx.Input().FromInts(locsGet, len(locsGet))
-	c.curLocPut = ctx.Input().FromInts(locsPut, len(locsPut))
-	// slog.Info("XXX MLXCausal.StartForward", "offset", c.offset, "put", locsPut, "get", locsGet)
-
-	return nil
-}
-func (c *MLXCausal) Put(ctx ml.Context, key, value ml.Tensor) {
-	kHeadDim := key.Dim(3)
-	vHeadDim := value.Dim(3)
-	numKVHeads := key.Dim(1)
-	batchSize := key.Dim(2)
-	kCellSize := kHeadDim * numKVHeads
-	vCellSize := vHeadDim * numKVHeads
-	// slog.Info("XXX Causal.Put", "kHeadDim", kHeadDim, "vHeadDim", vHeadDim, "numKVHeads", numKVHeads, "batchSize", batchSize, "kCellSize", kCellSize, "vCellSize", vCellSize)
-
-	if _, ok := c.ctxs[c.curLayer]; !ok {
-		// slog.Info("XXX Causal.Put creating new context", "c.curLayer", c.curLayer)
-		c.ctxs[c.curLayer] = c.backend.NewContext().Layer(c.curLayer)
-	}
-
-	if _, ok := c.keys[c.curLayer]; !ok {
-		// slog.Info("XXX MLXCausal.Put allocating keys and values", "c.curLayer", c.curLayer, "shape", []int{c.capacity, kCellSize})
-		c.keys[c.curLayer] = c.ctxs[c.curLayer].Zeros(c.DType, c.capacity, kCellSize)
-		c.values[c.curLayer] = c.ctxs[c.curLayer].Zeros(c.DType, c.capacity, vCellSize)
-		c.kHeadDims[c.curLayer] = kHeadDim
-		c.vHeadDims[c.curLayer] = vHeadDim
-		c.numKVHeads[c.curLayer] = numKVHeads
-	}
-	key = key.Reshape(ctx, batchSize, 1, kCellSize)
-
-	// slog.Info("XXX MLXCausal.Put ", "c.keys[c.curLayer]", c.keys[c.curLayer])
-	// slog.Info("XXX MLXCausal.Put ", "c.curLocPut", c.curLocPut)
-	// slog.Info("XXX MLXCausal.Put ", "key", key)
-	ctx.Forward(c.keys[c.curLayer].Scatter(ctx, []ml.Tensor{c.curLocPut}, key, []int{0}))
-	value = value.Reshape(ctx, batchSize, 1, vCellSize)
-	ctx.Forward(c.values[c.curLayer].Scatter(ctx, []ml.Tensor{c.curLocPut}, value, []int{0}))
-
-}
-
-func (c *MLXCausal) Get(ctx ml.Context) (ml.Tensor, ml.Tensor, ml.Tensor) {
-	key := c.keys[c.curLayer]
-	value := c.values[c.curLayer]
-
-	kHeadDim := c.kHeadDims[c.curLayer]
-	vHeadDim := c.vHeadDims[c.curLayer]
-	numKVHeads := c.numKVHeads[c.curLayer]
-	// rowSize := numKVHeads * c.curBatchSize
-	// cachedSize := c.curMask.Dim(1)
-	cachedSize := c.curLocGet.Dim(0)
-	// kCellSize := kHeadDim * numKVHeads
-	// vCellSize := vHeadDim * numKVHeads
-	// slog.Info("XXX MLXCausal.Get", "shape", []int{1, numKVHeads, cachedSize, kHeadDim})
-
-	key = key.TakeAxes(ctx, c.curLocGet, 0).Reshape(ctx, 1, numKVHeads, cachedSize, kHeadDim)
-	value = value.TakeAxes(ctx, c.curLocGet, 0).Reshape(ctx, 1, numKVHeads, cachedSize, vHeadDim)
-	return key, value, nil
-}
-
-func (c *MLXCausal) CopyPrefix(srcSeq, dstSeq int, len int32) {
-	panic("not implemented")
-}
-
-func (c *MLXCausal) CanResume(seq int, pos int32) bool {
-	panic("not implemented")
-}
-
-func (c *MLXCausal) Remove(seq int, beginIndex, endIndex int32) error {
-	panic("not implemented")
-}

