build.go: introduce a friendlier way to build Ollama

This commit introduces a more friendly way to build Ollama dependencies and the binary without abusing `go generate` and removing the unnecessary extra steps it brings with it. This script also provides nicer feedback to the user about what is happening during the build process. At the end, it prints a helpful message to the user about what to do next (e.g. run the new local Ollama).
2025-12-27 09:39:24 -05:00 · 2024-04-09 13:52:08 -07:00
167 changed files with 4812 additions and 11791 deletions
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/10_bug_report.yml
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/10_bug_report.yml
@@ -1,60 +0,0 @@
-name: Bug report
-labels: [bug]
-description: Something isn't working right.
-body:
-  - type: textarea
-    id: description
-    attributes:
-      label: What is the issue?
-      description: What happened? What did you expect to happen?
-    validations:
-      required: true
-  - type: dropdown
-    id: os
-    attributes:
-      label: OS
-      description: Which operating system are you using?
-      multiple: true
-      options:
-        - Linux
-        - macOS
-        - Windows
-        - Docker
-        - WSL2
-    validations:
-      required: false
-  - type: dropdown
-    id: gpu
-    attributes:
-      label: GPU
-      description: Which GPU are you using?
-      multiple: true
-      options:
-        - Nvidia
-        - AMD
-        - Intel
-        - Apple
-        - Other
-    validations:
-      required: false
-  - type: dropdown
-    id: cpu
-    attributes:
-      label: CPU
-      description: Which CPU are you using?
-      multiple: true
-      options:
-        - Intel
-        - AMD
-        - Apple
-        - Other
-    validations:
-      required: false
-  - type: input
-    id: version
-    attributes:
-      label: Ollama version
-      description: What version of Ollama are you using? (`ollama --version`)
-      placeholder: e.g., 0.1.32
-    validations:
-      required: false
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/10_model_request.yml
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/10_model_request.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+name: Model request
+description: Request a new model for the library
+labels: [mr]
+body:
+  - type: markdown
+    attributes:
+      value: |
+        Please check if your Model request is [already available](https://ollama.com/search) or that you cannot [import it](https://github.com/ollama/ollama/blob/main/docs/import.md#import-a-model) yourself.
+        Tell us about which Model you'd like to see in the library!
+  - type: textarea
+    id: problem
+    attributes:
+      label: What model would you like?
+      description: Please provide a link to the model.
+  - type: markdown
+    attributes:
+      value: |
+        Thanks for filing a model request!
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/20_feature_request.md
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/20_feature_request.md
@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
---
-name: Feature request
-about: Request a new feature
-labels: feature request
---
-
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/20_feature_request.yml
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/20_feature_request.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+name: Feature request
+description: Propose a new feature
+labels: [needs-triage, fr]
+body:
+  - type: markdown
+    attributes:
+      value: |
+        Please check if your feature request is [already filed](https://github.com/ollama/ollama/issues).
+        Tell us about your idea!
+  - type: textarea
+    id: problem
+    attributes:
+      label: What are you trying to do?
+      description: Tell us about the problem you're trying to solve.
+    validations:
+      required: false
+  - type: textarea
+    id: solution
+    attributes:
+      label: How should we solve this?
+      description: If you have an idea of how you'd like to see this feature work, let us know.
+    validations:
+      required: false
+  - type: textarea
+    id: alternative
+    attributes:
+      label: What is the impact of not solving this?
+      description: (How) Are you currently working around the issue?
+    validations:
+      required: false
+  - type: textarea
+    id: context
+    attributes:
+      label: Anything else?
+      description: Any additional context to share, e.g., links
+    validations:
+      required: false
+  - type: markdown
+    attributes:
+      value: |
+        Thanks for filing a feature request!
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/30_model_request.md
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/30_model_request.md
@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
---
-name: Model request
-about: Request support for a new model to be added to Ollama
-labels: model request
---
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/90_bug_report.yml
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/90_bug_report.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+name: Bug report
+description: File a bug report. If you need help, please join our Discord server.
+labels: [needs-triage, bug]
+body:
+  - type: markdown
+    attributes:
+      value: |
+        Please check if your bug is [already filed](https://github.com/ollama/ollama/issues) before filing a new one.
+  - type: textarea
+    id: what-happened
+    attributes:
+      label: What is the issue?
+      description: What happened? What did you expect to happen?
+    validations:
+      required: true
+  - type: textarea
+    id: what-was-expected
+    attributes:
+      label: What did you expect to see?
+      description: What did you expect to see/happen instead?
+    validations:
+      required: false
+  - type: textarea
+    id: steps
+    attributes:
+      label: Steps to reproduce
+      description: What are the steps you took that hit this issue?
+    validations:
+      required: false
+  - type: textarea
+    id: changes
+    attributes:
+      label: Are there any recent changes that introduced the issue?
+      description: If so, what are those changes?
+    validations:
+      required: false
+  - type: dropdown
+    id: os
+    attributes:
+      label: OS
+      description: What OS are you using? You may select more than one.
+      multiple: true
+      options:
+        - Linux
+        - macOS
+        - Windows
+        - Other
+    validations:
+      required: false
+  - type: dropdown
+    id: architecture
+    attributes:
+      label: Architecture
+      description: What architecture are you using? You may select more than one.
+      multiple: true
+      options:
+        - arm64
+        - amd64
+        - x86
+        - Other
+  - type: dropdown
+    id: platform
+    attributes:
+      label: Platform
+      description: What platform are you using? You may select more than one.
+      multiple: true
+      options:
+        - Docker
+        - WSL
+        - WSL2
+    validations:
+      required: false
+  - type: input
+    id: ollama-version
+    attributes:
+      label: Ollama version
+      description: What Ollama version are you using? (`ollama --version`)
+      placeholder: e.g., 1.14.4
+    validations:
+      required: false
+  - type: dropdown
+    id: gpu
+    attributes:
+      label: GPU
+      description: What GPU, if any, are you using? You may select more than one.
+      multiple: true
+      options:
+        - Nvidia
+        - AMD
+        - Intel
+        - Apple
+        - Other
+    validations:
+      required: false
+  - type: textarea
+    id: gpu-info
+    attributes:
+      label: GPU info
+      description: What GPU info do you have? (`nvidia-smi`, `rocminfo`, `system_profiler SPDisplaysDataType`, etc.)
+    validations:
+      required: false
+  - type: dropdown
+    id: cpu
+    attributes:
+      label: CPU
+      description: What CPU are you using? You may select more than one.
+      multiple: true
+      options:
+        - Intel
+        - AMD
+        - Apple
+        - Other
+    validations:
+      required: false
+  - type: textarea
+    id: other-software
+    attributes:
+      label: Other software
+      description: What other software are you using that might be related to this issue?
+    validations:
+      required: false
+  - type: markdown
+    attributes:
+      value: |
+        Thanks for filing a bug report!
--- a/.github/workflows/release.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/release.yaml
@@ -28,10 +28,9 @@ jobs:
          security unlock-keychain -p password build.keychain
          security import certificate.p12 -k build.keychain -P $MACOS_SIGNING_KEY_PASSWORD -T /usr/bin/codesign
          security set-key-partition-list -S apple-tool:,apple:,codesign: -s -k password build.keychain
-          security set-keychain-settings -lut 3600 build.keychain
      - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
        with:
-          go-version-file: go.mod
+          go-version: '1.22'
          cache: true
      - name: Build Darwin
        env:
@@ -87,7 +86,7 @@ jobs:
          write-host "plugin installed"
      - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
        with:
-          go-version-file: go.mod
+          go-version: '1.22'
          cache: true
      - run: go get ./...
      - run: |
@@ -96,7 +95,8 @@ jobs:
          cd $env:GITHUB_WORKSPACE
          $env:CMAKE_SYSTEM_VERSION="10.0.22621.0"
          $env:PATH="$gopath;$env:PATH"
-          go generate -x ./...
+          
+          $env:GOARCH = ""; go run build.go -f -d -target=${{ matrix.arch }}
        name: go generate
      - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
        with:
@@ -104,7 +104,6 @@ jobs:
          path: |
            llm/build/**/bin/*
            llm/build/**/*.a
-            dist/windows-amd64/**

  # ROCm generation step
  generate-windows-rocm:
@@ -141,7 +140,7 @@ jobs:
          write-host "plugin installed"
      - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
        with:
-          go-version-file: go.mod
+          go-version: '1.22'
          cache: true
      - name: 'Install ROCm'
        run: |
@@ -175,9 +174,7 @@ jobs:
      - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
        with:
          name: generate-windows-rocm
-          path: |
-            llm/build/**/bin/*
-            dist/windows-amd64/**
+          path: llm/build/**/bin/*
      - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
        with:
          name: windows-rocm-deps
@@ -218,7 +215,7 @@ jobs:
          write-host "plugin installed"
      - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
        with:
-          go-version-file: go.mod
+          go-version: '1.22'
          cache: true
      - name: 'Install CUDA'
        run: |
@@ -257,9 +254,7 @@ jobs:
      - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
        with:
          name: generate-windows-cuda
-          path: |
-            llm/build/**/bin/*
-            dist/windows-amd64/**
+          path: llm/build/**/bin/*
      - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
        with:
          name: windows-cuda-deps
@@ -306,24 +301,29 @@ jobs:
          write-host "plugin installed"
      - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
        with:
-          go-version-file: go.mod
+          go-version: '1.22'
          cache: true
      - run: go get
      - uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
        with:
          name: generate-windows-cpu
+          path: llm/build
      - uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
        with:
          name: generate-windows-cuda
+          path: llm/build
      - uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
        with:
          name: windows-cuda-deps
+          path: dist/deps
      - uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
        with:
          name: windows-rocm-deps
+          path: dist/deps
      - uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
        with:
          name: generate-windows-rocm
+          path: llm/build
      - run: dir llm/build
      - run: |
          $gopath=(get-command go).source | split-path -parent
@@ -332,13 +332,13 @@ jobs:
          $env:CMAKE_SYSTEM_VERSION="10.0.22621.0"
          $env:PATH="$gopath;$env:PATH"
          $env:OLLAMA_SKIP_GENERATE="1"
+          $env:NVIDIA_DIR=$(resolve-path ".\dist\deps")
+          $env:HIP_PATH=$(resolve-path ".\dist\deps")
          & .\scripts\build_windows.ps1
      - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
        with:
          name: dist-windows
-          path: |
-            dist/OllamaSetup.exe
-            dist/ollama-windows-*.zip
+          path: dist/*.exe

  # Linux x86 assets built using the container based build
  build-linux-amd64:
--- a/.github/workflows/test.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/test.yaml
@@ -10,11 +10,13 @@ concurrency:
  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-$${{ github.pull_request.number || github.run_id }}
  cancel-in-progress: true

+
 on:
  pull_request:
    paths:
      - '**/*'
      - '!docs/**'
+      - '!examples/**'
      - '!README.md'

 jobs:
@@ -31,9 +33,7 @@ jobs:
      - id: changes
        run: |
          changed() {
-            git diff-tree -r --no-commit-id --name-only \
-              $(git merge-base ${{ github.event.pull_request.base.sha }} ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha }}) \
-              ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha }} \
+            git diff-tree -r --no-commit-id --name-only ${{ github.event.pull_request.base.sha }} ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha }} \
              | xargs python3 -c "import sys; print(any([x.startswith('$1') for x in sys.argv[1:]]))"
          }

@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ jobs:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
        with:
-          go-version-file: go.mod
+          go-version: '1.22'
          cache: true
      - run: go get ./...
      - run: |
@@ -73,10 +73,12 @@ jobs:
          $env:CMAKE_SYSTEM_VERSION="10.0.22621.0"
          $env:PATH="$gopath;$gccpath;$env:PATH"
          echo $env:PATH
-          go generate -x ./...
+
+          $env:GOARCH = ""; go run build.go -f -d -target=${{ matrix.arch }}
        if: ${{ startsWith(matrix.os, 'windows-') }}
        name: 'Windows Go Generate'
-      - run: go generate -x ./...
+      - run: |
+          GOARCH= go run build.go -f -d -target=${{ matrix.arch }}
        if: ${{ ! startsWith(matrix.os, 'windows-') }}
        name: 'Unix Go Generate'
      - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
@@ -104,20 +106,18 @@ jobs:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - uses: actions/setup-go@v4
        with:
-          go-version-file: go.mod
+          go-version: '1.22'
          cache: true
      - run: go get ./...
      - run: |
          git config --global --add safe.directory /__w/ollama/ollama
-          go generate -x ./...
+          GOARCH= go run build.go -f -d -target=${{ matrix.arch }}
        env:
          OLLAMA_SKIP_CPU_GENERATE: '1'
      - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
        with:
          name: cuda-${{ matrix.cuda-version }}-libraries
-          path: |
-            llm/build/**/bin/*
-            dist/windows-amd64/**
+          path: llm/build/**/bin/*
  generate-rocm:
    needs: [changes]
    if: ${{ needs.changes.outputs.GENERATE_ROCM == 'True' }}
@@ -137,20 +137,18 @@ jobs:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - uses: actions/setup-go@v4
        with:
-          go-version-file: go.mod
+          go-version: '1.22'
          cache: true
      - run: go get ./...
      - run: |
          git config --global --add safe.directory /__w/ollama/ollama
-          go generate -x ./...
+          GOARCH= go run build.go -f -d -target=${{ matrix.arch }}
        env:
          OLLAMA_SKIP_CPU_GENERATE: '1'
      - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
        with:
          name: rocm-${{ matrix.rocm-version }}-libraries
-          path: |
-            llm/build/**/bin/*
-            dist/windows-amd64/**
+          path: llm/build/**/bin/*

  # ROCm generation step
  generate-windows-rocm:
@@ -161,7 +159,7 @@ jobs:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
        with:
-          go-version-file: go.mod
+          go-version: '1.22'
          cache: true
      - name: 'Install ROCm'
        run: |
@@ -183,8 +181,9 @@ jobs:
          $env:PATH="$gopath;$env:PATH"
          $env:OLLAMA_SKIP_CPU_GENERATE="1"
          $env:HIP_PATH=$(Resolve-Path 'C:\Program Files\AMD\ROCm\*\bin\clang.exe' | split-path | split-path)
-          go generate -x ./...
-        name: go generate
+
+          $env:GOARCH = ""; go run build.go -f -d -target=${{ matrix.arch }}
+        name: go run build.go
        env:
          OLLAMA_SKIP_CPU_GENERATE: '1'
      # TODO - do we need any artifacts?
@@ -198,7 +197,7 @@ jobs:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
        with:
-          go-version-file: go.mod
+          go-version: '1.22'
          cache: true
      - name: 'Install CUDA'
        run: |
@@ -217,7 +216,7 @@ jobs:
      - name: 'Verify CUDA'
        run: nvcc -V
      - run: go get ./...
-      - name: go generate
+      - name: go run build.go
        run: |
          $gopath=(get-command go).source | split-path -parent
          $cudabin=(get-command nvcc).source | split-path
@@ -226,7 +225,8 @@ jobs:
          $env:CMAKE_SYSTEM_VERSION="10.0.22621.0"
          $env:PATH="$gopath;$cudabin;$env:PATH"
          $env:OLLAMA_SKIP_CPU_GENERATE="1"
-          go generate -x ./...
+          
+          $env:GOARCH = ""; go run build.go -f -d -target=${{ matrix.arch }}
        env:
          OLLAMA_SKIP_CPU_GENERATE: '1'
      # TODO - do we need any artifacts?
@@ -253,7 +253,7 @@ jobs:
          submodules: recursive
      - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
        with:
-          go-version-file: go.mod
+          go-version: '1.22'
          cache: false
      - run: |
          case ${{ matrix.arch }} in
@@ -269,9 +269,14 @@ jobs:
          mkdir -p llm/build/darwin/$ARCH/stub/bin
          touch llm/build/darwin/$ARCH/stub/bin/ollama_llama_server
        if: ${{ startsWith(matrix.os, 'macos-') }}
+      - run: |
+          mkdir -p llm/build/windows/$ARCH/stub/bin
+          touch llm/build/windows/$ARCH/stub/bin/ollama_llama_server
+        if: ${{ startsWith(matrix.os, 'windows-') }}
+        shell: bash
      - uses: golangci/golangci-lint-action@v4
        with:
-          args: --timeout 8m0s -v
+          args: --timeout 8m0s
  test:
    strategy:
      matrix:
@@ -293,8 +298,15 @@ jobs:
          submodules: recursive
      - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
        with:
-          go-version-file: go.mod
+          go-version: '1.22'
          cache: true
+      - run: |
+          GOARCH= go run build.go -f -d -target=${{ matrix.arch }}
+        if: ${{ ! startsWith(matrix.os, 'windows-') }}
+      - run: |
+          $env:GOARCH = ""; go run build.go -f -d -target=${{ matrix.arch }}
+        if: ${{ startsWith(matrix.os, 'windows-') }}
+      - run: go get
      - run: |
          case ${{ matrix.arch }} in
            amd64) echo ARCH=x86_64 ;;
@@ -309,10 +321,13 @@ jobs:
          mkdir -p llm/build/darwin/$ARCH/stub/bin
          touch llm/build/darwin/$ARCH/stub/bin/ollama_llama_server
        if: ${{ startsWith(matrix.os, 'macos-') }}
+      - run: |
+          mkdir -p llm/build/windows/$ARCH/stub/bin
+          touch llm/build/windows/$ARCH/stub/bin/ollama_llama_server
+        if: ${{ startsWith(matrix.os, 'windows-') }}
        shell: bash
-      - run: go generate ./...
-      - run: go build
-      - run: go test -v ./...
+      - run: |
+          go test -v ./...
      - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
        with:
          name: ${{ matrix.os }}-binaries
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -11,5 +11,4 @@ ggml-metal.metal
 .idea
 test_data
 *.crt
-llm/build
-__debug_bin*
+llm/build
--- a/16
+++ b/16
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ ENV PATH /opt/rh/devtoolset-10/root/usr/bin:$PATH
 COPY --from=llm-code / /go/src/github.com/ollama/ollama/
 WORKDIR /go/src/github.com/ollama/ollama/llm/generate
 ARG CGO_CFLAGS
-RUN OLLAMA_SKIP_STATIC_GENERATE=1 OLLAMA_SKIP_CPU_GENERATE=1 sh gen_linux.sh
+RUN OLLAMA_SKIP_CPU_GENERATE=1 sh gen_linux.sh

 FROM --platform=linux/arm64 nvidia/cuda:$CUDA_VERSION-devel-rockylinux8 AS cuda-build-arm64
 ARG CMAKE_VERSION
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ ENV PATH /opt/rh/gcc-toolset-10/root/usr/bin:$PATH
 COPY --from=llm-code / /go/src/github.com/ollama/ollama/
 WORKDIR /go/src/github.com/ollama/ollama/llm/generate
 ARG CGO_CFLAGS
-RUN OLLAMA_SKIP_STATIC_GENERATE=1 OLLAMA_SKIP_CPU_GENERATE=1 sh gen_linux.sh
+RUN OLLAMA_SKIP_CPU_GENERATE=1 sh gen_linux.sh

 FROM --platform=linux/amd64 rocm/dev-centos-7:${ROCM_VERSION}-complete AS rocm-build-amd64
 ARG CMAKE_VERSION
@@ -40,9 +40,9 @@ COPY --from=llm-code / /go/src/github.com/ollama/ollama/
 WORKDIR /go/src/github.com/ollama/ollama/llm/generate
 ARG CGO_CFLAGS
 ARG AMDGPU_TARGETS
-RUN OLLAMA_SKIP_STATIC_GENERATE=1 OLLAMA_SKIP_CPU_GENERATE=1 sh gen_linux.sh
+RUN OLLAMA_SKIP_CPU_GENERATE=1 sh gen_linux.sh
 RUN mkdir /tmp/scratch && \
-    for dep in $(zcat /go/src/github.com/ollama/ollama/llm/build/linux/x86_64/rocm*/bin/deps.txt.gz) ; do \
+    for dep in $(cat /go/src/github.com/ollama/ollama/llm/llama.cpp/build/linux/x86_64/rocm*/lib/deps.txt) ; do \
        cp ${dep} /tmp/scratch/ || exit 1 ; \
    done && \
    (cd /opt/rocm/lib && tar cf - rocblas/library) | (cd /tmp/scratch/ && tar xf - ) && \
@@ -64,11 +64,11 @@ WORKDIR /go/src/github.com/ollama/ollama/llm/generate
 FROM --platform=linux/amd64 cpu-builder-amd64 AS static-build-amd64
 RUN OLLAMA_CPU_TARGET="static" sh gen_linux.sh
 FROM --platform=linux/amd64 cpu-builder-amd64 AS cpu-build-amd64
-RUN OLLAMA_SKIP_STATIC_GENERATE=1 OLLAMA_CPU_TARGET="cpu" sh gen_linux.sh
+RUN OLLAMA_CPU_TARGET="cpu" sh gen_linux.sh
 FROM --platform=linux/amd64 cpu-builder-amd64 AS cpu_avx-build-amd64
-RUN OLLAMA_SKIP_STATIC_GENERATE=1 OLLAMA_CPU_TARGET="cpu_avx" sh gen_linux.sh
+RUN OLLAMA_CPU_TARGET="cpu_avx" sh gen_linux.sh
 FROM --platform=linux/amd64 cpu-builder-amd64 AS cpu_avx2-build-amd64
-RUN OLLAMA_SKIP_STATIC_GENERATE=1 OLLAMA_CPU_TARGET="cpu_avx2" sh gen_linux.sh
+RUN OLLAMA_CPU_TARGET="cpu_avx2" sh gen_linux.sh

 FROM --platform=linux/arm64 centos:7 AS cpu-builder-arm64
 ARG CMAKE_VERSION
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ WORKDIR /go/src/github.com/ollama/ollama/llm/generate
 FROM --platform=linux/arm64 cpu-builder-arm64 AS static-build-arm64
 RUN OLLAMA_CPU_TARGET="static" sh gen_linux.sh
 FROM --platform=linux/arm64 cpu-builder-arm64 AS cpu-build-arm64
-RUN OLLAMA_SKIP_STATIC_GENERATE=1 OLLAMA_CPU_TARGET="cpu" sh gen_linux.sh
+RUN OLLAMA_CPU_TARGET="cpu" sh gen_linux.sh


 # Intermediate stage used for ./scripts/build_linux.sh
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 <div align="center">
- <img alt="ollama" height="200px" src="https://github.com/ollama/ollama/assets/3325447/0d0b44e2-8f4a-4e99-9b52-a5c1c741c8f7">
+  <img alt="ollama" height="200px" src="https://github.com/ollama/ollama/assets/3325447/0d0b44e2-8f4a-4e99-9b52-a5c1c741c8f7">
 </div>

 # Ollama
@@ -35,10 +35,10 @@ The official [Ollama Docker image](https://hub.docker.com/r/ollama/ollama) `olla

 ## Quickstart

-To run and chat with [Llama 3](https://ollama.com/library/llama3):
+To run and chat with [Llama 2](https://ollama.com/library/llama2):

 ```
-ollama run llama3
+ollama run llama2
 ```

 ## Model library
@@ -49,20 +49,21 @@ Here are some example models that can be downloaded:

 | Model              | Parameters | Size  | Download                       |
 | ------------------ | ---------- | ----- | ------------------------------ |
-| Llama 3            | 8B         | 4.7GB | `ollama run llama3`            |
-| Llama 3            | 70B        | 40GB  | `ollama run llama3:70b`        |
-| Phi 3 Mini         | 3.8B       | 2.3GB | `ollama run phi3`              |
-| Phi 3 Medium       | 14B        | 7.9GB | `ollama run phi3:medium`       |
-| Gemma              | 2B         | 1.4GB | `ollama run gemma:2b`          |
-| Gemma              | 7B         | 4.8GB | `ollama run gemma:7b`          |
+| Llama 2            | 7B         | 3.8GB | `ollama run llama2`            |
 | Mistral            | 7B         | 4.1GB | `ollama run mistral`           |
-| Moondream 2        | 1.4B       | 829MB | `ollama run moondream`         |
+| Dolphin Phi        | 2.7B       | 1.6GB | `ollama run dolphin-phi`       |
+| Phi-2              | 2.7B       | 1.7GB | `ollama run phi`               |
 | Neural Chat        | 7B         | 4.1GB | `ollama run neural-chat`       |
 | Starling           | 7B         | 4.1GB | `ollama run starling-lm`       |
 | Code Llama         | 7B         | 3.8GB | `ollama run codellama`         |
 | Llama 2 Uncensored | 7B         | 3.8GB | `ollama run llama2-uncensored` |
+| Llama 2 13B        | 13B        | 7.3GB | `ollama run llama2:13b`        |
+| Llama 2 70B        | 70B        | 39GB  | `ollama run llama2:70b`        |
+| Orca Mini          | 3B         | 1.9GB | `ollama run orca-mini`         |
+| Vicuna             | 7B         | 3.8GB | `ollama run vicuna`            |
 | LLaVA              | 7B         | 4.5GB | `ollama run llava`             |
-| Solar              | 10.7B      | 6.1GB | `ollama run solar`             |
+| Gemma              | 2B         | 1.4GB | `ollama run gemma:2b`          |
+| Gemma              | 7B         | 4.8GB | `ollama run gemma:7b`          |

 > Note: You should have at least 8 GB of RAM available to run the 7B models, 16 GB to run the 13B models, and 32 GB to run the 33B models.

@@ -96,16 +97,16 @@ See the [guide](docs/import.md) on importing models for more information.

 ### Customize a prompt

-Models from the Ollama library can be customized with a prompt. For example, to customize the `llama3` model:
+Models from the Ollama library can be customized with a prompt. For example, to customize the `llama2` model:

 ```
-ollama pull llama3
+ollama pull llama2
 ```

 Create a `Modelfile`:

 ```
-FROM llama3
+FROM llama2

 # set the temperature to 1 [higher is more creative, lower is more coherent]
 PARAMETER temperature 1
@@ -140,7 +141,7 @@ ollama create mymodel -f ./Modelfile
 ### Pull a model

 ```
-ollama pull llama3
+ollama pull llama2
 ```

 > This command can also be used to update a local model. Only the diff will be pulled.
@@ -148,13 +149,13 @@ ollama pull llama3
 ### Remove a model

 ```
-ollama rm llama3
+ollama rm llama2
 ```

 ### Copy a model

 ```
-ollama cp llama3 my-model
+ollama cp llama2 my-llama2
 ```

 ### Multiline input
@@ -175,10 +176,10 @@ I'm a basic program that prints the famous "Hello, world!" message to the consol
 The image features a yellow smiley face, which is likely the central focus of the picture.
 ```

-### Pass the prompt as an argument
+### Pass in prompt as arguments

 ```
-$ ollama run llama3 "Summarize this file: $(cat README.md)"
+$ ollama run llama2 "Summarize this file: $(cat README.md)"
 Ollama is a lightweight, extensible framework for building and running language models on the local machine. It provides a simple API for creating, running, and managing models, as well as a library of pre-built models that can be easily used in a variety of applications.
 ```

@@ -194,7 +195,19 @@ ollama list

 ## Building

-See the [developer guide](https://github.com/ollama/ollama/blob/main/docs/development.md)
+Install `cmake` and `go`:
+
+```
+brew install cmake go
+```
+
+Then build the binary:
+
+```
+go run build.go
+```
+
+More detailed instructions can be found in the [developer guide](https://github.com/ollama/ollama/blob/main/docs/development.md)

 ### Running local builds

@@ -207,7 +220,7 @@ Next, start the server:
 Finally, in a separate shell, run a model:

 ```
-./ollama run llama3
+./ollama run llama2
 ```

