🔖 Release version 0.65.2

Co-authored-by: Patrick Wang <patrickkwang@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Sebastián Ramírez <tiangolo@gmail.com>

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/config.yml

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+blank_issues_enabled: false

.github/actions/comment-docs-preview-in-pr/Dockerfile

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 FROM python:3.7
 
-RUN pip install httpx "pydantic==1.5.1"
+RUN pip install httpx "pydantic==1.5.1" pygithub
 
 COPY ./app /app
 

.github/actions/comment-docs-preview-in-pr/action.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+name: Comment Docs Preview in PR
+description: Comment with the docs URL preview in the PR
+author: Sebastián Ramírez <tiangolo@gmail.com>
+inputs:
+  token:
+    description: Token for the repo. Can be passed in using {{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+    required: true
+  deploy_url:
+    description: The deployment URL to comment in the PR
+    required: true
+runs:
+  using: docker
+  image: Dockerfile

.github/actions/comment-docs-preview-in-pr/app/main.py

@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+import logging
+import sys
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Optional
+
+import httpx
+from github import Github
+from github.PullRequest import PullRequest
+from pydantic import BaseModel, BaseSettings, SecretStr, ValidationError
+
+github_api = "https://api.github.com"
+
+
+class Settings(BaseSettings):
+    github_repository: str
+    github_event_path: Path
+    github_event_name: Optional[str] = None
+    input_token: SecretStr
+    input_deploy_url: str
+
+
+class PartialGithubEventHeadCommit(BaseModel):
+    id: str
+
+
+class PartialGithubEventWorkflowRun(BaseModel):
+    head_commit: PartialGithubEventHeadCommit
+
+
+class PartialGithubEvent(BaseModel):
+    workflow_run: PartialGithubEventWorkflowRun
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO)
+    settings = Settings()
+    logging.info(f"Using config: {settings.json()}")
+    g = Github(settings.input_token.get_secret_value())
+    repo = g.get_repo(settings.github_repository)
+    try:
+        event = PartialGithubEvent.parse_file(settings.github_event_path)
+    except ValidationError as e:
+        logging.error(f"Error parsing event file: {e.errors()}")
+        sys.exit(0)
+    use_pr: Optional[PullRequest] = None
+    for pr in repo.get_pulls():
+        if pr.head.sha == event.workflow_run.head_commit.id:
+            use_pr = pr
+            break
+    if not use_pr:
+        logging.error(
+            f"No PR found for hash: {event.workflow_run.head_commit.id}"
+        )
+        sys.exit(0)
+    github_headers = {
+        "Authorization": f"token {settings.input_token.get_secret_value()}"
+    }
+    url = f"{github_api}/repos/{settings.github_repository}/issues/{use_pr.number}/comments"
+    logging.info(f"Using comments URL: {url}")
+    response = httpx.post(
+        url,
+        headers=github_headers,
+        json={
+            "body": f"📝 Docs preview for commit {use_pr.head.sha} at: {settings.input_deploy_url}"
+        },
+    )
+    if not (200 <= response.status_code <= 300):
+        logging.error(f"Error posting comment: {response.text}")
+        sys.exit(1)
+    logging.info("Finished")

.github/actions/get-artifact/action.yml

@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
-name: "Get Artifact"
-description: "Get artifact, possibly uploaded by a PR, useful to deploy docs previews"
-author: "Sebastián Ramírez <tiangolo@gmail.com>"
-inputs:
-  token:
-    description: 'Token for the repo. Can be passed in using {{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}'
-    required: true
-  name:
-    description: 'Artifact name'
-    required: true
-  path:
-    description: 'Where to store the artifact'
-    required: true
-runs:
-  using: 'docker'
-  image: 'Dockerfile'

.github/actions/get-artifact/app/main.py

@@ -1,63 +0,0 @@
-import logging
-from datetime import datetime
-from pathlib import Path
-from typing import List, Optional
-
-import httpx
-from pydantic import BaseModel, BaseSettings, SecretStr
-
-github_api = "https://api.github.com"
-netlify_api = "https://api.netlify.com"
-
-
-class Settings(BaseSettings):
-    input_name: str
-    input_token: SecretStr
-    input_path: str
-    github_repository: str
-    github_event_path: Path
-    github_event_name: Optional[str] = None
-
-
-class Artifact(BaseModel):
-    id: int
-    node_id: str
-    name: str
-    size_in_bytes: int
-    url: str
-    archive_download_url: str
-    expired: bool
-    created_at: datetime
-    updated_at: datetime
-
-
-class ArtifactResponse(BaseModel):
-    total_count: int
-    artifacts: List[Artifact]
-
-
-if __name__ == "__main__":
-    logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO)
-    settings = Settings()
-    logging.info(f"Using config: {settings.json()}")
-    github_headers = {
-        "Authorization": f"token {settings.input_token.get_secret_value()}"
-    }
-    response = httpx.get(
-        f"{github_api}/repos/{settings.github_repository}/actions/artifacts",
-        headers=github_headers,
-    )
-    data = response.json()
-    artifacts_response = ArtifactResponse.parse_obj(data)
-    use_artifact: Optional[Artifact] = None
-    for artifact in artifacts_response.artifacts:
-        if artifact.name == settings.input_name:
-            use_artifact = artifact
-            break
-    assert use_artifact
-    file_response = httpx.get(
-        use_artifact.archive_download_url, headers=github_headers, timeout=30
-    )
-    zip_file = Path(settings.input_path)
-    zip_file.write_bytes(file_response.content)
-    logging.info("Finished")

.github/actions/people/Dockerfile

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+FROM python:3.7
+
+RUN pip install httpx PyGithub "pydantic==1.5.1" "pyyaml>=5.3.1,<6.0.0"
+
+COPY ./app /app
+
+CMD ["python", "/app/main.py"]

.github/actions/people/action.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+name: "Generate FastAPI People"
+description: "Generate the data for the FastAPI People page"
+author: "Sebastián Ramírez <tiangolo@gmail.com>"
+inputs:
+  token:
+    description: 'User token, to read the GitHub API. Can be passed in using {{ secrets.ACTION_TOKEN }}'
+    required: true
+  standard_token:
+    description: 'Default GitHub Action token, used for the PR. Can be passed in using {{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}'
+    required: true
+runs:
+  using: 'docker'
+  image: 'Dockerfile'

.github/actions/people/app/main.py

@@ -0,0 +1,529 @@
+import logging
+import subprocess
+import sys
+from collections import Counter, defaultdict
+from datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Container, DefaultDict, Dict, List, Optional, Set
+
+import httpx
+import yaml
+from github import Github
+from pydantic import BaseModel, BaseSettings, SecretStr
+
+github_graphql_url = "https://api.github.com/graphql"
+
+issues_query = """
+query Q($after: String) { 
+  repository(name: "fastapi", owner: "tiangolo") {
+    issues(first: 100, after: $after) {
+      edges {
+        cursor
+        node {
+          number
+          author {
+            login
+            avatarUrl
+            url
+          }
+          title
+          createdAt
+          state
+          comments(first: 100) {
+            nodes {
+              createdAt
+              author {
+                login
+                avatarUrl
+                url
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+"""
+
+prs_query = """
+query Q($after: String) { 
+  repository(name: "fastapi", owner: "tiangolo") {
+    pullRequests(first: 100, after: $after) {
+      edges {
+        cursor
+        node {
+          number
+          labels(first: 100) {
+            nodes {
+              name
+            }
+          }
+          author {
+            login
+            avatarUrl
+            url
+          }
+          title
+          createdAt
+          state
+          comments(first: 100) {
+            nodes {
+              createdAt
+              author {
+                login
+                avatarUrl
+                url
+              }
+            }
+          }
+          reviews(first:100) {
+            nodes {
+              author {
+                login
+                avatarUrl
+                url
+              }
+              state
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+"""
+
+sponsors_query = """
+query Q($after: String) {
+  user(login: "tiangolo") {
+    sponsorshipsAsMaintainer(first: 100, after: $after) {
+      edges {
+        cursor
+        node {
+          sponsorEntity {
+            ... on Organization {
+              login
+              avatarUrl
+              url
+            }
+            ... on User {
+              login
+              avatarUrl
+              url
+            }
+          }
+          tier {
+            name
+            monthlyPriceInDollars
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+"""
+
+
+class Author(BaseModel):
+    login: str
+    avatarUrl: str
+    url: str
+
+
+class CommentsNode(BaseModel):
+    createdAt: datetime
+    author: Optional[Author] = None
+
+
+class Comments(BaseModel):
+    nodes: List[CommentsNode]
+
+
+class IssuesNode(BaseModel):
+    number: int
+    author: Optional[Author] = None
+    title: str
+    createdAt: datetime
+    state: str
+    comments: Comments
+
+
+class IssuesEdge(BaseModel):
+    cursor: str
+    node: IssuesNode
+
+
+class Issues(BaseModel):
+    edges: List[IssuesEdge]
+
+
+class IssuesRepository(BaseModel):
+    issues: Issues
+
+
+class IssuesResponseData(BaseModel):
+    repository: IssuesRepository
+
+
+class IssuesResponse(BaseModel):
+    data: IssuesResponseData
+
+
+class LabelNode(BaseModel):
+    name: str
+
+
+class Labels(BaseModel):
+    nodes: List[LabelNode]
+
+
+class ReviewNode(BaseModel):
+    author: Optional[Author] = None
+    state: str
+
+
+class Reviews(BaseModel):
+    nodes: List[ReviewNode]
+
+
+class PullRequestNode(BaseModel):
+    number: int
+    labels: Labels
+    author: Optional[Author] = None
+    title: str
+    createdAt: datetime
+    state: str
+    comments: Comments
+    reviews: Reviews
+
+
+class PullRequestEdge(BaseModel):
+    cursor: str
+    node: PullRequestNode
+
+
+class PullRequests(BaseModel):
+    edges: List[PullRequestEdge]
+
+
+class PRsRepository(BaseModel):
+    pullRequests: PullRequests
+
+
+class PRsResponseData(BaseModel):
+    repository: PRsRepository
+
+
+class PRsResponse(BaseModel):
+    data: PRsResponseData
+
+
+class SponsorEntity(BaseModel):
+    login: str
+    avatarUrl: str
+    url: str
+
+
+class Tier(BaseModel):
+    name: str
+    monthlyPriceInDollars: float
+
+
+class SponsorshipAsMaintainerNode(BaseModel):
+    sponsorEntity: SponsorEntity
+    tier: Tier
+
+
+class SponsorshipAsMaintainerEdge(BaseModel):
+    cursor: str
+    node: SponsorshipAsMaintainerNode
+
+
+class SponsorshipAsMaintainer(BaseModel):
+    edges: List[SponsorshipAsMaintainerEdge]
+
+
+class SponsorsUser(BaseModel):
+    sponsorshipsAsMaintainer: SponsorshipAsMaintainer
+
+
+class SponsorsResponseData(BaseModel):
+    user: SponsorsUser
+
+
+class SponsorsResponse(BaseModel):
+    data: SponsorsResponseData
+
+
+class Settings(BaseSettings):
+    input_token: SecretStr
+    input_standard_token: SecretStr
+    github_repository: str
+
+
+def get_graphql_response(
+    *, settings: Settings, query: str, after: Optional[str] = None
+):
+    headers = {"Authorization": f"token {settings.input_token.get_secret_value()}"}
+    variables = {"after": after}
+    response = httpx.post(
+        github_graphql_url,
+        headers=headers,
+        json={"query": query, "variables": variables, "operationName": "Q"},
+    )
+    if not response.status_code == 200:
+        logging.error(f"Response was not 200, after: {after}")
+        logging.error(response.text)
+        raise RuntimeError(response.text)
+    data = response.json()
+    return data
+
+
+def get_graphql_issue_edges(*, settings: Settings, after: Optional[str] = None):
+    data = get_graphql_response(settings=settings, query=issues_query, after=after)
+    graphql_response = IssuesResponse.parse_obj(data)
+    return graphql_response.data.repository.issues.edges
+
+
+def get_graphql_pr_edges(*, settings: Settings, after: Optional[str] = None):
+    data = get_graphql_response(settings=settings, query=prs_query, after=after)
+    graphql_response = PRsResponse.parse_obj(data)
+    return graphql_response.data.repository.pullRequests.edges
+
+
+def get_graphql_sponsor_edges(*, settings: Settings, after: Optional[str] = None):
+    data = get_graphql_response(settings=settings, query=sponsors_query, after=after)
+    graphql_response = SponsorsResponse.parse_obj(data)
+    return graphql_response.data.user.sponsorshipsAsMaintainer.edges
+
+
+def get_experts(settings: Settings):
+    issue_nodes: List[IssuesNode] = []
+    issue_edges = get_graphql_issue_edges(settings=settings)
+
+    while issue_edges:
+        for edge in issue_edges:
+            issue_nodes.append(edge.node)
+        last_edge = issue_edges[-1]
+        issue_edges = get_graphql_issue_edges(settings=settings, after=last_edge.cursor)
+
+    commentors = Counter()
+    last_month_commentors = Counter()
+    authors: Dict[str, Author] = {}
+
+    now = datetime.now(tz=timezone.utc)
+    one_month_ago = now - timedelta(days=30)
+
+    for issue in issue_nodes:
+        issue_author_name = None
+        if issue.author:
+            authors[issue.author.login] = issue.author
+            issue_author_name = issue.author.login
+        issue_commentors = set()
+        for comment in issue.comments.nodes:
+            if comment.author:
+                authors[comment.author.login] = comment.author
+                if comment.author.login == issue_author_name:
+                    continue
+                issue_commentors.add(comment.author.login)
+        for author_name in issue_commentors:
+            commentors[author_name] += 1
+            if issue.createdAt > one_month_ago:
+                last_month_commentors[author_name] += 1
+    return commentors, last_month_commentors, authors
+
+
+def get_contributors(settings: Settings):
+    pr_nodes: List[PullRequestNode] = []
+    pr_edges = get_graphql_pr_edges(settings=settings)
+
+    while pr_edges:
+        for edge in pr_edges:
+            pr_nodes.append(edge.node)
+        last_edge = pr_edges[-1]
+        pr_edges = get_graphql_pr_edges(settings=settings, after=last_edge.cursor)
+
+    contributors = Counter()
+    commentors = Counter()
+    reviewers = Counter()
+    authors: Dict[str, Author] = {}
+
+    for pr in pr_nodes:
+        author_name = None
+        if pr.author:
+            authors[pr.author.login] = pr.author
+            author_name = pr.author.login
+        pr_commentors: Set[str] = set()
+        pr_reviewers: Set[str] = set()
+        for comment in pr.comments.nodes:
+            if comment.author:
+                authors[comment.author.login] = comment.author
+                if comment.author.login == author_name:
+                    continue
+                pr_commentors.add(comment.author.login)
+        for author_name in pr_commentors:
+            commentors[author_name] += 1
+        for review in pr.reviews.nodes:
+            if review.author:
+                authors[review.author.login] = review.author
+                pr_reviewers.add(review.author.login)
+        for reviewer in pr_reviewers:
+            reviewers[reviewer] += 1
+        if pr.state == "MERGED" and pr.author:
+            contributors[pr.author.login] += 1
+    return contributors, commentors, reviewers, authors
+
+
+def get_individual_sponsors(settings: Settings):
+    nodes: List[SponsorshipAsMaintainerNode] = []
+    edges = get_graphql_sponsor_edges(settings=settings)
+
+    while edges:
+        for edge in edges:
+            nodes.append(edge.node)
+        last_edge = edges[-1]
+        edges = get_graphql_sponsor_edges(settings=settings, after=last_edge.cursor)
+
+    tiers: DefaultDict[float, Dict[str, SponsorEntity]] = defaultdict(dict)
+    for node in nodes:
+        tiers[node.tier.monthlyPriceInDollars][
+            node.sponsorEntity.login
+        ] = node.sponsorEntity
+    return tiers
+
+
+def get_top_users(
+    *,
+    counter: Counter,
+    min_count: int,
+    authors: Dict[str, Author],
+    skip_users: Container[str],
+):
+    users = []
+    for commentor, count in counter.most_common(50):
+        if commentor in skip_users:
+            continue
+        if count >= min_count:
+            author = authors[commentor]
+            users.append(
+                {
+                    "login": commentor,
+                    "count": count,
+                    "avatarUrl": author.avatarUrl,
+                    "url": author.url,
+                }
+            )
+    return users
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO)
+    settings = Settings()
+    logging.info(f"Using config: {settings.json()}")
+    g = Github(settings.input_standard_token.get_secret_value())
+    repo = g.get_repo(settings.github_repository)
+    issue_commentors, issue_last_month_commentors, issue_authors = get_experts(
+        settings=settings
+    )
+    contributors, pr_commentors, reviewers, pr_authors = get_contributors(
+        settings=settings
+    )
+    authors = {**issue_authors, **pr_authors}
+    maintainers_logins = {"tiangolo"}
+    bot_names = {"codecov", "github-actions"}
+    maintainers = []
+    for login in maintainers_logins:
+        user = authors[login]
+        maintainers.append(
+            {
+                "login": login,
+                "answers": issue_commentors[login],
+                "prs": contributors[login],
+                "avatarUrl": user.avatarUrl,
+                "url": user.url,
+            }
+        )
+
+    min_count_expert = 10
+    min_count_last_month = 3
+    min_count_contributor = 4
+    min_count_reviewer = 4
+    skip_users = maintainers_logins | bot_names
+    experts = get_top_users(
+        counter=issue_commentors,
+        min_count=min_count_expert,
+        authors=authors,
+        skip_users=skip_users,
+    )
+    last_month_active = get_top_users(
+        counter=issue_last_month_commentors,
+        min_count=min_count_last_month,
+        authors=authors,
+        skip_users=skip_users,
+    )
+    top_contributors = get_top_users(
+        counter=contributors,
+        min_count=min_count_contributor,
+        authors=authors,
+        skip_users=skip_users,
+    )
+    top_reviewers = get_top_users(
+        counter=reviewers,
+        min_count=min_count_reviewer,
+        authors=authors,
+        skip_users=skip_users,
+    )
+
+    tiers = get_individual_sponsors(settings=settings)
+    sponsors_50 = []
+    for login, sponsor in tiers[50].items():
+        sponsors_50.append(
+            {"login": login, "avatarUrl": sponsor.avatarUrl, "url": sponsor.url}
+        )
+    keys = list(tiers.keys())
+    keys.sort(reverse=True)
+    sponsors = []
+    for key in keys:
+        if key >= 50:
+            continue
+        for login, sponsor in tiers[key].items():
+            sponsors.append(
+                {"login": login, "avatarUrl": sponsor.avatarUrl, "url": sponsor.url}
+            )
+
+    people = {
+        "maintainers": maintainers,
+        "experts": experts,
+        "last_month_active": last_month_active,
+        "top_contributors": top_contributors,
+        "top_reviewers": top_reviewers,
+        "sponsors_50": sponsors_50,
+        "sponsors": sponsors,
+    }
+    people_path = Path("./docs/en/data/people.yml")
+    people_old_content = people_path.read_text(encoding="utf-8")
+    new_content = yaml.dump(people, sort_keys=False, width=200, allow_unicode=True)
+    if people_old_content == new_content:
+        logging.info("The FastAPI People data hasn't changed, finishing.")
+        sys.exit(0)
+    people_path.write_text(new_content, encoding="utf-8")
+    logging.info("Setting up GitHub Actions git user")
+    subprocess.run(["git", "config", "user.name", "github-actions"], check=True)
+    subprocess.run(
+        ["git", "config", "user.email", "github-actions@github.com"], check=True
+    )
+    branch_name = "fastapi-people"
+    logging.info(f"Creating a new branch {branch_name}")
+    subprocess.run(["git", "checkout", "-b", branch_name], check=True)
+    logging.info("Adding updated file")
+    subprocess.run(["git", "add", str(people_path)], check=True)
+    logging.info("Committing updated file")
+    message = "👥 Update FastAPI People"
+    result = subprocess.run(["git", "commit", "-m", message], check=True)
+    logging.info("Pushing branch")
+    subprocess.run(["git", "push", "origin", branch_name], check=True)
+    logging.info("Creating PR")
+    pr = repo.create_pull(title=message, body=message, base="master", head=branch_name)
+    logging.info(f"Created PR: {pr.number}")
+    logging.info("Finished")

.github/workflows/build-docs.yml

@@ -13,22 +13,30 @@ jobs:
         run: echo "$GITHUB_CONTEXT"
       - uses: actions/checkout@v2
       - name: Set up Python
-        uses: actions/setup-python@v1
+        uses: actions/setup-python@v2
         with:
           python-version: "3.7"
+      - uses: actions/cache@v2
+        id: cache
+        with:
+          path: ${{ env.pythonLocation }}
+          key: ${{ runner.os }}-python-${{ env.pythonLocation }}-${{ hashFiles('pyproject.toml') }}-docs
       - name: Install Flit
+        if: steps.cache.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
         run: python3.7 -m pip install flit
       - name: Install docs extras
+        if: steps.cache.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
         run: python3.7 -m flit install --extras doc
+      - name: Install Material for MkDocs Insiders
+        if: github.event.pull_request.head.repo.fork == false && steps.cache.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
+        run: pip install git+https://${{ secrets.ACTIONS_TOKEN }}@github.com/squidfunk/mkdocs-material-insiders.git
       - name: Build Docs
         run: python3.7 ./scripts/docs.py build-all
       - name: Zip docs
-        if: github.event_name == 'pull_request'
         run: bash ./scripts/zip-docs.sh
       - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v2
-        if: github.event_name == 'pull_request'
         with:
-          name: docs-zip-${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha }}
+          name: docs-zip
           path: ./docs.zip
       - name: Deploy to Netlify
         uses: nwtgck/actions-netlify@v1.1.5

.github/workflows/issue-manager.yml

@@ -6,23 +6,25 @@ on:
   issue_comment:
     types:
       - created
-      - edited
   issues:
     types:
       - labeled
+  pull_request_target:
+    types:
+      - labeled
+  workflow_dispatch:
 
 jobs:
   issue-manager:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: tiangolo/issue-manager@0.2.0
+      - uses: tiangolo/issue-manager@0.4.0
         with:
           token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
           config: >
             {
               "answered": {
-                "users": ["tiangolo", "dmontagu"],
                 "delay": 864000,
-                "message": "Assuming the original issue was solved, it will be automatically closed now. But feel free to add more comments or create new issues."
+                "message": "Assuming the original need was handled, this will be automatically closed now. But feel free to add more comments or create new issues or PRs."
               }
             }

.github/workflows/label-approved.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+name: Label Approved
+
+on:
+  schedule:
+    - cron: "0 12 * * *"
+
+jobs:
+  label-approved:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+    - uses: docker://tiangolo/label-approved:0.0.2
+      with:
+        token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}

.github/workflows/latest-changes.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+name: Latest Changes
+
+on:
+  pull_request_target:
+    branches:
+      - master
+    types:
+      - closed
+  workflow_dispatch:
+    inputs:
+      number:
+        description: PR number
+        required: true
+
+jobs:
+  latest-changes:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+      - uses: docker://tiangolo/latest-changes:0.0.3
+        with:
+          token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+          latest_changes_file: docs/en/docs/release-notes.md
+          latest_changes_header: '## Latest Changes\n\n'
+          debug_logs: true

.github/workflows/people.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+name: FastAPI People
+
+on:
+  schedule:
+    - cron: "0 14 1 * *"
+  workflow_dispatch:
+    inputs:
+      debug_enabled:
+        description: 'Run the build with tmate debugging enabled (https://github.com/marketplace/actions/debugging-with-tmate)'     
+        required: false
+        default: false
+
+jobs:
+  fastapi-people:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+      # Allow debugging with tmate
+      - name: Setup tmate session
+        uses: mxschmitt/action-tmate@v3
+        if: ${{ github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch' && github.event.inputs.debug_enabled }}
+        with:
+          limit-access-to-actor: true
+          token: ${{ secrets.ACTIONS_TOKEN }}
+          standard_token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+      - uses: ./.github/actions/people
+        with:
+          token: ${{ secrets.ACTIONS_TOKEN }}
+          standard_token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}

.github/workflows/pr-approvals.yml

@@ -1,14 +0,0 @@
-name: Label approved pull requests
-on: pull_request_review
-jobs:
-  labelWhenApproved:
-    name: Label when approved
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-    - name: Label when approved
-      uses: pullreminders/label-when-approved-action@v1.0.7
-      env:
-        APPROVALS: "2"
-        GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-        ADD_LABEL: "approved-2"
-        REMOVE_LABEL: "awaiting%20review"

.github/workflows/preview-docs.yml

@@ -1,29 +1,28 @@
 name: Preview Docs
 on:
-  workflow_dispatch:
-    inputs:
-      pr:
-        description: Pull Request number
-        required: true
-      name:
-        description: Artifact name for zip file with docs
-        required: true
-      commit:
-        description: Commit SHA hash
-        required: true
+  workflow_run:
+    workflows:
+      - Build Docs
+    types: 
+      - completed
 
 jobs:
   deploy:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-18.04
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v2
-      - uses: ./.github/actions/get-artifact
+      - name: Download Artifact Docs
+        uses: dawidd6/action-download-artifact@v2.9.0
         with:
-          token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-          name: ${{ github.event.inputs.name }}
-          path: ./archive.zip
+          github_token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+          workflow: build-docs.yml
+          run_id: ${{ github.event.workflow_run.id }}
+          name: docs-zip
       - name: Unzip docs
-        run: bash ./scripts/unzip-docs.sh
+        run: |
+          rm -rf ./site
+          unzip docs.zip
+          rm -f docs.zip
       - name: Deploy to Netlify
         id: netlify
         uses: nwtgck/actions-netlify@v1.1.5
@@ -36,9 +35,7 @@ jobs:
           NETLIFY_AUTH_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.NETLIFY_AUTH_TOKEN }}
           NETLIFY_SITE_ID: ${{ secrets.NETLIFY_SITE_ID }}
       - name: Comment Deploy
-        env:
-          PR: "${{ github.event.inputs.pr }}"
-          DEPLOY_URL: "${{ steps.netlify.outputs.deploy-url }}"
-          GITHUB_TOKEN: "${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}"
-          COMMIT: "${{ github.event.inputs.commit }}"
-        run: bash ./scripts/docs-comment-deploy.sh
+        uses: ./.github/actions/comment-docs-preview-in-pr
+        with:
+          token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+          deploy_url: "${{ steps.netlify.outputs.deploy-url }}"

.github/workflows/publish.yml

@@ -15,12 +15,19 @@ jobs:
         run: echo "$GITHUB_CONTEXT"
       - uses: actions/checkout@v2
       - name: Set up Python
-        uses: actions/setup-python@v1
+        uses: actions/setup-python@v2
         with:
           python-version: "3.6"
+      - uses: actions/cache@v2
+        id: cache
+        with:
+          path: ${{ env.pythonLocation }}
+          key: ${{ runner.os }}-python-${{ env.pythonLocation }}-${{ hashFiles('pyproject.toml') }}-publish
       - name: Install Flit
+        if: steps.cache.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
         run: pip install flit
       - name: Install Dependencies
+        if: steps.cache.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
         run: flit install --symlink
       - name: Publish
         env:

.github/workflows/test.yml

@@ -16,12 +16,19 @@ jobs:
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v2
       - name: Set up Python
-        uses: actions/setup-python@v1
+        uses: actions/setup-python@v2
         with:
           python-version: ${{ matrix.python-version }}
+      - uses: actions/cache@v2
+        id: cache
+        with:
+          path: ${{ env.pythonLocation }}
+          key: ${{ runner.os }}-python-${{ env.pythonLocation }}-${{ hashFiles('pyproject.toml') }}-test
       - name: Install Flit
+        if: steps.cache.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
         run: pip install flit
       - name: Install Dependencies
+        if: steps.cache.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
         run: flit install --symlink
       - name: Test
         run: bash scripts/test.sh

.github/workflows/watch-docs-previews.yml

@@ -1,13 +0,0 @@
-name: Watch Docs Previews
-on:
-  schedule:
-    - cron: "0 * * * *"
-
-jobs:
-  deploy:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-18.04
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
-      - uses: ./.github/actions/watch-previews
-        with:
-          token: ${{ secrets.ACTIONS_TOKEN }}

README.md

@@ -14,9 +14,6 @@
 <a href="https://pypi.org/project/fastapi" target="_blank">
     <img src="https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/fastapi?color=%2334D058&label=pypi%20package" alt="Package version">
 </a>
-<a href="https://gitter.im/tiangolo/fastapi?utm_source=badge&utm_medium=badge&utm_campaign=pr-badge&utm_content=badge" target="_blank">
-    <img src="https://badges.gitter.im/tiangolo/fastapi.svg" alt="Join the chat at https://gitter.im/tiangolo/fastapi">
-</a>
 </p>
 
 ---
@@ -39,10 +36,24 @@ The key features are:
 * **Easy**: Designed to be easy to use and learn. Less time reading docs.
 * **Short**: Minimize code duplication. Multiple features from each parameter declaration. Fewer bugs.
 * **Robust**: Get production-ready code. With automatic interactive documentation.
-* **Standards-based**: Based on (and fully compatible with) the open standards for APIs: <a href="https://github.com/OAI/OpenAPI-Specification" class="external-link" target="_blank">OpenAPI</a> (previously known as Swagger) and <a href="http://json-schema.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">JSON Schema</a>.
+* **Standards-based**: Based on (and fully compatible with) the open standards for APIs: <a href="https://github.com/OAI/OpenAPI-Specification" class="external-link" target="_blank">OpenAPI</a> (previously known as Swagger) and <a href="https://json-schema.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">JSON Schema</a>.
 
 <small>* estimation based on tests on an internal development team, building production applications.</small>
 
+## Sponsors
+
+<!-- sponsors -->
+
+<a href="https://www.deta.sh/?ref=fastapi" target="_blank" title="The launchpad for all your (team's) ideas"><img src="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/sponsors/deta.svg"></a>
+<a href="https://bit.ly/2QSouzH" target="_blank" title="Jina: build neural search-as-a-service for any kind of data in just minutes."><img src="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/sponsors/jina.svg"></a>
+<a href="https://www.investsuite.com/jobs" target="_blank" title="Wealthtech jobs with FastAPI"><img src="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/sponsors/investsuite.svg"></a>
+<a href="https://www.vim.so/?utm_source=FastAPI" target="_blank" title="We help you master vim with interactive exercises"><img src="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/sponsors/vimso.png"></a>
+<a href="https://talkpython.fm/fastapi-sponsor" target="_blank" title="FastAPI video courses on demand from people you trust"><img src="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/sponsors/talkpython.png"></a>
+
+<!-- /sponsors -->
+
+<a href="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/fastapi-people/#sponsors" class="external-link" target="_blank">Other sponsors</a>
+
 ## Opinions
 
 "_[...] I'm using **FastAPI** a ton these days. [...] I'm actually planning to use it for all of my team's **ML services at Microsoft**. Some of them are getting integrated into the core **Windows** product and some **Office** products._"
@@ -71,7 +82,7 @@ The key features are:
 
 "_Honestly, what you've built looks super solid and polished. In many ways, it's what I wanted **Hug** to be - it's really inspiring to see someone build that._"
 
-<div style="text-align: right; margin-right: 10%;">Timothy Crosley - <strong><a href="http://www.hug.rest/" target="_blank">Hug</a> creator</strong> <a href="https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=19455465" target="_blank"><small>(ref)</small></a></div>
+<div style="text-align: right; margin-right: 10%;">Timothy Crosley - <strong><a href="https://www.hug.rest/" target="_blank">Hug</a> creator</strong> <a href="https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=19455465" target="_blank"><small>(ref)</small></a></div>
 
 ---
 
@@ -112,12 +123,12 @@ $ pip install fastapi
 
 </div>
 
-You will also need an ASGI server, for production such as <a href="http://www.uvicorn.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a> or <a href="https://gitlab.com/pgjones/hypercorn" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hypercorn</a>.
+You will also need an ASGI server, for production such as <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a> or <a href="https://gitlab.com/pgjones/hypercorn" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hypercorn</a>.
 
