Zoltan Kochan 997a8ca9bf fix(exe): route pn/pnpx/pnx through .exe hardlinks on Windows (#11486) (#11501)
* test(exe): add Windows-only repro for #11486 (pn/pnpx/pnx aliases)

Captures the user-reported failure on a fresh Windows CI: when the
@pnpm/exe install rewrites bin entries to point at .cmd files,
@zkochan/cmd-shim's Bash shim does `exec cmd /C ...target.cmd`, MSYS2
mangles the lone `/C` into a Windows path, and cmd.exe falls into
interactive mode (printing its banner instead of running the alias).

These tests will fail on `windows-latest` until the follow-up commit
points the bin entries at .exe hardlinks of the SEA binary.

* fix(exe): route pn/pnpx/pnx through .exe hardlinks on Windows (#11486)

The @pnpm/exe install rewrote bin to point pn/pnpx/pnx at .cmd files,
which cmd-shim wraps as `exec cmd /C ...target.cmd "$@"` in its Bash
shim. MSYS2 / Git Bash mangles the lone `/C` into a Windows path
before cmd.exe sees it, so cmd.exe finds no /C or /K and falls into
interactive mode — the user sees its banner instead of `pnpm dlx`.

Hardlink pn.exe / pnpx.exe / pnx.exe to the SEA pnpm.exe (in setup.js
preinstall and in self-update's linkExePlatformBinary) and rewrite
those bin entries to the .exe names. cmd-shim emits a direct exec for
.exe sources, taking cmd.exe out of the chain entirely. The SEA reads
process.execPath's basename and prepends `dlx` when launched as
pnpx / pnx.

* test(exe): make Windows alias tests robust to local-dev environments

Two follow-ups from Copilot review on #11501:

* Use `'junction'` instead of `'dir'` for the detect-libc symlink on
  Windows. Non-junction directory symlinks need Developer Mode or
  admin, which the existing failure-path tests already skip on Windows
  for; junctions don't.
* Probe \`bash --version\` before running the Git Bash / MSYS2 alias
  test, and skip cleanly if it isn't on PATH (local Windows dev
  machines often lack it; CI windows-latest ships it). Fold the status
  check into the assertion so a non-zero exit surfaces in the diff.

* test(exe): wire @pnpm/exe into the recursive test runner

The setup.test.ts in this package wasn't running in CI — `@pnpm/exe`
had no `.test` script, so `pn -r .test` (what `test-pkgs-all` runs)
silently skipped it. The existing tests there have apparently been
dead since they were added; the Windows alias repro added in 1e93a1d
inherited the same gap.

Add `.test` (jest invocation, matching every other workspace
package's shape) and a `test` alias so it's picked up by the
recursive runner. meta-updater's @pnpm/exe / artifacts branch
short-circuits before adding test scripts; preserve that behavior by
hand-writing them rather than restructuring the rule.
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pnpm

Fast, disk space efficient package manager:

  • Fast. Up to 2x faster than the alternatives (see benchmark).
  • Efficient. Files inside node_modules are linked from a single content-addressable storage.
  • Great for monorepos.
  • Strict. A package can access only dependencies that are specified in its package.json.
  • Deterministic. Has a lockfile called pnpm-lock.yaml.
  • Works as a Node.js version manager. See pnpm runtime.
  • Works everywhere. Supports Windows, Linux, and macOS.
  • Battle-tested. Used in production by teams of all sizes since 2016.
  • See the full feature comparison with npm and Yarn.

To quote the Rush team:

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Background

pnpm uses a content-addressable filesystem to store all files from all module directories on a disk. When using npm, if you have 100 projects using lodash, you will have 100 copies of lodash on disk. With pnpm, lodash will be stored in a content-addressable storage, so:

  1. If you depend on different versions of lodash, only the files that differ are added to the store. If lodash has 100 files, and a new version has a change only in one of those files, pnpm update will only add 1 new file to the storage.
  2. All the files are saved in a single place on the disk. When packages are installed, their files are linked from that single place consuming no additional disk space. Linking is performed using either hard-links or reflinks (copy-on-write).

As a result, you save gigabytes of space on your disk and you have a lot faster installations! If you'd like more details about the unique node_modules structure that pnpm creates and why it works fine with the Node.js ecosystem, read this small article: Flat node_modules is not the only way.

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Getting Started

Benchmark

pnpm is up to 2x faster than npm and Yarn classic. See all benchmarks here.

Benchmarks on an app with lots of dependencies:

License

MIT

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