 ## REST API
@@ -218,7 +231,7 @@ Ollama has a REST API for running and managing models.

 ```
 curl http://localhost:11434/api/generate -d '{
-  "model": "llama3",
+  "model": "llama2",
  "prompt":"Why is the sky blue?"
 }'
 ```
@@ -227,7 +240,7 @@ curl http://localhost:11434/api/generate -d '{

 ```
 curl http://localhost:11434/api/chat -d '{
-  "model": "llama3",
+  "model": "mistral",
  "messages": [
    { "role": "user", "content": "why is the sky blue?" }
  ]
@@ -240,18 +253,16 @@ See the [API documentation](./docs/api.md) for all endpoints.

 ### Web & Desktop

- [Open WebUI](https://github.com/open-webui/open-webui)
- [Enchanted (macOS native)](https://github.com/AugustDev/enchanted)
- [Hollama](https://github.com/fmaclen/hollama)
 - [Lollms-Webui](https://github.com/ParisNeo/lollms-webui)
 - [LibreChat](https://github.com/danny-avila/LibreChat)
 - [Bionic GPT](https://github.com/bionic-gpt/bionic-gpt)
+- [Enchanted (macOS native)](https://github.com/AugustDev/enchanted)
 - [HTML UI](https://github.com/rtcfirefly/ollama-ui)
 - [Saddle](https://github.com/jikkuatwork/saddle)
 - [Chatbot UI](https://github.com/ivanfioravanti/chatbot-ollama)
- [Chatbot UI v2](https://github.com/mckaywrigley/chatbot-ui)
 - [Typescript UI](https://github.com/ollama-interface/Ollama-Gui?tab=readme-ov-file)
 - [Minimalistic React UI for Ollama Models](https://github.com/richawo/minimal-llm-ui)
+- [Open WebUI](https://github.com/open-webui/open-webui)
 - [Ollamac](https://github.com/kevinhermawan/Ollamac)
 - [big-AGI](https://github.com/enricoros/big-AGI/blob/main/docs/config-local-ollama.md)
 - [Cheshire Cat assistant framework](https://github.com/cheshire-cat-ai/core)
@@ -269,22 +280,13 @@ See the [API documentation](./docs/api.md) for all endpoints.
 - [OllamaGUI](https://github.com/enoch1118/ollamaGUI)
 - [OpenAOE](https://github.com/InternLM/OpenAOE)
 - [Odin Runes](https://github.com/leonid20000/OdinRunes)
- [LLM-X](https://github.com/mrdjohnson/llm-x) (Progressive Web App)
+- [LLM-X: Progressive Web App](https://github.com/mrdjohnson/llm-x)
 - [AnythingLLM (Docker + MacOs/Windows/Linux native app)](https://github.com/Mintplex-Labs/anything-llm)
 - [Ollama Basic Chat: Uses HyperDiv Reactive UI](https://github.com/rapidarchitect/ollama_basic_chat)
 - [Ollama-chats RPG](https://github.com/drazdra/ollama-chats)
- [QA-Pilot](https://github.com/reid41/QA-Pilot) (Chat with Code Repository)
- [ChatOllama](https://github.com/sugarforever/chat-ollama) (Open Source Chatbot based on Ollama with Knowledge Bases)
- [CRAG Ollama Chat](https://github.com/Nagi-ovo/CRAG-Ollama-Chat) (Simple Web Search with Corrective RAG)
- [RAGFlow](https://github.com/infiniflow/ragflow) (Open-source Retrieval-Augmented Generation engine based on deep document understanding)
- [StreamDeploy](https://github.com/StreamDeploy-DevRel/streamdeploy-llm-app-scaffold) (LLM Application Scaffold)
- [chat](https://github.com/swuecho/chat) (chat web app for teams)
- [Lobe Chat](https://github.com/lobehub/lobe-chat) with [Integrating Doc](https://lobehub.com/docs/self-hosting/examples/ollama)
- [Ollama RAG Chatbot](https://github.com/datvodinh/rag-chatbot.git) (Local Chat with multiple PDFs using Ollama and RAG)
- [BrainSoup](https://www.nurgo-software.com/products/brainsoup) (Flexible native client with RAG & multi-agent automation)
- [macai](https://github.com/Renset/macai) (macOS client for Ollama, ChatGPT, and other compatible API back-ends)
- [Olpaka](https://github.com/Otacon/olpaka) (User-friendly Flutter Web App for Ollama)
- [OllamaSpring](https://github.com/CrazyNeil/OllamaSpring) (Ollama Client for macOS)
+- [ChatOllama: Open Source Chatbot based on Ollama with Knowledge Bases](https://github.com/sugarforever/chat-ollama)
+- [CRAG Ollama Chat: Simple Web Search with Corrective RAG](https://github.com/Nagi-ovo/CRAG-Ollama-Chat)
+- [RAGFlow: Open-source Retrieval-Augmented Generation engine based on deep document understanding](https://github.com/infiniflow/ragflow)

 ### Terminal

@@ -300,24 +302,21 @@ See the [API documentation](./docs/api.md) for all endpoints.
 - [Oatmeal](https://github.com/dustinblackman/oatmeal)
 - [cmdh](https://github.com/pgibler/cmdh)
 - [ooo](https://github.com/npahlfer/ooo)
- [shell-pilot](https://github.com/reid41/shell-pilot)
 - [tenere](https://github.com/pythops/tenere)
 - [llm-ollama](https://github.com/taketwo/llm-ollama) for [Datasette's LLM CLI](https://llm.datasette.io/en/stable/).
 - [typechat-cli](https://github.com/anaisbetts/typechat-cli)
 - [ShellOracle](https://github.com/djcopley/ShellOracle)
 - [tlm](https://github.com/yusufcanb/tlm)
- [podman-ollama](https://github.com/ericcurtin/podman-ollama)

 ### Database

- [MindsDB](https://github.com/mindsdb/mindsdb/blob/staging/mindsdb/integrations/handlers/ollama_handler/README.md) (Connects Ollama models with nearly 200 data platforms and apps)
+- [MindsDB](https://github.com/mindsdb/mindsdb/blob/staging/mindsdb/integrations/handlers/ollama_handler/README.md)
 - [chromem-go](https://github.com/philippgille/chromem-go/blob/v0.5.0/embed_ollama.go) with [example](https://github.com/philippgille/chromem-go/tree/v0.5.0/examples/rag-wikipedia-ollama)

 ### Package managers

 - [Pacman](https://archlinux.org/packages/extra/x86_64/ollama/)
 - [Helm Chart](https://artifacthub.io/packages/helm/ollama-helm/ollama)
- [Guix channel](https://codeberg.org/tusharhero/ollama-guix)

 ### Libraries

@@ -339,13 +338,10 @@ See the [API documentation](./docs/api.md) for all endpoints.
 - [Haystack](https://github.com/deepset-ai/haystack-integrations/blob/main/integrations/ollama.md)
 - [Elixir LangChain](https://github.com/brainlid/langchain)
 - [Ollama for R - rollama](https://github.com/JBGruber/rollama)
- [Ollama for R - ollama-r](https://github.com/hauselin/ollama-r)
 - [Ollama-ex for Elixir](https://github.com/lebrunel/ollama-ex)
 - [Ollama Connector for SAP ABAP](https://github.com/b-tocs/abap_btocs_ollama)
 - [Testcontainers](https://testcontainers.com/modules/ollama/)
- [Portkey](https://portkey.ai/docs/welcome/integration-guides/ollama)
- [PromptingTools.jl](https://github.com/svilupp/PromptingTools.jl) with an [example](https://svilupp.github.io/PromptingTools.jl/dev/examples/working_with_ollama)
- [LlamaScript](https://github.com/Project-Llama/llamascript)
+
 ### Mobile

 - [Enchanted](https://github.com/AugustDev/enchanted)
@@ -364,21 +360,14 @@ See the [API documentation](./docs/api.md) for all endpoints.
 - [Ollama Telegram Bot](https://github.com/ruecat/ollama-telegram)
 - [Hass Ollama Conversation](https://github.com/ej52/hass-ollama-conversation)
 - [Rivet plugin](https://github.com/abrenneke/rivet-plugin-ollama)
+- [Llama Coder](https://github.com/ex3ndr/llama-coder) (Copilot alternative using Ollama)
 - [Obsidian BMO Chatbot plugin](https://github.com/longy2k/obsidian-bmo-chatbot)
 - [Cliobot](https://github.com/herval/cliobot) (Telegram bot with Ollama support)
 - [Copilot for Obsidian plugin](https://github.com/logancyang/obsidian-copilot)
 - [Obsidian Local GPT plugin](https://github.com/pfrankov/obsidian-local-gpt)
 - [Open Interpreter](https://docs.openinterpreter.com/language-model-setup/local-models/ollama)
- [Llama Coder](https://github.com/ex3ndr/llama-coder) (Copilot alternative using Ollama)
- [Ollama Copilot](https://github.com/bernardo-bruning/ollama-copilot) (Proxy that allows you to use ollama as a copilot like Github copilot)
 - [twinny](https://github.com/rjmacarthy/twinny) (Copilot and Copilot chat alternative using Ollama)
 - [Wingman-AI](https://github.com/RussellCanfield/wingman-ai) (Copilot code and chat alternative using Ollama and HuggingFace)
 - [Page Assist](https://github.com/n4ze3m/page-assist) (Chrome Extension)
 - [AI Telegram Bot](https://github.com/tusharhero/aitelegrambot) (Telegram bot using Ollama in backend)
 - [AI ST Completion](https://github.com/yaroslavyaroslav/OpenAI-sublime-text) (Sublime Text 4 AI assistant plugin with Ollama support)
- [Discord-Ollama Chat Bot](https://github.com/kevinthedang/discord-ollama) (Generalized TypeScript Discord Bot w/ Tuning Documentation)
- [Discord AI chat/moderation bot](https://github.com/rapmd73/Companion) Chat/moderation bot written in python. Uses Ollama to create personalities.
-
-### Supported backends 
- [llama.cpp](https://github.com/ggerganov/llama.cpp) project founded by Georgi Gerganov.
-
--- a/api/client.go
+++ b/api/client.go
@@ -1,16 +1,3 @@
-// Package api implements the client-side API for code wishing to interact
-// with the ollama service. The methods of the [Client] type correspond to
-// the ollama REST API as described in [the API documentation].
-// The ollama command-line client itself uses this package to interact with
-// the backend service.
-//
-// # Examples
-//
-// Several examples of using this package are available [in the GitHub
-// repository].
-//
-// [the API documentation]: https://github.com/ollama/ollama/blob/main/docs/api.md
-// [in the GitHub repository]: https://github.com/ollama/ollama/tree/main/examples
 package api

 import (
@@ -18,6 +5,7 @@ import (
 	"bytes"
 	"context"
 	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"net"
@@ -25,15 +13,12 @@ import (
 	"net/url"
 	"os"
 	"runtime"
-	"strconv"
 	"strings"

 	"github.com/ollama/ollama/format"
 	"github.com/ollama/ollama/version"
 )

-// Client encapsulates client state for interacting with the ollama
-// service. Use [ClientFromEnvironment] to create new Clients.
 type Client struct {
 	base *url.URL
 	http *http.Client
@@ -55,46 +40,13 @@ func checkError(resp *http.Response, body []byte) error {
 	return apiError
 }

-// ClientFromEnvironment creates a new [Client] using configuration from the
-// environment variable OLLAMA_HOST, which points to the network host and
-// port on which the ollama service is listenting. The format of this variable
-// is:
-//
-//	<scheme>://<host>:<port>
-//
-// If the variable is not specified, a default ollama host and port will be
-// used.
 func ClientFromEnvironment() (*Client, error) {
-	ollamaHost, err := GetOllamaHost()
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	return &Client{
-		base: &url.URL{
-			Scheme: ollamaHost.Scheme,
-			Host:   net.JoinHostPort(ollamaHost.Host, ollamaHost.Port),
-		},
-		http: http.DefaultClient,
-	}, nil
-}
-
-type OllamaHost struct {
-	Scheme string
-	Host   string
-	Port   string
-}
-
-func GetOllamaHost() (OllamaHost, error) {
 	defaultPort := "11434"

-	hostVar := os.Getenv("OLLAMA_HOST")
-	hostVar = strings.TrimSpace(strings.Trim(strings.TrimSpace(hostVar), "\"'"))
-
-	scheme, hostport, ok := strings.Cut(hostVar, "://")
+	scheme, hostport, ok := strings.Cut(os.Getenv("OLLAMA_HOST"), "://")
 	switch {
 	case !ok:
-		scheme, hostport = "http", hostVar
+		scheme, hostport = "http", os.Getenv("OLLAMA_HOST")
 	case scheme == "http":
 		defaultPort = "80"
 	case scheme == "https":
@@ -114,22 +66,13 @@ func GetOllamaHost() (OllamaHost, error) {
 		}
 	}

-	if portNum, err := strconv.ParseInt(port, 10, 32); err != nil || portNum > 65535 || portNum < 0 {
-		return OllamaHost{}, ErrInvalidHostPort
-	}
-
-	return OllamaHost{
-		Scheme: scheme,
-		Host:   host,
-		Port:   port,
-	}, nil
-}
-
-func NewClient(base *url.URL, http *http.Client) *Client {
 	return &Client{
-		base: base,
-		http: http,
-	}
+		base: &url.URL{
+			Scheme: scheme,
+			Host:   net.JoinHostPort(host, port),
+		},
+		http: http.DefaultClient,
+	}, nil
 }

 func (c *Client) do(ctx context.Context, method, path string, reqData, respData any) error {
@@ -248,14 +191,8 @@ func (c *Client) stream(ctx context.Context, method, path string, data any, fn f
 	return nil
 }

-// GenerateResponseFunc is a function that [Client.Generate] invokes every time
-// a response is received from the service. If this function returns an error,
-// [Client.Generate] will stop generating and return this error.
 type GenerateResponseFunc func(GenerateResponse) error

-// Generate generates a response for a given prompt. The req parameter should
-// be populated with prompt details. fn is called for each response (there may
-// be multiple responses, e.g. in case streaming is enabled).
 func (c *Client) Generate(ctx context.Context, req *GenerateRequest, fn GenerateResponseFunc) error {
 	return c.stream(ctx, http.MethodPost, "/api/generate", req, func(bts []byte) error {
 		var resp GenerateResponse
@@ -267,15 +204,8 @@ func (c *Client) Generate(ctx context.Context, req *GenerateRequest, fn Generate
 	})
 }

-// ChatResponseFunc is a function that [Client.Chat] invokes every time
-// a response is received from the service. If this function returns an error,
-// [Client.Chat] will stop generating and return this error.
 type ChatResponseFunc func(ChatResponse) error

-// Chat generates the next message in a chat. [ChatRequest] may contain a
-// sequence of messages which can be used to maintain chat history with a model.
-// fn is called for each response (there may be multiple responses, e.g. if case
-// streaming is enabled).
 func (c *Client) Chat(ctx context.Context, req *ChatRequest, fn ChatResponseFunc) error {
 	return c.stream(ctx, http.MethodPost, "/api/chat", req, func(bts []byte) error {
 		var resp ChatResponse
@@ -287,14 +217,8 @@ func (c *Client) Chat(ctx context.Context, req *ChatRequest, fn ChatResponseFunc
 	})
 }

-// PullProgressFunc is a function that [Client.Pull] invokes every time there
-// is progress with a "pull" request sent to the service. If this function
-// returns an error, [Client.Pull] will stop the process and return this error.
 type PullProgressFunc func(ProgressResponse) error

-// Pull downloads a model from the ollama library. fn is called each time
-// progress is made on the request and can be used to display a progress bar,
-// etc.
 func (c *Client) Pull(ctx context.Context, req *PullRequest, fn PullProgressFunc) error {
 	return c.stream(ctx, http.MethodPost, "/api/pull", req, func(bts []byte) error {
 		var resp ProgressResponse
@@ -306,14 +230,8 @@ func (c *Client) Pull(ctx context.Context, req *PullRequest, fn PullProgressFunc
 	})
 }

-// PushProgressFunc is a function that [Client.Push] invokes when progress is
-// made.
-// It's similar to other progress function types like [PullProgressFunc].
 type PushProgressFunc func(ProgressResponse) error

-// Push uploads a model to the model library; requires registering for ollama.ai
-// and adding a public key first. fn is called each time progress is made on
-// the request and can be used to display a progress bar, etc.
 func (c *Client) Push(ctx context.Context, req *PushRequest, fn PushProgressFunc) error {
 	return c.stream(ctx, http.MethodPost, "/api/push", req, func(bts []byte) error {
 		var resp ProgressResponse
@@ -325,15 +243,8 @@ func (c *Client) Push(ctx context.Context, req *PushRequest, fn PushProgressFunc
 	})
 }

-// CreateProgressFunc is a function that [Client.Create] invokes when progress
-// is made.
-// It's similar to other progress function types like [PullProgressFunc].
 type CreateProgressFunc func(ProgressResponse) error

-// Create creates a model from a [Modelfile]. fn is a progress function that
-// behaves similarly to other methods (see [Client.Pull]).
-//
-// [Modelfile]: https://github.com/ollama/ollama/blob/main/docs/modelfile.md
 func (c *Client) Create(ctx context.Context, req *CreateRequest, fn CreateProgressFunc) error {
 	return c.stream(ctx, http.MethodPost, "/api/create", req, func(bts []byte) error {
 		var resp ProgressResponse
@@ -345,7 +256,6 @@ func (c *Client) Create(ctx context.Context, req *CreateRequest, fn CreateProgre
 	})
 }

-// List lists models that are available locally.
 func (c *Client) List(ctx context.Context) (*ListResponse, error) {
 	var lr ListResponse
 	if err := c.do(ctx, http.MethodGet, "/api/tags", nil, &lr); err != nil {
@@ -354,17 +264,6 @@ func (c *Client) List(ctx context.Context) (*ListResponse, error) {
 	return &lr, nil
 }

-// List running models.
-func (c *Client) ListRunning(ctx context.Context) (*ListResponse, error) {
-	var lr ListResponse
-	if err := c.do(ctx, http.MethodGet, "/api/ps", nil, &lr); err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	return &lr, nil
-}
-
-// Copy copies a model - creating a model with another name from an existing
-// model.
 func (c *Client) Copy(ctx context.Context, req *CopyRequest) error {
 	if err := c.do(ctx, http.MethodPost, "/api/copy", req, nil); err != nil {
 		return err
@@ -372,7 +271,6 @@ func (c *Client) Copy(ctx context.Context, req *CopyRequest) error {
 	return nil
 }

-// Delete deletes a model and its data.
 func (c *Client) Delete(ctx context.Context, req *DeleteRequest) error {
 	if err := c.do(ctx, http.MethodDelete, "/api/delete", req, nil); err != nil {
 		return err
@@ -380,7 +278,6 @@ func (c *Client) Delete(ctx context.Context, req *DeleteRequest) error {
 	return nil
 }

-// Show obtains model information, including details, modelfile, license etc.
 func (c *Client) Show(ctx context.Context, req *ShowRequest) (*ShowResponse, error) {
 	var resp ShowResponse
 	if err := c.do(ctx, http.MethodPost, "/api/show", req, &resp); err != nil {
@@ -389,16 +286,12 @@ func (c *Client) Show(ctx context.Context, req *ShowRequest) (*ShowResponse, err
 	return &resp, nil
 }

-// Hearbeat checks if the server has started and is responsive; if yes, it
-// returns nil, otherwise an error.
 func (c *Client) Heartbeat(ctx context.Context) error {
 	if err := c.do(ctx, http.MethodHead, "/", nil, nil); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	return nil
 }
-
-// Embeddings generates embeddings from a model.
 func (c *Client) Embeddings(ctx context.Context, req *EmbeddingRequest) (*EmbeddingResponse, error) {
 	var resp EmbeddingResponse
 	if err := c.do(ctx, http.MethodPost, "/api/embeddings", req, &resp); err != nil {
@@ -407,13 +300,21 @@ func (c *Client) Embeddings(ctx context.Context, req *EmbeddingRequest) (*Embedd
 	return &resp, nil
 }

-// CreateBlob creates a blob from a file on the server. digest is the
-// expected SHA256 digest of the file, and r represents the file.
 func (c *Client) CreateBlob(ctx context.Context, digest string, r io.Reader) error {
-	return c.do(ctx, http.MethodPost, fmt.Sprintf("/api/blobs/%s", digest), r, nil)
+	if err := c.do(ctx, http.MethodHead, fmt.Sprintf("/api/blobs/%s", digest), nil, nil); err != nil {
+		var statusError StatusError
+		if !errors.As(err, &statusError) || statusError.StatusCode != http.StatusNotFound {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		if err := c.do(ctx, http.MethodPost, fmt.Sprintf("/api/blobs/%s", digest), r, nil); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
 }

-// Version returns the Ollama server version as a string.
 func (c *Client) Version(ctx context.Context) (string, error) {
 	var version struct {
 		Version string `json:"version"`
--- a/api/client_test.go
+++ b/api/client_test.go
@@ -1,12 +1,6 @@
 package api

-import (
-	"fmt"
-	"net"
-	"testing"
-
-	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
-)
+import "testing"

 func TestClientFromEnvironment(t *testing.T) {
 	type testCase struct {
@@ -46,40 +40,4 @@ func TestClientFromEnvironment(t *testing.T) {
 			}
 		})
 	}
-
-	hostTestCases := map[string]*testCase{
-		"empty":               {value: "", expect: "127.0.0.1:11434"},
-		"only address":        {value: "1.2.3.4", expect: "1.2.3.4:11434"},
-		"only port":           {value: ":1234", expect: ":1234"},
-		"address and port":    {value: "1.2.3.4:1234", expect: "1.2.3.4:1234"},
-		"hostname":            {value: "example.com", expect: "example.com:11434"},
-		"hostname and port":   {value: "example.com:1234", expect: "example.com:1234"},
-		"zero port":           {value: ":0", expect: ":0"},
-		"too large port":      {value: ":66000", err: ErrInvalidHostPort},
-		"too small port":      {value: ":-1", err: ErrInvalidHostPort},
-		"ipv6 localhost":      {value: "[::1]", expect: "[::1]:11434"},
-		"ipv6 world open":     {value: "[::]", expect: "[::]:11434"},
-		"ipv6 no brackets":    {value: "::1", expect: "[::1]:11434"},
-		"ipv6 + port":         {value: "[::1]:1337", expect: "[::1]:1337"},
-		"extra space":         {value: " 1.2.3.4 ", expect: "1.2.3.4:11434"},
-		"extra quotes":        {value: "\"1.2.3.4\"", expect: "1.2.3.4:11434"},
-		"extra space+quotes":  {value: " \" 1.2.3.4 \" ", expect: "1.2.3.4:11434"},
-		"extra single quotes": {value: "'1.2.3.4'", expect: "1.2.3.4:11434"},
-	}
-
-	for k, v := range hostTestCases {
-		t.Run(k, func(t *testing.T) {
-			t.Setenv("OLLAMA_HOST", v.value)
-
-			oh, err := GetOllamaHost()
-			if err != v.err {
-				t.Fatalf("expected %s, got %s", v.err, err)
-			}
-
-			if err == nil {
-				host := net.JoinHostPort(oh.Host, oh.Port)
-				assert.Equal(t, v.expect, host, fmt.Sprintf("%s: expected %s, got %s", k, v.expect, host))
-			}
-		})
-	}
 }
--- a/api/types.go
+++ b/api/types.go
@@ -2,9 +2,7 @@ package api

 import (
 	"encoding/json"
-	"errors"
 	"fmt"
-	"log/slog"
 	"math"
 	"os"
 	"reflect"
@@ -13,7 +11,6 @@ import (
 	"time"
 )

-// StatusError is an error with and HTTP status code.
 type StatusError struct {
 	StatusCode   int
 	Status       string
@@ -34,90 +31,43 @@ func (e StatusError) Error() string {
 	}
 }

-// ImageData represents the raw binary data of an image file.
 type ImageData []byte

-// GenerateRequest describes a request sent by [Client.Generate]. While you
-// have to specify the Model and Prompt fields, all the other fields have
-// reasonable defaults for basic uses.
 type GenerateRequest struct {
-	// Model is the model name; it should be a name familiar to Ollama from
-	// the library at https://ollama.com/library
-	Model string `json:"model"`
+	Model     string      `json:"model"`
+	Prompt    string      `json:"prompt"`
+	System    string      `json:"system"`
+	Template  string      `json:"template"`
+	Context   []int       `json:"context,omitempty"`
+	Stream    *bool       `json:"stream,omitempty"`
+	Raw       bool        `json:"raw,omitempty"`
+	Format    string      `json:"format"`
+	KeepAlive *Duration   `json:"keep_alive,omitempty"`
+	Images    []ImageData `json:"images,omitempty"`

-	// Prompt is the textual prompt to send to the model.
-	Prompt string `json:"prompt"`
-
-	// System overrides the model's default system message/prompt.
-	System string `json:"system"`
-
-	// Template overrides the model's default prompt template.
-	Template string `json:"template"`
-
-	// Context is the context parameter returned from a previous call to
-	// Generate call. It can be used to keep a short conversational memory.
-	Context []int `json:"context,omitempty"`
-
-	// Stream specifies whether the response is streaming; it is true by default.
-	Stream *bool `json:"stream,omitempty"`
-
-	// Raw set to true means that no formatting will be applied to the prompt.
-	Raw bool `json:"raw,omitempty"`
-
-	// Format specifies the format to return a response in.
-	Format string `json:"format"`
-
-	// KeepAlive controls how long the model will stay loaded in memory following
-	// this request.
-	KeepAlive *Duration `json:"keep_alive,omitempty"`
-
-	// Images is an optional list of base64-encoded images accompanying this
-	// request, for multimodal models.
-	Images []ImageData `json:"images,omitempty"`
-
-	// Options lists model-specific options. For example, temperature can be
-	// set through this field, if the model supports it.
 	Options map[string]interface{} `json:"options"`
 }

-// ChatRequest describes a request sent by [Client.Chat].
 type ChatRequest struct {
-	// Model is the model name, as in [GenerateRequest].
-	Model string `json:"model"`
-
-	// Messages is the messages of the chat - can be used to keep a chat memory.
-	Messages []Message `json:"messages"`
-
-	// Stream enable streaming of returned response; true by default.
-	Stream *bool `json:"stream,omitempty"`
-
-	// Format is the format to return the response in (e.g. "json").
-	Format string `json:"format"`
-
-	// KeepAlive controls how long the model will stay loaded into memory
-	// followin the request.
+	Model     string    `json:"model"`
+	Messages  []Message `json:"messages"`
+	Stream    *bool     `json:"stream,omitempty"`
+	Format    string    `json:"format"`
 	KeepAlive *Duration `json:"keep_alive,omitempty"`

-	// Options lists model-specific options.
 	Options map[string]interface{} `json:"options"`
 }

-// Message is a single message in a chat sequence. The message contains the
-// role ("system", "user", or "assistant"), the content and an optional list
-// of images.
 type Message struct {
-	Role    string      `json:"role"`
+	Role    string      `json:"role"` // one of ["system", "user", "assistant"]
 	Content string      `json:"content"`
 	Images  []ImageData `json:"images,omitempty"`
 }

-// ChatResponse is the response returned by [Client.Chat]. Its fields are
-// similar to [GenerateResponse].
 type ChatResponse struct {
-	Model      string    `json:"model"`
-	CreatedAt  time.Time `json:"created_at"`
-	Message    Message   `json:"message"`
-	DoneReason string    `json:"done_reason,omitempty"`
+	Model     string    `json:"model"`
+	CreatedAt time.Time `json:"created_at"`
+	Message   Message   `json:"message"`

 	Done bool `json:"done"`

@@ -133,8 +83,7 @@ type Metrics struct {
 	EvalDuration       time.Duration `json:"eval_duration,omitempty"`
 }

-// Options specified in [GenerateRequest], if you add a new option here add it
-// to the API docs also.
+// Options specified in GenerateRequest, if you add a new option here add it to the API docs also
 type Options struct {
 	Runner

@@ -160,57 +109,43 @@ type Options struct {

 // Runner options which must be set when the model is loaded into memory
 type Runner struct {
-	UseNUMA   bool `json:"numa,omitempty"`
-	NumCtx    int  `json:"num_ctx,omitempty"`
-	NumBatch  int  `json:"num_batch,omitempty"`
-	NumGPU    int  `json:"num_gpu,omitempty"`
-	MainGPU   int  `json:"main_gpu,omitempty"`
-	LowVRAM   bool `json:"low_vram,omitempty"`
-	F16KV     bool `json:"f16_kv,omitempty"`
-	LogitsAll bool `json:"logits_all,omitempty"`
-	VocabOnly bool `json:"vocab_only,omitempty"`
-	UseMMap   bool `json:"use_mmap,omitempty"`
-	UseMLock  bool `json:"use_mlock,omitempty"`
-	NumThread int  `json:"num_thread,omitempty"`
+	UseNUMA            bool    `json:"numa,omitempty"`
+	NumCtx             int     `json:"num_ctx,omitempty"`
+	NumBatch           int     `json:"num_batch,omitempty"`
+	NumGQA             int     `json:"num_gqa,omitempty"`
+	NumGPU             int     `json:"num_gpu,omitempty"`
+	MainGPU            int     `json:"main_gpu,omitempty"`
+	LowVRAM            bool    `json:"low_vram,omitempty"`
+	F16KV              bool    `json:"f16_kv,omitempty"`
+	LogitsAll          bool    `json:"logits_all,omitempty"`
+	VocabOnly          bool    `json:"vocab_only,omitempty"`
+	UseMMap            bool    `json:"use_mmap,omitempty"`
+	UseMLock           bool    `json:"use_mlock,omitempty"`
+	NumThread          int     `json:"num_thread,omitempty"`
 }

-// EmbeddingRequest is the request passed to [Client.Embeddings].
 type EmbeddingRequest struct {
-	// Model is the model name.
-	Model string `json:"model"`
-
-	// Prompt is the textual prompt to embed.
-	Prompt string `json:"prompt"`
-
-	// KeepAlive controls how long the model will stay loaded in memory following
-	// this request.
+	Model     string    `json:"model"`
+	Prompt    string    `json:"prompt"`
 	KeepAlive *Duration `json:"keep_alive,omitempty"`

-	// Options lists model-specific options.
 	Options map[string]interface{} `json:"options"`
 }

-// EmbeddingResponse is the response from [Client.Embeddings].
 type EmbeddingResponse struct {
 	Embedding []float64 `json:"embedding"`
 }

-// CreateRequest is the request passed to [Client.Create].
 type CreateRequest struct {
 	Model     string `json:"model"`
 	Path      string `json:"path"`
 	Modelfile string `json:"modelfile"`
 	Stream    *bool  `json:"stream,omitempty"`
-	Quantize  string `json:"quantize,omitempty"`

 	// Name is deprecated, see Model
 	Name string `json:"name"`
-
-	// Quantization is deprecated, see Quantize
-	Quantization string `json:"quantization,omitempty"`
 }

-// DeleteRequest is the request passed to [Client.Delete].
 type DeleteRequest struct {
 	Model string `json:"model"`

@@ -218,7 +153,6 @@ type DeleteRequest struct {
 	Name string `json:"name"`
 }

-// ShowRequest is the request passed to [Client.Show].
 type ShowRequest struct {
 	Model    string `json:"model"`
 	System   string `json:"system"`
@@ -230,7 +164,6 @@ type ShowRequest struct {
 	Name string `json:"name"`
 }

-// ShowResponse is the response returned from [Client.Show].
 type ShowResponse struct {
 	License    string       `json:"license,omitempty"`
 	Modelfile  string       `json:"modelfile,omitempty"`
@@ -241,13 +174,11 @@ type ShowResponse struct {
 	Messages   []Message    `json:"messages,omitempty"`
 }

-// CopyRequest is the request passed to [Client.Copy].
 type CopyRequest struct {
 	Source      string `json:"source"`
 	Destination string `json:"destination"`
 }

-// PullRequest is the request passed to [Client.Pull].
 type PullRequest struct {
 	Model    string `json:"model"`
 	Insecure bool   `json:"insecure,omitempty"`
@@ -259,8 +190,6 @@ type PullRequest struct {
 	Name string `json:"name"`
 }

-// ProgressResponse is the response passed to progress functions like
-// [PullProgressFunc] and [PushProgressFunc].
 type ProgressResponse struct {
 	Status    string `json:"status"`
 	Digest    string `json:"digest,omitempty"`
@@ -268,7 +197,6 @@ type ProgressResponse struct {
 	Completed int64  `json:"completed,omitempty"`
 }

-// PushRequest is the request passed to [Client.Push].
 type PushRequest struct {
 	Model    string `json:"model"`
 	Insecure bool   `json:"insecure,omitempty"`
@@ -280,52 +208,34 @@ type PushRequest struct {
 	Name string `json:"name"`
 }

-// ListResponse is the response from [Client.List].
 type ListResponse struct {
 	Models []ModelResponse `json:"models"`
 }

-// ModelResponse is a single model description in [ListResponse].
 type ModelResponse struct {
 	Name       string       `json:"name"`
 	Model      string       `json:"model"`
-	ModifiedAt time.Time    `json:"modified_at,omitempty"`
+	ModifiedAt time.Time    `json:"modified_at"`
 	Size       int64        `json:"size"`
 	Digest     string       `json:"digest"`
 	Details    ModelDetails `json:"details,omitempty"`
-	ExpiresAt  time.Time    `json:"expires_at,omitempty"`
-	SizeVRAM   int64        `json:"size_vram,omitempty"`
 }

 type TokenResponse struct {
 	Token string `json:"token"`
 }

-// GenerateResponse is the response passed into [GenerateResponseFunc].
 type GenerateResponse struct {
-	// Model is the model name that generated the response.
-	Model string `json:"model"`
-
-	//CreatedAt is the timestamp of the response.
+	Model     string    `json:"model"`
 	CreatedAt time.Time `json:"created_at"`
+	Response  string    `json:"response"`

-	// Response is the textual response itself.
-	Response string `json:"response"`
-
-	// Done specifies if the response is complete.
-	Done bool `json:"done"`
-
-	// DoneReason is the reason the model stopped generating text.
-	DoneReason string `json:"done_reason,omitempty"`
-
-	// Context is an encoding of the conversation used in this response; this
-	// can be sent in the next request to keep a conversational memory.
+	Done    bool  `json:"done"`
 	Context []int `json:"context,omitempty"`

 	Metrics
 }

-// ModelDetails provides details about a model.
 type ModelDetails struct {
 	ParentModel       string   `json:"parent_model"`
 	Format            string   `json:"format"`
@@ -363,7 +273,7 @@ func (m *Metrics) Summary() {
 	}
 }

-var ErrInvalidHostPort = errors.New("invalid port specified in OLLAMA_HOST")
+var ErrInvalidOpts = fmt.Errorf("invalid options")

 func (opts *Options) FromMap(m map[string]interface{}) error {
 	valueOpts := reflect.ValueOf(opts).Elem() // names of the fields in the options struct
@@ -378,83 +288,81 @@ func (opts *Options) FromMap(m map[string]interface{}) error {
 		}
 	}

+	invalidOpts := []string{}
 	for key, val := range m {
-		opt, ok := jsonOpts[key]
-		if !ok {
-			slog.Warn("invalid option provided", "option", opt.Name)
-			continue
-		}
+		if opt, ok := jsonOpts[key]; ok {
+			field := valueOpts.FieldByName(opt.Name)
+			if field.IsValid() && field.CanSet() {
+				if val == nil {
+					continue
+				}

-		field := valueOpts.FieldByName(opt.Name)
-		if field.IsValid() && field.CanSet() {
-			if val == nil {
-				continue
-			}
-
-			switch field.Kind() {
-			case reflect.Int:
-				switch t := val.(type) {
-				case int64:
-					field.SetInt(t)
-				case float64:
-					// when JSON unmarshals numbers, it uses float64, not int
-					field.SetInt(int64(t))
-				default:
-					return fmt.Errorf("option %q must be of type integer", key)
-				}
-			case reflect.Bool:
-				val, ok := val.(bool)
-				if !ok {
-					return fmt.Errorf("option %q must be of type boolean", key)
-				}
-				field.SetBool(val)
-			case reflect.Float32:
-				// JSON unmarshals to float64
-				val, ok := val.(float64)
-				if !ok {
-					return fmt.Errorf("option %q must be of type float32", key)
-				}
-				field.SetFloat(val)
-			case reflect.String:
-				val, ok := val.(string)
-				if !ok {
-					return fmt.Errorf("option %q must be of type string", key)
-				}
-				field.SetString(val)
-			case reflect.Slice:
-				// JSON unmarshals to []interface{}, not []string
-				val, ok := val.([]interface{})
-				if !ok {
-					return fmt.Errorf("option %q must be of type array", key)
-				}
-				// convert []interface{} to []string
-				slice := make([]string, len(val))
-				for i, item := range val {
-					str, ok := item.(string)
-					if !ok {
-						return fmt.Errorf("option %q must be of an array of strings", key)
+				switch field.Kind() {
+				case reflect.Int:
+					switch t := val.(type) {
+					case int64:
+						field.SetInt(t)
+					case float64:
+						// when JSON unmarshals numbers, it uses float64, not int
+						field.SetInt(int64(t))
+					default:
+						return fmt.Errorf("option %q must be of type integer", key)
 					}
-					slice[i] = str
+				case reflect.Bool:
+					val, ok := val.(bool)
+					if !ok {
+						return fmt.Errorf("option %q must be of type boolean", key)
+					}
+					field.SetBool(val)
+				case reflect.Float32:
+					// JSON unmarshals to float64
+					val, ok := val.(float64)
+					if !ok {
+						return fmt.Errorf("option %q must be of type float32", key)
+					}
+					field.SetFloat(val)
+				case reflect.String:
+					val, ok := val.(string)
+					if !ok {
+						return fmt.Errorf("option %q must be of type string", key)
+					}
+					field.SetString(val)
+				case reflect.Slice:
+					// JSON unmarshals to []interface{}, not []string
+					val, ok := val.([]interface{})
+					if !ok {
+						return fmt.Errorf("option %q must be of type array", key)
+					}
+					// convert []interface{} to []string
+					slice := make([]string, len(val))
+					for i, item := range val {
+						str, ok := item.(string)
+						if !ok {
+							return fmt.Errorf("option %q must be of an array of strings", key)
+						}
+						slice[i] = str
+					}
+					field.Set(reflect.ValueOf(slice))
+				default:
+					return fmt.Errorf("unknown type loading config params: %v", field.Kind())
 				}
-				field.Set(reflect.ValueOf(slice))
-			default:
-				return fmt.Errorf("unknown type loading config params: %v", field.Kind())
 			}
+		} else {
+			invalidOpts = append(invalidOpts, key)
 		}
 	}

+	if len(invalidOpts) > 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %v", ErrInvalidOpts, strings.Join(invalidOpts, ", "))
+	}
 	return nil
 }

-// DefaultOptions is the default set of options for [GenerateRequest]; these
-// values are used unless the user specifies other values explicitly.
 func DefaultOptions() Options {
 	return Options{
 		// options set on request to runner
-		NumPredict: -1,
-
-		// set a minimal num_keep to avoid issues on context shifts
-		NumKeep:          4,
+		NumPredict:       -1,
+		NumKeep:          0,
 		Temperature:      0.8,
 		TopK:             40,
 		TopP:             0.9,
@@ -472,15 +380,16 @@ func DefaultOptions() Options {

 		Runner: Runner{
 			// options set when the model is loaded
-			NumCtx:    2048,
-			NumBatch:  512,
-			NumGPU:    -1, // -1 here indicates that NumGPU should be set dynamically
-			NumThread: 0,  // let the runtime decide
-			LowVRAM:   false,
-			F16KV:     true,
-			UseMLock:  false,
-			UseMMap:   true,
-			UseNUMA:   false,
+			NumCtx:             2048,
+			NumBatch:           512,
+			NumGPU:             -1, // -1 here indicates that NumGPU should be set dynamically
+			NumGQA:             1,
+			NumThread:          0, // let the runtime decide
+			LowVRAM:            false,
+			F16KV:              true,
+			UseMLock:           false,
+			UseMMap:            true,
+			UseNUMA:            false,
 		},
 	}
 }
@@ -489,13 +398,6 @@ type Duration struct {
 	time.Duration
 }

-func (d Duration) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
-	if d.Duration < 0 {
-		return []byte("-1"), nil
-	}
-	return []byte("\"" + d.Duration.String() + "\""), nil
-}
-
 func (d *Duration) UnmarshalJSON(b []byte) (err error) {
 	var v any
 	if err := json.Unmarshal(b, &v); err != nil {
@@ -509,7 +411,7 @@ func (d *Duration) UnmarshalJSON(b []byte) (err error) {
 		if t < 0 {
 			d.Duration = time.Duration(math.MaxInt64)
 		} else {
-			d.Duration = time.Duration(int(t) * int(time.Second))
+			d.Duration = time.Duration(t * float64(time.Second))
 		}
 	case string:
 		d.Duration, err = time.ParseDuration(t)
@@ -519,8 +421,6 @@ func (d *Duration) UnmarshalJSON(b []byte) (err error) {
 		if d.Duration < 0 {
 			d.Duration = time.Duration(math.MaxInt64)
 		}
-	default:
-		return fmt.Errorf("Unsupported type: '%s'", reflect.TypeOf(v))
 	}

 	return nil
--- a/api/types_test.go
+++ b/api/types_test.go
@@ -21,11 +21,6 @@ func TestKeepAliveParsingFromJSON(t *testing.T) {
 			req:  `{ "keep_alive": 42 }`,
 			exp:  &Duration{42 * time.Second},
 		},
-		{
-			name: "Positive Float",
-			req:  `{ "keep_alive": 42.5 }`,
-			exp:  &Duration{42 * time.Second},
-		},
 		{
 			name: "Positive Integer String",
 			req:  `{ "keep_alive": "42m" }`,
@@ -36,11 +31,6 @@ func TestKeepAliveParsingFromJSON(t *testing.T) {
 			req:  `{ "keep_alive": -1 }`,
 			exp:  &Duration{math.MaxInt64},
 		},
-		{
-			name: "Negative Float",
-			req:  `{ "keep_alive": -3.14 }`,
-			exp:  &Duration{math.MaxInt64},
-		},
 		{
 			name: "Negative Integer String",
 			req:  `{ "keep_alive": "-1m" }`,
@@ -58,50 +48,3 @@ func TestKeepAliveParsingFromJSON(t *testing.T) {
 		})
 	}
 }
-
-func TestDurationMarshalUnmarshal(t *testing.T) {
-	tests := []struct {
-		name     string
-		input    time.Duration
-		expected time.Duration
-	}{
-		{
-			"negative duration",
-			time.Duration(-1),
-			time.Duration(math.MaxInt64),
-		},
-		{
-			"positive duration",
-			time.Duration(42 * time.Second),
-			time.Duration(42 * time.Second),
-		},
-		{
-			"another positive duration",
-			time.Duration(42 * time.Minute),
-			time.Duration(42 * time.Minute),
-		},
-		{
-			"zero duration",
-			time.Duration(0),
-			time.Duration(0),
-		},
-		{
-			"max duration",
-			time.Duration(math.MaxInt64),
-			time.Duration(math.MaxInt64),
-		},
-	}
-
-	for _, test := range tests {
-		t.Run(test.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			b, err := json.Marshal(Duration{test.input})
-			require.NoError(t, err)
-
-			var d Duration
-			err = json.Unmarshal(b, &d)
-			require.NoError(t, err)
-
-			assert.Equal(t, test.expected, d.Duration, "input %v, marshalled %v, got %v", test.input, string(b), d.Duration)
-		})
-	}
-}
--- a/app/lifecycle/logging.go
+++ b/app/lifecycle/logging.go
@@ -5,14 +5,12 @@ import (
 	"log/slog"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
-
-	"github.com/ollama/ollama/envconfig"
 )

 func InitLogging() {
 	level := slog.LevelInfo

-	if envconfig.Debug {
+	if debug := os.Getenv("OLLAMA_DEBUG"); debug != "" {
 		level = slog.LevelDebug
 	}

--- a/app/lifecycle/server.go
+++ b/app/lifecycle/server.go
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import (
 	"os"
 	"os/exec"
 	"path/filepath"
+	"syscall"
 	"time"

 	"github.com/ollama/ollama/api"
@@ -43,36 +44,37 @@ func getCLIFullPath(command string) string {
 	return command
 }

-func start(ctx context.Context, command string) (*exec.Cmd, error) {
+func SpawnServer(ctx context.Context, command string) (chan int, error) {
+	done := make(chan int)
+
+	logDir := filepath.Dir(ServerLogFile)
+	_, err := os.Stat(logDir)
+	if errors.Is(err, os.ErrNotExist) {
+		if err := os.MkdirAll(logDir, 0o755); err != nil {
+			return done, fmt.Errorf("create ollama server log dir %s: %v", logDir, err)
+		}
+	}
+
 	cmd := getCmd(ctx, getCLIFullPath(command))
+	// send stdout and stderr to a file
 	stdout, err := cmd.StdoutPipe()
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to spawn server stdout pipe: %w", err)
+		return done, fmt.Errorf("failed to spawn server stdout pipe %s", err)
 	}
 	stderr, err := cmd.StderrPipe()
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to spawn server stderr pipe: %w", err)
+		return done, fmt.Errorf("failed to spawn server stderr pipe %s", err)
+	}
+	stdin, err := cmd.StdinPipe()
+	if err != nil {
+		return done, fmt.Errorf("failed to spawn server stdin pipe %s", err)
 	}

 	// TODO - rotation
 	logFile, err := os.OpenFile(ServerLogFile, os.O_APPEND|os.O_WRONLY|os.O_CREATE, 0755)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create server log: %w", err)
+		return done, fmt.Errorf("failed to create server log %w", err)
 	}
-
-	logDir := filepath.Dir(ServerLogFile)
-	_, err = os.Stat(logDir)
-	if err != nil {
-		if !errors.Is(err, os.ErrNotExist) {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("stat ollama server log dir %s: %v", logDir, err)
-
-		}
-
-		if err := os.MkdirAll(logDir, 0o755); err != nil {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("create ollama server log dir %s: %v", logDir, err)
-		}
-	}
-
 	go func() {
 		defer logFile.Close()
 		io.Copy(logFile, stdout) //nolint:errcheck
@@ -85,29 +87,19 @@ func start(ctx context.Context, command string) (*exec.Cmd, error) {
 	// Re-wire context done behavior to attempt a graceful shutdown of the server
 	cmd.Cancel = func() error {
 		if cmd.Process != nil {
-			err := terminate(cmd)
-			if err != nil {
-				slog.Warn("error trying to gracefully terminate server", "err", err)
-				return cmd.Process.Kill()
-			}
-
+			cmd.Process.Signal(os.Interrupt) //nolint:errcheck
 			tick := time.NewTicker(10 * time.Millisecond)
 			defer tick.Stop()
-
 			for {
 				select {
 				case <-tick.C:
-					exited, err := isProcessExited(cmd.Process.Pid)
-					if err != nil {
-						return err
-					}
-
-					if exited {
-						return nil
+					// OS agnostic "is it still running"
+					if proc, err := os.FindProcess(int(cmd.Process.Pid)); err != nil || errors.Is(proc.Signal(syscall.Signal(0)), os.ErrProcessDone) {
+						return nil //nolint:nilerr
 					}
 				case <-time.After(5 * time.Second):
 					slog.Warn("graceful server shutdown timeout, killing", "pid", cmd.Process.Pid)
-					return cmd.Process.Kill()
+					cmd.Process.Kill() //nolint:errcheck
 				}
 			}
 		}
@@ -116,33 +108,19 @@ func start(ctx context.Context, command string) (*exec.Cmd, error) {

 	// run the command and wait for it to finish
 	if err := cmd.Start(); err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to start server %w", err)
+		return done, fmt.Errorf("failed to start server %w", err)
 	}
 	if cmd.Process != nil {
 		slog.Info(fmt.Sprintf("started ollama server with pid %d", cmd.Process.Pid))
 	}
 	slog.Info(fmt.Sprintf("ollama server logs %s", ServerLogFile))

-	return cmd, nil
-}
-
-func SpawnServer(ctx context.Context, command string) (chan int, error) {
-	done := make(chan int)
-
 	go func() {
 		// Keep the server running unless we're shuttind down the app
 		crashCount := 0
 		for {
-			slog.Info("starting server...")
-			cmd, err := start(ctx, command)
-			if err != nil {
-				crashCount++
-				slog.Error(fmt.Sprintf("failed to start server %s", err))
-				time.Sleep(500 * time.Millisecond * time.Duration(crashCount))
-				continue
-			}
-
 			cmd.Wait() //nolint:errcheck
+			stdin.Close()
 			var code int
 			if cmd.ProcessState != nil {
 				code = cmd.ProcessState.ExitCode()
@@ -156,12 +134,15 @@ func SpawnServer(ctx context.Context, command string) (chan int, error) {
 			default:
 				crashCount++
 				slog.Warn(fmt.Sprintf("server crash %d - exit code %d - respawning", crashCount, code))
-				time.Sleep(500 * time.Millisecond * time.Duration(crashCount))
-				break
+				time.Sleep(500 * time.Millisecond)
+				if err := cmd.Start(); err != nil {
+					slog.Error(fmt.Sprintf("failed to restart server %s", err))
+					// Keep trying, but back off if we keep failing
+					time.Sleep(time.Duration(crashCount) * time.Second)
+				}
 			}
 		}
 	}()
-
 	return done, nil
 }

--- a/app/lifecycle/server_unix.go
+++ b/app/lifecycle/server_unix.go
@@ -4,35 +4,9 @@ package lifecycle

 import (
 	"context"
-	"errors"
-	"fmt"
-	"os"
 	"os/exec"
-	"syscall"
 )

 func getCmd(ctx context.Context, cmd string) *exec.Cmd {
 	return exec.CommandContext(ctx, cmd, "serve")
 }
-
-func terminate(cmd *exec.Cmd) error {
-	return cmd.Process.Signal(os.Interrupt)
-}
-
-func isProcessExited(pid int) (bool, error) {
-	proc, err := os.FindProcess(pid)
-	if err != nil {
-		return false, fmt.Errorf("failed to find process: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	err = proc.Signal(syscall.Signal(0))
-	if err != nil {
-		if errors.Is(err, os.ErrProcessDone) || errors.Is(err, syscall.ESRCH) {
-			return true, nil
-		}
-
-		return false, fmt.Errorf("error signaling process: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	return false, nil
-}
--- a/app/lifecycle/server_windows.go
+++ b/app/lifecycle/server_windows.go
@@ -2,88 +2,12 @@ package lifecycle

 import (
 	"context"
-	"fmt"
 	"os/exec"
 	"syscall"
-
-	"golang.org/x/sys/windows"
 )

 func getCmd(ctx context.Context, exePath string) *exec.Cmd {
 	cmd := exec.CommandContext(ctx, exePath, "serve")
-	cmd.SysProcAttr = &syscall.SysProcAttr{
-		HideWindow:    true,
-		CreationFlags: windows.CREATE_NEW_PROCESS_GROUP,
-	}
-
+	cmd.SysProcAttr = &syscall.SysProcAttr{HideWindow: true, CreationFlags: 0x08000000}
 	return cmd
 }
-
-func terminate(cmd *exec.Cmd) error {
-	dll, err := windows.LoadDLL("kernel32.dll")
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	defer dll.Release() // nolint: errcheck
-
-	pid := cmd.Process.Pid
-
-	f, err := dll.FindProc("AttachConsole")
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	r1, _, err := f.Call(uintptr(pid))
-	if r1 == 0 && err != syscall.ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	f, err = dll.FindProc("SetConsoleCtrlHandler")
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	r1, _, err = f.Call(0, 1)
-	if r1 == 0 {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	f, err = dll.FindProc("GenerateConsoleCtrlEvent")
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	r1, _, err = f.Call(windows.CTRL_BREAK_EVENT, uintptr(pid))
-	if r1 == 0 {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	r1, _, err = f.Call(windows.CTRL_C_EVENT, uintptr(pid))
-	if r1 == 0 {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-const STILL_ACTIVE = 259
-
-func isProcessExited(pid int) (bool, error) {
-	hProcess, err := windows.OpenProcess(windows.PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION, false, uint32(pid))
-	if err != nil {
-		return false, fmt.Errorf("failed to open process: %v", err)
-	}
-	defer windows.CloseHandle(hProcess) // nolint: errcheck
-
-	var exitCode uint32
-	err = windows.GetExitCodeProcess(hProcess, &exitCode)
-	if err != nil {
-		return false, fmt.Errorf("failed to get exit code: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	if exitCode == STILL_ACTIVE {
-		return false, nil
-	}
-
-	return true, nil
-}
--- a/app/lifecycle/updater_windows.go
+++ b/app/lifecycle/updater_windows.go
@@ -31,13 +31,16 @@ func DoUpgrade(cancel context.CancelFunc, done chan int) error {
 		"/LOG=" + filepath.Base(UpgradeLogFile), // Only relative seems reliable, so set pwd
 		"/FORCECLOSEAPPLICATIONS",               // Force close the tray app - might be needed
 	}
-	// make the upgrade as quiet as possible (no GUI, no prompts)
+	// When we're not in debug mode, make the upgrade as quiet as possible (no GUI, no prompts)
+	// TODO - temporarily disable since we're pinning in debug mode for the preview
+	// if debug := os.Getenv("OLLAMA_DEBUG"); debug == "" {
 	installArgs = append(installArgs,
 		"/SP", // Skip the "This will install... Do you wish to continue" prompt
 		"/SUPPRESSMSGBOXES",
 		"/SILENT",
 		"/VERYSILENT",
 	)
+	// }

 	// Safeguard in case we have requests in flight that need to drain...
 	slog.Info("Waiting for server to shutdown")
--- a/app/ollama.iss
+++ b/app/ollama.iss
@@ -88,12 +88,15 @@ DialogFontSize=12
 [Files]
 Source: ".\app.exe"; DestDir: "{app}"; DestName: "{#MyAppExeName}" ; Flags: ignoreversion 64bit
 Source: "..\ollama.exe"; DestDir: "{app}"; Flags: ignoreversion 64bit
-Source: "..\dist\windows-{#ARCH}\*.dll"; DestDir: "{app}"; Flags: ignoreversion 64bit
-Source: "..\dist\windows-{#ARCH}\ollama_runners\*"; DestDir: "{app}\ollama_runners"; Flags: ignoreversion 64bit recursesubdirs
+Source: "..\dist\windeps\*.dll"; DestDir: "{app}"; Flags: ignoreversion 64bit
 Source: "..\dist\ollama_welcome.ps1"; DestDir: "{app}"; Flags: ignoreversion
 Source: ".\assets\app.ico"; DestDir: "{app}"; Flags: ignoreversion
-#if DirExists("..\dist\windows-amd64\rocm")
-  Source: "..\dist\windows-amd64\rocm\*"; DestDir: "{app}\rocm\"; Flags: ignoreversion recursesubdirs
+; Assumes v5.7, may need adjustments for v6
+#if GetEnv("HIP_PATH") != ""
+  Source: "{#GetEnv('HIP_PATH')}\bin\hipblas.dll"; DestDir: "{app}\rocm\"; Flags: ignoreversion
+  Source: "{#GetEnv('HIP_PATH')}\bin\rocblas.dll"; DestDir: "{app}\rocm\"; Flags: ignoreversion
+  ; amdhip64.dll dependency comes from the driver and must be installed already
+  Source: "{#GetEnv('HIP_PATH')}\bin\rocblas\library\*"; DestDir: "{app}\rocm\rocblas\library\"; Flags: ignoreversion
 #endif


@@ -129,7 +132,7 @@ SetupAppRunningError=Another Ollama installer is running.%n%nPlease cancel or fi


 ;FinishedHeadingLabel=Run your first model
-;FinishedLabel=%nRun this command in a PowerShell or cmd terminal.%n%n%n    ollama run llama3
+;FinishedLabel=%nRun this command in a PowerShell or cmd terminal.%n%n%n    ollama run llama2
 ;ClickFinish=%n

 [Registry]
--- a/app/tray/tray.go
+++ b/app/tray/tray.go
@@ -24,5 +24,10 @@ func NewTray() (commontray.OllamaTray, error) {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to load icon %s: %w", iconName, err)
 	}

-	return InitPlatformTray(icon, updateIcon)
+	tray, err := InitPlatformTray(icon, updateIcon)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return tray, nil
 }
--- a/app/tray/wintray/menus.go
+++ b/app/tray/wintray/menus.go
@@ -1,71 +1,71 @@
-//go:build windows
-
-package wintray
-
-import (
-	"fmt"
-	"log/slog"
-	"unsafe"
-
-	"golang.org/x/sys/windows"
-)
-
-const (
-	updatAvailableMenuID = 1
-	updateMenuID         = updatAvailableMenuID + 1
-	separatorMenuID      = updateMenuID + 1
-	diagLogsMenuID       = separatorMenuID + 1
-	diagSeparatorMenuID  = diagLogsMenuID + 1
-	quitMenuID           = diagSeparatorMenuID + 1
-)
-
-func (t *winTray) initMenus() error {
-	if err := t.addOrUpdateMenuItem(diagLogsMenuID, 0, diagLogsMenuTitle, false); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("unable to create menu entries %w\n", err)
-	}
-	if err := t.addSeparatorMenuItem(diagSeparatorMenuID, 0); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("unable to create menu entries %w", err)
-	}
-	if err := t.addOrUpdateMenuItem(quitMenuID, 0, quitMenuTitle, false); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("unable to create menu entries %w\n", err)
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (t *winTray) UpdateAvailable(ver string) error {
-	if !t.updateNotified {
-		slog.Debug("updating menu and sending notification for new update")
-		if err := t.addOrUpdateMenuItem(updatAvailableMenuID, 0, updateAvailableMenuTitle, true); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("unable to create menu entries %w", err)
-		}
-		if err := t.addOrUpdateMenuItem(updateMenuID, 0, updateMenutTitle, false); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("unable to create menu entries %w", err)
-		}
-		if err := t.addSeparatorMenuItem(separatorMenuID, 0); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("unable to create menu entries %w", err)
-		}
-		iconFilePath, err := iconBytesToFilePath(wt.updateIcon)
-		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("unable to write icon data to temp file: %w", err)
-		}
-		if err := wt.setIcon(iconFilePath); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("unable to set icon: %w", err)
-		}
-		t.updateNotified = true
-
-		t.pendingUpdate = true
-		// Now pop up the notification
-		t.muNID.Lock()
-		defer t.muNID.Unlock()
-		copy(t.nid.InfoTitle[:], windows.StringToUTF16(updateTitle))
-		copy(t.nid.Info[:], windows.StringToUTF16(fmt.Sprintf(updateMessage, ver)))
-		t.nid.Flags |= NIF_INFO
-		t.nid.Timeout = 10
-		t.nid.Size = uint32(unsafe.Sizeof(*wt.nid))
-		err = t.nid.modify()
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-	return nil
-}
+//go:build windows
+
+package wintray
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"log/slog"
+	"unsafe"
+
+	"golang.org/x/sys/windows"
+)
+
+const (
+	updatAvailableMenuID = 1
+	updateMenuID         = updatAvailableMenuID + 1
+	separatorMenuID      = updateMenuID + 1
+	diagLogsMenuID       = separatorMenuID + 1
+	diagSeparatorMenuID  = diagLogsMenuID + 1
+	quitMenuID           = diagSeparatorMenuID + 1
+)
+
+func (t *winTray) initMenus() error {
+	if err := t.addOrUpdateMenuItem(diagLogsMenuID, 0, diagLogsMenuTitle, false); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("unable to create menu entries %w\n", err)
+	}
+	if err := t.addSeparatorMenuItem(diagSeparatorMenuID, 0); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("unable to create menu entries %w", err)
+	}
+	if err := t.addOrUpdateMenuItem(quitMenuID, 0, quitMenuTitle, false); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("unable to create menu entries %w\n", err)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (t *winTray) UpdateAvailable(ver string) error {
+	if !t.updateNotified {
+		slog.Debug("updating menu and sending notification for new update")
+		if err := t.addOrUpdateMenuItem(updatAvailableMenuID, 0, updateAvailableMenuTitle, true); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("unable to create menu entries %w", err)
+		}
+		if err := t.addOrUpdateMenuItem(updateMenuID, 0, updateMenutTitle, false); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("unable to create menu entries %w", err)
+		}
+		if err := t.addSeparatorMenuItem(separatorMenuID, 0); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("unable to create menu entries %w", err)
+		}
+		iconFilePath, err := iconBytesToFilePath(wt.updateIcon)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("unable to write icon data to temp file: %w", err)
+		}
+		if err := wt.setIcon(iconFilePath); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("unable to set icon: %w", err)
+		}
+		t.updateNotified = true
+
+		t.pendingUpdate = true
+		// Now pop up the notification
+		t.muNID.Lock()
+		defer t.muNID.Unlock()
+		copy(t.nid.InfoTitle[:], windows.StringToUTF16(updateTitle))
+		copy(t.nid.Info[:], windows.StringToUTF16(fmt.Sprintf(updateMessage, ver)))
+		t.nid.Flags |= NIF_INFO
+		t.nid.Timeout = 10
+		t.nid.Size = uint32(unsafe.Sizeof(*wt.nid))
+		err = t.nid.modify()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
--- a/auth/auth.go
+++ b/auth/auth.go
@@ -10,44 +10,12 @@ import (
 	"log/slog"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
-	"strings"

 	"golang.org/x/crypto/ssh"
 )

 const defaultPrivateKey = "id_ed25519"

-func keyPath() (string, error) {
-	home, err := os.UserHomeDir()
-	if err != nil {
-		return "", err
-	}
-
-	return filepath.Join(home, ".ollama", defaultPrivateKey), nil
-}
-
-func GetPublicKey() (string, error) {
-	keyPath, err := keyPath()
-	if err != nil {
-		return "", err
-	}
-
-	privateKeyFile, err := os.ReadFile(keyPath)
-	if err != nil {
-		slog.Info(fmt.Sprintf("Failed to load private key: %v", err))
-		return "", err
-	}
-
-	privateKey, err := ssh.ParsePrivateKey(privateKeyFile)
-	if err != nil {
-		return "", err
-	}
-
-	publicKey := ssh.MarshalAuthorizedKey(privateKey.PublicKey())
-
-	return strings.TrimSpace(string(publicKey)), nil
-}
-
 func NewNonce(r io.Reader, length int) (string, error) {
 	nonce := make([]byte, length)
 	if _, err := io.ReadFull(r, nonce); err != nil {
@@ -58,11 +26,13 @@ func NewNonce(r io.Reader, length int) (string, error) {
 }

 func Sign(ctx context.Context, bts []byte) (string, error) {
-	keyPath, err := keyPath()
+	home, err := os.UserHomeDir()
 	if err != nil {
 		return "", err
 	}

+	keyPath := filepath.Join(home, ".ollama", defaultPrivateKey)
+
 	privateKeyFile, err := os.ReadFile(keyPath)
 	if err != nil {
 		slog.Info(fmt.Sprintf("Failed to load private key: %v", err))
--- a/build.go
+++ b/build.go
@@ -0,0 +1,192 @@
+//go:build ignore
+
+package main
+
+import (
+	"cmp"
+	"errors"
+	"flag"
+	"log"
+	"os"
+	"os/exec"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"runtime"
+)
+
+// Flags
+var (
+	flagForce     = flag.Bool("f", false, "force re-generation of dependencies")
+	flagSkipBuild = flag.Bool("d", false, "generate dependencies only (e.g. skip 'go build .')")
+
+	// Flags to set GOARCH and GOOS explicitly for cross-platform builds,
+	// e.g., in CI to target a different platform than the build matrix
+	// default. These allows us to run generate without a separate build
+	// step for building the script binary for the host ARCH and then
+	// runing the generate script for the target ARCH. Instead, we can
+	// just run `go run build.go -target=$GOARCH` to generate the
+	// deps.
+	flagGOARCH = flag.String("target", "", "sets GOARCH to use when generating dependencies and building")
+)
+
+func buildEnv() []string {
+	return append(os.Environ(),
+		"GOARCH="+cmp.Or(*flagGOARCH, runtime.GOARCH),
+	)
+}
+
+func main() {
+	log.SetFlags(0)
+	flag.Usage = func() {
+		log.Printf("Usage: go run build.go [flags]")
+		log.Println()
+		log.Println("Flags:")
+		flag.PrintDefaults()
+		log.Println()
+		log.Println("This script builds the Ollama server binary and generates the llama.cpp")
+		log.Println("bindings for the current platform. It assumes that the current working")
+		log.Println("directory is the root directory of the Ollama project.")
+		log.Println()
+		log.Println("If the -d flag is provided, the script will only generate the dependencies")
+		log.Println("and skip building the Ollama server binary.")
+		log.Println()
+		log.Println("If the -f flag is provided, the script will force re-generation of the")
+		log.Println("dependencies.")
+		log.Println()
+		log.Println("If the -target flag is provided, the script will set GOARCH to the value")
+		log.Println("of the flag. This is useful for cross-platform builds.")
+		log.Println()
+		log.Println("The script will check for the required dependencies (cmake, gcc) and")
+		log.Println("print their version.")
+		log.Println()
+		log.Println("The script will also check if it is being run from the root directory of")
+		log.Println("the Ollama project.")
+		log.Println()
+		os.Exit(1)
+	}
+	flag.Parse()
+
+	log.Printf("=== Building Ollama ===")
+	defer func() {
+		log.Printf("=== Done building Ollama ===")
+		log.Println()
+		log.Println("To run the Ollama server, use:")
+		log.Println()
+		log.Println("    ./ollama serve")
+		log.Println()
+	}()
+
+	if flag.NArg() > 0 {
+		flag.Usage()
+	}
+
+	if !inRootDir() {
+		log.Fatalf("Please run this script from the root directory of the Ollama project.")
+	}
+
+	if err := checkDependencies(); err != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("Failed dependency check: %v", err)
+	}
+	if err := buildLlammaCPP(); err != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("Failed to build llama.cpp: %v", err)
+	}
+	if err := goBuildOllama(); err != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("Failed to build ollama Go binary: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+// checkDependencies does a quick check to see if the required dependencies are
+// installed on the system and functioning enough to print their version.
+//
+// TODO(bmizerany): Check the actual version of the dependencies? Seems a
+// little daunting given diff versions might print diff things. This should
+// be good enough for now.
+func checkDependencies() error {
+	var err error
+	check := func(name string, args ...string) {
+		log.Printf("=== Checking for %s ===", name)
+		defer log.Printf("=== Done checking for %s ===\n\n", name)
+		cmd := exec.Command(name, args...)
+		cmd.Stdout = os.Stdout
+		cmd.Stderr = os.Stderr
+		err = errors.Join(err, cmd.Run())
+	}
+
+	check("cmake", "--version")
+	check("gcc", "--version")
+	return err
+}
+
+func goBuildOllama() error {
+	log.Println("=== Building Ollama binary ===")
+	defer log.Printf("=== Done building Ollama binary ===\n\n")
+	if *flagSkipBuild {
+		log.Println("Skipping 'go build -o ollama .'")
+		return nil
+	}
+	cmd := exec.Command("go", "build", "-o", "ollama", ".")
+	cmd.Stdout = os.Stdout
+	cmd.Stderr = os.Stderr
+	cmd.Env = buildEnv()
+	return cmd.Run()
+}
+
+// buildLlammaCPP generates the llama.cpp bindings for the current platform.
+//
+// It assumes that the current working directory is the root directory of the
+// Ollama project.
+func buildLlammaCPP() error {
+	log.Println("=== Generating dependencies ===")
+	defer log.Printf("=== Done generating dependencies ===\n\n")
+	if *flagForce {
+		if err := os.RemoveAll(filepath.Join("llm", "build")); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	if isDirectory(filepath.Join("llm", "build")) {
+		log.Println("llm/build already exists; skipping.  Use -f to force re-generate.")
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	scriptDir, err := filepath.Abs(filepath.Join("llm", "generate"))
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	var cmd *exec.Cmd
+	switch runtime.GOOS {
+	case "windows":
+		script := filepath.Join(scriptDir, "gen_windows.ps1")
+		cmd = exec.Command("powershell", "-ExecutionPolicy", "Bypass", "-File", script)
+	case "linux":
+		script := filepath.Join(scriptDir, "gen_linux.sh")
+		cmd = exec.Command("bash", script)
+	case "darwin":
+		script := filepath.Join(scriptDir, "gen_darwin.sh")
+		cmd = exec.Command("bash", script)
+	default:
+		log.Fatalf("Unsupported OS: %s", runtime.GOOS)
+	}
+	cmd.Dir = filepath.Join("llm", "generate")
+	cmd.Stdout = os.Stdout
+	cmd.Stderr = os.Stderr
+	cmd.Env = buildEnv()
+
+	log.Printf("Running GOOS=%s GOARCH=%s %s", runtime.GOOS, runtime.GOARCH, cmd.Args)
+
+	return cmd.Run()
+}
+
+func isDirectory(path string) bool {
+	info, err := os.Stat(path)
+	if err != nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	return info.IsDir()
+}
+
+// inRootDir returns true if the current working directory is the root
+// directory of the Ollama project. It looks for a file named "go.mod".
+func inRootDir() bool {
+	_, err := os.Stat("go.mod")
+	return err == nil
+}
--- a/cmd/cmd.go
+++ b/cmd/cmd.go
@@ -12,20 +12,18 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"log"
-	"math"
 	"net"
 	"net/http"
 	"os"
 	"os/signal"
 	"path/filepath"
-	"regexp"
 	"runtime"
 	"strings"
 	"syscall"
 	"time"

 	"github.com/containerd/console"
-	"github.com/mattn/go-runewidth"
+
 	"github.com/olekukonko/tablewriter"
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
 	"golang.org/x/crypto/ssh"
@@ -33,14 +31,10 @@ import (
 	"golang.org/x/term"

 	"github.com/ollama/ollama/api"
-	"github.com/ollama/ollama/auth"
-	"github.com/ollama/ollama/envconfig"
 	"github.com/ollama/ollama/format"
 	"github.com/ollama/ollama/parser"
 	"github.com/ollama/ollama/progress"
 	"github.com/ollama/ollama/server"
-	"github.com/ollama/ollama/types/errtypes"
-	"github.com/ollama/ollama/types/model"
 	"github.com/ollama/ollama/version"
 )

@@ -59,13 +53,14 @@ func CreateHandler(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 	p := progress.NewProgress(os.Stderr)
 	defer p.Stop()

-	f, err := os.Open(filename)
+	bars := make(map[string]*progress.Bar)
+
+	modelfile, err := os.ReadFile(filename)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	defer f.Close()

-	modelfile, err := parser.ParseFile(f)
+	commands, err := parser.Parse(bytes.NewReader(modelfile))
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -79,10 +74,10 @@ func CreateHandler(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 	spinner := progress.NewSpinner(status)
 	p.Add(status, spinner)

-	for i := range modelfile.Commands {
-		switch modelfile.Commands[i].Name {
+	for _, c := range commands {
+		switch c.Name {
 		case "model", "adapter":
-			path := modelfile.Commands[i].Args
+			path := c.Args
 			if path == "~" {
 				path = home
 			} else if strings.HasPrefix(path, "~/") {
@@ -94,22 +89,77 @@ func CreateHandler(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 			}

 			fi, err := os.Stat(path)
-			if errors.Is(err, os.ErrNotExist) && modelfile.Commands[i].Name == "model" {
+			if errors.Is(err, os.ErrNotExist) && c.Name == "model" {
 				continue
 			} else if err != nil {
 				return err
 			}

+			// TODO make this work w/ adapters
 			if fi.IsDir() {
-				// this is likely a safetensors or pytorch directory
-				// TODO make this work w/ adapters
-				tempfile, err := tempZipFiles(path)
+				tf, err := os.CreateTemp("", "ollama-tf")
 				if err != nil {
 					return err
 				}
-				defer os.RemoveAll(tempfile)
+				defer os.RemoveAll(tf.Name())

-				path = tempfile
+				zf := zip.NewWriter(tf)
+
+				files, err := filepath.Glob(filepath.Join(path, "model-*.safetensors"))
+				if err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
+
+				if len(files) == 0 {
+					return fmt.Errorf("no safetensors files were found in '%s'", path)
+				}
+
+				// add the safetensor config file + tokenizer
+				files = append(files, filepath.Join(path, "config.json"))
+				files = append(files, filepath.Join(path, "added_tokens.json"))
+				files = append(files, filepath.Join(path, "tokenizer.model"))
+
+				for _, fn := range files {
+					f, err := os.Open(fn)
+					if os.IsNotExist(err) && strings.HasSuffix(fn, "added_tokens.json") {
+						continue
+					} else if err != nil {
+						return err
+					}
+
+					fi, err := f.Stat()
+					if err != nil {
+						return err
+					}
+
+					h, err := zip.FileInfoHeader(fi)
+					if err != nil {
+						return err
+					}
+
+					h.Name = filepath.Base(fn)
+					h.Method = zip.Store
+
+					w, err := zf.CreateHeader(h)
+					if err != nil {
+						return err
+					}
+
+					_, err = io.Copy(w, f)
+					if err != nil {
+						return err
+					}
+
+				}
+
+				if err := zf.Close(); err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
+
+				if err := tf.Close(); err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
+				path = tf.Name()
 			}

 			digest, err := createBlob(cmd, client, path)
@@ -117,11 +167,10 @@ func CreateHandler(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 				return err
 			}

-			modelfile.Commands[i].Args = "@" + digest
+			modelfile = bytes.ReplaceAll(modelfile, []byte(c.Args), []byte("@"+digest))
 		}
 	}

-	bars := make(map[string]*progress.Bar)
 	fn := func(resp api.ProgressResponse) error {
 		if resp.Digest != "" {
 			spinner.Stop()
@@ -145,9 +194,7 @@ func CreateHandler(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 		return nil
 	}

-	quantize, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString("quantize")
-
-	request := api.CreateRequest{Name: args[0], Modelfile: modelfile.String(), Quantize: quantize}
+	request := api.CreateRequest{Name: args[0], Modelfile: string(modelfile)}
 	if err := client.Create(cmd.Context(), &request, fn); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -155,114 +202,6 @@ func CreateHandler(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 	return nil