 <div class="termy">
 
 ```console
-$ pip install uvicorn
+$ pip install uvicorn[standard]
 
 ---> 100%
 ```
@@ -428,9 +439,9 @@ Used by Pydantic:
 
 Used by Starlette:
 
-* <a href="http://docs.python-requests.org" target="_blank"><code>requests</code></a> - Required if you want to use the `TestClient`.
+* <a href="https://requests.readthedocs.io" target="_blank"><code>requests</code></a> - Required if you want to use the `TestClient`.
 * <a href="https://github.com/Tinche/aiofiles" target="_blank"><code>aiofiles</code></a> - Required if you want to use `FileResponse` or `StaticFiles`.
-* <a href="http://jinja.pocoo.org" target="_blank"><code>jinja2</code></a> - Required if you want to use the default template configuration.
+* <a href="https://jinja.palletsprojects.com" target="_blank"><code>jinja2</code></a> - Required if you want to use the default template configuration.
 * <a href="https://andrew-d.github.io/python-multipart/" target="_blank"><code>python-multipart</code></a> - Required if you want to support form <abbr title="converting the string that comes from an HTTP request into Python data">"parsing"</abbr>, with `request.form()`.
 * <a href="https://pythonhosted.org/itsdangerous/" target="_blank"><code>itsdangerous</code></a> - Required for `SessionMiddleware` support.
 * <a href="https://pyyaml.org/wiki/PyYAMLDocumentation" target="_blank"><code>pyyaml</code></a> - Required for Starlette's `SchemaGenerator` support (you probably don't need it with FastAPI).
@@ -439,7 +450,7 @@ Used by Starlette:
 
 Used by FastAPI / Starlette:
 
-* <a href="http://www.uvicorn.org" target="_blank"><code>uvicorn</code></a> - for the server that loads and serves your application.
+* <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org" target="_blank"><code>uvicorn</code></a> - for the server that loads and serves your application.
 * <a href="https://github.com/ijl/orjson" target="_blank"><code>orjson</code></a> - Required if you want to use `ORJSONResponse`.
 
 You can install all of these with `pip install fastapi[all]`.

SECURITY.md

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+# Security Policy
+
+Security is very important for FastAPI and its community. 🔒
+
+Learn more about it below. 👇
+
+## Versions
+
+The latest versions of FastAPI are supported.
+
+You are encouraged to [write tests](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/testing/) for your application and update your FastAPI version frequently after ensuring that your tests are passing. This way you will benefit from the latest features, bug fixes, and **security fixes**.
+
+You can learn more about [FastAPI versions and how to pin and upgrade them](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/deployment/versions/) for your project in the docs.
+
+## Reporting a Vulnerability
+
+If you think you found a vulnerability, and even if you are not sure about it, please report it right away by sending an email to: security@tiangolo.com. Please try to be as explicit as possible, describing all the steps and example code to reproduce the security issue.
+
+I (the author, [@tiangolo](https://twitter.com/tiangolo)) will review it thoroughly and get back to you.
+
+## Public Discussions
+
+Please restrain from publicly discussing a potential security vulnerability. 🙊
+
+It's better to discuss privately and try to find a solution first, to limit the potential impact as much as possible.
+
+---
+
+Thanks for your help!
+
+The FastAPI community and I thank you for that. 🙇

docs/en/data/external_links.yml

@@ -16,9 +16,9 @@ articles:
       title: Introduction to the fastapi python framework
       author_link: https://dev.to/errietta
       author: Errieta Kostala
-    - link: http://nickc1.github.io/api,/scikit-learn/2019/01/10/scikit-fastapi.html
+    - link: https://nickc1.github.io/api,/scikit-learn/2019/01/10/scikit-fastapi.html
       title: "FastAPI and Scikit-Learn: Easily Deploy Models"
-      author_link: http://nickc1.github.io/
+      author_link: https://nickc1.github.io/
       author: Nick Cortale
     - link: https://medium.com/data-rebels/fastapi-authentication-revisited-enabling-api-key-authentication-122dc5975680
       title: "FastAPI authentication revisited: Enabling API key authentication"
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ articles:
       title: Introducing Dispatch
       author_link: https://netflixtechblog.com/
       author: Netflix
-    - link: https://davidefiocco.github.io/2020/06/27/streamlit-fastapi-ml-serving.html
+    - link: https://davidefiocco.github.io/streamlit-fastapi-ml-serving/
       title: Machine learning model serving in Python using FastAPI and streamlit
       author_link: https://github.com/davidefiocco
       author: Davide Fiocco
@@ -136,6 +136,30 @@ articles:
       title: Build And Host Fast Data Science Applications Using FastAPI
       author_link: https://medium.com/@farhadmalik
       author: Farhad Malik
+    - link: https://medium.com/@gabbyprecious2000/creating-a-crud-app-with-fastapi-part-one-7c049292ad37
+      title: Creating a CRUD App with FastAPI (Part one)
+      author_link: https://medium.com/@gabbyprecious2000
+      author: Precious Ndubueze
+    - link: https://julienharbulot.com/notification-server.html
+      title: HTTP server to display desktop notifications
+      author_link: https://julienharbulot.com/
+      author: Julien Harbulot
+    - link: https://guitton.co/posts/fastapi-monitoring/
+      title: How to monitor your FastAPI service
+      author_link: https://twitter.com/louis_guitton
+      author: Louis Guitton
+    - link: https://amitness.com/2020/06/fastapi-vs-flask/
+      title: FastAPI for Flask Users
+      author_link: https://twitter.com/amitness
+      author: Amit Chaudhary
+    - link: https://valonjanuzaj.medium.com/deploy-a-dockerized-fastapi-application-to-aws-cc757830ba1b
+      title: Deploy a dockerized FastAPI application to AWS
+      author_link: https://www.linkedin.com/in/valon-januzaj-b02692187/
+      author: Valon Januzaj
+    - link: https://dompatmore.com/blog/authenticate-your-fastapi-app-with-auth0
+      title: Authenticate Your FastAPI App with auth0
+      author_link: https://twitter.com/dompatmore
+      author: Dom Patmore
   japanese:
     - link: https://qiita.com/mtitg/items/47770e9a562dd150631d
       title: FastAPI｜DB接続してCRUDするPython製APIサーバーを構築
@@ -199,6 +223,10 @@ articles:
       title: Почему Вы должны попробовать FastAPI?
       author_link: https://github.com/prostomarkeloff
       author: prostomarkeloff
+    - link: https://trkohler.com/fast-api-introduction-to-framework
+      title: "FastAPI: знакомимся с фреймворком"
+      author_link: https://www.linkedin.com/in/trkohler/
+      author: Troy Köhler
   german:
     - link: https://blog.codecentric.de/2019/08/inbetriebnahme-eines-scikit-learn-modells-mit-onnx-und-fastapi/
       title: Inbetriebnahme eines scikit-learn-Modells mit ONNX und FastAPI

docs/en/data/people.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,675 @@
+maintainers:
+- login: tiangolo
+  answers: 1221
+  prs: 222
+  avatarUrl: https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/1326112?u=05f95ca7fdead36edd9c86be46b4ef6c3c71f876&v=4
+  url: https://github.com/tiangolo
+experts:
+- login: dmontagu
+  count: 262
+  avatarUrl: https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/35119617?u=58ed2a45798a4339700e2f62b2e12e6e54bf0396&v=4
+  url: https://github.com/dmontagu
+- login: Kludex
+  count: 240
+  avatarUrl: https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/7353520?u=cf8455cb899806b774a3a71073f88583adec99f6&v=4
+  url: https://github.com/Kludex
+- login: ycd
+  count: 211
+  avatarUrl: https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/62724709?u=826f228edf0bab0d19ad1d5c4ba4df1047ccffef&v=4
+  url: https://github.com/ycd
+- login: Mause
+  count: 174
+  avatarUrl: https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/1405026?v=4
+  url: https://github.com/Mause
+- login: euri10
+  count: 166
+  avatarUrl: https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/1104190?u=321a2e953e6645a7d09b732786c7a8061e0f8a8b&v=4
+  url: https://github.com/euri10
+- login: phy25
+  count: 130
+  avatarUrl: https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/331403?v=4
+  url: https://github.com/phy25
+- login: falkben
+  count: 56
+  avatarUrl: https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/653031?u=0c8d8f33d87f1aa1a6488d3f02105e9abc838105&v=4
+  url: https://github.com/falkben
+- login: ArcLightSlavik
+  count: 50
+  avatarUrl: https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/31127044?u=6e53b1a2f340d77429d435babcec107c7cc50972&v=4
+  url: https://github.com/ArcLightSlavik
+- login: sm-Fifteen
+  count: 46
+  avatarUrl: https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/516999?u=437c0c5038558c67e887ccd863c1ba0f846c03da&v=4
+  url: https://github.com/sm-Fifteen
+- login: raphaelauv
+  count: 41
+  avatarUrl: https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/10202690?u=e6f86f5c0c3026a15d6b51792fa3e532b12f1371&v=4
+  url: https://github.com/raphaelauv
+- login: includeamin
+  count: 38
+  avatarUrl: https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/11836741?u=8bd5ef7e62fe6a82055e33c4c0e0a7879ff8cfb6&v=4
+  url: https://github.com/includeamin
+- login: prostomarkeloff
+  count: 33
+  avatarUrl: https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/28061158?u=72309cc1f2e04e40fa38b29969cb4e9d3f722e7b&v=4
+  url: https://github.com/prostomarkeloff
+- login: Dustyposa
+  count: 31
+  avatarUrl: https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/27180793?u=5cf2877f50b3eb2bc55086089a78a36f07042889&v=4
+  url: https://github.com/Dustyposa
+- login: krishnardt
+  count: 30
+  avatarUrl: https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/31960541?u=47f4829c77f4962ab437ffb7995951e41eeebe9b&v=4
+  url: https://github.com/krishnardt
+- login: insomnes
+  count: 30
+  avatarUrl: https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/16958893?u=f8be7088d5076d963984a21f95f44e559192d912&v=4
+  url: https://github.com/insomnes
+- login: wshayes
+  count: 29
+  avatarUrl: https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/365303?u=07ca03c5ee811eb0920e633cc3c3db73dbec1aa5&v=4
+  url: https://github.com/wshayes
+- login: dbanty
+  count: 25
+  avatarUrl: https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/43723790?u=0cf33e4f40efc2ea206a1189fd63a11344eb88ed&v=4
+  url: https://github.com/dbanty
+- login: SirTelemak
+  count: 24
+  avatarUrl: https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/9435877?u=719327b7d2c4c62212456d771bfa7c6b8dbb9eac&v=4
+  url: https://github.com/SirTelemak
+- login: acnebs
+  count: 22
+  avatarUrl: https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/9054108?u=bfd127b3e6200f4d00afd714f0fc95c2512df19b&v=4
+  url: https://github.com/acnebs
+- login: nsidnev
+  count: 22
+  avatarUrl: https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/22559461?u=a9cc3238217e21dc8796a1a500f01b722adb082c&v=4
+  url: https://github.com/nsidnev
+- login: chris-allnutt
+  count: 21
+  avatarUrl: https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/565544?v=4
+  url: https://github.com/chris-allnutt
+- login: retnikt
+  count: 19
+  avatarUrl: https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/24581770?v=4
+  url: https://github.com/retnikt
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docs/en/data/sponsors.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+gold:
+  - url: https://www.deta.sh/?ref=fastapi
+    title: The launchpad for all your (team's) ideas
+    img: https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/sponsors/deta.svg
+  - url: https://bit.ly/2QSouzH
+    title: "Jina: build neural search-as-a-service for any kind of data in just minutes."
+    img: https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/sponsors/jina.svg
+silver:
+  - url: https://www.investsuite.com/jobs
+    title: Wealthtech jobs with FastAPI
+    img: https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/sponsors/investsuite.svg
+  - url: https://www.vim.so/?utm_source=FastAPI
+    title: We help you master vim with interactive exercises
+    img: https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/sponsors/vimso.png
+  - url: https://talkpython.fm/fastapi-sponsor
+    title: FastAPI video courses on demand from people you trust
+    img: https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/sponsors/talkpython.png
+bronze:
+  - url: https://testdriven.io/courses/tdd-fastapi/
+    title: Learn to build high-quality web apps with best practices
+    img: https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/sponsors/testdriven.svg

docs/en/docs/advanced/custom-response.md

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ Import the `Response` class (sub-class) you want to use and declare it in the *p
 To return a response with HTML directly from **FastAPI**, use `HTMLResponse`.
 
 * Import `HTMLResponse`.
-* Pass `HTMLResponse` as the parameter `content_type` of your *path operation*.
+* Pass `HTMLResponse` as the parameter `response_class` of your *path operation decorator*.
 
 ```Python hl_lines="2  7"
 {!../../../docs_src/custom_response/tutorial002.py!}

docs/en/docs/advanced/openapi-callbacks.md

@@ -83,15 +83,6 @@ So we are going to use that same knowledge to document how the *external API* sh
 
 First create a new `APIRouter` that will contain one or more callbacks.
 
-This router will never be added to an actual `FastAPI` app (i.e. it will never be passed to `app.include_router(...)`).
-
-Because of that, you need to declare what will be the `default_response_class`, and set it to `JSONResponse`.
-
-!!! Note "Technical Details"
-    The `response_class` is normally set by the `FastAPI` app during the call to `app.include_router(some_router)`.
-
-    But as we are never calling `app.include_router(some_router)`, we need to set the `default_response_class` during creation of the `APIRouter`.
-
 ```Python hl_lines="5  26"
 {!../../../docs_src/openapi_callbacks/tutorial001.py!}
 ```

docs/en/docs/advanced/security/oauth2-scopes.md

@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ The `security_scopes` object (of class `SecurityScopes`) also provides a `scope_
 
 We create an `HTTPException` that we can re-use (`raise`) later at several points.
 
-In this exception, we include the scopes required (if any) as a string separated by spaces (using `scope_str`). We put that string containing the scopes in in the `WWW-Authenticate` header (this is part of the spec).
+In this exception, we include the scopes required (if any) as a string separated by spaces (using `scope_str`). We put that string containing the scopes in the `WWW-Authenticate` header (this is part of the spec).
 
 ```Python hl_lines="105  107-115"
 {!../../../docs_src/security/tutorial005.py!}

docs/en/docs/advanced/sql-databases-peewee.md

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 
 If you are starting a project from scratch, you are probably better off with SQLAlchemy ORM ([SQL (Relational) Databases](../tutorial/sql-databases.md){.internal-link target=_blank}), or any other async ORM.
 
-If you already have a code base that uses <a href="http://docs.peewee-orm.com/en/latest/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Peewee ORM</a>, you can check here how to use it with **FastAPI**.
+If you already have a code base that uses <a href="https://docs.peewee-orm.com/en/latest/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Peewee ORM</a>, you can check here how to use it with **FastAPI**.
 
 !!! warning "Python 3.7+ required"
     You will need Python 3.7 or above to safely use Peewee with FastAPI.
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ But if you need to change some of the defaults, support more than one predefined
 Nevertheless, it's possible to do it, and here you'll see exactly what code you have to add to be able to use Peewee with FastAPI.
 
 !!! note "Technical Details"
-    You can read more about Peewee's stand about async in Python <a href="http://docs.peewee-orm.com/en/latest/peewee/database.html#async-with-gevent" class="external-link" target="_blank">in the docs</a>, <a href="https://github.com/coleifer/peewee/issues/263#issuecomment-517347032" class="external-link" target="_blank">an issue</a>, <a href="https://github.com/coleifer/peewee/pull/2072#issuecomment-563215132" class="external-link" target="_blank">a PR</a>.
+    You can read more about Peewee's stand about async in Python <a href="https://docs.peewee-orm.com/en/latest/peewee/database.html#async-with-gevent" class="external-link" target="_blank">in the docs</a>, <a href="https://github.com/coleifer/peewee/issues/263#issuecomment-517347032" class="external-link" target="_blank">an issue</a>, <a href="https://github.com/coleifer/peewee/pull/2072#issuecomment-563215132" class="external-link" target="_blank">a PR</a>.
 
 ## The same app
 
@@ -306,7 +306,7 @@ For the **next request**, as we will reset that context variable again in the `a
 
 #### Peewee Proxy
 
-If you are using a <a href="http://docs.peewee-orm.com/en/latest/peewee/database.html#dynamically-defining-a-database" class="external-link" target="_blank">Peewee Proxy</a>, the actual database is at `db.obj`.
+If you are using a <a href="https://docs.peewee-orm.com/en/latest/peewee/database.html#dynamically-defining-a-database" class="external-link" target="_blank">Peewee Proxy</a>, the actual database is at `db.obj`.
 
 So, you would reset it with:
 

docs/en/docs/alternatives.md

@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ It was one of the first examples of **automatic API documentation**, and this wa
 !!! check "Inspired **FastAPI** to"
     Have an automatic API documentation web user interface.
 
-### <a href="http://flask.pocoo.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Flask</a>
+### <a href="https://flask.palletsprojects.com" class="external-link" target="_blank">Flask</a>
 
 Flask is a "microframework", it doesn't include database integrations nor many of the things that come by default in Django.
 
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ Given the simplicity of Flask, it seemed like a good match for building APIs. Th
     Have a simple and easy to use routing system.
 
 
-### <a href="http://docs.python-requests.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">Requests</a>
+### <a href="https://requests.readthedocs.io" class="external-link" target="_blank">Requests</a>
 
 **FastAPI** is not actually an alternative to **Requests**. Their scope is very different.
 
@@ -276,7 +276,7 @@ Routes are declared in a single place, using functions declared in other places
 
     This actually inspired updating parts of Pydantic, to support the same validation declaration style (all this functionality is now already available in Pydantic).
 
-### <a href="http://www.hug.rest/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hug</a>
+### <a href="https://www.hug.rest/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hug</a>
 
 Hug was one of the first frameworks to implement the declaration of API parameter types using Python type hints. This was a great idea that inspired other tools to do the same.
 
@@ -410,7 +410,7 @@ It is the recommended server for Starlette and **FastAPI**.
 
     You can combine it with Gunicorn, to have an asynchronous multi-process server.
 
-    Check more details in the [Deployment](deployment.md){.internal-link target=_blank} section.
+    Check more details in the [Deployment](deployment/index.md){.internal-link target=_blank} section.
 
 ## Benchmarks and speed
 

docs/en/docs/async.md

@@ -210,7 +210,7 @@ Most of the existing popular Python frameworks (including Flask and Django) were
 
 Even though the main specification for asynchronous web Python (ASGI) was developed at Django, to add support for WebSockets.
 
-That kind of asynchronicity is what made NodeJS popular (even though NodeJS is not parallel) and that's the strength of Go as a programing language.
+That kind of asynchronicity is what made NodeJS popular (even though NodeJS is not parallel) and that's the strength of Go as a programming language.
 
 And that's the same level of performance you get with **FastAPI**.
 
@@ -261,7 +261,7 @@ But you can also exploit the benefits of parallelism and multiprocessing (having
 
 That, plus the simple fact that Python is the main language for **Data Science**, Machine Learning and especially Deep Learning, make FastAPI a very good match for Data Science / Machine Learning web APIs and applications (among many others).
 
-To see how to achieve this parallelism in production see the section about [Deployment](deployment.md){.internal-link target=_blank}.
+To see how to achieve this parallelism in production see the section about [Deployment](deployment/index.md){.internal-link target=_blank}.
 
 ## `async` and `await`
 
@@ -334,7 +334,7 @@ This same syntax (or almost identical) was also included recently in modern vers
 
 But before that, handling asynchronous code was quite more complex and difficult.
 
-In previous versions of Python, you could have used threads or <a href="http://www.gevent.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Gevent</a>. But the code is way more complex to understand, debug, and think about.
+In previous versions of Python, you could have used threads or <a href="https://www.gevent.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Gevent</a>. But the code is way more complex to understand, debug, and think about.
 
 In previous versions of NodeJS / Browser JavaScript, you would have used "callbacks". Which leads to <a href="http://callbackhell.com/" class="external-link" target="_blank">callback hell</a>.
 

docs/en/docs/benchmarks.md

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ When you check the benchmarks, it is common to see several tools of different ty
 
 Specifically, to see Uvicorn, Starlette and FastAPI compared together (among many other tools).
 
-The simplest the problem solved by the tool, the better performance it will get. And most of the benchmarks don't test the additional features provided by the tool.
+The simpler the problem solved by the tool, the better performance it will get. And most of the benchmarks don't test the additional features provided by the tool.
 
 The hierarchy is like:
 

docs/en/docs/css/custom.css

@@ -1,18 +1,101 @@
 a.external-link::after {
-    /* \00A0 is a non-breaking space
+  /* \00A0 is a non-breaking space
         to make the mark be on the same line as the link
     */
-    content: "\00A0[↪]";
+  content: "\00A0[↪]";
 }
 
 a.internal-link::after {
-    /* \00A0 is a non-breaking space
+  /* \00A0 is a non-breaking space
         to make the mark be on the same line as the link
     */
-    content: "\00A0↪";
+  content: "\00A0↪";
 }
 
 /* Give space to lower icons so Gitter chat doesn't get on top of them */
 .md-footer-meta {
-    padding-bottom: 2em;
+  padding-bottom: 2em;
+}
+
+.user-list {
+  display: flex;
+  flex-wrap: wrap;
+}
+
+.user-list-center {
+  justify-content: space-evenly;
+}
+
+.user {
+  margin: 1em;
+  min-width: 7em;
+}
+
+.user .avatar-wrapper {
+  width: 80px;
+  height: 80px;
+  margin: 10px auto;
+  overflow: hidden;
+  border-radius: 50%;
+  position: relative;
+}
+
+.user .avatar-wrapper img {
+  position: absolute;
+  top: 50%;
+  left: 50%;
+  transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
+}
+
+.user .title {
+  text-align: center;
+}
+
+.user .count {
+  font-size: 80%;
+  text-align: center;
+}
+
+a.announce-link:link,
+a.announce-link:visited {
+  color: #fff;
+}
+
+a.announce-link:hover {
+  color: var(--md-accent-fg-color);
+}
+
+.announce-wrapper {
+  display: flex;
+  justify-content: space-between;
+  flex-wrap: wrap;
+  align-items: center;
+}
+
+.announce-wrapper div.item {
+  display: none;
+}
+
+.announce-wrapper .sponsor-badge {
+  display: block;
+  position: absolute;
+  top: -5px;
+  right: 0;
+  font-size: 0.5rem;
+  color: #999;
+  background-color: #666;
+  border-radius: 10px;
+  padding: 0 10px;
+  z-index: 10;
+}
+
+.announce-wrapper .sponsor-image {
+  display: block;
+  border-radius: 20px;
+}
+
+.announce-wrapper>div {
+  min-height: 40px;
+  display: flex;
+  align-items: center;
 }

