11ebd9d232
On Linux reflink_copy::reflink uses FICLONE, which clones only the data into a freshly-created 0o644 target, dropping the exec bit pacquet encodes in the `-exec` CAS suffix. pnpm/pnpm#12385 restored it for the copy tier but left clone out, so an undeclared executable like `@esbuild/linux-x64/bin/esbuild` failed with EACCES. hardlink shares the store inode's 0o755 and copy was fixed, so only clone was affected. Extract the restoration (already duplicated in copy_file and git-fetcher's materialize_into) into a shared pacquet_fs::file_mode::restore_exec_bit_from_cas_suffix and route clone through it. In auto_link / clone_or_copy_link only a reflink failure downgrades; the post-reflink restoration error stays terminal, so it can't trigger a hardlink retry against the just-created file that would mask it behind AlreadyExists. Fixes pnpm/pnpm#12500. --------- Co-authored-by: Zoltan Kochan <z@kochan.io>
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Fast, disk space efficient package manager:
- Fast. Up to 2x faster than the alternatives (see benchmark).
- Efficient. Files inside
node_modulesare linked from a single content-addressable storage. - Great for monorepos.
- Strict. A package can access only dependencies that are specified in its
package.json. - Deterministic. Has a lockfile called
pnpm-lock.yaml. - Works as a Node.js version manager. See pnpm runtime.
- Works everywhere. Supports Windows, Linux, and macOS.
- Battle-tested. Used in production by teams of all sizes since 2016.
- See the full feature comparison with npm and Yarn.
To quote the Rush team:
Microsoft uses pnpm in Rush repos with hundreds of projects and hundreds of PRs per day, and we’ve found it to be very fast and reliable.
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Background
pnpm uses a content-addressable filesystem to store all files from all module directories on a disk. When using npm, if you have 100 projects using lodash, you will have 100 copies of lodash on disk. With pnpm, lodash will be stored in a content-addressable storage, so:
- If you depend on different versions of lodash, only the files that differ are added to the store.
If lodash has 100 files, and a new version has a change only in one of those files,
pnpm updatewill only add 1 new file to the storage. - All the files are saved in a single place on the disk. When packages are installed, their files are linked from that single place consuming no additional disk space. Linking is performed using either hard-links or reflinks (copy-on-write).
As a result, you save gigabytes of space on your disk and you have a lot faster installations!
If you'd like more details about the unique node_modules structure that pnpm creates and
why it works fine with the Node.js ecosystem, read this small article: Flat node_modules is not the only way.
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Getting Started
Benchmark
pnpm is up to 2x faster than npm and Yarn classic. See all benchmarks here.
Benchmarks on an app with lots of dependencies:
License
MIT, except the pnpr/ directory, which is source-available under the PolyForm Shield License 1.0.0.