 }

-func tempZipFiles(path string) (string, error) {
-	tempfile, err := os.CreateTemp("", "ollama-tf")
-	if err != nil {
-		return "", err
-	}
-	defer tempfile.Close()
-
-	zipfile := zip.NewWriter(tempfile)
-	defer zipfile.Close()
-
-	detectContentType := func(path string) (string, error) {
-		f, err := os.Open(path)
-		if err != nil {
-			return "", err
-		}
-		defer f.Close()
-
-		var b bytes.Buffer
-		b.Grow(512)
-
-		if _, err := io.CopyN(&b, f, 512); err != nil && !errors.Is(err, io.EOF) {
-			return "", err
-		}
-
-		contentType, _, _ := strings.Cut(http.DetectContentType(b.Bytes()), ";")
-		return contentType, nil
-	}
-
-	glob := func(pattern, contentType string) ([]string, error) {
-		matches, err := filepath.Glob(pattern)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-
-		for _, safetensor := range matches {
-			if ct, err := detectContentType(safetensor); err != nil {
-				return nil, err
-			} else if ct != contentType {
-				return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid content type: expected %s for %s", ct, safetensor)
-			}
-		}
-
-		return matches, nil
-	}
-
-	var files []string
-	if st, _ := glob(filepath.Join(path, "model*.safetensors"), "application/octet-stream"); len(st) > 0 {
-		// safetensors files might be unresolved git lfs references; skip if they are
-		// covers model-x-of-y.safetensors, model.fp32-x-of-y.safetensors, model.safetensors
-		files = append(files, st...)
-	} else if pt, _ := glob(filepath.Join(path, "pytorch_model*.bin"), "application/zip"); len(pt) > 0 {
-		// pytorch files might also be unresolved git lfs references; skip if they are
-		// covers pytorch_model-x-of-y.bin, pytorch_model.fp32-x-of-y.bin, pytorch_model.bin
-		files = append(files, pt...)
-	} else if pt, _ := glob(filepath.Join(path, "consolidated*.pth"), "application/zip"); len(pt) > 0 {
-		// pytorch files might also be unresolved git lfs references; skip if they are
-		// covers consolidated.x.pth, consolidated.pth
-		files = append(files, pt...)
-	} else {
-		return "", errors.New("no safetensors or torch files found")
-	}
-
-	// add configuration files, json files are detected as text/plain
-	js, err := glob(filepath.Join(path, "*.json"), "text/plain")
-	if err != nil {
-		return "", err
-	}
-	files = append(files, js...)
-
-	if tks, _ := glob(filepath.Join(path, "tokenizer.model"), "application/octet-stream"); len(tks) > 0 {
-		// add tokenizer.model if it exists, tokenizer.json is automatically picked up by the previous glob
-		// tokenizer.model might be a unresolved git lfs reference; error if it is
-		files = append(files, tks...)
-	} else if tks, _ := glob(filepath.Join(path, "**/tokenizer.model"), "text/plain"); len(tks) > 0 {
-		// some times tokenizer.model is in a subdirectory (e.g. meta-llama/Meta-Llama-3-8B)
-		files = append(files, tks...)
-	}
-
-	for _, file := range files {
-		f, err := os.Open(file)
-		if err != nil {
-			return "", err
-		}
-		defer f.Close()
-
-		fi, err := f.Stat()
-		if err != nil {
-			return "", err
-		}
-
-		zfi, err := zip.FileInfoHeader(fi)
-		if err != nil {
-			return "", err
-		}
-
-		zf, err := zipfile.CreateHeader(zfi)
-		if err != nil {
-			return "", err
-		}
-
-		if _, err := io.Copy(zf, f); err != nil {
-			return "", err
-		}
-	}
-
-	return tempfile.Name(), nil
-}
-
 func createBlob(cmd *cobra.Command, client *api.Client, path string) (string, error) {
 	bin, err := os.Open(path)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -287,6 +226,14 @@ func createBlob(cmd *cobra.Command, client *api.Client, path string) (string, er
 }

 func RunHandler(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+	if os.Getenv("OLLAMA_MODELS") != "" {
+		return errors.New("OLLAMA_MODELS must only be set for 'ollama serve'")
+	}
+
+	if err := checkServerHeartbeat(cmd, args); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
 	client, err := api.ClientFromEnvironment()
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
@@ -327,18 +274,6 @@ func RunHandler(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 	}
 	opts.Format = format

-	keepAlive, err := cmd.Flags().GetString("keepalive")
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	if keepAlive != "" {
-		d, err := time.ParseDuration(keepAlive)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		opts.KeepAlive = &api.Duration{Duration: d}
-	}
-
 	prompts := args[1:]
 	// prepend stdin to the prompt if provided
 	if !term.IsTerminal(int(os.Stdin.Fd())) {
@@ -369,47 +304,6 @@ func RunHandler(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 	return generateInteractive(cmd, opts)
 }

-func errFromUnknownKey(unknownKeyErr error) error {
-	// find SSH public key in the error message
-	sshKeyPattern := `ssh-\w+ [^\s"]+`
-	re := regexp.MustCompile(sshKeyPattern)
-	matches := re.FindStringSubmatch(unknownKeyErr.Error())
-
-	if len(matches) > 0 {
-		serverPubKey := matches[0]
-
-		localPubKey, err := auth.GetPublicKey()
-		if err != nil {
-			return unknownKeyErr
-		}
-
-		if runtime.GOOS == "linux" && serverPubKey != localPubKey {
-			// try the ollama service public key
-			svcPubKey, err := os.ReadFile("/usr/share/ollama/.ollama/id_ed25519.pub")
-			if err != nil {
-				return unknownKeyErr
-			}
-			localPubKey = strings.TrimSpace(string(svcPubKey))
-		}
-
-		// check if the returned public key matches the local public key, this prevents adding a remote key to the user's account
-		if serverPubKey != localPubKey {
-			return unknownKeyErr
-		}
-
-		var msg strings.Builder
-		msg.WriteString(unknownKeyErr.Error())
-		msg.WriteString("\n\nYour ollama key is:\n")
-		msg.WriteString(localPubKey)
-		msg.WriteString("\nAdd your key at:\n")
-		msg.WriteString("https://ollama.com/settings/keys")
-
-		return errors.New(msg.String())
-	}
-
-	return unknownKeyErr
-}
-
 func PushHandler(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 	client, err := api.ClientFromEnvironment()
 	if err != nil {
@@ -457,20 +351,6 @@ func PushHandler(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {

 	request := api.PushRequest{Name: args[0], Insecure: insecure}
 	if err := client.Push(cmd.Context(), &request, fn); err != nil {
-		if spinner != nil {
-			spinner.Stop()
-		}
-		if strings.Contains(err.Error(), "access denied") {
-			return errors.New("you are not authorized to push to this namespace, create the model under a namespace you own")
-		}
-		host := model.ParseName(args[0]).Host
-		isOllamaHost := strings.HasSuffix(host, ".ollama.ai") || strings.HasSuffix(host, ".ollama.com")
-		if strings.Contains(err.Error(), errtypes.UnknownOllamaKeyErrMsg) && isOllamaHost {
-			// the user has not added their ollama key to ollama.com
-			// re-throw an error with a more user-friendly message
-			return errFromUnknownKey(err)
-		}
-
 		return err
 	}

@@ -511,52 +391,6 @@ func ListHandler(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 	return nil
 }

-func ListRunningHandler(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
-	client, err := api.ClientFromEnvironment()
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	models, err := client.ListRunning(cmd.Context())
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	var data [][]string
-
-	for _, m := range models.Models {
-		if len(args) == 0 || strings.HasPrefix(m.Name, args[0]) {
-			var procStr string
-			switch {
-			case m.SizeVRAM == 0:
-				procStr = "100% CPU"
-			case m.SizeVRAM == m.Size:
-				procStr = "100% GPU"
-			case m.SizeVRAM > m.Size || m.Size == 0:
-				procStr = "Unknown"
-			default:
-				sizeCPU := m.Size - m.SizeVRAM
-				cpuPercent := math.Round(float64(sizeCPU) / float64(m.Size) * 100)
-				procStr = fmt.Sprintf("%d%%/%d%% CPU/GPU", int(cpuPercent), int(100-cpuPercent))
-			}
-			data = append(data, []string{m.Name, m.Digest[:12], format.HumanBytes(m.Size), procStr, format.HumanTime(m.ExpiresAt, "Never")})
-		}
-	}
-
-	table := tablewriter.NewWriter(os.Stdout)
-	table.SetHeader([]string{"NAME", "ID", "SIZE", "PROCESSOR", "UNTIL"})
-	table.SetHeaderAlignment(tablewriter.ALIGN_LEFT)
-	table.SetAlignment(tablewriter.ALIGN_LEFT)
-	table.SetHeaderLine(false)
-	table.SetBorder(false)
-	table.SetNoWhiteSpace(true)
-	table.SetTablePadding("\t")
-	table.AppendBulk(data)
-	table.Render()
-
-	return nil
-}
-
 func DeleteHandler(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 	client, err := api.ClientFromEnvironment()
 	if err != nil {
@@ -733,7 +567,6 @@ type runOptions struct {
 	Images      []api.ImageData
 	Options     map[string]interface{}
 	MultiModal  bool
-	KeepAlive   *api.Duration
 }

 type displayResponseState struct {
@@ -746,8 +579,7 @@ func displayResponse(content string, wordWrap bool, state *displayResponseState)
 	if wordWrap && termWidth >= 10 {
 		for _, ch := range content {
 			if state.lineLength+1 > termWidth-5 {
-
-				if runewidth.StringWidth(state.wordBuffer) > termWidth-10 {
+				if len(state.wordBuffer) > termWidth-10 {
 					fmt.Printf("%s%c", state.wordBuffer, ch)
 					state.wordBuffer = ""
 					state.lineLength = 0
@@ -755,18 +587,12 @@ func displayResponse(content string, wordWrap bool, state *displayResponseState)
 				}

 				// backtrack the length of the last word and clear to the end of the line
-				fmt.Printf("\x1b[%dD\x1b[K\n", runewidth.StringWidth(state.wordBuffer))
+				fmt.Printf("\x1b[%dD\x1b[K\n", len(state.wordBuffer))
 				fmt.Printf("%s%c", state.wordBuffer, ch)
-				chWidth := runewidth.RuneWidth(ch)
-
-				state.lineLength = runewidth.StringWidth(state.wordBuffer) + chWidth
+				state.lineLength = len(state.wordBuffer) + 1
 			} else {
 				fmt.Print(string(ch))
-				state.lineLength += runewidth.RuneWidth(ch)
-				if runewidth.RuneWidth(ch) >= 2 {
-					state.wordBuffer = ""
-					continue
-				}
+				state.lineLength += 1

 				switch ch {
 				case ' ':
@@ -835,10 +661,6 @@ func chat(cmd *cobra.Command, opts runOptions) (*api.Message, error) {
 		Options:  opts.Options,
 	}

-	if opts.KeepAlive != nil {
-		req.KeepAlive = opts.KeepAlive
-	}
-
 	if err := client.Chat(cancelCtx, req, fn); err != nil {
 		if errors.Is(err, context.Canceled) {
 			return nil, nil
@@ -914,15 +736,14 @@ func generate(cmd *cobra.Command, opts runOptions) error {
 	}

 	request := api.GenerateRequest{
-		Model:     opts.Model,
-		Prompt:    opts.Prompt,
-		Context:   generateContext,
-		Images:    opts.Images,
-		Format:    opts.Format,
-		System:    opts.System,
-		Template:  opts.Template,
-		Options:   opts.Options,
-		KeepAlive: opts.KeepAlive,
+		Model:    opts.Model,
+		Prompt:   opts.Prompt,
+		Context:  generateContext,
+		Images:   opts.Images,
+		Format:   opts.Format,
+		System:   opts.System,
+		Template: opts.Template,
+		Options:  opts.Options,
 	}

 	if err := client.Generate(ctx, &request, fn); err != nil {
@@ -957,27 +778,24 @@ func generate(cmd *cobra.Command, opts runOptions) error {
 }

 func RunServer(cmd *cobra.Command, _ []string) error {
-	// retrieve the OLLAMA_HOST environment variable
-	ollamaHost, err := api.GetOllamaHost()
+	host, port, err := net.SplitHostPort(strings.Trim(os.Getenv("OLLAMA_HOST"), "\"'"))
 	if err != nil {
-		return err
+		host, port = "127.0.0.1", "11434"
+		if ip := net.ParseIP(strings.Trim(os.Getenv("OLLAMA_HOST"), "[]")); ip != nil {
+			host = ip.String()
+		}
 	}

 	if err := initializeKeypair(); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}

-	ln, err := net.Listen("tcp", net.JoinHostPort(ollamaHost.Host, ollamaHost.Port))
+	ln, err := net.Listen("tcp", net.JoinHostPort(host, port))
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}

-	err = server.Serve(ln)
-	if errors.Is(err, http.ErrServerClosed) {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	return err
+	return server.Serve(ln)
 }

 func initializeKeypair() error {
@@ -1080,19 +898,12 @@ func versionHandler(cmd *cobra.Command, _ []string) {
 	}
 }

-func appendEnvDocs(cmd *cobra.Command, envs []envconfig.EnvVar) {
-	if len(envs) == 0 {
-		return
-	}
-
-	envUsage := `
+func appendHostEnvDocs(cmd *cobra.Command) {
+	const hostEnvDocs = `
 Environment Variables:
+      OLLAMA_HOST        The host:port or base URL of the Ollama server (e.g. http://localhost:11434)
 `
-	for _, e := range envs {
-		envUsage += fmt.Sprintf("      %-24s   %s\n", e.Name, e.Description)
-	}
-
-	cmd.SetUsageTemplate(cmd.UsageTemplate() + envUsage)
+	cmd.SetUsageTemplate(cmd.UsageTemplate() + hostEnvDocs)
 }

 func NewCLI() *cobra.Command {
@@ -1131,8 +942,7 @@ func NewCLI() *cobra.Command {
 		RunE:    CreateHandler,
 	}

-	createCmd.Flags().StringP("file", "f", "Modelfile", "Name of the Modelfile")
-	createCmd.Flags().StringP("quantize", "q", "", "Quantize model to this level (e.g. q4_0)")
+	createCmd.Flags().StringP("file", "f", "Modelfile", "Name of the Modelfile (default \"Modelfile\")")

 	showCmd := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:     "show MODEL",
@@ -1149,14 +959,12 @@ func NewCLI() *cobra.Command {
 	showCmd.Flags().Bool("system", false, "Show system message of a model")

 	runCmd := &cobra.Command{
-		Use:     "run MODEL [PROMPT]",
-		Short:   "Run a model",
-		Args:    cobra.MinimumNArgs(1),
-		PreRunE: checkServerHeartbeat,
-		RunE:    RunHandler,
+		Use:   "run MODEL [PROMPT]",
+		Short: "Run a model",
+		Args:  cobra.MinimumNArgs(1),
+		RunE:  RunHandler,
 	}

-	runCmd.Flags().String("keepalive", "", "Duration to keep a model loaded (e.g. 5m)")
 	runCmd.Flags().Bool("verbose", false, "Show timings for response")
 	runCmd.Flags().Bool("insecure", false, "Use an insecure registry")
 	runCmd.Flags().Bool("nowordwrap", false, "Don't wrap words to the next line automatically")
@@ -1168,6 +976,15 @@ func NewCLI() *cobra.Command {
 		Args:    cobra.ExactArgs(0),
 		RunE:    RunServer,
 	}
+	serveCmd.SetUsageTemplate(serveCmd.UsageTemplate() + `
+Environment Variables:
+
+    OLLAMA_HOST         The host:port to bind to (default "127.0.0.1:11434")
+    OLLAMA_ORIGINS      A comma separated list of allowed origins.
+    OLLAMA_MODELS       The path to the models directory (default is "~/.ollama/models")
+    OLLAMA_KEEP_ALIVE   The duration that models stay loaded in memory (default is "5m")
+    OLLAMA_DEBUG        Set to 1 to enable additional debug logging
+`)

 	pullCmd := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:     "pull MODEL",
@@ -1196,16 +1013,8 @@ func NewCLI() *cobra.Command {
 		PreRunE: checkServerHeartbeat,
 		RunE:    ListHandler,
 	}
-
-	psCmd := &cobra.Command{
-		Use:     "ps",
-		Short:   "List running models",
-		PreRunE: checkServerHeartbeat,
-		RunE:    ListRunningHandler,
-	}
-
 	copyCmd := &cobra.Command{
-		Use:     "cp SOURCE DESTINATION",
+		Use:     "cp SOURCE TARGET",
 		Short:   "Copy a model",
 		Args:    cobra.ExactArgs(2),
 		PreRunE: checkServerHeartbeat,
@@ -1220,10 +1029,6 @@ func NewCLI() *cobra.Command {
 		RunE:    DeleteHandler,
 	}

-	envVars := envconfig.AsMap()
-
-	envs := []envconfig.EnvVar{envVars["OLLAMA_HOST"]}
-
 	for _, cmd := range []*cobra.Command{
 		createCmd,
 		showCmd,
@@ -1231,30 +1036,10 @@ func NewCLI() *cobra.Command {
 		pullCmd,
 		pushCmd,
 		listCmd,
-		psCmd,
 		copyCmd,
 		deleteCmd,
-		serveCmd,
 	} {
-		switch cmd {
-		case runCmd:
-			appendEnvDocs(cmd, []envconfig.EnvVar{envVars["OLLAMA_HOST"], envVars["OLLAMA_NOHISTORY"]})
-		case serveCmd:
-			appendEnvDocs(cmd, []envconfig.EnvVar{
-				envVars["OLLAMA_DEBUG"],
-				envVars["OLLAMA_HOST"],
-				envVars["OLLAMA_KEEP_ALIVE"],
-				envVars["OLLAMA_MAX_LOADED_MODELS"],
-				envVars["OLLAMA_MAX_QUEUE"],
-				envVars["OLLAMA_MODELS"],
-				envVars["OLLAMA_NUM_PARALLEL"],
-				envVars["OLLAMA_NOPRUNE"],
-				envVars["OLLAMA_ORIGINS"],
-				envVars["OLLAMA_TMPDIR"],
-			})
-		default:
-			appendEnvDocs(cmd, envs)
-		}
+		appendHostEnvDocs(cmd)
 	}

 	rootCmd.AddCommand(
@@ -1265,7 +1050,6 @@ func NewCLI() *cobra.Command {
 		pullCmd,
 		pushCmd,
 		listCmd,
-		psCmd,
 		copyCmd,
 		deleteCmd,
 	)
--- a/cmd/interactive.go
+++ b/cmd/interactive.go
@@ -15,10 +15,8 @@ import (
 	"golang.org/x/exp/slices"

 	"github.com/ollama/ollama/api"
-	"github.com/ollama/ollama/envconfig"
 	"github.com/ollama/ollama/progress"
 	"github.com/ollama/ollama/readline"
-	"github.com/ollama/ollama/types/errtypes"
 )

 type MultilineState int
@@ -58,11 +56,6 @@ func loadModel(cmd *cobra.Command, opts *runOptions) error {
 		Model:    opts.Model,
 		Messages: []api.Message{},
 	}
-
-	if opts.KeepAlive != nil {
-		chatReq.KeepAlive = opts.KeepAlive
-	}
-
 	err = client.Chat(cmd.Context(), chatReq, func(resp api.ChatResponse) error {
 		p.StopAndClear()
 		if len(opts.Messages) > 0 {
@@ -101,7 +94,6 @@ func generateInteractive(cmd *cobra.Command, opts runOptions) error {
 		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "  /show           Show model information")
 		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "  /load <model>   Load a session or model")
 		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "  /save <model>   Save your current session")
-		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "  /clear          Clear session context")
 		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "  /bye            Exit")
 		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "  /?, /help       Help for a command")
 		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "  /? shortcuts    Help for keyboard shortcuts")
@@ -139,7 +131,6 @@ func generateInteractive(cmd *cobra.Command, opts runOptions) error {
 		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "   Alt + f            Move forward (right) one word")
 		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "  Ctrl + k            Delete the sentence after the cursor")
 		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "  Ctrl + u            Delete the sentence before the cursor")
-		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "  Ctrl + w            Delete the word before the cursor")
 		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "")
 		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "  Ctrl + l            Clear the screen")
 		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "  Ctrl + c            Stop the model from responding")
@@ -170,7 +161,7 @@ func generateInteractive(cmd *cobra.Command, opts runOptions) error {
 		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "  /set parameter repeat_penalty <float> How strongly to penalize repetitions")
 		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "  /set parameter repeat_last_n <int>    Set how far back to look for repetitions")
 		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "  /set parameter num_gpu <int>          The number of layers to send to the GPU")
-		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "  /set parameter stop <string> <string> ...   Set the stop parameters")
+		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "  /set parameter stop \"<string>\", ...   Set the stop parameters")
 		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "")
 	}

@@ -184,10 +175,6 @@ func generateInteractive(cmd *cobra.Command, opts runOptions) error {
 		return err
 	}

-	if envconfig.NoHistory {
-		scanner.HistoryDisable()
-	}
-
 	fmt.Print(readline.StartBracketedPaste)
 	defer fmt.Printf(readline.EndBracketedPaste)

@@ -288,22 +275,11 @@ func generateInteractive(cmd *cobra.Command, opts runOptions) error {
 			fn := func(resp api.ProgressResponse) error { return nil }
 			err = client.Create(cmd.Context(), req, fn)
 			if err != nil {
-				if strings.Contains(err.Error(), errtypes.InvalidModelNameErrMsg) {
-					fmt.Printf("error: The model name '%s' is invalid\n", args[1])
-					continue
-				}
+				fmt.Println("error: couldn't save model")
 				return err
 			}
 			fmt.Printf("Created new model '%s'\n", args[1])
 			continue
-		case strings.HasPrefix(line, "/clear"):
-			opts.Messages = []api.Message{}
-			if opts.System != "" {
-				newMessage := api.Message{Role: "system", Content: opts.System}
-				opts.Messages = append(opts.Messages, newMessage)
-			}
-			fmt.Println("Cleared session context")
-			continue
 		case strings.HasPrefix(line, "/set"):
 			args := strings.Fields(line)
 			if len(args) > 1 {
--- a/convert/convert.go
+++ b/convert/convert.go
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package convert

 import (
+	"bytes"
 	"cmp"
 	"encoding/binary"
 	"encoding/json"
@@ -9,45 +10,32 @@ import (
 	"log/slog"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
+	"regexp"
 	"slices"
-	"strings"

+	"github.com/d4l3k/go-bfloat16"
+	"github.com/mitchellh/mapstructure"
+	"github.com/x448/float16"
 	"google.golang.org/protobuf/proto"

 	"github.com/ollama/ollama/convert/sentencepiece"
 	"github.com/ollama/ollama/llm"
 )

-const (
-	_ int32 = iota
-	tokenTypeNormal
-	tokenTypeUnknown
-	tokenTypeControl
-	tokenTypeUserDefined
-	tokenTypeUnused
-	tokenTypeByte
-)
-
 type Params struct {
-	Architectures     []string `json:"architectures"`
-	VocabSize         int      `json:"vocab_size"`
-	HiddenSize        int      `json:"hidden_size"`       // n_embd
-	HiddenLayers      int      `json:"num_hidden_layers"` // n_layer
-	ContextSize       int      `json:"max_position_embeddings"`
-	IntermediateSize  int      `json:"intermediate_size"`
-	AttentionHeads    int      `json:"num_attention_heads"` // n_head
-	KeyValHeads       int      `json:"num_key_value_heads"`
-	NormEPS           float64  `json:"rms_norm_eps"`
-	BoSTokenID        int      `json:"bos_token_id"`
-	EoSTokenID        int      `json:"eos_token_id"`
-	HeadDimension     int      `json:"head_dim"`
-	PaddingTokenID    int      `json:"pad_token_id"`
-	RopeFrequencyBase float64  `json:"rope_theta"`
-
-	Experts     int `json:"num_local_experts"`
-	ExpertsUsed int `json:"num_experts_per_tok"`
-
-	PreTokenizer string
+	Architectures    []string `json:"architectures"`
+	VocabSize        int      `json:"vocab_size"`
+	HiddenSize       int      `json:"hidden_size"`       // n_embd
+	HiddenLayers     int      `json:"num_hidden_layers"` // n_layer
+	ContextSize      int      `json:"max_position_embeddings"`
+	IntermediateSize int      `json:"intermediate_size"`
+	AttentionHeads   int      `json:"num_attention_heads"` // n_head
+	KeyValHeads      int      `json:"num_key_value_heads"`
+	NormEPS          float64  `json:"rms_norm_eps"`
+	BoSTokenID       int      `json:"bos_token_id"`
+	EoSTokenID       int      `json:"eos_token_id"`
+	HeadDimension    int      `json:"head_dim"`
+	PaddingTokenID   int      `json:"pad_token_id"`

 	ByteOrder
 }
@@ -57,17 +45,16 @@ type ByteOrder interface {
 	binary.AppendByteOrder
 }

+type MetaData struct {
+	Type    string `mapstructure:"dtype"`
+	Shape   []int  `mapstructure:"shape"`
+	Offsets []int  `mapstructure:"data_offsets"`
+}
+
 type ModelArch interface {
 	GetTensors() error
 	LoadVocab() error
-	WriteGGUF(io.WriteSeeker) error
-}
-
-type ModelFormat interface {
-	GetLayerName(string) (string, error)
-	GetTensors(string, *Params) ([]llm.Tensor, error)
-	GetParams(string) (*Params, error)
-	GetModelArch(string, string, *Params) (ModelArch, error)
+	WriteGGUF() (string, error)
 }

 type ModelData struct {
@@ -76,25 +63,139 @@ type ModelData struct {
 	Params  *Params
 	Vocab   *Vocab
 	Tensors []llm.Tensor
-	Format  ModelFormat
 }

-func GetModelFormat(dirname string) (ModelFormat, error) {
-	files, err := filepath.Glob(filepath.Join(dirname, "*"))
+func ReadSafeTensors(fn string, offset uint64, params *Params) ([]llm.Tensor, uint64, error) {
+	f, err := os.Open(fn)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, 0, err
+	}
+	defer f.Close()
+
+	var jsonSize uint64
+	if err := binary.Read(f, binary.LittleEndian, &jsonSize); err != nil {
+		return nil, 0, err
+	}
+
+	buf := make([]byte, jsonSize)
+	_, err = io.ReadFull(f, buf)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, 0, err
+	}
+
+	d := json.NewDecoder(bytes.NewBuffer(buf))
+	d.UseNumber()
+	var parsed map[string]interface{}
+	if err = d.Decode(&parsed); err != nil {
+		return nil, 0, err
+	}
+
+	var keys []string
+	for k := range parsed {
+		keys = append(keys, k)
+	}
+
+	slices.Sort(keys)
+
+	slog.Info("converting layers")
+
+	var tensors []llm.Tensor
+	for _, k := range keys {
+		vals := parsed[k].(map[string]interface{})
+		var data MetaData
+		if err = mapstructure.Decode(vals, &data); err != nil {
+			return nil, 0, err
+		}
+
+		var size uint64
+		var kind uint32
+		switch len(data.Shape) {
+		case 0:
+			// metadata
+			continue
+		case 1:
+			// convert to float32
+			kind = 0
+			size = uint64(data.Shape[0] * 4)
+		case 2:
+			// convert to float16
+			kind = 1
+			size = uint64(data.Shape[0] * data.Shape[1] * 2)
+		}
+
+		ggufName, err := GetTensorName(k)
+		if err != nil {
+			slog.Error("%v", err)
+			return nil, 0, err
+		}
+
+		shape := []uint64{0, 0, 0, 0}
+		for i := range data.Shape {
+			shape[i] = uint64(data.Shape[i])
+		}
+
+		t := llm.Tensor{
+			Name:   ggufName,
+			Kind:   kind,
+			Offset: offset,
+			Shape:  shape[:],
+		}
+
+		t.WriterTo = safetensorWriterTo{
+			t:        &t,
+			params:   params,
+			bo:       params.ByteOrder,
+			filename: fn,
+			start:    uint64(data.Offsets[0]),
+			end:      uint64(data.Offsets[1]),
+			padding:  8 + jsonSize,
+		}
+
+		slog.Debug(fmt.Sprintf("%v", t))
+		tensors = append(tensors, t)
+		offset += size
+	}
+	return tensors, offset, nil
+}
+
+func GetSafeTensors(dirpath string, params *Params) ([]llm.Tensor, error) {
+	var tensors []llm.Tensor
+	files, err := filepath.Glob(filepath.Join(dirpath, "/model-*.safetensors"))
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}

-	for _, fn := range files {
-		if strings.HasSuffix(fn, ".safetensors") {
-			return &SafetensorFormat{}, nil
-		} else if strings.HasSuffix(fn, ".bin") || strings.HasSuffix(fn, ".pth") {
-			slog.Debug("model is torch")
-			return &TorchFormat{}, nil
+	var offset uint64
+	for _, f := range files {
+		var t []llm.Tensor
+		var err error
+		t, offset, err = ReadSafeTensors(f, offset, params)
+		if err != nil {
+			slog.Error("%v", err)
+			return nil, err
 		}
+		tensors = append(tensors, t...)
+	}
+	return tensors, nil
+}
+
+func GetParams(dirpath string) (*Params, error) {
+	f, err := os.Open(filepath.Join(dirpath, "config.json"))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	defer f.Close()
+
+	var params Params
+
+	d := json.NewDecoder(f)
+	err = d.Decode(&params)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
 	}

-	return nil, fmt.Errorf("couldn't determine model format")
+	params.ByteOrder = binary.LittleEndian
+	return &params, nil
 }

 // Details on gguf's tokenizer can be found at:
@@ -103,10 +204,9 @@ type Vocab struct {
 	Tokens []string
 	Scores []float32
 	Types  []int32
-	Merges []string
 }

-func LoadSentencePieceTokens(dirpath string, params *Params) (*Vocab, error) {
+func LoadSentencePieceTokens(dirpath string, vocabSize int) (*Vocab, error) {
 	slog.Info(fmt.Sprintf("reading vocab from %s", filepath.Join(dirpath, "tokenizer.model")))
 	in, err := os.ReadFile(filepath.Join(dirpath, "tokenizer.model"))
 	if err != nil {
@@ -182,19 +282,152 @@ func LoadSentencePieceTokens(dirpath string, params *Params) (*Vocab, error) {
 		}
 		v.Tokens = append(v.Tokens, t.key)
 		v.Scores = append(v.Scores, -1000.0)
-		v.Types = append(v.Types, tokenTypeUserDefined)
+		v.Types = append(v.Types, int32(llm.GGUFTokenUserDefined))
 	}
 	slog.Info(fmt.Sprintf("vocab size w/ extra tokens: %d", len(v.Tokens)))

-	if params.VocabSize > len(v.Tokens) {
-		missingTokens := params.VocabSize - len(v.Tokens)
+	if vocabSize > len(v.Tokens) {
+		missingTokens := vocabSize - len(v.Tokens)
 		slog.Warn(fmt.Sprintf("vocab is missing %d tokens", missingTokens))
 		for cnt := 0; cnt < missingTokens; cnt++ {
 			v.Tokens = append(v.Tokens, fmt.Sprintf("<dummy%05d>", cnt+1))
 			v.Scores = append(v.Scores, -1)
-			v.Types = append(v.Types, tokenTypeUserDefined)
+			v.Types = append(v.Types, int32(llm.GGUFTokenUserDefined))
 		}
 	}

 	return v, nil
 }
+
+func GetTensorName(n string) (string, error) {
+	tMap := map[string]string{
+		"model.embed_tokens.weight":                           "token_embd.weight",
+		"model.layers.(\\d+).input_layernorm.weight":          "blk.$1.attn_norm.weight",
+		"model.layers.(\\d+).mlp.down_proj.weight":            "blk.$1.ffn_down.weight",
+		"model.layers.(\\d+).mlp.gate_proj.weight":            "blk.$1.ffn_gate.weight",
+		"model.layers.(\\d+).mlp.up_proj.weight":              "blk.$1.ffn_up.weight",
+		"model.layers.(\\d+).post_attention_layernorm.weight": "blk.$1.ffn_norm.weight",
+		"model.layers.(\\d+).self_attn.k_proj.weight":         "blk.$1.attn_k.weight",
+		"model.layers.(\\d+).self_attn.o_proj.weight":         "blk.$1.attn_output.weight",
+		"model.layers.(\\d+).self_attn.q_proj.weight":         "blk.$1.attn_q.weight",
+		"model.layers.(\\d+).self_attn.v_proj.weight":         "blk.$1.attn_v.weight",
+		"lm_head.weight":    "output.weight",
+		"model.norm.weight": "output_norm.weight",
+	}
+
+	v, ok := tMap[n]
+	if ok {
+		return v, nil
+	}
+
+	// quick hack to rename the layers to gguf format
+	for k, v := range tMap {
+		re := regexp.MustCompile(k)
+		newName := re.ReplaceAllString(n, v)
+		if newName != n {
+			return newName, nil
+		}
+	}
+
+	return "", fmt.Errorf("couldn't find a layer name for '%s'", n)
+}
+
+type safetensorWriterTo struct {
+	t *llm.Tensor
+
+	params *Params
+	bo     ByteOrder
+
+	filename string
+
+	start, end, padding uint64
+	handler             func(w io.Writer, r safetensorWriterTo, f *os.File) error
+}
+
+func (r safetensorWriterTo) WriteTo(w io.Writer) (n int64, err error) {
+	f, err := os.Open(r.filename)
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+	defer f.Close()
+
+	if _, err = f.Seek(int64(r.padding+r.start), 0); err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+
+	// use the handler if one is present
+	if r.handler != nil {
+		return 0, r.handler(w, r, f)
+	}
+
+	remaining := r.end - r.start
+
+	bufSize := uint64(10240)
+	var finished bool
+	for {
+		data := make([]byte, min(bufSize, remaining))
+
+		b, err := io.ReadFull(f, data)
+		remaining -= uint64(b)
+
+		if err == io.EOF || remaining <= 0 {
+			finished = true
+		} else if err != nil {
+			return 0, err
+		}
+
+		// convert bfloat16 -> ieee float32
+		tDataF32 := bfloat16.DecodeFloat32(data)
+
+		switch r.t.Kind {
+		case 0:
+			if err := binary.Write(w, r.bo, tDataF32); err != nil {
+				return 0, err
+			}
+		case 1:
+			// convert float32 -> float16
+			tempBuf := make([]uint16, len(data)/2)
+			for cnt, v := range tDataF32 {
+				tDataF16 := float16.Fromfloat32(v)
+				tempBuf[cnt] = uint16(tDataF16)
+			}
+			if err := binary.Write(w, binary.LittleEndian, tempBuf); err != nil {
+				return 0, err
+			}
+		}
+		if finished {
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	return 0, nil
+}
+
+func GetModelArchFromParams(name, dirPath string, params *Params) (ModelArch, error) {
+	switch len(params.Architectures) {
+	case 0:
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("No architecture specified to convert")
+	case 1:
+		switch params.Architectures[0] {
+		case "MistralForCausalLM":
+			return &MistralModel{
+				ModelData{
+					Name:   name,
+					Path:   dirPath,
+					Params: params,
+				},
+			}, nil
+		case "GemmaForCausalLM":
+			return &GemmaModel{
+				ModelData{
+					Name:   name,
+					Path:   dirPath,
+					Params: params,
+				},
+			}, nil
+		default:
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("Models based on '%s' are not yet supported", params.Architectures[0])
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil, fmt.Errorf("Unknown error")
+}
--- a/convert/convert_test.go
+++ b/convert/convert_test.go
@@ -1,103 +0,0 @@
-//go:build slow
-
-package convert
-
-import (
-	"os"
-	"path/filepath"
-	"testing"
-
-	"github.com/ollama/ollama/llm"
-)
-
-func convertFull(t *testing.T, p string) (llm.KV, llm.Tensors) {
-	t.Helper()
-
-	mf, err := GetModelFormat(p)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	params, err := mf.GetParams(p)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	arch, err := mf.GetModelArch("", p, params)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	if err := arch.LoadVocab(); err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	if err := arch.GetTensors(); err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	f, err := os.CreateTemp(t.TempDir(), "f16")
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-	defer f.Close()
-
-	if err := arch.WriteGGUF(f); err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	r, err := os.Open(f.Name())
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-	defer r.Close()
-
-	m, _, err := llm.DecodeGGML(r)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	return m.KV(), m.Tensors()
-}
-
-func TestConvertFull(t *testing.T) {
-	cases := []struct {
-		path    string
-		arch    string
-		tensors int
-		layers  int
-	}{
-		{"Meta-Llama-3-8B-Instruct", "llama", 291, 35},
-		{"Mistral-7B-Instruct-v0.2", "llama", 291, 35},
-		{"Mixtral-8x7B-Instruct-v0.1", "llama", 291, 35},
-		{"gemma-2b-it", "gemma", 164, 20},
-	}
-
-	for _, tt := range cases {
-		t.Run(tt.path, func(t *testing.T) {
-			p := filepath.Join("testdata", tt.path)
-			if _, err := os.Stat(p); err != nil {
-				t.Skipf("%s not found", p)
-			}
-
-			kv, tensors := convertFull(t, p)
-
-			if kv.Architecture() != tt.arch {
-				t.Fatalf("expected llama, got %s", kv.Architecture())
-			}
-
-			if kv.FileType().String() != "F16" {
-				t.Fatalf("expected F16, got %s", kv.FileType())
-			}
-
-			if len(tensors) != tt.tensors {
-				t.Fatalf("expected %d tensors, got %d", tt.tensors, len(tensors))
-			}
-
-			layers := tensors.Layers()
-			if len(layers) != tt.layers {
-				t.Fatalf("expected %d layers, got %d", tt.layers, len(layers))
-			}
-		})
-	}
-}
--- a/convert/gemma.go
+++ b/convert/gemma.go
@@ -1,11 +1,14 @@
 package convert

 import (
+	"encoding/binary"
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"log/slog"
+	"os"
 	"strings"

+	"github.com/d4l3k/go-bfloat16"
 	"github.com/pdevine/tensor"
 	"github.com/pdevine/tensor/native"

@@ -16,40 +19,63 @@ type GemmaModel struct {
 	ModelData
 }

-func addOnes(data []float32, vectorSize int) ([]float32, error) {
-	n := tensor.New(tensor.WithShape(vectorSize), tensor.WithBacking(data))
-	ones := tensor.Ones(tensor.Float32, vectorSize)
+func gemmaLayerHandler(w io.Writer, r safetensorWriterTo, f *os.File) error {
+	slog.Debug(fmt.Sprintf("converting '%s'", r.t.Name))

-	n, err := n.Add(ones)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
+	data := make([]byte, r.end-r.start)
+	if err := binary.Read(f, r.bo, data); err != nil {
+		return err
 	}

-	ts, err := native.SelectF32(n, 0)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
+	tDataF32 := bfloat16.DecodeFloat32(data)

-	var f32s []float32
-	for _, t := range ts {
-		f32s = append(f32s, t...)
-	}
-
-
-	return f32s, nil
-}
-
-func (m *GemmaModel) GetTensors() error {
-	t, err := m.Format.GetTensors(m.Path, m.Params)
+	var err error
+	tDataF32, err = addOnes(tDataF32, int(r.t.Shape[0]))
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}

-	slog.Debug(fmt.Sprintf("Total tensors: %d", len(t)))
+	if err := binary.Write(w, r.bo, tDataF32); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func addOnes(data []float32, vectorSize int) ([]float32, error) {
+	n := tensor.New(tensor.WithShape(vectorSize), tensor.WithBacking(data))
+	ones := tensor.Ones(tensor.Float32, vectorSize)
+
+	var err error
+	n, err = n.Add(ones)
+	if err != nil {
+		return []float32{}, err
+	}
+
+	newN, err := native.SelectF32(n, 0)
+	if err != nil {
+		return []float32{}, err
+	}
+
+	var fullTensor []float32
+	for _, v := range newN {
+		fullTensor = append(fullTensor, v...)
+	}
+
+	return fullTensor, nil
+}
+
+func (m *GemmaModel) GetTensors() error {
+	t, err := GetSafeTensors(m.Path, m.Params)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	m.Tensors = []llm.Tensor{}
+
 	for _, l := range t {
 		if strings.HasSuffix(l.Name, "norm.weight") {
 			wt := l.WriterTo.(safetensorWriterTo)
-			wt.repacker = m.Repack
+			wt.handler = gemmaLayerHandler
 			l.WriterTo = wt
 		}
 		m.Tensors = append(m.Tensors, l)
@@ -59,7 +85,7 @@ func (m *GemmaModel) GetTensors() error {
 }

 func (m *GemmaModel) LoadVocab() error {
-	v, err := LoadSentencePieceTokens(m.Path, m.Params)
+	v, err := LoadSentencePieceTokens(m.Path, m.Params.VocabSize)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -67,11 +93,7 @@ func (m *GemmaModel) LoadVocab() error {
 	return nil
 }

-func (m *GemmaModel) Repack(_ string, data []float32, shape []uint64) ([]float32, error) {
-	return addOnes(data, int(shape[0]))
-}
-
-func (m *GemmaModel) WriteGGUF(ws io.WriteSeeker) error {
+func (m *GemmaModel) WriteGGUF() (string, error) {
 	kv := llm.KV{
 		"general.architecture":                   "gemma",
 		"general.name":                           m.Name,
@@ -99,5 +121,16 @@ func (m *GemmaModel) WriteGGUF(ws io.WriteSeeker) error {
 		"tokenizer.ggml.add_eos_token":    false,
 	}

-	return llm.NewGGUFV3(m.Params.ByteOrder).Encode(ws, kv, m.Tensors)
+	f, err := os.CreateTemp("", "ollama-gguf")
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	defer f.Close()
+
+	mod := llm.NewGGUFV3(m.Params.ByteOrder)
+	if err := mod.Encode(f, kv, m.Tensors); err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+
+	return f.Name(), nil
 }
--- a/convert/llama.go
+++ b/convert/llama.go
@@ -1,158 +0,0 @@
-package convert
-
-import (
-	"cmp"
-	"errors"
-	"fmt"
-	"io"
-	"os"
-	"path/filepath"
-	"regexp"
-	"strings"
-
-	"github.com/pdevine/tensor"
-	"github.com/pdevine/tensor/native"
-
-	"github.com/ollama/ollama/llm"
-)
-
-type LlamaModel struct {
-	ModelData
-}
-
-func (m *LlamaModel) GetTensors() error {
-	t, err := m.Format.GetTensors(m.Path, m.Params)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	pattern := `^blk\.[0-9]+\.attn_(?P<layer>q|k)\.weight$`
-	re, err := regexp.Compile(pattern)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	for _, l := range t {
-		matches := re.FindAllStringSubmatch(l.Name, -1)
-		if len(matches) > 0 {
-			switch m.Format.(type) {
-			case *TorchFormat:
-				wt := l.WriterTo.(torchWriterTo)
-				wt.repacker = m.Repack
-				l.WriterTo = wt
-			case *SafetensorFormat:
-				wt := l.WriterTo.(safetensorWriterTo)
-				wt.repacker = m.Repack
-				l.WriterTo = wt
-			}
-		}
-		m.Tensors = append(m.Tensors, l)
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (m *LlamaModel) LoadVocab() (err error) {
-	pre, ts, merges, err := parseTokens(filepath.Join(m.Path, "tokenizer.json"))
-	if errors.Is(err, os.ErrNotExist) {
-		return nil
-	} else if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	m.Vocab = &Vocab{}
-	for _, t := range ts {
-		m.Vocab.Tokens = append(m.Vocab.Tokens, t.Content)
-		m.Vocab.Types = append(m.Vocab.Types, t.Type())
-	}
-
-	m.Vocab.Merges = merges
-	m.Params.PreTokenizer = pre
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (m *LlamaModel) WriteGGUF(ws io.WriteSeeker) error {
-	kv := llm.KV{
-		"general.architecture":                   "llama",
-		"general.name":                           m.Name,
-		"llama.vocab_size":                       uint32(len(m.Vocab.Tokens)),
-		"llama.context_length":                   uint32(m.Params.ContextSize),
-		"llama.embedding_length":                 uint32(m.Params.HiddenSize),
-		"llama.block_count":                      uint32(m.Params.HiddenLayers),
-		"llama.feed_forward_length":              uint32(m.Params.IntermediateSize),
-		"llama.rope.freq_base":                   float32(m.Params.RopeFrequencyBase),
-		"llama.rope.dimension_count":             uint32(m.Params.HiddenSize / m.Params.AttentionHeads),
-		"llama.attention.head_count":             uint32(m.Params.AttentionHeads),
-		"llama.attention.head_count_kv":          uint32(m.Params.KeyValHeads),
-		"llama.attention.layer_norm_rms_epsilon": float32(m.Params.NormEPS),
-		"general.file_type":                      uint32(1),
-		"tokenizer.ggml.model":                   "gpt2",
-
-		"tokenizer.ggml.pre":        m.Params.PreTokenizer,
-		"tokenizer.ggml.tokens":     m.Vocab.Tokens,
-		"tokenizer.ggml.token_type": m.Vocab.Types,
-
-		"tokenizer.ggml.bos_token_id":     uint32(m.Params.BoSTokenID),
-		"tokenizer.ggml.eos_token_id":     uint32(m.Params.EoSTokenID),
-		"tokenizer.ggml.unknown_token_id": uint32(0),
-	}
-
-	if len(m.Vocab.Merges) > 0 {
-		kv["tokenizer.ggml.merges"] = m.Vocab.Merges
-	} else {
-		kv["tokenizer.ggml.scores"] = m.Vocab.Scores
-	}
-
-	return llm.NewGGUFV3(m.Params.ByteOrder).Encode(ws, kv, m.Tensors)
-}
-
-func (m *LlamaModel) Repack(name string, data []float32, shape []uint64) ([]float32, error) {
-	return llamaRepack(name, m.Params, data, shape)
-}
-
-func llamaRepack(name string, params *Params, data []float32, shape []uint64) ([]float32, error) {
-	var dims []int
-	for _, dim := range shape {
-		if dim != 0 {
-			dims = append(dims, int(dim))
-		}
-	}
-
-	var heads int
-	if strings.HasSuffix(name, "attn_q.weight") {
-		heads = params.AttentionHeads
-	} else if strings.HasSuffix(name, "attn_k.weight") {
-		heads = cmp.Or(params.KeyValHeads, params.AttentionHeads)
-	} else {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unknown tensor name: %s", name)
-	}
-
-	n := tensor.New(tensor.WithShape(dims...), tensor.WithBacking(data))
-	if err := n.Reshape(append([]int{heads, 2, dims[0] / heads / 2}, dims[1:]...)...); err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	if err := n.T(0, 2, 1, 3); err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	if err := n.Reshape(dims...); err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	if err := n.Transpose(); err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	ts, err := native.SelectF32(n, 1)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	var f32s []float32
-	for _, t := range ts {
-		f32s = append(f32s, t...)
-	}
-
-	return f32s, nil
-}
--- a/convert/mistral.go
+++ b/convert/mistral.go
@@ -1,8 +1,17 @@
 package convert

 import (
+	"encoding/binary"
+	"fmt"
 	"io"
+	"os"
 	"regexp"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/d4l3k/go-bfloat16"
+	"github.com/pdevine/tensor"
+	"github.com/pdevine/tensor/native"
+	"github.com/x448/float16"

 	"github.com/ollama/ollama/llm"
 )
@@ -11,12 +20,90 @@ type MistralModel struct {
 	ModelData
 }

-func (m *MistralModel) GetTensors() error {
-	t, err := m.Format.GetTensors(m.Path, m.Params)
+func mistralLayerHandler(w io.Writer, r safetensorWriterTo, f *os.File) error {
+	layerSize := r.end - r.start
+
+	var err error
+	tData := make([]uint16, layerSize/2)
+	if err = binary.Read(f, r.bo, tData); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	var heads uint32
+	if strings.Contains(r.t.Name, "attn_q") {
+		heads = uint32(r.params.AttentionHeads)
+	} else if strings.Contains(r.t.Name, "attn_k") {
+		heads = uint32(r.params.KeyValHeads)
+		if heads == 0 {
+			heads = uint32(r.params.AttentionHeads)
+		}
+	} else {
+		return fmt.Errorf("unknown layer type")
+	}
+
+	tData, err = repack(tData, int(heads), r.t.Shape)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}

+	var buf []byte
+	for _, n := range tData {
+		buf = r.bo.AppendUint16(buf, n)
+	}
+
+	tempBuf := make([]uint16, len(tData))
+	tDataF32 := bfloat16.DecodeFloat32(buf)
+	for cnt, v := range tDataF32 {
+		tDataF16 := float16.Fromfloat32(v)
+		tempBuf[cnt] = uint16(tDataF16)
+	}
+
+	if err = binary.Write(w, r.bo, tempBuf); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func repack(data []uint16, heads int, shape []uint64) ([]uint16, error) {
+	n := tensor.New(tensor.WithShape(int(shape[0]), int(shape[1])), tensor.WithBacking(data))
+	origShape := n.Shape().Clone()
+
+	// reshape the tensor and swap axes 1 and 2 to unpack the layer for gguf
+	if err := n.Reshape(heads, 2, origShape[0]/heads/2, origShape[1]); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	if err := n.T(0, 2, 1, 3); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	if err := n.Reshape(origShape...); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	if err := n.Transpose(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	newN, err := native.SelectU16(n, 1)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	var fullTensor []uint16
+	for _, v := range newN {
+		fullTensor = append(fullTensor, v...)
+	}
+	return fullTensor, nil
+}
+
+func (m *MistralModel) GetTensors() error {
+	t, err := GetSafeTensors(m.Path, m.Params)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	m.Tensors = []llm.Tensor{}
+
 	pattern := `^blk\.[0-9]+\.attn_(?P<layer>q|k)\.weight$`
 	re, err := regexp.Compile(pattern)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -27,7 +114,7 @@ func (m *MistralModel) GetTensors() error {
 		matches := re.FindAllStringSubmatch(l.Name, -1)
 		if len(matches) > 0 {
 			wt := l.WriterTo.(safetensorWriterTo)
-			wt.repacker = m.Repack
+			wt.handler = mistralLayerHandler
 			l.WriterTo = wt
 		}
 		m.Tensors = append(m.Tensors, l)
@@ -37,7 +124,7 @@ func (m *MistralModel) GetTensors() error {
 }

 func (m *MistralModel) LoadVocab() error {
-	v, err := LoadSentencePieceTokens(m.Path, m.Params)
+	v, err := LoadSentencePieceTokens(m.Path, m.Params.VocabSize)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -45,7 +132,7 @@ func (m *MistralModel) LoadVocab() error {
 	return nil
 }

-func (m *MistralModel) WriteGGUF(ws io.WriteSeeker) error {
+func (m *MistralModel) WriteGGUF() (string, error) {
 	kv := llm.KV{
 		"general.architecture":                   "llama",
 		"general.name":                           m.Name,
@@ -71,9 +158,16 @@ func (m *MistralModel) WriteGGUF(ws io.WriteSeeker) error {
 		"tokenizer.ggml.unknown_token_id": uint32(0),
 	}

-	return llm.NewGGUFV3(m.Params.ByteOrder).Encode(ws, kv, m.Tensors)
-}
+	f, err := os.CreateTemp("", "ollama-gguf")
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	defer f.Close()

-func (m *MistralModel) Repack(name string, data []float32, shape []uint64) ([]float32, error) {
-	return llamaRepack(name, m.Params, data, shape)
+	mod := llm.NewGGUFV3(m.Params.ByteOrder)
+	if err := mod.Encode(f, kv, m.Tensors); err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+
+	return f.Name(), nil
 }
--- a/convert/mixtral.go
+++ b/convert/mixtral.go
@@ -1,87 +0,0 @@
-package convert
-
-import (
-	"io"
-	"regexp"
-
-	"github.com/ollama/ollama/llm"
-)
-
-type MixtralModel struct {
-	ModelData
-}
-
-func (m *MixtralModel) GetTensors() error {
-	t, err := m.Format.GetTensors(m.Path, m.Params)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	pattern := `^blk\.[0-9]+\.attn_(?P<layer>q|k)\.weight$`
-	re, err := regexp.Compile(pattern)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	for _, l := range t {
-		matches := re.FindAllStringSubmatch(l.Name, -1)
-		if len(matches) > 0 {
-			wt := l.WriterTo.(safetensorWriterTo)
-			wt.repacker = m.Repack
-			l.WriterTo = wt
-		}
-		m.Tensors = append(m.Tensors, l)
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (m *MixtralModel) LoadVocab() error {
-	v, err := LoadSentencePieceTokens(m.Path, m.Params)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	m.Vocab = v
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (m *MixtralModel) WriteGGUF(ws io.WriteSeeker) error {
-	kv := llm.KV{
-		"general.architecture":          "llama",
-		"general.name":                  m.Name,
-		"llama.block_count":             uint32(m.Params.HiddenLayers),
-		"llama.context_length":          uint32(m.Params.ContextSize),
-		"llama.embedding_length":        uint32(m.Params.HiddenSize),
-		"llama.feed_forward_length":     uint32(m.Params.IntermediateSize),
-		"llama.attention.head_count":    uint32(m.Params.AttentionHeads),
-		"llama.attention.head_count_kv": uint32(m.Params.KeyValHeads),
-
-		"llama.rope.freq_base":                   float32(m.Params.RopeFrequencyBase),
-		"llama.attention.layer_norm_rms_epsilon": float32(m.Params.NormEPS),
-
-		"llama.expert_count":      uint32(m.Params.Experts),
-		"llama.expert_used_count": uint32(m.Params.ExpertsUsed),
-
-		"llama.vocab_size":           uint32(len(m.Vocab.Tokens)),
-		"llama.rope.dimension_count": uint32(m.Params.HiddenSize / m.Params.AttentionHeads),
-
-		"general.file_type":    uint32(1),
-		"tokenizer.ggml.model": "llama",
-
-		"tokenizer.ggml.tokens":     m.Vocab.Tokens,
-		"tokenizer.ggml.scores":     m.Vocab.Scores,
-		"tokenizer.ggml.token_type": m.Vocab.Types,
-
-		"tokenizer.ggml.bos_token_id":     uint32(m.Params.BoSTokenID),
-		"tokenizer.ggml.eos_token_id":     uint32(m.Params.EoSTokenID),
-		"tokenizer.ggml.unknown_token_id": uint32(0),
-		"tokenizer.ggml.add_bos_token":    true,
-		"tokenizer.ggml.add_eos_token":    false,
-	}
-
-	return llm.NewGGUFV3(m.Params.ByteOrder).Encode(ws, kv, m.Tensors)
-}
-
-func (m *MixtralModel) Repack(name string, data []float32, shape []uint64) ([]float32, error) {
-	return llamaRepack(name, m.Params, data, shape)
-}
--- a/convert/safetensors.go
+++ b/convert/safetensors.go
@@ -1,309 +0,0 @@
-package convert
-
-import (
-	"bytes"
-	"encoding/binary"
-	"encoding/json"
-	"fmt"
-	"io"
-	"os"
-	"path/filepath"
-	"regexp"
-	"slices"
-	"strings"
-
-	"github.com/d4l3k/go-bfloat16"
-	"github.com/x448/float16"
-
-	"github.com/ollama/ollama/llm"
-)
-
-type safetensorWriterTo struct {
-	t *llm.Tensor
-
-	params *Params
-	bo     ByteOrder
-
-	filename string
-	dtype    string
-
-	offset, size int64
-	repacker     func(string, []float32, []uint64) ([]float32, error)
-}
-
-type safetensorMetadata struct {
-	Type    string   `json:"dtype"`
-	Shape   []uint64 `json:"shape"`
-	Offsets []int64  `json:"data_offsets"`
-}
-
-type SafetensorFormat struct{}
-
-func (m *SafetensorFormat) GetTensors(dirpath string, params *Params) ([]llm.Tensor, error) {
-	var tensors []llm.Tensor
-	matches, err := filepath.Glob(filepath.Join(dirpath, "*.safetensors"))
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	var offset uint64
-	for _, f := range matches {
-		var t []llm.Tensor
-		var err error
-		t, offset, err = m.readTensors(f, offset, params)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-
-		tensors = append(tensors, t...)
-	}
-	return tensors, nil
-}
-
-func (m *SafetensorFormat) readTensors(fn string, offset uint64, params *Params) ([]llm.Tensor, uint64, error) {
-	f, err := os.Open(fn)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, 0, err
-	}
-	defer f.Close()
-
-	var n int64
-	if err := binary.Read(f, binary.LittleEndian, &n); err != nil {
-		return nil, 0, err
-	}
-
-	b := bytes.NewBuffer(make([]byte, 0, n))
-	if _, err = io.CopyN(b, f, n); err != nil {
-		return nil, 0, err
-	}
-
-	var headers map[string]safetensorMetadata
-	if err := json.NewDecoder(b).Decode(&headers); err != nil {
-		return nil, 0, err
-	}
-
-	var keys []string
-	for key := range headers {
-		if !strings.HasSuffix(key, "self_attn.rotary_embd.inv_freq") {
-			keys = append(keys, key)
-		}
-	}
-
-	slices.Sort(keys)
-
-	var tensors []llm.Tensor
-	for _, key := range keys {
-		value := headers[key]
-
-		var kind uint32
-		switch len(value.Shape) {
-		case 0:
-			// valuedata
-			continue
-		case 2:
-			kind = 1
-		}
-
-		name, err := m.GetLayerName(key)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, 0, err
-		}
-
-		shape := make([]uint64, len(value.Shape))
-		copy(shape, value.Shape)
-
-		pad := func(s int64) int64 {
-			return 8 + n + s
-		}
-
-		t := llm.Tensor{
-			Name:   name,
-			Kind:   kind,
-			Offset: offset,
-			Shape:  shape[:],
-		}
-
-		t.WriterTo = safetensorWriterTo{
-			t:        &t,
-			params:   params,
-			bo:       params.ByteOrder,
-			filename: fn,
-			dtype:    value.Type,
-			offset:   pad(value.Offsets[0]),
-			size:     pad(value.Offsets[1]) - pad(value.Offsets[0]),
-		}
-
-		offset += t.Size()
-		tensors = append(tensors, t)
-	}
-
-	return tensors, offset, nil
-}
-
-func (m *SafetensorFormat) GetParams(dirpath string) (*Params, error) {
-	f, err := os.Open(filepath.Join(dirpath, "config.json"))
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	defer f.Close()
-
-	var params Params
-
-	if err := json.NewDecoder(f).Decode(&params); err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	params.ByteOrder = binary.LittleEndian
-	return &params, nil
-}
-
-func (m *SafetensorFormat) GetLayerName(n string) (string, error) {
-	directMap := map[string]string{
-		"model.embed_tokens.weight": "token_embd.weight",
-		"lm_head.weight":            "output.weight",
-		"model.norm.weight":         "output_norm.weight",
-	}
-
-	tMap := map[string]string{
-		"model.layers.(\\d+).input_layernorm.weight":                    "blk.$1.attn_norm.weight",
-		"model.layers.(\\d+).mlp.down_proj.weight":                      "blk.$1.ffn_down.weight",
-		"model.layers.(\\d+).mlp.gate_proj.weight":                      "blk.$1.ffn_gate.weight",
-		"model.layers.(\\d+).mlp.up_proj.weight":                        "blk.$1.ffn_up.weight",
-		"model.layers.(\\d+).post_attention_layernorm.weight":           "blk.$1.ffn_norm.weight",
-		"model.layers.(\\d+).self_attn.k_proj.weight":                   "blk.$1.attn_k.weight",
-		"model.layers.(\\d+).self_attn.o_proj.weight":                   "blk.$1.attn_output.weight",
-		"model.layers.(\\d+).self_attn.q_proj.weight":                   "blk.$1.attn_q.weight",
-		"model.layers.(\\d+).self_attn.v_proj.weight":                   "blk.$1.attn_v.weight",
-		"model.layers.(\\d+).block_sparse_moe.gate.weight":              "blk.$1.ffn_gate_inp.weight",
-		"model.layers.(\\d+).block_sparse_moe.experts.(\\d+).w1.weight": "blk.$1.ffn_gate.$2.weight",
-		"model.layers.(\\d+).block_sparse_moe.experts.(\\d+).w2.weight": "blk.$1.ffn_down.$2.weight",
-		"model.layers.(\\d+).block_sparse_moe.experts.(\\d+).w3.weight": "blk.$1.ffn_up.$2.weight",
-	}
-
-	v, ok := directMap[n]
-	if ok {
-		return v, nil
-	}
-
-	// quick hack to rename the layers to gguf format
-	for k, v := range tMap {
-		re := regexp.MustCompile(k)
-		newName := re.ReplaceAllString(n, v)
-		if newName != n {
-			return newName, nil
-		}
-	}
-
-	return "", fmt.Errorf("couldn't find a layer name for '%s'", n)
-}
-
-func (r safetensorWriterTo) WriteTo(w io.Writer) (n int64, err error) {
-	f, err := os.Open(r.filename)
-	if err != nil {
-		return 0, err
-	}
-	defer f.Close()
-
-	if _, err = f.Seek(r.offset, io.SeekStart); err != nil {
-		return 0, err
-	}
-
-	var f32s []float32
-	switch r.dtype {
-	case "F32":
-		f32s = make([]float32, r.size/4)
-		if err = binary.Read(f, r.bo, f32s); err != nil {
-			return 0, err
-		}
-	case "F16":
-		u16s := make([]uint16, r.size/2)
-		if err = binary.Read(f, r.bo, u16s); err != nil {
-			return 0, err
-		}
-
-		for _, b := range u16s {
-			f32s = append(f32s, float16.Frombits(b).Float32())
-		}
-
-	case "BF16":
-		u8s := make([]uint8, r.size)
-		if err = binary.Read(f, r.bo, u8s); err != nil {
-			return 0, err
-		}
-
-		f32s = bfloat16.DecodeFloat32(u8s)
-	default:
-		return 0, fmt.Errorf("unknown data type: %s", r.dtype)
-	}
-
-	if r.repacker != nil {
-		f32s, err = r.repacker(r.t.Name, f32s, r.t.Shape)
-		if err != nil {
-			return 0, err
-		}
-	}
-
-	switch r.t.Kind {
-	case 0:
-		return 0, binary.Write(w, r.bo, f32s)
-	case 1:
-		f16s := make([]uint16, len(f32s))
-		for i := range f32s {
-			f16s[i] = float16.Fromfloat32(f32s[i]).Bits()
-		}
-
-		return 0, binary.Write(w, r.bo, f16s)
-	default:
-		return 0, fmt.Errorf("unknown storage type: %d", r.t.Kind)
-	}
-}
-
-func (m *SafetensorFormat) GetModelArch(name, dirPath string, params *Params) (ModelArch, error) {
-	switch len(params.Architectures) {
-	case 0:
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("No architecture specified to convert")
-	case 1:
-		switch params.Architectures[0] {
-		case "LlamaForCausalLM":
-			return &LlamaModel{
-				ModelData{
-					Name:   name,
-					Path:   dirPath,
-					Params: params,
-					Format: m,
-				},
-			}, nil
-		case "MistralForCausalLM":
-			return &MistralModel{
-				ModelData{
-					Name:   name,
-					Path:   dirPath,
-					Params: params,
-					Format: m,
-				},
-			}, nil
-		case "MixtralForCausalLM":
-			return &MixtralModel{
-				ModelData{
-					Name:   name,
-					Path:   dirPath,
-					Params: params,
-					Format: m,
-				},
-			}, nil
-		case "GemmaForCausalLM":
-			return &GemmaModel{
-				ModelData{
-					Name:   name,
-					Path:   dirPath,
-					Params: params,
-					Format: m,
-				},
-			}, nil
-		default:
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("Models based on '%s' are not yet supported", params.Architectures[0])
-		}
-	}
-
-	return nil, fmt.Errorf("Unknown error")
-}
--- a/convert/tokenizer.go
+++ b/convert/tokenizer.go
@@ -1,109 +0,0 @@
-package convert
-
-import (
-	"cmp"
-	"crypto/sha256"
-	"encoding/json"
-	"fmt"
-	"log/slog"
-	"os"
-	"slices"
-
-	"golang.org/x/exp/maps"
-)
-
-type Tokenizer struct {
-	Version     string         `json:"version"`
-	AddedTokens []Token        `json:"added_tokens"`
-	Model       TokenizerModel `json:"model"`
-
-	PreTokenizer struct {
-		PreTokenizers []struct {
-			Type    string `json:"type"`
-			Pattern struct {
-				Regex string `json:"Regex"`
-			} `json:"pattern"`
-		} `json:"pretokenizers"`
-	} `json:"pre_tokenizer"`
-}
-
-type TokenizerModel struct {
-	Type   string         `json:"type"`
-	Vocab  map[string]int `json:"vocab"`
-	Merges []string       `json:"merges"`
-	Tokens []Token
-}
-
-type Token struct {
-	ID          int    `json:"id"`
-	Content     string `json:"content"`
-	Special     bool   `json:"special"`
-	UserDefined bool
-}
-
-func (t *Token) Type() int32 {
-	switch {
-	case t.Special:
-		return tokenTypeControl
-	case t.UserDefined:
-		return tokenTypeUserDefined
-	default:
-		return tokenTypeNormal
-	}
-}
-
-func (t *Tokenizer) maxID() int {
-	return max(
-		slices.Max(maps.Values(t.Model.Vocab)),
-		slices.MaxFunc(t.AddedTokens, func(a, b Token) int {
-			return cmp.Compare(a.ID, b.ID)
-		}).ID,
-	)
-}
-
-func parseTokens(dirpath string) (pre string, tokens []Token, merges []string, err error) {
-	f, err := os.Open(dirpath)
-	if err != nil {
-		panic(err)
-	}
-	defer f.Close()
-
-	var t Tokenizer
-	if err := json.NewDecoder(f).Decode(&t); err != nil {
-		return "", nil, nil, err
-	}
-
-	tokens = make([]Token, t.maxID()+1)
-	for k, v := range t.Model.Vocab {
-		tokens[v] = Token{ID: v, Content: k, Special: false, UserDefined: false}
-	}
-
-	for _, v := range t.AddedTokens {
-		v.UserDefined = true
-		tokens[v.ID] = v
-	}
-
-	sha256sum := sha256.New()
-	for _, pt := range t.PreTokenizer.PreTokenizers {
-		switch pt.Type {
-		case "Split":
-			if pt.Pattern.Regex != "" {
-				sha256sum.Write([]byte(pt.Pattern.Regex))
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	switch digest := fmt.Sprintf("%x", sha256sum.Sum(nil)); digest {
-	case "d98f9631be1e9607a9848c26c1f9eac1aa9fc21ac6ba82a2fc0741af9780a48f":
-		pre = "llama-bpe"
-	case "03df5c5863ad70781dcfdef491ead25140f895fe8010964be0daefe27be32b02":
-		pre = "deepseek-llm"
-	case "21cde974d587f0d54dc8d56b183cc1e6239600172035c68fbd6d4b9f8da0576e":
-		pre = "deepseek-coder"
-	default:
-		slog.Warn("unknown pretokenizer, using default", "digest", digest)
-		pre = "default"
-	}
-
-	return pre, tokens, t.Model.Merges, nil
-}
--- a/convert/torch.go
+++ b/convert/torch.go
@@ -1,288 +0,0 @@
-package convert
-
-import (
-	"encoding/binary"
-	"encoding/json"
-	"fmt"
-	"io"
-	"log/slog"
-	"os"
-	"path/filepath"
-	"regexp"
-	"strings"
-
-	"github.com/nlpodyssey/gopickle/pytorch"
-	"github.com/nlpodyssey/gopickle/types"
-	"github.com/x448/float16"
-
-	"github.com/ollama/ollama/llm"
-)
-
-type torchWriterTo struct {
-	t *llm.Tensor
-
-	params *Params
-	bo     ByteOrder
-
-	storage  pytorch.StorageInterface
-	repacker func(string, []float32, []uint64) ([]float32, error)
-}
-
-type TorchFormat struct{}
-
-func (tf *TorchFormat) GetTensors(dirpath string, params *Params) ([]llm.Tensor, error) {
-	slog.Debug("getting torch tensors")
-
-	var files []string
-	if pt, _ := filepath.Glob(filepath.Join(dirpath, "consolidated*.pth")); len(pt) > 0 {
-		files = append(files, pt...)
-	} else if pt, _ := filepath.Glob(filepath.Join(dirpath, "pytorch_model*.pth")); len(pt) > 0 {
-		files = append(files, pt...)
-	}
-
-	var offset uint64
-	var tensors []llm.Tensor
-	for _, fn := range files {
-		m, err := pytorch.Load(fn)
-		if err != nil {
-			slog.Error(fmt.Sprintf("error unpickling: %q", err))
-			return []llm.Tensor{}, err
-		}
-
-		for _, k := range m.(*types.Dict).Keys() {
-			if strings.HasSuffix(k.(string), "self_attn.rotary_emb.inv_freq") {
-				continue
-			}
-
-			t, _ := m.(*types.Dict).Get(k)
-			tshape := t.(*pytorch.Tensor).Size
-
-			var size uint64
-			var kind uint32
-			switch len(tshape) {
-			case 0:
-				continue
-			case 1:
-				// convert to float32
-				kind = 0
-				size = uint64(tshape[0] * 4)
-			case 2:
-				// convert to float16
-				kind = 1
-				size = uint64(tshape[0] * tshape[1] * 2)
-			}
-
-			ggufName, err := tf.GetLayerName(k.(string))
-			if err != nil {
-				slog.Error(err.Error())
-				return nil, err
-			}
-			slog.Debug(fmt.Sprintf("'%35s': '%30s' %10d [%#v]", k.(string), ggufName, size, tshape))
-
-			shape := []uint64{0, 0, 0, 0}
-			for i := range tshape {
-				shape[i] = uint64(tshape[i])
-			}
-
-			tensor := llm.Tensor{
-				Name:   ggufName,
-				Kind:   kind,
-				Offset: offset, // calculate the offset
-				Shape:  shape[:],
-			}
-
-			tensor.WriterTo = torchWriterTo{
-				t:       &tensor,
-				params:  params,
-				bo:      params.ByteOrder,
-				storage: t.(*pytorch.Tensor).Source,
-			}
-
-			tensors = append(tensors, tensor)
-			offset += size
-		}
-	}
-
-	return tensors, nil
-
-}
-
-func getAltParams(dirpath string) (*Params, error) {
-	f, err := os.Open(filepath.Join(dirpath, "params.json"))
-	if err != nil {
-		slog.Error("no params.json")
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	defer f.Close()
-
-	type TorchParams struct {
-		HiddenSize     int     `json:"dim"`
-		AttentionHeads int     `json:"n_heads"`
-		KeyValHeads    int     `json:"n_kv_heads"`
-		HiddenLayers   int     `json:"n_layers"`
-		RopeTheta      float64 `json:"rope_theta"`
-		NormEPS        float64 `json:"norm_eps"`
-	}
-
-	var tparams TorchParams
-
-	d := json.NewDecoder(f)
-	err = d.Decode(&tparams)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	params := &Params{
-		Architectures:  []string{"LlamaForCausalLM"},
-		HiddenSize:     tparams.HiddenSize,
-		AttentionHeads: tparams.AttentionHeads,
-		KeyValHeads:    tparams.KeyValHeads,
-		HiddenLayers:   tparams.HiddenLayers,
-		NormEPS:        tparams.NormEPS,
-	}
-
-	switch {
-	case tparams.RopeTheta == 1000000:
-		// Codellama
-		params.ContextSize = 16384
-	case tparams.NormEPS == 1e-06:
-		// llama2
-		slog.Debug("Found llama2 - setting context size to 4096")
-		params.ContextSize = 4096
-	default:
-		params.ContextSize = 2048
-	}
-
-	params.ByteOrder = binary.LittleEndian
-	return params, nil
-}
-
-func (m *TorchFormat) GetParams(dirpath string) (*Params, error) {
-	f, err := os.Open(filepath.Join(dirpath, "config.json"))
-	if err != nil {
-		if os.IsNotExist(err) {
-			// try params.json instead
-			return getAltParams(dirpath)
-		} else {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-	}
-
-	var params Params
-	d := json.NewDecoder(f)
-	err = d.Decode(&params)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	params.ByteOrder = binary.LittleEndian
-	return &params, nil
-}
-
-func (m *TorchFormat) GetLayerName(n string) (string, error) {
-	directMap := map[string]string{
-		"tok_embeddings.weight":     "token_embd.weight",
-		"output.weight":             "output.weight",
-		"norm.weight":               "output_norm.weight",
-		"rope.freqs":                "rope_freqs.weight",
-		"model.embed_tokens.weight": "token_embd.weight",
-		"lm_head.weight":            "output.weight",
-		"model.norm.weight":         "output_norm.weight",
-	}
-
-	lMap := map[string]string{
-		"layers.(\\d+).attention_norm.weight":                 "blk.$1.attn_norm.weight",
-		"layers.(\\d+).attention_output_norm.weight":          "blk.$1.attn_norm.weight",
-		"layers.(\\d+).feed_forward.w2.weight":                "blk.$1.ffn_down.weight",
-		"layers.(\\d+).feed_forward.w1.weight":                "blk.$1.ffn_gate.weight",
-		"layers.(\\d+).feed_forward.w3.weight":                "blk.$1.ffn_up.weight",
-		"layers.(\\d+).ffn_norm.weight":                       "blk.$1.ffn_norm.weight",
-		"layers.(\\d+).attention.wk.weight":                   "blk.$1.attn_k.weight",
-		"layers.(\\d+).attention.wo.weight":                   "blk.$1.attn_output.weight",
-		"layers.(\\d+).attention.wq.weight":                   "blk.$1.attn_q.weight",
-		"layers.(\\d+).attention.wv.weight":                   "blk.$1.attn_v.weight",
-		"model.layers.(\\d+).input_layernorm.weight":          "blk.$1.attn_norm.weight",
-		"model.layers.(\\d+).mlp.down_proj.weight":            "blk.$1.ffn_down.weight",
-		"model.layers.(\\d+).mlp.gate_proj.weight":            "blk.$1.ffn_gate.weight",
-		"model.layers.(\\d+).mlp.up_proj.weight":              "blk.$1.ffn_up.weight",
-		"model.layers.(\\d+).post_attention_layernorm.weight": "blk.$1.ffn_norm.weight",
-		"model.layers.(\\d+).self_attn.k_proj.weight":         "blk.$1.attn_k.weight",
-		"model.layers.(\\d+).self_attn.o_proj.weight":         "blk.$1.attn_output.weight",
-		"model.layers.(\\d+).self_attn.q_proj.weight":         "blk.$1.attn_q.weight",
-		"model.layers.(\\d+).self_attn.v_proj.weight":         "blk.$1.attn_v.weight",
-	}
-
-	v, ok := directMap[n]
-	if ok {
-		return v, nil
-	}
-
-	// quick hack to rename the layers to gguf format
-	for k, v := range lMap {
-		re := regexp.MustCompile(k)
-		newName := re.ReplaceAllString(n, v)
-		if newName != n {
-			return newName, nil
-		}
-	}
-
-	return "", fmt.Errorf("couldn't find a layer name for '%s'", n)
-}
-
-func (r torchWriterTo) WriteTo(w io.Writer) (n int64, err error) {
-	var f32s []float32
-	switch s := r.storage.(type) {
-	case *pytorch.FloatStorage:
-		f32s = s.Data
-	case *pytorch.HalfStorage:
-		f32s = s.Data
-	case *pytorch.BFloat16Storage:
-		f32s = s.Data
-	default:
-		return 0, fmt.Errorf("unknown data type: %T", s)
-	}
-
-	if r.repacker != nil {
-		f32s, err = r.repacker(r.t.Name, f32s, r.t.Shape)
-		if err != nil {
-			return 0, err
-		}
-	}
-
-	switch r.t.Kind {
-	case 0:
-		return 0, binary.Write(w, r.bo, f32s)
-	case 1:
-		f16s := make([]uint16, len(f32s))
-		for i := range f32s {
-			f16s[i] = float16.Fromfloat32(f32s[i]).Bits()
-		}
-
-		return 0, binary.Write(w, r.bo, f16s)
-	default:
-		return 0, fmt.Errorf("unknown storage type: %d", r.t.Kind)
-	}
-}
-
-func (m *TorchFormat) GetModelArch(name, dirPath string, params *Params) (ModelArch, error) {
-	switch len(params.Architectures) {
-	case 0:
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("No architecture specified to convert")
-	case 1:
-		switch params.Architectures[0] {
-		case "LlamaForCausalLM":
-			return &LlamaModel{
-				ModelData{
-					Name:   name,
-					Path:   dirPath,
-					Params: params,
-					Format: m,
-				},
-			}, nil
-		default:
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("Models based on '%s' are not yet supported", params.Architectures[0])
-		}
-	}
-
-	return nil, fmt.Errorf("Unknown error")
-}
--- a/docs/README.md
+++ b/docs/README.md
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 * [Importing models](./import.md)
 * [Linux Documentation](./linux.md)
 * [Windows Documentation](./windows.md)
-* [Docker Documentation](./docker.md)
+* [Docker Documentation](https://hub.docker.com/r/ollama/ollama)

 ### Reference

--- a/docs/api.md
+++ b/docs/api.md
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@

 ### Model names

-Model names follow a `model:tag` format, where `model` can have an optional namespace such as `example/model`. Some examples are `orca-mini:3b-q4_1` and `llama3:70b`. The tag is optional and, if not provided, will default to `latest`. The tag is used to identify a specific version.
+Model names follow a `model:tag` format, where `model` can have an optional namespace such as `example/model`. Some examples are `orca-mini:3b-q4_1` and `llama2:70b`. The tag is optional and, if not provided, will default to `latest`. The tag is used to identify a specific version.

 ### Durations

@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ Enable JSON mode by setting the `format` parameter to `json`. This will structur

