Zoltan Kochan eec417b74f fix(lockfile): emit lockfile maps in canonical key order (#12120)
pacquet serialized the `importers`, `packages`, `snapshots`, and
per-importer/per-snapshot dependency maps in `std::HashMap` iteration
order — a per-instance random seed — so two installs of the same
resolution could emit byte-different `pnpm-lock.yaml` files. This
diverges from pnpm, whose lockfile is canonically ordered, and produces
spurious git diffs on no-op re-installs (#12117).

Sort every lockfile map by its rendered key string at emit time via two
`serialize_with` helpers in `serialize_yaml`, matching pnpm's
`sortLockfileKeys`/`lexCompare`. Sorting by the rendered key (not a
field-wise `Ord`) is load-bearing: the `@` separating `name@version` and
the leading `@` of a scoped name both order differently as struct fields
than as the concatenated string pnpm compares.

`overrides` is the one map pnpm leaves unsorted (declaration order), so
it moves from `HashMap` to `IndexMap` to preserve insertion order rather
than being sorted — deterministic and faithful to pnpm.

The reuse-vs-fresh equivalence test now asserts byte-for-byte parity (was
a parsed-struct comparison working around the old non-determinism), and a
new test guards that a no-op re-install leaves the lockfile bytes
unchanged.
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pnpm

Fast, disk space efficient package manager:

  • Fast. Up to 2x faster than the alternatives (see benchmark).
  • Efficient. Files inside node_modules are linked from a single content-addressable storage.
  • Great for monorepos.
  • Strict. A package can access only dependencies that are specified in its package.json.
  • Deterministic. Has a lockfile called pnpm-lock.yaml.
  • Works as a Node.js version manager. See pnpm runtime.
  • Works everywhere. Supports Windows, Linux, and macOS.
  • Battle-tested. Used in production by teams of all sizes since 2016.
  • See the full feature comparison with npm and Yarn.

To quote the Rush team:

Microsoft uses pnpm in Rush repos with hundreds of projects and hundreds of PRs per day, and weve found it to be very fast and reliable.

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Background

pnpm uses a content-addressable filesystem to store all files from all module directories on a disk. When using npm, if you have 100 projects using lodash, you will have 100 copies of lodash on disk. With pnpm, lodash will be stored in a content-addressable storage, so:

  1. If you depend on different versions of lodash, only the files that differ are added to the store. If lodash has 100 files, and a new version has a change only in one of those files, pnpm update will only add 1 new file to the storage.
  2. All the files are saved in a single place on the disk. When packages are installed, their files are linked from that single place consuming no additional disk space. Linking is performed using either hard-links or reflinks (copy-on-write).

As a result, you save gigabytes of space on your disk and you have a lot faster installations! If you'd like more details about the unique node_modules structure that pnpm creates and why it works fine with the Node.js ecosystem, read this small article: Flat node_modules is not the only way.

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Getting Started

Benchmark

pnpm is up to 2x faster than npm and Yarn classic. See all benchmarks here.

Benchmarks on an app with lots of dependencies:

License

MIT, except the pnpr/ directory, which is source-available under the PolyForm Shield License 1.0.0.

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