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The dlx cache path is <cacheDir>/dlx/<key>/<prepare>/node_modules/.pnpm/ <pkgId>/node_modules/<pkg>. The <key> (64-char sha256 hex) and <prepare> (<time>-<pid> in hex) segments are dlx overhead on top of pnpm's already- deep virtual-store layout. For a transitive dep with a long name this tips the package directory over Windows' MAX_PATH (260) — measured at 259 chars for @pnpm.e2e/pre-and-postinstall-scripts-example in the dlx e2e test. A lifecycle script then runs with that directory as its cwd, and CreateProcess fails to resolve an over-length cwd, which Node surfaces as the confusing "spawn C:\Windows\system32\cmd.exe ENOENT". Flaky rather than constant because the <prepare> and temp-dir segments vary in length, straddling 260. Shorten both dlx-specific segments: - cache key: createShortHash (32 hex, 128 bits) instead of createHexHash (64). pacquet already truncated to 32, so this also restores parity. - prepare dir: encode time and pid in base36 instead of hex.
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Fast, disk space efficient package manager:
- Fast. Up to 2x faster than the alternatives (see benchmark).
- Efficient. Files inside
node_modulesare linked from a single content-addressable storage. - Great for monorepos.
- Strict. A package can access only dependencies that are specified in its
package.json. - Deterministic. Has a lockfile called
pnpm-lock.yaml. - Works as a Node.js version manager. See pnpm runtime.
- Works everywhere. Supports Windows, Linux, and macOS.
- Battle-tested. Used in production by teams of all sizes since 2016.
- Experimental Rust port. Includes pacquet, an experimental port of the CLI written in Rust.
- See the full feature comparison with npm and Yarn.
To quote the Rush team:
Microsoft uses pnpm in Rush repos with hundreds of projects and hundreds of PRs per day, and we’ve found it to be very fast and reliable.
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Background
pnpm uses a content-addressable filesystem to store all files from all module directories on a disk. When using npm, if you have 100 projects using lodash, you will have 100 copies of lodash on disk. With pnpm, lodash will be stored in a content-addressable storage, so:
- If you depend on different versions of lodash, only the files that differ are added to the store.
If lodash has 100 files, and a new version has a change only in one of those files,
pnpm updatewill only add 1 new file to the storage. - All the files are saved in a single place on the disk. When packages are installed, their files are linked from that single place consuming no additional disk space. Linking is performed using either hard-links or reflinks (copy-on-write).
As a result, you save gigabytes of space on your disk and you have a lot faster installations!
If you'd like more details about the unique node_modules structure that pnpm creates and
why it works fine with the Node.js ecosystem, read this small article: Flat node_modules is not the only way.
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Getting Started
Benchmark
pnpm is up to 2x faster than npm and Yarn classic. See all benchmarks here.
Benchmarks on an app with lots of dependencies:
License
MIT, except the pnpr/ directory, which is source-available under the PolyForm Shield License 1.0.0.