 ```shell
 curl http://localhost:11434/api/generate -d '{
-  "model": "llama3",
+  "model": "llama2",
  "prompt": "Why is the sky blue?"
 }'
 ```
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ A stream of JSON objects is returned:

 ```json
 {
-  "model": "llama3",
+  "model": "llama2",
  "created_at": "2023-08-04T08:52:19.385406455-07:00",
  "response": "The",
  "done": false
@@ -90,16 +90,16 @@ The final response in the stream also includes additional data about the generat
 - `load_duration`: time spent in nanoseconds loading the model
 - `prompt_eval_count`: number of tokens in the prompt
 - `prompt_eval_duration`: time spent in nanoseconds evaluating the prompt
- `eval_count`: number of tokens in the response
+- `eval_count`: number of tokens the response
 - `eval_duration`: time in nanoseconds spent generating the response
 - `context`: an encoding of the conversation used in this response, this can be sent in the next request to keep a conversational memory
 - `response`: empty if the response was streamed, if not streamed, this will contain the full response

-To calculate how fast the response is generated in tokens per second (token/s), divide `eval_count` / `eval_duration` * `10^9`.
+To calculate how fast the response is generated in tokens per second (token/s), divide `eval_count` / `eval_duration`.

 ```json
 {
-  "model": "llama3",
+  "model": "llama2",
  "created_at": "2023-08-04T19:22:45.499127Z",
  "response": "",
  "done": true,
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ A response can be received in one reply when streaming is off.

 ```shell
 curl http://localhost:11434/api/generate -d '{
-  "model": "llama3",
+  "model": "llama2",
  "prompt": "Why is the sky blue?",
  "stream": false
 }'
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ If `stream` is set to `false`, the response will be a single JSON object:

 ```json
 {
-  "model": "llama3",
+  "model": "llama2",
  "created_at": "2023-08-04T19:22:45.499127Z",
  "response": "The sky is blue because it is the color of the sky.",
  "done": true,
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ If `stream` is set to `false`, the response will be a single JSON object:

 ```shell
 curl http://localhost:11434/api/generate -d '{
-  "model": "llama3",
+  "model": "llama2",
  "prompt": "What color is the sky at different times of the day? Respond using JSON",
  "format": "json",
  "stream": false
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ curl http://localhost:11434/api/generate -d '{

 ```json
 {
-  "model": "llama3",
+  "model": "llama2",
  "created_at": "2023-11-09T21:07:55.186497Z",
  "response": "{\n\"morning\": {\n\"color\": \"blue\"\n},\n\"noon\": {\n\"color\": \"blue-gray\"\n},\n\"afternoon\": {\n\"color\": \"warm gray\"\n},\n\"evening\": {\n\"color\": \"orange\"\n}\n}\n",
  "done": true,
@@ -289,7 +289,7 @@ If you want to set custom options for the model at runtime rather than in the Mo

 ```shell
 curl http://localhost:11434/api/generate -d '{
-  "model": "llama3",
+  "model": "llama2",
  "prompt": "Why is the sky blue?",
  "stream": false,
  "options": {
@@ -313,6 +313,7 @@ curl http://localhost:11434/api/generate -d '{
    "numa": false,
    "num_ctx": 1024,
    "num_batch": 2,
+    "num_gqa": 1,
    "num_gpu": 1,
    "main_gpu": 0,
    "low_vram": false,
@@ -320,6 +321,8 @@ curl http://localhost:11434/api/generate -d '{
    "vocab_only": false,
    "use_mmap": true,
    "use_mlock": false,
+    "rope_frequency_base": 1.1,
+    "rope_frequency_scale": 0.8,
    "num_thread": 8
  }
 }'
@@ -329,7 +332,7 @@ curl http://localhost:11434/api/generate -d '{

 ```json
 {
-  "model": "llama3",
+  "model": "llama2",
  "created_at": "2023-08-04T19:22:45.499127Z",
  "response": "The sky is blue because it is the color of the sky.",
  "done": true,
@@ -351,7 +354,7 @@ If an empty prompt is provided, the model will be loaded into memory.