docs/en/docs/deployment.md

@@ -1,396 +0,0 @@
-# Deployment
-
-Deploying a **FastAPI** application is relatively easy.
-
-There are several ways to do it depending on your specific use case and the tools that you use.
-
-You will see more about some of the ways to do it in the next sections.
-
-## FastAPI versions
-
-**FastAPI** is already being used in production in many applications and systems. And the test coverage is kept at 100%. But its development is still moving quickly.
-
-New features are added frequently, bugs are fixed regularly, and the code is still continuously improving.
-
-That's why the current versions are still `0.x.x`, this reflects that each version could potentially have breaking changes. This follows the <a href="https://semver.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Semantic Versioning</a> conventions.
-
-You can create production applications with **FastAPI** right now (and you have probably been doing it for some time), you just have to make sure that you use a version that works correctly with the rest of your code.
-
-### Pin your `fastapi` version
-
-The first thing you should do is to "pin" the version of **FastAPI** you are using to the specific latest version that you know works correctly for your application.
-
-For example, let's say you are using version `0.45.0` in your app.
-
-If you use a `requirements.txt` file you could specify the version with:
-
-```txt
-fastapi==0.45.0
-```
-
-that would mean that you would use exactly the version `0.45.0`.
-
-Or you could also pin it with:
-
-```txt
-fastapi>=0.45.0,<0.46.0
-```
-
-that would mean that you would use the versions `0.45.0` or above, but less than `0.46.0`, for example, a version `0.45.2` would still be accepted.
-
-If you use any other tool to manage your installations, like Poetry, Pipenv, or others, they all have a way that you can use to define specific versions for your packages.
-
-### Available versions
-
-You can see the available versions (e.g. to check what is the current latest) in the [Release Notes](release-notes.md){.internal-link target=_blank}.
-
-### About versions
-
-Following the Semantic Versioning conventions, any version below `1.0.0` could potentially add breaking changes.
-
-FastAPI also follows the convention that any "PATCH" version change is for bug fixes and non-breaking changes.
-
-!!! tip
-    The "PATCH" is the last number, for example, in `0.2.3`, the PATCH version is `3`.
-
-So, you should be able to pin to a version like:
-
-```txt
-fastapi>=0.45.0,<0.46.0
-```
-
-Breaking changes and new features are added in "MINOR" versions.
-
-!!! tip
-    The "MINOR" is the number in the middle, for example, in `0.2.3`, the MINOR version is `2`.
-
-### Upgrading the FastAPI versions
-
-You should add tests for your app.
-
-With **FastAPI** it's very easy (thanks to Starlette), check the docs: [Testing](tutorial/testing.md){.internal-link target=_blank}
-
-After you have tests, then you can upgrade the **FastAPI** version to a more recent one, and make sure that all your code is working correctly by running your tests.
-
-If everything is working, or after you make the necessary changes, and all your tests are passing, then you can pin your `fastapi` to that new recent version.
-
-### About Starlette
-
-You shouldn't pin the version of `starlette`.
-
-Different versions of **FastAPI** will use a specific newer version of Starlette.
-
-So, you can just let **FastAPI** use the correct Starlette version.
-
-### About Pydantic
-
-Pydantic includes the tests for **FastAPI** with its own tests, so new versions of Pydantic (above `1.0.0`) are always compatible with FastAPI.
-
-You can pin Pydantic to any version above `1.0.0` that works for you and below `2.0.0`.
-
-For example:
-
-```txt
-pydantic>=1.2.0,<2.0.0
-```
-
-## Docker
-
-In this section you'll see instructions and links to guides to know how to:
-
-* Make your **FastAPI** application a Docker image/container with maximum performance. In about **5 min**.
-* (Optionally) understand what you, as a developer, need to know about HTTPS.
-* Set up a Docker Swarm mode cluster with automatic HTTPS, even on a simple $5 USD/month server. In about **20 min**.
-* Generate and deploy a full **FastAPI** application, using your Docker Swarm cluster, with HTTPS, etc. In about **10 min**.
-
-You can use <a href="https://www.docker.com/" class="external-link" target="_blank">**Docker**</a> for deployment. It has several advantages like security, replicability, development simplicity, etc.
-
-If you are using Docker, you can use the official Docker image:
-
-### <a href="https://github.com/tiangolo/uvicorn-gunicorn-fastapi-docker" class="external-link" target="_blank">tiangolo/uvicorn-gunicorn-fastapi</a>
-
-This image has an "auto-tuning" mechanism included, so that you can just add your code and get very high performance automatically. And without making sacrifices.
-
-But you can still change and update all the configurations with environment variables or configuration files.
-
-!!! tip
-    To see all the configurations and options, go to the Docker image page: <a href="https://github.com/tiangolo/uvicorn-gunicorn-fastapi-docker" class="external-link" target="_blank">tiangolo/uvicorn-gunicorn-fastapi</a>.
-
-### Create a `Dockerfile`
-
-* Go to your project directory.
-* Create a `Dockerfile` with:
-
-```Dockerfile
-FROM tiangolo/uvicorn-gunicorn-fastapi:python3.7
-
-COPY ./app /app
-```
-
-#### Bigger Applications
-
-If you followed the section about creating [Bigger Applications with Multiple Files](tutorial/bigger-applications.md){.internal-link target=_blank}, your `Dockerfile` might instead look like:
-
-```Dockerfile
-FROM tiangolo/uvicorn-gunicorn-fastapi:python3.7
-
-COPY ./app /app/app
-```
-
-#### Raspberry Pi and other architectures
-
-If you are running Docker in a Raspberry Pi (that has an ARM processor) or any other architecture, you can create a `Dockerfile` from scratch, based on a Python base image (that is multi-architecture) and use Uvicorn alone.
-
-In this case, your `Dockerfile` could look like:
-
-```Dockerfile
-FROM python:3.7
-
-RUN pip install fastapi uvicorn
-
-EXPOSE 80
-
-COPY ./app /app
-
-CMD ["uvicorn", "app.main:app", "--host", "0.0.0.0", "--port", "80"]
-```
-
-### Create the **FastAPI** Code
-
-* Create an `app` directory and enter in it.
-* Create a `main.py` file with:
-
-```Python
-from typing import Optional
-
-from fastapi import FastAPI
-
-app = FastAPI()
-
-
-@app.get("/")
-def read_root():
-    return {"Hello": "World"}
-
-
-@app.get("/items/{item_id}")
-def read_item(item_id: int, q: Optional[str] = None):
-    return {"item_id": item_id, "q": q}
-```
-
-* You should now have a directory structure like:
-
-```
-.
-├── app
-│   └── main.py
-└── Dockerfile
-```
-
-### Build the Docker image
-
-* Go to the project directory (in where your `Dockerfile` is, containing your `app` directory).
-* Build your FastAPI image:
-
-<div class="termy">
-
-```console
-$ docker build -t myimage .
-
----> 100%
-```
-
-</div>
-
-### Start the Docker container
-
-* Run a container based on your image:
-
-<div class="termy">
-
-```console
-$ docker run -d --name mycontainer -p 80:80 myimage
-```
-
-</div>
-
-Now you have an optimized FastAPI server in a Docker container. Auto-tuned for your current server (and number of CPU cores).
-
-### Check it
-
-You should be able to check it in your Docker container's URL, for example: <a href="http://192.168.99.100/items/5?q=somequery" class="external-link" target="_blank">http://192.168.99.100/items/5?q=somequery</a> or <a href="http://127.0.0.1/items/5?q=somequery" class="external-link" target="_blank">http://127.0.0.1/items/5?q=somequery</a> (or equivalent, using your Docker host).
-
-You will see something like:
-
-```JSON
-{"item_id": 5, "q": "somequery"}
-```
-
-### Interactive API docs
-
-Now you can go to <a href="http://192.168.99.100/docs" class="external-link" target="_blank">http://192.168.99.100/docs</a> or <a href="http://127.0.0.1/docs" class="external-link" target="_blank">http://127.0.0.1/docs</a> (or equivalent, using your Docker host).
-
-You will see the automatic interactive API documentation (provided by <a href="https://github.com/swagger-api/swagger-ui" class="external-link" target="_blank">Swagger UI</a>):
-
-![Swagger UI](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/index/index-01-swagger-ui-simple.png)
-
-### Alternative API docs
-
-And you can also go to <a href="http://192.168.99.100/redoc" class="external-link" target="_blank">http://192.168.99.100/redoc</a> or <a href="http://127.0.0.1/redoc" class="external-link" target="_blank">http://127.0.0.1/redoc</a> (or equivalent, using your Docker host).
-
-You will see the alternative automatic documentation (provided by <a href="https://github.com/Rebilly/ReDoc" class="external-link" target="_blank">ReDoc</a>):
-
-![ReDoc](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/index/index-02-redoc-simple.png)
-
-## HTTPS
-
-### About HTTPS
-
-It is easy to assume that HTTPS is something that is just "enabled" or not.
-
-But it is way more complex than that.
-
-!!! tip
-    If you are in a hurry or don't care, continue with the next section for step by step instructions to set everything up.
-
-To learn the basics of HTTPS, from a consumer perspective, check <a href="https://howhttps.works/" class="external-link" target="_blank">https://howhttps.works/</a>.
-
-Now, from a developer's perspective, here are several things to have in mind while thinking about HTTPS:
-
-* For HTTPS, the server needs to have "certificates" generated by a third party.
-    * Those certificates are actually acquired from the third-party, not "generated".
-* Certificates have a lifetime.
-    * They expire.
-    * And then they need to be renewed, acquired again from the third party.
-* The encryption of the connection happens at the TCP level.
-    * That's one layer below HTTP.
-    * So, the certificate and encryption handling is done before HTTP.
-* TCP doesn't know about "domains". Only about IP addresses.
-    * The information about the specific domain requested goes in the HTTP data.
-* The HTTPS certificates "certify" a certain domain, but the protocol and encryption happen at the TCP level, before knowing which domain is being dealt with.
-* By default, that would mean that you can only have one HTTPS certificate per IP address.
-    * No matter how big your server is or how small each application you have on it might be.
-    * There is a solution to this, however.
-* There's an extension to the TLS protocol (the one handling the encryption at the TCP level, before HTTP) called <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Server_Name_Indication" class="external-link" target="_blank"><abbr title="Server Name Indication">SNI</abbr></a>.
-    * This SNI extension allows one single server (with a single IP address) to have several HTTPS certificates and serve multiple HTTPS domains/applications.
-    * For this to work, a single component (program) running on the server, listening on the public IP address, must have all the HTTPS certificates in the server.
-* After obtaining a secure connection, the communication protocol is still HTTP.
-    * The contents are encrypted, even though they are being sent with the HTTP protocol.
-
-It is a common practice to have one program/HTTP server running on the server (the machine, host, etc.) and managing all the HTTPS parts : sending the decrypted HTTP requests to the actual HTTP application running in the same server (the **FastAPI** application, in this case), take the HTTP response from the application, encrypt it using the appropriate certificate and sending it back to the client using HTTPS. This server is often called a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TLS_termination_proxy" class="external-link" target="_blank">TLS Termination Proxy</a>.
-
-### Let's Encrypt
-
-Before Let's Encrypt, these HTTPS certificates were sold by trusted third-parties.
-
-The process to acquire one of these certificates used to be cumbersome, require quite some paperwork and the certificates were quite expensive.
-
-But then <a href="https://letsencrypt.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Let's Encrypt</a> was created.
-
-It is a project from the Linux Foundation. It provides HTTPS certificates for free. In an automated way. These certificates use all the standard cryptographic security, and are short lived (about 3 months), so the security is actually better because of their reduced lifespan.
-
-The domains are securely verified and the certificates are generated automatically. This also allows automating the renewal of these certificates.
-
-The idea is to automate the acquisition and renewal of these certificates, so that you can have secure HTTPS, for free, forever.
-
-### Traefik
-
-<a href="https://traefik.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Traefik</a> is a high performance reverse proxy / load balancer. It can do the "TLS Termination Proxy" job (apart from other features).
-
-It has integration with Let's Encrypt. So, it can handle all the HTTPS parts, including certificate acquisition and renewal.
-
-It also has integrations with Docker. So, you can declare your domains in each application configurations and have it read those configurations, generate the HTTPS certificates and serve HTTPS to your application automatically, without requiring any change in its configuration.
-
----
-
-With this information and tools, continue with the next section to combine everything.
-
-## Docker Swarm mode cluster with Traefik and HTTPS
-
-You can have a Docker Swarm mode cluster set up in minutes (about 20 min) with a main Traefik handling HTTPS (including certificate acquisition and renewal).
-
-By using Docker Swarm mode, you can start with a "cluster" of a single machine (it can even be a $5 USD / month server) and then you can grow as much as you need adding more servers.
-
-To set up a Docker Swarm Mode cluster with Traefik and HTTPS handling, follow this guide:
-
-### <a href="https://medium.com/@tiangolo/docker-swarm-mode-and-traefik-for-a-https-cluster-20328dba6232" class="external-link" target="_blank">Docker Swarm Mode and Traefik for an HTTPS cluster</a>
-
-### Deploy a FastAPI application
-
-The easiest way to set everything up, would be using the [**FastAPI** Project Generators](project-generation.md){.internal-link target=_blank}.
-
-It is designed to be integrated with this Docker Swarm cluster with Traefik and HTTPS described above.
-
-You can generate a project in about 2 min.
-
-The generated project has instructions to deploy it, doing it takes another 2 min.
-
-## Alternatively, deploy **FastAPI** without Docker
-
-You can deploy **FastAPI** directly without Docker too.
-
-You just need to install an ASGI compatible server like:
-
-=== "Uvicorn"
-
-    * <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a>, a lightning-fast ASGI server, built on uvloop and httptools.
-
-    <div class="termy">
-
-    ```console
-    $ pip install uvicorn
-
-    ---> 100%
-    ```
-
-    </div>
-
-=== "Hypercorn"
-
-    * <a href="https://gitlab.com/pgjones/hypercorn" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hypercorn</a>, an ASGI server also compatible with HTTP/2.
-
-    <div class="termy">
-
-    ```console
-    $ pip install hypercorn
-
-    ---> 100%
-    ```
-
-    </div>
-
-    ...or any other ASGI server.
-
-And run your application the same way you have done in the tutorials, but without the `--reload` option, e.g.:
-
-=== "Uvicorn"
-
-    <div class="termy">
-
-    ```console
-    $ uvicorn main:app --host 0.0.0.0 --port 80
-
-    <span style="color: green;">INFO</span>:     Uvicorn running on http://0.0.0.0:80 (Press CTRL+C to quit)
-    ```
-
-    </div>
-
-=== "Hypercorn"
-
-    <div class="termy">
-
-    ```console
-    $ hypercorn main:app --bind 0.0.0.0:80
-
-    Running on 0.0.0.0:8080 over http (CTRL + C to quit)
-    ```
-
-    </div>
-
-You might want to set up some tooling to make sure it is restarted automatically if it stops.
-
-You might also want to install <a href="https://gunicorn.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Gunicorn</a> and <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org/#running-with-gunicorn" class="external-link" target="_blank">use it as a manager for Uvicorn</a>, or use Hypercorn with multiple workers.
-
-Making sure to fine-tune the number of workers, etc.
-
-But if you are doing all that, you might just use the Docker image that does it automatically.

docs/en/docs/deployment/deta.md

@@ -0,0 +1,240 @@
+# Deploy FastAPI on Deta
+
+In this section you will learn how to easily deploy a **FastAPI** application on <a href="https://www.deta.sh/?ref=fastapi" class="external-link" target="_blank">Deta</a> using the free plan. 🎁
+
+It will take you about **10 minutes**.
+
+!!! info
+    <a href="https://www.deta.sh/?ref=fastapi" class="external-link" target="_blank">Deta</a> is a **FastAPI** sponsor. 🎉
+
+## A basic **FastAPI** app
+
+* Create a directory for your app, for example `./fastapideta/` and enter in it.
+
+### FastAPI code
+
+* Create a `main.py` file with:
+
+```Python
+from fastapi import FastAPI
+
+app = FastAPI()
+
+
+@app.get("/")
+def read_root():
+    return {"Hello": "World"}
+
+
+@app.get("/items/{item_id}")
+def read_item(item_id: int):
+    return {"item_id": item_id}
+```
+
+### Requirements
+
+Now, in the same directory create a file `requirements.txt` with:
+
+```text
+fastapi
+```
+
+!!! tip
+    You don't need to install Uvicorn to deploy on Deta, although you would probably want to install it locally to test your app.
+
+### Directory structure
+
+You will now have one directory `./fastapideta/` with two files:
+
+```
+.
+└── main.py
+└── requirements.txt
+```
+
+## Create a free Deta account
+
+Now create a <a href="https://www.deta.sh/?ref=fastapi" class="external-link" target="_blank">free account on Deta</a>, you just need an email and password.
+
+You don't even need a credit card.
+
+## Install the CLI
+
+Once you have your account, install the Deta <abbr title="Command Line Interface application">CLI</abbr>:
+
+=== "Linux, macOS"
+
+    <div class="termy">
+
+    ```console
+    $ curl -fsSL https://get.deta.dev/cli.sh | sh
+    ```
+
+    </div>
+
+=== "Windows PowerShell"
+
+    <div class="termy">
+
+    ```console
+    $ iwr https://get.deta.dev/cli.ps1 -useb | iex
+    ```
+
+    </div>
+
+After installing it, open a new terminal so that the installed CLI is detected.
+
+In a new terminal, confirm that it was correctly installed with:
+
+<div class="termy">
+
+```console
+$ deta --help
+
+Deta command line interface for managing deta micros.
+Complete documentation available at https://docs.deta.sh
+
+Usage:
+  deta [flags]
+  deta [command]
+
+Available Commands:
+  auth        Change auth settings for a deta micro
+
+...
+```
+
+</div>
+
+!!! tip
+    If you have problems installing the CLI, check the <a href="https://docs.deta.sh/docs/micros/getting_started?ref=fastapi" class="external-link" target="_blank">official Deta docs</a>.
+
+## Login with the CLI
+
+Now login to Deta from the CLI with:
+
+<div class="termy">
+
+```console
+$ deta login
+
+Please, log in from the web page. Waiting..
+Logged in successfully.
+```
+
+</div>
+
+This will open a web browser and authenticate automatically.
+
+## Deploy with Deta
+
+Next, deploy your application with the Deta CLI:
+
+<div class="termy">
+
+```console
+$ deta new
+
+Successfully created a new micro
+
+// Notice the "endpoint" 🔍
+
+{
+    "name": "fastapideta",
+    "runtime": "python3.7",
+    "endpoint": "https://qltnci.deta.dev",
+    "visor": "enabled",
+    "http_auth": "enabled"
+}
+
+Adding dependencies...
+
+
+---> 100%
+
+
+Successfully installed fastapi-0.61.1 pydantic-1.7.2 starlette-0.13.6
+```
+
+</div>
+
+You will see a JSON message similar to:
+
+```JSON hl_lines="4"
+{
+        "name": "fastapideta",
+        "runtime": "python3.7",
+        "endpoint": "https://qltnci.deta.dev",
+        "visor": "enabled",
+        "http_auth": "enabled"
+}
+```
+
+!!! tip
+    Your deployment will have a different `"endpoint"` URL.
+
+## Check it
+
+Now open your browser in your `endpoint` URL. In the example above it was `https://qltnci.deta.dev`, but yours will be different.
+
+You will see the JSON response from your FastAPI app:
+
+```JSON
+{
+    "Hello": "World"
+}
+```
+
+And now go to the `/docs` for your API, in the example above it would be `https://qltnci.deta.dev/docs`.
+
+It will show your docs like:
+
+<img src="/img/deployment/deta/image01.png">
+
+## Enable public access
+
+By default, Deta will handle authentication using cookies for your account.
+
+But once you are ready, you can make it public with:
+
+<div class="termy">
+
+```console
+$ deta auth disable
+
+Successfully disabled http auth
+```
+
+</div>
+
+Now you can share that URL with anyone and they will be able to access your API. 🚀
+
+## HTTPS
+
+Congrats! You deployed your FastAPI app to Deta! 🎉 🍰
+
+Also notice that Deta correctly handles HTTPS for you, so you don't have to take care of that and can be sure that your clients will have a secure encrypted connection. ✅ 🔒
+
+## Check the Visor
+
+From your docs UI (they will be in a URL like `https://qltnci.deta.dev/docs`) send a request to your *path operation* `/items/{item_id}`.
+
+For example with ID `5`.
+
+Now go to <a href="https://web.deta.sh/" class="external-link" target="_blank">https://web.deta.sh</a>.
+
+You will see there's a section to the left called <abbr title="it comes from Micro(server)">"Micros"</abbr> with each of your apps.
+
+You will see a tab with "Details", and also a tab "Visor", go to the tab "Visor".
+
+In there you can inspect the recent requests sent to your app.
+
+You can also edit them and re-play them.
+
+<img src="/img/deployment/deta/image02.png">
+
+## Learn more
+
+At some point you will probably want to store some data for your app in a way that persists through time. For that you can use <a href="https://docs.deta.sh/docs/base/py_tutorial?ref=fastapi" class="external-link" target="_blank">Deta Base</a>, it also has a generous **free tier**.
+
+You can also read more in the <a href="https://docs.deta.sh?ref=fastapi" class="external-link" target="_blank">Deta Docs</a>.

docs/en/docs/deployment/docker.md

@@ -0,0 +1,179 @@
+# Deploy with Docker
+
+In this section you'll see instructions and links to guides to know how to:
+
+* Make your **FastAPI** application a Docker image/container with maximum performance. In about **5 min**.
+* (Optionally) understand what you, as a developer, need to know about HTTPS.
+* Set up a Docker Swarm mode cluster with automatic HTTPS, even on a simple $5 USD/month server. In about **20 min**.
+* Generate and deploy a full **FastAPI** application, using your Docker Swarm cluster, with HTTPS, etc. In about **10 min**.
+
+You can use <a href="https://www.docker.com/" class="external-link" target="_blank">**Docker**</a> for deployment. It has several advantages like security, replicability, development simplicity, etc.
+
+If you are using Docker, you can use the official Docker image:
+
+## <a href="https://github.com/tiangolo/uvicorn-gunicorn-fastapi-docker" class="external-link" target="_blank">tiangolo/uvicorn-gunicorn-fastapi</a>
+
+This image has an "auto-tuning" mechanism included, so that you can just add your code and get very high performance automatically. And without making sacrifices.
+
+But you can still change and update all the configurations with environment variables or configuration files.
+
+!!! tip
+    To see all the configurations and options, go to the Docker image page: <a href="https://github.com/tiangolo/uvicorn-gunicorn-fastapi-docker" class="external-link" target="_blank">tiangolo/uvicorn-gunicorn-fastapi</a>.
+
+## Create a `Dockerfile`
+
+* Go to your project directory.
+* Create a `Dockerfile` with:
+
+```Dockerfile
+FROM tiangolo/uvicorn-gunicorn-fastapi:python3.7
+
+COPY ./app /app
+```
+
+### Bigger Applications
+
+If you followed the section about creating [Bigger Applications with Multiple Files](../tutorial/bigger-applications.md){.internal-link target=_blank}, your `Dockerfile` might instead look like:
+
+```Dockerfile
+FROM tiangolo/uvicorn-gunicorn-fastapi:python3.7
+
+COPY ./app /app/app
+```
+
+### Raspberry Pi and other architectures
+
+If you are running Docker in a Raspberry Pi (that has an ARM processor) or any other architecture, you can create a `Dockerfile` from scratch, based on a Python base image (that is multi-architecture) and use Uvicorn alone.
+
+In this case, your `Dockerfile` could look like:
+
+```Dockerfile
+FROM python:3.7
+
+RUN pip install fastapi uvicorn
+
+EXPOSE 80
+
+COPY ./app /app
+
+CMD ["uvicorn", "app.main:app", "--host", "0.0.0.0", "--port", "80"]
+```
+
+## Create the **FastAPI** Code
+
+* Create an `app` directory and enter in it.
+* Create a `main.py` file with:
+
+```Python
+from typing import Optional
+
+from fastapi import FastAPI
+
+app = FastAPI()
+
+
+@app.get("/")
+def read_root():
+    return {"Hello": "World"}
+
+
+@app.get("/items/{item_id}")
+def read_item(item_id: int, q: Optional[str] = None):
+    return {"item_id": item_id, "q": q}
+```
+
+* You should now have a directory structure like:
+
+```
+.
+├── app
+│   └── main.py
+└── Dockerfile
+```
+
+## Build the Docker image
+
+* Go to the project directory (in where your `Dockerfile` is, containing your `app` directory).
+* Build your FastAPI image:
+
+<div class="termy">
+
+```console
+$ docker build -t myimage .
+
+---> 100%
+```
+
+</div>
+
+## Start the Docker container
+
+* Run a container based on your image:
+
+<div class="termy">
+
+```console
+$ docker run -d --name mycontainer -p 80:80 myimage
+```
+
+</div>
+
+Now you have an optimized FastAPI server in a Docker container. Auto-tuned for your current server (and number of CPU cores).
+
+## Check it
+
+You should be able to check it in your Docker container's URL, for example: <a href="http://192.168.99.100/items/5?q=somequery" class="external-link" target="_blank">http://192.168.99.100/items/5?q=somequery</a> or <a href="http://127.0.0.1/items/5?q=somequery" class="external-link" target="_blank">http://127.0.0.1/items/5?q=somequery</a> (or equivalent, using your Docker host).
+
+You will see something like:
+
+```JSON
+{"item_id": 5, "q": "somequery"}
+```
+
+## Interactive API docs
+
+Now you can go to <a href="http://192.168.99.100/docs" class="external-link" target="_blank">http://192.168.99.100/docs</a> or <a href="http://127.0.0.1/docs" class="external-link" target="_blank">http://127.0.0.1/docs</a> (or equivalent, using your Docker host).
+
+You will see the automatic interactive API documentation (provided by <a href="https://github.com/swagger-api/swagger-ui" class="external-link" target="_blank">Swagger UI</a>):
+
+![Swagger UI](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/index/index-01-swagger-ui-simple.png)
+
+## Alternative API docs
+
+And you can also go to <a href="http://192.168.99.100/redoc" class="external-link" target="_blank">http://192.168.99.100/redoc</a> or <a href="http://127.0.0.1/redoc" class="external-link" target="_blank">http://127.0.0.1/redoc</a> (or equivalent, using your Docker host).
+
+You will see the alternative automatic documentation (provided by <a href="https://github.com/Rebilly/ReDoc" class="external-link" target="_blank">ReDoc</a>):
+
+![ReDoc](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/index/index-02-redoc-simple.png)
+
+## Traefik
+
+<a href="https://traefik.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Traefik</a> is a high performance reverse proxy / load balancer. It can do the "TLS Termination Proxy" job (apart from other features).
+
+It has integration with Let's Encrypt. So, it can handle all the HTTPS parts, including certificate acquisition and renewal.
+
+It also has integrations with Docker. So, you can declare your domains in each application configurations and have it read those configurations, generate the HTTPS certificates and serve HTTPS to your application automatically, without requiring any change in its configuration.
+
+---
+
+With this information and tools, continue with the next section to combine everything.
+
+## Docker Swarm mode cluster with Traefik and HTTPS
+
+You can have a Docker Swarm mode cluster set up in minutes (about 20 min) with a main Traefik handling HTTPS (including certificate acquisition and renewal).
+
+By using Docker Swarm mode, you can start with a "cluster" of a single machine (it can even be a $5 USD / month server) and then you can grow as much as you need adding more servers.
+
+To set up a Docker Swarm Mode cluster with Traefik and HTTPS handling, follow this guide:
+
+### <a href="https://medium.com/@tiangolo/docker-swarm-mode-and-traefik-for-a-https-cluster-20328dba6232" class="external-link" target="_blank">Docker Swarm Mode and Traefik for an HTTPS cluster</a>
+
+### Deploy a FastAPI application
+
+The easiest way to set everything up, would be using the [**FastAPI** Project Generators](../project-generation.md){.internal-link target=_blank}.
+
+It is designed to be integrated with this Docker Swarm cluster with Traefik and HTTPS described above.
+
+You can generate a project in about 2 min.
+
+The generated project has instructions to deploy it, doing it takes another 2 min.

docs/en/docs/deployment/https.md

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+# About HTTPS
+
+It is easy to assume that HTTPS is something that is just "enabled" or not.
+
+But it is way more complex than that.
+
+!!! tip
+    If you are in a hurry or don't care, continue with the next sections for step by step instructions to set everything up with different techniques.
+
+To learn the basics of HTTPS, from a consumer perspective, check <a href="https://howhttps.works/" class="external-link" target="_blank">https://howhttps.works/</a>.
+
+Now, from a developer's perspective, here are several things to have in mind while thinking about HTTPS:
+
+* For HTTPS, the server needs to have "certificates" generated by a third party.
+    * Those certificates are actually acquired from the third-party, not "generated".
+* Certificates have a lifetime.
+    * They expire.
+    * And then they need to be renewed, acquired again from the third party.
+* The encryption of the connection happens at the TCP level.
+    * That's one layer below HTTP.
+    * So, the certificate and encryption handling is done before HTTP.
+* TCP doesn't know about "domains". Only about IP addresses.
+    * The information about the specific domain requested goes in the HTTP data.
+* The HTTPS certificates "certify" a certain domain, but the protocol and encryption happen at the TCP level, before knowing which domain is being dealt with.
+* By default, that would mean that you can only have one HTTPS certificate per IP address.
+    * No matter how big your server is or how small each application you have on it might be.
+    * There is a solution to this, however.
+* There's an extension to the TLS protocol (the one handling the encryption at the TCP level, before HTTP) called <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Server_Name_Indication" class="external-link" target="_blank"><abbr title="Server Name Indication">SNI</abbr></a>.
+    * This SNI extension allows one single server (with a single IP address) to have several HTTPS certificates and serve multiple HTTPS domains/applications.
+    * For this to work, a single component (program) running on the server, listening on the public IP address, must have all the HTTPS certificates in the server.
+* After obtaining a secure connection, the communication protocol is still HTTP.
+    * The contents are encrypted, even though they are being sent with the HTTP protocol.
+
+It is a common practice to have one program/HTTP server running on the server (the machine, host, etc.) and managing all the HTTPS parts : sending the decrypted HTTP requests to the actual HTTP application running in the same server (the **FastAPI** application, in this case), take the HTTP response from the application, encrypt it using the appropriate certificate and sending it back to the client using HTTPS. This server is often called a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TLS_termination_proxy" class="external-link" target="_blank">TLS Termination Proxy</a>.
+
+## Let's Encrypt
+
+Before Let's Encrypt, these HTTPS certificates were sold by trusted third-parties.
+
+The process to acquire one of these certificates used to be cumbersome, require quite some paperwork and the certificates were quite expensive.
+
+But then <a href="https://letsencrypt.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Let's Encrypt</a> was created.
+
+It is a project from the Linux Foundation. It provides HTTPS certificates for free. In an automated way. These certificates use all the standard cryptographic security, and are short lived (about 3 months), so the security is actually better because of their reduced lifespan.
+
+The domains are securely verified and the certificates are generated automatically. This also allows automating the renewal of these certificates.
+
+The idea is to automate the acquisition and renewal of these certificates, so that you can have secure HTTPS, for free, forever.

docs/en/docs/deployment/index.md

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+# Deployment - Intro
+
+Deploying a **FastAPI** application is relatively easy.
+
+There are several ways to do it depending on your specific use case and the tools that you use.
+
+You will see more details to have in mind and some of the techniques to do it in the next sections.

docs/en/docs/deployment/manually.md

@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+# Deploy manually
+
+You can deploy **FastAPI** manually as well.
+
+You just need to install an ASGI compatible server like:
+
+=== "Uvicorn"
+
+    * <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a>, a lightning-fast ASGI server, built on uvloop and httptools.
+
+    <div class="termy">
+
+    ```console
+    $ pip install uvicorn[standard]
+
+    ---> 100%
+    ```
+
+    </div>
+
+    !!! tip
+        By adding the `standard`, Uvicorn will install and use some recommended extra dependencies.
+        
+        That including `uvloop`, the high-performance drop-in replacement for `asyncio`, that provides the big concurrency performance boost.
+
+=== "Hypercorn"
+
+    * <a href="https://gitlab.com/pgjones/hypercorn" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hypercorn</a>, an ASGI server also compatible with HTTP/2.
+
+    <div class="termy">
+
+    ```console
+    $ pip install hypercorn
+
+    ---> 100%
+    ```
+
+    </div>
+
+    ...or any other ASGI server.
+
+And run your application the same way you have done in the tutorials, but without the `--reload` option, e.g.:
+
+=== "Uvicorn"
+
+    <div class="termy">
+
+    ```console
+    $ uvicorn main:app --host 0.0.0.0 --port 80
+
+    <span style="color: green;">INFO</span>:     Uvicorn running on http://0.0.0.0:80 (Press CTRL+C to quit)
+    ```
+
+    </div>
+
+=== "Hypercorn"
+
+    <div class="termy">
+
+    ```console
+    $ hypercorn main:app --bind 0.0.0.0:80
+
+    Running on 0.0.0.0:8080 over http (CTRL + C to quit)
+    ```
+
+    </div>
+
+You might want to set up some tooling to make sure it is restarted automatically if it stops.
+
+You might also want to install <a href="https://gunicorn.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Gunicorn</a> and <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org/#running-with-gunicorn" class="external-link" target="_blank">use it as a manager for Uvicorn</a>, or use Hypercorn with multiple workers.
+
+Making sure to fine-tune the number of workers, etc.
+
+But if you are doing all that, you might just use the Docker image that does it automatically.

docs/en/docs/deployment/versions.md

@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+# About FastAPI versions
+
+**FastAPI** is already being used in production in many applications and systems. And the test coverage is kept at 100%. But its development is still moving quickly.
+
+New features are added frequently, bugs are fixed regularly, and the code is still continuously improving.
+
+That's why the current versions are still `0.x.x`, this reflects that each version could potentially have breaking changes. This follows the <a href="https://semver.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Semantic Versioning</a> conventions.
+
+You can create production applications with **FastAPI** right now (and you have probably been doing it for some time), you just have to make sure that you use a version that works correctly with the rest of your code.
+
+## Pin your `fastapi` version
+
+The first thing you should do is to "pin" the version of **FastAPI** you are using to the specific latest version that you know works correctly for your application.
+
+For example, let's say you are using version `0.45.0` in your app.
+
+If you use a `requirements.txt` file you could specify the version with:
+
+```txt
+fastapi==0.45.0
+```
+
+that would mean that you would use exactly the version `0.45.0`.
+
+Or you could also pin it with:
+
+```txt
+fastapi>=0.45.0,<0.46.0
+```
+
+that would mean that you would use the versions `0.45.0` or above, but less than `0.46.0`, for example, a version `0.45.2` would still be accepted.
+
+If you use any other tool to manage your installations, like Poetry, Pipenv, or others, they all have a way that you can use to define specific versions for your packages.
+
+## Available versions
+
+You can see the available versions (e.g. to check what is the current latest) in the [Release Notes](../release-notes.md){.internal-link target=_blank}.
+
+## About versions
+
+Following the Semantic Versioning conventions, any version below `1.0.0` could potentially add breaking changes.
+
+FastAPI also follows the convention that any "PATCH" version change is for bug fixes and non-breaking changes.
+
+!!! tip
+    The "PATCH" is the last number, for example, in `0.2.3`, the PATCH version is `3`.
+
+So, you should be able to pin to a version like:
+
+```txt
+fastapi>=0.45.0,<0.46.0
+```
+
+Breaking changes and new features are added in "MINOR" versions.
+
+!!! tip
+    The "MINOR" is the number in the middle, for example, in `0.2.3`, the MINOR version is `2`.
+
+## Upgrading the FastAPI versions
+
+You should add tests for your app.
+
+With **FastAPI** it's very easy (thanks to Starlette), check the docs: [Testing](../tutorial/testing.md){.internal-link target=_blank}
+
+After you have tests, then you can upgrade the **FastAPI** version to a more recent one, and make sure that all your code is working correctly by running your tests.
+
+If everything is working, or after you make the necessary changes, and all your tests are passing, then you can pin your `fastapi` to that new recent version.
+
+## About Starlette
+
+You shouldn't pin the version of `starlette`.
+
+Different versions of **FastAPI** will use a specific newer version of Starlette.
+
+So, you can just let **FastAPI** use the correct Starlette version.
+
+## About Pydantic
+
+Pydantic includes the tests for **FastAPI** with its own tests, so new versions of Pydantic (above `1.0.0`) are always compatible with FastAPI.
+
+You can pin Pydantic to any version above `1.0.0` that works for you and below `2.0.0`.
+
+For example:
+
+```txt
+pydantic>=1.2.0,<2.0.0
+```