x/mlxrunner/imagegen.go

@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+//go:build mlx
+
+package mlxrunner
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"log/slog"
+	"net/http"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/x/imagegen"
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/x/imagegen/mlx"
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/x/imagegen/models/flux2"
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/x/imagegen/models/zimage"
+)
+
+// ImageModel is the interface for image generation models.
+type ImageModel interface {
+	GenerateImage(ctx context.Context, prompt string, width, height int32, steps int, seed int64, progress func(step, total int)) (*mlx.Array, error)
+}
+
+var imageGenMu sync.Mutex
+
+// loadImageModel loads an image generation model.
+func (s *server) loadImageModel() error {
+	// Check memory requirements before loading
+	var requiredMemory uint64
+	if manifest, err := imagegen.LoadManifest(s.modelName); err == nil {
+		requiredMemory = uint64(manifest.TotalTensorSize())
+	}
+	availableMemory := mlx.GetMemoryLimit()
+	if availableMemory > 0 && requiredMemory > 0 && availableMemory < requiredMemory {
+		return fmt.Errorf("insufficient memory for image generation: need %d GB, have %d GB",
+			requiredMemory/(1024*1024*1024), availableMemory/(1024*1024*1024))
+	}
+
+	// Detect model type and load appropriate model
+	modelType := imagegen.DetectModelType(s.modelName)
+	slog.Info("detected image model type", "type", modelType)
+
+	var model ImageModel
+	switch modelType {
+	case "Flux2KleinPipeline":
+		m := &flux2.Model{}
+		if err := m.Load(s.modelName); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to load flux2 model: %w", err)
+		}
+		model = m
+	default:
+		// Default to Z-Image for ZImagePipeline, FluxPipeline, etc.
+		m := &zimage.Model{}
+		if err := m.Load(s.modelName); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to load zimage model: %w", err)
+		}
+		model = m
+	}
+
+	s.imageModel = model
+	return nil
+}
+
+// handleImageCompletion handles image generation requests.
+func (s *server) handleImageCompletion(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, req Request) {
+	// Serialize generation requests - MLX model may not handle concurrent generation
+	imageGenMu.Lock()
+	defer imageGenMu.Unlock()
+
+	// Set seed if not provided
+	if req.Seed <= 0 {
+		req.Seed = time.Now().UnixNano()
+	}
+
+	// Set up streaming response
+	w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/x-ndjson")
+	w.Header().Set("Transfer-Encoding", "chunked")
+	flusher, ok := w.(http.Flusher)
+	if !ok {
+		http.Error(w, "streaming not supported", http.StatusInternalServerError)
+		return
+	}
+
+	ctx := r.Context()
+	enc := json.NewEncoder(w)
+
+	// Progress callback streams step updates
+	progress := func(step, total int) {
+		resp := Response{Step: step, Total: total}
+		enc.Encode(resp)
+		w.Write([]byte("\n"))
+		flusher.Flush()
+	}
+
+	// Generate image
+	img, err := s.imageModel.GenerateImage(ctx, req.Prompt, req.Width, req.Height, req.Steps, req.Seed, progress)
+	if err != nil {
+		// Don't send error for cancellation
+		if ctx.Err() != nil {
+			return
+		}
+		resp := Response{Content: fmt.Sprintf("error: %v", err), Done: true}
+		data, _ := json.Marshal(resp)
+		w.Write(data)
+		w.Write([]byte("\n"))
+		return
+	}
+
+	// Encode image as base64 PNG
+	imageData, err := imagegen.EncodeImageBase64(img)
+	if err != nil {
+		resp := Response{Content: fmt.Sprintf("error encoding: %v", err), Done: true}
+		data, _ := json.Marshal(resp)
+		w.Write(data)
+		w.Write([]byte("\n"))
+		return
+	}
+
+	// Free the generated image array and clean up MLX state
+	img.Free()
+	mlx.ClearCache()
+	mlx.MetalResetPeakMemory()
+
+	// Send final response with image data
+	resp := Response{
+		Image: imageData,
+		Done:  true,
+	}
+	data, _ := json.Marshal(resp)
+	w.Write(data)
+	w.Write([]byte("\n"))
+	flusher.Flush()
+}