 ```shell
 curl http://localhost:11434/api/generate -d '{
-  "model": "llama3"
+  "model": "llama2"
 }'
 ```

@@ -361,7 +364,7 @@ A single JSON object is returned:

 ```json
 {
-  "model": "llama3",
+  "model": "llama2",
  "created_at": "2023-12-18T19:52:07.071755Z",
  "response": "",
  "done": true
@@ -404,7 +407,7 @@ Send a chat message with a streaming response.

 ```shell
 curl http://localhost:11434/api/chat -d '{
-  "model": "llama3",
+  "model": "llama2",
  "messages": [
    {
      "role": "user",
@@ -420,7 +423,7 @@ A stream of JSON objects is returned:

 ```json
 {
-  "model": "llama3",
+  "model": "llama2",
  "created_at": "2023-08-04T08:52:19.385406455-07:00",
  "message": {
    "role": "assistant",
@@ -435,7 +438,7 @@ Final response:

 ```json
 {
-  "model": "llama3",
+  "model": "llama2",
  "created_at": "2023-08-04T19:22:45.499127Z",
  "done": true,
  "total_duration": 4883583458,
@@ -453,7 +456,7 @@ Final response:

 ```shell
 curl http://localhost:11434/api/chat -d '{
-  "model": "llama3",
+  "model": "llama2",
  "messages": [
    {
      "role": "user",
@@ -468,7 +471,7 @@ curl http://localhost:11434/api/chat -d '{

 ```json
 {
-  "model": "registry.ollama.ai/library/llama3:latest",
+  "model": "registry.ollama.ai/library/llama2:latest",
  "created_at": "2023-12-12T14:13:43.416799Z",
  "message": {
    "role": "assistant",
@@ -492,7 +495,7 @@ Send a chat message with a conversation history. You can use this same approach

 ```shell
 curl http://localhost:11434/api/chat -d '{
-  "model": "llama3",
+  "model": "llama2",
  "messages": [
    {
      "role": "user",
@@ -516,7 +519,7 @@ A stream of JSON objects is returned:

 ```json
 {
-  "model": "llama3",
+  "model": "llama2",
  "created_at": "2023-08-04T08:52:19.385406455-07:00",
  "message": {
    "role": "assistant",
@@ -530,7 +533,7 @@ Final response:

 ```json
 {
-  "model": "llama3",
+  "model": "llama2",
  "created_at": "2023-08-04T19:22:45.499127Z",
  "done": true,
  "total_duration": 8113331500,
@@ -588,7 +591,7 @@ curl http://localhost:11434/api/chat -d '{

 ```shell
 curl http://localhost:11434/api/chat -d '{
-  "model": "llama3",
+  "model": "llama2",
  "messages": [
    {
      "role": "user",
@@ -606,7 +609,7 @@ curl http://localhost:11434/api/chat -d '{

 ```json
 {
-  "model": "registry.ollama.ai/library/llama3:latest",
+  "model": "registry.ollama.ai/library/llama2:latest",
  "created_at": "2023-12-12T14:13:43.416799Z",
  "message": {
    "role": "assistant",
@@ -648,7 +651,7 @@ Create a new model from a `Modelfile`.
 ```shell
 curl http://localhost:11434/api/create -d '{
  "name": "mario",
-  "modelfile": "FROM llama3\nSYSTEM You are mario from Super Mario Bros."
+  "modelfile": "FROM llama2\nSYSTEM You are mario from Super Mario Bros."
 }'
 ```

@@ -755,7 +758,7 @@ A single JSON object will be returned.
      }
    },
    {
-      "name": "llama3:latest",
+      "name": "llama2:latest",
      "modified_at": "2023-12-07T09:32:18.757212583-08:00",
      "size": 3825819519,
      "digest": "fe938a131f40e6f6d40083c9f0f430a515233eb2edaa6d72eb85c50d64f2300e",
@@ -789,7 +792,7 @@ Show information about a model including details, modelfile, template, parameter

 ```shell
 curl http://localhost:11434/api/show -d '{
-  "name": "llama3"
+  "name": "llama2"
 }'
 ```

@@ -797,9 +800,9 @@ curl http://localhost:11434/api/show -d '{

 ```json
 {
-  "modelfile": "# Modelfile generated by \"ollama show\"\n# To build a new Modelfile based on this one, replace the FROM line with:\n# FROM llava:latest\n\nFROM /Users/matt/.ollama/models/blobs/sha256:200765e1283640ffbd013184bf496e261032fa75b99498a9613be4e94d63ad52\nTEMPLATE \"\"\"{{ .System }}\nUSER: {{ .Prompt }}\nASSISTANT: \"\"\"\nPARAMETER num_ctx 4096\nPARAMETER stop \"\u003c/s\u003e\"\nPARAMETER stop \"USER:\"\nPARAMETER stop \"ASSISTANT:\"",
-  "parameters": "num_ctx                        4096\nstop                           \u003c/s\u003e\nstop                           USER:\nstop                           ASSISTANT:",
-  "template": "{{ .System }}\nUSER: {{ .Prompt }}\nASSISTANT: ",
+  "modelfile": "# Modelfile generated by \"ollama show\"\n# To build a new Modelfile based on this one, replace the FROM line with:\n# FROM llava:latest\n\nFROM /Users/matt/.ollama/models/blobs/sha256:200765e1283640ffbd013184bf496e261032fa75b99498a9613be4e94d63ad52\nTEMPLATE \"\"\"{{ .System }}\nUSER: {{ .Prompt }}\nASSSISTANT: \"\"\"\nPARAMETER num_ctx 4096\nPARAMETER stop \"\u003c/s\u003e\"\nPARAMETER stop \"USER:\"\nPARAMETER stop \"ASSSISTANT:\"",
+  "parameters": "num_ctx                        4096\nstop                           \u003c/s\u003e\nstop                           USER:\nstop                           ASSSISTANT:",
+  "template": "{{ .System }}\nUSER: {{ .Prompt }}\nASSSISTANT: ",
  "details": {
    "format": "gguf",
    "family": "llama",
@@ -824,8 +827,8 @@ Copy a model. Creates a model with another name from an existing model.

 ```shell
 curl http://localhost:11434/api/copy -d '{
-  "source": "llama3",
-  "destination": "llama3-backup"
+  "source": "llama2",
+  "destination": "llama2-backup"
 }'
 ```

@@ -851,7 +854,7 @@ Delete a model and its data.

 ```shell
 curl -X DELETE http://localhost:11434/api/delete -d '{
-  "name": "llama3:13b"
+  "name": "llama2:13b"
 }'
 ```

@@ -879,7 +882,7 @@ Download a model from the ollama library. Cancelled pulls are resumed from where

 ```shell
 curl http://localhost:11434/api/pull -d '{
-  "name": "llama3"
+  "name": "llama2"
 }'
 ```

--- a/docs/development.md
+++ b/docs/development.md
@@ -6,8 +6,6 @@ Install required tools:
 - go version 1.22 or higher
 - gcc version 11.4.0 or higher

-### MacOS
-
 ```bash
 brew install go cmake gcc
 ```
@@ -25,13 +23,7 @@ export OLLAMA_DEBUG=1
 Get the required libraries and build the native LLM code:

 ```bash
-go generate ./...
-```
-
-Then build ollama:
-
-```bash
-go build .
+go run build.go
 ```

 Now you can run `ollama`:
@@ -40,6 +32,16 @@ Now you can run `ollama`:
 ./ollama
 ```

+### Rebuilding the native code
+
+If at any point you need to rebuild the native code, you can run the
+build.go script again using the `-f` flag to force a rebuild, and,
+optionally, the `-d` flag to skip building the Go binary:
+
+```bash
+go run build.go -f -d
+```
+
 ### Linux

 #### Linux CUDA (NVIDIA)
@@ -53,18 +55,12 @@ Typically the build scripts will auto-detect CUDA, however, if your Linux distro
 or installation approach uses unusual paths, you can specify the location by
 specifying an environment variable `CUDA_LIB_DIR` to the location of the shared
 libraries, and `CUDACXX` to the location of the nvcc compiler. You can customize
-a set of target CUDA architectures by setting `CMAKE_CUDA_ARCHITECTURES` (e.g. "50;60;70")
-
-Then generate dependencies:
-
-```
-go generate ./...
-```
+set set of target CUDA architectues by setting `CMAKE_CUDA_ARCHITECTURES` (e.g. "50;60;70")

 Then build the binary:

 ```
-go build .
+go run build.go
 ```

 #### Linux ROCm (AMD)
@@ -80,21 +76,17 @@ install (typically `/opt/rocm`), and `CLBlast_DIR` to the location of the
 CLBlast install (typically `/usr/lib/cmake/CLBlast`). You can also customize
 the AMD GPU targets by setting AMDGPU_TARGETS (e.g. `AMDGPU_TARGETS="gfx1101;gfx1102"`)

-```
-go generate ./...
-```
-
 Then build the binary:

 ```
-go build .
+go run build.go
 ```

 ROCm requires elevated privileges to access the GPU at runtime. On most distros you can add your user account to the `render` group, or run as root.

 #### Advanced CPU Settings

-By default, running `go generate ./...` will compile a few different variations
+By default, running `go run build.go` will compile a few different variations
 of the LLM library based on common CPU families and vector math capabilities,
 including a lowest-common-denominator which should run on almost any 64 bit CPU
 somewhat slowly. At runtime, Ollama will auto-detect the optimal variation to
@@ -104,8 +96,7 @@ like to use. For example, to compile an optimized binary for an Intel i9-9880H,
 you might use:

 ```
-OLLAMA_CUSTOM_CPU_DEFS="-DLLAMA_AVX=on -DLLAMA_AVX2=on -DLLAMA_F16C=on -DLLAMA_FMA=on" go generate ./...
-go build .
+OLLAMA_CUSTOM_CPU_DEFS="-DLLAMA_AVX=on -DLLAMA_AVX2=on -DLLAMA_F16C=on -DLLAMA_FMA=on" go run build.go
 ```

 #### Containerized Linux Build
@@ -126,8 +117,7 @@ Install required tools:

 ```powershell
 $env:CGO_ENABLED="1"
-go generate ./...
-go build .
+go run build.go
 ```

 #### Windows CUDA (NVIDIA)
--- a/docs/docker.md
+++ b/docs/docker.md
@@ -1,71 +0,0 @@
-# Ollama Docker image
-
-### CPU only
-
-```bash
-docker run -d -v ollama:/root/.ollama -p 11434:11434 --name ollama ollama/ollama
-```
-
-### Nvidia GPU
-Install the [NVIDIA Container Toolkit](https://docs.nvidia.com/datacenter/cloud-native/container-toolkit/latest/install-guide.html#installation).
-
-#### Install with Apt
-1.  Configure the repository
-```bash
-curl -fsSL https://nvidia.github.io/libnvidia-container/gpgkey \
-    | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /usr/share/keyrings/nvidia-container-toolkit-keyring.gpg
-curl -s -L https://nvidia.github.io/libnvidia-container/stable/deb/nvidia-container-toolkit.list \
-    | sed 's#deb https://#deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/nvidia-container-toolkit-keyring.gpg] https://#g' \
-    | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/nvidia-container-toolkit.list
-sudo apt-get update
-```
-2.  Install the NVIDIA Container Toolkit packages
-```bash
-sudo apt-get install -y nvidia-container-toolkit
-```
-
-#### Install with Yum or Dnf
-1.  Configure the repository
-    
-```bash
-curl -s -L https://nvidia.github.io/libnvidia-container/stable/rpm/nvidia-container-toolkit.repo \
-    | sudo tee /etc/yum.repos.d/nvidia-container-toolkit.repo
-```
-    
-2. Install the NVIDIA Container Toolkit packages
-    
-```bash
-sudo yum install -y nvidia-container-toolkit
-```
-
-#### Configure Docker to use Nvidia driver 
-```
-sudo nvidia-ctk runtime configure --runtime=docker
-sudo systemctl restart docker
-```
-
-#### Start the container
-
-```bash
-docker run -d --gpus=all -v ollama:/root/.ollama -p 11434:11434 --name ollama ollama/ollama
-```
-
-### AMD GPU
-
-To run Ollama using Docker with AMD GPUs, use the `rocm` tag and the following command:
-
-```
-docker run -d --device /dev/kfd --device /dev/dri -v ollama:/root/.ollama -p 11434:11434 --name ollama ollama/ollama:rocm
-```
-
-### Run model locally
-
-Now you can run a model:
-
-```
-docker exec -it ollama ollama run llama3
-```
-
-### Try different models
-
-More models can be found on the [Ollama library](https://ollama.com/library).
--- a/docs/faq.md
+++ b/docs/faq.md
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ Ollama on macOS and Windows will automatically download updates. Click on the ta

 On Linux, re-run the install script:

-```shell
+```
 curl -fsSL https://ollama.com/install.sh | sh
 ```

@@ -30,9 +30,9 @@ To change this when using `ollama run`, use `/set parameter`:

 When using the API, specify the `num_ctx` parameter:

-```shell
+```
 curl http://localhost:11434/api/generate -d '{
-  "model": "llama3",
+  "model": "llama2",
  "prompt": "Why is the sky blue?",
  "options": {
    "num_ctx": 4096
@@ -40,21 +40,6 @@ curl http://localhost:11434/api/generate -d '{
 }'
 ```

-## How can I tell if my model was loaded onto the GPU?
-
-Use the `ollama ps` command to see what models are currently loaded into memory.
-
-```shell
-ollama ps
-NAME      	ID          	SIZE 	PROCESSOR	UNTIL
-llama3:70b	bcfb190ca3a7	42 GB	100% GPU 	4 minutes from now
-```
-
-The `Processor` column will show which memory the model was loaded in to:
-* `100% GPU` means the model was loaded entirely into the GPU
-* `100% CPU` means the model was loaded entirely in system memory
-* `48%/52% CPU/GPU` means the model was loaded partially onto both the GPU and into system memory
-
 ## How do I configure Ollama server?

 Ollama server can be configured with environment variables.
@@ -95,48 +80,18 @@ If Ollama is run as a systemd service, environment variables should be set using

 ### Setting environment variables on Windows

-On Windows, Ollama inherits your user and system environment variables.
+On windows, Ollama inherits your user and system environment variables.

-1. First Quit Ollama by clicking on it in the task bar.
+1. First Quit Ollama by clicking on it in the task bar

-2. Start the Settings (Windows 11) or Control Panel (Windows 10) application and search for _environment variables_.
+2. Edit system environment variables from the control panel

-3. Click on _Edit environment variables for your account_.
+3. Edit or create New variable(s) for your user account for `OLLAMA_HOST`, `OLLAMA_MODELS`, etc.

-4. Edit or create a new variable for your user account for `OLLAMA_HOST`, `OLLAMA_MODELS`, etc.
+4. Click OK/Apply to save 

-5. Click OK/Apply to save.
+5. Run `ollama` from a new terminal window 

-6. Start the Ollama application from the Windows Start menu.
-
-## How do I use Ollama behind a proxy?
-
-Ollama is compatible with proxy servers if `HTTP_PROXY` or `HTTPS_PROXY` are configured. When using either variables, ensure it is set where `ollama serve` can access the values. When using `HTTPS_PROXY`, ensure the proxy certificate is installed as a system certificate. Refer to the section above for how to use environment variables on your platform.
-
-### How do I use Ollama behind a proxy in Docker?
-
-The Ollama Docker container image can be configured to use a proxy by passing `-e HTTPS_PROXY=https://proxy.example.com` when starting the container.
-
-Alternatively, the Docker daemon can be configured to use a proxy. Instructions are available for Docker Desktop on [macOS](https://docs.docker.com/desktop/settings/mac/#proxies), [Windows](https://docs.docker.com/desktop/settings/windows/#proxies), and [Linux](https://docs.docker.com/desktop/settings/linux/#proxies), and Docker [daemon with systemd](https://docs.docker.com/config/daemon/systemd/#httphttps-proxy).
-
-Ensure the certificate is installed as a system certificate when using HTTPS. This may require a new Docker image when using a self-signed certificate.
-
-```dockerfile
-FROM ollama/ollama
-COPY my-ca.pem /usr/local/share/ca-certificates/my-ca.crt
-RUN update-ca-certificates
-```
-
-Build and run this image:
-
-```shell
-docker build -t ollama-with-ca .
-docker run -d -e HTTPS_PROXY=https://my.proxy.example.com -p 11434:11434 ollama-with-ca
-```
-
-## Does Ollama send my prompts and answers back to ollama.com?
-
-No. Ollama runs locally, and conversation data does not leave your machine.

 ## How can I expose Ollama on my network?

@@ -163,7 +118,7 @@ server {

 Ollama can be accessed using a range of tools for tunneling tools. For example with Ngrok:

-```shell
+```
 ngrok http 11434 --host-header="localhost:11434"
 ```

@@ -171,7 +126,7 @@ ngrok http 11434 --host-header="localhost:11434"

 To use Ollama with Cloudflare Tunnel, use the `--url` and `--http-host-header` flags:

-```shell
+```
 cloudflared tunnel --url http://localhost:11434 --http-host-header="localhost:11434"
 ```

@@ -185,7 +140,7 @@ Refer to the section [above](#how-do-i-configure-ollama-server) for how to set e

 - macOS: `~/.ollama/models`
 - Linux: `/usr/share/ollama/.ollama/models`
- Windows: `C:\Users\%username%\.ollama\models`
+- Windows: `C:\Users\<username>\.ollama\models`

 ### How do I set them to a different location?

@@ -193,10 +148,39 @@ If a different directory needs to be used, set the environment variable `OLLAMA_

 Refer to the section [above](#how-do-i-configure-ollama-server) for how to set environment variables on your platform.

+## Does Ollama send my prompts and answers back to ollama.com?
+
+No. Ollama runs locally, and conversation data does not leave your machine.
+
 ## How can I use Ollama in Visual Studio Code?

 There is already a large collection of plugins available for VSCode as well as other editors that leverage Ollama. See the list of [extensions & plugins](https://github.com/ollama/ollama#extensions--plugins) at the bottom of the main repository readme.

+## How do I use Ollama behind a proxy?
+
+Ollama is compatible with proxy servers if `HTTP_PROXY` or `HTTPS_PROXY` are configured. When using either variables, ensure it is set where `ollama serve` can access the values. When using `HTTPS_PROXY`, ensure the proxy certificate is installed as a system certificate. Refer to the section above for how to use environment variables on your platform.
+
+### How do I use Ollama behind a proxy in Docker?
+
+The Ollama Docker container image can be configured to use a proxy by passing `-e HTTPS_PROXY=https://proxy.example.com` when starting the container.
+
+Alternatively, the Docker daemon can be configured to use a proxy. Instructions are available for Docker Desktop on [macOS](https://docs.docker.com/desktop/settings/mac/#proxies), [Windows](https://docs.docker.com/desktop/settings/windows/#proxies), and [Linux](https://docs.docker.com/desktop/settings/linux/#proxies), and Docker [daemon with systemd](https://docs.docker.com/config/daemon/systemd/#httphttps-proxy).
+
+Ensure the certificate is installed as a system certificate when using HTTPS. This may require a new Docker image when using a self-signed certificate.
+
+```dockerfile
+FROM ollama/ollama
+COPY my-ca.pem /usr/local/share/ca-certificates/my-ca.crt
+RUN update-ca-certificates
+```
+
+Build and run this image:
+
+```shell
+docker build -t ollama-with-ca .
+docker run -d -e HTTPS_PROXY=https://my.proxy.example.com -p 11434:11434 ollama-with-ca
+```
+
 ## How do I use Ollama with GPU acceleration in Docker?

 The Ollama Docker container can be configured with GPU acceleration in Linux or Windows (with WSL2). This requires the [nvidia-container-toolkit](https://github.com/NVIDIA/nvidia-container-toolkit). See [ollama/ollama](https://hub.docker.com/r/ollama/ollama) for more details.
@@ -211,7 +195,7 @@ Open `Control Panel > Networking and Internet > View network status and tasks` a
 Click on `Configure` and open the `Advanced` tab. Search through each of the properties until you find `Large Send Offload Version 2 (IPv4)` and `Large Send Offload Version 2 (IPv6)`. *Disable* both of these
 properties.

-## How can I preload a model into Ollama to get faster response times?
+## How can I pre-load a model to get faster response times?

 If you are using the API you can preload a model by sending the Ollama server an empty request. This works with both the `/api/generate` and `/api/chat` API endpoints.

@@ -225,11 +209,6 @@ To use the chat completions endpoint, use:
 curl http://localhost:11434/api/chat -d '{"model": "mistral"}'
 ```

-To preload a model using the CLI, use the command:
-```shell
-ollama run llama3 ""
-```
-
 ## How do I keep a model loaded in memory or make it unload immediately?

 By default models are kept in memory for 5 minutes before being unloaded. This allows for quicker response times if you are making numerous requests to the LLM. You may, however, want to free up the memory before the 5 minutes have elapsed or keep the model loaded indefinitely. Use the `keep_alive` parameter with either the `/api/generate` and `/api/chat` API endpoints to control how long the model is left in memory.
@@ -242,18 +221,10 @@ The `keep_alive` parameter can be set to:

 For example, to preload a model and leave it in memory use:
 ```shell
-curl http://localhost:11434/api/generate -d '{"model": "llama3", "keep_alive": -1}'
+curl http://localhost:11434/api/generate -d '{"model": "llama2", "keep_alive": -1}'
 ```

 To unload the model and free up memory use:
 ```shell
-curl http://localhost:11434/api/generate -d '{"model": "llama3", "keep_alive": 0}'
+curl http://localhost:11434/api/generate -d '{"model": "llama2", "keep_alive": 0}'
 ```
-
-Alternatively, you can change the amount of time all models are loaded into memory by setting the `OLLAMA_KEEP_ALIVE` environment variable when starting the Ollama server. The `OLLAMA_KEEP_ALIVE` variable uses the same parameter types as the `keep_alive` parameter types mentioned above. Refer to section explaining [how to configure the Ollama server](#how-do-i-configure-ollama-server) to correctly set the environment variable.
-
-If you wish to override the `OLLAMA_KEEP_ALIVE` setting, use the `keep_alive` API parameter with the `/api/generate` or `/api/chat` API endpoints.
-
-## How do I manage the maximum number of requests the Ollama server can queue?
-
-If too many requests are sent to the server, it will respond with a 503 error indicating the server is overloaded.  You can adjust how many requests may be queue by setting `OLLAMA_MAX_QUEUE`.
--- a/docs/import.md
+++ b/docs/import.md
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ Publishing models is in early alpha. If you'd like to publish your model to shar

 1. Create [an account](https://ollama.com/signup)
 2. Copy your Ollama public key:
-  - macOS: `cat ~/.ollama/id_ed25519.pub | pbcopy`
+  - macOS: `cat ~/.ollama/id_ed25519.pub`
  - Windows: `type %USERPROFILE%\.ollama\id_ed25519.pub`
  - Linux: `cat /usr/share/ollama/.ollama/id_ed25519.pub`
 3. Add your public key to your [Ollama account](https://ollama.com/settings/keys)
@@ -136,8 +136,6 @@ Next, copy your model to your username's namespace:
 ollama cp example <your username>/example
 ```

-> Note: model names may only contain lowercase letters, digits, and the characters `.`, `-`, and `_`.
-
 Then push the model:

 ```
--- a/docs/linux.md
+++ b/docs/linux.md
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/ollama
 To view logs of Ollama running as a startup service, run:

 ```bash
-journalctl -e -u ollama
+journalctl -u ollama
 ```

 ## Uninstall
--- a/docs/modelfile.md
+++ b/docs/modelfile.md
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ A model file is the blueprint to create and share models with Ollama.
 - [Examples](#examples)
 - [Instructions](#instructions)
  - [FROM (Required)](#from-required)
-    - [Build from llama3](#build-from-llama3)
+    - [Build from llama2](#build-from-llama2)
    - [Build from a bin file](#build-from-a-bin-file)
  - [PARAMETER](#parameter)
    - [Valid Parameters and Values](#valid-parameters-and-values)
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ INSTRUCTION arguments
 An example of a `Modelfile` creating a mario blueprint:

 ```modelfile
-FROM llama3
+FROM llama2
 # sets the temperature to 1 [higher is more creative, lower is more coherent]
 PARAMETER temperature 1
 # sets the context window size to 4096, this controls how many tokens the LLM can use as context to generate the next token
@@ -67,25 +67,33 @@ To use this:

 More examples are available in the [examples directory](../examples).

-To view the Modelfile of a given model, use the `ollama show --modelfile` command.
+### `Modelfile`s in [ollama.com/library][1]
+
+There are two ways to view `Modelfile`s underlying the models in [ollama.com/library][1]:
+
+- Option 1: view a details page from a model's tags page:
+  1.  Go to a particular model's tags (e.g. https://ollama.com/library/llama2/tags)
+  2.  Click on a tag (e.g. https://ollama.com/library/llama2:13b)
+  3.  Scroll down to "Layers"
+      - Note: if the [`FROM` instruction](#from-required) is not present,
+        it means the model was created from a local file
+- Option 2: use `ollama show` to print the `Modelfile` for any local models like so:

  ```bash
-  > ollama show --modelfile llama3
+  > ollama show --modelfile llama2:13b
  # Modelfile generated by "ollama show"
  # To build a new Modelfile based on this one, replace the FROM line with:
-  # FROM llama3:latest
-  FROM /Users/pdevine/.ollama/models/blobs/sha256-00e1317cbf74d901080d7100f57580ba8dd8de57203072dc6f668324ba545f29
-  TEMPLATE """{{ if .System }}<|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>
+  # FROM llama2:13b

-  {{ .System }}<|eot_id|>{{ end }}{{ if .Prompt }}<|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>
+  FROM /root/.ollama/models/blobs/sha256:123abc
+  TEMPLATE """[INST] {{ if .System }}<<SYS>>{{ .System }}<</SYS>>

-  {{ .Prompt }}<|eot_id|>{{ end }}<|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>
-
-  {{ .Response }}<|eot_id|>"""
-  PARAMETER stop "<|start_header_id|>"
-  PARAMETER stop "<|end_header_id|>"
-  PARAMETER stop "<|eot_id|>"
-  PARAMETER stop "<|reserved_special_token"
+  {{ end }}{{ .Prompt }} [/INST] """
+  SYSTEM """"""
+  PARAMETER stop [INST]
+  PARAMETER stop [/INST]
+  PARAMETER stop <<SYS>>
+  PARAMETER stop <</SYS>>
  ```

 ## Instructions
@@ -98,10 +106,10 @@ The `FROM` instruction defines the base model to use when creating a model.
 FROM <model name>:<tag>
 ```

-#### Build from llama3
+#### Build from llama2

 ```modelfile
-FROM llama3
+FROM llama2
 ```

 A list of available base models:
@@ -131,6 +139,9 @@ PARAMETER <parameter> <parametervalue>
 | mirostat_eta   | Influences how quickly the algorithm responds to feedback from the generated text. A lower learning rate will result in slower adjustments, while a higher learning rate will make the algorithm more responsive. (Default: 0.1)                        | float      | mirostat_eta 0.1     |
 | mirostat_tau   | Controls the balance between coherence and diversity of the output. A lower value will result in more focused and coherent text. (Default: 5.0)                                                                                                         | float      | mirostat_tau 5.0     |
 | num_ctx        | Sets the size of the context window used to generate the next token. (Default: 2048)                                                                                                                                                                    | int        | num_ctx 4096         |
+| num_gqa        | The number of GQA groups in the transformer layer. Required for some models, for example it is 8 for llama2:70b                                                                                                                                         | int        | num_gqa 1            |
+| num_gpu        | The number of layers to send to the GPU(s). On macOS it defaults to 1 to enable metal support, 0 to disable.                                                                                                                                            | int        | num_gpu 50           |
+| num_thread     | Sets the number of threads to use during computation. By default, Ollama will detect this for optimal performance. It is recommended to set this value to the number of physical CPU cores your system has (as opposed to the logical number of cores). | int        | num_thread 8         |
 | repeat_last_n  | Sets how far back for the model to look back to prevent repetition. (Default: 64, 0 = disabled, -1 = num_ctx)                                                                                                                                           | int        | repeat_last_n 64     |
 | repeat_penalty | Sets how strongly to penalize repetitions. A higher value (e.g., 1.5) will penalize repetitions more strongly, while a lower value (e.g., 0.9) will be more lenient. (Default: 1.1)                                                                     | float      | repeat_penalty 1.1   |
 | temperature    | The temperature of the model. Increasing the temperature will make the model answer more creatively. (Default: 0.8)                                                                                                                                     | float      | temperature 0.7      |
--- a/docs/openai.md
+++ b/docs/openai.md
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ chat_completion = client.chat.completions.create(
            'content': 'Say this is a test',
        }
    ],
-    model='llama3',
+    model='llama2',
 )
 ```

@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ const openai = new OpenAI({

 const chatCompletion = await openai.chat.completions.create({
  messages: [{ role: 'user', content: 'Say this is a test' }],
-  model: 'llama3',
+  model: 'llama2',
 })
 ```

@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ const chatCompletion = await openai.chat.completions.create({
 curl http://localhost:11434/v1/chat/completions \
    -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
    -d '{
-        "model": "llama3",
+        "model": "llama2",
        "messages": [
            {
                "role": "system",
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ curl http://localhost:11434/v1/chat/completions \
 Before using a model, pull it locally `ollama pull`:

 ```shell
-ollama pull llama3
+ollama pull llama2
 ```

 ### Default model names
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ ollama pull llama3
 For tooling that relies on default OpenAI model names such as `gpt-3.5-turbo`, use `ollama cp` to copy an existing model name to a temporary name:

 ```
-ollama cp llama3 gpt-3.5-turbo
+ollama cp llama2 gpt-3.5-turbo
 ```

 Afterwards, this new model name can be specified the `model` field:
--- a/docs/troubleshooting.md
+++ b/docs/troubleshooting.md
@@ -1,86 +1,85 @@
-# How to troubleshoot issues
-
-Sometimes Ollama may not perform as expected. One of the best ways to figure out what happened is to take a look at the logs. Find the logs on **Mac** by running the command:
-
-```shell
-cat ~/.ollama/logs/server.log
-```
-
-On **Linux** systems with systemd, the logs can be found with this command:
-
-```shell
-journalctl -u ollama
-```
-
-When you run Ollama in a **container**, the logs go to stdout/stderr in the container:
-
-```shell
-docker logs <container-name>
-```
-(Use `docker ps` to find the container name)
-
-If manually running `ollama serve` in a terminal, the logs will be on that terminal.
-
-When you run Ollama on **Windows**, there are a few different locations. You can view them in the explorer window by hitting `<cmd>+R` and type in:
- `explorer %LOCALAPPDATA%\Ollama` to view logs
- `explorer %LOCALAPPDATA%\Programs\Ollama` to browse the binaries (The installer adds this to your user PATH)
- `explorer %HOMEPATH%\.ollama` to browse where models and configuration is stored
- `explorer %TEMP%` where temporary executable files are stored in one or more `ollama*` directories
-
-To enable additional debug logging to help troubleshoot problems, first **Quit the running app from the tray menu** then in a powershell terminal
-```powershell
-$env:OLLAMA_DEBUG="1"
-& "ollama app.exe"
-```
-
-Join the [Discord](https://discord.gg/ollama) for help interpreting the logs.
-
-## LLM libraries
-
-Ollama includes multiple LLM libraries compiled for different GPUs and CPU vector features. Ollama tries to pick the best one based on the capabilities of your system. If this autodetection has problems, or you run into other problems (e.g. crashes in your GPU) you can workaround this by forcing a specific LLM library. `cpu_avx2` will perform the best, followed by `cpu_avx` an the slowest but most compatible is `cpu`. Rosetta emulation under MacOS will work with the `cpu` library. 
-
-In the server log, you will see a message that looks something like this (varies from release to release):
-
-```
-Dynamic LLM libraries [rocm_v6 cpu cpu_avx cpu_avx2 cuda_v11 rocm_v5]
-```
-
-**Experimental LLM Library Override**
-
-You can set OLLAMA_LLM_LIBRARY to any of the available LLM libraries to bypass autodetection, so for example, if you have a CUDA card, but want to force the CPU LLM library with AVX2 vector support, use:
-
-```
-OLLAMA_LLM_LIBRARY="cpu_avx2" ollama serve
-```
-
-You can see what features your CPU has with the following.
-```
-cat /proc/cpuinfo| grep flags | head -1
-```
-
-## Installing older or pre-release versions on Linux
-
-If you run into problems on Linux and want to install an older version, or you'd like to try out a pre-release before it's officially released, you can tell the install script which version to install.
-
-```sh
-curl -fsSL https://ollama.com/install.sh | OLLAMA_VERSION="0.1.29" sh
-```
-
-## Linux tmp noexec 
-
-If your system is configured with the "noexec" flag where Ollama stores its temporary executable files, you can specify an alternate location by setting OLLAMA_TMPDIR to a location writable by the user ollama runs as. For example OLLAMA_TMPDIR=/usr/share/ollama/
-
-## Container fails to run on NVIDIA GPU
-
-Make sure you've set up the container runtime first as described in [docker.md](./docker.md)
-
-Sometimes the container runtime can have difficulties initializing the GPU. When you check the server logs, this can show up as various error codes, such as "3" (not initialized), "46" (device unavailable), "100" (no device), "999" (unknown), or others. The following troubleshooting techniques may help resolve the problem
-
- Is the uvm driver not loaded? `sudo nvidia-modprobe -u`
- Try reloading the nvidia_uvm driver - `sudo rmmod nvidia_uvm` then `sudo modprobe nvidia_uvm`
- Try rebooting
- Make sure you're running the latest nvidia drivers
-
-If none of those resolve the problem, gather additional information and file an issue:
- Set `CUDA_ERROR_LEVEL=50` and try again to get more diagnostic logs
- Check dmesg for any errors `sudo dmesg | grep -i nvrm` and `sudo dmesg | grep -i nvidia`
+# How to troubleshoot issues
+
+Sometimes Ollama may not perform as expected. One of the best ways to figure out what happened is to take a look at the logs. Find the logs on **Mac** by running the command:
+
+```shell
+cat ~/.ollama/logs/server.log
+```
+
+On **Linux** systems with systemd, the logs can be found with this command:
+
+```shell
+journalctl -u ollama
+```
+
+When you run Ollama in a **container**, the logs go to stdout/stderr in the container:
+
+```shell
+docker logs <container-name>
+```
+(Use `docker ps` to find the container name)
+
+If manually running `ollama serve` in a terminal, the logs will be on that terminal.
+
+When you run Ollama on **Windows**, there are a few different locations.  You can view them in the explorer window by hitting `<cmd>+R` and type in:
+- `explorer %LOCALAPPDATA%\Ollama` to view logs
+- `explorer %LOCALAPPDATA%\Programs\Ollama` to browse the binaries (The installer adds this to your user PATH)
+- `explorer %HOMEPATH%\.ollama` to browse where models and configuration is stored
+- `explorer %TEMP%` where temporary executable files are stored in one or more `ollama*` directories
+
+To enable additional debug logging to help troubleshoot problems, first **Quit the running app from the tray menu** then in a powershell terminal
+```powershell
+$env:OLLAMA_DEBUG="1"
+& "ollama app.exe"
+```
+
+Join the [Discord](https://discord.gg/ollama) for help interpreting the logs.
+
+## LLM libraries
+
+Ollama includes multiple LLM libraries compiled for different GPUs and CPU
+vector features.  Ollama tries to pick the best one based on the capabilities of
+your system.  If this autodetection has problems, or you run into other problems
+(e.g. crashes in your GPU) you can workaround this by forcing a specific LLM
+library.  `cpu_avx2` will perform the best, followed by `cpu_avx` an the slowest
+but most compatible is `cpu`.  Rosetta emulation under MacOS will work with the
+`cpu` library. 
+
+In the server log, you will see a message that looks something like this (varies
+from release to release):
+
+```
+Dynamic LLM libraries [rocm_v6 cpu cpu_avx cpu_avx2 cuda_v11 rocm_v5]
+```
+
+**Experimental LLM Library Override**
+
+You can set OLLAMA_LLM_LIBRARY to any of the available LLM libraries to bypass
+autodetection, so for example, if you have a CUDA card, but want to force the
+CPU LLM library with AVX2 vector support, use:
+
+```
+OLLAMA_LLM_LIBRARY="cpu_avx2" ollama serve
+```
+
+You can see what features your CPU has with the following.  
+```
+cat /proc/cpuinfo| grep flags  | head -1
+```
+
+## Installing older or pre-release versions on Linux
+
+If you run into problems on Linux and want to install an older version, or you'd
+like to try out a pre-release before it's officially released, you can tell the
+install script which version to install.
+
+```sh
+curl -fsSL https://ollama.com/install.sh | OLLAMA_VERSION="0.1.29" sh
+```
+
+## Linux tmp noexec 
+
+If your system is configured with the "noexec" flag where Ollama stores its
+temporary executable files, you can specify an alternate location by setting
+OLLAMA_TMPDIR to a location writable by the user ollama runs as.  For example
+OLLAMA_TMPDIR=/usr/share/ollama/
--- a/docs/tutorials/langchainjs.md
+++ b/docs/tutorials/langchainjs.md
@@ -5,28 +5,28 @@ In this tutorial, we are going to use JavaScript with LangChain and Ollama to le
 To get started, let's just use **LangChain** to ask a simple question to a model. To do this with JavaScript, we need to install **LangChain**:

 ```bash
-npm install @langchain/community
+npm install langchain
 ```

 Now we can start building out our JavaScript:

 ```javascript
-import { Ollama } from "@langchain/community/llms/ollama";
+import { Ollama } from "langchain/llms/ollama";

 const ollama = new Ollama({
  baseUrl: "http://localhost:11434",
-  model: "llama3",
+  model: "llama2",
 });

-const answer = await ollama.invoke(`why is the sky blue?`);
+const answer = await ollama.call(`why is the sky blue?`);

 console.log(answer);
 ```

-That will get us the same thing as if we ran `ollama run llama3 "why is the sky blue"` in the terminal. But we want to load a document from the web to ask a question against. **Cheerio** is a great library for ingesting a webpage, and **LangChain** uses it in their **CheerioWebBaseLoader**. So let's install **Cheerio** and build that part of the app.
+That will get us the same thing as if we ran `ollama run llama2 "why is the sky blue"` in the terminal. But we want to load a document from the web to ask a question against. **Cheerio** is a great library for ingesting a webpage, and **LangChain** uses it in their **CheerioWebBaseLoader**. So let's install **Cheerio** and build that part of the app.

 ```bash
-npm install cheerio
+npm install cheerio 
 ```

 ```javascript
--- a/docs/tutorials/langchainpy.md
+++ b/docs/tutorials/langchainpy.md
@@ -12,17 +12,15 @@ So let's figure out how we can use **LangChain** with Ollama to ask our question

 Let's start by asking a simple question that we can get an answer to from the **Llama2** model using **Ollama**. First, we need to install the **LangChain** package:

-`pip install langchain_community`
+`pip install langchain`

 Then we can create a model and ask the question:

 ```python
-from langchain_community.llms import Ollama
-ollama = Ollama(
-    base_url='http://localhost:11434',
-    model="llama3"
-)
-print(ollama.invoke("why is the sky blue"))
+from langchain.llms import Ollama
+ollama = Ollama(base_url='http://localhost:11434',
+model="llama2")
+print(ollama("why is the sky blue"))
 ```

 Notice that we are defining the model and the base URL for Ollama.
--- a/docs/tutorials/nvidia-jetson.md
+++ b/docs/tutorials/nvidia-jetson.md
@@ -1,15 +1,38 @@
 # Running Ollama on NVIDIA Jetson Devices

-Ollama runs well on [NVIDIA Jetson Devices](https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/autonomous-machines/embedded-systems/) and should run out of the box with the standard installation instructions. 
+With some minor configuration, Ollama runs well on [NVIDIA Jetson Devices](https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/autonomous-machines/embedded-systems/). The following has been tested on [JetPack 5.1.2](https://developer.nvidia.com/embedded/jetpack).

-The following has been tested on [JetPack 5.1.2](https://developer.nvidia.com/embedded/jetpack), but should also work on JetPack 6.0.
+NVIDIA Jetson devices are Linux-based embedded AI computers that are purpose-built for AI applications.
+
+Jetsons have an integrated GPU that is wired directly to the memory controller of the machine. For this reason, the `nvidia-smi` command is unrecognized, and Ollama proceeds to operate in "CPU only"
+mode. This can be verified by using a monitoring tool like jtop.
+
+In order to address this, we simply pass the path to the Jetson's pre-installed CUDA libraries into `ollama serve` (while in a tmux session). We then hardcode the num_gpu parameters into a cloned
+version of our target model.
+
+Prerequisites:
+
+- curl
+- tmux
+
+Here are the steps:

 - Install Ollama via standard Linux command (ignore the 404 error): `curl https://ollama.com/install.sh | sh`
+- Stop the Ollama service: `sudo systemctl stop ollama`
+- Start Ollama serve in a tmux session called ollama_jetson and reference the CUDA libraries path: `tmux has-session -t ollama_jetson 2>/dev/null || tmux new-session -d -s ollama_jetson 
+'LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/cuda/lib64 ollama serve'`
 - Pull the model you want to use (e.g. mistral): `ollama pull mistral`
- Start an interactive session: `ollama run mistral`
+- Create a new Modelfile specifically for enabling GPU support on the Jetson: `touch ModelfileMistralJetson`
+- In the ModelfileMistralJetson file, specify the FROM model and the num_gpu PARAMETER as shown below:
+
+```
+FROM mistral
+PARAMETER num_gpu 999
+```
+
+- Create a new model from your Modelfile: `ollama create mistral-jetson -f ./ModelfileMistralJetson`
+- Run the new model: `ollama run mistral-jetson`
+
+If you run a monitoring tool like jtop you should now see that Ollama is using the Jetson's integrated GPU.