docs/en/docs/fastapi-people.md

@@ -0,0 +1,177 @@
+# FastAPI People
+
+FastAPI has an amazing community that welcomes people from all backgrounds.
+
+## Creator - Maintainer
+
+Hey! 👋
+
+This is me:
+
+{% if people %}
+<div class="user-list user-list-center">
+{% for user in people.maintainers %}
+
+<div class="user"><a href="{{ user.url }}" target="_blank"><div class="avatar-wrapper"><img src="{{ user.avatarUrl }}"/></div><div class="title">@{{ user.login }}</div></a> <div class="count">Answers: {{ user.answers }}</div><div class="count">Pull Requests: {{ user.prs }}</div></div>
+{% endfor %}
+
+</div>
+{% endif %}
+
+I'm the creator and maintainer of **FastAPI**. You can read more about that in [Help FastAPI - Get Help - Connect with the author](help-fastapi.md#connect-with-the-author){.internal-link target=_blank}.
+
+...But here I want to show you the community.
+
+---
+
+**FastAPI** receives a lot of support from the community. And I want to highlight their contributions.
+
+These are the people that:
+
+* [Help others with issues (questions) in GitHub](help-fastapi.md#help-others-with-issues-in-github){.internal-link target=_blank}.
+* [Create Pull Requests](help-fastapi.md#create-a-pull-request){.internal-link target=_blank}.
+* Review Pull Requests, [especially important for translations](contributing.md#translations){.internal-link target=_blank}.
+
+A round of applause to them. 👏 🙇
+
+## Most active users last month
+
+These are the users that have been [helping others the most with issues (questions) in GitHub](help-fastapi.md#help-others-with-issues-in-github){.internal-link target=_blank} during the last month. ☕
+
+{% if people %}
+<div class="user-list user-list-center">
+{% for user in people.last_month_active %}
+
+<div class="user"><a href="{{ user.url }}" target="_blank"><div class="avatar-wrapper"><img src="{{ user.avatarUrl }}"/></div><div class="title">@{{ user.login }}</div></a> <div class="count">Issues replied: {{ user.count }}</div></div>
+{% endfor %}
+
+</div>
+{% endif %}
+
+## Experts
+
+Here are the **FastAPI Experts**. 🤓
+
+These are the users that have [helped others the most with issues (questions) in GitHub](help-fastapi.md#help-others-with-issues-in-github){.internal-link target=_blank} through *all time*.
+
+They have proven to be experts by helping many others. ✨
+
+{% if people %}
+<div class="user-list user-list-center">
+{% for user in people.experts %}
+
+<div class="user"><a href="{{ user.url }}" target="_blank"><div class="avatar-wrapper"><img src="{{ user.avatarUrl }}"/></div><div class="title">@{{ user.login }}</div></a> <div class="count">Issues replied: {{ user.count }}</div></div>
+{% endfor %}
+
+</div>
+{% endif %}
+
+## Top Contributors
+
+Here are the **Top Contributors**. 👷
+
+These users have [created the most Pull Requests](help-fastapi.md#create-a-pull-request){.internal-link target=_blank} that have been *merged*.
+
+They have contributed source code, documentation, translations, etc. 📦
+
+{% if people %}
+<div class="user-list user-list-center">
+{% for user in people.top_contributors %}
+
+<div class="user"><a href="{{ user.url }}" target="_blank"><div class="avatar-wrapper"><img src="{{ user.avatarUrl }}"/></div><div class="title">@{{ user.login }}</div></a> <div class="count">Pull Requests: {{ user.count }}</div></div>
+{% endfor %}
+
+</div>
+{% endif %}
+
+There are many other contributors (more than a hundred), you can see them all in the <a href="https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/graphs/contributors" class="external-link" target="_blank">FastAPI GitHub Contributors page</a>. 👷
+
+## Top Reviewers
+
+These users are the **Top Reviewers**. 🕵️
+
+### Reviews for Translations
+
+I only speak a few languages (and not very well 😅). So, the reviewers are the ones that have the [**power to approve translations**](contributing.md#translations){.internal-link target=_blank} of the documentation. Without them, there wouldn't be documentation in several other languages.
+
+---
+
+The **Top Reviewers** 🕵️ have reviewed the most Pull Requests from others, ensuring the quality of the code, documentation, and especially, the **translations**.
+
+{% if people %}
+<div class="user-list user-list-center">
+{% for user in people.top_reviewers %}
+
+<div class="user"><a href="{{ user.url }}" target="_blank"><div class="avatar-wrapper"><img src="{{ user.avatarUrl }}"/></div><div class="title">@{{ user.login }}</div></a> <div class="count">Reviews: {{ user.count }}</div></div>
+{% endfor %}
+
+</div>
+{% endif %}
+
+## Sponsors
+
+These are the **Sponsors**. 😎
+
+They are supporting my work with **FastAPI** (and others), mainly through <a href="https://github.com/sponsors/tiangolo" class="external-link" target="_blank">GitHub Sponsors</a>.
+
+### Gold Sponsors
+
+{% if sponsors %}
+{% for sponsor in sponsors.gold -%}
+<a href="{{ sponsor.url }}" target="_blank" title="{{ sponsor.title }}"><img src="{{ sponsor.img }}"></a>
+{% endfor %}
+{% endif %}
+
+### Silver Sponsors
+
+{% if sponsors %}
+{% for sponsor in sponsors.silver -%}
+<a href="{{ sponsor.url }}" target="_blank" title="{{ sponsor.title }}"><img src="{{ sponsor.img }}"></a>
+{% endfor %}
+{% endif %}
+
+### Bronze Sponsors
+
+{% if sponsors %}
+{% for sponsor in sponsors.bronze -%}
+<a href="{{ sponsor.url }}" target="_blank" title="{{ sponsor.title }}"><img src="{{ sponsor.img }}"></a>
+{% endfor %}
+{% endif %}
+
+### Individual Sponsors
+
+{% if people %}
+{% if people.sponsors_50 %}
+
+<div class="user-list user-list-center">
+{% for user in people.sponsors_50 %}
+
+<div class="user"><a href="{{ user.url }}" target="_blank"><div class="avatar-wrapper"><img src="{{ user.avatarUrl }}"/></div><div class="title">@{{ user.login }}</div></a></div>
+{% endfor %}
+
+</div>
+
+{% endif %}
+{% endif %}
+
+{% if people %}
+<div class="user-list user-list-center">
+{% for user in people.sponsors %}
+
+<div class="user"><a href="{{ user.url }}" target="_blank"><div class="avatar-wrapper"><img src="{{ user.avatarUrl }}"/></div><div class="title">@{{ user.login }}</div></a></div>
+{% endfor %}
+
+</div>
+{% endif %}
+
+## About the data - technical details
+
+The main intention of this page is to highlight the effort of the community to help others.
+
+Especially including efforts that are normally less visible, and in many cases more arduous, like helping others with issues and reviewing Pull Requests with translations.
+
+The data is calculated each month, you can read the <a href="https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/blob/master/.github/actions/people/app/main.py" class="external-link" target="_blank">source code here</a>.
+
+Here I'm also highlighting contributions from sponsors.
+
+I also reserve the right to update the algorithm, sections, thresholds, etc (just in case 🤷).

docs/en/docs/features.md

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 ### Based on open standards
 
 * <a href="https://github.com/OAI/OpenAPI-Specification" class="external-link" target="_blank"><strong>OpenAPI</strong></a> for API creation, including declarations of <abbr title="also known as: endpoints, routes">path</abbr> <abbr title="also known as HTTP methods, as POST, GET, PUT, DELETE">operations</abbr>, parameters, body requests, security, etc.
-* Automatic data model documentation with <a href="http://json-schema.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank"><strong>JSON Schema</strong></a> (as OpenAPI itself is based on JSON Schema).
+* Automatic data model documentation with <a href="https://json-schema.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank"><strong>JSON Schema</strong></a> (as OpenAPI itself is based on JSON Schema).
 * Designed around these standards, after a meticulous study. Instead of an afterthought layer on top.
 * This also allows using automatic **client code generation** in many languages.
 

docs/en/docs/help-fastapi.md

@@ -10,6 +10,16 @@ There are very simple ways to help (several involve just one or two clicks).
 
 And there are several ways to get help too.
 
+## Subscribe to the newsletter
+
+You can subscribe to the (infrequent) [**FastAPI and friends** newsletter](/newsletter/){.internal-link target=_blank} to stay updated about:
+
+* News about FastAPI and friends 🚀
+* Guides 📝
+* Features ✨
+* Breaking changes 🚨
+* Tips and tricks ✅
+
 ## Star **FastAPI** in GitHub
 
 You can "star" FastAPI in GitHub (clicking the star button at the top right): <a href="https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi" class="external-link" target="_blank">https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi</a>. ⭐️
@@ -52,12 +62,13 @@ I love to hear about how **FastAPI** is being used, what have you liked in it, i
 
 * <a href="https://www.slant.co/options/34241/~fastapi-review" class="external-link" target="_blank">Vote for **FastAPI** in Slant</a>.
 * <a href="https://alternativeto.net/software/fastapi/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Vote for **FastAPI** in AlternativeTo</a>.
-* <a href="https://github.com/marmelab/awesome-rest/pull/93" class="external-link" target="_blank">Vote for **FastAPI** on awesome-rest</a>.
 
 ## Help others with issues in GitHub
 
 You can see <a href="https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/issues" class="external-link" target="_blank">existing issues</a> and try and help others, most of the times they are questions that you might already know the answer for. 🤓
 
+If you are helping a lot of people on issues you might become an official [FastAPI Expert](fastapi-people.md#experts){.internal-link target=_blank}. 🎉
+
 ## Watch the GitHub repository
 
 You can "watch" FastAPI in GitHub (clicking the "watch" button at the top right): <a href="https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi" class="external-link" target="_blank">https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi</a>. 👀
@@ -70,43 +81,52 @@ Then you can try and help them solving those issues.
 
 You can <a href="https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/issues/new/choose" class="external-link" target="_blank">create a new issue</a> in the GitHub repository, for example to:
 
-* Ask a question or ask about a problem.
-* Suggest a new feature.
+* Ask a **question** or ask about a **problem**.
+* Suggest a new **feature**.
 
 **Note**: if you create an issue then I'm going to ask you to also help others. 😉
 
 ## Create a Pull Request
 
-You can <a href="https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi" class="external-link" target="_blank">create a Pull Request</a>, for example:
+You can [contribute](contributing.md){.internal-link target=_blank} to the source code with Pull Requests, for example:
 
 * To fix a typo you found on the documentation.
+* To share an article, video, or podcast you created or found about FastAPI by <a href="https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/edit/master/docs/en/data/external_links.yml" class="external-link" target="_blank">editing this file</a>.
+    * Make sure you add your link to the end of the corresponding section.
+* To help [translate the documentation](contributing.md#translations){.internal-link target=_blank} to your language.
+    * You can also help reviewing the translations created by others.
 * To propose new documentation sections.
 * To fix an existing issue/bug.
 * To add a new feature.
 
 ## Join the chat
 
-<a href="https://gitter.im/tiangolo/fastapi?utm_source=badge&utm_medium=badge&utm_campaign=pr-badge&utm_content=badge" target="_blank">
-    <img src="https://badges.gitter.im/tiangolo/fastapi.svg" alt="Join the chat at https://gitter.im/tiangolo/fastapi">
-</a>
+Join the 👥 <a href="https://discord.gg/VQjSZaeJmf" class="external-link" target="_blank">Discord chat server</a> 👥 and hang out with others in the FastAPI community.
 
-Join the chat on Gitter: <a href="https://gitter.im/tiangolo/fastapi" class="external-link" target="_blank">https://gitter.im/tiangolo/fastapi</a>.
+!!! tip
+    For questions, ask them in <a href="https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/issues/new/choose" class="external-link" target="_blank">GitHub issues</a>, there's a much better chance you will receive help by the [FastAPI Experts](fastapi-people.md#experts){.internal-link target=_blank}.
 
-There you can have quick conversations with others, help others, share ideas, etc.
+    Use the chat only for other general conversations.
 
-But have in mind that as it allows more "free conversation", it's easy to ask questions that are too general and more difficult to answer, so, you might not receive answers.
+There is also the previous <a href="https://gitter.im/tiangolo/fastapi" class="external-link" target="_blank">Gitter chat</a>, but as it doesn't have channels and advanced features, conversations are more difficult, so Discord is now the recommended system.
 
-In GitHub issues the template will guide to to write the right question so that you can more easily get a good answer, or even solve the problem yourself even before asking. And in GitHub I can make sure I always answer everything, even if it takes some time. I can't personally do that with the Gitter chat. 😅
+### Don't use the chat for questions
 
-Conversations in Gitter are also not as easily searchable as in GitHub, so questions and answers might get lost in the conversation.
+Have in mind that as chats allow more "free conversation", it's easy to ask questions that are too general and more difficult to answer, so, you might not receive answers.
 
-On the other side, there's more than 1000 people in the chat, so there's a high chance you'll find someone to talk to there, almost all the time. 😄
+In GitHub issues the template will guide you to write the right question so that you can more easily get a good answer, or even solve the problem yourself even before asking. And in GitHub I can make sure I always answer everything, even if it takes some time. I can't personally do that with the chat systems. 😅
+
+Conversations in the chat systems are also not as easily searchable as in GitHub, so questions and answers might get lost in the conversation. And only the ones in GitHub issues count to become a [FastAPI Expert](fastapi-people.md#experts){.internal-link target=_blank}, so you will most probably receive more attention in GitHub isssues.
+
+On the other side, there are thousands of users in the chat systems, so there's a high chance you'll find someone to talk to there, almost all the time. 😄
 
 ## Sponsor the author
 
 You can also financially support the author (me) through <a href="https://github.com/sponsors/tiangolo" class="external-link" target="_blank">GitHub sponsors</a>.
 
-There you could buy me a coffee ☕️ to say thanks 😄.
+There you could buy me a coffee ☕️ to say thanks. 😄
+
+And you can also become a Silver or Gold sponsor for FastAPI. 🏅🎉
 
 ## Sponsor the tools that power FastAPI
 

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+                <mxCell id="8" value="&lt;font style=&quot;font-size: 24px&quot; face=&quot;Roboto&quot;&gt;Subpackage app.internal&lt;br&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;#34;roboto&amp;#34; ; font-size: 24px&quot;&gt;app/internal/__init__.py&lt;/span&gt;&lt;font style=&quot;font-size: 24px&quot; face=&quot;Roboto&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/font&gt;" style="text;html=1;strokeColor=none;fillColor=none;align=center;verticalAlign=middle;whiteSpace=wrap;rounded=0;strokeWidth=3;fontFamily=Roboto Mono, mono;FType=g;" parent="1" vertex="1">
+                    <mxGeometry x="1083.8438461538462" y="460" width="292.3076923076923" height="80" as="geometry"/>
+                </mxCell>
+                <mxCell id="19" value="&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;#34;roboto&amp;#34; ; font-size: 24px&quot;&gt;Module app.internal.admin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;font-family: &amp;#34;roboto&amp;#34; ; font-size: 24px&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;#34;roboto&amp;#34; ; font-size: 24px&quot;&gt;app/internal/admin.py&lt;/span&gt;" style="shape=hexagon;perimeter=hexagonPerimeter2;whiteSpace=wrap;html=1;fixedSize=1;strokeWidth=3;" parent="1" vertex="1">
+                    <mxGeometry x="1050" y="570" width="360" height="100" as="geometry"/>
+                </mxCell>
+                <mxCell id="4" value="" style="rounded=0;whiteSpace=wrap;html=1;fontStyle=1;strokeWidth=4;" parent="1" vertex="1">
+                    <mxGeometry x="540" y="430" width="440" height="410" as="geometry"/>
+                </mxCell>
+                <mxCell id="7" value="&lt;font style=&quot;font-size: 24px&quot; face=&quot;Roboto&quot;&gt;Subpackage app.routers&lt;br&gt;app/routers/__init__.py&lt;br&gt;&lt;/font&gt;" style="text;html=1;strokeColor=none;fillColor=none;align=center;verticalAlign=middle;whiteSpace=wrap;rounded=0;strokeWidth=3;fontFamily=Roboto Mono, mono;FType=g;" parent="1" vertex="1">
+                    <mxGeometry x="599.2307692307693" y="460" width="321.53846153846155" height="80" as="geometry"/>
+                </mxCell>
+                <mxCell id="17" value="&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;#34;roboto&amp;#34; ; font-size: 24px&quot;&gt;Module app.routers.items&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;font-family: &amp;#34;roboto&amp;#34; ; font-size: 24px&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;#34;roboto&amp;#34; ; font-size: 24px&quot;&gt;app/routers/items.py&lt;/span&gt;" style="shape=hexagon;perimeter=hexagonPerimeter2;whiteSpace=wrap;html=1;fixedSize=1;strokeWidth=3;" parent="1" vertex="1">
+                    <mxGeometry x="580" y="570" width="360" height="100" as="geometry"/>
+                </mxCell>
+                <mxCell id="18" value="&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;#34;roboto&amp;#34; ; font-size: 24px&quot;&gt;Module app.routers.users&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;font-family: &amp;#34;roboto&amp;#34; ; font-size: 24px&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;#34;roboto&amp;#34; ; font-size: 24px&quot;&gt;app/routers/users.py&lt;/span&gt;" style="shape=hexagon;perimeter=hexagonPerimeter2;whiteSpace=wrap;html=1;fixedSize=1;strokeWidth=3;" parent="1" vertex="1">
+                    <mxGeometry x="580" y="700" width="360" height="100" as="geometry"/>
+                </mxCell>
+            </root>
+        </mxGraphModel>
+    </diagram>
+</mxfile>

docs/en/docs/index.md

@@ -14,9 +14,6 @@
 <a href="https://pypi.org/project/fastapi" target="_blank">
     <img src="https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/fastapi?color=%2334D058&label=pypi%20package" alt="Package version">
 </a>
-<a href="https://gitter.im/tiangolo/fastapi?utm_source=badge&utm_medium=badge&utm_campaign=pr-badge&utm_content=badge" target="_blank">
-    <img src="https://badges.gitter.im/tiangolo/fastapi.svg" alt="Join the chat at https://gitter.im/tiangolo/fastapi">
-</a>
 </p>
 
 ---
@@ -39,10 +36,27 @@ The key features are:
 * **Easy**: Designed to be easy to use and learn. Less time reading docs.
 * **Short**: Minimize code duplication. Multiple features from each parameter declaration. Fewer bugs.
 * **Robust**: Get production-ready code. With automatic interactive documentation.
-* **Standards-based**: Based on (and fully compatible with) the open standards for APIs: <a href="https://github.com/OAI/OpenAPI-Specification" class="external-link" target="_blank">OpenAPI</a> (previously known as Swagger) and <a href="http://json-schema.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">JSON Schema</a>.
+* **Standards-based**: Based on (and fully compatible with) the open standards for APIs: <a href="https://github.com/OAI/OpenAPI-Specification" class="external-link" target="_blank">OpenAPI</a> (previously known as Swagger) and <a href="https://json-schema.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">JSON Schema</a>.
 
 <small>* estimation based on tests on an internal development team, building production applications.</small>
 
+## Sponsors
+
+<!-- sponsors -->
+
+{% if sponsors %}
+{% for sponsor in sponsors.gold -%}
+<a href="{{ sponsor.url }}" target="_blank" title="{{ sponsor.title }}"><img src="{{ sponsor.img }}"></a>
+{% endfor -%}
+{%- for sponsor in sponsors.silver -%}
+<a href="{{ sponsor.url }}" target="_blank" title="{{ sponsor.title }}"><img src="{{ sponsor.img }}"></a>
+{% endfor %}
+{% endif %}
+
+<!-- /sponsors -->
+
+<a href="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/fastapi-people/#sponsors" class="external-link" target="_blank">Other sponsors</a>
+
 ## Opinions
 
 "_[...] I'm using **FastAPI** a ton these days. [...] I'm actually planning to use it for all of my team's **ML services at Microsoft**. Some of them are getting integrated into the core **Windows** product and some **Office** products._"
@@ -71,7 +85,7 @@ The key features are:
 
 "_Honestly, what you've built looks super solid and polished. In many ways, it's what I wanted **Hug** to be - it's really inspiring to see someone build that._"
 
-<div style="text-align: right; margin-right: 10%;">Timothy Crosley - <strong><a href="http://www.hug.rest/" target="_blank">Hug</a> creator</strong> <a href="https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=19455465" target="_blank"><small>(ref)</small></a></div>
+<div style="text-align: right; margin-right: 10%;">Timothy Crosley - <strong><a href="https://www.hug.rest/" target="_blank">Hug</a> creator</strong> <a href="https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=19455465" target="_blank"><small>(ref)</small></a></div>
 
 ---
 
@@ -112,12 +126,12 @@ $ pip install fastapi
 
 </div>
 
-You will also need an ASGI server, for production such as <a href="http://www.uvicorn.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a> or <a href="https://gitlab.com/pgjones/hypercorn" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hypercorn</a>.
+You will also need an ASGI server, for production such as <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a> or <a href="https://gitlab.com/pgjones/hypercorn" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hypercorn</a>.
 
 <div class="termy">
 
 ```console
-$ pip install uvicorn
+$ pip install uvicorn[standard]
 
 ---> 100%
 ```
@@ -428,9 +442,9 @@ Used by Pydantic:
 
 Used by Starlette:
 
-* <a href="http://docs.python-requests.org" target="_blank"><code>requests</code></a> - Required if you want to use the `TestClient`.
+* <a href="https://requests.readthedocs.io" target="_blank"><code>requests</code></a> - Required if you want to use the `TestClient`.
 * <a href="https://github.com/Tinche/aiofiles" target="_blank"><code>aiofiles</code></a> - Required if you want to use `FileResponse` or `StaticFiles`.
-* <a href="http://jinja.pocoo.org" target="_blank"><code>jinja2</code></a> - Required if you want to use the default template configuration.
+* <a href="https://jinja.palletsprojects.com" target="_blank"><code>jinja2</code></a> - Required if you want to use the default template configuration.
 * <a href="https://andrew-d.github.io/python-multipart/" target="_blank"><code>python-multipart</code></a> - Required if you want to support form <abbr title="converting the string that comes from an HTTP request into Python data">"parsing"</abbr>, with `request.form()`.
 * <a href="https://pythonhosted.org/itsdangerous/" target="_blank"><code>itsdangerous</code></a> - Required for `SessionMiddleware` support.
 * <a href="https://pyyaml.org/wiki/PyYAMLDocumentation" target="_blank"><code>pyyaml</code></a> - Required for Starlette's `SchemaGenerator` support (you probably don't need it with FastAPI).
@@ -439,7 +453,7 @@ Used by Starlette:
 
 Used by FastAPI / Starlette:
 
-* <a href="http://www.uvicorn.org" target="_blank"><code>uvicorn</code></a> - for the server that loads and serves your application.
+* <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org" target="_blank"><code>uvicorn</code></a> - for the server that loads and serves your application.
 * <a href="https://github.com/ijl/orjson" target="_blank"><code>orjson</code></a> - Required if you want to use `ORJSONResponse`.
 
 You can install all of these with `pip install fastapi[all]`.

docs/en/docs/js/custom.js

@@ -128,6 +128,35 @@ function setupTermynal() {
     loadVisibleTermynals();
 }
 
+function shuffle(array) {
+    var currentIndex = array.length, temporaryValue, randomIndex;
+    while (0 !== currentIndex) {
+        randomIndex = Math.floor(Math.random() * currentIndex);
+        currentIndex -= 1;
+        temporaryValue = array[currentIndex];
+        array[currentIndex] = array[randomIndex];
+        array[randomIndex] = temporaryValue;
+    }
+    return array;
+}
+
+async function showRandomAnnouncement(groupId, timeInterval) {
+    const announceFastAPI = document.getElementById(groupId);
+    if (announceFastAPI) {
+        let children = [].slice.call(announceFastAPI.children);
+        children = shuffle(children)
+        let index = 0
+        const announceRandom = () => {
+            children.forEach((el, i) => {el.style.display = "none"});
+            children[index].style.display = "block"
+            index = (index + 1) % children.length
+        }
+        announceRandom()
+        setInterval(announceRandom, timeInterval
+        )
+    }
+}
+
 async function main() {
     if (div) {
         data = await getData()
@@ -144,6 +173,8 @@ async function main() {
     }
 
     setupTermynal();
+    showRandomAnnouncement('announce-left', 5000)
+    showRandomAnnouncement('announce-right', 10000)
 }
 
 main()

docs/en/docs/newsletter.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+# FastAPI and friends newsletter
+
+<iframe class="mj-w-res-iframe" frameborder="0" scrolling="no" marginheight="0" marginwidth="0" src="https://app.mailjet.com/widget/iframe/6gQ4/GDo" width="100%"></iframe>
+
+<script type="text/javascript" src="https://app.mailjet.com/statics/js/iframeResizer.min.js"></script>

docs/en/docs/project-generation.md

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ GitHub: <a href="https://github.com/tiangolo/full-stack-fastapi-postgresql" clas
     * **Easy**: Designed to be easy to use and learn. Less time reading docs.
     * **Short**: Minimize code duplication. Multiple features from each parameter declaration.
     * **Robust**: Get production-ready code. With automatic interactive documentation.
-    * **Standards-based**: Based on (and fully compatible with) the open standards for APIs: <a href="https://github.com/OAI/OpenAPI-Specification" class="external-link" target="_blank">OpenAPI</a> and <a href="http://json-schema.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">JSON Schema</a>.
+    * **Standards-based**: Based on (and fully compatible with) the open standards for APIs: <a href="https://github.com/OAI/OpenAPI-Specification" class="external-link" target="_blank">OpenAPI</a> and <a href="https://json-schema.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">JSON Schema</a>.
     * <a href="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/features/" class="external-link" target="_blank">**Many other features**</a> including automatic validation, serialization, interactive documentation, authentication with OAuth2 JWT tokens, etc.
 * **Secure password** hashing by default.
 * **JWT token** authentication.

docs/en/docs/python-types.md

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 # Python Types Intro
 
-**Python 3.6+** has support for optional "type hints".
+Python has support for optional "type hints".
 
-These **"type hints"** are a new syntax (since Python 3.6+) that allow declaring the <abbr title="for example: str, int, float, bool">type</abbr> of a variable.
+These **"type hints"** are a special syntax that allow declaring the <abbr title="for example: str, int, float, bool">type</abbr> of a variable.
 
 By declaring types for your variables, editors and tools can give you better support.
 