x/mlxrunner/llm.go

@@ -0,0 +1,420 @@
+//go:build mlx
+
+package mlxrunner
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"log/slog"
+	"net/http"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/x/imagegen"
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/x/imagegen/cache"
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/x/imagegen/mlx"
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/x/imagegen/models/glm4_moe_lite"
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/x/imagegen/tokenizer"
+)
+
+// TextModel is the interface for LLM text generation models.
+type TextModel interface {
+	Forward(tokens *mlx.Array, caches []cache.Cache) *mlx.Array
+	NewCache(maxSeqLen int32) []cache.Cache
+	Tokenizer() *tokenizer.Tokenizer
+	VocabSize() int32
+	MaxContextLength() int32
+	NumLayers() int
+}
+
+// llmState holds the state for LLM generation
+type llmState struct {
+	model TextModel
+}
+
+var llmMu sync.Mutex
+
+// Dedicated stream for generation (like mlx-lm's generation_stream)
+var generationStream *mlx.Stream
+
+// withStream runs fn with the generation stream as default
+func withStream(fn func()) {
+	// Lazy initialization of generationStream
+	if generationStream == nil {
+		generationStream = mlx.NewStream()
+	}
+	orig := mlx.GetDefaultStream()
+	mlx.SetDefaultStream(generationStream)
+	fn()
+	mlx.SetDefaultStream(orig)
+}
+
+// Decoder wraps model + cache for autoregressive generation.
+// This matches the pattern from cmd/engine/generate.go
+type Decoder struct {
+	model         TextModel
+	caches        []cache.Cache
+	vocabSize     int32
+	temp          float32
+	token         *mlx.Array   // Current token (kept across iterations)
+	oldCacheState []*mlx.Array // Preallocated slice for old cache state
+}
+
+func NewDecoder(m TextModel, temp float32) *Decoder {
+	caches := m.NewCache(0)
+	return &Decoder{
+		model:         m,
+		caches:        caches,
+		vocabSize:     m.VocabSize(),
+		temp:          temp,
+		oldCacheState: make([]*mlx.Array, 0, len(caches)*2),
+	}
+}
+
+func (d *Decoder) prefill(inputIDs []int32) int {
+	processed := 0
+
+	// Track old cache state to free after each chunk
+	var oldCacheState []*mlx.Array
+
+	// Process all-but-1 tokens in chunks, eval cache state for memory management
+	for len(inputIDs) > 1 {
+		chunkSize := min(2048, len(inputIDs)-1)
+		if chunkSize <= 0 {
+			break
+		}
+		chunk := inputIDs[:chunkSize]
+
+		// Save old cache state before forward
+		oldCacheState = oldCacheState[:0]
+		for _, c := range d.caches {
+			oldCacheState = append(oldCacheState, c.State()...)
+		}
+
+		var cacheState []*mlx.Array
+		withStream(func() {
+			x := mlx.NewArrayInt32(chunk, []int32{1, int32(len(chunk))})
+			d.model.Forward(x, d.caches)
+			for _, c := range d.caches {
+				cacheState = append(cacheState, c.State()...)
+			}
+		})
+		mlx.Eval(cacheState...)
+
+		// Free old cache state
+		for _, arr := range oldCacheState {
+			if arr != nil {
+				arr.Free()
+			}
+		}
+
+		inputIDs = inputIDs[chunkSize:]
+		processed += chunkSize
+	}
+
+	// Save old cache state before final step
+	oldCacheState = oldCacheState[:0]
+	for _, c := range d.caches {
+		oldCacheState = append(oldCacheState, c.State()...)
+	}
+
+	// Final token + sampling
+	withStream(func() {
+		x := mlx.NewArrayInt32(inputIDs, []int32{1, int32(len(inputIDs))})
+		mlx.Eval(x) // Materialize before any other evals
+		logits := d.model.Forward(x, d.caches)
+		d.token = sample(logits, d.temp, d.vocabSize)
+	})
+	// Keep cache state (token auto-kept by AsyncEval)
+	for _, c := range d.caches {
+		mlx.Keep(c.State()...)
+	}
+	mlx.AsyncEval(d.token)
+
+	// Free old cache state from before final step
+	for _, arr := range oldCacheState {
+		if arr != nil {
+			arr.Free()
+		}
+	}
+
+	mlx.ClearCache()
+
+	return processed + len(inputIDs)
+}
+
+func (d *Decoder) step() int32 {
+	prevToken := d.token
+
+	// Save old cache state (reuse preallocated slice)
+	d.oldCacheState = d.oldCacheState[:0]
+	for _, c := range d.caches {
+		d.oldCacheState = append(d.oldCacheState, c.State()...)
+	}
+
+	withStream(func() {
+		logits := d.model.Forward(mlx.Reshape(prevToken, 1, 1), d.caches)
+		d.token = sample(logits, d.temp, d.vocabSize)
+	})
+	// Keep token and new cache state so they survive cleanup
+	mlx.Keep(d.token)
+	for _, c := range d.caches {
+		mlx.Keep(c.State()...)
+	}
+	mlx.AsyncEval(d.token)
+
+	// Sync on previous token (GPU already working on next step)
+	val := prevToken.ItemInt32()
+
+	// Free old token and old cache state
+	prevToken.Free()
+	for _, arr := range d.oldCacheState {
+		arr.Free()
+	}
+	return val
+}
+
+// sample samples from logits using temperature scaling
+func sample(logits *mlx.Array, temp float32, vocabSize int32) *mlx.Array {
+	// Get last position logits: [1, L, vocab] -> [vocab]
+	shape := logits.Shape()
+	seqLen := shape[1]
+	lastLogits := mlx.Slice(logits, []int32{0, seqLen - 1, 0}, []int32{1, seqLen, vocabSize})
+	lastLogits = mlx.Reshape(lastLogits, vocabSize)
+
+	if temp <= 0 || temp < 0.01 {
+		// Greedy decoding
+		return mlx.Argmax(lastLogits, -1, false)
+	}
+
+	// Apply temperature scaling
+	scaled := mlx.DivScalar(lastLogits, temp)
+	return mlx.RandomCategorical(scaled, -1, 1)
+}
+
+// loadLLMModel loads a safetensors LLM model and its tokenizer from manifest storage.
+func (s *server) loadLLMModel() error {
+	// Load the manifest to get model information
+	manifest, err := imagegen.LoadManifest(s.modelName)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to load manifest: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// Detect model architecture from config.json
+	configData, err := manifest.ReadConfig("config.json")
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to read config.json: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	var modelConfig struct {
+		Architectures []string `json:"architectures"`
+		ModelType     string   `json:"model_type"`
+	}
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(configData, &modelConfig); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to parse config.json: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	arch := ""
+	if len(modelConfig.Architectures) > 0 {
+		arch = modelConfig.Architectures[0]
+	}
+	if arch == "" {
+		arch = modelConfig.ModelType
+	}
+
+	slog.Info("detected LLM architecture", "architecture", arch, "model_type", modelConfig.ModelType)
+
+	// Load the appropriate model based on architecture
+	var model TextModel
+	archLower := strings.ToLower(arch)
+
+	switch {
+	case strings.Contains(archLower, "glm4moelite"):
+		m, err := glm4_moe_lite.LoadFromManifest(manifest)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to load glm4-moe-lite model: %w", err)
+		}
+		model = m
+		slog.Info("loaded glm4-moe-lite model", "vocab_size", m.VocabSize(), "layers", m.NumLayers())
+
+	default:
+		return fmt.Errorf("LLM architecture %q is not yet supported. "+
+			"Supported architectures: glm4-moe-lite. "+
+			"Please convert your model to GGUF format or use a supported architecture", arch)
+	}
+
+	s.llmModel = &llmState{
+		model: model,
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// handleLLMCompletion handles LLM text generation requests.
+func (s *server) handleLLMCompletion(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, req Request) {
+	if s.llmModel == nil {
+		http.Error(w, "LLM model not loaded", http.StatusInternalServerError)
+		return
+	}
+
+	// Serialize generation requests
+	llmMu.Lock()
+	defer llmMu.Unlock()
+
+	if err := s.llmGenerate(w, r, req); err != nil {
+		slog.Error("LLM generation failed", "error", err)
+		// Don't send error if we've already started streaming
+	}
+}
+
+// llmGenerate runs the generation loop using the Decoder pattern from cmd/engine
+func (s *server) llmGenerate(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, req Request) error {
+	state := s.llmModel
+
+	// Set up streaming response
+	w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/x-ndjson")
+	w.Header().Set("Transfer-Encoding", "chunked")
+	flusher, ok := w.(http.Flusher)
+	if !ok {
+		return errors.New("streaming not supported")
+	}
+
+	tok := state.model.Tokenizer()
+
+	// The prompt is already formatted by the server using the model's renderer
+	// (see server/prompt.go renderPrompt), so we don't apply FormatPrompt here.
+	prompt := req.Prompt
+
+	// Tokenize the prompt
+	inputIDs := tok.Encode(prompt, true)
+	slog.Debug("tokenized prompt", "num_tokens", len(inputIDs))
+
+	// Generation parameters
+	maxTokens := int(state.model.MaxContextLength())
+	if maxTokens <= 0 {
+		maxTokens = 4096
+	}
+	if req.Options != nil && req.Options.NumPredict > 0 {
+		maxTokens = req.Options.NumPredict
+	}
+
+	temperature := float32(0.7)
+	if req.Options != nil && req.Options.Temperature > 0 {
+		temperature = float32(req.Options.Temperature)
+	}
+
+	// Enable MLX compilation for better performance
+	mlx.EnableCompile()
+
+	// Create decoder with fresh caches
+	dec := NewDecoder(state.model, temperature)
+
+	prefillStart := time.Now()
+	prefillTokens := dec.prefill(inputIDs)
+	// Prefill measurement includes time to first token
+	firstToken := dec.step()
+	prefillDuration := time.Since(prefillStart)
+	promptEvalDuration := prefillDuration
+
+	enc := json.NewEncoder(w)
+	ctx := r.Context()
+	generated := 0
+	stopReason := "max_tokens"
+
+	// Handle first token
+	generated++
+	if tok.IsEOS(firstToken) {
+		resp := Response{
+			Done:               true,
+			StopReason:         fmt.Sprintf("first_token_eos:%d", firstToken),
+			PromptEvalCount:    prefillTokens,
+			PromptEvalDuration: int(promptEvalDuration.Nanoseconds()),
+		}
+		enc.Encode(resp)
+		flusher.Flush()
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	text := tok.Decode([]int32{firstToken})
+	resp := Response{Content: text}
+	enc.Encode(resp)
+	flusher.Flush()
+
+	genStart := time.Now()
+
+	// Generation loop
+	for n := 1; n < maxTokens; n++ {
+		// Check for cancellation
+		select {
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+			stopReason = fmt.Sprintf("context_cancelled:%d", generated)
+			break
+		default:
+		}
+		if stopReason != "max_tokens" {
+			break
+		}
+
+		token := dec.step()
+		generated++
+
+		if tok.IsEOS(token) {
+			stopReason = fmt.Sprintf("eos_token:%d", token)
+			break
+		}
+
+		text := tok.Decode([]int32{token})
+
+		// Check for stop sequences
+		if req.Options != nil && len(req.Options.Stop) > 0 {
+			shouldStop := false
+			var matchedStop string
+			for _, stop := range req.Options.Stop {
+				if strings.Contains(text, stop) {
+					text = strings.Split(text, stop)[0]
+					shouldStop = true
+					matchedStop = stop
+					break
+				}
+			}
+			if shouldStop {
+				if text != "" {
+					resp := Response{Content: text}
+					enc.Encode(resp)
+					flusher.Flush()
+				}
+				stopReason = fmt.Sprintf("stop_sequence:%s", matchedStop)
+				break
+			}
+		}
+
+		resp := Response{Content: text}
+		enc.Encode(resp)
+		flusher.Flush()
+
+		// Periodically clear MLX cache
+		if n%256 == 0 {
+			mlx.ClearCache()
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Clean up
+	mlx.ClearCache()
+
+	// Send final response with stats
+	evalDuration := time.Since(genStart)
+	resp = Response{
+		Done:               true,
+		StopReason:         fmt.Sprintf("%s:generated=%d", stopReason, generated),
+		PromptEvalCount:    prefillTokens,
+		PromptEvalDuration: int(promptEvalDuration.Nanoseconds()),
+		EvalCount:          generated,
+		EvalDuration:       int(evalDuration.Nanoseconds()),
+	}
+	enc.Encode(resp)
+	flusher.Flush()
+
+	return nil
+}