 And that's it!
-
-# Running Ollama in Docker
-
-When running GPU accelerated applications in Docker, it is highly recommended to use [dusty-nv jetson-containers repo](https://github.com/dusty-nv/jetson-containers).
--- a/docs/windows.md
+++ b/docs/windows.md
@@ -1,61 +1,47 @@
-# Ollama Windows Preview
-
-Welcome to the Ollama Windows preview.
-
-No more WSL required!
-
-Ollama now runs as a native Windows application, including NVIDIA and AMD Radeon GPU support.
-After installing Ollama Windows Preview, Ollama will run in the background and
-the `ollama` command line is available in `cmd`, `powershell` or your favorite
-terminal application. As usual the Ollama [api](./api.md) will be served on
-`http://localhost:11434`.
-
-As this is a preview release, you should expect a few bugs here and there.  If
-you run into a problem you can reach out on
-[Discord](https://discord.gg/ollama), or file an
-[issue](https://github.com/ollama/ollama/issues).
-Logs will often be helpful in diagnosing the problem (see
-[Troubleshooting](#troubleshooting) below)
-
-## System Requirements
-
-* Windows 10 or newer, Home or Pro
-* NVIDIA 452.39 or newer Drivers if you have an NVIDIA card
-* AMD Radeon Driver https://www.amd.com/en/support if you have a Radeon card
-
-## API Access
-
-Here's a quick example showing API access from `powershell`
-```powershell
-(Invoke-WebRequest -method POST -Body '{"model":"llama3", "prompt":"Why is the sky blue?", "stream": false}' -uri http://localhost:11434/api/generate ).Content | ConvertFrom-json
-```
-
-## Troubleshooting
-
-While we're in preview, `OLLAMA_DEBUG` is always enabled, which adds
-a "view logs" menu item to the app, and increases logging for the GUI app and
-server.
-
-Ollama on Windows stores files in a few different locations.  You can view them in
-the explorer window by hitting `<cmd>+R` and type in:
- `explorer %LOCALAPPDATA%\Ollama` contains logs, and downloaded updates
-    - *app.log* contains logs from the GUI application
-    - *server.log* contains the server logs
-    - *upgrade.log* contains log output for upgrades
- `explorer %LOCALAPPDATA%\Programs\Ollama` contains the binaries (The installer adds this to your user PATH)
- `explorer %HOMEPATH%\.ollama` contains models and configuration
- `explorer %TEMP%` contains temporary executable files in one or more `ollama*` directories
-
-
-## Standalone CLI
-
-The easiest way to install Ollama on Windows is to use the `OllamaSetup.exe`
-installer. It installs in your account without requiring Administrator rights.
-We update Ollama regularly to support the latest models, and this installer will
-help you keep up to date.
-
-If you'd like to install or integrate Ollama as a service, a standalone
-`ollama-windows-amd64.zip` zip file is available containing only the Ollama CLI
-and GPU library dependencies for Nvidia and AMD. This allows for embedding
-Ollama in existing applications, or running it as a system service via `ollama
-serve` with tools such as [NSSM](https://nssm.cc/).
+# Ollama Windows Preview
+
+Welcome to the Ollama Windows preview.
+
+No more WSL required!
+
+Ollama now runs as a native Windows application, including NVIDIA and AMD Radeon GPU support.
+After installing Ollama Windows Preview, Ollama will run in the background and
+the `ollama` command line is available in `cmd`, `powershell` or your favorite
+terminal application. As usual the Ollama [api](./api.md) will be served on
+`http://localhost:11434`.
+
+As this is a preview release, you should expect a few bugs here and there.  If
+you run into a problem you can reach out on
+[Discord](https://discord.gg/ollama), or file an 
+[issue](https://github.com/ollama/ollama/issues).
+Logs will often be helpful in dianosing the problem (see
+[Troubleshooting](#troubleshooting) below)
+
+## System Requirements
+
+* Windows 10 or newer, Home or Pro
+* NVIDIA 452.39 or newer Drivers if you have an NVIDIA card
+* AMD Radeon Driver https://www.amd.com/en/support if you have a Radeon card
+
+## API Access
+
+Here's a quick example showing API access from `powershell`
+```powershell
+(Invoke-WebRequest -method POST -Body '{"model":"llama2", "prompt":"Why is the sky blue?", "stream": false}' -uri http://localhost:11434/api/generate ).Content | ConvertFrom-json
+```
+
+## Troubleshooting
+
+While we're in preview, `OLLAMA_DEBUG` is always enabled, which adds
+a "view logs" menu item to the app, and increses logging for the GUI app and
+server.
+
+Ollama on Windows stores files in a few different locations.  You can view them in
+the explorer window by hitting `<cmd>+R` and type in:
+- `explorer %LOCALAPPDATA%\Ollama` contains logs, and downloaded updates
+    - *app.log* contains logs from the GUI application
+    - *server.log* contains the server logs
+    - *upgrade.log* contains log output for upgrades
+- `explorer %LOCALAPPDATA%\Programs\Ollama` contains the binaries (The installer adds this to your user PATH)
+- `explorer %HOMEPATH%\.ollama` contains models and configuration
+- `explorer %TEMP%` contains temporary executable files in one or more `ollama*` directories
--- a/envconfig/config.go
+++ b/envconfig/config.go
@@ -1,212 +0,0 @@
-package envconfig
-
-import (
-	"fmt"
-	"log/slog"
-	"os"
-	"path/filepath"
-	"runtime"
-	"strconv"
-	"strings"
-)
-
-var (
-	// Set via OLLAMA_ORIGINS in the environment
-	AllowOrigins []string
-	// Set via OLLAMA_DEBUG in the environment
-	Debug bool
-	// Experimental flash attention
-	FlashAttention bool
-	// Set via OLLAMA_KEEP_ALIVE in the environment
-	KeepAlive string
-	// Set via OLLAMA_LLM_LIBRARY in the environment
-	LLMLibrary string
-	// Set via OLLAMA_MAX_LOADED_MODELS in the environment
-	MaxRunners int
-	// Set via OLLAMA_MAX_QUEUE in the environment
-	MaxQueuedRequests int
-	// Set via OLLAMA_MAX_VRAM in the environment
-	MaxVRAM uint64
-	// Set via OLLAMA_NOHISTORY in the environment
-	NoHistory bool
-	// Set via OLLAMA_NOPRUNE in the environment
-	NoPrune bool
-	// Set via OLLAMA_NUM_PARALLEL in the environment
-	NumParallel int
-	// Set via OLLAMA_RUNNERS_DIR in the environment
-	RunnersDir string
-	// Set via OLLAMA_TMPDIR in the environment
-	TmpDir string
-)
-
-type EnvVar struct {
-	Name        string
-	Value       any
-	Description string
-}
-
-func AsMap() map[string]EnvVar {
-	return map[string]EnvVar{
-		"OLLAMA_DEBUG":             {"OLLAMA_DEBUG", Debug, "Show additional debug information (e.g. OLLAMA_DEBUG=1)"},
-		"OLLAMA_FLASH_ATTENTION":   {"OLLAMA_FLASH_ATTENTION", FlashAttention, "Enabled flash attention"},
-		"OLLAMA_HOST":              {"OLLAMA_HOST", "", "IP Address for the ollama server (default 127.0.0.1:11434)"},
-		"OLLAMA_KEEP_ALIVE":        {"OLLAMA_KEEP_ALIVE", KeepAlive, "The duration that models stay loaded in memory (default \"5m\")"},
-		"OLLAMA_LLM_LIBRARY":       {"OLLAMA_ORIGINS", LLMLibrary, ""},
-		"OLLAMA_MAX_LOADED_MODELS": {"OLLAMA_MAX_LOADED_MODELS", MaxRunners, "Maximum number of loaded models (default 1)"},
-		"OLLAMA_MAX_QUEUE":         {"OLLAMA_MAX_QUEUE", MaxQueuedRequests, "Maximum number of queued requests"},
-		"OLLAMA_MAX_VRAM":          {"OLLAMA_MAX_VRAM", MaxVRAM, ""},
-		"OLLAMA_MODELS":            {"OLLAMA_MODELS", "", "The path to the models directory"},
-		"OLLAMA_NOHISTORY":         {"OLLAMA_NOHISTORY", NoHistory, "Do not preserve readline history"},
-		"OLLAMA_NOPRUNE":           {"OLLAMA_NOPRUNE", NoPrune, "Do not prune model blobs on startup"},
-		"OLLAMA_NUM_PARALLEL":      {"OLLAMA_NUM_PARALLEL", NumParallel, "Maximum number of parallel requests (default 1)"},
-		"OLLAMA_ORIGINS":           {"OLLAMA_ORIGINS", AllowOrigins, "A comma separated list of allowed origins"},
-		"OLLAMA_RUNNERS_DIR":       {"OLLAMA_RUNNERS_DIR", RunnersDir, ""},
-		"OLLAMA_TMPDIR":            {"OLLAMA_TMPDIR", TmpDir, "Location for temporary files"},
-	}
-}
-
-func Values() map[string]string {
-	vals := make(map[string]string)
-	for k, v := range AsMap() {
-		vals[k] = fmt.Sprintf("%v", v.Value)
-	}
-	return vals
-}
-
-var defaultAllowOrigins = []string{
-	"localhost",
-	"127.0.0.1",
-	"0.0.0.0",
-}
-
-// Clean quotes and spaces from the value
-func clean(key string) string {
-	return strings.Trim(os.Getenv(key), "\"' ")
-}
-
-func init() {
-	// default values
-	NumParallel = 1
-	MaxRunners = 1
-	MaxQueuedRequests = 512
-
-	LoadConfig()
-}
-
-func LoadConfig() {
-	if debug := clean("OLLAMA_DEBUG"); debug != "" {
-		d, err := strconv.ParseBool(debug)
-		if err == nil {
-			Debug = d
-		} else {
-			Debug = true
-		}
-	}
-
-	if fa := clean("OLLAMA_FLASH_ATTENTION"); fa != "" {
-		d, err := strconv.ParseBool(fa)
-		if err == nil {
-			FlashAttention = d
-		}
-	}
-
-	RunnersDir = clean("OLLAMA_RUNNERS_DIR")
-	if runtime.GOOS == "windows" && RunnersDir == "" {
-		// On Windows we do not carry the payloads inside the main executable
-		appExe, err := os.Executable()
-		if err != nil {
-			slog.Error("failed to lookup executable path", "error", err)
-		}
-
-		cwd, err := os.Getwd()
-		if err != nil {
-			slog.Error("failed to lookup working directory", "error", err)
-		}
-
-		var paths []string
-		for _, root := range []string{filepath.Dir(appExe), cwd} {
-			paths = append(paths,
-				filepath.Join(root),
-				filepath.Join(root, "windows-"+runtime.GOARCH),
-				filepath.Join(root, "dist", "windows-"+runtime.GOARCH),
-			)
-		}
-
-		// Try a few variations to improve developer experience when building from source in the local tree
-		for _, p := range paths {
-			candidate := filepath.Join(p, "ollama_runners")
-			_, err := os.Stat(candidate)
-			if err == nil {
-				RunnersDir = candidate
-				break
-			}
-		}
-		if RunnersDir == "" {
-			slog.Error("unable to locate llm runner directory.  Set OLLAMA_RUNNERS_DIR to the location of 'ollama_runners'")
-		}
-	}
-
-	TmpDir = clean("OLLAMA_TMPDIR")
-
-	userLimit := clean("OLLAMA_MAX_VRAM")
-	if userLimit != "" {
-		avail, err := strconv.ParseUint(userLimit, 10, 64)
-		if err != nil {
-			slog.Error("invalid setting, ignoring", "OLLAMA_MAX_VRAM", userLimit, "error", err)
-		} else {
-			MaxVRAM = avail
-		}
-	}
-
-	LLMLibrary = clean("OLLAMA_LLM_LIBRARY")
-
-	if onp := clean("OLLAMA_NUM_PARALLEL"); onp != "" {
-		val, err := strconv.Atoi(onp)
-		if err != nil || val <= 0 {
-			slog.Error("invalid setting must be greater than zero", "OLLAMA_NUM_PARALLEL", onp, "error", err)
-		} else {
-			NumParallel = val
-		}
-	}
-
-	if nohistory := clean("OLLAMA_NOHISTORY"); nohistory != "" {
-		NoHistory = true
-	}
-
-	if noprune := clean("OLLAMA_NOPRUNE"); noprune != "" {
-		NoPrune = true
-	}
-
-	if origins := clean("OLLAMA_ORIGINS"); origins != "" {
-		AllowOrigins = strings.Split(origins, ",")
-	}
-	for _, allowOrigin := range defaultAllowOrigins {
-		AllowOrigins = append(AllowOrigins,
-			fmt.Sprintf("http://%s", allowOrigin),
-			fmt.Sprintf("https://%s", allowOrigin),
-			fmt.Sprintf("http://%s:*", allowOrigin),
-			fmt.Sprintf("https://%s:*", allowOrigin),
-		)
-	}
-
-	maxRunners := clean("OLLAMA_MAX_LOADED_MODELS")
-	if maxRunners != "" {
-		m, err := strconv.Atoi(maxRunners)
-		if err != nil {
-			slog.Error("invalid setting", "OLLAMA_MAX_LOADED_MODELS", maxRunners, "error", err)
-		} else {
-			MaxRunners = m
-		}
-	}
-
-	if onp := os.Getenv("OLLAMA_MAX_QUEUE"); onp != "" {
-		p, err := strconv.Atoi(onp)
-		if err != nil || p <= 0 {
-			slog.Error("invalid setting", "OLLAMA_MAX_QUEUE", onp, "error", err)
-		} else {
-			MaxQueuedRequests = p
-		}
-	}
-
-	KeepAlive = clean("OLLAMA_KEEP_ALIVE")
-}
--- a/envconfig/config_test.go
+++ b/envconfig/config_test.go
@@ -1,23 +0,0 @@
-package envconfig
-
-import (
-	"testing"
-
-	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
-)
-
-func TestConfig(t *testing.T) {
-	Debug = false // Reset whatever was loaded in init()
-	t.Setenv("OLLAMA_DEBUG", "")
-	LoadConfig()
-	require.False(t, Debug)
-	t.Setenv("OLLAMA_DEBUG", "false")
-	LoadConfig()
-	require.False(t, Debug)
-	t.Setenv("OLLAMA_DEBUG", "1")
-	LoadConfig()
-	require.True(t, Debug)
-	t.Setenv("OLLAMA_FLASH_ATTENTION", "1")
-	LoadConfig()
-	require.True(t, FlashAttention)
-}
--- a/examples/bash-comparemodels/README.md
+++ b/examples/bash-comparemodels/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+# Bash Shell examples
+
+When calling `ollama`, you can pass it a file to run all the prompts in the file, one after the other:
+
+`ollama run llama2 < sourcequestions.txt`
+
+This concept is used in the following example.
+
+## Compare Models
+`comparemodels.sh` is a script that runs all the questions in `sourcequestions.txt` using any 4 models you choose that you have already pulled from the Ollama library or have created locally.
--- a/examples/bash-comparemodels/comparemodels.sh
+++ b/examples/bash-comparemodels/comparemodels.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env bash
+# Compare multiple models by running them with the same questions
+
+NUMBEROFCHOICES=4
+SELECTIONS=()
+declare -a SUMS=()
+
+# Get the list of models
+CHOICES=$(ollama list | awk '{print $1}')
+
+# Select which models to run as a comparison
+echo "Select $NUMBEROFCHOICES models to compare:"
+select ITEM in $CHOICES; do
+    if [[ -n $ITEM ]]; then
+        echo "You have selected $ITEM"
+        SELECTIONS+=("$ITEM")
+        ((COUNT++))
+        if [[ $COUNT -eq $NUMBEROFCHOICES ]]; then
+            break
+        fi
+    else
+        echo "Invalid selection"
+    fi
+done
+
+# Loop through each of the selected models
+for ITEM in "${SELECTIONS[@]}"; do
+    echo "--------------------------------------------------------------"
+    echo "Loading the model $ITEM into memory"
+    ollama run "$ITEM" ""
+    echo "--------------------------------------------------------------"
+    echo "Running the questions through the model $ITEM"
+    COMMAND_OUTPUT=$(ollama run "$ITEM" --verbose < sourcequestions.txt 2>&1| tee /dev/stderr)
+
+    # eval duration is sometimes listed in seconds and sometimes in milliseconds. 
+    # Add up the values for each model
+    SUM=$(echo "$COMMAND_OUTPUT" | awk '
+    /eval duration:/ {
+        value = $3
+        if (index(value, "ms") > 0) {
+            gsub("ms", "", value)
+            value /= 1000
+        } else {
+            gsub("s", "", value)
+        }
+        sum += value
+    }
+    END { print sum }')
+
+
+    SUMS+=("All questions for $ITEM completed in $SUM seconds")
+done
+
+echo ""
+echo "--------------------------------------------------------------"
+echo -e "Sums of eval durations for each run:"
+for val in "${SUMS[@]}"; do
+    echo "$val"
+done
+
+echo "--------------------------------------------------------------"
+echo "Comparison complete. Now you can decide"
+echo "which model is best."
+echo "--------------------------------------------------------------"
--- a/examples/bash-comparemodels/sourcequestions.txt
+++ b/examples/bash-comparemodels/sourcequestions.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+Why is the sky blue
+What is a black hole
+Explain the big bang theory like I am 5?
+What is the quickest way to win a game of Monopoly with 3 others?
+Why does a vacuum bottle keep my coffee hot and my milkshake cold?
+What is the difference between a meteor, a meteorite, and a meteoroid?
+Create an array with 5 items and print to the console. Do this in Python, C#, Typescript, and Rust.
--- a/examples/flyio/.gitignore
+++ b/examples/flyio/.gitignore
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-fly.toml
--- a/examples/flyio/README.md
+++ b/examples/flyio/README.md
@@ -1,67 +0,0 @@
-# Deploy Ollama to Fly.io
-
-> Note: this example exposes a public endpoint and does not configure authentication. Use with care.
-
-## Prerequisites
-
- Ollama: https://ollama.com/download
- Fly.io account. Sign up for a free account: https://fly.io/app/sign-up
-
-## Steps
-
-1. Login to Fly.io
-
-    ```bash
-    fly auth login
-    ```
-
-1. Create a new Fly app
-
-    ```bash
-    fly launch --name <name> --image ollama/ollama --internal-port 11434 --vm-size shared-cpu-8x --now
-    ```
-
-1. Pull and run `orca-mini:3b`
-
-    ```bash
-    OLLAMA_HOST=https://<name>.fly.dev ollama run orca-mini:3b
-    ```
-
-`shared-cpu-8x` is a free-tier eligible machine type. For better performance, switch to a `performance` or `dedicated` machine type or attach a GPU for hardware acceleration (see below).
-
-## (Optional) Persistent Volume
-
-By default Fly Machines use ephemeral storage which is problematic if you want to use the same model across restarts without pulling it again. Create and attach a persistent volume to store the downloaded models:
-
-1. Create the Fly Volume
-
-    ```bash
-    fly volume create ollama
-    ```
-
-1. Update `fly.toml` and add `[mounts]`
-
-    ```toml
-    [mounts]
-      source = "ollama"
-      destination = "/mnt/ollama/models"
-    ```
-
-1. Update `fly.toml` and add `[env]`
-
-    ```toml
-    [env]
-      OLLAMA_MODELS = "/mnt/ollama/models"
-    ```
-
-1. Deploy your app
-
-    ```bash
-    fly deploy
-    ```
-
-## (Optional) Hardware Acceleration
-
-Fly.io GPU is currently in waitlist. Sign up for the waitlist: https://fly.io/gpu
-
-Once you've been accepted, create the app with the additional flags `--vm-gpu-kind a100-pcie-40gb` or `--vm-gpu-kind a100-pcie-80gb`.
--- a/examples/go-chat/main.go
+++ b/examples/go-chat/main.go
@@ -1,51 +0,0 @@
-package main
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"fmt"
-	"log"
-
-	"github.com/ollama/ollama/api"
-)
-
-func main() {
-	client, err := api.ClientFromEnvironment()
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	messages := []api.Message{
-		api.Message{
-			Role:    "system",
-			Content: "Provide very brief, concise responses",
-		},
-		api.Message{
-			Role:    "user",
-			Content: "Name some unusual animals",
-		},
-		api.Message{
-			Role:    "assistant",
-			Content: "Monotreme, platypus, echidna",
-		},
-		api.Message{
-			Role:    "user",
-			Content: "which of these is the most dangerous?",
-		},
-	}
-
-	ctx := context.Background()
-	req := &api.ChatRequest{
-		Model:    "llama3",
-		Messages: messages,
-	}
-
-	respFunc := func(resp api.ChatResponse) error {
-		fmt.Print(resp.Message.Content)
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	err = client.Chat(ctx, req, respFunc)
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Fatal(err)
-	}
-}
--- a/examples/go-generate-streaming/main.go
+++ b/examples/go-generate-streaming/main.go
@@ -1,40 +0,0 @@
-package main
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"fmt"
-	"log"
-
-	"github.com/ollama/ollama/api"
-)
-
-func main() {
-	client, err := api.ClientFromEnvironment()
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	// By default, GenerateRequest is streaming.
-	req := &api.GenerateRequest{
-		Model:  "gemma",
-		Prompt: "how many planets are there?",
-	}
-
-	ctx := context.Background()
-	respFunc := func(resp api.GenerateResponse) error {
-		// Only print the response here; GenerateResponse has a number of other
-		// interesting fields you want to examine.
-
-		// In streaming mode, responses are partial so we call fmt.Print (and not
-		// Println) in order to avoid spurious newlines being introduced. The
-		// model will insert its own newlines if it wants.
-		fmt.Print(resp.Response)
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	err = client.Generate(ctx, req, respFunc)
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Fatal(err)
-	}
-	fmt.Println()
-}
--- a/examples/go-generate/main.go
+++ b/examples/go-generate/main.go
@@ -1,37 +0,0 @@
-package main
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"fmt"
-	"log"
-
-	"github.com/ollama/ollama/api"
-)
-
-func main() {
-	client, err := api.ClientFromEnvironment()
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	req := &api.GenerateRequest{
-		Model:  "gemma",
-		Prompt: "how many planets are there?",
-
-		// set streaming to false
-		Stream: new(bool),
-	}
-
-	ctx := context.Background()
-	respFunc := func(resp api.GenerateResponse) error {
-		// Only print the response here; GenerateResponse has a number of other
-		// interesting fields you want to examine.
-		fmt.Println(resp.Response)
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	err = client.Generate(ctx, req, respFunc)
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Fatal(err)
-	}
-}
--- a/examples/go-multimodal/main.go
+++ b/examples/go-multimodal/main.go
@@ -1,47 +0,0 @@
-package main
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"fmt"
-	"log"
-	"os"
-
-	"github.com/ollama/ollama/api"
-)
-
-func main() {
-	if len(os.Args) <= 1 {
-		log.Fatal("usage: <image name>")
-	}
-
-	imgData, err := os.ReadFile(os.Args[1])
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	client, err := api.ClientFromEnvironment()
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	req := &api.GenerateRequest{
-		Model:  "llava",
-		Prompt: "describe this image",
-		Images: []api.ImageData{imgData},
-	}
-
-	ctx := context.Background()
-	respFunc := func(resp api.GenerateResponse) error {
-		// In streaming mode, responses are partial so we call fmt.Print (and not
-		// Println) in order to avoid spurious newlines being introduced. The
-		// model will insert its own newlines if it wants.
-		fmt.Print(resp.Response)
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	err = client.Generate(ctx, req, respFunc)
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Fatal(err)
-	}
-	fmt.Println()
-}
--- a/examples/go-pull-progress/main.go
+++ b/examples/go-pull-progress/main.go
@@ -1,31 +0,0 @@
-package main
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"fmt"
-	"log"
-
-	"github.com/ollama/ollama/api"
-)
-
-func main() {
-	client, err := api.ClientFromEnvironment()
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	ctx := context.Background()
-
-	req := &api.PullRequest{
-		Model: "mistral",
-	}
-	progressFunc := func(resp api.ProgressResponse) error {
-		fmt.Printf("Progress: status=%v, total=%v, completed=%v\n", resp.Status, resp.Total, resp.Completed)
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	err = client.Pull(ctx, req, progressFunc)
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Fatal(err)
-	}
-}
--- a/examples/golang-simplegenerate/README.md
+++ b/examples/golang-simplegenerate/README.md
--- a/examples/golang-simplegenerate/main.go
+++ b/examples/golang-simplegenerate/main.go
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ func main() {
 	}

 	defer resp.Body.Close()
-
+	
 	responseData, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Fatal(err)
--- a/examples/kubernetes/README.md
+++ b/examples/kubernetes/README.md
@@ -7,24 +7,12 @@

 ## Steps

-1. Create the Ollama namespace, deployment, and service
+1. Create the Ollama namespace, daemon set, and service

   ```bash
   kubectl apply -f cpu.yaml
   ```

-## (Optional) Hardware Acceleration
-
-Hardware acceleration in Kubernetes requires NVIDIA's [`k8s-device-plugin`](https://github.com/NVIDIA/k8s-device-plugin) which is deployed in Kubernetes in form of daemonset. Follow the link for more details.
-
-Once configured, create a GPU enabled Ollama deployment.
-
-```bash
-kubectl apply -f gpu.yaml
-```
-
-## Test
-
 1. Port forward the Ollama service to connect and use it locally

   ```bash
@@ -35,4 +23,14 @@ kubectl apply -f gpu.yaml

   ```bash
   ollama run orca-mini:3b
-   ```
+   ```
+
+## (Optional) Hardware Acceleration
+
+Hardware acceleration in Kubernetes requires NVIDIA's [`k8s-device-plugin`](https://github.com/NVIDIA/k8s-device-plugin). Follow the link for more details.
+
+Once configured, create a GPU enabled Ollama deployment.
+
+```bash
+kubectl apply -f gpu.yaml
+```
--- a/examples/langchain-python-rag-document/main.py
+++ b/examples/langchain-python-rag-document/main.py
@@ -40,9 +40,9 @@ while True:
        continue

    # Prompt
-    template = """Use the following pieces of context to answer the question at the end.
-    If you don't know the answer, just say that you don't know, don't try to make up an answer.
-    Use three sentences maximum and keep the answer as concise as possible.
+    template = """Use the following pieces of context to answer the question at the end. 
+    If you don't know the answer, just say that you don't know, don't try to make up an answer. 
+    Use three sentences maximum and keep the answer as concise as possible. 
    {context}
    Question: {question}
    Helpful Answer:"""
@@ -51,11 +51,11 @@ while True:
        template=template,
    )

-    llm = Ollama(model="llama3:8b", callback_manager=CallbackManager([StreamingStdOutCallbackHandler()]))
+    llm = Ollama(model="llama2:13b", callback_manager=CallbackManager([StreamingStdOutCallbackHandler()]))
    qa_chain = RetrievalQA.from_chain_type(
        llm,
        retriever=vectorstore.as_retriever(),
        chain_type_kwargs={"prompt": QA_CHAIN_PROMPT},
    )

-    result = qa_chain({"query": query})
+    result = qa_chain({"query": query})
--- a/examples/langchain-python-rag-websummary/main.py
+++ b/examples/langchain-python-rag-websummary/main.py
@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
-from langchain_community.llms import Ollama
-from langchain_community.document_loaders import WebBaseLoader
+from langchain.llms import Ollama
+from langchain.document_loaders import WebBaseLoader
 from langchain.chains.summarize import load_summarize_chain

 loader = WebBaseLoader("https://ollama.com/blog/run-llama2-uncensored-locally")
 docs = loader.load()

-llm = Ollama(model="llama3")
+llm = Ollama(model="llama2")
 chain = load_summarize_chain(llm, chain_type="stuff")

-result = chain.invoke(docs) 
+result = chain.run(docs)
 print(result)
--- a/examples/langchain-python-simple/README.md
+++ b/examples/langchain-python-simple/README.md
@@ -4,10 +4,10 @@ This example is a basic "hello world" of using LangChain with Ollama.

 ## Running the Example

-1. Ensure you have the `llama3` model installed:
+1. Ensure you have the `llama2` model installed:

   ```bash
-   ollama pull llama3
+   ollama pull llama2
   ```

 2. Install the Python Requirements.
@@ -21,3 +21,4 @@ This example is a basic "hello world" of using LangChain with Ollama.
   ```bash
   python main.py
   ```
+  
--- a/examples/langchain-python-simple/main.py
+++ b/examples/langchain-python-simple/main.py
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 from langchain.llms import Ollama

 input = input("What is your question?")
-llm = Ollama(model="llama3")
+llm = Ollama(model="llama2")
 res = llm.predict(input)
 print (res)
--- a/examples/modelfile-mario/Modelfile
+++ b/examples/modelfile-mario/Modelfile
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-FROM llama3
+FROM llama2
 PARAMETER temperature 1
 SYSTEM """
 You are Mario from super mario bros, acting as an assistant.
--- a/examples/modelfile-mario/readme.md
+++ b/examples/modelfile-mario/readme.md
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@

 # Example character: Mario

-This example shows how to create a basic character using Llama3 as the base model.
+This example shows how to create a basic character using Llama2 as the base model.

 To run this example:

 1. Download the Modelfile
-2. `ollama pull llama3` to get the base model used in the model file.
+2. `ollama pull llama2` to get the base model used in the model file.
 3. `ollama create NAME -f ./Modelfile`
 4. `ollama run NAME`