docs/en/docs/release-notes.md

@@ -1,6 +1,374 @@
 # Release Notes
 
-## Latest changes
+## Latest Changes
+
+
+## 0.65.2
+
+### Security fixes
+
+* 🔒 Check Content-Type request header before assuming JSON. Initial PR [#2118](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2118) by [@patrickkwang](https://github.com/patrickkwang).
+
+This change fixes a [CSRF](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-site_request_forgery) security vulnerability when using cookies for authentication in path operations with JSON payloads sent by browsers.
+
+In versions lower than `0.65.2`, FastAPI would try to read the request payload as JSON even if the `content-type` header sent was not set to `application/json` or a compatible JSON media type (e.g. `application/geo+json`).
+
+So, a request with a content type of `text/plain` containing JSON data would be accepted and the JSON data would be extracted.
+
+But requests with content type `text/plain` are exempt from [CORS](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/CORS) preflights, for being considered [Simple requests](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/CORS#simple_requests). So, the browser would execute them right away including cookies, and the text content could be a JSON string that would be parsed and accepted by the FastAPI application.
+
+See [CVE-2021-32677](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/security/advisories/GHSA-8h2j-cgx8-6xv7) for more details.
+
+Thanks to [Dima Boger](https://twitter.com/b0g3r) for the security report! 🙇🔒
+
+### Internal
+
+* 🔧 Update sponsors badge, course bundle. PR [#3340](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/3340) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
+* 🔧 Add new gold sponsor Jina 🎉. PR [#3291](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/3291) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
+* 🔧 Add new banner sponsor badge for FastAPI courses bundle. PR [#3288](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/3288) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
+* 👷 Upgrade Issue Manager GitHub Action. PR [#3236](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/3236) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
+
+## 0.65.1
+
+### Security fixes
+
+* 📌 Upgrade pydantic pin, to handle security vulnerability [CVE-2021-29510](https://github.com/samuelcolvin/pydantic/security/advisories/GHSA-5jqp-qgf6-3pvh). PR [#3213](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/3213) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
+
+## 0.65.0
+
+### Breaking Changes - Upgrade
+
+* ⬆️  Upgrade Starlette to `0.14.2`, including internal `UJSONResponse` migrated from Starlette. This includes several bug fixes and features from Starlette. PR [#2335](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2335) by [@hanneskuettner](https://github.com/hanneskuettner).
+
+### Translations
+
+* 🌐 Initialize new language Polish for translations. PR [#3170](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/3170) by [@neternefer](https://github.com/neternefer).
+
+### Internal
+
+* 👷 Add GitHub Action cache to speed up CI installs. PR [#3204](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/3204) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
+* ⬆️ Upgrade setup-python GitHub Action to v2. PR [#3203](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/3203) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
+* 🐛 Fix docs script to generate a new translation language with `overrides` boilerplate. PR [#3202](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/3202) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
+* ✨ Add new Deta banner badge with new sponsorship tier 🙇. PR [#3194](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/3194) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
+* 👥 Update FastAPI People. PR [#3189](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/3189) by [@github-actions[bot]](https://github.com/apps/github-actions).
+* 🔊 Update FastAPI People to allow better debugging. PR [#3188](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/3188) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
+
+## 0.64.0
+
+### Features
+
+* ✨ Add support for adding multiple `examples` in request bodies and path, query, cookie, and header params. New docs: [Declare Request Example Data](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/schema-extra-example/#body-with-multiple-examples). Initial PR [#1267](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1267) by [@austinorr](https://github.com/austinorr).
+
+### Fixes
+
+* 📌 Pin SQLAlchemy range for tests, as it doesn't use SemVer. PR [#3001](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/3001) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
+* 🎨 Add newly required type annotations for mypy. PR [#2882](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2882) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
+* 🎨 Remove internal "type: ignore", now unnecessary. PR [#2424](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2424) by [@AsakuraMizu](https://github.com/AsakuraMizu).
+
+### Docs
+
+* 📝 Add link to article in Russian "FastAPI: знакомимся с фреймворком". PR [#2564](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2564) by [@trkohler](https://github.com/trkohler).
+* 📝 Add external link to blog post "Authenticate Your FastAPI App with Auth0". PR [#2172](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2172) by [@dompatmore](https://github.com/dompatmore).
+* 📝 Fix broken link to article: Machine learning model serving in Python using FastAPI and Streamlit. PR [#2557](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2557) by [@davidefiocco](https://github.com/davidefiocco).
+* 📝 Add FastAPI Medium Article: Deploy a dockerized FastAPI application to AWS. PR [#2515](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2515) by [@vjanz](https://github.com/vjanz).
+* ✏ Fix typo in Tutorial - Handling Errors. PR [#2486](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2486) by [@johnthagen](https://github.com/johnthagen).
+* ✏ Fix typo in Security OAuth2 scopes. PR [#2407](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2407) by [@jugmac00](https://github.com/jugmac00).
+* ✏ Fix typo/clarify docs for SQL (Relational) Databases. PR [#2393](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2393) by [@kangni](https://github.com/kangni).
+* 📝 Add external link to "FastAPI for Flask Users". PR [#2280](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2280) by [@amitness](https://github.com/amitness).
+
+### Translations
+
+* 🌐 Fix Chinese translation of Tutorial - Query Parameters, remove obsolete content. PR [#3051](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/3051) by [@louis70109](https://github.com/louis70109).
+* 🌐 Add French translation for Tutorial - Background Tasks. PR [#3098](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/3098) by [@Smlep](https://github.com/Smlep).
+* 🌐 Fix Korean translation for docs/ko/docs/index.md. PR [#3159](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/3159) by [@SueNaEunYang](https://github.com/SueNaEunYang).
+* 🌐 Add Korean translation for Tutorial - Query Parameters. PR [#2390](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2390) by [@hard-coders](https://github.com/hard-coders).
+* 🌐 Add French translation for FastAPI People. PR [#2232](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2232) by [@JulianMaurin](https://github.com/JulianMaurin).
+* 🌐 Add Korean translation for Tutorial - Path Parameters. PR [#2355](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2355) by [@hard-coders](https://github.com/hard-coders).
+* 🌐 Add French translation for Features. PR [#2157](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2157) by [@Jefidev](https://github.com/Jefidev).
+* 👥 Update FastAPI People. PR [#3031](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/3031) by [@github-actions[bot]](https://github.com/apps/github-actions).
+* 🌐 Add Chinese translation for Tutorial - Debugging. PR [#2737](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2737) by [@blt232018](https://github.com/blt232018).
+* 🌐 Add Chinese translation for Tutorial - Security - OAuth2 with Password (and hashing), Bearer with JWT tokens. PR [#2642](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2642) by [@waynerv](https://github.com/waynerv).
+* 🌐 Add Korean translation for Tutorial - Header Parameters. PR [#2589](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2589) by [@mode9](https://github.com/mode9).
+* 🌐 Add Chinese translation for Tutorial - Metadata and Docs URLs. PR [#2559](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2559) by [@blt232018](https://github.com/blt232018).
+* 🌐 Add Korean translation for Tutorial - First Steps. PR [#2323](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2323) by [@hard-coders](https://github.com/hard-coders).
+* 🌐 Add Chinese translation for Tutorial - CORS (Cross-Origin Resource Sharing). PR [#2540](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2540) by [@blt232018](https://github.com/blt232018).
+* 🌐 Add Chinese translation for Tutorial - Middleware. PR [#2334](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2334) by [@lpdswing](https://github.com/lpdswing).
+* 🌐 Add Korean translation for Tutorial - Intro. PR [#2317](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2317) by [@hard-coders](https://github.com/hard-coders).
+* 🌐 Add Chinese translation for Tutorial - Bigger Applications - Multiple Files. PR [#2453](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2453) by [@waynerv](https://github.com/waynerv).
+* 🌐 Add Chinese translation for Tutorial - Security - Security Intro. PR [#2443](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2443) by [@waynerv](https://github.com/waynerv).
+* 🌐 Add Chinese translation for Tutorial - Header Parameters. PR [#2412](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2412) by [@maoyibo](https://github.com/maoyibo).
+* 🌐 Add Chinese translation for Tutorial - Extra Data Types. PR [#2410](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2410) by [@maoyibo](https://github.com/maoyibo).
+* 🌐 Add Japanese translation for Deployment - Docker. PR [#2312](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2312) by [@tokusumi](https://github.com/tokusumi).
+* 🌐 Add Japanese translation for Deployment - Versions. PR [#2310](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2310) by [@tokusumi](https://github.com/tokusumi).
+* 🌐 Add Chinese translation for Tutorial - Cookie Parameters. PR [#2261](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2261) by [@alicrazy1947](https://github.com/alicrazy1947).
+* 🌐 Add Japanese translation for Tutorial - Static files. PR [#2260](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2260) by [@tokusumi](https://github.com/tokusumi).
+* 🌐 Add Japanese translation for Tutorial - Testing. PR [#2259](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2259) by [@tokusumi](https://github.com/tokusumi).
+* 🌐 Add Japanese translation for Tutorial - Debugging. PR [#2256](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2256) by [@tokusumi](https://github.com/tokusumi).
+* 🌐 Add Japanese translation for Tutorial - Middleware. PR [#2255](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2255) by [@tokusumi](https://github.com/tokusumi).
+* 🌐 Add Japanese translation for Concurrency and async / await. PR [#2058](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2058) by [@tokusumi](https://github.com/tokusumi).
+* 🌐 Add Chinese translation for Tutorial - Security - Simple OAuth2 with Password and Bearer. PR [#2514](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2514) by [@waynerv](https://github.com/waynerv).
+* 🌐 Add Japanese translation for Deployment - Deta. PR [#2314](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2314) by [@tokusumi](https://github.com/tokusumi).
+* 🌐 Add Chinese translation for Tutorial - Security - Get Current User. PR [#2474](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2474) by [@waynerv](https://github.com/waynerv).
+* 🌐 Add Japanese translation for Deployment - Manually. PR [#2313](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2313) by [@tokusumi](https://github.com/tokusumi).
+* 🌐 Add Japanese translation for Deployment - Intro. PR [#2309](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2309) by [@tokusumi](https://github.com/tokusumi).
+* 🌐 Add Japanese translation for FastAPI People. PR [#2254](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2254) by [@tokusumi](https://github.com/tokusumi).
+* 🌐 Add Japanese translation for Advanced - Path Operation Advanced Configuration. PR [#2124](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2124) by [@Attsun1031](https://github.com/Attsun1031).
+* 🌐 Add Japanese translation for External Links. PR [#2070](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2070) by [@tokusumi](https://github.com/tokusumi).
+* 🌐 Add Japanese translation for Tutorial - Body - Updates. PR [#1956](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1956) by [@SwftAlpc](https://github.com/SwftAlpc).
+* 🌐 Add Japanese translation for Tutorial - Form Data. PR [#1943](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1943) by [@SwftAlpc](https://github.com/SwftAlpc).
+* 🌐 Add Japanese translation for Tutorial - Cookie Parameters. PR [#1933](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1933) by [@SwftAlpc](https://github.com/SwftAlpc).
+
+### Internal
+
+* 🔧 Update top banner, point to newsletter. PR [#3003](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/3003) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
+* 🔧 Disable sponsor WeTransfer. PR [#3002](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/3002) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
+* 👥 Update FastAPI People. PR [#2880](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2880) by [@github-actions[bot]](https://github.com/apps/github-actions).
+* 👥 Update FastAPI People. PR [#2739](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2739) by [@github-actions[bot]](https://github.com/apps/github-actions).
+* 🔧 Add new Gold Sponsor Talk Python 🎉. PR [#2673](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2673) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
+* 🔧 Add new Gold Sponsor vim.so 🎉. PR [#2669](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2669) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
+* 🔧 Add FastAPI user survey banner. PR [#2623](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2623) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
+* 🔧 Add new Bronze Sponsor(s) 🥉🎉. PR [#2622](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2622) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
+* 📝 Update social links: add Discord, fix GitHub. PR [#2621](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2621) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
+* 🔧 Update FastAPI People GitHub Sponsors order. PR [#2620](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2620) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
+* 🔧 Update InvestSuite sponsor data. PR [#2608](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2608) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
+* 👥 Update FastAPI People. PR [#2590](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2590) by [@github-actions[bot]](https://github.com/apps/github-actions).
+
+## 0.63.0
+
+### Features
+
+* ✨ Improve type annotations, add support for mypy --strict, internally and for external packages. PR [#2547](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2547) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
+
+### Breaking changes
+
+* ⬆️ Upgrade Uvicorn when installing `fastapi[all]` to the latest version including `uvloop`, the new range is `uvicorn[standard] >=0.12.0,<0.14.0`. PR [#2548](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2548) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
+
+### Fixes
+
+* 🐛 PR [#2547](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2547) (read above) also fixes some false-positive mypy errors with `callbacks` parameters and when using the `OAuth2` class.
+
+### Docs
+
+* 📝 Update Uvicorn installation instructions to use uvicorn[standard] (includes uvloop). PR [#2543](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2543) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
+* 📝 Update title for Deta tutorial. PR [#2466](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2466) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
+* 👥 Update FastAPI People. PR [#2454](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2454) by [@github-actions[bot]](https://github.com/apps/github-actions).
+
+### Translations
+
+* 🌐 Add docs lang selector widget. PR [#2542](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2542) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
+* 🌐 Add Chinese translation for Tutorial - Response Status Code. PR [#2442](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2442) by [@waynerv](https://github.com/waynerv).
+* 🌐 Start translation of the documentation for the Albanian language. PR [#2516](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2516) by [@vjanz](https://github.com/vjanz).
+* 🌐 Add Chinese translation for Tutorial - Extra Models. PR [#2416](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2416) by [@waynerv](https://github.com/waynerv).
+* 🌐 Add Chinese translation for Tutorial - Response Model. PR [#2414](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2414) by [@waynerv](https://github.com/waynerv).
+* 🌐 Add Chinese translation for Tutorial - Schema Extra Example. PR [#2411](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2411) by [@maoyibo](https://github.com/maoyibo).
+* 🌐 Add Korean translation for Index. PR [#2192](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2192) by [@hard-coders](https://github.com/hard-coders).
+* 🌐 Add Japanese translation for Advanced User Guide - Additional Status Codes. PR [#2145](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2145) by [@Attsun1031](https://github.com/Attsun1031).
+
+### Internal
+
+* 🐛 Fix docs overrides directory for translations. PR [#2541](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2541) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
+* ➖ Remove Typer as a docs building dependency (covered by typer-cli) to fix pip resolver conflicts. PR [#2539](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2539) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
+* ✨ Add newsletter: FastAPI and friends. PR [#2509](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2509) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
+* ✨ Add new Gold Sponsor: InvestSuite 🎉. PR [#2508](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2508) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
+* 🔧 Add issue template configs. PR [#2476](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2476) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
+
+## 0.62.0
+
+### Features
+
+* ✨ Add support for shared/top-level parameters (dependencies, tags, etc). PR [#2434](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2434) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
+
+Up to now, for several options, the only way to apply them to a group of *path operations* was in `include_router`. That works well, but the call to `app.include_router()` or `router.include_router()` is normally done in another file.
+
+That means that, for example, to apply authentication to all the *path operations* in a router it would end up being done in a different file, instead of keeping related logic together.
+
+Setting options in `include_router` still makes sense in some cases, for example, to override or increase configurations from a third party router included in an app. But in a router that is part of a bigger application, it would probably make more sense to add those settings when creating the `APIRouter`.
+
+**In `FastAPI`**
+
+This allows setting the (mostly new) parameters (additionally to the already existing parameters):
+
+* `default_response_class`: updated to handle defaults in `APIRouter` and `include_router`.
+* `dependencies`: to include ✨ top-level dependencies ✨ that apply to the whole application. E.g. to add global authentication.
+* `callbacks`: OpenAPI callbacks that apply to all the *path operations*.
+* `deprecated`: to mark all the *path operations* as deprecated. 🤷
+* `include_in_schema`: to allow excluding all the *path operations* from the OpenAPI schema.
+* `responses`: OpenAPI responses that apply to all the *path operations*.
+
+For example:
+
+```Python
+from fastapi import FastAPI, Depends
+
+
+async def some_dependency():
+    return
+
+
+app = FastAPI(dependencies=[Depends(some_dependency)])
+```
+
+**In `APIRouter`**
+
+This allows setting the (mostly new) parameters (additionally to the already existing parameters):
+
+* `default_response_class`: updated to handle defaults in `APIRouter` and `include_router`. For example, it's not needed to set it explicitly when [creating callbacks](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/openapi-callbacks/).
+* `dependencies`: to include ✨ router-level dependencies ✨ that apply to all the *path operations* in a router. Up to now, this was only possible with `include_router`.
+* `callbacks`: OpenAPI callbacks that apply to all the *path operations* in this router.
+* `deprecated`: to mark all the *path operations* in a router as deprecated.
+* `include_in_schema`: to allow excluding all the *path operations* in a router from the OpenAPI schema.
+* `responses`: OpenAPI responses that apply to all the *path operations* in a router.
+* `prefix`: to set the path prefix for a router. Up to now, this was only possible when calling `include_router`.
+* `tags`: OpenAPI tags to apply to all the *path operations* in this router.
+
+For example:
+
+```Python
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends
+
+
+async def some_dependency():
+    return
+
+
+router = APIRouter(prefix="/users", dependencies=[Depends(some_dependency)])
+```
+
+**In `include_router`**
+
+Most of these settings are now supported in `APIRouter`, which normally lives closer to the related code, so it is recommended to use `APIRouter` when possible.
+
+But `include_router` is still useful to, for example, adding options (like `dependencies`, `prefix`, and `tags`) when including a third party router, or a generic router that is shared between several projects.
+
+This PR allows setting the (mostly new) parameters (additionally to the already existing parameters):
+
+* `default_response_class`: updated to handle defaults in `APIRouter` and `FastAPI`.
+* `deprecated`: to mark all the *path operations* in a router as deprecated in OpenAPI.
+* `include_in_schema`: to allow disabling all the *path operations* from showing in the OpenAPI schema.
+* `callbacks`: OpenAPI callbacks that apply to all the *path operations* in this router.
+
+Note: all the previous parameters are still there, so it's still possible to declare `dependencies` in `include_router`.
+
+### Breaking Changes
+
+* PR [#2434](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2434) includes several improvements that shouldn't affect normal use cases, but could affect in advanced scenarios:
+    * If you are testing the generated OpenAPI (you shouldn't, FastAPI already tests it extensively for you): the order for `tags` in `include_router` and *path operations* was updated for consistency, but it's a simple order change.
+    * If you have advanced custom logic to access each route's `route.response_class`, or the `router.default_response_class`, or the `app.default_response_class`: the default value for `response_class` in `APIRoute` and for `default_response_class` in `APIRouter` and `FastAPI` is now a `DefaultPlaceholder` used internally to handle and solve default values and overrides. The actual response class inside the `DefaultPlaceholder` is available at `route.response_class.value`.
+
+### Docs
+
+* PR [#2434](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2434) (above) includes new or updated docs:
+    * <a href="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/openapi-callbacks/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Advanced User Guide - OpenAPI Callbacks</a>.
+    * <a href="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/bigger-applications/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Tutorial - Bigger Applications</a>.
+    * <a href="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/dependencies/dependencies-in-path-operation-decorators/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Tutorial - Dependencies - Dependencies in path operation decorators</a>.
+    * <a href="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/dependencies/global-dependencies/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Tutorial - Dependencies - Global Dependencies</a>.
+
+* 📝 Add FastAPI monitoring blog post to External Links. PR [#2324](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2324) by [@louisguitton](https://github.com/louisguitton).
+* ✏️ Fix typo in Deta tutorial. PR [#2320](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2320) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
+* ✨ Add Discord chat. PR [#2322](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2322) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
+* 📝 Fix image links for sponsors. PR [#2304](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2304) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
+
+### Translations
+
+* 🌐 Add Japanese translation for Advanced - Custom Response. PR [#2193](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2193) by [@Attsun1031](https://github.com/Attsun1031).
+* 🌐 Add Chinese translation for Benchmarks. PR [#2119](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2119) by [@spaceack](https://github.com/spaceack).
+* 🌐 Add Chinese translation for Tutorial - Body - Nested Models. PR [#1609](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1609) by [@waynerv](https://github.com/waynerv).
+* 🌐 Add Chinese translation for Advanced - Custom Response. PR [#1459](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1459) by [@RunningIkkyu](https://github.com/RunningIkkyu).
+* 🌐 Add Chinese translation for Advanced - Return a Response Directly. PR [#1452](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1452) by [@RunningIkkyu](https://github.com/RunningIkkyu).
+* 🌐 Add Chinese translation for Advanced - Additional Status Codes. PR [#1451](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1451) by [@RunningIkkyu](https://github.com/RunningIkkyu).
+* 🌐 Add Chinese translation for Advanced - Path Operation Advanced Configuration. PR [#1447](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1447) by [@RunningIkkyu](https://github.com/RunningIkkyu).
+* 🌐 Add Chinese translation for Advanced User Guide - Intro. PR [#1445](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1445) by [@RunningIkkyu](https://github.com/RunningIkkyu).
+
+### Internal
+
+* 🔧 Update TestDriven link to course in sponsors section. PR [#2435](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2435) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
+* 🍱 Update sponsor logos. PR [#2418](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2418) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
+* 💚 Fix disabling install of Material for MkDocs Insiders in forks, strike 1 ⚾. PR [#2340](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2340) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
+* 🐛 Fix disabling Material for MkDocs Insiders install in forks. PR [#2339](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2339) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
+* ✨ Add silver sponsor WeTransfer. PR [#2338](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2338) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
+* ✨ Set up and enable Material for MkDocs Insiders for the docs. PR [#2325](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2325) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
+
+## 0.61.2
+
+### Fixes
+
+* 📌 Relax Swagger UI version pin. PR [#2089](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2089) by [@jmriebold](https://github.com/jmriebold).
+* 🐛 Fix bug overriding custom HTTPException and RequestValidationError from exception_handlers. PR [#1924](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1924) by [@uriyyo](https://github.com/uriyyo).
+* ✏️ Fix typo on dependencies utils and cleanup unused variable. PR [#1912](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1912) by [@Kludex](https://github.com/Kludex).
+
+### Docs
+
+* ✏️  Fix typo in Tutorial - Path Parameters. PR [#2231](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2231) by [@mariacamilagl](https://github.com/mariacamilagl).
+* ✏ Fix a stylistic error in docs. PR [#2206](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2206) by [@ddobrinskiy](https://github.com/ddobrinskiy).
+* ✏ Fix capitalizaiton typo in docs. PR [#2204](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2204) by [@imba-tjd](https://github.com/imba-tjd).
+* ✏ Fix typo in docs. PR [#2179](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2179) by [@ammarasmro](https://github.com/ammarasmro).
+* 📝 Update/fix links in docs to use HTTPS. PR [#2165](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2165) by [@imba-tjd](https://github.com/imba-tjd).
+* ✏ Fix typos and add rewording in docs. PR [#2159](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2159) by [@nukopy](https://github.com/nukopy).
+* 📝 Fix code consistency in examples for Tutorial - User Guide - Path Parameters. PR [#2158](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2158) by [@nukopy](https://github.com/nukopy).
+* 📝 Fix renamed parameter `content_type` typo. PR [#2135](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2135) by [@TeoZosa](https://github.com/TeoZosa).
+* ✏ Fix minor typos in docs. PR [#2122](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2122) by [@TeoZosa](https://github.com/TeoZosa).
+* ✏ Fix typos in docs and source examples. PR [#2102](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2102) by [@AdrianDeAnda](https://github.com/AdrianDeAnda).
+* ✏ Fix incorrect Celery URLs in docs. PR [#2100](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2100) by [@CircleOnCircles](https://github.com/CircleOnCircles).
+* 📝 Simplify intro to Python Types, all currently supported Python versions include type hints 🎉. PR [#2085](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2085) by [@ninjaaron](https://github.com/ninjaaron).
+* 📝 Fix example code with sets in Tutorial - Body - Nested Models 3. PR [#2054](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2054) by [@hitrust](https://github.com/hitrust).
+* 📝 Fix example code with sets in Tutorial - Body - Nested Models 2. PR [#2053](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2053) by [@hitrust](https://github.com/hitrust).
+* 📝 Fix example code with sets in Tutorial - Body - Nested Models. PR [#2052](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2052) by [@hitrust](https://github.com/hitrust).
+* ✏ Fix typo in Benchmarks. PR [#1995](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1995) by [@AlejoAsd](https://github.com/AlejoAsd).
+* 📝 Add note in CORS tutorial about allow_origins with ["*"] and allow_credentials. PR [#1895](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1895) by [@dsmurrell](https://github.com/dsmurrell).
+* 📝 Add deployment to Deta, the first gold sponsor 🎉. PR [#2303](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2303) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
+* 👥 Update FastAPI People. PR [#2282](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2282) by [@github-actions[bot]](https://github.com/apps/github-actions).
+* ✏️ Fix uppercase in Tutorial - Query parameters. PR [#2245](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2245) by [@mariacamilagl](https://github.com/mariacamilagl).
+* 📝 Add articles to External Links. PR [#2247](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2247) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
+* ✏ Fix typo in Spanish tutorial index. PR [#2020](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2020) by [@aviloncho](https://github.com/aviloncho).
+
+### Translations
+
+* 🌐 Add Japanese translation for Advanced Tutorial - Response Directly. PR [#2191](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2191) by [@Attsun1031](https://github.com/Attsun1031).
+* 📝 Add Japanese translation for Tutorial - Security - First Steps. PR [#2153](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2153) by [@komtaki](https://github.com/komtaki).
+* 🌐 Add Japanese translation for Tutorial - Query Parameters and String Validations. PR [#1901](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1901) by [@SwftAlpc](https://github.com/SwftAlpc).
+* 🌐 Add Portuguese translation for External Links. PR [#1443](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1443) by [@Serrones](https://github.com/Serrones).
+* 🌐 Add Japanese translation for Tutorial - CORS. PR [#2125](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2125) by [@tokusumi](https://github.com/tokusumi).
+* 🌐 Add Japanese translation for Contributing. PR [#2067](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2067) by [@komtaki](https://github.com/komtaki).
+* 🌐 Add Japanese translation for Project Generation. PR [#2050](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2050) by [@tokusumi](https://github.com/tokusumi).
+* 🌐 Add Japanese translation for Alternatives. PR [#2043](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2043) by [@Attsun1031](https://github.com/Attsun1031).
+* 🌐 Add Japanese translation for History Design and Future. PR [#2002](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2002) by [@komtaki](https://github.com/komtaki).
+* 🌐 Add Japanese translation for Benchmarks. PR [#1992](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1992) by [@komtaki](https://github.com/komtaki).
+* 🌐 Add Japanese translation for Tutorial - Header Parameters. PR [#1935](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1935) by [@SwftAlpc](https://github.com/SwftAlpc).
+* 🌐 Add Portuguese translation for Tutorial - First Steps. PR [#1861](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1861) by [@jessicapaz](https://github.com/jessicapaz).
+* 🌐 Add Portuguese translation for Python Types. PR [#1796](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1796) by [@izaguerreiro](https://github.com/izaguerreiro).
+* 🌐 Add Japanese translation for Help FastAPI. PR [#1692](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1692) by [@tokusumi](https://github.com/tokusumi).
+* 🌐 Add Japanese translation for Tutorial - Body. PR [#1683](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1683) by [@tokusumi](https://github.com/tokusumi).
+* 🌐 Add Japanese translation for Tutorial - Query Params. PR [#1674](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1674) by [@tokusumi](https://github.com/tokusumi).
+* 🌐 Add Japanese translation for tutorial/path-params.md. PR [#1671](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1671) by [@tokusumi](https://github.com/tokusumi).
+* 🌐 Add Japanese translation for tutorial/first-steps.md. PR [#1658](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1658) by [@tokusumi](https://github.com/tokusumi).
+* 🌐 Add Japanese translation for tutorial/index.md. PR [#1656](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1656) by [@tokusumi](https://github.com/tokusumi).
+* 🌐 Add translation to Portuguese for Project Generation. PR [#1602](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1602) by [@Serrones](https://github.com/Serrones).
+* 🌐 Add Japanese translation for Features. PR [#1625](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1625) by [@tokusumi](https://github.com/tokusumi).
+* 🌐 Initialize new language Korean for translations. PR [#2018](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2018) by [@hard-coders](https://github.com/hard-coders).
+* 🌐 Add Portuguese translation of Deployment. PR [#1374](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/1374) by [@Serrones](https://github.com/Serrones).
+
+### Internal
+
+* 🔥 Cleanup after upgrade for Docs Previews GitHub Action. PR [#2248](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2248) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
+* 🐛 Fix CI docs preview, unzip docs. PR [#2246](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2246) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
+* ✨ Add instant docs deploy previews for PRs from forks. PR [#2244](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2244) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
+* ⚡️ Build docs for languages in parallel in subprocesses to speed up CI. PR [#2242](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2242) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
+* 🐛 Fix docs order generation for partial translations. PR [#2238](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2238) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
+* 👥 Update FastAPI People. PR [#2202](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2202) by [@github-actions[bot]](https://github.com/apps/github-actions).
+* ♻️ Update FastAPI People GitHub Action to send the PR as github-actions. PR [#2201](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2201) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
+* 🔧 Update FastAPI People GitHub Action config, run monthly. PR [#2199](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2199) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
+* 🐛 Fix FastAPI People GitHub Action Docker dependency, strike 1 ⚾. PR [#2198](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2198) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
+* 🐛 Fix FastAPI People GitHub Action Docker dependencies. PR [#2197](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2197) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
+* 🐛 Fix FastAPI People GitHub Action when there's nothing to change. PR [#2196](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2196) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
+* 👥 Add new section FastAPI People. PR [#2195](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2195) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
+* ⬆️ Upgrade GitHub Action Latest Changes. PR [#2190](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2190) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
+* ⬆️ Upgrade GitHub Action Label Approved. PR [#2189](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2189) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
+* 🔧 Update GitHub Action Label Approved, run at 12:00. PR [#2185](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2185) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
+* 👷 Upgrade GitHub Action Latest Changes. PR [#2184](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2184) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
+* 👷 Set GitHub Action Label Approved to run daily, not every minute. PR [#2163](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2163) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
+* 🔥 Remove pr-approvals GitHub Action as it's not compatible with forks. Use the new one. PR [#2162](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2162) by [@tiangolo](https://github.com/tiangolo).
+* 👷 Add GitHub Action Latest Changes. PR [#2160](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2160).
+* 👷 Add GitHub Action Label Approved. PR [#2161](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/2161).
 
 ## 0.61.1
 

docs/en/docs/tutorial/background-tasks.md

@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ You can see more details in <a href="https://www.starlette.io/background/" class
 
 ## Caveat
 
-If you need to perform heavy background computation and you don't necessarily need it to be run by the same process (for example, you don't need to share memory, variables, etc), you might benefit from using other bigger tools like <a href="http://www.celeryproject.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Celery</a>.
+If you need to perform heavy background computation and you don't necessarily need it to be run by the same process (for example, you don't need to share memory, variables, etc), you might benefit from using other bigger tools like <a href="https://docs.celeryproject.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">Celery</a>.
 
 They tend to require more complex configurations, a message/job queue manager, like RabbitMQ or Redis, but they allow you to run background tasks in multiple processes, and especially, in multiple servers.
 

docs/en/docs/tutorial/bigger-applications.md

@@ -16,14 +16,18 @@ Let's say you have a file structure like this:
 ├── app
 │   ├── __init__.py
 │   ├── main.py
+│   ├── dependencies.py
 │   └── routers
+│   │   ├── __init__.py
+│   │   ├── items.py
+│   │   └── users.py
+│   └── internal
 │       ├── __init__.py
-│       ├── items.py
-│       └── users.py
+│       └── admin.py
 ```
 
 !!! tip
-    There are two `__init__.py` files: one in each directory or subdirectory.
+    There are several `__init__.py` files: one in each directory or subdirectory.
 
     This is what allows importing code from one file into another.
 
@@ -33,18 +37,33 @@ Let's say you have a file structure like this:
     from app.routers import items
     ```
 
-* The `app` directory contains everything.
-* This `app` directory has an empty file `app/__init__.py`.
-    * So, the `app` directory is a "Python package" (a collection of "Python modules").
-* The `app` directory also has a `app/main.py` file.
-    * As it is inside a Python package directory (because there's a file `__init__.py`), it is a "module" of that package: `app.main`.
-* There's a subdirectory `app/routers/`.
-* The subdirectory `app/routers` also has an empty file `__init__.py`.
-    * So, it is a "Python subpackage".
-* The file `app/routers/items.py` is beside the `app/routers/__init__.py`.
-    * So, it's a submodule: `app.routers.items`.
-* The file `app/routers/users.py` is beside the `app/routers/__init__.py`.
-    * So, it's a submodule: `app.routers.users`.
+* The `app` directory contains everything. And it has an empty file `app/__init__.py`, so it is a "Python package" (a collection of "Python modules"): `app`.
+* It contains an `app/main.py` file. As it is inside a Python package (a directory with a file `__init__.py`), it is a "module" of that package: `app.main`.
+* There's also an `app/dependencies.py` file, just like `app/main.py`, it is a "module": `app.dependencies`.
+* There's a subdirectory `app/routers/` with another file `__init__.py`, so it's a "Python subpackage": `app.routers`.
+* The file `app/routers/items.py` is inside a package, `app/routers/`, so, it's a submodule: `app.routers.items`.
+* The same with `app/routers/users.py`, it's another submodule: `app.routers.users`.
+* There's also a subdirectory `app/internal/` with another file `__init__.py`, so it's another "Python subpackage": `app.internal`.
+* And the file `app/internal/admin.py` is another submodule: `app.internal.admin`.
+
+<img src="/img/tutorial/bigger-applications/package.svg">
+
+The same file structure with comments:
+
+```
+.
+├── app                  # "app" is a Python package
+│   ├── __init__.py      # this file makes "app" a "Python package"
+│   ├── main.py          # "main" module, e.g. import app.main
+│   ├── dependencies.py  # "dependencies" module, e.g. import app.dependencies
+│   └── routers          # "routers" is a "Python subpackage"
+│   │   ├── __init__.py  # makes "routers" a "Python subpackage"
+│   │   ├── items.py     # "items" submodule, e.g. import app.routers.items
+│   │   └── users.py     # "users" submodule, e.g. import app.routers.users
+│   └── internal         # "internal" is a "Python subpackage"
+│       ├── __init__.py  # makes "internal" a "Python subpackage"
+│       └── admin.py     # "admin" submodule, e.g. import app.internal.admin
+```
 
 ## `APIRouter`
 
@@ -78,16 +97,33 @@ You can think of `APIRouter` as a "mini `FastAPI`" class.
 
 All the same options are supported.
 
-All the same parameters, responses, dependencies, tags, etc.
+All the same `parameters`, `responses`, `dependencies`, `tags`, etc.
 
 !!! tip
     In this example, the variable is called `router`, but you can name it however you want.
 
-We are going to include this `APIrouter` in the main `FastAPI` app, but first, let's add another `APIRouter`.
+We are going to include this `APIRouter` in the main `FastAPI` app, but first, let's check the dependencies and another `APIRouter`.
+
+## Dependencies
+
+We see that we are going to need some dependencies used in several places of the application.
+
+So we put them in their own `dependencies` module (`app/dependencies.py`).
+
+We will now use a simple dependency to read a custom `X-Token` header:
+
+```Python hl_lines="1  4-6"
+{!../../../docs_src/bigger_applications/app/dependencies.py!}
+```
+
+!!! tip
+    We are using an invented header to simplify this example.
+
+    But in real cases you will get better results using the integrated [Security utilities](./security/index.md){.internal-link target=_blank}.
 
 ## Another module with `APIRouter`
 
-Let's say you also have the endpoints dedicated to handling "Items" from your application in the module at `app/routers/items.py`.
+Let's say you also have the endpoints dedicated to handling "items" from your application in the module at `app/routers/items.py`.
 
 You have *path operations* for:
 
@@ -96,24 +132,148 @@ You have *path operations* for:
 
 It's all the same structure as with `app/routers/users.py`.
 
-But let's say that this time we are more lazy.
+But we want to be smarter and simplify the code a bit.
 
-And we don't want to have to explicitly type `/items/` and `tags=["items"]` in every *path operation* (we will be able to do it later):
+We know all the *path operations* in this module have the same:
 
-```Python hl_lines="6  11"
+* Path `prefix`: `/items`.
+* `tags`: (just one tag: `items`).
+* Extra `responses`.
+* `dependencies`: they all need that `X-Token` dependency we created.
+
+So, instead of adding all that to each *path operation*, we can add it to the `APIRouter`.
+
+```Python hl_lines="5-10  16  21"
 {!../../../docs_src/bigger_applications/app/routers/items.py!}
 ```
 
+As the path of each *path operation* has to start with `/`, like in:
+
+```Python hl_lines="1"
+@router.get("/{item_id}")
+async def read_item(item_id: str):
+    ...
+```
+
+...the prefix must not include a final `/`.
+
+So, the prefix in this case is `/items`.
+
+We can also add a list of `tags` and extra `responses` that will be applied to all the *path operations* included in this router.
+
+And we can add a list of `dependencies` that will be added to all the *path operations* in the router and will be executed/solved for each request made to them.
+
+!!! tip
+    Note that, much like [dependencies in *path operation decorators*](dependencies/dependencies-in-path-operation-decorators.md){.internal-link target=_blank}, no value will be passed to your *path operation function*.
+
+The end result is that the item paths are now:
+
+* `/items/`
+* `/items/{item_id}`
+
+...as we intended.
+
+* They will be marked with a list of tags that contain a single string `"items"`.
+    * These "tags" are especially useful for the automatic interactive documentation systems (using OpenAPI).
+* All of them will include the predefined `responses`.
+* All these *path operations* will have the list of `dependencies` evaluated/executed before them.
+    * If you also declare dependencies in a specific *path operation*, **they will be executed too**.
+    * The router dependencies are executed first, then the [`dependencies` in the decorator](dependencies/dependencies-in-path-operation-decorators.md){.internal-link target=_blank}, and then the normal parameter dependencies.
+    * You can also add [`Security` dependencies with `scopes`](../advanced/security/oauth2-scopes.md){.internal-link target=_blank}.
+
+!!! tip
+    Having `dependencies` in the `APIRouter` can be used, for example, to require authentication for a whole group of *path operations*. Even if the dependencies are not added individually to each one of them.
+
+!!! check
+    The `prefix`, `tags`, `responses`, and `dependencies` parameters are (as in many other cases) just a feature from **FastAPI** to help you avoid code duplication.
+
+### Import the dependencies
+
+This codes lives in the module `app.routers.items`, the file `app/routers/items.py`.
+
+And we need to get the dependency function from the module `app.dependencies`, the file `app/dependencies.py`.
+
+So we use a relative import with `..` for the dependencies:
+
+```Python hl_lines="3"
+{!../../../docs_src/bigger_applications/app/routers/items.py!}
+```
+
+#### How relative imports work
+
+!!! tip
+    If you know perfectly how imports work, continue to the next section below.
+
+A single dot `.`, like in:
+
+```Python
+from .dependencies import get_token_header
+```
+
+would mean:
+
+* Starting in the same package that this module (the file `app/routers/items.py`) lives in (the directory `app/routers/`)...
+* find the module `dependencies` (an imaginary file at `app/routers/dependencies.py`)...
+* and from it, import the function `get_token_header`.
+
+But that file doesn't exist, our dependencies are in a file at `app/dependencies.py`.
+
+Remember how our app/file structure looks like:
+
+<img src="/img/tutorial/bigger-applications/package.svg">
+
+---
+
+The two dots `..`, like in:
+
+```Python
+from ..dependencies import get_token_header
+```
+
+mean:
+
+* Starting in the same package that this module (the file `app/routers/items.py`) lives in (the directory `app/routers/`)...
+* go to the parent package (the directory `app/`)...
+* and in there, find the module `dependencies` (the file at `app/routers/dependencies.py`)...
+* and from it, import the function `get_token_header`.
+
+That works correctly! 🎉
+
+---
+
+The same way, if we had used three dots `...`, like in:
+
+```Python
+from ...dependencies import get_token_header
+```
+
+that would mean:
+
+* Starting in the same package that this module (the file `app/routers/items.py`) lives in (the directory `app/routers/`)...
+* go to the parent package (the directory `app/`)...
+* then go to the parent of that package (there's no parent package, `app` is the top level 😱)...
+* and in there, find the module `dependencies` (the file at `app/routers/dependencies.py`)...
+* and from it, import the function `get_token_header`.
+
+That would refer to some package above `app/`, with its own file `__init__.py`, etc. But we don't have that. So, that would throw an error in our example. 🚨
+
+But now you know how it works, so you can use relative imports in your own apps no matter how complex they are. 🤓
+
 ### Add some custom `tags`, `responses`, and `dependencies`
 
-We are not adding the prefix `/items/` nor the `tags=["items"]` to add them later.
+We are not adding the prefix `/items` nor the `tags=["items"]` to each *path operation* because we added them to the `APIRouter`.
 