x/mlxrunner/runner.go

@@ -0,0 +1,204 @@
+//go:build mlx
+
+// Package mlxrunner provides a unified MLX runner for both LLM and image generation models.
+package mlxrunner
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"flag"
+	"fmt"
+	"log/slog"
+	"net/http"
+	"os"
+	"os/signal"
+	"syscall"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/envconfig"
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/x/imagegen"
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/x/imagegen/mlx"
+)
+
+// Execute is the entry point for the unified MLX runner subprocess.
+func Execute(args []string) error {
+	// Set up logging with appropriate level from environment
+	slog.SetDefault(slog.New(slog.NewTextHandler(os.Stderr, &slog.HandlerOptions{Level: envconfig.LogLevel()})))
+
+	fs := flag.NewFlagSet("mlx-runner", flag.ExitOnError)
+	modelName := fs.String("model", "", "path to model")
+	port := fs.Int("port", 0, "port to listen on")
+
+	if err := fs.Parse(args); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if *modelName == "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("--model is required")
+	}
+	if *port == 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("--port is required")
+	}
+
+	// Initialize MLX
+	if err := mlx.InitMLX(); err != nil {
+		slog.Error("unable to initialize MLX", "error", err)
+		return err
+	}
+	slog.Info("MLX library initialized")
+
+	// Detect model type from capabilities
+	mode := detectModelMode(*modelName)
+	slog.Info("starting mlx runner", "model", *modelName, "port", *port, "mode", mode)
+
+	// Create and start server
+	server, err := newServer(*modelName, *port, mode)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create server: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// Set up HTTP handlers
+	mux := http.NewServeMux()
+	mux.HandleFunc("/health", server.healthHandler)
+	mux.HandleFunc("/completion", server.completionHandler)
+
+	// LLM-specific endpoints
+	if mode == ModeLLM {
+		mux.HandleFunc("/tokenize", server.tokenizeHandler)
+		mux.HandleFunc("/embedding", server.embeddingHandler)
+	}
+
+	httpServer := &http.Server{
+		Addr:    fmt.Sprintf("127.0.0.1:%d", *port),
+		Handler: mux,
+	}
+
+	// Handle shutdown
+	done := make(chan struct{})
+	go func() {
+		sigCh := make(chan os.Signal, 1)
+		signal.Notify(sigCh, syscall.SIGINT, syscall.SIGTERM)
+		<-sigCh
+		slog.Info("shutting down mlx runner")
+		ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 5*time.Second)
+		defer cancel()
+		httpServer.Shutdown(ctx)
+		close(done)
+	}()
+
+	slog.Info("mlx runner listening", "addr", httpServer.Addr)
+	if err := httpServer.ListenAndServe(); err != http.ErrServerClosed {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	<-done
+	return nil
+}
+
+// detectModelMode determines whether a model is an LLM or image generation model.
+func detectModelMode(modelName string) ModelMode {
+	// Check for image generation model by looking at model_index.json
+	modelType := imagegen.DetectModelType(modelName)
+	if modelType != "" {
+		// Known image generation model types
+		switch modelType {
+		case "ZImagePipeline", "FluxPipeline", "Flux2KleinPipeline":
+			return ModeImageGen
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Default to LLM mode for safetensors models without known image gen types
+	return ModeLLM
+}
+
+// server holds the model and handles HTTP requests.
+type server struct {
+	mode      ModelMode
+	modelName string
+	port      int
+
+	// Image generation model (when mode == ModeImageGen)
+	imageModel ImageModel
+
+	// LLM model (when mode == ModeLLM)
+	llmModel *llmState
+}
+
+// newServer creates a new server instance and loads the appropriate model.
+func newServer(modelName string, port int, mode ModelMode) (*server, error) {
+	s := &server{
+		mode:      mode,
+		modelName: modelName,
+		port:      port,
+	}
+
+	switch mode {
+	case ModeImageGen:
+		if err := s.loadImageModel(); err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to load image model: %w", err)
+		}
+	case ModeLLM:
+		if err := s.loadLLMModel(); err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to load LLM model: %w", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return s, nil
+}
+
+func (s *server) healthHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+	resp := HealthResponse{Status: "ok"}
+	w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+	json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(resp)
+}
+
+func (s *server) completionHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+	if r.Method != http.MethodPost {
+		http.Error(w, "method not allowed", http.StatusMethodNotAllowed)
+		return
+	}
+
+	var req Request
+	if err := json.NewDecoder(r.Body).Decode(&req); err != nil {
+		http.Error(w, err.Error(), http.StatusBadRequest)
+		return
+	}
+
+	switch s.mode {
+	case ModeImageGen:
+		s.handleImageCompletion(w, r, req)
+	case ModeLLM:
+		s.handleLLMCompletion(w, r, req)
+	}
+}
+
+func (s *server) tokenizeHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+	if s.llmModel == nil {
+		http.Error(w, "LLM model not loaded", http.StatusInternalServerError)
+		return
+	}
+
+	var req struct {
+		Content string `json:"content"`
+	}
+	if err := json.NewDecoder(r.Body).Decode(&req); err != nil {
+		http.Error(w, err.Error(), http.StatusBadRequest)
+		return
+	}
+
+	tok := s.llmModel.model.Tokenizer()
+	tokens := tok.Encode(req.Content, false)
+
+	// Convert int32 to int for JSON response
+	intTokens := make([]int, len(tokens))
+	for i, t := range tokens {
+		intTokens[i] = int(t)
+	}
+
+	w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+	json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(map[string][]int{"tokens": intTokens})
+}
+
+func (s *server) embeddingHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+	http.Error(w, "embeddings not yet implemented for MLX models", http.StatusNotImplemented)
+}

