Zoltan Kochan
ceed82fb11
Hosted pnpr registries need to resolve integrity-addressed original artifacts without scanning every packument or object on each request. Seal a durable package/version reference under the artifact SHA-512 digest with each hosted publish. Apply and recover that reference through the same crash-atomic journal as the tarball and packument. Resolve default, named-registry, and router digest routes from those references, then revalidate the current packument, revision history, caller access, registry routing, and OSV policy before serving the artifact. Prefer public candidates without making policy-sensitive responses shared cacheable. Maintain a bounded per-digest index that embeds reference records together with provisional journal ownership claims. Apply filesystem updates atomically and S3 updates with compare-and-swap, finalize claims after packument visibility, and roll back only claims owned by the failing transaction. This keeps concurrent add/remove safe, resolves a digest with one bounded index read, and enforces its 32-entry quota atomically. Reject overflow as a publish conflict while journal recovery drops the uncommitted version, so reads never truncate candidates or enter a persistent retry loop. Support the same reference layout in filesystem and S3 storage. Add storage, metadata-validation, access-control, restart-persistence, journal-recovery, routing, response-header, and fanout-bound coverage. Follow-up to https://github.com/pnpm/pnpm/pull/14180 and https://github.com/pnpm/rfcs/pull/19.
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Fast, disk space efficient package manager:
- Fast. Up to 2x faster than the alternatives (see benchmark).
- Efficient. Files inside
node_modulesare linked from a single content-addressable storage. - Great for monorepos.
- Strict. A package can access only dependencies that are specified in its
package.json. - Deterministic. Has a lockfile called
pnpm-lock.yaml. - Works as a Node.js version manager. See pnpm runtime.
- Works everywhere. Supports Windows, Linux, and macOS.
- Battle-tested. Used in production by teams of all sizes since 2016.
- Experimental Rust port. Includes pacquet, an experimental port of the CLI written in Rust.
- See the full feature comparison with npm and Yarn.
To quote the Rush team:
Microsoft uses pnpm in Rush repos with hundreds of projects and hundreds of PRs per day, and we’ve found it to be very fast and reliable.
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Background
pnpm uses a content-addressable filesystem to store all files from all module directories on a disk. When using npm, if you have 100 projects using lodash, you will have 100 copies of lodash on disk. With pnpm, lodash will be stored in a content-addressable storage, so:
- If you depend on different versions of lodash, only the files that differ are added to the store.
If lodash has 100 files, and a new version has a change only in one of those files,
pnpm updatewill only add 1 new file to the storage. - All the files are saved in a single place on the disk. When packages are installed, their files are linked from that single place consuming no additional disk space. Linking is performed using either hard-links or reflinks (copy-on-write).
As a result, you save gigabytes of space on your disk and you have a lot faster installations!
If you'd like more details about the unique node_modules structure that pnpm creates and
why it works fine with the Node.js ecosystem, read this small article: Flat node_modules is not the only way.
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Getting Started
Benchmark
pnpm is up to 2x faster than npm and Yarn classic. See all benchmarks here.
Benchmarks on an app with lots of dependencies:
License
MIT, except the pnpr/ directory, which is source-available under the PolyForm Shield License 1.0.0.