-But we can add custom `tags` and `responses` that will be applied to a specific *path operation*:
+But we can still add _more_ `tags` that will be applied to a specific *path operation*, and also some extra `responses` specific to that *path operation*:
 
-```Python hl_lines="18-19"
+```Python hl_lines="30-31"
 {!../../../docs_src/bigger_applications/app/routers/items.py!}
 ```
 
+!!! tip
+    This last path operation will have the combination of tags: `["items", "custom"]`.
+
+    And it will also have both responses in the documentation, one for `404` and one for `403`.
+
 ## The main `FastAPI`
 
 Now, let's see the module at `app/main.py`.
@@ -122,25 +282,27 @@ Here's where you import and use the class `FastAPI`.
 
 This will be the main file in your application that ties everything together.
 
+And as most of your logic will now live in its own specific module, the main file will be quite simple.
+
 ### Import `FastAPI`
 
-You import and create a `FastAPI` class as normally:
+You import and create a `FastAPI` class as normally.
 
-```Python hl_lines="1  5"
+And we can even declare [global dependencies](dependencies/global-dependencies.md){.internal-link target=_blank} that will be combined with the dependencies for each `APIRouter`:
+
+```Python hl_lines="1  3  7"
 {!../../../docs_src/bigger_applications/app/main.py!}
 ```
 
 ### Import the `APIRouter`
 
-But this time we are not adding *path operations* directly with the `FastAPI` `app`.
+Now we import the other submodules that have `APIRouter`s:
 
-We import the other submodules that have `APIRouter`s:
-
-```Python hl_lines="3"
+```Python hl_lines="5"
 {!../../../docs_src/bigger_applications/app/main.py!}
 ```
 
-As the file `app/routers/items.py` is part of the same Python package, we can import it using "dot notation".
+As the files `app/routers/users.py` and `app/routers/items.py` are submodules that are part of the same Python package `app`, we can use a single dot `.` to import them using "relative imports".
 
 ### How the importing works
 
@@ -156,7 +318,9 @@ Means:
 * look for the subpackage `routers` (the directory at `app/routers/`)...
 * and from it, import the submodule `items` (the file at `app/routers/items.py`) and `users` (the file at `app/routers/users.py`)...
 
-The module `items` will have a variable `router` (`items.router`). This is the same one we created in the file `app/routers/items.py`. It's an `APIRouter`. The same for the module `users`.
+The module `items` will have a variable `router` (`items.router`). This is the same one we created in the file `app/routers/items.py`, it's an `APIRouter` object.
+
+And then we do the same for the module `users`.
 
 We could also import them like:
 
@@ -165,9 +329,17 @@ from app.routers import items, users
 ```
 
 !!! info
-    The first version is a "relative import".
+    The first version is a "relative import":
 
-    The second version is an "absolute import".
+    ```Python
+    from .routers import items, users
+    ```
+    
+    The second version is an "absolute import":
+
+    ```Python
+    from app.routers import items, users
+    ```
 
     To learn more about Python Packages and Modules, read <a href="https://docs.python.org/3/tutorial/modules.html" class="external-link" target="_blank">the official Python documentation about Modules</a>.
 
@@ -188,22 +360,24 @@ The `router` from `users` would overwrite the one from `items` and we wouldn't b
 
 So, to be able to use both of them in the same file, we import the submodules directly:
 
-```Python hl_lines="3"
+```Python hl_lines="4"
 {!../../../docs_src/bigger_applications/app/main.py!}
 ```
 
-### Include an `APIRouter`
+### Include the `APIRouter`s for `users` and `items`
 
-Now, let's include the `router` from the submodule `users`:
+Now, let's include the `router`s from the submodules `users` and `items`:
 
-```Python hl_lines="13"
+```Python hl_lines="10-11"
 {!../../../docs_src/bigger_applications/app/main.py!}
 ```
 
 !!! info
     `users.router` contains the `APIRouter` inside of the file `app/routers/users.py`.
 
-With `app.include_router()` we can add an `APIRouter` to the main `FastAPI` application.
+    And `items.router` contains the `APIRouter` inside of the file `app/routers/items.py`.
+
+With `app.include_router()` we can add each `APIRouter` to the main `FastAPI` application.
 
 It will include all the routes from that router as part of it.
 
@@ -217,67 +391,52 @@ It will include all the routes from that router as part of it.
 
     This will take microseconds and will only happen at startup.
 
-    So it won't affect performance.
+    So it won't affect performance. ⚡
 
-### Include an `APIRouter` with a `prefix`, `tags`, `responses`, and `dependencies`
+### Include an `APIRouter` with a custom `prefix`, `tags`, `responses`, and `dependencies`
 
-Now, let's include the router from the `items` submodule.
+Now, let's imagine your organization gave you the `app/internal/admin.py` file.
 
-But, remember that we were lazy and didn't add `/items/` nor `tags` to all the *path operations*?
+It contains an `APIRouter` with some admin *path operations* that your organization shares between several projects.
 
-We can add a prefix to all the *path operations* using the parameter `prefix` of `app.include_router()`.
+For this example it will be super simple. But let's say that because it is shared with other projects in the organization, we cannot modify it and add a `prefix`, `dependencies`, `tags`, etc. directly to the `APIRouter`:
 
-As the path of each *path operation* has to start with `/`, like in:
-
-```Python hl_lines="1"
-@router.get("/{item_id}")
-async def read_item(item_id: str):
-    ...
+```Python hl_lines="3"
+{!../../../docs_src/bigger_applications/app/internal/admin.py!}
 ```
 
-...the prefix must not include a final `/`.
+But we still want to set a custom `prefix` when including the `APIRouter` so that all its *path operations* start with `/admin`, we want to secure it with the `dependencies` we already have for this project, and we want to include `tags` and `responses`.
 
-So, the prefix in this case would be `/items`.
+We can declare all that without having to modify the original `APIRouter` by passing those parameters to `app.include_router()`:
 
-We can also add a list of `tags` that will be applied to all the *path operations* included in this router.
-
-And we can add predefined `responses` that will be included in all the *path operations* too.
-
-And we can add a list of `dependencies` that will be added to all the *path operations* in the router and will be executed/solved for each request made to them. Note that, much like dependencies in *path operation decorators*, no value will be passed to your *path operation function*.
-
-```Python hl_lines="8-10  14-20"
+```Python hl_lines="14-17"
 {!../../../docs_src/bigger_applications/app/main.py!}
 ```
 
-The end result is that the item paths are now:
+That way, the original `APIRouter` will keep unmodified, so we can still share that same `app/internal/admin.py` file with other projects in the organization.
 
-* `/items/`
-* `/items/{item_id}`
+The result is that in our app, each of the *path operations* from the `admin` module will have:
 
-...as we intended.
+* The prefix `/admin`.
+* The tag `admin`.
+* The dependency `get_token_header`.
+* The response `418`. 🍵
 
-* They will be marked with a list of tags that contain a single string `"items"`.
-* The *path operation* that declared a `"custom"` tag will have both tags, `items` and `custom`.
-    * These "tags" are especially useful for the automatic interactive documentation systems (using OpenAPI).
-* All of them will include the predefined `responses`.
-* The *path operation* that declared a custom `403` response will have both the predefined responses (`404`) and the `403` declared in it directly.
-* All these *path operations* will have the list of `dependencies` evaluated/executed before them.
-    * If you also declare dependencies in a specific *path operation*, **they will be executed too**.
-    * The router dependencies are executed first, then the [`dependencies` in the decorator](dependencies/dependencies-in-path-operation-decorators.md){.internal-link target=_blank}, and then the normal parameter dependencies.
-    * You can also add [`Security` dependencies with `scopes`](../advanced/security/oauth2-scopes.md){.internal-link target=_blank}.
+But that will only affect that `APIRouter` in our app, not in any other code that uses it.
 
-!!! tip
-    Having `dependencies` in a decorator can be used, for example, to require authentication for a whole group of *path operations*. Even if the dependencies are not added individually to each one of them.
+So, for example, other projects could use the same `APIRouter` with a different authentication method.
 
-!!! check
-    The `prefix`, `tags`, `responses` and `dependencies` parameters are (as in many other cases) just a feature from **FastAPI** to help you avoid code duplication.
+### Include a *path operation*
 
-!!! tip
-    You could also add *path operations* directly, for example with: `@app.get(...)`.
+We can also add *path operations* directly to the `FastAPI` app.
 
-    Apart from `app.include_router()`, in the same **FastAPI** app.
+Here we do it... just to show that we can 🤷:
 
-    It would still work the same.
+```Python hl_lines="21-23"
+{!../../../docs_src/bigger_applications/app/main.py!}
+```
+
+and it will work correctly, together with all the other *path operations* added with `app.include_router()`.
 
 !!! info "Very Technical Details"
     **Note**: this is a very technical detail that you probably can **just skip**.
@@ -317,3 +476,13 @@ You can also use `.include_router()` multiple times with the *same* router using
 This could be useful, for example, to expose the same API under different prefixes, e.g. `/api/v1` and `/api/latest`.
 
 This is an advanced usage that you might not really need, but it's there in case you do.
+
+## Include an `APIRouter` in another
+
+The same way you can include an `APIRouter` in a `FastAPI` application, you can include an `APIRouter` in another `APIRouter` using:
+
+```Python
+router.include_router(other_router)
+```
+
+Make sure you do it before including `router` in the `FastAPI` app, so that the *path operations* from `other_router` are also included.

docs/en/docs/tutorial/body.md

@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ With just that Python type declaration, **FastAPI** will:
     * If the data is invalid, it will return a nice and clear error, indicating exactly where and what was the incorrect data.
 * Give you the received data in the parameter `item`.
     * As you declared it in the function to be of type `Item`, you will also have all the editor support (completion, etc) for all of the attributes and their types.
-* Generate <a href="http://json-schema.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">JSON Schema</a> definitions for your model, you can also use them anywhere else you like if it makes sense for your project.
+* Generate <a href="https://json-schema.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">JSON Schema</a> definitions for your model, you can also use them anywhere else you like if it makes sense for your project.
 * Those schemas will be part of the generated OpenAPI schema, and used by the automatic documentation <abbr title="User Interfaces">UIs</abbr>.
 
 ## Automatic docs
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ Inside of the function, you can access all the attributes of the model object di
 
 ## Request body + path parameters
 
-You can declare path parameters and body requests at the same time.
+You can declare path parameters and request body at the same time.
 
 **FastAPI** will recognize that the function parameters that match path parameters should be **taken from the path**, and that function parameters that are declared to be Pydantic models should be **taken from the request body**.
 

docs/en/docs/tutorial/cors.md

@@ -55,10 +55,10 @@ The default parameters used by the `CORSMiddleware` implementation are restricti
 The following arguments are supported:
 
 * `allow_origins` - A list of origins that should be permitted to make cross-origin requests. E.g. `['https://example.org', 'https://www.example.org']`. You can use `['*']` to allow any origin.
-* `allow_origin_regex` - A regex string to match against origins that should be permitted to make cross-origin requests. eg. `'https://.*\.example\.org'`.
+* `allow_origin_regex` - A regex string to match against origins that should be permitted to make cross-origin requests. e.g. `'https://.*\.example\.org'`.
 * `allow_methods` - A list of HTTP methods that should be allowed for cross-origin requests. Defaults to `['GET']`. You can use `['*']` to allow all standard methods.
 * `allow_headers` - A list of HTTP request headers that should be supported for cross-origin requests. Defaults to `[]`. You can use `['*']` to allow all headers. The `Accept`, `Accept-Language`, `Content-Language` and `Content-Type` headers are always allowed for CORS requests.
-* `allow_credentials` - Indicate that cookies should be supported for cross-origin requests. Defaults to `False`.
+* `allow_credentials` - Indicate that cookies should be supported for cross-origin requests. Defaults to `False`. Also, `allow_origins` cannot be set to `['*']` for credentials to be allowed, origins must be specified.
 * `expose_headers` - Indicate any response headers that should be made accessible to the browser. Defaults to `[]`.
 * `max_age` - Sets a maximum time in seconds for browsers to cache CORS responses. Defaults to `600`.
 

docs/en/docs/tutorial/dependencies/dependencies-in-path-operation-decorators.md

@@ -27,6 +27,11 @@ These dependencies will be executed/solved the same way normal dependencies. But
 
     It might also help avoid confusion for new developers that see an unused parameter in your code and could think it's unnecessary.
 
+!!! info
+    In this example we use invented custom headers `X-Key` and `X-Token`.
+
+    But in real cases, when implementing security, you would get more benefits from using the integrated [Security utilities (the next chapter)](../security/index.md){.internal-link target=_blank}.
+
 ## Dependencies errors and return values
 
 You can use the same dependency *functions* you use normally.
@@ -60,3 +65,7 @@ So, you can re-use a normal dependency (that returns a value) you already use so
 ## Dependencies for a group of *path operations*
 
 Later, when reading about how to structure bigger applications ([Bigger Applications - Multiple Files](../../tutorial/bigger-applications.md){.internal-link target=_blank}), possibly with multiple files, you will learn how to declare a single `dependencies` parameter for a group of *path operations*.
+
+## Global Dependencies
+
+Next we will see how to add dependencies to the whole `FastAPI` application, so that they apply to each *path operation*.

docs/en/docs/tutorial/dependencies/global-dependencies.md

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+# Global Dependencies
+
+For some types of applications you might want to add dependencies to the whole application.
+
+Similar to the way you can [add `dependencies` to the *path operation decorators*](dependencies-in-path-operation-decorators.md){.internal-link target=_blank}, you can add them to the `FastAPI` application.
+
+In that case, they will be applied to all the *path operations* in the application:
+
+```Python hl_lines="15"
+{!../../../docs_src/dependencies/tutorial012.py!}
+```
+
+And all the ideas in the section about [adding `dependencies` to the *path operation decorators*](dependencies-in-path-operation-decorators.md){.internal-link target=_blank} still apply, but in this case, to all of the *path operations* in the app.
+
+## Dependencies for groups of *path operations*
+
+Later, when reading about how to structure bigger applications ([Bigger Applications - Multiple Files](../../tutorial/bigger-applications.md){.internal-link target=_blank}), possibly with multiple files, you will learn how to declare a single `dependencies` parameter for a group of *path operations*.

docs/en/docs/tutorial/handling-errors.md

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ This also means that if you are inside a utility function that you are calling i
 
 The benefit of raising an exception over `return`ing a value will be more evident in the section about Dependencies and Security.
 
-In this example, when the client request an item by an ID that doesn't exist, raise an exception with a status code of `404`:
+In this example, when the client requests an item by an ID that doesn't exist, raise an exception with a status code of `404`:
 
 ```Python hl_lines="11"
 {!../../../docs_src/handling_errors/tutorial001.py!}

docs/en/docs/tutorial/index.md

@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ $ pip install fastapi[all]
     Also install `uvicorn` to work as the server:
 
     ```
-    pip install uvicorn
+    pip install uvicorn[standard]
     ```
 
     And the same for each of the optional dependencies that you want to use.

docs/en/docs/tutorial/path-params-numeric-validations.md

@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ And you can also declare numeric validations:
 * `le`: `l`ess than or `e`qual
 
 !!! info
-    `Query`, `Path` and others you will see later subclasses of a common `Param` class (that you don't need to use).
+    `Query`, `Path`, and others you will see later are subclasses of a common `Param` class (that you don't need to use).
 
     And all of them share the same all these same parameters of additional validation and metadata you have seen.
 

docs/en/docs/tutorial/path-params.md

@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ But if you go to the browser at <a href="http://127.0.0.1:8000/items/foo" class=
 
 because the path parameter `item_id` had a value of `"foo"`, which is not an `int`.
 
-The same error would appear if you provided a `float` instead of an int, as in: <a href="http://127.0.0.1:8000/items/4.2" class="external-link" target="_blank">http://127.0.0.1:8000/items/4.2</a>
+The same error would appear if you provided a `float` instead of an `int`, as in: <a href="http://127.0.0.1:8000/items/4.2" class="external-link" target="_blank">http://127.0.0.1:8000/items/4.2</a>
 
 !!! check
     So, with the same Python type declaration, **FastAPI** gives you data validation.

docs/en/docs/tutorial/query-params-str-validations.md

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ The query parameter `q` is of type `Optional[str]`, that means that it's of type
 
 ## Additional validation
 
-We are going to enforce that even though `q` is optional, whenever it is provided, it **doesn't exceed a length of 50 characters**.
+We are going to enforce that even though `q` is optional, whenever it is provided, **its length doesn't exceed 50 characters**.
 
 ### Import `Query`
 

docs/en/docs/tutorial/query-params.md

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ When you declare other function parameters that are not part of the path paramet
 
 The query is the set of key-value pairs that go after the `?` in a URL, separated by `&` characters.
 
-For example, in the url:
+For example, in the URL:
 
 ```
 http://127.0.0.1:8000/items/?skip=0&limit=10

docs/en/docs/tutorial/request-files.md

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ If you declare the type of your *path operation function* parameter as `bytes`,
 
 Have in mind that this means that the whole contents will be stored in memory. This will work well for small files.
 
-But there are several cases in where you might benefit from using `UploadFile`.
+But there are several cases in which you might benefit from using `UploadFile`.
 
 ## `File` parameters with `UploadFile`
 

docs/en/docs/tutorial/schema-extra-example.md

@@ -1,58 +1,109 @@
-# Schema Extra - Example
+# Declare Request Example Data
 
-You can define extra information to go in JSON Schema.
+You can declare examples of the data your app can receive.
 
-A common use case is to add an `example` that will be shown in the docs.
-
-There are several ways you can declare extra JSON Schema information.
+Here are several ways to do it.
 
 ## Pydantic `schema_extra`
 
-You can declare an example for a Pydantic model using `Config` and `schema_extra`, as described in <a href="https://pydantic-docs.helpmanual.io/usage/schema/#schema-customization" class="external-link" target="_blank">Pydantic's docs: Schema customization</a>:
+You can declare an `example` for a Pydantic model using `Config` and `schema_extra`, as described in <a href="https://pydantic-docs.helpmanual.io/usage/schema/#schema-customization" class="external-link" target="_blank">Pydantic's docs: Schema customization</a>:
 
 ```Python hl_lines="15-23"
 {!../../../docs_src/schema_extra_example/tutorial001.py!}
 ```
 
-That extra info will be added as-is to the output JSON Schema.
+That extra info will be added as-is to the output **JSON Schema** for that model, and it will be used in the API docs.
+
+!!! tip
+    You could use the same technique to extend the JSON Schema and add your own custom extra info.
+
+    For example you could use it to add metadata for a frontend user interface, etc.
 
 ## `Field` additional arguments
 
-In `Field`, `Path`, `Query`, `Body` and others you'll see later, you can also declare extra info for the JSON Schema by passing any other arbitrary arguments to the function, for example, to add an `example`:
+When using `Field()` with Pydantic models, you can also declare extra info for the **JSON Schema** by passing any other arbitrary arguments to the function.
+
+You can use this to add `example` for each field:
 
 ```Python hl_lines="4  10-13"
 {!../../../docs_src/schema_extra_example/tutorial002.py!}
 ```
 
 !!! warning
-    Have in mind that those extra arguments passed won't add any validation, only annotation, for documentation purposes.
+    Keep in mind that those extra arguments passed won't add any validation, only extra information, for documentation purposes.
 
-## `Body` additional arguments
+## `example` and `examples` in OpenAPI
 
-The same way you can pass extra info to `Field`, you can do the same with `Path`, `Query`, `Body`, etc.
+When using any of:
 
-For example, you can pass an `example` for a body request to `Body`:
+* `Path()`
+* `Query()`
+* `Header()`
+* `Cookie()`
+* `Body()`
+* `Form()`
+* `File()`
+
+you can also declare a data `example` or a group of `examples` with additional information that will be added to **OpenAPI**.
+
+### `Body` with `example`
+
+Here we pass an `example` of the data expected in `Body()`:
 
 ```Python hl_lines="21-26"
 {!../../../docs_src/schema_extra_example/tutorial003.py!}
 ```
 
-## Example in the docs UI
+### Example in the docs UI
 
 With any of the methods above it would look like this in the `/docs`:
 
 <img src="/img/tutorial/body-fields/image01.png">
 
+### `Body` with multiple `examples`
+
+Alternatively to the single `example`, you can pass `examples` using a `dict` with **multiple examples**, each with extra information that will be added to **OpenAPI** too.
+
+The keys of the `dict` identify each example, and each value is another `dict`.
+
+Each specific example `dict` in the `examples` can contain:
+
+* `summary`: Short description for the example.
+* `description`: A long description that can contain Markdown text.
+* `value`: This is the actual example shown, e.g. a `dict`.
+* `externalValue`: alternative to `value`, a URL pointing to the example. Although this might not be supported by as many tools as `value`.
+
+```Python hl_lines="22-48"
+{!../../../docs_src/schema_extra_example/tutorial004.py!}
+```
+
+### Examples in the docs UI
+
+With `examples` added to `Body()` the `/docs` would look like:
+
+<img src="/img/tutorial/body-fields/image02.png">
+
 ## Technical Details
 
-About `example` vs `examples`...
+!!! warning
+    These are very technical details about the standards **JSON Schema** and **OpenAPI**.
 
-JSON Schema defines a field <a href="https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/json-schema-validation.html#rfc.section.9.5" class="external-link" target="_blank">`examples`</a> in the most recent versions, but OpenAPI is based on an older version of JSON Schema that didn't have `examples`.
+    If the ideas above already work for you, that might me enough, and you probably don't need these details, feel free to skip them.
 
-So, OpenAPI defined its own <a href="https://github.com/OAI/OpenAPI-Specification/blob/master/versions/3.0.3.md#fixed-fields-20" class="external-link" target="_blank">`example`</a> for the same purpose (as `example`, not `examples`), and that's what is used by the docs UI (using Swagger UI).
+When you add an example inside of a Pydantic model, using `schema_extra` or `Field(example="something")` that example is added to the **JSON Schema** for that Pydantic model.
 
-So, although `example` is not part of JSON Schema, it is part of OpenAPI, and that's what will be used by the docs UI.
+And that **JSON Schema** of the Pydantic model is included in the **OpenAPI** of your API, and then it's used in the docs UI.
 
-## Other info
+**JSON Schema** doesn't really have a field `example` in the standards. Recent versions of JSON Schema define a field <a href="https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/json-schema-validation.html#rfc.section.9.5" class="external-link" target="_blank">`examples`</a>, but OpenAPI 3.0.3 is based on an older version of JSON Schema that didn't have `examples`.
 
-The same way, you could add your own custom extra info that would be added to the JSON Schema for each model, for example to customize a frontend user interface, etc.
+So, OpenAPI 3.0.3 defined its own <a href="https://github.com/OAI/OpenAPI-Specification/blob/master/versions/3.0.3.md#fixed-fields-20" class="external-link" target="_blank">`example`</a> for the modified version of **JSON Schema** it uses, for the same purpose (but it's a single `example`, not `examples`), and that's what is used by the API docs UI (using Swagger UI).
+
+So, although `example` is not part of JSON Schema, it is part of OpenAPI's custom version of JSON Schema, and that's what will be used by the docs UI.
+
+But when you use `example` or `examples` with any of the other utilities (`Query()`, `Body()`, etc.) those examples are not added to the JSON Schema that describes that data (not even to OpenAPI's own version of JSON Schema), they are added directly to the *path operation* declaration in OpenAPI (outside the parts of OpenAPI that use JSON Schema).
+
+For `Path()`, `Query()`, `Header()`, and `Cookie()`, the `example` or `examples` are added to the <a href="https://github.com/OAI/OpenAPI-Specification/blob/main/versions/3.0.3.md#parameter-object" class="external-link" target="_blank">OpenAPI definition, to the `Parameter Object` (in the specification)</a>.
+
+And for `Body()`, `File()`, and `Form()`, the `example` or `examples` are equivalently added to the <a href="https://github.com/OAI/OpenAPI-Specification/blob/main/versions/3.0.3.md#mediaTypeObject" class="external-link" target="_blank">OpenAPI definition, to the `Request Body Object`, in the field `content`, on the `Media Type Object` (in the specification)</a>.
+
+On the other hand, there's a newer version of OpenAPI: **3.1.0**, recently released. It is based on the latest JSON Schema and most of the modifications from OpenAPI's custom version of JSON Schema are removed, in exchange of the features from the recent versions of JSON Schema, so all these small differences are reduced. Nevertheless, Swagger UI currently doesn't support OpenAPI 3.1.0, so, for now, it's better to continue using the ideas above.

docs/en/docs/tutorial/security/oauth2-jwt.md

@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ $ pip install python-jose[cryptography]
 
 <a href="https://github.com/mpdavis/python-jose" class="external-link" target="_blank">Python-jose</a> requires a cryptographic backend as an extra.
 
-Here we are using the recommended one: <a href="http://cryptography.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">pyca/cryptography</a>.
+Here we are using the recommended one: <a href="https://cryptography.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">pyca/cryptography</a>.
 
 !!! tip
     This tutorial previously used <a href="https://pyjwt.readthedocs.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">PyJWT</a>.

docs/en/docs/tutorial/sql-databases.md

@@ -235,7 +235,7 @@ Now let's check the file `sql_app/schemas.py`.
     To avoid confusion between the SQLAlchemy *models* and the Pydantic *models*, we will have the file `models.py` with the SQLAlchemy models, and the file `schemas.py` with the Pydantic models.
 
     These Pydantic models define more or less a "schema" (a valid data shape).
-    
+
     So this will help us avoiding confusion while using both.
 