x/mlxrunner/runner_stub.go

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 //go:build !mlx
 
-package runner
+package mlxrunner
 
 import "errors"
 
 // Execute returns an error when not built with MLX support.
 func Execute(args []string) error {
-	return errors.New("image generation not available: build with mlx tag")
+	return errors.New("MLX runner not available: build with mlx tag")
 }

x/mlxrunner/server.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package imagegen
+package mlxrunner
 
 import (
 	"bufio"
@@ -23,19 +23,19 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/ollama/ollama/llm"
 	"github.com/ollama/ollama/ml"
+	"github.com/ollama/ollama/x/imagegen"
 )
 
-// Server wraps an image generation subprocess to implement llm.LlamaServer.
+// Server wraps an MLX runner subprocess to implement llm.LlamaServer.
 //
 // This implementation is compatible with Ollama's scheduler and can be loaded/unloaded
-// like any other model. The plan is to eventually bring this into the llm/ package
-// and evolve llm/ to support MLX and multimodal models. For now, keeping the code
-// separate allows for independent iteration on image generation support.
+// like any other model. It supports both LLM (safetensors) and image generation models.
 type Server struct {
 	mu          sync.Mutex
 	cmd         *exec.Cmd
 	port        int
 	modelName   string
+	mode        ModelMode
 	vramSize    uint64
 	done        chan error
 	client      *http.Client
@@ -43,10 +43,10 @@ type Server struct {
 	lastErrLock sync.Mutex
 }
 
-// NewServer spawns a new image generation subprocess and waits until it's ready.
-func NewServer(modelName string) (*Server, error) {
+// NewServer spawns a new MLX runner subprocess and waits until it's ready.
+func NewServer(modelName string, mode ModelMode) (*Server, error) {
 	// Validate platform support before attempting to start
-	if err := CheckPlatformSupport(); err != nil {
+	if err := imagegen.CheckPlatformSupport(); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
@@ -71,8 +71,8 @@ func NewServer(modelName string) (*Server, error) {
 		exe = eval
 	}
 
-	// Spawn subprocess: ollama runner --image-engine --model <path> --port <port>
-	cmd := exec.Command(exe, "runner", "--image-engine", "--model", modelName, "--port", strconv.Itoa(port))
+	// Spawn subprocess: ollama runner --mlx-engine --model <path> --port <port>
+	cmd := exec.Command(exe, "runner", "--mlx-engine", "--model", modelName, "--port", strconv.Itoa(port))
 	cmd.Env = os.Environ()
 
 	// On Linux, set LD_LIBRARY_PATH to include MLX library directories
@@ -105,17 +105,21 @@ func NewServer(modelName string) (*Server, error) {
 		slog.Debug("mlx subprocess library path", "LD_LIBRARY_PATH", pathEnvVal)
 	}
 
-	// Get total weight size from manifest
-	var weightSize uint64
-	if manifest, err := LoadManifest(modelName); err == nil {
-		weightSize = uint64(manifest.TotalTensorSize())
+	// Estimate VRAM based on tensor size from manifest
+	var vramSize uint64
+	if manifest, err := imagegen.LoadManifest(modelName); err == nil {
+		vramSize = uint64(manifest.TotalTensorSize())
+	} else {
+		// Fallback: default to 8GB if manifest can't be loaded
+		vramSize = 8 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024
 	}
 
 	s := &Server{
 		cmd:       cmd,
 		port:      port,
 		modelName: modelName,
-		vramSize:  weightSize,
+		mode:      mode,
+		vramSize:  vramSize,
 		done:      make(chan error, 1),
 		client:    &http.Client{Timeout: 10 * time.Minute},
 	}
@@ -126,23 +130,23 @@ func NewServer(modelName string) (*Server, error) {
 	go func() {
 		scanner := bufio.NewScanner(stdout)
 		for scanner.Scan() {
-			slog.Info("image-runner", "msg", scanner.Text())
+			slog.Info("mlx-runner", "msg", scanner.Text())
 		}
 	}()
 	go func() {
 		scanner := bufio.NewScanner(stderr)
 		for scanner.Scan() {
 			line := scanner.Text()
-			slog.Warn("image-runner", "msg", line)
+			slog.Warn("mlx-runner", "msg", line)
 			s.lastErrLock.Lock()
 			s.lastErr = line
 			s.lastErrLock.Unlock()
 		}
 	}()
 
-	slog.Info("starting image runner subprocess", "exe", exe, "model", modelName, "port", port)
+	slog.Info("starting mlx runner subprocess", "exe", exe, "model", modelName, "port", port, "mode", mode)
 	if err := cmd.Start(); err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to start image runner: %w", err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to start mlx runner: %w", err)
 	}
 