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ Ask it some questions like "Who are you?" or "Is Peach in trouble again?"
 What the model file looks like:

 ```
-FROM llama3
+FROM llama2
 PARAMETER temperature 1
 SYSTEM """
 You are Mario from Super Mario Bros, acting as an assistant.
--- a/examples/python-json-datagenerator/predefinedschema.py
+++ b/examples/python-json-datagenerator/predefinedschema.py
@@ -2,16 +2,16 @@ import requests
 import json
 import random

-model = "llama3"
+model = "llama2"
 template = {
-  "firstName": "",
-  "lastName": "",
+  "firstName": "", 
+  "lastName": "", 
  "address": {
-    "street": "",
-    "city": "",
-    "state": "",
+    "street": "", 
+    "city": "", 
+    "state": "", 
    "zipCode": ""
-  },
+  }, 
  "phoneNumber": ""
 }

--- a/examples/python-json-datagenerator/randomaddresses.py
+++ b/examples/python-json-datagenerator/randomaddresses.py
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ countries = [
    "France",
 ]
 country = random.choice(countries)
-model = "llama3"
+model = "llama2"

 prompt = f"generate one realistically believable sample data set of a persons first name, last name, address in {country}, and phone number. Do not use common names. Respond using JSON. Key names should have no backslashes, values should use plain ascii with no special characters."

--- a/examples/python-json-datagenerator/readme.md
+++ b/examples/python-json-datagenerator/readme.md
@@ -6,10 +6,10 @@ There are two python scripts in this example. `randomaddresses.py` generates ran

 ## Running the Example

-1. Ensure you have the `llama3` model installed:
+1. Ensure you have the `llama2` model installed:

   ```bash
-   ollama pull llama3
+   ollama pull llama2
   ```

 2. Install the Python Requirements.
--- a/examples/python-simplechat/client.py
+++ b/examples/python-simplechat/client.py
@@ -2,14 +2,13 @@ import json
 import requests

 # NOTE: ollama must be running for this to work, start the ollama app or run `ollama serve`
-model = "llama3"  # TODO: update this for whatever model you wish to use
+model = "llama2"  # TODO: update this for whatever model you wish to use


 def chat(messages):
    r = requests.post(
        "http://0.0.0.0:11434/api/chat",
        json={"model": model, "messages": messages, "stream": True},
-	stream=True
    )
    r.raise_for_status()
    output = ""
--- a/examples/python-simplechat/readme.md
+++ b/examples/python-simplechat/readme.md
@@ -4,10 +4,10 @@ The **chat** endpoint is one of two ways to generate text from an LLM with Ollam

 ## Running the Example

-1. Ensure you have the `llama3` model installed:
+1. Ensure you have the `llama2` model installed:

   ```bash
-   ollama pull llama3
+   ollama pull llama2
   ```

 2. Install the Python Requirements.
--- a/examples/typescript-mentors/README.md
+++ b/examples/typescript-mentors/README.md
@@ -4,10 +4,10 @@ This example demonstrates how one would create a set of 'mentors' you can have a

 ## Usage

-1. Add llama3 to have the mentors ask your questions:
+1. Add llama2 to have the mentors ask your questions:

   ```bash
-   ollama pull llama3
+   ollama pull llama2
   ```

 2. Install prerequisites:
--- a/examples/typescript-mentors/character-generator.ts
+++ b/examples/typescript-mentors/character-generator.ts
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ async function characterGenerator() {
  ollama.setModel("stablebeluga2:70b-q4_K_M");
  const bio = await ollama.generate(`create a bio of ${character} in a single long paragraph. Instead of saying '${character} is...' or '${character} was...' use language like 'You are...' or 'You were...'. Then create a paragraph describing the speaking mannerisms and style of ${character}. Don't include anything about how ${character} looked or what they sounded like, just focus on the words they said. Instead of saying '${character} would say...' use language like 'You should say...'. If you use quotes, always use single quotes instead of double quotes. If there are any specific words or phrases you used a lot, show how you used them. `);

-  const thecontents = `FROM llama3\nSYSTEM """\n${bio.response.replace(/(\r\n|\n|\r)/gm, " ").replace('would', 'should')} All answers to questions should be related back to what you are most known for.\n"""`;
+  const thecontents = `FROM llama2\nSYSTEM """\n${bio.response.replace(/(\r\n|\n|\r)/gm, " ").replace('would', 'should')} All answers to questions should be related back to what you are most known for.\n"""`;

  fs.writeFile(path.join(directory, 'Modelfile'), thecontents, (err: any) => {
    if (err) throw err;
@@ -23,4 +23,4 @@ async function characterGenerator() {
  });
 }

-characterGenerator();
+characterGenerator();
--- a/examples/typescript-simplechat/client.ts
+++ b/examples/typescript-simplechat/client.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import * as readline from "readline";

-const model = "llama3";
+const model = "llama2";
 type Message = {
  role: "assistant" | "user" | "system";
  content: string;
@@ -74,4 +74,4 @@ async function main() {

 }

-main();
+main();
--- a/format/bytes.go
+++ b/format/bytes.go
@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@ const (

 	KibiByte = Byte * 1024
 	MebiByte = KibiByte * 1024
-	GibiByte = MebiByte * 1024
 )

 func HumanBytes(b int64) string {
@@ -51,10 +50,8 @@ func HumanBytes(b int64) string {
 	}
 }

-func HumanBytes2(b uint64) string {
+func HumanBytes2(b int64) string {
 	switch {
-	case b >= GibiByte:
-		return fmt.Sprintf("%.1f GiB", float64(b)/GibiByte)
 	case b >= MebiByte:
 		return fmt.Sprintf("%.1f MiB", float64(b)/MebiByte)
 	case b >= KibiByte:
--- a/format/format.go
+++ b/format/format.go
@@ -13,20 +13,12 @@ const (

 func HumanNumber(b uint64) string {
 	switch {
-	case b >= Billion:
-		number := float64(b) / Billion
-		if number == math.Floor(number) {
-			return fmt.Sprintf("%.0fB", number) // no decimals if whole number
-		}
-		return fmt.Sprintf("%.1fB", number) // one decimal if not a whole number
-	case b >= Million:
-		number := float64(b) / Million
-		if number == math.Floor(number) {
-			return fmt.Sprintf("%.0fM", number) // no decimals if whole number
-		}
-		return fmt.Sprintf("%.2fM", number) // two decimals if not a whole number
-	case b >= Thousand:
-		return fmt.Sprintf("%.0fK", float64(b)/Thousand)
+	case b > Billion:
+		return fmt.Sprintf("%.0fB", math.Round(float64(b)/Billion))
+	case b > Million:
+		return fmt.Sprintf("%.0fM", math.Round(float64(b)/Million))
+	case b > Thousand:
+		return fmt.Sprintf("%.0fK", math.Round(float64(b)/Thousand))
 	default:
 		return fmt.Sprintf("%d", b)
 	}
--- a/format/format_test.go
+++ b/format/format_test.go
@@ -1,34 +0,0 @@
-package format
-
-import (
-	"testing"
-)
-
-func TestHumanNumber(t *testing.T) {
-
-	type testCase struct {
-		input    uint64
-		expected string
-	}
-
-	testCases := []testCase{
-		{0, "0"},
-		{1000000, "1M"},
-		{125000000, "125M"},
-		{500500000, "500.50M"},
-		{500550000, "500.55M"},
-		{1000000000, "1B"},
-		{2800000000, "2.8B"},
-		{2850000000, "2.9B"},
-		{1000000000000, "1000B"},
-	}
-
-	for _, tc := range testCases {
-		t.Run(tc.expected, func(t *testing.T) {
-			result := HumanNumber(tc.input)
-			if result != tc.expected {
-				t.Errorf("Expected %s, got %s", tc.expected, result)
-			}
-		})
-	}
-}
--- a/format/time.go
+++ b/format/time.go
@@ -60,9 +60,7 @@ func humanTime(t time.Time, zeroValue string) string {
 	}

 	delta := time.Since(t)
-	if int(delta.Hours())/24/365 < -20 {
-		return "Forever"
-	} else if delta < 0 {
+	if delta < 0 {
 		return humanDuration(-delta) + " from now"
 	}

--- a/format/time_test.go
+++ b/format/time_test.go
@@ -32,14 +32,4 @@ func TestHumanTime(t *testing.T) {
 		v := now.Add(800 * time.Millisecond)
 		assertEqual(t, HumanTime(v, ""), "Less than a second from now")
 	})
-
-	t.Run("time way in the future", func(t *testing.T) {
-		v := now.Add(24 * time.Hour * 365 * 200)
-		assertEqual(t, HumanTime(v, ""), "Forever")
-	})
-
-	t.Run("time way in the future lowercase", func(t *testing.T) {
-		v := now.Add(24 * time.Hour * 365 * 200)
-		assertEqual(t, HumanTimeLower(v, ""), "forever")
-	})
 }
--- a/go.mod
+++ b/go.mod
@@ -1,76 +1,74 @@
 module github.com/ollama/ollama

-go 1.22.0
+go 1.22
+
+toolchain go1.22.0

 require (
 	github.com/containerd/console v1.0.3
+	github.com/d4l3k/go-bfloat16 v0.0.0-20211005043715-690c3bdd05f1
 	github.com/emirpasic/gods v1.18.1
-	github.com/gin-gonic/gin v1.10.0
-	github.com/golang/protobuf v1.5.4 // indirect
-	github.com/google/uuid v1.1.2
+	github.com/gin-gonic/gin v1.9.1
+	github.com/golang/protobuf v1.5.0 // indirect
+	github.com/google/uuid v1.0.0
+	github.com/mitchellh/mapstructure v1.5.0
 	github.com/olekukonko/tablewriter v0.0.5
 	github.com/spf13/cobra v1.7.0
-	github.com/stretchr/testify v1.9.0
+	github.com/stretchr/testify v1.8.4
 	github.com/x448/float16 v0.8.4
 	golang.org/x/sync v0.3.0
 )

-require (
-	github.com/d4l3k/go-bfloat16 v0.0.0-20211005043715-690c3bdd05f1
-	github.com/mattn/go-runewidth v0.0.14
-	github.com/nlpodyssey/gopickle v0.3.0
-	github.com/pdevine/tensor v0.0.0-20240510204454-f88f4562727c
-)
+require github.com/pdevine/tensor v0.0.0-20240228013915-64ccaa8d9ca9

 require (
-	github.com/apache/arrow/go/arrow v0.0.0-20211112161151-bc219186db40 // indirect
-	github.com/bytedance/sonic/loader v0.1.1 // indirect
+	github.com/apache/arrow/go/arrow v0.0.0-20201229220542-30ce2eb5d4dc // indirect
 	github.com/chewxy/hm v1.0.0 // indirect
-	github.com/chewxy/math32 v1.10.1 // indirect
-	github.com/cloudwego/base64x v0.1.4 // indirect
-	github.com/cloudwego/iasm v0.2.0 // indirect
+	github.com/chewxy/math32 v1.0.8 // indirect
 	github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.1 // indirect
 	github.com/gogo/protobuf v1.3.2 // indirect
-	github.com/google/flatbuffers v24.3.25+incompatible // indirect
-	github.com/kr/text v0.2.0 // indirect
+	github.com/google/flatbuffers v1.12.0 // indirect
+	github.com/mattn/go-runewidth v0.0.14 // indirect
 	github.com/pkg/errors v0.9.1 // indirect
 	github.com/pmezard/go-difflib v1.0.0 // indirect
 	github.com/rivo/uniseg v0.2.0 // indirect
 	github.com/xtgo/set v1.0.0 // indirect
 	go4.org/unsafe/assume-no-moving-gc v0.0.0-20231121144256-b99613f794b6 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/xerrors v0.0.0-20200804184101-5ec99f83aff1 // indirect
-	gonum.org/v1/gonum v0.15.0 // indirect
+	gonum.org/v1/gonum v0.8.2 // indirect
 	gorgonia.org/vecf32 v0.9.0 // indirect
 	gorgonia.org/vecf64 v0.9.0 // indirect
 )

 require (
-	github.com/bytedance/sonic v1.11.6 // indirect
-	github.com/gabriel-vasile/mimetype v1.4.3 // indirect
-	github.com/gin-contrib/cors v1.7.2
+	github.com/bytedance/sonic v1.9.1 // indirect
+	github.com/chenzhuoyu/base64x v0.0.0-20221115062448-fe3a3abad311 // indirect
+	github.com/gabriel-vasile/mimetype v1.4.2 // indirect
+	github.com/gin-contrib/cors v1.4.0
 	github.com/gin-contrib/sse v0.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/go-playground/locales v0.14.1 // indirect
 	github.com/go-playground/universal-translator v0.18.1 // indirect
-	github.com/go-playground/validator/v10 v10.20.0 // indirect
+	github.com/go-playground/validator/v10 v10.14.0 // indirect
 	github.com/goccy/go-json v0.10.2 // indirect
+	github.com/google/go-cmp v0.5.9 // indirect
 	github.com/inconshreveable/mousetrap v1.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/json-iterator/go v1.1.12 // indirect
-	github.com/klauspost/cpuid/v2 v2.2.7 // indirect
-	github.com/leodido/go-urn v1.4.0 // indirect
-	github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.20 // indirect
+	github.com/klauspost/cpuid/v2 v2.2.4 // indirect
+	github.com/leodido/go-urn v1.2.4 // indirect
+	github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.19 // indirect
 	github.com/modern-go/concurrent v0.0.0-20180306012644-bacd9c7ef1dd // indirect
 	github.com/modern-go/reflect2 v1.0.2 // indirect
-	github.com/pelletier/go-toml/v2 v2.2.2 // indirect
+	github.com/pelletier/go-toml/v2 v2.0.8 // indirect
 	github.com/spf13/pflag v1.0.5 // indirect
 	github.com/twitchyliquid64/golang-asm v0.15.1 // indirect
-	github.com/ugorji/go/codec v1.2.12 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/arch v0.8.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/crypto v0.23.0
-	golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20231110203233-9a3e6036ecaa
-	golang.org/x/net v0.25.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/sys v0.20.0
-	golang.org/x/term v0.20.0
-	golang.org/x/text v0.15.0 // indirect
-	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.34.1
+	github.com/ugorji/go/codec v1.2.11 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/arch v0.3.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/crypto v0.14.0
+	golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20230817173708-d852ddb80c63
+	golang.org/x/net v0.17.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/sys v0.13.0
+	golang.org/x/term v0.13.0
+	golang.org/x/text v0.13.0 // indirect
+	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.30.0
 	gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1 // indirect
 )
--- a/go.sum
+++ b/go.sum
@@ -1,32 +1,22 @@
 cloud.google.com/go v0.26.0/go.mod h1:aQUYkXzVsufM+DwF1aE+0xfcU+56JwCaLick0ClmMTw=
-cloud.google.com/go v0.34.0/go.mod h1:aQUYkXzVsufM+DwF1aE+0xfcU+56JwCaLick0ClmMTw=
-dmitri.shuralyov.com/gpu/mtl v0.0.0-20190408044501-666a987793e9/go.mod h1:H6x//7gZCb22OMCxBHrMx7a5I7Hp++hsVxbQ4BYO7hU=
-gioui.org v0.0.0-20210308172011-57750fc8a0a6/go.mod h1:RSH6KIUZ0p2xy5zHDxgAM4zumjgTw83q2ge/PI+yyw8=
 github.com/BurntSushi/toml v0.3.1/go.mod h1:xHWCNGjB5oqiDr8zfno3MHue2Ht5sIBksp03qcyfWMU=
-github.com/BurntSushi/xgb v0.0.0-20160522181843-27f122750802/go.mod h1:IVnqGOEym/WlBOVXweHU+Q+/VP0lqqI8lqeDx9IjBqo=
 github.com/ajstarks/svgo v0.0.0-20180226025133-644b8db467af/go.mod h1:K08gAheRH3/J6wwsYMMT4xOr94bZjxIelGM0+d/wbFw=
-github.com/antihax/optional v1.0.0/go.mod h1:uupD/76wgC+ih3iEmQUL+0Ugr19nfwCT1kdvxnR2qWY=
-github.com/apache/arrow/go/arrow v0.0.0-20211112161151-bc219186db40 h1:q4dksr6ICHXqG5hm0ZW5IHyeEJXoIJSOZeBLmWPNeIQ=
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-google.golang.org/grpc v1.33.1/go.mod h1:fr5YgcSWrqhRRxogOsw7RzIpsmvOZ6IcH4kBYTpR3n0=
-google.golang.org/grpc v1.36.0/go.mod h1:qjiiYl8FncCW8feJPdyg3v6XW24KsRHe+dy9BAGRRjU=
-google.golang.org/grpc v1.38.0/go.mod h1:NREThFqKR1f3iQ6oBuvc5LadQuXVGo9rkm5ZGrQdJfM=
-google.golang.org/grpc v1.39.0/go.mod h1:PImNr+rS9TWYb2O4/emRugxiyHZ5JyHW5F+RPnDzfrE=
+google.golang.org/grpc v1.32.0 h1:zWTV+LMdc3kaiJMSTOFz2UgSBgx8RNQoTGiZu3fR9S0=
+google.golang.org/grpc v1.32.0/go.mod h1:N36X2cJ7JwdamYAgDz+s+rVMFjt3numwzf/HckM8pak=
+google.golang.org/grpc/cmd/protoc-gen-go-grpc v0.0.0-20200910201057-6591123024b3/go.mod h1:6Kw0yEErY5E/yWrBtf03jp27GLLJujG4z/JK95pnjjw=
 google.golang.org/protobuf v0.0.0-20200109180630-ec00e32a8dfd/go.mod h1:DFci5gLYBciE7Vtevhsrf46CRTquxDuWsQurQQe4oz8=
 google.golang.org/protobuf v0.0.0-20200221191635-4d8936d0db64/go.mod h1:kwYJMbMJ01Woi6D6+Kah6886xMZcty6N08ah7+eCXa0=
 google.golang.org/protobuf v0.0.0-20200228230310-ab0ca4ff8a60/go.mod h1:cfTl7dwQJ+fmap5saPgwCLgHXTUD7jkjRqWcaiX5VyM=
@@ -334,18 +281,20 @@ google.golang.org/protobuf v1.21.0/go.mod h1:47Nbq4nVaFHyn7ilMalzfO3qCViNmqZ2kzi
 google.golang.org/protobuf v1.22.0/go.mod h1:EGpADcykh3NcUnDUJcl1+ZksZNG86OlYog2l/sGQquU=
 google.golang.org/protobuf v1.23.0/go.mod h1:EGpADcykh3NcUnDUJcl1+ZksZNG86OlYog2l/sGQquU=
 google.golang.org/protobuf v1.23.1-0.20200526195155-81db48ad09cc/go.mod h1:EGpADcykh3NcUnDUJcl1+ZksZNG86OlYog2l/sGQquU=
+google.golang.org/protobuf v1.24.0/go.mod h1:r/3tXBNzIEhYS9I1OUVjXDlt8tc493IdKGjtUeSXeh4=
 google.golang.org/protobuf v1.25.0/go.mod h1:9JNX74DMeImyA3h4bdi1ymwjUzf21/xIlbajtzgsN7c=
 google.golang.org/protobuf v1.26.0-rc.1/go.mod h1:jlhhOSvTdKEhbULTjvd4ARK9grFBp09yW+WbY/TyQbw=
-google.golang.org/protobuf v1.26.0/go.mod h1:9q0QmTI4eRPtz6boOQmLYwt+qCgq0jsYwAQnmE0givc=
-google.golang.org/protobuf v1.27.1/go.mod h1:9q0QmTI4eRPtz6boOQmLYwt+qCgq0jsYwAQnmE0givc=
-google.golang.org/protobuf v1.34.1 h1:9ddQBjfCyZPOHPUiPxpYESBLc+T8P3E+Vo4IbKZgFWg=
-google.golang.org/protobuf v1.34.1/go.mod h1:c6P6GXX6sHbq/GpV6MGZEdwhWPcYBgnhAHhKbcUYpos=
+google.golang.org/protobuf v1.28.0/go.mod h1:HV8QOd/L58Z+nl8r43ehVNZIU/HEI6OcFqwMG9pJV4I=
+google.golang.org/protobuf v1.30.0 h1:kPPoIgf3TsEvrm0PFe15JQ+570QVxYzEvvHqChK+cng=
+google.golang.org/protobuf v1.30.0/go.mod h1:HV8QOd/L58Z+nl8r43ehVNZIU/HEI6OcFqwMG9pJV4I=
 gopkg.in/check.v1 v0.0.0-20161208181325-20d25e280405/go.mod h1:Co6ibVJAznAaIkqp8huTwlJQCZ016jof/cbN4VW5Yz0=
+gopkg.in/check.v1 v1.0.0-20180628173108-788fd7840127/go.mod h1:Co6ibVJAznAaIkqp8huTwlJQCZ016jof/cbN4VW5Yz0=
 gopkg.in/check.v1 v1.0.0-20201130134442-10cb98267c6c h1:Hei/4ADfdWqJk1ZMxUNpqntNwaWcugrBjAiHlqqRiVk=
 gopkg.in/check.v1 v1.0.0-20201130134442-10cb98267c6c/go.mod h1:JHkPIbrfpd72SG/EVd6muEfDQjcINNoR0C8j2r3qZ4Q=
-gopkg.in/yaml.v2 v2.2.2/go.mod h1:hI93XBmqTisBFMUTm0b8Fm+jr3Dg1NNxqwp+5A1VGuI=
-gopkg.in/yaml.v2 v2.2.3/go.mod h1:hI93XBmqTisBFMUTm0b8Fm+jr3Dg1NNxqwp+5A1VGuI=
+gopkg.in/errgo.v2 v2.1.0/go.mod h1:hNsd1EY+bozCKY1Ytp96fpM3vjJbqLJn88ws8XvfDNI=
+gopkg.in/yaml.v2 v2.4.0/go.mod h1:RDklbk79AGWmwhnvt/jBztapEOGDOx6ZbXqjP6csGnQ=
 gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.0-20200313102051-9f266ea9e77c/go.mod h1:K4uyk7z7BCEPqu6E+C64Yfv1cQ7kz7rIZviUmN+EgEM=
+gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.0-20210107192922-496545a6307b/go.mod h1:K4uyk7z7BCEPqu6E+C64Yfv1cQ7kz7rIZviUmN+EgEM=
 gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1 h1:fxVm/GzAzEWqLHuvctI91KS9hhNmmWOoWu0XTYJS7CA=
 gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1/go.mod h1:K4uyk7z7BCEPqu6E+C64Yfv1cQ7kz7rIZviUmN+EgEM=
 gorgonia.org/vecf32 v0.9.0 h1:PClazic1r+JVJ1dEzRXgeiVl4g1/Hf/w+wUSqnco1Xg=
@@ -354,5 +303,4 @@ gorgonia.org/vecf64 v0.9.0 h1:bgZDP5x0OzBF64PjMGC3EvTdOoMEcmfAh1VCUnZFm1A=
 gorgonia.org/vecf64 v0.9.0/go.mod h1:hp7IOWCnRiVQKON73kkC/AUMtEXyf9kGlVrtPQ9ccVA=
 honnef.co/go/tools v0.0.0-20190102054323-c2f93a96b099/go.mod h1:rf3lG4BRIbNafJWhAfAdb/ePZxsR/4RtNHQocxwk9r4=
 honnef.co/go/tools v0.0.0-20190523083050-ea95bdfd59fc/go.mod h1:rf3lG4BRIbNafJWhAfAdb/ePZxsR/4RtNHQocxwk9r4=
-nullprogram.com/x/optparse v1.0.0/go.mod h1:KdyPE+Igbe0jQUrVfMqDMeJQIJZEuyV7pjYmp6pbG50=
 rsc.io/pdf v0.1.1/go.mod h1:n8OzWcQ6Sp37PL01nO98y4iUCRdTGarVfzxY20ICaU4=
--- a/gpu/amd_common.go
+++ b/gpu/amd_common.go
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import (
 	"log/slog"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
-	"runtime"
+	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 )

@@ -35,66 +35,22 @@ func GetSupportedGFX(libDir string) ([]string, error) {
 	return ret, nil
 }

-func rocmGetVisibleDevicesEnv(gpuInfo []GpuInfo) (string, string) {
-	ids := []string{}
-	for _, info := range gpuInfo {
-		if info.Library != "rocm" {
-			// TODO shouldn't happen if things are wired correctly...
-			slog.Debug("rocmGetVisibleDevicesEnv skipping over non-rocm device", "library", info.Library)
+func amdSetVisibleDevices(ids []int, skip map[int]interface{}) {
+	// Set the visible devices if not already set
+	// TODO - does sort order matter?
+	devices := []string{}
+	for i := range ids {
+		if _, skipped := skip[i]; skipped {
 			continue
 		}
-		ids = append(ids, info.ID)
+		devices = append(devices, strconv.Itoa(i))
+	}
+
+	val := strings.Join(devices, ",")
+	err := os.Setenv("HIP_VISIBLE_DEVICES", val)
+	if err != nil {
+		slog.Warn(fmt.Sprintf("failed to set env: %s", err))
+	} else {
+		slog.Info("Setting HIP_VISIBLE_DEVICES=" + val)
 	}
-	return "HIP_VISIBLE_DEVICES", strings.Join(ids, ",")
-}
-
-func commonAMDValidateLibDir() (string, error) {
-	// We try to favor system paths first, so that we can wire up the subprocess to use
-	// the system version.  Only use our bundled version if the system version doesn't work
-	// This gives users a more recovery options if versions have subtle problems at runtime
-
-	// Prefer explicit HIP env var
-	hipPath := os.Getenv("HIP_PATH")
-	if hipPath != "" {
-		hipLibDir := filepath.Join(hipPath, "bin")
-		if rocmLibUsable(hipLibDir) {
-			slog.Debug("detected ROCM via HIP_PATH=" + hipPath)
-			return hipLibDir, nil
-		}
-	}
-
-	// Scan the LD_LIBRARY_PATH or PATH
-	pathEnv := "LD_LIBRARY_PATH"
-	if runtime.GOOS == "windows" {
-		pathEnv = "PATH"
-	}
-
-	paths := os.Getenv(pathEnv)
-	for _, path := range filepath.SplitList(paths) {
-		d, err := filepath.Abs(path)
-		if err != nil {
-			continue
-		}
-		if rocmLibUsable(d) {
-			return d, nil
-		}
-	}
-
-	// Well known location(s)
-	for _, path := range RocmStandardLocations {
-		if rocmLibUsable(path) {
-			return path, nil
-		}
-	}
-
-	// Installer payload location if we're running the installed binary
-	exe, err := os.Executable()
-	if err == nil {
-		rocmTargetDir := filepath.Join(filepath.Dir(exe), "rocm")
-		if rocmLibUsable(rocmTargetDir) {
-			slog.Debug("detected ROCM next to ollama executable " + rocmTargetDir)
-			return rocmTargetDir, nil
-		}
-	}
-	return "", fmt.Errorf("no suitable rocm found, falling back to CPU")
 }
--- a/gpu/amd_hip_windows.go
+++ b/gpu/amd_hip_windows.go
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ package gpu
 import (
 	"fmt"
 	"log/slog"
+	"strconv"
 	"syscall"
 	"unsafe"

@@ -68,27 +69,21 @@ func NewHipLib() (*HipLib, error) {
 func (hl *HipLib) Release() {
 	err := windows.FreeLibrary(hl.dll)
 	if err != nil {
-		slog.Warn("failed to unload amdhip64.dll", "error", err)
+		slog.Warn(fmt.Sprintf("failed to unload amdhip64.dll: %s", err))
 	}
 	hl.dll = 0
 }

-func (hl *HipLib) AMDDriverVersion() (driverMajor, driverMinor int, err error) {
+func (hl *HipLib) AMDDriverVersion() (string, error) {
 	if hl.dll == 0 {
-		return 0, 0, fmt.Errorf("dll has been unloaded")
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("dll has been unloaded")
 	}
 	var version int
 	status, _, err := syscall.SyscallN(hl.hipDriverGetVersion, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&version)))
 	if status != hipSuccess {
-		return 0, 0, fmt.Errorf("failed call to hipDriverGetVersion: %d %s", status, err)
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed call to hipDriverGetVersion: %d %s", status, err)
 	}
-
-	slog.Debug("hipDriverGetVersion", "version", version)
-	// TODO - this isn't actually right, but the docs claim hipDriverGetVersion isn't accurate anyway...
-	driverMajor = version / 1000
-	driverMinor = (version - (driverMajor * 1000)) / 10
-
-	return driverMajor, driverMinor, nil
+	return strconv.Itoa(version), nil
 }

 func (hl *HipLib) HipGetDeviceCount() int {
@@ -103,7 +98,7 @@ func (hl *HipLib) HipGetDeviceCount() int {
 		return 0
 	}
 	if status != hipSuccess {
-		slog.Warn("failed call to hipGetDeviceCount", "status", status, "error", err)
+		slog.Warn(fmt.Sprintf("failed call to hipGetDeviceCount: %d %s", status, err))
 	}
 	return count
 }
--- a/gpu/amd_linux.go
+++ b/gpu/amd_linux.go
@@ -8,12 +8,9 @@ import (
 	"log/slog"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
-	"regexp"
 	"slices"
 	"strconv"
 	"strings"
-
-	"github.com/ollama/ollama/format"
 )

 // Discovery logic for AMD/ROCm GPUs
@@ -26,157 +23,187 @@ const (
 	// Prefix with the node dir
 	GPUTotalMemoryFileGlob = "mem_banks/*/properties" // size_in_bytes line
 	GPUUsedMemoryFileGlob  = "mem_banks/*/used_memory"
+	RocmStandardLocation   = "/opt/rocm/lib"
+
+	// TODO find a better way to detect iGPU instead of minimum memory
+	IGPUMemLimit = 1024 * 1024 * 1024 // 512G is what they typically report, so anything less than 1G must be iGPU
 )

 var (
 	// Used to validate if the given ROCm lib is usable
-	ROCmLibGlobs          = []string{"libhipblas.so.2*", "rocblas"} // TODO - probably include more coverage of files here...
-	RocmStandardLocations = []string{"/opt/rocm/lib", "/usr/lib64"}
+	ROCmLibGlobs = []string{"libhipblas.so.2*", "rocblas"} // TODO - probably include more coverage of files here...
 )

 // Gather GPU information from the amdgpu driver if any supported GPUs are detected
-func AMDGetGPUInfo() []GpuInfo {
-	resp := []GpuInfo{}
+// HIP_VISIBLE_DEVICES will be set if we detect a mix of unsupported and supported devices
+// and the user hasn't already set this variable
+func AMDGetGPUInfo(resp *GpuInfo) {
+	// TODO - DRY this out with windows
 	if !AMDDetected() {
-		return resp
+		return
 	}
+	skip := map[int]interface{}{}

 	// Opportunistic logging of driver version to aid in troubleshooting
-	driverMajor, driverMinor, err := AMDDriverVersion()
-	if err != nil {
+	ver, err := AMDDriverVersion()
+	if err == nil {
+		slog.Info("AMD Driver: " + ver)
+	} else {
 		// TODO - if we see users crash and burn with the upstreamed kernel this can be adjusted to hard-fail rocm support and fallback to CPU
-		slog.Warn("ollama recommends running the https://www.amd.com/en/support/linux-drivers", "error", err)
+		slog.Warn(fmt.Sprintf("ollama recommends running the https://www.amd.com/en/support/linux-drivers: %s", err))
 	}

-	// Determine if the user has already pre-selected which GPUs to look at, then ignore the others
-	var visibleDevices []string
-	hipVD := os.Getenv("HIP_VISIBLE_DEVICES")   // zero based index only
-	rocrVD := os.Getenv("ROCR_VISIBLE_DEVICES") // zero based index or UUID, but consumer cards seem to not support UUID
-	gpuDO := os.Getenv("GPU_DEVICE_ORDINAL")    // zero based index
-	switch {
-	// TODO is this priorty order right?
-	case hipVD != "":
-		visibleDevices = strings.Split(hipVD, ",")
-	case rocrVD != "":
-		visibleDevices = strings.Split(rocrVD, ",")
-		// TODO - since we don't yet support UUIDs, consider detecting and reporting here
-		// all our test systems show GPU-XX indicating UUID is not supported
-	case gpuDO != "":
-		visibleDevices = strings.Split(gpuDO, ",")
+	// If the user has specified exactly which GPUs to use, look up their memory
+	visibleDevices := os.Getenv("HIP_VISIBLE_DEVICES")
+	if visibleDevices != "" {
+		ids := []int{}
+		for _, idStr := range strings.Split(visibleDevices, ",") {
+			id, err := strconv.Atoi(idStr)
+			if err != nil {
+				slog.Warn(fmt.Sprintf("malformed HIP_VISIBLE_DEVICES=%s %s", visibleDevices, err))
+			} else {
+				ids = append(ids, id)
+			}
+		}
+		amdProcMemLookup(resp, nil, ids)
+		return
 	}

+	// Gather GFX version information from all detected cards
+	gfx := AMDGFXVersions()
+	verStrings := []string{}
+	for i, v := range gfx {
+		verStrings = append(verStrings, v.ToGFXString())
+		if v.Major == 0 {
+			// Silently skip CPUs
+			skip[i] = struct{}{}
+			continue
+		}
+		if v.Major < 9 {
+			// TODO consider this a build-time setting if we can support 8xx family GPUs
+			slog.Warn(fmt.Sprintf("amdgpu [%d] too old %s", i, v.ToGFXString()))
+			skip[i] = struct{}{}
+		}
+	}
+	slog.Info(fmt.Sprintf("detected amdgpu versions %v", verStrings))
+
+	// Abort if all GPUs are skipped
+	if len(skip) >= len(gfx) {
+		slog.Info("all detected amdgpus are skipped, falling back to CPU")
+		return
+	}
+
+	// If we got this far, then we have at least 1 GPU that's a ROCm candidate, so make sure we have a lib
+	libDir, err := AMDValidateLibDir()
+	if err != nil {
+		slog.Warn(fmt.Sprintf("unable to verify rocm library, will use cpu: %s", err))
+		return
+	}
+
+	updateLibPath(libDir)
+
 	gfxOverride := os.Getenv("HSA_OVERRIDE_GFX_VERSION")
-	var supported []string
-	libDir := ""
-
-	// The amdgpu driver always exposes the host CPU(s) first, but we have to skip them and subtract
-	// from the other IDs to get alignment with the HIP libraries expectations (zero is the first GPU, not the CPU)
-	matches, _ := filepath.Glob(GPUPropertiesFileGlob)
-	cpuCount := 0
-	for _, match := range matches {
-		slog.Debug("evaluating amdgpu node " + match)
-		fp, err := os.Open(match)
+	if gfxOverride == "" {
+		supported, err := GetSupportedGFX(libDir)
 		if err != nil {
-			slog.Debug("failed to open sysfs node", "file", match, "error", err)
-			continue
-		}
-		defer fp.Close()
-		nodeID, err := strconv.Atoi(filepath.Base(filepath.Dir(match)))
-		if err != nil {
-			slog.Debug("failed to parse node ID", "error", err)
-			continue
+			slog.Warn(fmt.Sprintf("failed to lookup supported GFX types, falling back to CPU mode: %s", err))
+			return
 		}
+		slog.Debug(fmt.Sprintf("rocm supported GPU types %v", supported))

-		scanner := bufio.NewScanner(fp)
-		isCPU := false
-		var major, minor, patch uint64
-		var vendor, device uint64
-		for scanner.Scan() {
-			line := strings.TrimSpace(scanner.Text())
-			// Note: we could also use "cpu_cores_count X" where X is greater than zero to detect CPUs
-			if strings.HasPrefix(line, "gfx_target_version") {
-				ver := strings.Fields(line)
-
-				// Detect CPUs
-				if len(ver) == 2 && ver[1] == "0" {
-					slog.Debug("detected CPU " + match)
-					isCPU = true
-					break
-				}
-
-				if len(ver) != 2 || len(ver[1]) < 5 {
-					slog.Warn("malformed "+match, "gfx_target_version", line)
-					// If this winds up being a CPU, our offsets may be wrong
-					continue
-				}
-				l := len(ver[1])
-				var err1, err2, err3 error
-				patch, err1 = strconv.ParseUint(ver[1][l-2:l], 10, 32)
-				minor, err2 = strconv.ParseUint(ver[1][l-4:l-2], 10, 32)
-				major, err3 = strconv.ParseUint(ver[1][:l-4], 10, 32)
-				if err1 != nil || err2 != nil || err3 != nil {
-					slog.Debug("malformed int " + line)
-					continue
-				}
-			} else if strings.HasPrefix(line, "vendor_id") {
-				ver := strings.Fields(line)
-				if len(ver) != 2 {
-					slog.Debug("malformed vendor_id", "vendor_id", line)
-					continue
-				}
-				vendor, err = strconv.ParseUint(ver[1], 10, 32)
-				if err != nil {
-					slog.Debug("malformed vendor_id" + line)
-				}
-			} else if strings.HasPrefix(line, "device_id") {
-				ver := strings.Fields(line)
-				if len(ver) != 2 {
-					slog.Debug("malformed device_id", "device_id", line)
-					continue
-				}
-				device, err = strconv.ParseUint(ver[1], 10, 32)
-				if err != nil {
-					slog.Debug("malformed device_id" + line)
-				}
+		for i, v := range gfx {
+			if !slices.Contains[[]string, string](supported, v.ToGFXString()) {
+				slog.Warn(fmt.Sprintf("amdgpu [%d] %s is not supported by %s %v", i, v.ToGFXString(), libDir, supported))
+				// TODO - consider discrete markdown just for ROCM troubleshooting?
+				slog.Warn("See https://github.com/ollama/ollama/blob/main/docs/gpu.md#overrides for HSA_OVERRIDE_GFX_VERSION usage")
+				skip[i] = struct{}{}
+			} else {
+				slog.Info(fmt.Sprintf("amdgpu [%d] %s is supported", i, v.ToGFXString()))
 			}
-
-			// TODO - any other properties we want to extract and record?
-			// vendor_id + device_id -> pci lookup for "Name"
-			// Other metrics that may help us understand relative performance between multiple GPUs
 		}
+	} else {
+		slog.Debug("skipping rocm gfx compatibility check with HSA_OVERRIDE_GFX_VERSION=" + gfxOverride)
+	}

-		if isCPU {
-			cpuCount++
+	if len(skip) >= len(gfx) {
+		slog.Info("all detected amdgpus are skipped, falling back to CPU")
+		return
+	}
+
+	ids := make([]int, len(gfx))
+	i := 0
+	for k := range gfx {
+		ids[i] = k
+		i++
+	}
+	amdProcMemLookup(resp, skip, ids)
+	if resp.memInfo.DeviceCount == 0 {
+		return
+	}
+	if len(skip) > 0 {
+		amdSetVisibleDevices(ids, skip)
+	}
+}
+
+func updateLibPath(libDir string) {
+	ldPaths := []string{}
+	if val, ok := os.LookupEnv("LD_LIBRARY_PATH"); ok {
+		ldPaths = strings.Split(val, ":")
+	}
+	for _, d := range ldPaths {
+		if d == libDir {
+			return
+		}
+	}
+	val := strings.Join(append(ldPaths, libDir), ":")
+	slog.Debug("updated lib path", "LD_LIBRARY_PATH", val)
+	os.Setenv("LD_LIBRARY_PATH", val)
+}
+
+// Walk the sysfs nodes for the available GPUs and gather information from them
+// skipping over any devices in the skip map
+func amdProcMemLookup(resp *GpuInfo, skip map[int]interface{}, ids []int) {
+	resp.memInfo.DeviceCount = 0
+	resp.memInfo.TotalMemory = 0
+	resp.memInfo.FreeMemory = 0
+	slog.Debug("discovering VRAM for amdgpu devices")
+	if len(ids) == 0 {
+		entries, err := os.ReadDir(AMDNodesSysfsDir)
+		if err != nil {
+			slog.Warn(fmt.Sprintf("failed to read amdgpu sysfs %s - %s", AMDNodesSysfsDir, err))
+			return
+		}
+		for _, node := range entries {
+			if !node.IsDir() {
+				continue
+			}
+			id, err := strconv.Atoi(node.Name())
+			if err != nil {
+				slog.Warn("malformed amdgpu sysfs node id " + node.Name())
+				continue
+			}
+			ids = append(ids, id)
+		}
+	}
+	slog.Debug(fmt.Sprintf("amdgpu devices %v", ids))
+
+	for _, id := range ids {
+		if _, skipped := skip[id]; skipped {
 			continue
 		}
-
-		// CPUs are always first in the list
-		gpuID := nodeID - cpuCount
-
-		// Shouldn't happen, but just in case...
-		if gpuID < 0 {
-			slog.Error("unexpected amdgpu sysfs data resulted in negative GPU ID, please set OLLAMA_DEBUG=1 and report an issue")
-			return []GpuInfo{}
-		}
-
-		if int(major) < RocmComputeMin {
-			slog.Warn(fmt.Sprintf("amdgpu too old gfx%d%x%x", major, minor, patch), "gpu", gpuID)
-			continue
-		}
-
-		// Look up the memory for the current node
 		totalMemory := uint64(0)
 		usedMemory := uint64(0)
-		propGlob := filepath.Join(AMDNodesSysfsDir, strconv.Itoa(nodeID), GPUTotalMemoryFileGlob)
+		// Adjust for sysfs vs HIP ids
+		propGlob := filepath.Join(AMDNodesSysfsDir, strconv.Itoa(id+1), GPUTotalMemoryFileGlob)
 		propFiles, err := filepath.Glob(propGlob)
 		if err != nil {
-			slog.Warn("error looking up total GPU memory", "glob", propGlob, "error", err)
+			slog.Warn(fmt.Sprintf("error looking up total GPU memory: %s %s", propGlob, err))
 		}
 		// 1 or more memory banks - sum the values of all of them
 		for _, propFile := range propFiles {
 			fp, err := os.Open(propFile)
 			if err != nil {
-				slog.Warn("failed to open sysfs node", "file", propFile, "erroir", err)
+				slog.Warn(fmt.Sprintf("failed to open sysfs node file %s: %s", propFile, err))
 				continue
 			}
 			defer fp.Close()
@@ -199,118 +226,49 @@ func AMDGetGPUInfo() []GpuInfo {
 			}
 		}
 		if totalMemory == 0 {
-			slog.Warn("amdgpu reports zero total memory", "gpu", gpuID)
+			slog.Warn(fmt.Sprintf("amdgpu [%d] reports zero total memory, skipping", id))
+			skip[id] = struct{}{}
 			continue
 		}
-		usedGlob := filepath.Join(AMDNodesSysfsDir, strconv.Itoa(nodeID), GPUUsedMemoryFileGlob)
+		if totalMemory < IGPUMemLimit {
+			slog.Info(fmt.Sprintf("amdgpu [%d] appears to be an iGPU with %dM reported total memory, skipping", id, totalMemory/1024/1024))
+			skip[id] = struct{}{}
+			continue
+		}
+		usedGlob := filepath.Join(AMDNodesSysfsDir, strconv.Itoa(id), GPUUsedMemoryFileGlob)
 		usedFiles, err := filepath.Glob(usedGlob)
 		if err != nil {
-			slog.Warn("error looking up used GPU memory", "glob", usedGlob, "error", err)
+			slog.Warn(fmt.Sprintf("error looking up used GPU memory: %s %s", usedGlob, err))
 			continue
 		}
 		for _, usedFile := range usedFiles {
 			fp, err := os.Open(usedFile)
 			if err != nil {
-				slog.Warn("failed to open sysfs node", "file", usedFile, "error", err)
+				slog.Warn(fmt.Sprintf("failed to open sysfs node file %s: %s", usedFile, err))
 				continue
 			}
 			defer fp.Close()
 			data, err := io.ReadAll(fp)
 			if err != nil {
-				slog.Warn("failed to read sysfs node", "file", usedFile, "error", err)
+				slog.Warn(fmt.Sprintf("failed to read sysfs node file %s: %s", usedFile, err))
 				continue
 			}
 			used, err := strconv.ParseUint(strings.TrimSpace(string(data)), 10, 64)
 			if err != nil {
-				slog.Warn("malformed used memory", "data", string(data), "error", err)
+				slog.Warn(fmt.Sprintf("malformed used memory %s: %s", string(data), err))
 				continue
 			}
 			usedMemory += used
 		}
-
-		// iGPU detection, remove this check once we can support an iGPU variant of the rocm library
-		if totalMemory < IGPUMemLimit {
-			slog.Info("unsupported Radeon iGPU detected skipping", "id", gpuID, "total", format.HumanBytes2(totalMemory))
-			continue
-		}
-		var name string
-		// TODO - PCI ID lookup
-		if vendor > 0 && device > 0 {
-			name = fmt.Sprintf("%04x:%04x", vendor, device)
-		}
-
-		slog.Debug("amdgpu memory", "gpu", gpuID, "total", format.HumanBytes2(totalMemory))
-		slog.Debug("amdgpu memory", "gpu", gpuID, "available", format.HumanBytes2(totalMemory-usedMemory))
-		gpuInfo := GpuInfo{
-			Library: "rocm",
-			memInfo: memInfo{
-				TotalMemory: totalMemory,
-				FreeMemory:  (totalMemory - usedMemory),
-			},
-			ID:            fmt.Sprintf("%d", gpuID),
-			Name:          name,
-			Compute:       fmt.Sprintf("gfx%d%x%x", major, minor, patch),
-			MinimumMemory: rocmMinimumMemory,
-			DriverMajor:   driverMajor,
-			DriverMinor:   driverMinor,
-		}
-
-		// If the user wants to filter to a subset of devices, filter out if we aren't a match
-		if len(visibleDevices) > 0 {
-			include := false
-			for _, visible := range visibleDevices {
-				if visible == gpuInfo.ID {
-					include = true
-					break
-				}
-			}
-			if !include {
-				slog.Info("filtering out device per user request", "id", gpuInfo.ID, "visible_devices", visibleDevices)
-				continue
-			}
-		}
-
-		// Final validation is gfx compatibility - load the library if we haven't already loaded it
-		// even if the user overrides, we still need to validate the library
-		if libDir == "" {
-			libDir, err = AMDValidateLibDir()
-			if err != nil {
-				slog.Warn("unable to verify rocm library, will use cpu", "error", err)
-				return []GpuInfo{}
-			}
-		}
-		gpuInfo.DependencyPath = libDir
-
-		if gfxOverride == "" {
-			// Only load supported list once
-			if len(supported) == 0 {
-				supported, err = GetSupportedGFX(libDir)
-				if err != nil {
-					slog.Warn("failed to lookup supported GFX types, falling back to CPU mode", "error", err)
-					return []GpuInfo{}
-				}
-				slog.Debug("rocm supported GPUs", "types", supported)
-			}
-			gfx := gpuInfo.Compute
-			if !slices.Contains[[]string, string](supported, gfx) {
-				slog.Warn("amdgpu is not supported", "gpu", gpuInfo.ID, "gpu_type", gfx, "library", libDir, "supported_types", supported)
-				// TODO - consider discrete markdown just for ROCM troubleshooting?
-				slog.Warn("See https://github.com/ollama/ollama/blob/main/docs/gpu.md#overrides for HSA_OVERRIDE_GFX_VERSION usage")
-				continue
-			} else {
-				slog.Info("amdgpu is supported", "gpu", gpuInfo.ID, "gpu_type", gfx)
-			}
-		} else {
-			slog.Info("skipping rocm gfx compatibility check", "HSA_OVERRIDE_GFX_VERSION", gfxOverride)
-		}
-
-		// The GPU has passed all the verification steps and is supported
-		resp = append(resp, gpuInfo)
+		slog.Info(fmt.Sprintf("[%d] amdgpu totalMemory %dM", id, totalMemory/1024/1024))
+		slog.Info(fmt.Sprintf("[%d] amdgpu freeMemory  %dM", id, (totalMemory-usedMemory)/1024/1024))
+		resp.memInfo.DeviceCount++
+		resp.memInfo.TotalMemory += totalMemory
+		resp.memInfo.FreeMemory += (totalMemory - usedMemory)
 	}
-	if len(resp) == 0 {
-		slog.Info("no compatible amdgpu devices detected")
+	if resp.memInfo.DeviceCount > 0 {
+		resp.Library = "rocm"
 	}
-	return resp
 }

 // Quick check for AMD driver so we can skip amdgpu discovery if not present
@@ -322,24 +280,87 @@ func AMDDetected() bool {
 		slog.Debug("amdgpu driver not detected " + sysfsDir)
 		return false
 	} else if err != nil {
-		slog.Debug("error looking up amd driver", "path", sysfsDir, "error", err)
+		slog.Debug(fmt.Sprintf("error looking up amd driver %s %s", sysfsDir, err))
 		return false
 	}
 	return true
 }

+func setupLink(source, target string) error {
+	if err := os.RemoveAll(target); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to remove old rocm directory %s %w", target, err)
+	}
+	if err := os.Symlink(source, target); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create link %s => %s %w", source, target, err)
+	}
+	slog.Debug(fmt.Sprintf("host rocm linked %s => %s", source, target))
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Ensure the AMD rocm lib dir is wired up
 // Prefer to use host installed ROCm, as long as it meets our minimum requirements
 // failing that, tell the user how to download it on their own
 func AMDValidateLibDir() (string, error) {
-	libDir, err := commonAMDValidateLibDir()
+	// We rely on the rpath compiled into our library to find rocm
+	// so we establish a symlink to wherever we find it on the system
+	// to <payloads>/rocm
+	payloadsDir, err := PayloadsDir()
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+
+	// If we already have a rocm dependency wired, nothing more to do
+	rocmTargetDir := filepath.Clean(filepath.Join(payloadsDir, "..", "rocm"))
+	if rocmLibUsable(rocmTargetDir) {
+		return rocmTargetDir, nil
+	}
+
+	// next to the running binary
+	exe, err := os.Executable()
 	if err == nil {
-		return libDir, nil
+		peerDir := filepath.Dir(exe)
+		if rocmLibUsable(peerDir) {
+			slog.Debug("detected ROCM next to ollama executable " + peerDir)
+			return rocmTargetDir, setupLink(peerDir, rocmTargetDir)
+		}
+		peerDir = filepath.Join(filepath.Dir(exe), "rocm")
+		if rocmLibUsable(peerDir) {
+			slog.Debug("detected ROCM next to ollama executable " + peerDir)
+			return rocmTargetDir, setupLink(peerDir, rocmTargetDir)
+		}
 	}

 	// Well known ollama installer path
 	installedRocmDir := "/usr/share/ollama/lib/rocm"
 	if rocmLibUsable(installedRocmDir) {
-		return installedRocmDir, nil
+		return rocmTargetDir, setupLink(installedRocmDir, rocmTargetDir)
+	}
+
+	// Prefer explicit HIP env var
+	hipPath := os.Getenv("HIP_PATH")
+	if hipPath != "" {
+		hipLibDir := filepath.Join(hipPath, "lib")
+		if rocmLibUsable(hipLibDir) {
+			slog.Debug("detected ROCM via HIP_PATH=" + hipPath)
+			return rocmTargetDir, setupLink(hipLibDir, rocmTargetDir)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Scan the library path for potential matches
+	ldPaths := strings.Split(os.Getenv("LD_LIBRARY_PATH"), ":")
+	for _, ldPath := range ldPaths {
+		d, err := filepath.Abs(ldPath)
+		if err != nil {
+			continue
+		}
+		if rocmLibUsable(d) {
+			return rocmTargetDir, setupLink(d, rocmTargetDir)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Well known location(s)
+	if rocmLibUsable("/opt/rocm/lib") {
+		return rocmTargetDir, setupLink("/opt/rocm/lib", rocmTargetDir)
 	}

 	// If we still haven't found a usable rocm, the user will have to install it on their own
@@ -347,34 +368,84 @@ func AMDValidateLibDir() (string, error) {
 	return "", fmt.Errorf("no suitable rocm found, falling back to CPU")
 }

-func AMDDriverVersion() (driverMajor, driverMinor int, err error) {
-	_, err = os.Stat(DriverVersionFile)
+func AMDDriverVersion() (string, error) {
+	_, err := os.Stat(DriverVersionFile)
 	if err != nil {
-		return 0, 0, fmt.Errorf("amdgpu version file missing: %s %w", DriverVersionFile, err)
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("amdgpu version file missing: %s %w", DriverVersionFile, err)
 	}
 	fp, err := os.Open(DriverVersionFile)
 	if err != nil {
-		return 0, 0, err
+		return "", err
 	}
 	defer fp.Close()
 	verString, err := io.ReadAll(fp)
 	if err != nil {
-		return 0, 0, err
+		return "", err
 	}
-
-	pattern := `\A(\d+)\.(\d+).*`
-	regex := regexp.MustCompile(pattern)
-	match := regex.FindStringSubmatch(string(verString))
-	if len(match) < 2 {
-		return 0, 0, fmt.Errorf("malformed version string %s", string(verString))
-	}
-	driverMajor, err = strconv.Atoi(match[1])
-	if err != nil {
-		return 0, 0, err
-	}
-	driverMinor, err = strconv.Atoi(match[2])
-	if err != nil {
-		return 0, 0, err
-	}
-	return driverMajor, driverMinor, nil
+	return strings.TrimSpace(string(verString)), nil
+}
+
+func AMDGFXVersions() map[int]Version {
+	// The amdgpu driver always exposes the host CPU as node 0, but we have to skip that and subtract one
+	// from the other IDs to get alignment with the HIP libraries expectations (zero is the first GPU, not the CPU)
+	res := map[int]Version{}
+	matches, _ := filepath.Glob(GPUPropertiesFileGlob)
+	for _, match := range matches {
+		fp, err := os.Open(match)
+		if err != nil {
+			slog.Debug(fmt.Sprintf("failed to open sysfs node file %s: %s", match, err))
+			continue
+		}
+		defer fp.Close()
+		i, err := strconv.Atoi(filepath.Base(filepath.Dir(match)))
+		if err != nil {
+			slog.Debug(fmt.Sprintf("failed to parse node ID %s", err))
+			continue
+		}
+
+		if i == 0 {
+			// Skipping the CPU
+			continue
+		}
+		// Align with HIP IDs (zero is first GPU, not CPU)
+		i -= 1
+
+		scanner := bufio.NewScanner(fp)
+		for scanner.Scan() {
+			line := strings.TrimSpace(scanner.Text())
+			if strings.HasPrefix(line, "gfx_target_version") {
+				ver := strings.Fields(line)
+				if len(ver) != 2 || len(ver[1]) < 5 {
+					if ver[1] != "0" {
+						slog.Debug("malformed " + line)
+					}
+					res[i] = Version{
+						Major: 0,
+						Minor: 0,
+						Patch: 0,
+					}
+					continue
+				}
+				l := len(ver[1])
+				patch, err1 := strconv.ParseUint(ver[1][l-2:l], 10, 32)
+				minor, err2 := strconv.ParseUint(ver[1][l-4:l-2], 10, 32)
+				major, err3 := strconv.ParseUint(ver[1][:l-4], 10, 32)
+				if err1 != nil || err2 != nil || err3 != nil {
+					slog.Debug("malformed int " + line)
+					continue
+				}
+
+				res[i] = Version{
+					Major: uint(major),
+					Minor: uint(minor),
+					Patch: uint(patch),
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return res
+}
+
+func (v Version) ToGFXString() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("gfx%d%d%d", v.Major, v.Minor, v.Patch)
 }
--- a/gpu/amd_windows.go
+++ b/gpu/amd_windows.go
@@ -8,11 +8,10 @@ import (
 	"path/filepath"
 	"slices"
 	"strings"
-
-	"github.com/ollama/ollama/format"
 )

 const (
+	RocmStandardLocation = "C:\\Program Files\\AMD\\ROCm\\5.7\\bin" // TODO glob?

 	// TODO  We're lookinng for this exact name to detect iGPUs since hipGetDeviceProperties never reports integrated==true
 	iGPUName = "AMD Radeon(TM) Graphics"
@@ -20,35 +19,39 @@ const (

 var (
 	// Used to validate if the given ROCm lib is usable
-	ROCmLibGlobs          = []string{"hipblas.dll", "rocblas"}                 // TODO - probably include more coverage of files here...
-	RocmStandardLocations = []string{"C:\\Program Files\\AMD\\ROCm\\5.7\\bin"} // TODO glob?
+	ROCmLibGlobs = []string{"hipblas.dll", "rocblas"} // TODO - probably include more coverage of files here...
 )

-func AMDGetGPUInfo() []GpuInfo {
-	resp := []GpuInfo{}
+func AMDGetGPUInfo(resp *GpuInfo) {
 	hl, err := NewHipLib()
 	if err != nil {
 		slog.Debug(err.Error())
-		return nil
+		return
 	}
 	defer hl.Release()
+	skip := map[int]interface{}{}
+	ids := []int{}
+	resp.memInfo.DeviceCount = 0
+	resp.memInfo.TotalMemory = 0
+	resp.memInfo.FreeMemory = 0

-	// TODO - this reports incorrect version information, so omitting for now
-	// driverMajor, driverMinor, err := hl.AMDDriverVersion()
-	// if err != nil {
-	// 	// For now this is benign, but we may eventually need to fail compatibility checks
-	// 	slog.Debug("error looking up amd driver version", "error", err)
-	// }
+	ver, err := hl.AMDDriverVersion()
+	if err == nil {
+		slog.Info("AMD Driver: " + ver)
+	} else {
+		// For now this is benign, but we may eventually need to fail compatibility checks
+		slog.Debug(fmt.Sprintf("error looking up amd driver version: %s", err))
+	}

-	// Note: the HIP library automatically handles subsetting to any HIP_VISIBLE_DEVICES the user specified
+	// Note: the HIP library automatically handles HIP_VISIBLE_DEVICES
 	count := hl.HipGetDeviceCount()
 	if count == 0 {
-		return nil
+		return
 	}
 	libDir, err := AMDValidateLibDir()
 	if err != nil {
-		slog.Warn("unable to verify rocm library, will use cpu", "error", err)
-		return nil
+		slog.Warn(fmt.Sprintf("unable to verify rocm library, will use cpu: %s", err))
+		return
 	}

 	var supported []string
@@ -56,94 +59,95 @@ func AMDGetGPUInfo() []GpuInfo {
 	if gfxOverride == "" {
 		supported, err = GetSupportedGFX(libDir)
 		if err != nil {
-			slog.Warn("failed to lookup supported GFX types, falling back to CPU mode", "error", err)
-			return nil
+			slog.Warn(fmt.Sprintf("failed to lookup supported GFX types, falling back to CPU mode: %s", err))
+			return
 		}
 	} else {
-		slog.Info("skipping rocm gfx compatibility check", "HSA_OVERRIDE_GFX_VERSION", gfxOverride)
+		slog.Debug("skipping rocm gfx compatibility check with HSA_OVERRIDE_GFX_VERSION=" + gfxOverride)