 ### Create initial Pydantic *models* / schemas
@@ -364,7 +364,7 @@ Create utility functions to:
 
 * Read a single user by ID and by email.
 * Read multiple users.
-* Read a single item.
+* Read multiple items.
 
 ```Python hl_lines="1  3  6-7  10-11  14-15  27-28"
 {!../../../docs_src/sql_databases/sql_app/crud.py!}
@@ -470,7 +470,7 @@ Our dependency will create a new SQLAlchemy `SessionLocal` that will be used in
     We put the creation of the `SessionLocal()` and handling of the requests in a `try` block.
 
     And then we close it in the `finally` block.
-    
+
     This way we make sure the database session is always closed after the request. Even if there was an exception while processing the request.
 
     But you can't raise another exception from the exit code (after `yield`). See more in [Dependencies with `yield` and `HTTPException`](./dependencies/dependencies-with-yield.md#dependencies-with-yield-and-httpexception){.internal-link target=_blank}
@@ -553,7 +553,7 @@ And as the code related to SQLAlchemy and the SQLAlchemy models lives in separat
 
 The same way, you would be able to use the same SQLAlchemy models and utilities in other parts of your code that are not related to **FastAPI**.
 
-For example, in a background task worker with <a href="http://www.celeryproject.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Celery</a>, <a href="https://python-rq.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">RQ</a>, or <a href="https://arq-docs.helpmanual.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">ARQ</a>.
+For example, in a background task worker with <a href="https://docs.celeryproject.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">Celery</a>, <a href="https://python-rq.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">RQ</a>, or <a href="https://arq-docs.helpmanual.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">ARQ</a>.
 
 ## Review all the files
 
@@ -648,7 +648,7 @@ The middleware we'll add (just a function) will create a new SQLAlchemy `Session
     We put the creation of the `SessionLocal()` and handling of the requests in a `try` block.
 
     And then we close it in the `finally` block.
-    
+
     This way we make sure the database session is always closed after the request. Even if there was an exception while processing the request.
 
 ### About `request.state`

docs/en/docs/tutorial/testing.md

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 Thanks to <a href="https://www.starlette.io/testclient/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette</a>, testing **FastAPI** applications is easy and enjoyable.
 
-It is based on <a href="http://docs.python-requests.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">Requests</a>, so it's very familiar and intuitive.
+It is based on <a href="https://requests.readthedocs.io" class="external-link" target="_blank">Requests</a>, so it's very familiar and intuitive.
 
 With it, you can use <a href="https://docs.pytest.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">pytest</a> directly with **FastAPI**.
 
@@ -97,12 +97,12 @@ E.g.:
 * To pass *headers*, use a `dict` in the `headers` parameter.
 * For *cookies*, a `dict` in the `cookies` parameter.
 
-For more information about how to pass data to the backend (using `requests` or the `TestClient`) check the <a href="http://docs.python-requests.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">Requests documentation</a>.
+For more information about how to pass data to the backend (using `requests` or the `TestClient`) check the <a href="https://requests.readthedocs.io" class="external-link" target="_blank">Requests documentation</a>.
 
 !!! info
     Note that the `TestClient` receives data that can be converted to JSON, not Pydantic models.
 
-    If you have a Pydantic model in your test and you want to send its data to the application during testing, you can use the `jsonable_encoder` descibed in [JSON Compatible Encoder](encoder.md){.internal-link target=_blank}.
+    If you have a Pydantic model in your test and you want to send its data to the application during testing, you can use the `jsonable_encoder` described in [JSON Compatible Encoder](encoder.md){.internal-link target=_blank}.
 
 ## Run it
 

docs/en/mkdocs.yml

@@ -3,10 +3,23 @@ site_description: FastAPI framework, high performance, easy to learn, fast to co
 site_url: https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/
 theme:
   name: material
+  custom_dir: overrides
   palette:
-    scheme: preference
+  - scheme: default
     primary: teal
     accent: amber
+    toggle:
+      icon: material/lightbulb-outline
+      name: Switch to light mode
+  - scheme: slate
+    primary: teal
+    accent: amber
+    toggle:
+      icon: material/lightbulb
+      name: Switch to dark mode
+  features:
+  - search.suggest
+  - search.highlight
   icon:
     repo: fontawesome/brands/github-alt
   logo: img/icon-white.svg
@@ -28,14 +41,18 @@ nav:
   - en: /
   - es: /es/
   - fr: /fr/
-  - ja: /ja/
   - it: /it/
+  - ja: /ja/
+  - ko: /ko/
+  - pl: /pl/
   - pt: /pt/
   - ru: /ru/
+  - sq: /sq/
   - tr: /tr/
   - uk: /uk/
   - zh: /zh/
 - features.md
+- fastapi-people.md
 - python-types.md
 - Tutorial - User Guide:
   - tutorial/index.md
@@ -67,6 +84,7 @@ nav:
     - tutorial/dependencies/classes-as-dependencies.md
     - tutorial/dependencies/sub-dependencies.md
     - tutorial/dependencies/dependencies-in-path-operation-decorators.md
+    - tutorial/dependencies/global-dependencies.md
     - tutorial/dependencies/dependencies-with-yield.md
   - Security:
     - tutorial/security/index.md
@@ -121,7 +139,13 @@ nav:
   - advanced/openapi-callbacks.md
   - advanced/wsgi.md
 - async.md
-- deployment.md
+- Deployment:
+  - deployment/index.md
+  - deployment/versions.md
+  - deployment/https.md
+  - deployment/deta.md
+  - deployment/docker.md
+  - deployment/manually.md
 - project-generation.md
 - alternatives.md
 - history-design-future.md
@@ -149,7 +173,9 @@ markdown_extensions:
 extra:
   social:
   - icon: fontawesome/brands/github-alt
-    link: https://github.com/tiangolo/typer
+    link: https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi
+  - icon: fontawesome/brands/discord
+    link: https://discord.gg/VQjSZaeJmf
   - icon: fontawesome/brands/twitter
     link: https://twitter.com/tiangolo
   - icon: fontawesome/brands/linkedin
@@ -160,6 +186,33 @@ extra:
     link: https://medium.com/@tiangolo
   - icon: fontawesome/solid/globe
     link: https://tiangolo.com
+  alternate:
+  - link: /
+    name: en - English
+  - link: /es/
+    name: es - español
+  - link: /fr/
+    name: fr - français
+  - link: /it/
+    name: it - italiano
+  - link: /ja/
+    name: ja - 日本語
+  - link: /ko/
+    name: ko - 한국어
+  - link: /pl/
+    name: pl
+  - link: /pt/
+    name: pt - português
+  - link: /ru/
+    name: ru - русский язык
+  - link: /sq/
+    name: sq - shqip
+  - link: /tr/
+    name: tr - Türkçe
+  - link: /uk/
+    name: uk - українська мова
+  - link: /zh/
+    name: zh - 汉语
 extra_css:
 - css/termynal.css
 - css/custom.css
@@ -167,5 +220,3 @@ extra_javascript:
 - https://unpkg.com/mermaid@8.4.6/dist/mermaid.min.js
 - js/termynal.js
 - js/custom.js
-- js/chat.js
-- https://sidecar.gitter.im/dist/sidecar.v1.js

docs/en/overrides/main.html

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+{% extends "base.html" %}
+
+{% block announce %}
+<div class="announce-wrapper">
+  <div id="announce-left">
+    <div class="item">
+      <a class="announce-link" href="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/newsletter/">
+        <span class="twemoji">
+          {% include ".icons/material/email.svg" %}
+        </span> Subscribe to the <strong>FastAPI and friends</strong> newsletter 🎉
+      </a>
+    </div>
+    <div class="item">
+      <iframe style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; border: none; margin-right: 0.5rem;" src="https://github.com/sponsors/tiangolo/button" title="Sponsor tiangolo" height="35" width="116" style="border: 0;"></iframe> <a class="announce-link" target="_blank" href="https://github.com/sponsors/tiangolo">You can now sponsor <strong>FastAPI</strong> 🍰</a>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+  <div id="announce-right" style="position: relative;">
+    <div class="item">
+      <a title="The launchpad for all your (team's) ideas" style="display: block; position: relative;" href="https://www.deta.sh/?ref=fastapi" target="_blank">
+        <span class="sponsor-badge">sponsor</span>
+        <img class="sponsor-image" src="/img/sponsors/deta-banner.svg" />
+      </a>
+    </div>
+    <div class="item">
+      <a title="Get three courses at 10% off their current prices! Plus, we'll be donating 10% of all profits from sales of this bundle to the FastAPI team." style="display: block; position: relative;" href="https://testdriven.io/talkpython/" target="_blank">
+        <span class="sponsor-badge">sponsor</span>
+        <img class="sponsor-image" src="/img/sponsors/fastapi-course-bundle-banner.svg" />
+      </a>
+    </div>
+    <div class="item">
+      <a title="Jina: build neural search-as-a-service for any kind of data in just minutes." style="display: block; position: relative;" href="https://bit.ly/2QSouzH" target="_blank">
+        <span class="sponsor-badge">sponsor</span>
+        <img class="sponsor-image" src="/img/sponsors/jina-banner.svg" />
+      </a>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+{% endblock %}

docs/es/docs/async.md

@@ -261,7 +261,7 @@ Pero también puedes aprovechar los beneficios del paralelismo y el multiprocesa
 
 Eso, más el simple hecho de que Python es el lenguaje principal para **Data Science**, Machine Learning y especialmente Deep Learning, hacen de FastAPI una muy buena combinación para las API y aplicaciones web de Data Science / Machine Learning (entre muchas otras).
 
-Para ver cómo lograr este paralelismo en producción, consulta la sección sobre [Despliegue](deployment.md){.internal-link target=_blank}.
+Para ver cómo lograr este paralelismo en producción, consulta la sección sobre [Despliegue](deployment/index.md){.internal-link target=_blank}.
 
 ## `async` y `await`
 
@@ -334,7 +334,7 @@ Esta misma sintaxis (o casi idéntica) también se incluyó recientemente en las
 
 Pero antes de eso, manejar código asíncrono era bastante más complejo y difícil.
 
-En versiones anteriores de Python, podrías haber utilizado <abbr title="En español: hilos.">threads</abbr> o <a href="http://www.gevent.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Gevent</a>. Pero el código es mucho más complejo de entender, depurar y desarrollar.
+En versiones anteriores de Python, podrías haber utilizado <abbr title="En español: hilos.">threads</abbr> o <a href="https://www.gevent.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Gevent</a>. Pero el código es mucho más complejo de entender, depurar y desarrollar.
 
 En versiones anteriores de NodeJS / Browser JavaScript, habrías utilizado "callbacks". Lo que conduce a <a href="http://callbackhell.com/" class="external-link" target="_blank">callback hell</a>.
 

docs/es/docs/features.md

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 ### Basado en estándares abiertos
 
 * <a href="https://github.com/OAI/OpenAPI-Specification" class="external-link" target="_blank"><strong>OpenAPI</strong></a> para la creación de APIs, incluyendo declaraciones de  <abbr title="en español: ruta. En inglés también conocido cómo: endpoints, routes">path</abbr> <abbr title="también conocido como HTTP methods, cómo POST, GET, PUT, DELETE">operations</abbr>, parámetros, <abbr title="cuerpo del mensaje HTTP">body</abbr> requests, seguridad, etc.
-* Documentación automática del modelo de datos con <a href="http://json-schema.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank"><strong>JSON Schema</strong></a> (dado que OpenAPI mismo está basado en JSON Schema).
+* Documentación automática del modelo de datos con <a href="https://json-schema.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank"><strong>JSON Schema</strong></a> (dado que OpenAPI mismo está basado en JSON Schema).
 * Diseñado alrededor de estos estándares después de un estudio meticuloso. En vez de ser una capa añadida a último momento.
 * Esto también permite la **generación automática de código de cliente** para muchos lenguajes.
 

docs/es/docs/index.md

@@ -14,9 +14,6 @@
 <a href="https://pypi.org/project/fastapi" target="_blank">
     <img src="https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/fastapi?color=%2334D058&label=pypi%20package" alt="Package version">
 </a>
-<a href="https://gitter.im/tiangolo/fastapi?utm_source=badge&utm_medium=badge&utm_campaign=pr-badge&utm_content=badge" target="_blank">
-    <img src="https://badges.gitter.im/tiangolo/fastapi.svg" alt="Join the chat at https://gitter.im/tiangolo/fastapi">
-</a>
 </p>
 
 ---
@@ -38,10 +35,24 @@ Sus características principales son:
 * **Fácil**: Está diseñado para ser fácil de usar y aprender. Gastando menos tiempo leyendo documentación.
 * **Corto**: Minimiza la duplicación de código. Múltiples funcionalidades con cada declaración de parámetros. Menos errores.
 * **Robusto**: Crea código listo para producción con documentación automática interactiva.
-* **Basado en estándares**: Basado y totalmente compatible con los estándares abiertos para APIs: <a href="https://github.com/OAI/OpenAPI-Specification" class="external-link" target="_blank">OpenAPI</a> (conocido previamente como Swagger) y <a href="http://json-schema.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">JSON Schema</a>.
+* **Basado en estándares**: Basado y totalmente compatible con los estándares abiertos para APIs: <a href="https://github.com/OAI/OpenAPI-Specification" class="external-link" target="_blank">OpenAPI</a> (conocido previamente como Swagger) y <a href="https://json-schema.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">JSON Schema</a>.
 
 <small>* Esta estimación está basada en pruebas con un equipo de desarrollo interno contruyendo aplicaciones listas para producción.</small>
 
+## Gold Sponsors
+
+<!-- sponsors -->
+
+{% if sponsors %}
+{% for sponsor in sponsors.gold -%}
+<a href="{{ sponsor.url }}" target="_blank" title="{{ sponsor.title }}"><img src="{{ sponsor.img }}"></a>
+{% endfor %}
+{% endif %}
+
+<!-- /sponsors -->
+
+<a href="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/fastapi-people/#sponsors" class="external-link" target="_blank">Otros sponsors</a>
+
 ## Opiniones
 
 "_[...] I'm using **FastAPI** a ton these days. [...] I'm actually planning to use it for all of my team's **ML services at Microsoft**. Some of them are getting integrated into the core **Windows** product and some **Office** products._"
@@ -70,7 +81,7 @@ Sus características principales son:
 
 "_Honestly, what you've built looks super solid and polished. In many ways, it's what I wanted **Hug** to be - it's really inspiring to see someone build that._"
 
-<div style="text-align: right; margin-right: 10%;">Timothy Crosley - <strong><a href="http://www.hug.rest/" target="_blank">Hug</a> creator</strong> <a href="https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=19455465" target="_blank"><small>(ref)</small></a></div>
+<div style="text-align: right; margin-right: 10%;">Timothy Crosley - <strong><a href="https://www.hug.rest/" target="_blank">Hug</a> creator</strong> <a href="https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=19455465" target="_blank"><small>(ref)</small></a></div>
 
 ---
 
@@ -111,12 +122,12 @@ $ pip install fastapi
 
 </div>
 
-También vas a necesitar un servidor ASGI para producción cómo <a href="http://www.uvicorn.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a> o <a href="https://gitlab.com/pgjones/hypercorn" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hypercorn</a>.
+También vas a necesitar un servidor ASGI para producción cómo <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a> o <a href="https://gitlab.com/pgjones/hypercorn" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hypercorn</a>.
 
 <div class="termy">
 
 ```console
-$ pip install uvicorn
+$ pip install uvicorn[standard]
 
 ---> 100%
 ```
@@ -424,9 +435,9 @@ Usadas por Pydantic:
 
 Usados por Starlette:
 
-* <a href="http://docs.python-requests.org" target="_blank"><code>requests</code></a> - Requerido si quieres usar el `TestClient`.
+* <a href="https://requests.readthedocs.io" target="_blank"><code>requests</code></a> - Requerido si quieres usar el `TestClient`.
 * <a href="https://github.com/Tinche/aiofiles" target="_blank"><code>aiofiles</code></a> - Requerido si quieres usar `FileResponse` o `StaticFiles`.
-* <a href="http://jinja.pocoo.org" target="_blank"><code>jinja2</code></a> - Requerido si quieres usar la configuración por defecto de templates.
+* <a href="https://jinja.palletsprojects.com" target="_blank"><code>jinja2</code></a> - Requerido si quieres usar la configuración por defecto de templates.
 * <a href="https://andrew-d.github.io/python-multipart/" target="_blank"><code>python-multipart</code></a> - Requerido si quieres dar soporte a  <abbr title="convertir el string que viene de un HTTP request a datos de Python">"parsing"</abbr> de formularios, con `request.form()`.
 * <a href="https://pythonhosted.org/itsdangerous/" target="_blank"><code>itsdangerous</code></a> - Requerido para dar soporte a `SessionMiddleware`.
 * <a href="https://pyyaml.org/wiki/PyYAMLDocumentation" target="_blank"><code>pyyaml</code></a> - Requerido para dar soporte al `SchemaGenerator` de Starlette (probablemente no lo necesites con FastAPI).
@@ -435,7 +446,7 @@ Usados por Starlette:
 
 Usado por FastAPI / Starlette:
 
-* <a href="http://www.uvicorn.org" target="_blank"><code>uvicorn</code></a> - para el servidor que carga y sirve tu aplicación.
+* <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org" target="_blank"><code>uvicorn</code></a> - para el servidor que carga y sirve tu aplicación.
 * <a href="https://github.com/ijl/orjson" target="_blank"><code>orjson</code></a> - Requerido si quieres usar `ORJSONResponse`.
 
 Puedes instalarlos con `pip install fastapi[all]`.

docs/es/docs/tutorial/index.md

@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ $ pip install fastapi[all]
     También debes instalar `uvicorn` para que funcione como tu servidor:
 
     ```
-    pip install uvicorn
+    pip install uvicorn[standard]
     ```
 
     Y lo mismo para cada una de las dependencias opcionales que quieras utilizar.
@@ -75,6 +75,6 @@ También hay una **Guía Avanzada de Usuario** que puedes leer luego de este **T
 
 La **Guía Avanzada de Usuario**, se basa en este tutorial, utiliza los mismos conceptos y enseña algunas características adicionales.
 
-Pero primero deberías leer el **Tutorial - Guía de Gsuario** (lo que estas leyendo ahora mismo).
+Pero primero deberías leer el **Tutorial - Guía de Usuario** (lo que estas leyendo ahora mismo).
 
 La guía esa diseñada para que puedas crear una aplicación completa con solo el **Tutorial - Guía de Usuario**, y luego extenderlo de diferentes maneras, según tus necesidades, utilizando algunas de las ideas adicionales de la **Guía Avanzada de Usuario**.

docs/es/mkdocs.yml

@@ -3,10 +3,23 @@ site_description: FastAPI framework, high performance, easy to learn, fast to co
 site_url: https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/es/
 theme:
   name: material
+  custom_dir: overrides
   palette:
-    scheme: preference
+  - scheme: default
     primary: teal
     accent: amber
+    toggle:
+      icon: material/lightbulb-outline
+      name: Switch to light mode
+  - scheme: slate
+    primary: teal
+    accent: amber
+    toggle:
+      icon: material/lightbulb
+      name: Switch to dark mode
+  features:
+  - search.suggest
+  - search.highlight
   icon:
     repo: fontawesome/brands/github-alt
   logo: https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/icon-white.svg
@@ -28,10 +41,13 @@ nav:
   - en: /
   - es: /es/
   - fr: /fr/
-  - ja: /ja/
   - it: /it/
+  - ja: /ja/
+  - ko: /ko/
+  - pl: /pl/
   - pt: /pt/
   - ru: /ru/
+  - sq: /sq/
   - tr: /tr/
   - uk: /uk/
   - zh: /zh/
@@ -61,7 +77,9 @@ markdown_extensions:
 extra:
   social:
   - icon: fontawesome/brands/github-alt
-    link: https://github.com/tiangolo/typer
+    link: https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi
+  - icon: fontawesome/brands/discord
+    link: https://discord.gg/VQjSZaeJmf
   - icon: fontawesome/brands/twitter
     link: https://twitter.com/tiangolo
   - icon: fontawesome/brands/linkedin
@@ -72,6 +90,33 @@ extra:
     link: https://medium.com/@tiangolo
   - icon: fontawesome/solid/globe
     link: https://tiangolo.com
+  alternate:
+  - link: /
+    name: en - English
+  - link: /es/
+    name: es - español
+  - link: /fr/
+    name: fr - français
+  - link: /it/
+    name: it - italiano
+  - link: /ja/
+    name: ja - 日本語
+  - link: /ko/
+    name: ko - 한국어
+  - link: /pl/
+    name: pl
+  - link: /pt/
+    name: pt - português
+  - link: /ru/
+    name: ru - русский язык
+  - link: /sq/
+    name: sq - shqip
+  - link: /tr/
+    name: tr - Türkçe
+  - link: /uk/
+    name: uk - українська мова
+  - link: /zh/
+    name: zh - 汉语
 extra_css:
 - https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/css/termynal.css
 - https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/css/custom.css
@@ -79,5 +124,3 @@ extra_javascript:
 - https://unpkg.com/mermaid@8.4.6/dist/mermaid.min.js
 - https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/js/termynal.js
 - https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/js/custom.js
-- https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/js/chat.js
-- https://sidecar.gitter.im/dist/sidecar.v1.js

docs/fr/docs/fastapi-people.md

@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+# La communauté FastAPI
+
+FastAPI a une communauté extraordinaire qui accueille des personnes de tous horizons.
+
+## Créateur - Mainteneur
+
+Salut! 👋
+
+C'est moi :
+
+{% if people %}
+<div class="user-list user-list-center">
+{% for user in people.maintainers %}
+
+<div class="user"><a href="{{ user.url }}" target="_blank"><div class="avatar-wrapper"><img src="{{ user.avatarUrl }}"/></div><div class="title">@{{ user.login }}</div></a> <div class="count">Réponses: {{ user.answers }}</div><div class="count">Pull Requests: {{ user.prs }}</div></div>
+{% endfor %}
+
+</div>
+{% endif %}
+
+Je suis le créateur et le responsable de **FastAPI**. Vous pouvez en lire plus à ce sujet dans [Aide FastAPI - Obtenir de l'aide - Se rapprocher de l'auteur](help-fastapi.md#connect-with-the-author){.internal-link target=_blank}.
+
+...Mais ici, je veux vous montrer la communauté.
+
+---
+
+**FastAPI** reçoit beaucoup de soutien de la part de la communauté. Et je tiens à souligner leurs contributions.
+
+Ce sont ces personnes qui :
+
+* [Aident les autres à résoudre des problèmes (questions) dans GitHub](help-fastapi.md#help-others-with-issues-in-github){.internal-link target=_blank}.
+* [Créent des Pull Requests](help-fastapi.md#create-a-pull-request){.internal-link target=_blank}.
+* Review les Pull Requests, [particulièrement important pour les traductions](contributing.md#translations){.internal-link target=_blank}.
+
+Une salve d'applaudissements pour eux. 👏 🙇
+
+## Utilisateurs les plus actifs le mois dernier
+
+Ce sont les utilisateurs qui ont [aidé le plus les autres avec des problèmes (questions) dans GitHub](help-fastapi.md#help-others-with-issues-in-github){.internal-link target=_blank} au cours du dernier mois. ☕
+
+{% if people %}
+<div class="user-list user-list-center">
+{% for user in people.last_month_active %}
+
+<div class="user"><a href="{{ user.url }}" target="_blank"><div class="avatar-wrapper"><img src="{{ user.avatarUrl }}"/></div><div class="title">@{{ user.login }}</div></a> <div class="count">Questions répondues: {{ user.count }}</div></div>
+{% endfor %}
+
+</div>
+{% endif %}
+
+## Experts
+
+Voici les **Experts FastAPI**. 🤓
+
+Ce sont les utilisateurs qui ont [aidé le plus les autres avec des problèmes (questions) dans GitHub](help-fastapi.md#help-others-with-issues-in-github){.internal-link target=_blank} depuis *toujours*.
+
+Ils ont prouvé qu'ils étaient des experts en aidant beaucoup d'autres personnes. ✨
+
+{% if people %}
+<div class="user-list user-list-center">
+{% for user in people.experts %}
+
+<div class="user"><a href="{{ user.url }}" target="_blank"><div class="avatar-wrapper"><img src="{{ user.avatarUrl }}"/></div><div class="title">@{{ user.login }}</div></a> <div class="count">Questions répondues: {{ user.count }}</div></div>
+{% endfor %}
+
+</div>
+{% endif %}
+
+## Principaux contributeurs
+
+Ces utilisateurs sont les **Principaux contributeurs**. 👷
+
+Ces utilisateurs ont [créé le plus grand nombre de demandes Pull Request](help-fastapi.md#create-a-pull-request){.internal-link target=_blank} qui ont été *merged*.
+
+Ils ont contribué au code source, à la documentation, aux traductions, etc. 📦
+
+{% if people %}
+<div class="user-list user-list-center">
+{% for user in people.top_contributors %}
+
+<div class="user"><a href="{{ user.url }}" target="_blank"><div class="avatar-wrapper"><img src="{{ user.avatarUrl }}"/></div><div class="title">@{{ user.login }}</div></a> <div class="count">Pull Requests: {{ user.count }}</div></div>
+{% endfor %}
+
+</div>
+{% endif %}
+
+Il existe de nombreux autres contributeurs (plus d'une centaine), vous pouvez les voir tous dans la <a href="https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/graphs/contributors" class="external-link" target="_blank">Page des contributeurs de FastAPI GitHub</a>. 👷
+
+## Principaux Reviewers
+
+Ces utilisateurs sont les **Principaux Reviewers**. 🕵️
+
+### Reviewers des traductions
+
+Je ne parle que quelques langues (et pas très bien 😅). Ainsi, les reviewers sont ceux qui ont le [**pouvoir d'approuver les traductions**](contributing.md#translations){.internal-link target=_blank} de la documentation. Sans eux, il n'y aurait pas de documentation dans plusieurs autres langues.
+
+---
+
+Les **Principaux Reviewers** 🕵️ ont examiné le plus grand nombre de demandes Pull Request des autres, assurant la qualité du code, de la documentation, et surtout, des **traductions**.
+
+{% if people %}
+<div class="user-list user-list-center">
+{% for user in people.top_reviewers %}
+
+<div class="user"><a href="{{ user.url }}" target="_blank"><div class="avatar-wrapper"><img src="{{ user.avatarUrl }}"/></div><div class="title">@{{ user.login }}</div></a> <div class="count">Reviews: {{ user.count }}</div></div>
+{% endfor %}
+
+</div>
+{% endif %}
+
+## Sponsors
+
+Ce sont les **Sponsors**. 😎
+
+Ils soutiennent mon travail avec **FastAPI** (et d'autres) avec <a href="https://github.com/sponsors/tiangolo" class="external-link" target="_blank">GitHub Sponsors</a>.
+
+{% if people %}
+<div class="user-list user-list-center">
+{% for user in people.sponsors %}
+
+<div class="user"><a href="{{ user.url }}" target="_blank"><div class="avatar-wrapper"><img src="{{ user.avatarUrl }}"/></div><div class="title">@{{ user.login }}</div></a></div>
+{% endfor %}
+
+</div>
+{% endif %}
+
+## À propos des données - détails techniques
+
+L'intention de cette page est de souligner l'effort de la communauté pour aider les autres.
+
+Notamment en incluant des efforts qui sont normalement moins visibles, et, dans de nombreux cas, plus difficile, comme aider d'autres personnes à résoudre des problèmes et examiner les Pull Requests de traduction.
+
+Les données sont calculées chaque mois, vous pouvez lire le <a href="https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/blob/master/.github/actions/people/app/main.py" class="external-link" target="_blank">code source ici</a>.
+
+Je me réserve également le droit de mettre à jour l'algorithme, les sections, les seuils, etc. (juste au cas où 🤷).

docs/fr/docs/features.md

@@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
+# Fonctionnalités
+
+## Fonctionnalités de FastAPI
+
+**FastAPI** vous offre ceci:
+
+### Basé sur des standards ouverts
+
+* <a href="https://github.com/OAI/OpenAPI-Specification" class="external-link" target="_blank"><strong>OpenAPI</strong></a> pour la création d'API, incluant la déclaration de <abbr title="en français: routes. Aussi connu sous le nom anglais endpoints ou routes">path</abbr> <abbr title="Aussi connu sous le nom de méthodes HTTP. À savoir POST, GET, PUT, DELETE">operations</abbr>, paramètres, corps de requêtes, sécurité, etc.
+* Documentation automatique des modèles de données avec <a href="http://json-schema.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank"><strong>JSON Schema</strong></a> (comme OpenAPI est aussi basée sur JSON Schema).
+* Conçue avec ces standards après une analyse méticuleuse. Plutôt qu'en rajoutant des surcouches après coup.
+* Cela permet d'utiliser de la **génération automatique de code client** dans beaucoup de langages.
+
+### Documentation automatique
+
+Documentation d'API interactive et interface web d'exploration. Comme le framework est basé sur OpenAPI, de nombreuses options sont disponibles. Deux d'entre-elles sont incluses par défaut.
+
+* <a href="https://github.com/swagger-api/swagger-ui" class="external-link" target="_blank"><strong>Swagger UI</strong></a>, propose une documentation interactive. Vous permet de directement tester l'API depuis votre navigateur.
+
+![Swagger UI interaction](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/index/index-03-swagger-02.png)
+
+* Une autre documentation d'API est fournie par <a href="https://github.com/Rebilly/ReDoc" class="external-link" target="_blank"><strong>ReDoc</strong></a>.
+
+![ReDoc](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/index/index-06-redoc-02.png)
+
+### Faite en python moderne
+
+Tout est basé sur la déclaration de type standard de **Python 3.6** (grâce à Pydantic). Pas de nouvelles syntaxes à apprendre. Juste du Python standard et moderne.
+
+Si vous souhaitez un rappel de 2 minutes sur l'utilisation des types en Python (même si vous ne comptez pas utiliser FastAPI), jetez un oeil au tutoriel suivant: [Python Types](python-types.md){.internal-link target=_blank}. 
+
+Vous écrivez du python standard avec des annotations de types:
+
+```Python
+from typing import List, Dict
+from datetime import date
+
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+
+# Déclare une variable comme étant une str
+# et profitez de l'aide de votre IDE dans cette fonction
+def main(user_id: str):
+    return user_id
+
+
+# Un modèle Pydantic
+class User(BaseModel):
+    id: int
+    name: str
+    joined: date
+```
+Qui peuvent ensuite être utilisés comme cela:
+
+```Python
+my_user: User = User(id=3, name="John Doe", joined="2018-07-19")
+
+second_user_data = {
+    "id": 4,
+    "name": "Mary",
+    "joined": "2018-11-30",
+}
+
+my_second_user: User = User(**second_user_data)
+```
+
+!!! info
+    `**second_user_data` signifie:
+
+    Utilise les clés et valeurs du dictionnaire `second_user_data` directement comme des arguments clé-valeur. C'est équivalent à: `User(id=4, name="Mary", joined="2018-11-30")`
+
+### Support d'éditeurs
+
+Tout le framework a été conçu pour être facile et intuitif d'utilisation, toutes les décisions de design ont été testées sur de nombreux éditeurs avant même de commencer le développement final afin d'assurer la meilleure expérience de développement possible.
+
+Dans le dernier sondage effectué auprès de développeurs python il était clair que <a href="https://www.jetbrains.com/research/python-developers-survey-2017/#tools-and-features" class="external-link" target="_blank">la fonctionnalité la plus utilisée est "l'autocomplètion"</a>.
+
+Tout le framwork **FastAPI** a été conçu avec cela en tête. L'autocomplétion fonctionne partout.
+
+Vous devrez rarement revenir à la documentation.
+
+Voici comment votre éditeur peut vous aider:
+
+* dans <a href="https://code.visualstudio.com/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Visual Studio Code</a>:
+
+![editor support](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/vscode-completion.png)
+
+* dans <a href="https://www.jetbrains.com/pycharm/" class="external-link" target="_blank">PyCharm</a>:
+
+![editor support](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/pycharm-completion.png)
+
+Vous aurez des propositions de complétion que vous n'auriez jamais imaginées. Par exemple la clé `prix` dans le corps d'un document JSON (qui est peut-être imbriqué) venant d'une requête.
+
+Plus jamais vous ne vous tromperez en tapant le nom d'une clé, vous ne ferez des aller-retour entre votre code et la documentation ou vous ne scrollerez de haut en bas afin d'enfin savoir si vous devez taper `username` ou `user_name`.
+
+### Court
+
+Des **valeurs par défaut** sont définies pour tout, des configurations optionnelles sont présentent partout. Tous ces paramètres peuvent être ajustés afin de faire ce que vous voulez et définir l'API dont vous avez besoin.
+
+Mais, **tout fonctionne** par défaut.
+
+### Validation
+
+* Validation pour la plupart (ou tous?) les **types de données** Python incluant:
+    * objets JSON (`dict`).
+    * listes JSON (`list`) définissant des types d'éléments.
+    * Champs String (`str`), définition de longueur minimum ou maximale.
+    * Nombres (`int`, `float`) avec valeur minimale and maximale, etc.
+
+* Validation pour des types plus exotiques, tel que:
+    * URL.
+    * Email.
+    * UUID.
+    * ...et autres.
+
+Toutes les validations sont gérées par le bien établi et robuste **Pydantic**.
+
+### Sécurité et authentification
+
+La sécurité et l'authentification sont intégrées. Sans aucun compromis avec les bases de données ou les modèles de données.
+
+Tous les protocoles de sécurités sont définis dans OpenAPI, incluant:
+
+* HTTP Basic.
+* **OAuth2** (aussi avec **JWT tokens**). Jetez un oeil au tutoriel [OAuth2 avec JWT](tutorial/security/oauth2-jwt.md){.internal-link target=_blank}.
+* Clés d'API dans:
+    * Le header.
+    * Les paramètres de requêtes.
+    * Les cookies, etc.
+
+Plus toutes les fonctionnalités de sécurités venant de Starlette (incluant les **cookies de sessions**).
+
+Le tout conçu en composant réutilisable facilement intégrable à vos systèmes, data stores, base de données relationnelle ou NoSQL, etc.
+
+### Injection de dépendances
+
+FastAPI contient un système simple mais extrêmement puissant d'<abbr title='aussi connus sous le nom de "composants", "ressources", "services", "providers"'><strong>Injection de Dépendances</strong></abbr>.
+
+* Même les dépendances peuvent avoir des dépendances, créant une hiérarchie ou un **"graph" de dépendances**
+* Tout est **automatiquement géré** par le framework
+* Toutes les dépendances peuvent éxiger des données d'une requêtes et **Augmenter les contraintes d'un path operation** et de la documentation automatique.
+* **Validation automatique** même pour les paramètres de *path operation* définis dans les dépendances.
+* Supporte les systèmes d'authentification d'utilisateurs complexes, les **connexions de base de données**, etc.
+* **Aucun compromis** avec les bases de données, les frontends, etc. Mais une intégration facile avec n'importe lequel d'entre eux.
+
+### "Plug-ins" illimités
+
+Ou, en d'autres termes, pas besoin d'eux, importez le code que vous voulez et utilisez le.
+
+Tout intégration est conçue pour être si simple à utiliser (avec des dépendances) que vous pouvez créer un "plug-in" pour votre application en deux lignes de code utilisant la même syntaxe que celle de vos *path operations*
+
+### Testé
+
+* 100% <abbr title="La quantité de code qui est testé automatiquement">de couverture de test</abbr>.
+* 100% <abbr title="Annotation de types Python, avec cela votre éditeur et autres outils externes peuvent vous fournir un meilleur support">d'annotations de type</abbr> dans le code.
+* Utilisé dans des applications mises en production.
+
+## Fonctionnalités de Starlette
+
+**FastAPI** est complètement compatible (et basé sur) <a href="https://www.starlette.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank"><strong>Starlette</strong></a>. Le code utilisant Starlette que vous ajouterez fonctionnera donc aussi.
+
+En fait, `FastAPI` est un sous compposant de `Starlette`. Donc, si vous savez déjà comment utiliser Starlette, la plupart des fonctionnalités fonctionneront de la même manière.
+
+Avec **FastAPI** vous aurez toutes les fonctionnalités de **Starlette** (FastAPI est juste Starlette sous stéroïdes):
+
+* Des performances vraiments impressionnantes. C'est l'<a href="https://github.com/encode/starlette#performance" class="external-link" target="_blank">un des framework Python les plus rapide, à égalité avec **NodeJS** et **GO**</a>.
+* Le support des **WebSockets**.
+* Le support de **GraphQL**.
+* Les <abbr title="En anglais: In-process background tasks">tâches d'arrière-plan.</abbr>
+* Des évènements de démarrages et d'arrêt.
+* Un client de test basé sur `request`
+* **CORS**, GZip, Static Files, Streaming responses.
+* Le support des **Sessions et Cookies**.
+* Une couverture de test à 100 %.
+* 100 % de la base de code avec des annotations de type.
+
+## Fonctionnalités de Pydantic
+
+**FastAPI** est totalement compatible avec (et basé sur) <a href="https://pydantic-docs.helpmanual.io" class="external-link" target="_blank"><strong>Pydantic</strong></a>. Le code utilisant Pydantic que vous ajouterez fonctionnera donc aussi.
+
+Inclus des librairies externes basées, aussi, sur Pydantic, servent d'<abbr title="Object-Relational Mapper">ORM</abbr>s, <abbr title="Object-Document Mapper">ODM</abbr>s pour les bases de données.
+
+Cela signifie aussi que, dans la plupart des cas, vous pouvez fournir l'objet reçu d'une requête **directement à la base de données**, comme tout est validé automatiquement.
+
+Inversément, dans la plupart des cas vous pourrez juste envoyer l'objet récupéré de la base de données **directement au client**
+
+Avec **FastAPI** vous aurez toutes les fonctionnalités de **Pydantic**  (comme FastAPI est basé sur Pydantic pour toutes les manipulations de données):
+
+* **Pas de prise de tête**:
+    * Pas de nouveau langage de définition de schéma à apprendre.
+    * Si vous connaissez le typage en python vous savez comment utiliser Pydantic.
+* Aide votre **<abbr title="Integrated Development Environment, il s'agit de votre éditeur de code">IDE</abbr>/<abbr title="Programme qui analyse le code à la recherche d'erreurs">linter</abbr>/cerveau**:
+    * Parce que les structures de données de pydantic consistent seulement en une instance de classe que vous définissez; l'auto-complétion, le linting, mypy et votre intuition devrait être largement suffisante pour valider vos données.
+* **Rapide**:
+    * Dans les <a href="https://pydantic-docs.helpmanual.io/#benchmarks-tag" class="external-link" target="_blank">benchmarks</a> Pydantic est plus rapide que toutes les autres librairies testées.
+* Valide les **structures complexes**:
+    * Utilise les modèles hiérarchique de Pydantic, le `typage` Python pour les `Lists`, `Dict`, etc.
+    * Et les validateurs permettent aux schémas de données complexes d'être clairement et facilement définis, validés et documentés sous forme d'un schéma JSON.
+    * Vous pouvez avoir des objets **JSON fortements imbriqués** tout en ayant, pour chacun, de la validation et des annotations.
+* **Renouvelable**:
+    * Pydantic permet de définir de nouveaux types de données ou vous pouvez étendre la validation avec des méthodes sur un modèle décoré avec le<abbr title="en anglais: validator decorator"> décorateur de validation</abbr>
+* 100% de couverture de test.

docs/fr/docs/index.md

@@ -18,9 +18,6 @@
 <a href="https://pypi.org/project/fastapi" target="_blank">
     <img src="https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/fastapi?color=%2334D058&label=pypi%20package" alt="Package version">
 </a>
-<a href="https://gitter.im/tiangolo/fastapi?utm_source=badge&utm_medium=badge&utm_campaign=pr-badge&utm_content=badge" target="_blank">
-    <img src="https://badges.gitter.im/tiangolo/fastapi.svg" alt="Join the chat at https://gitter.im/tiangolo/fastapi">
-</a>
 </p>
 
 ---
@@ -43,10 +40,24 @@ The key features are:
 * **Easy**: Designed to be easy to use and learn. Less time reading docs.
 * **Short**: Minimize code duplication. Multiple features from each parameter declaration. Fewer bugs.
 * **Robust**: Get production-ready code. With automatic interactive documentation.
-* **Standards-based**: Based on (and fully compatible with) the open standards for APIs: <a href="https://github.com/OAI/OpenAPI-Specification" class="external-link" target="_blank">OpenAPI</a> (previously known as Swagger) and <a href="http://json-schema.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">JSON Schema</a>.
+* **Standards-based**: Based on (and fully compatible with) the open standards for APIs: <a href="https://github.com/OAI/OpenAPI-Specification" class="external-link" target="_blank">OpenAPI</a> (previously known as Swagger) and <a href="https://json-schema.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">JSON Schema</a>.
 
 <small>* estimation based on tests on an internal development team, building production applications.</small>
 
+## Gold Sponsors
+
+<!-- sponsors -->
+
+{% if sponsors %}
+{% for sponsor in sponsors.gold -%}
+<a href="{{ sponsor.url }}" target="_blank" title="{{ sponsor.title }}"><img src="{{ sponsor.img }}"></a>
+{% endfor %}
+{% endif %}
+
+<!-- /sponsors -->
+
+<a href="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/fastapi-people/#sponsors" class="external-link" target="_blank">Other sponsors</a>
+
 ## Opinions
 
 "_[...] I'm using **FastAPI** a ton these days. [...] I'm actually planning to use it for all of my team's **ML services at Microsoft**. Some of them are getting integrated into the core **Windows** product and some **Office** products._"
@@ -75,7 +86,7 @@ The key features are:
 
 "_Honestly, what you've built looks super solid and polished. In many ways, it's what I wanted **Hug** to be - it's really inspiring to see someone build that._"
 
-<div style="text-align: right; margin-right: 10%;">Timothy Crosley - <strong><a href="http://www.hug.rest/" target="_blank">Hug</a> creator</strong> <a href="https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=19455465" target="_blank"><small>(ref)</small></a></div>
+<div style="text-align: right; margin-right: 10%;">Timothy Crosley - <strong><a href="https://www.hug.rest/" target="_blank">Hug</a> creator</strong> <a href="https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=19455465" target="_blank"><small>(ref)</small></a></div>
 
 ---
 
@@ -116,12 +127,12 @@ $ pip install fastapi
 
 </div>
 
-You will also need an ASGI server, for production such as <a href="http://www.uvicorn.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a> or <a href="https://gitlab.com/pgjones/hypercorn" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hypercorn</a>.
+You will also need an ASGI server, for production such as <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a> or <a href="https://gitlab.com/pgjones/hypercorn" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hypercorn</a>.
 
 <div class="termy">
 