 	// Reap subprocess when it exits
@@ -165,6 +169,7 @@ func (s *Server) ModelPath() string {
 	return s.modelName
 }
 
+// Load satisfies the LlamaServer interface. MLX models don't need GPU layer assignment.
 func (s *Server) Load(ctx context.Context, systemInfo ml.SystemInfo, gpus []ml.DeviceInfo, requireFull bool) ([]ml.DeviceID, error) {
 	return nil, nil
 }
@@ -200,18 +205,18 @@ func (s *Server) waitUntilRunning() error {
 			// Include recent stderr lines for better error context
 			errMsg := s.getLastErr()
 			if errMsg != "" {
-				return fmt.Errorf("image runner failed: %s (exit: %v)", errMsg, err)
+				return fmt.Errorf("mlx runner failed: %s (exit: %v)", errMsg, err)
 			}
-			return fmt.Errorf("image runner exited unexpectedly: %w", err)
+			return fmt.Errorf("mlx runner exited unexpectedly: %w", err)
 		case <-timeout:
 			errMsg := s.getLastErr()
 			if errMsg != "" {
-				return fmt.Errorf("timeout waiting for image runner: %s", errMsg)
+				return fmt.Errorf("timeout waiting for mlx runner: %s", errMsg)
 			}
-			return errors.New("timeout waiting for image runner to start")
+			return errors.New("timeout waiting for mlx runner to start")
 		case <-ticker.C:
 			if err := s.Ping(ctx); err == nil {
-				slog.Info("image runner is ready", "port", s.port)
+				slog.Info("mlx runner is ready", "port", s.port)
 				return nil
 			}
 		}
@@ -225,8 +230,12 @@ func (s *Server) getLastErr() string {
 	return s.lastErr
 }
 
-func (s *Server) WaitUntilRunning(ctx context.Context) error { return nil }
+// WaitUntilRunning satisfies the LlamaServer interface.
+func (s *Server) WaitUntilRunning(ctx context.Context) error {
+	return nil
+}
 
+// Completion handles both text and image generation requests.
 func (s *Server) Completion(ctx context.Context, req llm.CompletionRequest, fn func(llm.CompletionResponse)) error {
 	seed := req.Seed
 	if seed == 0 {
@@ -240,22 +249,26 @@ func (s *Server) Completion(ctx context.Context, req llm.CompletionRequest, fn f
 	}
 
 	// Build request for subprocess
-	creq := struct {
-		Prompt string   `json:"prompt"`
-		Width  int32    `json:"width,omitempty"`
-		Height int32    `json:"height,omitempty"`
-		Steps  int32    `json:"steps,omitempty"`
-		Seed   int64    `json:"seed,omitempty"`
-		Images [][]byte `json:"images,omitempty"`
-	}{
+	creq := Request{
 		Prompt: req.Prompt,
 		Width:  req.Width,
 		Height: req.Height,
-		Steps:  req.Steps,
+		Steps:  int(req.Steps),
 		Seed:   seed,
 		Images: images,
 	}
 
+	// Pass LLM options if present
+	if req.Options != nil {
+		creq.Options = &RequestOptions{
+			NumPredict:  req.Options.NumPredict,
+			Temperature: float64(req.Options.Temperature),
+			TopP:        float64(req.Options.TopP),
+			TopK:        req.Options.TopK,
+			Stop:        req.Options.Stop,
+		}
+	}
+
 	body, err := json.Marshal(creq)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
@@ -282,25 +295,40 @@ func (s *Server) Completion(ctx context.Context, req llm.CompletionRequest, fn f
 	scanner := bufio.NewScanner(resp.Body)
 	scanner.Buffer(make([]byte, 1024*1024), 16*1024*1024) // 16MB max
 	for scanner.Scan() {
-		// Parse subprocess response (has singular "image" field)
+		// Parse subprocess response
 		var raw struct {
-			Image   string `json:"image,omitempty"`
-			Content string `json:"content,omitempty"`
-			Done    bool   `json:"done"`
-			Step    int    `json:"step,omitempty"`
-			Total   int    `json:"total,omitempty"`
+			Image              string `json:"image,omitempty"`
+			Content            string `json:"content,omitempty"`
+			Done               bool   `json:"done"`
+			Step               int    `json:"step,omitempty"`
+			Total              int    `json:"total,omitempty"`
+			StopReason         string `json:"stop_reason,omitempty"`
+			PromptEvalCount    int    `json:"prompt_eval_count,omitempty"`
+			PromptEvalDuration int    `json:"prompt_eval_duration,omitempty"`
+			EvalCount          int    `json:"eval_count,omitempty"`
+			EvalDuration       int    `json:"eval_duration,omitempty"`
 		}
 		if err := json.Unmarshal(scanner.Bytes(), &raw); err != nil {
+			slog.Debug("mlx response parse error", "error", err, "line", string(scanner.Bytes()))
 			continue
 		}
 
+		// Log stop reason when generation completes
+		if raw.Done && raw.StopReason != "" {
+			slog.Info("mlx generation completed", "stop_reason", raw.StopReason)
+		}
+
 		// Convert to llm.CompletionResponse
 		cresp := llm.CompletionResponse{
-			Content:    raw.Content,
-			Done:       raw.Done,
-			Step:       raw.Step,
-			TotalSteps: raw.Total,
-			Image:      raw.Image,
+			Content:            raw.Content,
+			Done:               raw.Done,
+			Step:               raw.Step,
+			TotalSteps:         raw.Total,
+			Image:              raw.Image,
+			PromptEvalCount:    raw.PromptEvalCount,
+			PromptEvalDuration: time.Duration(raw.PromptEvalDuration),
+			EvalCount:          raw.EvalCount,
+			EvalDuration:       time.Duration(raw.EvalDuration),
 		}
 
 		fn(cresp)
@@ -309,7 +337,20 @@ func (s *Server) Completion(ctx context.Context, req llm.CompletionRequest, fn f
 		}
 	}
 