 	}

-	slog.Debug("detected hip devices", "count", count)
-	// TODO how to determine the underlying device ID when visible devices is causing this to subset?
+	slog.Info(fmt.Sprintf("detected %d hip devices", count))
 	for i := 0; i < count; i++ {
+		ids = append(ids, i)
 		err = hl.HipSetDevice(i)
 		if err != nil {
-			slog.Warn("set device", "id", i, "error", err)
+			slog.Warn(fmt.Sprintf("[%d] %s", i, err))
+			skip[i] = struct{}{}
 			continue
 		}

 		props, err := hl.HipGetDeviceProperties(i)
 		if err != nil {
-			slog.Warn("get properties", "id", i, "error", err)
+			slog.Warn(fmt.Sprintf("[%d] %s", i, err))
+			skip[i] = struct{}{}
 			continue
 		}
 		n := bytes.IndexByte(props.Name[:], 0)
 		name := string(props.Name[:n])
-		// TODO is UUID actually populated on windows?
-		// Can luid be used on windows for setting visible devices (and is it actually set?)
+		slog.Info(fmt.Sprintf("[%d] Name: %s", i, name))
 		n = bytes.IndexByte(props.GcnArchName[:], 0)
 		gfx := string(props.GcnArchName[:n])
-		slog.Debug("hip device", "id", i, "name", name, "gfx", gfx)
+		slog.Info(fmt.Sprintf("[%d] GcnArchName: %s", i, gfx))
 		//slog.Info(fmt.Sprintf("[%d] Integrated: %d", i, props.iGPU)) // DOESN'T REPORT CORRECTLY!  Always 0
 		// TODO  Why isn't props.iGPU accurate!?
 		if strings.EqualFold(name, iGPUName) {
-			slog.Info("unsupported Radeon iGPU detected skipping", "id", i, "name", name, "gfx", gfx)
+			slog.Info(fmt.Sprintf("iGPU detected [%d] skipping", i))
+			skip[i] = struct{}{}
 			continue
 		}
 		if gfxOverride == "" {
 			if !slices.Contains[[]string, string](supported, gfx) {
-				slog.Warn("amdgpu is not supported", "gpu", i, "gpu_type", gfx, "library", libDir, "supported_types", supported)
+				slog.Warn(fmt.Sprintf("amdgpu [%d] %s is not supported by %s %v", i, gfx, libDir, supported))
 				// TODO - consider discrete markdown just for ROCM troubleshooting?
 				slog.Warn("See https://github.com/ollama/ollama/blob/main/docs/troubleshooting.md for HSA_OVERRIDE_GFX_VERSION usage")
+				skip[i] = struct{}{}
 				continue
 			} else {
-				slog.Debug("amdgpu is supported", "gpu", i, "gpu_type", gfx)
+				slog.Info(fmt.Sprintf("amdgpu [%d] %s is supported", i, gfx))
 			}
 		}

-		freeMemory, totalMemory, err := hl.HipMemGetInfo()
+		totalMemory, freeMemory, err := hl.HipMemGetInfo()
 		if err != nil {
-			slog.Warn("get mem info", "id", i, "error", err)
+			slog.Warn(fmt.Sprintf("[%d] %s", i, err))
 			continue
 		}

-		// iGPU detection, remove this check once we can support an iGPU variant of the rocm library
-		if totalMemory < IGPUMemLimit {
-			slog.Info("amdgpu appears to be an iGPU, skipping", "gpu", i, "total", format.HumanBytes2(totalMemory))
-			continue
-		}
-
-		// TODO revisit this once ROCm v6 is available on windows.
-		// v5.7 only reports VRAM used by this process, so it's completely wrong and unusable
-		slog.Debug("amdgpu memory", "gpu", i, "total", format.HumanBytes2(totalMemory))
-		slog.Debug("amdgpu memory", "gpu", i, "available", format.HumanBytes2(freeMemory))
-		gpuInfo := GpuInfo{
-			Library: "rocm",
-			memInfo: memInfo{
-				TotalMemory: totalMemory,
-				FreeMemory:  freeMemory,
-			},
-			ID:             fmt.Sprintf("%d", i), // TODO this is probably wrong if we specify visible devices
-			DependencyPath: libDir,
-			MinimumMemory:  rocmMinimumMemory,
-			Name:           name,
-			Compute:        gfx,
-
-			// TODO - this information isn't accurate on windows, so don't report it until we find the right way to retrieve
-			// DriverMajor:    driverMajor,
-			// DriverMinor:    driverMinor,
-		}
-
-		resp = append(resp, gpuInfo)
+		// TODO according to docs, freeMem may lie on windows!
+		slog.Info(fmt.Sprintf("[%d] Total Mem: %d", i, totalMemory))
+		slog.Info(fmt.Sprintf("[%d] Free Mem:  %d", i, freeMemory))
+		resp.memInfo.DeviceCount++
+		resp.memInfo.TotalMemory += totalMemory
+		resp.memInfo.FreeMemory += freeMemory
 	}
-
-	return resp
+	if resp.memInfo.DeviceCount > 0 {
+		resp.Library = "rocm"
+	}
+	// Abort if all GPUs are skipped
+	if len(skip) >= count {
+		slog.Info("all detected amdgpus are skipped, falling back to CPU")
+		return
+	}
+	if len(skip) > 0 {
+		amdSetVisibleDevices(ids, skip)
+	}
+	UpdatePath(libDir)
 }

 func AMDValidateLibDir() (string, error) {
-	libDir, err := commonAMDValidateLibDir()
+	// On windows non-admins typically can't create links
+	// so instead of trying to rely on rpath and a link in
+	// $LibDir/rocm, we instead rely on setting PATH to point
+	// to the location of the ROCm library
+
+	// Installer payload location if we're running the installed binary
+	exe, err := os.Executable()
 	if err == nil {
-		return libDir, nil
+		rocmTargetDir := filepath.Join(filepath.Dir(exe), "rocm")
+		if rocmLibUsable(rocmTargetDir) {
+			slog.Debug("detected ROCM next to ollama executable " + rocmTargetDir)
+			return rocmTargetDir, nil
+		}
 	}

 	// Installer payload (if we're running from some other location)
@@ -155,6 +159,21 @@ func AMDValidateLibDir() (string, error) {
 		return rocmTargetDir, nil
 	}

+	// Prefer explicit HIP env var
+	hipPath := os.Getenv("HIP_PATH")
+	if hipPath != "" {
+		hipLibDir := filepath.Join(hipPath, "bin")
+		if rocmLibUsable(hipLibDir) {
+			slog.Debug("detected ROCM via HIP_PATH=" + hipPath)
+			return hipLibDir, nil
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Well known location(s)
+	if rocmLibUsable(RocmStandardLocation) {
+		return RocmStandardLocation, nil
+	}
+
 	// Should not happen on windows since we include it in the installer, but stand-alone binary might hit this
 	slog.Warn("amdgpu detected, but no compatible rocm library found.  Please install ROCm")
 	return "", fmt.Errorf("no suitable rocm found, falling back to CPU")
--- a/gpu/assets.go
+++ b/gpu/assets.go
@@ -12,8 +12,6 @@ import (
 	"sync"
 	"syscall"
 	"time"
-
-	"github.com/ollama/ollama/envconfig"
 )

 var (
@@ -26,16 +24,8 @@ func PayloadsDir() (string, error) {
 	defer lock.Unlock()
 	var err error
 	if payloadsDir == "" {
-		runnersDir := envconfig.RunnersDir
-
-		if runnersDir != "" {
-			payloadsDir = runnersDir
-			return payloadsDir, nil
-		}
-
-		// The remainder only applies on non-windows where we still carry payloads in the main executable
 		cleanupTmpDirs()
-		tmpDir := envconfig.TmpDir
+		tmpDir := os.Getenv("OLLAMA_TMPDIR")
 		if tmpDir == "" {
 			tmpDir, err = os.MkdirTemp("", "ollama")
 			if err != nil {
@@ -90,7 +80,7 @@ func cleanupTmpDirs() {
 		}
 		err = os.RemoveAll(d)
 		if err != nil {
-			slog.Debug("unable to cleanup stale tmpdir", "path", d, "error", err)
+			slog.Debug(fmt.Sprintf("unable to cleanup stale tmpdir %s: %s", d, err))
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -98,8 +88,7 @@ func cleanupTmpDirs() {
 func Cleanup() {
 	lock.Lock()
 	defer lock.Unlock()
-	runnersDir := envconfig.RunnersDir
-	if payloadsDir != "" && runnersDir == "" && runtime.GOOS != "windows" {
+	if payloadsDir != "" {
 		// We want to fully clean up the tmpdir parent of the payloads dir
 		tmpDir := filepath.Clean(filepath.Join(payloadsDir, ".."))
 		slog.Debug("cleaning up", "dir", tmpDir)
@@ -131,7 +120,7 @@ func UpdatePath(dir string) {
 			}
 		}
 		newPath := strings.Join(append([]string{dir}, pathComponents...), ";")
-		slog.Info("updating", "PATH", newPath)
+		slog.Info(fmt.Sprintf("Updating PATH to %s", newPath))
 		os.Setenv("PATH", newPath)
 	}
 	// linux and darwin rely on rpath
--- a/gpu/cpu_common.go
+++ b/gpu/cpu_common.go
@@ -8,14 +8,14 @@ import (

 func GetCPUVariant() string {
 	if cpu.X86.HasAVX2 {
-		slog.Debug("CPU has AVX2")
+		slog.Info("CPU has AVX2")
 		return "avx2"
 	}
 	if cpu.X86.HasAVX {
-		slog.Debug("CPU has AVX")
+		slog.Info("CPU has AVX")
 		return "avx"
 	}
-	slog.Debug("CPU does not have vector extensions")
+	slog.Info("CPU does not have vector extensions")
 	// else LCD
 	return ""
 }
--- a/gpu/cuda_common.go
+++ b/gpu/cuda_common.go
@@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
-//go:build linux || windows
-
-package gpu
-
-import (
-	"log/slog"
-	"strings"
-)
-
-func cudaGetVisibleDevicesEnv(gpuInfo []GpuInfo) (string, string) {
-	ids := []string{}
-	for _, info := range gpuInfo {
-		if info.Library != "cuda" {
-			// TODO shouldn't happen if things are wired correctly...
-			slog.Debug("cudaGetVisibleDevicesEnv skipping over non-cuda device", "library", info.Library)
-			continue
-		}
-		ids = append(ids, info.ID)
-	}
-	return "CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES", strings.Join(ids, ",")
-
-}
--- a/gpu/gpu.go
+++ b/gpu/gpu.go
@@ -22,14 +22,11 @@ import (
 	"unsafe"

 	"github.com/ollama/ollama/format"
-	"github.com/ollama/ollama/envconfig"
 )

 type handles struct {
-	deviceCount int
-	cudart      *C.cudart_handle_t
-	nvcuda      *C.nvcuda_handle_t
-	oneapi      *C.oneapi_handle_t
+	nvml   *C.nvml_handle_t
+	cudart *C.cudart_handle_t
 }

 const (
@@ -42,10 +39,26 @@ var gpuMutex sync.Mutex
 // With our current CUDA compile flags, older than 5.0 will not work properly
 var CudaComputeMin = [2]C.int{5, 0}

-var RocmComputeMin = 9
+// Possible locations for the nvidia-ml library
+var NvmlLinuxGlobs = []string{
+	"/usr/local/cuda/lib64/libnvidia-ml.so*",
+	"/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/nvidia/current/libnvidia-ml.so*",
+	"/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libnvidia-ml.so*",
+	"/usr/lib/wsl/lib/libnvidia-ml.so*",
+	"/usr/lib/wsl/drivers/*/libnvidia-ml.so*",
+	"/opt/cuda/lib64/libnvidia-ml.so*",
+	"/usr/lib*/libnvidia-ml.so*",
+	"/usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/nvidia/current/libnvidia-ml.so*",
+	"/usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/libnvidia-ml.so*",
+	"/usr/local/lib*/libnvidia-ml.so*",

-// TODO find a better way to detect iGPU instead of minimum memory
-const IGPUMemLimit = 1 * format.GibiByte // 512G is what they typically report, so anything less than 1G must be iGPU
+	// TODO: are these stubs ever valid?
+	"/opt/cuda/targets/x86_64-linux/lib/stubs/libnvidia-ml.so*",
+}
+
+var NvmlWindowsGlobs = []string{
+	"c:\\Windows\\System32\\nvml.dll",
+}

 var CudartLinuxGlobs = []string{
 	"/usr/local/cuda/lib64/libcudart.so*",
@@ -66,31 +79,6 @@ var CudartWindowsGlobs = []string{
 	"c:\\Program Files\\NVIDIA GPU Computing Toolkit\\CUDA\\v*\\bin\\cudart64_*.dll",
 }

-var NvcudaLinuxGlobs = []string{
-	"/usr/local/cuda*/targets/*/lib/libcuda.so*",
-	"/usr/lib/*-linux-gnu/nvidia/current/libcuda.so*",
-	"/usr/lib/*-linux-gnu/libcuda.so*",
-	"/usr/lib/wsl/lib/libcuda.so*",
-	"/usr/lib/wsl/drivers/*/libcuda.so*",
-	"/opt/cuda/lib*/libcuda.so*",
-	"/usr/local/cuda/lib*/libcuda.so*",
-	"/usr/lib*/libcuda.so*",
-	"/usr/local/lib*/libcuda.so*",
-}
-
-var NvcudaWindowsGlobs = []string{
-	"c:\\windows\\system*\\nvcuda.dll",
-}
-
-var OneapiWindowsGlobs = []string{
-	"c:\\Windows\\System32\\DriverStore\\FileRepository\\*\\ze_intel_gpu64.dll",
-}
-
-var OneapiLinuxGlobs = []string{
-	"/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libze_intel_gpu.so*",
-	"/usr/lib*/libze_intel_gpu.so*",
-}
-
 // Jetson devices have JETSON_JETPACK="x.y.z" factory set to the Jetpack version installed.
 // Included to drive logic for reducing Ollama-allocated overhead on L4T/Jetson devices.
 var CudaTegra string = os.Getenv("JETSON_JETPACK")
@@ -100,80 +88,61 @@ func initGPUHandles() *handles {

 	// TODO - if the ollama build is CPU only, don't do these checks as they're irrelevant and confusing

-	gpuHandles := &handles{}
+	gpuHandles := &handles{nil, nil}
+	var nvmlMgmtName string
+	var nvmlMgmtPatterns []string
 	var cudartMgmtName string
 	var cudartMgmtPatterns []string
-	var nvcudaMgmtName string
-	var nvcudaMgmtPatterns []string
-	var oneapiMgmtName string
-	var oneapiMgmtPatterns []string

 	tmpDir, _ := PayloadsDir()
 	switch runtime.GOOS {
 	case "windows":
+		nvmlMgmtName = "nvml.dll"
+		nvmlMgmtPatterns = make([]string, len(NvmlWindowsGlobs))
+		copy(nvmlMgmtPatterns, NvmlWindowsGlobs)
 		cudartMgmtName = "cudart64_*.dll"
 		localAppData := os.Getenv("LOCALAPPDATA")
 		cudartMgmtPatterns = []string{filepath.Join(localAppData, "Programs", "Ollama", cudartMgmtName)}
 		cudartMgmtPatterns = append(cudartMgmtPatterns, CudartWindowsGlobs...)
-		// Aligned with driver, we can't carry as payloads
-		nvcudaMgmtName = "nvcuda.dll"
-		nvcudaMgmtPatterns = NvcudaWindowsGlobs
-		oneapiMgmtName = "ze_intel_gpu64.dll"
-		oneapiMgmtPatterns = OneapiWindowsGlobs
 	case "linux":
+		nvmlMgmtName = "libnvidia-ml.so"
+		nvmlMgmtPatterns = make([]string, len(NvmlLinuxGlobs))
+		copy(nvmlMgmtPatterns, NvmlLinuxGlobs)
 		cudartMgmtName = "libcudart.so*"
 		if tmpDir != "" {
 			// TODO - add "payloads" for subprocess
 			cudartMgmtPatterns = []string{filepath.Join(tmpDir, "cuda*", cudartMgmtName)}
 		}
 		cudartMgmtPatterns = append(cudartMgmtPatterns, CudartLinuxGlobs...)
-		// Aligned with driver, we can't carry as payloads
-		nvcudaMgmtName = "libcuda.so*"
-		nvcudaMgmtPatterns = NvcudaLinuxGlobs
-		oneapiMgmtName = "libze_intel_gpu.so"
-		oneapiMgmtPatterns = OneapiLinuxGlobs
 	default:
 		return gpuHandles
 	}

-	slog.Debug("Detecting GPUs")
-	nvcudaLibPaths := FindGPULibs(nvcudaMgmtName, nvcudaMgmtPatterns)
-	if len(nvcudaLibPaths) > 0 {
-		deviceCount, nvcuda, libPath := LoadNVCUDAMgmt(nvcudaLibPaths)
-		if nvcuda != nil {
-			slog.Debug("detected GPUs", "count", deviceCount, "library", libPath)
-			gpuHandles.nvcuda = nvcuda
-			gpuHandles.deviceCount = deviceCount
-			return gpuHandles
-		}
-	}
-
+	slog.Info("Detecting GPU type")
 	cudartLibPaths := FindGPULibs(cudartMgmtName, cudartMgmtPatterns)
 	if len(cudartLibPaths) > 0 {
-		deviceCount, cudart, libPath := LoadCUDARTMgmt(cudartLibPaths)
+		cudart := LoadCUDARTMgmt(cudartLibPaths)
 		if cudart != nil {
-			slog.Debug("detected GPUs", "library", libPath, "count", deviceCount)
+			slog.Info("Nvidia GPU detected via cudart")
 			gpuHandles.cudart = cudart
-			gpuHandles.deviceCount = deviceCount
 			return gpuHandles
 		}
 	}

-	oneapiLibPaths := FindGPULibs(oneapiMgmtName, oneapiMgmtPatterns)
-	if len(oneapiLibPaths) > 0 {
-		deviceCount, oneapi, libPath := LoadOneapiMgmt(oneapiLibPaths)
-		if oneapi != nil {
-			slog.Debug("detected Intel GPUs", "library", libPath, "count", deviceCount)
-			gpuHandles.oneapi = oneapi
-			gpuHandles.deviceCount = deviceCount
+	// TODO once we build confidence, remove this and the gpu_info_nvml.[ch] files
+	nvmlLibPaths := FindGPULibs(nvmlMgmtName, nvmlMgmtPatterns)
+	if len(nvmlLibPaths) > 0 {
+		nvml := LoadNVMLMgmt(nvmlLibPaths)
+		if nvml != nil {
+			slog.Info("Nvidia GPU detected via nvidia-ml")
+			gpuHandles.nvml = nvml
 			return gpuHandles
 		}
 	}
-
 	return gpuHandles
 }

-func GetGPUInfo() GpuInfoList {
+func GetGPUInfo() GpuInfo {
 	// TODO - consider exploring lspci (and equivalent on windows) to check for
 	// GPUs so we can report warnings if we see Nvidia/AMD but fail to load the libraries
 	gpuMutex.Lock()
@@ -181,12 +150,12 @@ func GetGPUInfo() GpuInfoList {

 	gpuHandles := initGPUHandles()
 	defer func() {
+		if gpuHandles.nvml != nil {
+			C.nvml_release(*gpuHandles.nvml)
+		}
 		if gpuHandles.cudart != nil {
 			C.cudart_release(*gpuHandles.cudart)
 		}
-		if gpuHandles.nvcuda != nil {
-			C.nvcuda_release(*gpuHandles.nvcuda)
-		}
 	}()

 	// All our GPU builds on x86 have AVX enabled, so fallback to CPU if we don't detect at least AVX
@@ -195,95 +164,73 @@ func GetGPUInfo() GpuInfoList {
 		slog.Warn("CPU does not have AVX or AVX2, disabling GPU support.")
 	}

-	// On windows we bundle the nvidia library one level above the runner dir
-	depPath := ""
-	if runtime.GOOS == "windows" && envconfig.RunnersDir != "" {
-		depPath = filepath.Dir(envconfig.RunnersDir)
-	}
-
 	var memInfo C.mem_info_t
-	resp := []GpuInfo{}
-
-	// NVIDIA first
-	for i := 0; i < gpuHandles.deviceCount; i++ {
-		// TODO once we support CPU compilation variants of GPU libraries refine this...
-		if cpuVariant == "" && runtime.GOARCH == "amd64" {
-			continue
-		}
-		if gpuHandles.cudart != nil || gpuHandles.nvcuda != nil {
-			gpuInfo := GpuInfo{
-				Library: "cuda",
-			}
-			var driverMajor int
-			var driverMinor int
-			if gpuHandles.cudart != nil {
-				C.cudart_check_vram(*gpuHandles.cudart, C.int(i), &memInfo)
-			} else {
-				C.nvcuda_check_vram(*gpuHandles.nvcuda, C.int(i), &memInfo)
-				driverMajor = int(gpuHandles.nvcuda.driver_major)
-				driverMinor = int(gpuHandles.nvcuda.driver_minor)
-			}
-			if memInfo.err != nil {
-				slog.Info("error looking up nvidia GPU memory", "error", C.GoString(memInfo.err))
-				C.free(unsafe.Pointer(memInfo.err))
-				continue
-			}
-			if memInfo.major < CudaComputeMin[0] || (memInfo.major == CudaComputeMin[0] && memInfo.minor < CudaComputeMin[1]) {
-				slog.Info(fmt.Sprintf("[%d] CUDA GPU is too old. Compute Capability detected: %d.%d", i, memInfo.major, memInfo.minor))
-				continue
-			}
-			gpuInfo.TotalMemory = uint64(memInfo.total)
-			gpuInfo.FreeMemory = uint64(memInfo.free)
-			gpuInfo.ID = C.GoString(&memInfo.gpu_id[0])
-			gpuInfo.Compute = fmt.Sprintf("%d.%d", memInfo.major, memInfo.minor)
-			gpuInfo.MinimumMemory = cudaMinimumMemory
-			gpuInfo.DependencyPath = depPath
-			gpuInfo.Name = C.GoString(&memInfo.gpu_name[0])
-			gpuInfo.DriverMajor = int(driverMajor)
-			gpuInfo.DriverMinor = int(driverMinor)
-
-			// TODO potentially sort on our own algorithm instead of what the underlying GPU library does...
-			resp = append(resp, gpuInfo)
-		}
-		if gpuHandles.oneapi != nil {
-			gpuInfo := GpuInfo{
-				Library: "oneapi",
-			}
-			C.oneapi_check_vram(*gpuHandles.oneapi, &memInfo)
-			var totalFreeMem float64 = float64(memInfo.free) * 0.95 // work-around: leave some reserve vram for mkl lib used in ggml-sycl backend.
-			memInfo.free = C.uint64_t(totalFreeMem)
-			gpuInfo.TotalMemory = uint64(memInfo.total)
-			gpuInfo.FreeMemory = uint64(memInfo.free)
-			gpuInfo.ID = strconv.Itoa(i)
-			resp = append(resp, gpuInfo)
-		}
-	}
-
-	// Then AMD
-	resp = append(resp, AMDGetGPUInfo()...)
-
-	if len(resp) == 0 {
-		C.cpu_check_ram(&memInfo)
+	resp := GpuInfo{}
+	if gpuHandles.nvml != nil && (cpuVariant != "" || runtime.GOARCH != "amd64") {
+		C.nvml_check_vram(*gpuHandles.nvml, &memInfo)
 		if memInfo.err != nil {
-			slog.Info("error looking up CPU memory", "error", C.GoString(memInfo.err))
+			slog.Info(fmt.Sprintf("[nvidia-ml] error looking up NVML GPU memory: %s", C.GoString(memInfo.err)))
 			C.free(unsafe.Pointer(memInfo.err))
+		} else if memInfo.count > 0 {
+			// Verify minimum compute capability
+			var cc C.nvml_compute_capability_t
+			C.nvml_compute_capability(*gpuHandles.nvml, &cc)
+			if cc.err != nil {
+				slog.Info(fmt.Sprintf("[nvidia-ml] error looking up NVML GPU compute capability: %s", C.GoString(cc.err)))
+				C.free(unsafe.Pointer(cc.err))
+			} else if cc.major > CudaComputeMin[0] || (cc.major == CudaComputeMin[0] && cc.minor >= CudaComputeMin[1]) {
+				slog.Info(fmt.Sprintf("[nvidia-ml] NVML CUDA Compute Capability detected: %d.%d", cc.major, cc.minor))
+				resp.Library = "cuda"
+				resp.MinimumMemory = cudaMinimumMemory
+			} else {
+				slog.Info(fmt.Sprintf("[nvidia-ml] CUDA GPU is too old. Falling back to CPU mode. Compute Capability detected: %d.%d", cc.major, cc.minor))
+			}
+		}
+	} else if gpuHandles.cudart != nil && (cpuVariant != "" || runtime.GOARCH != "amd64") {
+		C.cudart_check_vram(*gpuHandles.cudart, &memInfo)
+		if memInfo.err != nil {
+			slog.Info(fmt.Sprintf("[cudart] error looking up CUDART GPU memory: %s", C.GoString(memInfo.err)))
+			C.free(unsafe.Pointer(memInfo.err))
+		} else if memInfo.count > 0 {
+			// Verify minimum compute capability
+			var cc C.cudart_compute_capability_t
+			C.cudart_compute_capability(*gpuHandles.cudart, &cc)
+			if cc.err != nil {
+				slog.Info(fmt.Sprintf("[cudart] error looking up CUDA compute capability: %s", C.GoString(cc.err)))
+				C.free(unsafe.Pointer(cc.err))
+			} else if cc.major > CudaComputeMin[0] || (cc.major == CudaComputeMin[0] && cc.minor >= CudaComputeMin[1]) {
+				slog.Info(fmt.Sprintf("[cudart] CUDART CUDA Compute Capability detected: %d.%d", cc.major, cc.minor))
+				resp.Library = "cuda"
+				resp.MinimumMemory = cudaMinimumMemory
+			} else {
+				slog.Info(fmt.Sprintf("[cudart] CUDA GPU is too old. Falling back to CPU mode. Compute Capability detected: %d.%d", cc.major, cc.minor))
+			}
+		}
+	} else {
+		AMDGetGPUInfo(&resp)
+		if resp.Library != "" {
+			resp.MinimumMemory = rocmMinimumMemory
 			return resp
 		}
-		gpuInfo := GpuInfo{
-			Library: "cpu",
-			Variant: cpuVariant,
-		}
-		gpuInfo.TotalMemory = uint64(memInfo.total)
-		gpuInfo.FreeMemory = uint64(memInfo.free)
-		gpuInfo.ID = C.GoString(&memInfo.gpu_id[0])
-
-		resp = append(resp, gpuInfo)
+	}
+	if resp.Library == "" {
+		C.cpu_check_ram(&memInfo)
+		resp.Library = "cpu"
+		resp.Variant = cpuVariant
+	}
+	if memInfo.err != nil {
+		slog.Info(fmt.Sprintf("error looking up CPU memory: %s", C.GoString(memInfo.err)))
+		C.free(unsafe.Pointer(memInfo.err))
+		return resp
 	}

+	resp.DeviceCount = uint32(memInfo.count)
+	resp.FreeMemory = uint64(memInfo.free)
+	resp.TotalMemory = uint64(memInfo.total)
 	return resp
 }

-func GetCPUMem() (memInfo, error) {
+func getCPUMem() (memInfo, error) {
 	var ret memInfo
 	var info C.mem_info_t
 	C.cpu_check_ram(&info)
@@ -296,12 +243,29 @@ func GetCPUMem() (memInfo, error) {
 	return ret, nil
 }

-func FindGPULibs(baseLibName string, defaultPatterns []string) []string {
+func CheckVRAM() (int64, error) {
+	userLimit := os.Getenv("OLLAMA_MAX_VRAM")
+	if userLimit != "" {
+		avail, err := strconv.ParseInt(userLimit, 10, 64)
+		if err != nil {
+			return 0, fmt.Errorf("Invalid OLLAMA_MAX_VRAM setting %s: %s", userLimit, err)
+		}
+		slog.Info(fmt.Sprintf("user override OLLAMA_MAX_VRAM=%d", avail))
+		return avail, nil
+	}
+	gpuInfo := GetGPUInfo()
+	if gpuInfo.FreeMemory > 0 && (gpuInfo.Library == "cuda" || gpuInfo.Library == "rocm") {
+		return int64(gpuInfo.FreeMemory), nil
+	}
+
+	return 0, fmt.Errorf("no GPU detected") // TODO - better handling of CPU based memory determiniation
+}
+
+func FindGPULibs(baseLibName string, patterns []string) []string {
 	// Multiple GPU libraries may exist, and some may not work, so keep trying until we exhaust them
 	var ldPaths []string
-	var patterns []string
 	gpuLibPaths := []string{}
-	slog.Debug("Searching for GPU library", "name", baseLibName)
+	slog.Info(fmt.Sprintf("Searching for GPU management library %s", baseLibName))

 	switch runtime.GOOS {
 	case "windows":
@@ -319,14 +283,8 @@ func FindGPULibs(baseLibName string, defaultPatterns []string) []string {
 		}
 		patterns = append(patterns, filepath.Join(d, baseLibName+"*"))
 	}
-	patterns = append(patterns, defaultPatterns...)
-	slog.Debug("gpu library search", "globs", patterns)
+	slog.Debug(fmt.Sprintf("gpu management search paths: %v", patterns))
 	for _, pattern := range patterns {
-
-		// Nvidia PhysX known to return bogus results
-		if strings.Contains(pattern, "PhysX") {
-			slog.Debug("skipping PhysX cuda library path", "path", pattern)
-		}
 		// Ignore glob discovery errors
 		matches, _ := filepath.Glob(pattern)
 		for _, match := range matches {
@@ -353,11 +311,28 @@ func FindGPULibs(baseLibName string, defaultPatterns []string) []string {
 			}
 		}
 	}
-	slog.Debug("discovered GPU libraries", "paths", gpuLibPaths)
+	slog.Info(fmt.Sprintf("Discovered GPU libraries: %v", gpuLibPaths))
 	return gpuLibPaths
 }

-func LoadCUDARTMgmt(cudartLibPaths []string) (int, *C.cudart_handle_t, string) {
+func LoadNVMLMgmt(nvmlLibPaths []string) *C.nvml_handle_t {
+	var resp C.nvml_init_resp_t
+	resp.ch.verbose = getVerboseState()
+	for _, libPath := range nvmlLibPaths {
+		lib := C.CString(libPath)
+		defer C.free(unsafe.Pointer(lib))
+		C.nvml_init(lib, &resp)
+		if resp.err != nil {
+			slog.Info(fmt.Sprintf("Unable to load NVML management library %s: %s", libPath, C.GoString(resp.err)))
+			C.free(unsafe.Pointer(resp.err))
+		} else {
+			return &resp.ch
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func LoadCUDARTMgmt(cudartLibPaths []string) *C.cudart_handle_t {
 	var resp C.cudart_init_resp_t
 	resp.ch.verbose = getVerboseState()
 	for _, libPath := range cudartLibPaths {
@@ -365,73 +340,18 @@ func LoadCUDARTMgmt(cudartLibPaths []string) (int, *C.cudart_handle_t, string) {
 		defer C.free(unsafe.Pointer(lib))
 		C.cudart_init(lib, &resp)
 		if resp.err != nil {
-			slog.Debug("Unable to load cudart", "library", libPath, "error", C.GoString(resp.err))
+			slog.Info(fmt.Sprintf("Unable to load cudart CUDA management library %s: %s", libPath, C.GoString(resp.err)))
 			C.free(unsafe.Pointer(resp.err))
 		} else {
-			return int(resp.num_devices), &resp.ch, libPath
+			return &resp.ch
 		}
 	}
-	return 0, nil, ""
-}
-
-func LoadNVCUDAMgmt(nvcudaLibPaths []string) (int, *C.nvcuda_handle_t, string) {
-	var resp C.nvcuda_init_resp_t
-	resp.ch.verbose = getVerboseState()
-	for _, libPath := range nvcudaLibPaths {
-		lib := C.CString(libPath)
-		defer C.free(unsafe.Pointer(lib))
-		C.nvcuda_init(lib, &resp)
-		if resp.err != nil {
-			slog.Debug("Unable to load nvcuda", "library", libPath, "error", C.GoString(resp.err))
-			C.free(unsafe.Pointer(resp.err))
-		} else {
-			return int(resp.num_devices), &resp.ch, libPath
-		}
-	}
-	return 0, nil, ""
-}
-
-func LoadOneapiMgmt(oneapiLibPaths []string) (int, *C.oneapi_handle_t, string) {
-	var resp C.oneapi_init_resp_t
-	resp.oh.verbose = getVerboseState()
-	for _, libPath := range oneapiLibPaths {
-		lib := C.CString(libPath)
-		defer C.free(unsafe.Pointer(lib))
-		C.oneapi_init(lib, &resp)
-		if resp.err != nil {
-			slog.Debug("Unable to load oneAPI management library", "library", libPath, "error", C.GoString(resp.err))
-			C.free(unsafe.Pointer(resp.err))
-		} else {
-			return int(resp.num_devices), &resp.oh, libPath
-		}
-	}
-	return 0, nil, ""
+	return nil
 }

 func getVerboseState() C.uint16_t {
-	if envconfig.Debug {
+	if debug := os.Getenv("OLLAMA_DEBUG"); debug != "" {
 		return C.uint16_t(1)
 	}
 	return C.uint16_t(0)
 }
-
-// Given the list of GPUs this instantiation is targeted for,
-// figure out the visible devices environment variable
-//
-// If different libraries are detected, the first one is what we use
-func (l GpuInfoList) GetVisibleDevicesEnv() (string, string) {
-	if len(l) == 0 {
-		return "", ""
-	}
-	switch l[0].Library {
-	case "cuda":
-		return cudaGetVisibleDevicesEnv(l)
-	case "rocm":
-		return rocmGetVisibleDevicesEnv(l)
-	case "oneapi":
-		return oneapiGetVisibleDevicesEnv(l)
-	default:
-		slog.Debug("no filter required for library " + l[0].Library)
-		return "", ""
-	}
-}
--- a/gpu/gpu_darwin.go
+++ b/gpu/gpu_darwin.go
@@ -9,47 +9,52 @@ package gpu
 */
 import "C"
 import (
+	"fmt"
+	"log/slog"
+	"os"
 	"runtime"
-
-	"github.com/ollama/ollama/format"
+	"strconv"
 )

-const (
-	metalMinimumMemory = 512 * format.MebiByte
-)
+// CheckVRAM returns the free VRAM in bytes on Linux machines with NVIDIA GPUs
+func CheckVRAM() (int64, error) {
+	userLimit := os.Getenv("OLLAMA_MAX_VRAM")
+	if userLimit != "" {
+		avail, err := strconv.ParseInt(userLimit, 10, 64)
+		if err != nil {
+			return 0, fmt.Errorf("Invalid OLLAMA_MAX_VRAM setting %s: %s", userLimit, err)
+		}
+		slog.Info(fmt.Sprintf("user override OLLAMA_MAX_VRAM=%d", avail))
+		return avail, nil
+	}

-func GetGPUInfo() GpuInfoList {
-	mem, _ := GetCPUMem()
 	if runtime.GOARCH == "amd64" {
-		return []GpuInfo{
-			{
-				Library: "cpu",
-				Variant: GetCPUVariant(),
-				memInfo: mem,
-			},
+		// gpu not supported, this may not be metal
+		return 0, nil
+	}
+	recommendedMaxVRAM := int64(C.getRecommendedMaxVRAM())
+	return recommendedMaxVRAM, nil
+}
+
+func GetGPUInfo() GpuInfo {
+	mem, _ := getCPUMem()
+	if runtime.GOARCH == "amd64" {
+		return GpuInfo{
+			Library: "cpu",
+			Variant: GetCPUVariant(),
+			memInfo: mem,
 		}
 	}
-	info := GpuInfo{
+	return GpuInfo{
 		Library: "metal",
-		ID:      "0",
+		memInfo: mem,
 	}
-	info.TotalMemory = uint64(C.getRecommendedMaxVRAM())
-
-	// TODO is there a way to gather actual allocated video memory? (currentAllocatedSize doesn't work)
-	info.FreeMemory = info.TotalMemory
-
-	info.MinimumMemory = metalMinimumMemory
-	return []GpuInfo{info}
 }

-func GetCPUMem() (memInfo, error) {
+func getCPUMem() (memInfo, error) {
 	return memInfo{
-		TotalMemory: uint64(C.getPhysicalMemory()),
+		TotalMemory: 0,
 		FreeMemory:  0,
+		DeviceCount: 0,
 	}, nil
 }
-
-func (l GpuInfoList) GetVisibleDevicesEnv() (string, string) {
-	// No-op on darwin
-	return "", ""
-}
--- a/gpu/gpu_info.h
+++ b/gpu/gpu_info.h
@@ -38,20 +38,12 @@
 extern "C" {
 #endif

-#define GPU_ID_LEN 64
-#define GPU_NAME_LEN 96
-
 typedef struct mem_info {
-  char *err;  // If non-nill, caller responsible for freeing
-  char gpu_id[GPU_ID_LEN];
-  char gpu_name[GPU_NAME_LEN];
  uint64_t total;
  uint64_t free;
-
-  // Compute Capability
-  int major; 
-  int minor;
-  int patch;
+  unsigned int count;
+  int igpu_index; // If >= 0, we detected an integrated GPU to ignore
+  char *err;  // If non-nill, caller responsible for freeing
 } mem_info_t;

 void cpu_check_ram(mem_info_t *resp);
@@ -60,9 +52,8 @@ void cpu_check_ram(mem_info_t *resp);
 }
 #endif

+#include "gpu_info_nvml.h"
 #include "gpu_info_cudart.h"
-#include "gpu_info_nvcuda.h"
-#include "gpu_info_oneapi.h"

 #endif  // __GPU_INFO_H__
 #endif  // __APPLE__
--- a/gpu/gpu_info_cpu.c
+++ b/gpu/gpu_info_cpu.c
@@ -8,9 +8,9 @@ void cpu_check_ram(mem_info_t *resp) {
  MEMORYSTATUSEX info;
  info.dwLength = sizeof(info);
  if (GlobalMemoryStatusEx(&info) != 0) {
+    resp->count = 1;
    resp->total = info.ullTotalPhys;
    resp->free = info.ullAvailPhys;
-    snprintf(&resp->gpu_id[0], GPU_ID_LEN, "0");
  } else {
    resp->err = LOAD_ERR();
  }
@@ -27,9 +27,9 @@ void cpu_check_ram(mem_info_t *resp) {
  if (sysinfo(&info) != 0) {
    resp->err = strdup(strerror(errno));
  } else {
+    resp->count = 1;
    resp->total = info.totalram * info.mem_unit;
    resp->free = info.freeram * info.mem_unit;
-    snprintf(&resp->gpu_id[0], GPU_ID_LEN, "0");
  }
  return;
 }
--- a/gpu/gpu_info_cudart.c
+++ b/gpu/gpu_info_cudart.c
@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@
 void cudart_init(char *cudart_lib_path, cudart_init_resp_t *resp) {
  cudartReturn_t ret;
  resp->err = NULL;
-  resp->num_devices = 0;
  const int buflen = 256;
  char buf[buflen + 1];
  int i;
@@ -22,7 +21,6 @@ void cudart_init(char *cudart_lib_path, cudart_init_resp_t *resp) {
      {"cudaGetDeviceCount", (void *)&resp->ch.cudaGetDeviceCount},
      {"cudaDeviceGetAttribute", (void *)&resp->ch.cudaDeviceGetAttribute},
      {"cudaDriverGetVersion", (void *)&resp->ch.cudaDriverGetVersion},
-      {"cudaGetDeviceProperties", (void *)&resp->ch.cudaGetDeviceProperties},
      {NULL, NULL},
  };

@@ -38,7 +36,13 @@ void cudart_init(char *cudart_lib_path, cudart_init_resp_t *resp) {
    return;
  }

+  // TODO once we've squashed the remaining corner cases remove this log
+  LOG(resp->ch.verbose, "wiring cudart library functions in %s\n", cudart_lib_path);
+  
  for (i = 0; l[i].s != NULL; i++) {
+    // TODO once we've squashed the remaining corner cases remove this log
+    LOG(resp->ch.verbose, "dlsym: %s\n", l[i].s);
+
    *l[i].p = LOAD_SYMBOL(resp->ch.handle, l[i].s);
    if (!l[i].p) {
      char *msg = LOAD_ERR();
@@ -59,7 +63,7 @@ void cudart_init(char *cudart_lib_path, cudart_init_resp_t *resp) {
    UNLOAD_LIBRARY(resp->ch.handle);
    resp->ch.handle = NULL;
    if (ret == CUDA_ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_DRIVER) {
-      resp->err = strdup("your nvidia driver is too old or missing.  If you have a CUDA GPU please upgrade to run ollama");
+      resp->err = strdup("your nvidia driver is too old or missing, please upgrade to run ollama");
      return;
    }
    snprintf(buf, buflen, "cudart init failure: %d", ret);
@@ -81,95 +85,110 @@ void cudart_init(char *cudart_lib_path, cudart_init_resp_t *resp) {
    driverVersion.minor = (version - (driverVersion.major * 1000)) / 10;
    LOG(resp->ch.verbose, "CUDA driver version: %d-%d\n", driverVersion.major, driverVersion.minor);
  }
-
-  ret = (*resp->ch.cudaGetDeviceCount)(&resp->num_devices);
-  if (ret != CUDART_SUCCESS) {
-    LOG(resp->ch.verbose, "cudaGetDeviceCount err: %d\n", ret);
-    UNLOAD_LIBRARY(resp->ch.handle);
-    resp->ch.handle = NULL;
-    snprintf(buf, buflen, "unable to get device count: %d", ret);
-    resp->err = strdup(buf);
-    return;
-  }
 }


-void cudart_check_vram(cudart_handle_t h, int i, mem_info_t *resp) {
+void cudart_check_vram(cudart_handle_t h, mem_info_t *resp) {
  resp->err = NULL;
  cudartMemory_t memInfo = {0,0,0};
  cudartReturn_t ret;
  const int buflen = 256;
  char buf[buflen + 1];
+  int i;

  if (h.handle == NULL) {
    resp->err = strdup("cudart handle isn't initialized");
    return;
  }

-  ret = (*h.cudaSetDevice)(i);
+  // cudaGetDeviceCount takes int type, resp-> count is uint
+  int deviceCount;
+  ret = (*h.cudaGetDeviceCount)(&deviceCount);
  if (ret != CUDART_SUCCESS) {
-    snprintf(buf, buflen, "cudart device failed to initialize");
+    snprintf(buf, buflen, "unable to get device count: %d", ret);
    resp->err = strdup(buf);
    return;
-  }
-
-  cudaDeviceProp_t props;
-  ret = (*h.cudaGetDeviceProperties)(&props, i);
-  if (ret != CUDART_SUCCESS) {
-    LOG(h.verbose, "[%d] device properties lookup failure: %d\n", i, ret);
-    snprintf(&resp->gpu_id[0], GPU_ID_LEN, "%d", i);
-    resp->major = 0;
-    resp->minor = 0;
  } else {
-    int allNull = 1;
-    for (int j = 0; j < 16; j++) {
-      if (props.uuid.bytes[j] != 0) {
-        allNull = 0;
-        break;
-      }
-    }
-    if (allNull != 0) {
-      snprintf(&resp->gpu_id[0], GPU_ID_LEN, "%d", i);
-    } else {
-      // GPU-d110a105-ac29-1d54-7b49-9c90440f215b
-      snprintf(&resp->gpu_id[0], GPU_ID_LEN,
-          "GPU-%02x%02x%02x%02x-%02x%02x-%02x%02x-%02x%02x-%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x",
-          props.uuid.bytes[0],
-          props.uuid.bytes[1],
-          props.uuid.bytes[2],
-          props.uuid.bytes[3],
-          props.uuid.bytes[4],
-          props.uuid.bytes[5],
-          props.uuid.bytes[6],
-          props.uuid.bytes[7],
-          props.uuid.bytes[8],
-          props.uuid.bytes[9],
-          props.uuid.bytes[10],
-          props.uuid.bytes[11],
-          props.uuid.bytes[12],
-          props.uuid.bytes[13],
-          props.uuid.bytes[14],
-          props.uuid.bytes[15]
-        );
-    }
-    resp->major = props.major;
-    resp->minor = props.minor;
-
-    // TODO add other useful properties from props
+    resp->count = (unsigned int)deviceCount;
  }
-  ret = (*h.cudaMemGetInfo)(&memInfo.free, &memInfo.total);
+
+  resp->total = 0;
+  resp->free = 0;
+  for (i = 0; i < resp-> count; i++) {  
+    ret = (*h.cudaSetDevice)(i);
+    if (ret != CUDART_SUCCESS) {
+      snprintf(buf, buflen, "cudart device failed to initialize");
+      resp->err = strdup(buf);
+      return;
+    }
+    ret = (*h.cudaMemGetInfo)(&memInfo.free, &memInfo.total);
+    if (ret != CUDART_SUCCESS) {
+      snprintf(buf, buflen, "cudart device memory info lookup failure %d", ret);
+      resp->err = strdup(buf);
+      return;
+    }
+
+    LOG(h.verbose, "[%d] CUDA totalMem %lu\n", i, memInfo.total);
+    LOG(h.verbose, "[%d] CUDA freeMem %lu\n", i, memInfo.free);
+
+    resp->total += memInfo.total;
+    resp->free += memInfo.free;
+  }
+}
+
+void cudart_compute_capability(cudart_handle_t h, cudart_compute_capability_t *resp) {
+  resp->err = NULL;
+  resp->major = 0;
+  resp->minor = 0;
+  int major = 0;
+  int minor = 0;
+  cudartReturn_t ret;
+  const int buflen = 256;
+  char buf[buflen + 1];
+  int i;
+
+  if (h.handle == NULL) {
+    resp->err = strdup("cudart handle not initialized");
+    return;
+  }
+
+  int devices;
+  ret = (*h.cudaGetDeviceCount)(&devices);
  if (ret != CUDART_SUCCESS) {
-    snprintf(buf, buflen, "cudart device memory info lookup failure %d", ret);
+    snprintf(buf, buflen, "unable to get cudart device count: %d", ret);
    resp->err = strdup(buf);
    return;
  }

-  resp->total = memInfo.total;
-  resp->free = memInfo.free;
+  for (i = 0; i < devices; i++) {
+    ret = (*h.cudaSetDevice)(i);
+    if (ret != CUDART_SUCCESS) {
+      snprintf(buf, buflen, "cudart device failed to initialize");
+      resp->err = strdup(buf);
+      return;
+    }

-  LOG(h.verbose, "[%s] CUDA totalMem %lu\n", resp->gpu_id, resp->total);
-  LOG(h.verbose, "[%s] CUDA freeMem %lu\n", resp->gpu_id, resp->free);
-  LOG(h.verbose, "[%s] Compute Capability %d.%d\n", resp->gpu_id, resp->major, resp->minor);
+    ret = (*h.cudaDeviceGetAttribute)(&major, cudartDevAttrComputeCapabilityMajor, i);
+    if (ret != CUDART_SUCCESS) {
+      snprintf(buf, buflen, "device compute capability lookup failure %d: %d", i, ret);
+      resp->err = strdup(buf);
+      return;
+    }
+    ret = (*h.cudaDeviceGetAttribute)(&minor, cudartDevAttrComputeCapabilityMinor, i);
+    if (ret != CUDART_SUCCESS) {
+      snprintf(buf, buflen, "device compute capability lookup failure %d: %d", i, ret);
+      resp->err = strdup(buf);
+      return;
+    }
+      
+    // Report the lowest major.minor we detect as that limits our compatibility
+    if (resp->major == 0 || resp->major > major ) {
+      resp->major = major;
+      resp->minor = minor;
+    } else if ( resp->major == major && resp->minor > minor ) {
+      resp->minor = minor;
+    }
+  }
 }

 void cudart_release(cudart_handle_t h) {
--- a/gpu/gpu_info_cudart.h
+++ b/gpu/gpu_info_cudart.h
@@ -6,20 +6,14 @@
 // Just enough typedef's to dlopen/dlsym for memory information
 typedef enum cudartReturn_enum {
  CUDART_SUCCESS = 0,
-  CUDART_ERROR_INVALID_VALUE = 1,
-  CUDART_ERROR_MEMORY_ALLOCATION = 2,
-  CUDART_ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_DRIVER = 35,
+  CUDART_UNSUPPORTED = 1,
+  CUDA_ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_DRIVER = 35,
  // Other values omitted for now...
 } cudartReturn_t;

 typedef enum cudartDeviceAttr_enum {
  cudartDevAttrComputeCapabilityMajor = 75,
  cudartDevAttrComputeCapabilityMinor = 76,
-
-  // TODO - not yet wired up but may be useful for Jetson or other
-  // integrated GPU scenarios with shared memory
-  cudaDevAttrIntegrated = 18
-
 } cudartDeviceAttr_t;

 typedef void *cudartDevice_t;  // Opaque is sufficient
@@ -34,92 +28,6 @@ typedef struct cudartDriverVersion {
  int minor;
 } cudartDriverVersion_t;

-typedef struct cudaUUID {
-    unsigned char bytes[16];
-} cudaUUID_t;
-typedef struct cudaDeviceProp {
-    char         name[256];                  /**< ASCII string identifying device */
-    cudaUUID_t   uuid;                       /**< 16-byte unique identifier */
-    char         luid[8];                    /**< 8-byte locally unique identifier. Value is undefined on TCC and non-Windows platforms */
-    unsigned int luidDeviceNodeMask;         /**< LUID device node mask. Value is undefined on TCC and non-Windows platforms */
-    size_t       totalGlobalMem;             /**< Global memory available on device in bytes */
-    size_t       sharedMemPerBlock;          /**< Shared memory available per block in bytes */
-    int          regsPerBlock;               /**< 32-bit registers available per block */
-    int          warpSize;                   /**< Warp size in threads */
-    size_t       memPitch;                   /**< Maximum pitch in bytes allowed by memory copies */
-    int          maxThreadsPerBlock;         /**< Maximum number of threads per block */
-    int          maxThreadsDim[3];           /**< Maximum size of each dimension of a block */
-    int          maxGridSize[3];             /**< Maximum size of each dimension of a grid */
-    int          clockRate;                  /**< Clock frequency in kilohertz */
-    size_t       totalConstMem;              /**< Constant memory available on device in bytes */
-    int          major;                      /**< Major compute capability */
-    int          minor;                      /**< Minor compute capability */
-    size_t       textureAlignment;           /**< Alignment requirement for textures */
-    size_t       texturePitchAlignment;      /**< Pitch alignment requirement for texture references bound to pitched memory */
-    int          deviceOverlap;              /**< Device can concurrently copy memory and execute a kernel. Deprecated. Use instead asyncEngineCount. */
-    int          multiProcessorCount;        /**< Number of multiprocessors on device */
-    int          kernelExecTimeoutEnabled;   /**< Specified whether there is a run time limit on kernels */
-    int          integrated;                 /**< Device is integrated as opposed to discrete */
-    int          canMapHostMemory;           /**< Device can map host memory with cudaHostAlloc/cudaHostGetDevicePointer */
-    int          computeMode;                /**< Compute mode (See ::cudaComputeMode) */
-    int          maxTexture1D;               /**< Maximum 1D texture size */
-    int          maxTexture1DMipmap;         /**< Maximum 1D mipmapped texture size */
-    int          maxTexture1DLinear;         /**< Deprecated, do not use. Use cudaDeviceGetTexture1DLinearMaxWidth() or cuDeviceGetTexture1DLinearMaxWidth() instead. */
-    int          maxTexture2D[2];            /**< Maximum 2D texture dimensions */
-    int          maxTexture2DMipmap[2];      /**< Maximum 2D mipmapped texture dimensions */
-    int          maxTexture2DLinear[3];      /**< Maximum dimensions (width, height, pitch) for 2D textures bound to pitched memory */
-    int          maxTexture2DGather[2];      /**< Maximum 2D texture dimensions if texture gather operations have to be performed */
-    int          maxTexture3D[3];            /**< Maximum 3D texture dimensions */
-    int          maxTexture3DAlt[3];         /**< Maximum alternate 3D texture dimensions */
-    int          maxTextureCubemap;          /**< Maximum Cubemap texture dimensions */
-    int          maxTexture1DLayered[2];     /**< Maximum 1D layered texture dimensions */
-    int          maxTexture2DLayered[3];     /**< Maximum 2D layered texture dimensions */
-    int          maxTextureCubemapLayered[2];/**< Maximum Cubemap layered texture dimensions */
-    int          maxSurface1D;               /**< Maximum 1D surface size */
-    int          maxSurface2D[2];            /**< Maximum 2D surface dimensions */
-    int          maxSurface3D[3];            /**< Maximum 3D surface dimensions */
-    int          maxSurface1DLayered[2];     /**< Maximum 1D layered surface dimensions */
-    int          maxSurface2DLayered[3];     /**< Maximum 2D layered surface dimensions */
-    int          maxSurfaceCubemap;          /**< Maximum Cubemap surface dimensions */
-    int          maxSurfaceCubemapLayered[2];/**< Maximum Cubemap layered surface dimensions */
-    size_t       surfaceAlignment;           /**< Alignment requirements for surfaces */
-    int          concurrentKernels;          /**< Device can possibly execute multiple kernels concurrently */
-    int          ECCEnabled;                 /**< Device has ECC support enabled */
-    int          pciBusID;                   /**< PCI bus ID of the device */
-    int          pciDeviceID;                /**< PCI device ID of the device */
-    int          pciDomainID;                /**< PCI domain ID of the device */
-    int          tccDriver;                  /**< 1 if device is a Tesla device using TCC driver, 0 otherwise */
-    int          asyncEngineCount;           /**< Number of asynchronous engines */
-    int          unifiedAddressing;          /**< Device shares a unified address space with the host */
-    int          memoryClockRate;            /**< Peak memory clock frequency in kilohertz */
-    int          memoryBusWidth;             /**< Global memory bus width in bits */
-    int          l2CacheSize;                /**< Size of L2 cache in bytes */
-    int          persistingL2CacheMaxSize;   /**< Device's maximum l2 persisting lines capacity setting in bytes */
-    int          maxThreadsPerMultiProcessor;/**< Maximum resident threads per multiprocessor */
-    int          streamPrioritiesSupported;  /**< Device supports stream priorities */
-    int          globalL1CacheSupported;     /**< Device supports caching globals in L1 */
-    int          localL1CacheSupported;      /**< Device supports caching locals in L1 */
-    size_t       sharedMemPerMultiprocessor; /**< Shared memory available per multiprocessor in bytes */
-    int          regsPerMultiprocessor;      /**< 32-bit registers available per multiprocessor */
-    int          managedMemory;              /**< Device supports allocating managed memory on this system */
-    int          isMultiGpuBoard;            /**< Device is on a multi-GPU board */
-    int          multiGpuBoardGroupID;       /**< Unique identifier for a group of devices on the same multi-GPU board */
-    int          hostNativeAtomicSupported;  /**< Link between the device and the host supports native atomic operations */
-    int          singleToDoublePrecisionPerfRatio; /**< Ratio of single precision performance (in floating-point operations per second) to double precision performance */
-    int          pageableMemoryAccess;       /**< Device supports coherently accessing pageable memory without calling cudaHostRegister on it */
-    int          concurrentManagedAccess;    /**< Device can coherently access managed memory concurrently with the CPU */
-    int          computePreemptionSupported; /**< Device supports Compute Preemption */
-    int          canUseHostPointerForRegisteredMem; /**< Device can access host registered memory at the same virtual address as the CPU */
-    int          cooperativeLaunch;          /**< Device supports launching cooperative kernels via ::cudaLaunchCooperativeKernel */
-    int          cooperativeMultiDeviceLaunch; /**< Deprecated, cudaLaunchCooperativeKernelMultiDevice is deprecated. */
-    size_t       sharedMemPerBlockOptin;     /**< Per device maximum shared memory per block usable by special opt in */
-    int          pageableMemoryAccessUsesHostPageTables; /**< Device accesses pageable memory via the host's page tables */
-    int          directManagedMemAccessFromHost; /**< Host can directly access managed memory on the device without migration. */
-    int          maxBlocksPerMultiProcessor; /**< Maximum number of resident blocks per multiprocessor */
-    int          accessPolicyMaxWindowSize;  /**< The maximum value of ::cudaAccessPolicyWindow::num_bytes. */
-    size_t       reservedSharedMemPerBlock;  /**< Shared memory reserved by CUDA driver per block in bytes */
-  } cudaDeviceProp_t;
-
 typedef struct cudart_handle {
  void *handle;
  uint16_t verbose;
@@ -130,17 +38,23 @@ typedef struct cudart_handle {
  cudartReturn_t (*cudaGetDeviceCount)(int *);
  cudartReturn_t (*cudaDeviceGetAttribute)(int* value, cudartDeviceAttr_t attr, int device);
  cudartReturn_t (*cudaDriverGetVersion) (int *driverVersion);
-  cudartReturn_t (*cudaGetDeviceProperties) (cudaDeviceProp_t* prop, int device);
 } cudart_handle_t;

 typedef struct cudart_init_resp {
  char *err;  // If err is non-null handle is invalid
  cudart_handle_t ch;
-  int num_devices;
 } cudart_init_resp_t;

+typedef struct cudart_compute_capability {
+  char *err;
+  int major;
+  int minor;
+} cudart_compute_capability_t;
+
+
 void cudart_init(char *cudart_lib_path, cudart_init_resp_t *resp);
-void cudart_check_vram(cudart_handle_t ch, int device_id, mem_info_t *resp);
+void cudart_check_vram(cudart_handle_t ch, mem_info_t *resp);
+void cudart_compute_capability(cudart_handle_t th, cudart_compute_capability_t *cc);
 void cudart_release(cudart_handle_t ch);

 #endif  // __GPU_INFO_CUDART_H__
--- a/gpu/gpu_info_darwin.h
+++ b/gpu/gpu_info_darwin.h
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
 #import <Metal/Metal.h>
 #include <stdint.h>
 uint64_t getRecommendedMaxVRAM();
-uint64_t getPhysicalMemory();
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More