 ```console
-$ pip install uvicorn
+$ pip install uvicorn[standard]
 
 ---> 100%
 ```
@@ -432,9 +443,9 @@ Used by Pydantic:
 
 Used by Starlette:
 
-* <a href="http://docs.python-requests.org" target="_blank"><code>requests</code></a> - Required if you want to use the `TestClient`.
+* <a href="https://requests.readthedocs.io" target="_blank"><code>requests</code></a> - Required if you want to use the `TestClient`.
 * <a href="https://github.com/Tinche/aiofiles" target="_blank"><code>aiofiles</code></a> - Required if you want to use `FileResponse` or `StaticFiles`.
-* <a href="http://jinja.pocoo.org" target="_blank"><code>jinja2</code></a> - Required if you want to use the default template configuration.
+* <a href="https://jinja.palletsprojects.com" target="_blank"><code>jinja2</code></a> - Required if you want to use the default template configuration.
 * <a href="https://andrew-d.github.io/python-multipart/" target="_blank"><code>python-multipart</code></a> - Required if you want to support form <abbr title="converting the string that comes from an HTTP request into Python data">"parsing"</abbr>, with `request.form()`.
 * <a href="https://pythonhosted.org/itsdangerous/" target="_blank"><code>itsdangerous</code></a> - Required for `SessionMiddleware` support.
 * <a href="https://pyyaml.org/wiki/PyYAMLDocumentation" target="_blank"><code>pyyaml</code></a> - Required for Starlette's `SchemaGenerator` support (you probably don't need it with FastAPI).
@@ -443,7 +454,7 @@ Used by Starlette:
 
 Used by FastAPI / Starlette:
 
-* <a href="http://www.uvicorn.org" target="_blank"><code>uvicorn</code></a> - for the server that loads and serves your application.
+* <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org" target="_blank"><code>uvicorn</code></a> - for the server that loads and serves your application.
 * <a href="https://github.com/ijl/orjson" target="_blank"><code>orjson</code></a> - Required if you want to use `ORJSONResponse`.
 
 You can install all of these with `pip install fastapi[all]`.

docs/fr/docs/tutorial/background-tasks.md

@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+# Tâches d'arrière-plan
+
+Vous pouvez définir des tâches d'arrière-plan qui seront exécutées après avoir retourné une réponse.
+
+Ceci est utile pour les opérations qui doivent avoir lieu après une requête, mais où le client n'a pas réellement besoin d'attendre que l'opération soit terminée pour recevoir une réponse.
+
+Cela comprend, par exemple :
+
+* Les notifications par email envoyées après l'exécution d'une action :
+    * Étant donné que se connecter à un serveur et envoyer un email a tendance à être «lent» (plusieurs secondes), vous pouvez retourner la réponse directement et envoyer la notification en arrière-plan.
+* Traiter des données :
+    * Par exemple, si vous recevez un fichier qui doit passer par un traitement lent, vous pouvez retourner une réponse «Accepted» (HTTP 202) puis faire le traitement en arrière-plan. 
+
+
+## Utiliser `BackgroundTasks`
+
+Pour commencer, importez `BackgroundTasks` et définissez un paramètre dans votre *fonction de chemin* avec `BackgroundTasks` comme type déclaré.
+
+```Python hl_lines="1  13"
+{!../../../docs_src/background_tasks/tutorial001.py!}
+```
+
+**FastAPI** créera l'objet de type `BackgroundTasks` pour vous et le passera comme paramètre.
+
+## Créer une fonction de tâche
+
+Une fonction à exécuter comme tâche d'arrière-plan est juste une fonction standard qui peut recevoir des paramètres.
+
+Elle peut être une fonction asynchrone (`async def`) ou une fonction normale (`def`), **FastAPI** saura la gérer correctement.
+
+Dans cet exemple, la fonction de tâche écrira dans un fichier (afin de simuler un envoi d'email).
+
+L'opération d'écriture n'utilisant ni `async` ni `await`, on définit la fonction avec un `def` normal.
+
+```Python hl_lines="6-9"
+{!../../../docs_src/background_tasks/tutorial001.py!}
+```
+
+## Ajouter une tâche d'arrière-plan
+
+Dans votre *fonction de chemin*, passez votre fonction de tâche à l'objet de type `BackgroundTasks` (`background_tasks` ici) grâce à la méthode `.add_task()` :
+
+
+```Python hl_lines="14"
+{!../../../docs_src/background_tasks/tutorial001.py!}
+```
+
+`.add_task()` reçoit comme arguments :
+
+* Une fonction de tâche à exécuter en arrière-plan (`write_notification`).
+* Les arguments positionnels à passer à la fonction de tâche dans l'ordre (`email`).
+* Les arguments nommés à passer à la fonction de tâche (`message="some notification"`).
+
+## Injection de dépendances
+
+Utiliser `BackgroundTasks` fonctionne aussi avec le système d'injection de dépendances. Vous pouvez déclarer un paramètre de type `BackgroundTasks` à différents niveaux : dans une *fonction de chemin*, dans une dépendance, dans une sous-dépendance...
+
+**FastAPI** sait quoi faire dans chaque cas et comment réutiliser le même objet, afin que tous les paramètres de type `BackgroundTasks` soient fusionnés et que les tâches soient exécutées en arrière-plan :
+
+```Python hl_lines="13  15  22  25"
+{!../../../docs_src/background_tasks/tutorial002.py!}
+```
+
+Dans cet exemple, les messages seront écrits dans le fichier `log.txt` après que la réponse soit envoyée.
+
+S'il y avait une `query` (paramètre nommé `q`) dans la requête, alors elle sera écrite dans `log.txt` via une tâche d'arrière-plan.
+
+Et ensuite une autre tâche d'arrière-plan (générée dans les paramètres de la *la fonction de chemin*) écrira un message dans `log.txt` comprenant le paramètre de chemin `email`.
+
+## Détails techniques
+
+La classe `BackgroundTasks` provient directement de <a href="https://www.starlette.io/background/" class="external-link" target="_blank">`starlette.background`</a>.
+
+Elle est importée/incluse directement dans **FastAPI** pour que vous puissiez l'importer depuis `fastapi` et éviter d'importer accidentellement `BackgroundTask` (sans `s` à la fin) depuis `starlette.background`.
+
+En utilisant seulement `BackgroundTasks` (et non `BackgroundTask`), il est possible de l'utiliser en tant que paramètre de *fonction de chemin* et de laisser **FastAPI** gérer le reste pour vous, comme en utilisant l'objet `Request` directement. 
+
+Il est tout de même possible d'utiliser `BackgroundTask` seul dans **FastAPI**, mais dans ce cas il faut créer l'objet dans le code et renvoyer une `Response` Starlette l'incluant.
+
+Plus de détails sont disponibles dans <a href="https://www.starlette.io/background/" class="external-link" target="_blank">la documentation officielle de Starlette sur les tâches d'arrière-plan</a> (via leurs classes `BackgroundTasks`et `BackgroundTask`).
+
+## Avertissement
+
+Si vous avez besoin de réaliser des traitements lourds en tâche d'arrière-plan et que vous n'avez pas besoin que ces traitements aient lieu dans le même process (par exemple, pas besoin de partager la mémoire, les variables, etc.), il peut s'avérer profitable d'utiliser des outils plus importants tels que <a href="https://docs.celeryproject.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">Celery</a>.
+
+Ces outils nécessitent généralement des configurations plus complexes ainsi qu'un gestionnaire de queue de message, comme RabbitMQ ou Redis, mais ils permettent d'exécuter des tâches d'arrière-plan dans différents process, et potentiellement, sur plusieurs serveurs.
+
+Pour voir un exemple, allez voir les [Générateurs de projets](../project-generation.md){.internal-link target=_blank}, ils incluent tous Celery déjà configuré.
+
+Mais si vous avez besoin d'accéder aux variables et objets de la même application **FastAPI**, ou si vous avez besoin d'effectuer de petites tâches d'arrière-plan (comme envoyer des notifications par email), vous pouvez simplement vous contenter d'utiliser `BackgroundTasks`.
+
+## Résumé
+
+Importez et utilisez `BackgroundTasks` grâce aux paramètres de *fonction de chemin* et les dépendances pour ajouter des tâches d'arrière-plan.

docs/fr/mkdocs.yml

@@ -3,10 +3,23 @@ site_description: FastAPI framework, high performance, easy to learn, fast to co
 site_url: https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/fr/
 theme:
   name: material
+  custom_dir: overrides
   palette:
-    scheme: preference
+  - scheme: default
     primary: teal
     accent: amber
+    toggle:
+      icon: material/lightbulb-outline
+      name: Switch to light mode
+  - scheme: slate
+    primary: teal
+    accent: amber
+    toggle:
+      icon: material/lightbulb
+      name: Switch to dark mode
+  features:
+  - search.suggest
+  - search.highlight
   icon:
     repo: fontawesome/brands/github-alt
   logo: https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/icon-white.svg
@@ -29,10 +42,19 @@ nav:
   - es: /es/
   - fr: /fr/
   - it: /it/
+  - ja: /ja/
+  - ko: /ko/
+  - pl: /pl/
   - pt: /pt/
   - ru: /ru/
+  - sq: /sq/
+  - tr: /tr/
   - uk: /uk/
   - zh: /zh/
+- features.md
+- fastapi-people.md
+- Tutoriel - Guide utilisateur:
+  - tutorial/background-tasks.md
 markdown_extensions:
 - toc:
     permalink: true
@@ -52,7 +74,9 @@ markdown_extensions:
 extra:
   social:
   - icon: fontawesome/brands/github-alt
-    link: https://github.com/tiangolo/typer
+    link: https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi
+  - icon: fontawesome/brands/discord
+    link: https://discord.gg/VQjSZaeJmf
   - icon: fontawesome/brands/twitter
     link: https://twitter.com/tiangolo
   - icon: fontawesome/brands/linkedin
@@ -63,6 +87,33 @@ extra:
     link: https://medium.com/@tiangolo
   - icon: fontawesome/solid/globe
     link: https://tiangolo.com
+  alternate:
+  - link: /
+    name: en - English
+  - link: /es/
+    name: es - español
+  - link: /fr/
+    name: fr - français
+  - link: /it/
+    name: it - italiano
+  - link: /ja/
+    name: ja - 日本語
+  - link: /ko/
+    name: ko - 한국어
+  - link: /pl/
+    name: pl
+  - link: /pt/
+    name: pt - português
+  - link: /ru/
+    name: ru - русский язык
+  - link: /sq/
+    name: sq - shqip
+  - link: /tr/
+    name: tr - Türkçe
+  - link: /uk/
+    name: uk - українська мова
+  - link: /zh/
+    name: zh - 汉语
 extra_css:
 - https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/css/termynal.css
 - https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/css/custom.css
@@ -70,5 +121,3 @@ extra_javascript:
 - https://unpkg.com/mermaid@8.4.6/dist/mermaid.min.js
 - https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/js/termynal.js
 - https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/js/custom.js
-- https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/js/chat.js
-- https://sidecar.gitter.im/dist/sidecar.v1.js

docs/it/docs/index.md

@@ -18,9 +18,6 @@
 <a href="https://pypi.org/project/fastapi" target="_blank">
     <img src="https://badge.fury.io/py/fastapi.svg" alt="Package version">
 </a>
-<a href="https://gitter.im/tiangolo/fastapi?utm_source=badge&utm_medium=badge&utm_campaign=pr-badge&utm_content=badge" target="_blank">
-    <img src="https://badges.gitter.im/tiangolo/fastapi.svg" alt="Join the chat at https://gitter.im/tiangolo/fastapi">
-</a>
 </p>
 
 ---
@@ -43,10 +40,24 @@ The key features are:
 * **Easy**: Designed to be easy to use and learn. Less time reading docs.
 * **Short**: Minimize code duplication. Multiple features from each parameter declaration. Fewer bugs.
 * **Robust**: Get production-ready code. With automatic interactive documentation.
-* **Standards-based**: Based on (and fully compatible with) the open standards for APIs: <a href="https://github.com/OAI/OpenAPI-Specification" class="external-link" target="_blank">OpenAPI</a> (previously known as Swagger) and <a href="http://json-schema.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">JSON Schema</a>.
+* **Standards-based**: Based on (and fully compatible with) the open standards for APIs: <a href="https://github.com/OAI/OpenAPI-Specification" class="external-link" target="_blank">OpenAPI</a> (previously known as Swagger) and <a href="https://json-schema.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">JSON Schema</a>.
 
 <small>* estimation based on tests on an internal development team, building production applications.</small>
 
+## Gold Sponsors
+
+<!-- sponsors -->
+
+{% if sponsors %}
+{% for sponsor in sponsors.gold -%}
+<a href="{{ sponsor.url }}" target="_blank" title="{{ sponsor.title }}"><img src="{{ sponsor.img }}"></a>
+{% endfor %}
+{% endif %}
+
+<!-- /sponsors -->
+
+<a href="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/fastapi-people/#sponsors" class="external-link" target="_blank">Other sponsors</a>
+
 ## Opinions
 
 "_[...] I'm using **FastAPI** a ton these days. [...] I'm actually planning to use it for all of my team's **ML services at Microsoft**. Some of them are getting integrated into the core **Windows** product and some **Office** products._"
@@ -75,7 +86,7 @@ The key features are:
 
 "_Honestly, what you've built looks super solid and polished. In many ways, it's what I wanted **Hug** to be - it's really inspiring to see someone build that._"
 
-<div style="text-align: right; margin-right: 10%;">Timothy Crosley - <strong><a href="http://www.hug.rest/" target="_blank">Hug</a> creator</strong> <a href="https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=19455465" target="_blank"><small>(ref)</small></a></div>
+<div style="text-align: right; margin-right: 10%;">Timothy Crosley - <strong><a href="https://www.hug.rest/" target="_blank">Hug</a> creator</strong> <a href="https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=19455465" target="_blank"><small>(ref)</small></a></div>
 
 ---
 
@@ -116,12 +127,12 @@ $ pip install fastapi
 
 </div>
 
-You will also need an ASGI server, for production such as <a href="http://www.uvicorn.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a> or <a href="https://gitlab.com/pgjones/hypercorn" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hypercorn</a>.
+You will also need an ASGI server, for production such as <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a> or <a href="https://gitlab.com/pgjones/hypercorn" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hypercorn</a>.
 
 <div class="termy">
 
 ```console
-$ pip install uvicorn
+$ pip install uvicorn[standard]
 
 ---> 100%
 ```
@@ -429,9 +440,9 @@ Used by Pydantic:
 
 Used by Starlette:
 
-* <a href="http://docs.python-requests.org" target="_blank"><code>requests</code></a> - Required if you want to use the `TestClient`.
+* <a href="https://requests.readthedocs.io" target="_blank"><code>requests</code></a> - Required if you want to use the `TestClient`.
 * <a href="https://github.com/Tinche/aiofiles" target="_blank"><code>aiofiles</code></a> - Required if you want to use `FileResponse` or `StaticFiles`.
-* <a href="http://jinja.pocoo.org" target="_blank"><code>jinja2</code></a> - Required if you want to use the default template configuration.
+* <a href="https://jinja.palletsprojects.com" target="_blank"><code>jinja2</code></a> - Required if you want to use the default template configuration.
 * <a href="https://andrew-d.github.io/python-multipart/" target="_blank"><code>python-multipart</code></a> - Required if you want to support form <abbr title="converting the string that comes from an HTTP request into Python data">"parsing"</abbr>, with `request.form()`.
 * <a href="https://pythonhosted.org/itsdangerous/" target="_blank"><code>itsdangerous</code></a> - Required for `SessionMiddleware` support.
 * <a href="https://pyyaml.org/wiki/PyYAMLDocumentation" target="_blank"><code>pyyaml</code></a> - Required for Starlette's `SchemaGenerator` support (you probably don't need it with FastAPI).
@@ -440,7 +451,7 @@ Used by Starlette:
 
 Used by FastAPI / Starlette:
 
-* <a href="http://www.uvicorn.org" target="_blank"><code>uvicorn</code></a> - for the server that loads and serves your application.
+* <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org" target="_blank"><code>uvicorn</code></a> - for the server that loads and serves your application.
 * <a href="https://github.com/ijl/orjson" target="_blank"><code>orjson</code></a> - Required if you want to use `ORJSONResponse`.
 
 You can install all of these with `pip install fastapi[all]`.

docs/it/mkdocs.yml

@@ -3,10 +3,23 @@ site_description: FastAPI framework, high performance, easy to learn, fast to co
 site_url: https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/it/
 theme:
   name: material
+  custom_dir: overrides
   palette:
-    scheme: preference
+  - scheme: default
     primary: teal
     accent: amber
+    toggle:
+      icon: material/lightbulb-outline
+      name: Switch to light mode
+  - scheme: slate
+    primary: teal
+    accent: amber
+    toggle:
+      icon: material/lightbulb
+      name: Switch to dark mode
+  features:
+  - search.suggest
+  - search.highlight
   icon:
     repo: fontawesome/brands/github-alt
   logo: https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/icon-white.svg
@@ -29,8 +42,12 @@ nav:
   - es: /es/
   - fr: /fr/
   - it: /it/
+  - ja: /ja/
+  - ko: /ko/
+  - pl: /pl/
   - pt: /pt/
   - ru: /ru/
+  - sq: /sq/
   - tr: /tr/
   - uk: /uk/
   - zh: /zh/
@@ -53,7 +70,9 @@ markdown_extensions:
 extra:
   social:
   - icon: fontawesome/brands/github-alt
-    link: https://github.com/tiangolo/typer
+    link: https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi
+  - icon: fontawesome/brands/discord
+    link: https://discord.gg/VQjSZaeJmf
   - icon: fontawesome/brands/twitter
     link: https://twitter.com/tiangolo
   - icon: fontawesome/brands/linkedin
@@ -64,6 +83,33 @@ extra:
     link: https://medium.com/@tiangolo
   - icon: fontawesome/solid/globe
     link: https://tiangolo.com
+  alternate:
+  - link: /
+    name: en - English
+  - link: /es/
+    name: es - español
+  - link: /fr/
+    name: fr - français
+  - link: /it/
+    name: it - italiano
+  - link: /ja/
+    name: ja - 日本語
+  - link: /ko/
+    name: ko - 한국어
+  - link: /pl/
+    name: pl
+  - link: /pt/
+    name: pt - português
+  - link: /ru/
+    name: ru - русский язык
+  - link: /sq/
+    name: sq - shqip
+  - link: /tr/
+    name: tr - Türkçe
+  - link: /uk/
+    name: uk - українська мова
+  - link: /zh/
+    name: zh - 汉语
 extra_css:
 - https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/css/termynal.css
 - https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/css/custom.css
@@ -71,5 +117,3 @@ extra_javascript:
 - https://unpkg.com/mermaid@8.4.6/dist/mermaid.min.js
 - https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/js/termynal.js
 - https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/js/custom.js
-- https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/js/chat.js
-- https://sidecar.gitter.im/dist/sidecar.v1.js

docs/ja/docs/advanced/additional-status-codes.md

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+# 追加のステータスコード
+
+デフォルトでは、 **FastAPI** は `JSONResponse` を使ってレスポンスを返します。その `JSONResponse` の中には、 *path operation* が返した内容が入ります。
+
+それは、デフォルトのステータスコードか、 *path operation* でセットしたものを利用します。
+
+## 追加のステータスコード
+
+メインのステータスコードとは別に、他のステータスコードを返したい場合は、`Response` (`JSONResponse` など) に追加のステータスコードを設定して直接返します。
+
+例えば、itemを更新し、成功した場合は200 "OK"のHTTPステータスコードを返す *path operation* を作りたいとします。
+
+しかし、新しいitemも許可したいです。itemが存在しない場合は、それらを作成して201 "Created"を返します。
+
+これを達成するには、 `JSONResponse` をインポートし、 `status_code` を設定して直接内容を返します。
+
+```Python hl_lines="4  23"
+{!../../../docs_src/additional_status_codes/tutorial001.py!}
+```
+
+!!! warning "注意"
+    上記の例のように `Response` を明示的に返す場合、それは直接返されます。
+
+    モデルなどはシリアライズされません。
+
+    必要なデータが含まれていることや、値が有効なJSONであること (`JSONResponse` を使う場合) を確認してください。
+
+!!! note "技術詳細"
+    `from starlette.responses import JSONResponse` を利用することもできます。
+
+    **FastAPI** は `fastapi.responses` と同じ `starlette.responses` を、開発者の利便性のために提供しています。しかし有効なレスポンスはほとんどStarletteから来ています。 `status` についても同じです。
+
+## OpenAPIとAPIドキュメント
+
+ステータスコードとレスポンスを直接返す場合、それらはOpenAPIスキーマ (APIドキュメント) には含まれません。なぜなら、FastAPIは何が返されるのか事前に知ることができないからです。
+
+しかし、 [Additional Responses](additional-responses.md){.internal-link target=_blank} を使ってコードの中にドキュメントを書くことができます。