-	return scanner.Err()
+	// Scanner exited without receiving Done - connection was likely closed
+	scanErr := scanner.Err()
+	if scanErr != nil {
+		slog.Error("mlx scanner error", "error", scanErr)
+	} else {
+		slog.Warn("mlx scanner EOF without Done response - subprocess may have crashed")
+	}
+
+	// Check if subprocess is still alive
+	if s.HasExited() {
+		slog.Error("mlx subprocess has exited unexpectedly")
+	}
+
+	return scanErr
 }
 
 // Close terminates the subprocess.
@@ -318,7 +359,7 @@ func (s *Server) Close() error {
 	defer s.mu.Unlock()
 
 	if s.cmd != nil && s.cmd.Process != nil {
-		slog.Info("stopping image runner subprocess", "pid", s.cmd.Process.Pid)
+		slog.Info("stopping mlx runner subprocess", "pid", s.cmd.Process.Pid)
 		s.cmd.Process.Signal(os.Interrupt)
 
 		// Wait briefly for graceful shutdown
@@ -347,18 +388,56 @@ func (s *Server) VRAMByGPU(id ml.DeviceID) uint64 {
 	return s.vramSize
 }
 
+// ContextLength returns the context length (not applicable for image generation).
+func (s *Server) ContextLength() int {
+	return 0
+}
+
+// Embedding returns embeddings for the input.
 func (s *Server) Embedding(ctx context.Context, input string) ([]float32, int, error) {
-	return nil, 0, errors.New("not supported")
+	return nil, 0, errors.New("embeddings not supported for MLX models")
 }
 
+// Tokenize tokenizes the input content.
 func (s *Server) Tokenize(ctx context.Context, content string) ([]int, error) {
-	return nil, errors.New("not supported")
+	body, err := json.Marshal(map[string]string{"content": content})
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	url := fmt.Sprintf("http://127.0.0.1:%d/tokenize", s.port)
+	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, "POST", url, bytes.NewReader(body))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+
+	resp, err := s.client.Do(req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	defer resp.Body.Close()
+
+	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("tokenize failed: %d", resp.StatusCode)
+	}
+
+	var result struct {
+		Tokens []int `json:"tokens"`
+	}
+	if err := json.NewDecoder(resp.Body).Decode(&result); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return result.Tokens, nil
 }
 
+// Detokenize converts tokens back to text.
 func (s *Server) Detokenize(ctx context.Context, tokens []int) (string, error) {
-	return "", errors.New("not supported")
+	return "", errors.New("detokenization not supported for MLX models")
 }
 
+// Pid returns the process ID of the subprocess.
 func (s *Server) Pid() int {
 	s.mu.Lock()
 	defer s.mu.Unlock()
@@ -368,9 +447,17 @@ func (s *Server) Pid() int {
 	return -1
 }
 
-func (s *Server) GetPort() int                                       { return s.port }
-func (s *Server) GetDeviceInfos(ctx context.Context) []ml.DeviceInfo { return nil }
+// GetPort returns the port the subprocess is listening on.
+func (s *Server) GetPort() int {
+	return s.port
+}
 
+// GetDeviceInfos returns device information.
+func (s *Server) GetDeviceInfos(ctx context.Context) []ml.DeviceInfo {
+	return nil
+}
+
+// HasExited returns whether the subprocess has exited.
 func (s *Server) HasExited() bool {
 	select {
 	case <-s.done:

x/mlxrunner/types.go

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+// Package mlxrunner provides a unified MLX runner for both LLM and image generation models.
+//
+// This package handles safetensors models created with `ollama create --experimental`,
+// supporting both text generation (LLM) and image generation (diffusion) models
+// through a single unified interface.
+package mlxrunner
+
+// Request is the request format for completion requests.
+type Request struct {
+	Prompt string `json:"prompt"`
+
+	// LLM-specific fields
+	Options *RequestOptions `json:"options,omitempty"`
+
+	// Image generation fields
+	Width  int32    `json:"width,omitempty"`
+	Height int32    `json:"height,omitempty"`
+	Steps  int      `json:"steps,omitempty"`
+	Seed   int64    `json:"seed,omitempty"`
+	Images [][]byte `json:"images,omitempty"` // Input images for image editing/conditioning
+}
+
+// RequestOptions contains LLM-specific generation options.
+type RequestOptions struct {
+	NumPredict  int      `json:"num_predict,omitempty"`
+	Temperature float64  `json:"temperature,omitempty"`
+	TopP        float64  `json:"top_p,omitempty"`
+	TopK        int      `json:"top_k,omitempty"`
+	Stop        []string `json:"stop,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// Response is streamed back for each progress update.
+type Response struct {
+	// Text generation response
+	Content string `json:"content,omitempty"`
+
+	// Image generation response
+	Image string `json:"image,omitempty"` // Base64-encoded PNG
+
+	// Common fields
+	Done       bool   `json:"done"`
+	DoneReason int    `json:"done_reason,omitempty"`
+	StopReason string `json:"stop_reason,omitempty"` // Debug: why generation stopped
+
+	// Progress fields
+	Step  int `json:"step,omitempty"`
+	Total int `json:"total,omitempty"`
+
+	// Statistics
+	PromptEvalCount    int `json:"prompt_eval_count,omitempty"`
+	PromptEvalDuration int `json:"prompt_eval_duration,omitempty"`
+	EvalCount          int `json:"eval_count,omitempty"`
+	EvalDuration       int `json:"eval_duration,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// HealthResponse is returned by the health endpoint.
+type HealthResponse struct {
+	Status   string  `json:"status"`
+	Progress float32 `json:"progress,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// ModelMode represents the type of model being run.
+type ModelMode int
+
+const (
+	// ModeLLM indicates a text generation model.
+	ModeLLM ModelMode = iota
+	// ModeImageGen indicates an image generation model.
+	ModeImageGen
+)
+
+func (m ModelMode) String() string {
+	switch m {
+	case ModeLLM:
+		return "llm"
+	case ModeImageGen:
+		return "imagegen"
+	default:
+		return "unknown"
+	}
+}

x/model/models/gemma3/model.go

@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ func New(c fs.Config) (model.Model, error) {
 	// m.Cache = kvcache.NewWrapperCache(kvcache.NewSWACache(slidingWindowLen, m.Shift), kvcache.NewCausalCache(m.Shift))
 
 	// TODO need to implement sliding window...
-	m.Cache = kvcache.NewMLXCausalCache()
+	m.Cache = kvcache.NewCausalCache()
 
 	return &m, nil
 }

x/server/show.go

@@ -163,9 +163,18 @@ func GetSafetensorsTensorInfo(name model.Name) ([]api.Tensor, error) {
 
 // getTensorInfoFromManifest extracts tensor info from a manifest.
 // This is separated for testability.
+// For quantized models, groups weight/scale/qbias into single entries with detected quantization type.
 func getTensorInfoFromManifest(mf *manifest.Manifest) ([]api.Tensor, error) {
 	var tensors []api.Tensor
 
+	// First pass: collect all tensor info and identify scale tensors
+	type tensorData struct {
+		info   *safetensorsTensorInfo
+		digest string
+	}
+	tensorMap := make(map[string]*tensorData)
+	scaleMap := make(map[string]*tensorData) // base name -> scale tensor info
+
 	for _, layer := range mf.Layers {
 		if layer.MediaType != manifest.MediaTypeImageTensor {
 			continue
@@ -178,28 +187,96 @@ func getTensorInfoFromManifest(mf *manifest.Manifest) ([]api.Tensor, error) {
 		}
 		info, err := readSafetensorsHeader(blobPath)
 		if err != nil {
-			// Skip tensors we can't read
 			continue
 		}
 
-		// Convert shape from int to uint64
-		shape := make([]uint64, len(info.Shape))
-		for i, s := range info.Shape {
-			shape[i] = uint64(s)
+		td := &tensorData{info: info, digest: layer.Digest}
+
+		if strings.HasSuffix(layer.Name, "_scale") {
+			baseName := strings.TrimSuffix(layer.Name, "_scale")
+			scaleMap[baseName] = td
+		} else if strings.HasSuffix(layer.Name, "_qbias") {
+			// Skip qbias tensors - they're included with the quantized weight
+			continue
+		} else {
+			tensorMap[layer.Name] = td
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Second pass: build tensor list with quantization info
+	for _, layer := range mf.Layers {
+		if layer.MediaType != manifest.MediaTypeImageTensor {
+			continue
 		}
 
-		tensors = append(tensors, api.Tensor{
-			Name:  layer.Name,
-			Type:  info.Dtype,
-			Shape: shape,
-		})
+		// Skip scale and qbias tensors
+		if strings.HasSuffix(layer.Name, "_scale") || strings.HasSuffix(layer.Name, "_qbias") {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		td := tensorMap[layer.Name]
+		if td == nil {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// Check if this tensor has a corresponding scale tensor (quantized)
+		scaleTd := scaleMap[layer.Name]
+		if scaleTd != nil && len(td.info.Shape) >= 2 && len(scaleTd.info.Shape) >= 2 {
+			// Quantized tensor - detect bits from shapes
+			weightCols := td.info.Shape[len(td.info.Shape)-1]
+			scaleCols := scaleTd.info.Shape[len(scaleTd.info.Shape)-1]
+
+			// Detect quantization: Q4 has pack_factor=8, Q8 has pack_factor=4
+			// Q4 uses group_size=32: weightCols * 8 / scaleCols = 32
+			// Q8 uses group_size=64: weightCols * 4 / scaleCols = 64
+			var bits int
+			var quantType string
+			if weightCols*8/scaleCols == 32 {
+				bits = 4
+				quantType = "Q4"
+			} else if weightCols*4/scaleCols == 64 {
+				bits = 8
+				quantType = "Q8"
+			} else {
+				// Unknown quantization, show raw
+				quantType = td.info.Dtype
+			}
+
+			// Calculate unpacked shape
+			shape := make([]uint64, len(td.info.Shape))
+			for i, s := range td.info.Shape {
+				shape[i] = uint64(s)
+			}
+			if bits > 0 {
+				packFactor := int64(32 / bits)
+				shape[len(shape)-1] = uint64(td.info.Shape[len(td.info.Shape)-1] * packFactor)
+			}
+
+			tensors = append(tensors, api.Tensor{
+				Name:  layer.Name,
+				Type:  quantType,
+				Shape: shape,
+			})
+		} else {
+			// Non-quantized tensor
+			shape := make([]uint64, len(td.info.Shape))
+			for i, s := range td.info.Shape {
+				shape[i] = uint64(s)
+			}
+
+			tensors = append(tensors, api.Tensor{
+				Name:  layer.Name,
+				Type:  td.info.Dtype,
+				Shape: shape,
+			})
+		}
 	}
 
 	return tensors, nil
 }
 
 // GetSafetensorsDtype returns the quantization type for a safetensors model.
-// If the model is quantized (has _scale tensors), returns the quantization type (e.g., "FP8").
+// Reads from model_index.json first, falls back to detection from tensor names.
 // Otherwise returns the torch_dtype from config.json.
 func GetSafetensorsDtype(name model.Name) (string, error) {
 	mf, err := manifest.ParseNamedManifest(name)
@@ -207,16 +284,38 @@ func GetSafetensorsDtype(name model.Name) (string, error) {
 		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to load manifest: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	// Check if model is quantized by looking for _scale tensors
+	// First try to read quantization from model_index.json
+	var modelIndex struct {
+		Quantization string `json:"quantization"`
+	}
+	if err := mf.ReadConfigJSON("model_index.json", &modelIndex); err == nil && modelIndex.Quantization != "" {
+		return modelIndex.Quantization, nil
+	}
+
+	// Fallback: detect from tensor names
+	hasScales := false
+	hasQBias := false
 	for _, layer := range mf.Layers {
 		if layer.MediaType == manifest.MediaTypeImageTensor {
 			if strings.HasSuffix(layer.Name, "_scale") {
-				// Model is quantized - return FP8 (affine quantization)
-				return "FP8", nil
+				hasScales = true
+			}
+			if strings.HasSuffix(layer.Name, "_qbias") {
+				hasQBias = true
 			}
 		}
 	}
 
+	if hasScales {
+		if hasQBias {
+			// Affine mode (has scale + qbias) - could be Q4 or Q8
+			// Default to Q4 as it's more common
+			return "Q4", nil
+		}
+		// No qbias = NVFP4
+		return "NVFP4", nil
+	}
+
 	// Not quantized - return torch_dtype from config.json
 	var cfg struct {
 		TorchDtype string `json:"torch_dtype"`